October 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 33879

So, there will be at least three rollcall NOMINATIONS title 10, United States Code, with a view to votes tomorrow and there may be more. designation as Medical Omcers, under the Executive nominations received by the provisions of section 8067, tltle 10, United I would say that upon the final dis- Senate October 3, 1974: position of S. 4016 tomorrow no fur- States Code: ther rollcall votes are anticipated tomor- OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET MEDICAL CORPS row. Paul H. O'Neill, of Virginia, to be Deputy To be cdond Director of the Ofñce of Management and a parliamentary in- Nash, George W., xxx-xx-xxxx Mr. President, Budget. (New position.) quhy. Schmidt, John Z., xxx-xx-xxxx The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- IN THE Am FORCE To be Zieütenant cotonel Col. William A, Orth, xxx-xx-xxxx R, for ator will state it. Acevedo, Julio F., xxx-xx-xxxx appointment as permanent professor, U.S. the Calcagni, John A., xxx-xx-xxxx Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Under of Air Force Academy, under the provisions Laborati, Juan C., xxx-xx-xxxx order entered, the motion to refer which United States Code. section 9333, title 10, Mills, Billy G., xxx-xx-xxxx will be voted on at 1:30 p.m. tomorrow, The following-named Air Force ofñcers for to a tabling motion, Rapatz, Edward R., xxx-xx-xxxx would not be subject promotion in the Air Force Reserve, under Silver, James A., xxx-xx-xxxx arn I correct? the provisions of sections 8376 and 593, title The following-named omcer for appoint- The PRESIDING OFFICER. If the re- 10, United States Code: ment as a reserve of the Air Force, in the quest is that the vote shall be on the LINE OF THE AIR FORCE grade indicated, under the provisions of adoption of that motion, it would, I am Lieutenant colonel to colonel section 593, title 10, United States Code: advised, not be subject to a tabling mo- Vissotzky, Raymond W., xxx-xx-xxxx LINE OF THE AIR FORCE tion. LINE OF THE AIR FORCE To be lieutenant coionel was the Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. That Major to lieutenant COZond Swingle, Alfred R., xxx-xx-xxxx understanding of all parties, so I make The following-named officer for appoint- such request. Adams, John H., xxx-xx-xxxx Barbay, Lawrence, xxx-xx-xxxx ment in the reserve of the Air Force The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without (ANGUS) Bowman, William R., xxx-xx-xxxx , iii the grade indicated, under the objection, it is so ordered. Brady, Ronald L., xxx-xx-xxxx provisions of sections 593, 8351 and 8392, Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD, Now, on the Byrne, Thomas E., xxx-xx-xxxx title 10, United States Code: amendment to be offered in the nature Richmond, James R., xxx-xx-xxxx LINE OF THE AIR FORCE of a substitute, it was the intention that Stocker, Henry, xxx-xx-xxxx To be cotonet that amendment not be subject to a MEDICAL CORPS Murphy, Francis J., xxx-xx-xxxx tabling motion. Mceee, James W., IV, xxx-xx-xxxx The following-named ofñcers for appoint- The PRESIDING OFFICER. If it is on Palmer, Jaques J., xxx-xx-xxxx ment as a reserve of the Air Force, in the the adoption of the substitute, without BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES CORPS grade indicated, under the provisions of sec- tions 593 and 1211, title 10, United States objection, it will not be subject to ta- Johnson, Arthur L., xxx-xx-xxxx Code: bling. The following-named persons for appoint- ment as reserve of the Air Force, in the grade LINE OF THE AIR FORCE Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Very well. indicated, under the provisions of section To be coronet Then, Mr. President, the right to table 593, title 10, United States Code, with a view Shaddix, Willis J., xxx-xx-xxxx all other amendments, to designation as a medical officer, under the motions and ap- DENTAL peals would be preserved under the or- provisions of section 8067, title 10, United CORPS der. States Code: To be cotonel MEDICAL CORP Watt, Robert S., xxx-xx-xxxx The PRESIDING OFFICER. That is S correct. To be Colonel Armstrong, Raymond G., xxx-xx-xxxx Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. I thank the CONF'IRMATIONS Betts, Stanley L., xxx-xx-xxxx Chair. Childers, Leland E., xxx-xx-xxxx Executive nominations confirmed by Goslin, Frederick B., xxx-xx-xxxx - the Senate October 3, 1974: Jannett, Andrew F., xxx-xx-xxxx DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ADJOURNMENT TO 9 A.M. Jones, Otis W., xxx-xx-xxxx . Schultz, Morris A., xxx-xx-xxxx Lynn Adams Greenwalt, of Maryland, to be TOMORROW Smith, Herbert T., xxx-xx-xxxx Director of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, Young, Robert M., xxx-xx-xxxx IN THE ARMY if there be no further business to come To be Zieittenant coZonet Gen. Frederick Carlton Weyand, xxx-xx-x... , Army of the United States (major gen- before the Senate, I move, in accordance Nash, George W., xxx-xx-xxxx Schmidt, John Z., xxx-xx-xxxx eral, U.S. Army), for appointment as Chief of with the previous order, that the Senate Staff, U.S. Army, under the provisions Silver, James A., xxx-xx-xxxx of stand in adjournment until 9 a.m. title 10, United States Code, section 3034. Stalzer, Edward V., xxx-xx-xxxx tomorrow. ('rhe above nominations were approved The The following-named persons for appoint- subject to the nominees' commitment to motion was agreed to; and at 6:46 ment as Temporary officers in the United p.m. the Senate respond 1;o requests to appear and testify adjourned until tomor- States Air Force, in the grade indicated, un- before any duly constituted committee of row, Friday, October 4, 1974, at 9 a.m. der the provisions of sections 8444 and 8447, the Senate.)

