Pantang Larang Dalam Pembuatan Tapai Pada Masyarakat Melayu Talawi Batubara

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Pantang Larang Dalam Pembuatan Tapai Pada Masyarakat Melayu Talawi Batubara PANTANG LARANG DALAM PEMBUATAN TAPAI PADA MASYARAKAT MELAYU TALAWI BATUBARA SKRIPSI DIKERJAKAN OLEH : MUHAMMAD FADIL HAKIM NIM : 150702035 PROGRAM STUDI SASTRA MELAYU FAKULTAS ILMU BUDAYA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2019 1 Universitas Sumatera Utara 2 Universitas Sumatera Utara i Universitas Sumatera Utara ii Universitas Sumatera Utara iii Universitas Sumatera Utara PANTANG LARANG DALAM PEMBUATAN TAPAI PADA MASYARAKAT MELAYU TALAWI BATUBARA OLEH: MUHAMMAD FADIL HAKIM ABSTRAK Penelitian .ini mengenai Pantang Larang Dalam pembuatan Tapai Pada Masyarakat Melayu Talawi Batubara. Penelitian ini. bertujuan untuk mengetahui makna dan bentuk pantang larang dalam pembuatan tapai pada masyarakat Melayu Batubara, serta makna pantang larang apa saja yang terdapat di dalam pembuatan tapai pada masyarakat Melayu Batubara, dan mengetahui .makna pantang larang dalam pembuatan tapai pada masyarakat. Melayu Batubara. Adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah peneliltian kualitatif .dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Berdasarkan metode penelitian tersebut diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: Bentuk dan makna pantang larang dalam pembuatan tapai .pada masyarakat Melayu Batubara, serta makna pantang larang yang terdapat dalam pembuatan tapai pada masyarakat Melayu Batubara. ………………………………………………………… Kata Kunci:Folklor, Pantang larang, Pembuatan Tapai……………………… iv Universitas Sumatera Utara KATA PENGANTAR Puji syukur kehadirat Allah Subhanahu Wa.. Ta’ala yang telah memberikan rahmat-Nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar Sarjana Sastra pada program studi Sastra Melayu Fakultas Ilmu budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan.HHH Skiripsi ini berjudul: Pantang Larang Dalam Pembuatan Tapai Pada Masyarakat Melayu Talawi Batubara. Untuk memperoleh gambaran yang jelas dan menyeluruh dalam skripsi ini penulis memaparkan rincian sistematika sebagai berikut: Bab I berisi tentang pendahuluan, .yang terdiri atas latar belakang, rumusan masalah, tujuan penelitian, manfaat penelitian dan defenisi operasional pantang larang. Bab II membahas tentang .kajian yang relevan dibagi atas, kosmologi masyarakat Melayu Batubara, teori dan pendekatan. Bab III membahas tentang metode .penelitian, dibagi atas metode dasar, lokasi penelitian, instrumen penelitian, dan metode analisis data. Bab IV membahas tentang tahap-tahap dan pantangan pembuatan tapai pada masyarakat Melayu Batubara, serta makna dan tujuan adanya pantang larang di dalam pembuatan tapai pada masyarakat Melayu Batubara. Bab V berisi tentang kesimpulan dan saran.……. Penulis.menyadari bahwa skripsi penelitian ini belum .sempurna. Oleh karena itu, dengan kerendahan hati penulis mengharapkan kritik dan saran yang bersifat membangun dari para pembaca. FIFRUFH.RUKG Medan, Penulis, Muhammad Fadil Hakim ii Universitas Sumatera Utara ابسترک ڤ نل ي ت ين اي ن مڠناءي ڤ ان تڠ ﻻرڠ دالم ڤ م بوات ن ت اڤ اي ڤ د مشارک ت مﻻي و ت اﻻوي ب ات وب ار۔ ڤ نل ي ت ين اي ن ب رت وجوان اون توق مڠ تاهوءي مع نا دان ب ن توق ڤ ان تڠ ﻻرڠ دالم ڤ م بوات ن ت اڤ اي ڤ د مشارک ت مﻻي و ب ات وب ار، سرت ا معنا ڤ ان تڠ ﻻرڠ اڤ ساج ي ڠ ت رداڤ ت ددالم ڤ م بوات ن ت اڤ اي ڤ د مشارک ت مﻻي و ب ات وب ار۔ اداڤ ون جن يس ڤ نل ي ت ين ي ڠ دݢ وناک ن اداله ڤ نل ي ت ين ک وال ي تات يف دڠن ڤ ندک تن دسكرڤ تف۔ ب رداسرک ن ص يل مي تودى ڤ نلي تين ت رس بوت دڤ راول يه حا س باݢ اي ب ري كوت: ب ن توق دان معنا ڤ ان تڠ ﻻرڠ دالم ڤ م بوات ن ت اڤ اي ڤ د مشارک ت مﻻي و ب ات وب ار، سرت ا معنا ڤ ان تڠ ﻻرڠ ي ڠ ت رداڤ ت دالم ڤ م بوات ن ت اڤ اي ڤ د م شارک ت مﻻي و ب ات وب ارا Medan, Penulis, Muhammad Fadil Hakim iii Universitas Sumatera Utara UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH Dalam penyelesaian skripsi ini penulis mendapat banyak bimbingan, petunjuk saran dukungan dan bantuan dari berbagai pihak. Pada kesempatan ini, dengan kerendahan hati yang tulus dan ikhlas penulis mengucapkan terimakasih kepada : 1. Bapak Dr. Budi Agustono, M.s selaku Dekan fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara. 2. Ibu Dr. Rozanna Mulyani, M.A selaku Ketua Program Studi Sastra Melayu Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara dan juga selaku pembimbing I penulis, yang telah banyak mengorbankan waktu dan tenaga serta memberikan perhatiannya untuk membimbing penulis dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini. 3. Ibu Dra. Mardiah Mawar Kembaren, M.A,Ph.D, selaku sekretaris Program Studi Sastra Melayu Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara. 4. Bapak/Ibu staf pengajar ataupun pegawai di lingkungan Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara yang telah mendidik penulis baik lisan maupun tulisan. 