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

A TRIBUTE TO THE NATIONAL range objectives of the society, these men The National Slovak Society knew the SLOVAK SOCIETY proved themselves to be far ahead of need of its people and when it was estab- their time. lished it vowed "to protect the widowed, HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS Life was hard iii 1890 for immigrants orphaned , sick, disabled, distressed, and to the United States. Work, particularly aged" among its OF PEN members. Remember, NSYLVANIA in the mines and mills of heavy industrial gentlemen, this was in 1890-84 years IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES areas where many Slovaks settled, was ago. To date, the National Slovak Society Thursday, October 3, 1974 extremely hazardous. There were few, if has distributed millions of dollars to its any, Federal social Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today programs for people. sick and disabled. It has disbursed mil- to commend an organization which ob- There was no medicare, social security, lions more in death benefits. It has gone served the 84th anniversary of its found- job safety, or pension protection. Because beyond its objective by substantial ex- ing during a recent convention in the city of the risk involved, many commercial in- penditures for educational, literary, cul- of Pittsburgh, Pa. surance companies refused to sell policies tura:, and patriotic purposes. The National Slovak Society was to these workers. If a man was killed or In contrast, I might point out, the Fed- founded February 16,1890, in Pittsburgh crippled on his job, his widow and family eral Government did not pass legislation and it is interesting to note today the receive no benefits. They were forced creating similar programs for all Ameri- foresight demonstrated by the group's to depend on relatives, friends, or neigh- cans until some time later. For example, original leaders. In establishing the long- bors just to survive. social security came into existence in the 33880 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 3, 1974 1930's, medicare in the 1960's, health and who came to the United States in 1888. ones which also might cause a rise in un­ safety laws for workers in the early A journalist, he used his writings to gen­ employment. As a result, the authorities have 1970's, and pension benefits were not erate Slovak interest in a single socie_ty been reluctant to act. To what might be guaranteed until September 2, 1974. and, gradually, his efforts bore fruit. Fi­ called the conventional wisdom on the issue, I would also like to note that long ago we hereby set forth a contrary opinion. In nally, on February 16, 1390, delegates our view, unemployment, properly analyzed, the Slovak people demonstrated their from several small assemblies gathered Is not a major problem in this country. Fur­ love and loyalty to the United States. in Pittsburgh, formed the National Slo­ thermore, the unemployment rate could rise The threads of their contributions to the vak Society and elected Mr. Rovnianek its substantially without caur;ing significant eco­ heritage of t.his country are woven into first president. Among those attending nomic hardship. the tapestry of Americana, from the War that first convention was Mr. John Full employment is usually defined as un­ of Independence to the present; from Rybar, a representative from the Slovak employment which does not exceed 3 %-4.5 % . Maj. Jan Ladislav Polerecky to Astro­ assembly in Braddock, Pa., wh'ch is part As of last month, the unemployment rate naut Eugene A. Cernan. Major Polerecky was 5.3%. In consequence, many believe that of my 20th Congressional District. joblessness is already "too high,'' and that was among those Slovaks who helped Mr. Speaker, as a Slovak American and anti-inflationary policies such as tight money America win her freedom. He later be­ a member of the NSS, I take great pride or tax increases would only worsen an al­ came a citizen and his naturalization in citing the accomplishments of the ready bad situation. However, the unemploy­ papers were signed by the man who bold­ Slovak people to the Congress of the ment rate for all civilian workers (which ly scrawled .his signature on the Declara­ United States. As a Member of that Con­ yields the 5.3 % figure) may not be an ap­ propriate measure of economic discomfort. tion of Independence, John Hancock. gress,~ I am equally proud to extend, on Commander Cernan, of course, was part For one thing, as Table I indicates, the un­ behal:.. of my colleagues, formal con­ employment rate for males aged 20 years of the Apollo space program and his sig­ gratulations to the estimated 2 million and over is significantly below the total rate, nature, in the shape of footprints, has Slovak Americans for their contributions as it has been for the past decade. Despite been left for eternity in the dust of the to the growth of our Nation. recent sociological trends, this group still Moon. constitutes the nation's breadwinners. Hence, However, Slovaks did not begin to to report a rate cf unemployment of 5.3% migrate to America in great numbers un­ is to overstate the case. til the last half of the 19th century. At BUGABOO OF JOBLESSNESS Even if one views recent sociological trends the time, they found America comprised as significant, Table I still provides evidence to support the contention that 5.3 % 1s an of strangers among strangers. Almost of HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARS .. NO inflated figure. The unemployment rate necessity, because of cultural and social among household heads can be substituted bonds, each nationality sought the com­ OF CALIFORNIA for the figure given above. This would take panionship of their own kind. Slovaks IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES into account women who support families. were no exception. But, in joining to­ Thursday, October 3, 1974 But if one uses this figure, the situation im­ gether, they planted the seeds of the Na­ proves, for unemployment among household tional Slovak Society. Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, at heads for the past 10 years has run lower the request of a constituent I am sub­ than that for men over 20. As they recognized the need for pro­ One must also look beyond the bare-bones grams to help victims of disaster and mitting the attached Barron's article for the RECORD: unemployment rate and examine the du­ distress, the Slovaks began forming small ration of unemployment. It the average beneficial societies. Inevitably, the idea BUGABOO OF JOBLESSNESS-THE UNEMPLOY­ length of time spent out of a job is short, MENT RATE Is A POOR GUiDE TO PuBLIC little hardship results. From Table I, it can be was conceived that more could be ac­ PoLICY complished if many small groups were seen that a very small fraction of the un­ Inflation in the U.S. is currently running employed are out of work for longer than merged into one, strong organization. at a rate which most people deem unaccept­ 15 weeks. Indeed, last year the average length Among those who vigorously supported able. However, the fiscal policies that would of unemployment ran to only 10 weeks, down such a union was Peter V. Rovnianek, help dampen inflation seem to be the very from over 13 weeks a decade ago.