5. Terkhusus dan paling teristimewa kepada kedua orang tua penulis Suyadi Syahputra dan Isa Nila Wati yang telah mengorbankan waktu, tenaga, pikiran, dan air mata untuk penulis dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini. v Universitas Sumatera Utara 6. Kepada adik dan Kakak penulis Ade Maharani, Kak Tia, kak Indah, Bang Efi, Bang Darma yang telah memberikan dorongan dan masukan atas kendala yang dialami penulis dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini. 7. Semua rekan-rekan seperjuangan stambuk 2015, Dara, Nuja, Nawi, Guntur, Nuri, Raka, Rambe, Juli, Syirri, Situmeang, Suhaima, Atika, Angela, Latif, Abau, Dayat, Bedah, Dedek, Fitri, Sari, Icil, Mela, Netti, Ilham, Nuri, Risa, Rocky, Umma, Ega, Yusri, Wiwin, Nining, Melati, Ika, Liza, Budianto, Niam, Tomy yang telah berjuang bersama dan memberikan bantuannya kepada penulis. Semoga sukses semua teman- temanku, IMSAM “Ahooii”. 8. Kepada rekan-rekan tata usaha Bang Prayogo S.S, Kak Tri, yang telah memotivasi penulis agar tetap semangat dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini. 9. Kepada sahabat tersayang Adi Gunawan S.si telah memotivasi penulis dalam penyelesaian skripsi ini. 10. Kepada teman penulis Fitri Yani Pasaribu S.Si, Sry Rahayu Novita Panjaitan S.Si, Dwi Khairani S.Si, Elvi Zahara S.Si yang telah membantu dalam penyusunan skripsi. 11. Kepada adik-adik Animal House Wina, Wardah, Atun, Olvita yang telah menghibur dalam mengerjakan skripsi ini. 12. Kepada adinda junior Sastra Melayu Stambuk 17, 18, 19, 20 terimakasih dinda atas doa dan dukungan adinda sekalian yang telah mendukung penulis dalam mengerjakan skripsi ini dengan baik. vi Universitas Sumatera Utara 13. Kepada seluruh pihak yang tidak bisa penulis sebutkan satu persatu yang telah membantu dan memberikan semangat dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Akhir kata atas bantuan dari semua pihak, penulis mengucapkan terimakasih yang sebanyak-banyaknya , berkat bantuan dari semua pihak skripsi ini terselesaikan dengan baik. Semoga skripsi ini bermanfaat bagi kita semua. Medan, Penulis, Muhammad Fadil Hakim vii Universitas Sumatera Utara DAFTAR ISI ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................. iv KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................ ii UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH .................................................................................... v DAFTAR ISI……………………………………………………………………..... s BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN ...................................................................................... 1 1.1 Latar Belakang ....................................................................................... 1 1.2 Batasan Masalah ..................................................................................... 4 1.3 Rumusan Masalah .................................................................................... 4 1.4 Tujuan Penelitian ...................................................................................... 5 1.5 Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................................... 5 1.6 Defenisi Operasional ............................................................................... 6 1.6.1 Pantang Larang. ................................................................................... 6 1.6.2 Tapai .................................................................................................... 7 1.6.3 Masyarakat Melayu Batubara ............................................................... 7 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................. 9 2.1 Kajian Yang Relevan ................................................................................... 9 2.2 Kosmologi Masyarakat Melayu Batubara ......................................... 11 2.3 Deskripsi Lokasi Penelitian ......................................................................... 12 2.3.1 Luas Dan Topografi Kecamatan ........................................................... 12 2.3.2 Keadaan Penduduk ............................................................................... 13 2.2.1 2.4 Teori Dan Pendekatan ................................................................ 15 2.4.1 Teori Folklor ......................................................................................... 15 2.4.2 Interpretasi Semiotik ............................................................................. 18 BAB III METODE PENELITIAN....................................................................... 20 3.1 Metode Dasar .............................................................................................. 20 3.2 Lokasi Penelitian ......................................................................................... 21 3.3.Instrumen Penelitian .................................................................................... 21 3.4.Metode Pengumpulan Data ......................................................................... 21 viii Universitas Sumatera Utara 3.4.1 Observasi ............................................................................................
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