TABLE I.-UNEMPLOYMENT INDICATORS [In percent)

Unem- Unem- played ployed All Men Women Both House- longer Ali Men Women Both House- longer civilian 20 and 20 and sexes hold Married than 15 civilian 20 and 20 and sexes hold Married than 15 Year workers over over 16 to 19 heads men weeks Year workers over over 16 to 19 heads men weeks

1964 ______5.2 3.9 5.2 16.2 3.3 2.8 1.3 1965 ______1971__1970 ______------. 4.9 3. 5 4.8 15.2 2.9 2.6 0.8 1966 ______4.5 3.2 4.5 14.8 2.8 2.4 1.0 5.9 4.4 5. 7 16.9 3. 7 3.2 1.4 3.8 2.5 3.8 12.8 2.2 1.9 . 7 1972 ______- 5.6 4. 0 5. 4 16.2 3.3 2.8 1.3 3.8 2.3 4.2 12.9 2.1 1.8 .6 1973 ______1967------1974 ______4.9 3. 2 4.8 14.5 2.9 2.3 (1) 1968 ______3.6 2.2 3.8 12.7 1.9 1.6 . 5 5.2 3.5 5.1 15.6 3.1 2.6 1.0 1969 ____ ------3.5 2.1 3. 7 12.2 1.8 1.5 .5

1 Not available. Source: Handbook of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Lab:Jr, Bu reau of Labor Statistics. TABLE !I.-UNEMPLOYMENT RATE, DURATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT, AND AN INDEX OF UNEMPLOYMENT SEVERITY

Index of Index of employment employmenet Average duration of severity: Days of Average duration of severity: Days of Unemploy­ unemployment unemployment Unemploy· unemployment unemployment ment rate ------­ per person in the ment rate ------­ per person in that Year (percent) In weeks In days labor force Year (percent) In weeks In days labor forte

3. 5 1969 ______1964 __ ------5.2 13.3 66.5 2. 7 1970 ______3. 5 8.0 40.0 1.4 1965_ ------4.5 11.8 59.0 4.9 8.8 44.0 2.2 1966_------3.8 10.4 52.0 2. 0 1971______5.9 11.4 57.0 3.4 3.8 8.8 44.0 1. 7 1972 ______1967------1.5 19731 ______5.6 12.1 60.5 3.4 1968 __ ------3.6 8. 5 42.5 4.9 10.0 50.0 3.5

1 Calculations for 1973 are the author's. Source: Geoffrey H. Moore, "How Full is Full Employment," Washington, D.C.: American En· terprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1973. Geoffrey Moore, a noted authority on un­ hundred in the labor force, but takes no ac­ of the individual. Unemployment for a week employment and business cycles, has sought count of how long they have been unem­ or two is very different from unemployment to measure the severity of unemployment. ployed, or how long it will take them to find that lasts for months." In his book, "How Full is Full Employment," a jnb. The duration of unemployment has, In order to account :for duration a! unem­ he observed: "The unemployment rate meas­ of course, a great deal to do with the serious­ ployment, Mr. Moore has constructed a "se­ ures the number of unemployed persons per ness of the situation from the standpoint verity index," which appears in the accom-

I October 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARK~S 33881 panying Table II. The "severity index" may These two groups are biasing the unem- In view of the above, it is the author's be used as another measure of the length of ployment rate in an upward direction and belief that policy steps should be taken time an unemployed person remains in this ·thereby distorting economic policy, for, by · without undue concern over the inevitable condition. For policy purposes, the criteria ·reacting to this distortion, policy makers are rise in the unemployment rate, which, as has given above apply. If the time is long, it is fueling intlation. Since the unemployment been shown,. is simply not a valid measure a problem: if not, the "problem" is not se­ rate for heads of households is not as high of hardship. It overstates the case and vere. Table II suggests that the average as that of the total labor force, the latter is freezes fiscal and monetary policy into an length of unemployment per person in the not the proper yardstick to use for policy expansionary mode, feeding inflation and labor force is insignificant. ·decisions. Moreover, by examining Table IV disrupting the market place. The unemploy­ If unemployment were to rise, the main (page 8), one sees that in all cases since 1967, ment rate, as traditionally \•iewed, can prob­ burden would fall upon secondary and terti­ the rate of unemployment caused by job ably double without a significant damage be­ . ary wage earners. Over the past few years, the loss is less than half of the total unemploy~ ing done to the economic structure. U.S. has experienced an increase in the num­ ment rate. For 40 years, it has been this country's ber of women and teenagers coming into the Unemployment statistics rise if people lose policy to react whenever the unemployment labor force, and both groups are not usually their jobs, but they also rise if more people rate rises. It is time that horizons be ex­ .primary wage earners. quit or more people try to enter the labor panded to include new data, or fresh inter­ In addition, both groups traditionally have force. The accepted belief is that rising un­ pretations of old ones. Since the Great De­ employment rates are caused solely by people pression, major programs have been estab­ had high unemployment rates, particularly lished which serve to cushion the shock of if they are new entrants. It is this trend that being thrown out of work. This is simply unemployment.- The· basic necessfti~s of life has driven up the unemployment rate in re­ not true. As can be seen in the foregoing ar~ not denied if ol)e . lo~es his job. _ An . cent years. Table III (see page 8) shows that tables, much of the rise in the unemploy­ income "still tlows-· in. . Thus P!>licyinak~rs unemployment for men has fallen by 7.2% ment rate is due to women and teenagers should look past the unemployment rate arid over the past 10 years,· while unemployment looking for work. Unemployment due to job -focus instead upon· the havoc that is being for women has risen 24.3% and unemploy­ loss accounts for less than half of the unem­ · wrottgh..t by· an intlatfo~ that ")s not far ·fro:rp ment for tE!enagers has gone up 40.3 %. ployment for all workers. . runaway. -

TABLE 111.- UNEMPLOYMENT fin thousands)

Number of Number of Number of Number of Number of women teenagers Number of women teenagers men in the Percent in the Percent in the Percent men in the Percent in the Percent Year labor force chan ge labor force change labor force change in the Percent Year labor force change labor force change labor force change

1964 ______1, 718 -12.9 1, 195 -1.6 873 -1.1 1969 ______1965 ______1970 ______962 -3.0 1, 016 +3.1 853 +1.7 1, 435 -16.5 -11.5 864 -1.0 1, 636 +70.1 1, 347 1966 ______1, 119 -22.0 1, g~~ -13.0 836 -3.2 1971 ______+32.6 1, 105 +29.5 . 1967 ______- 1972 ______2, 085 +27.4 . 1, 650 +22.5 1, 258 . +13.8 - -5.3 I, 077 +17.1 839 +.4 1,928 - -7.5 1, 610 . -2.4 1968 ______._ _1, g~~ . -6.4 985 -8.5 839 1973 ______1, 302 +3.5 0 1, 594 -17.3 1, 485 -7.8 1, 225 -5.9

TABLE IV.- RATES OF UNE~PLOYMENT BY CAUSE

Total Rate for new unemploy­ Rate for Rate for and returning Rate for new ment rate 1 job losers job leavers entrants Rate for and returning Year job leavers entrants 1967 ------3. 8 1. 7 1971 ______: 5.9 1968.------3. 6 1. 7 1972 ______! ------~ ~ 2.'5 1. 7 1973 ______. 5. 6 2:5 1969------·- 3. 5 4. g 1970 _____ ------4.9 2. 1 19742 ______2. 2 5. 2 2. 2

1 Errors in total due to rounding. Source: Handbook of Labor Statistics. 2 June . .

GEN. FRED C. WEYAND: NEW U.S. a staff officer. He knows the intricacies of istrator, John Sawhill, to explain to Con­ ARMY CHIEF OF STAFF the international scene, having served gress and the American people how small in diplomatically sensitive positions in independent marketers of gasoline could HON. WILLIAM G. BRAY Berlin, in Paris, and, of course, in Viet­ afford to undersell their major oil com­ nam. pany competitors. My request was based OF INDIANA Secretary of the Army Callaway in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on an Associated Press wire service re­ troduced General Weyand to the Senate .port that the ·independent service sta­ Thursday, October 3, 1974 Armed Services Committee with these tions across the country were undersell­ Mr. BRAY. Mr. Speaker, many of my words: ing the branded dealers by as much as 13 colleagv.es have heard me remark that in He is the right man at the rlght place at _cents per gallon. the right time to meet a truly unique chal­ these critica! days for the Army, Gen. . lengc. Since the major oil companies have Creighton Abrams and Gen. Fred C. liistorically paid less for the gasoline they -Weyand comprised the best possible team I concur in Secretary Callaway's as~ Sell, I told.Mr. Gawhill that they may be for leading the Army. We were all sad­ sessmen~. As long as our country can pro­ ·engaged in the biggest consumer swindle dened by the loss of General Abrams; he duce men of General Weyand's stature in American history. was a . great soldier and leader. But we for positions of great responsibility in Now, Mr. Speaker, along comes Safe­ can take a great measure of comfort in the Armed Forces, we can be confident of way stores-the Nation's largest super­ the fact that General Weyand was read­ our strength, and of our continued well· ily at hand, as Vice Chief of Staff, to take being as a nation. market chain-to announce a doubling up the reins before they fell slack. of its third quarter profits, from $16.4 Today, the Senate confirmed General million in 1973 to $32 million in 1974. Weyand as Chief of Staff. I am encour­ PRICE GOUGING COULD LEAD TO Mr. Speaker, before it is too late, we aged that they acted without delay to MASSIVE CONSUMER REVOLT must wake up to the fact that the so­ confirm him for that post, so that the called economic law of supply and de­ Army can continue its progress uninter­ HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL mand has been repealed by corporate rupted. America's rush for greater and greater OF NEW YORK profits. General Weyand has the earmarks of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a great Chief of Staff. He is an experi­ How in good conscience can the ad­ enced and much-decorated combat Thursday, October 3, 1974 ministration ask the American people to leader, having served in the most trying Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, last shoulder the major burdens of inflation, days of three wars. He is well versed as week I asked the Federal Energy Admin- while corporations reap record profits? 33882 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS· October 3, 1974 Honorable people may differ as to what cheese, powdered milk and butter-milk. EQUAL PAY FOR EQUAL WORK constitutes "reasonable" profits, but 1f The Department must also change its price gouging 1s American business• policy of importing large amounts of answer to the high cost of credit and the dairy products from abroad, which, in HON. WILLIAM LEHrtfAN depressed value of stocks, then this Na­ the long run. only serve to cut American OF FLORIDA tion faces a consumer revolt the likes dairy production, adding to our already IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of which it has never before seen. burdensome economic troubles. Thursday, October 3, 1974 Accordingly, I urge support by my col­ leagues, particularly those from districts Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. Speaker, in the last in which dairying plays an important 3 weeks, I have been deluged with letters GILMAN SEEKS HELP FOR DAIRY economic role, demanding that the Sec­ from my constituents who are very con­ FARMERS retary of Agriculture promptly prepare cerned about the future of Pan Am, and and develop more acceptable solutions to rightfully so. HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN the severe problems confronted by our The questions they raise are ones for dairymen. which I have found no justifiable an­ OF NEW YORK swers. For example, why are U.S. air IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES carriers paid lower rates for carrying Thursday, October 3, 1974 TRUE PICTURE OF OIL INDUSTRY U.S. international mail while foreign air PROFITS carriers are paid Universal Postal Union Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, today, rates? along with several of my colleagues from the State of New York, I met with repre­ HON. BILL ARCHER Why are our airlines forced to pay sentatives of our State's dairy farmers OF TEXAS exorbitant landing fees abroad, while ' and representatives of the three dairy IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES foreign airlines are not subject to the same discriminatory fees when landing cooperatives serving our region, the East­ Thursday, October 3, 1974 em Milk Producers Cooperative Asso­ in the United States? ciation, Inc .• the Northeast Dairy Coop­ Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, there has Why are foreign airlines, with home eratives Federation, Inc., and Dairylea been much diseussion in this Congress bases such as France, Japan, and Saudi Cooperatives, Inc. and the press over so-called excessive Arabia, eligible to receive U.S. Export­ These three dairy cooperatives repre­ profits of the oil industry. If we are going Import Bank loans at 6 percent, while sent the majority of the dairy farmers to consider legislation to assist us in our domestic carriers must pay 12 per­ in order 2, the largest Federal order meeting the "energy crisis," we will have cent interest? milk market in the country. It is the to know the true situation of the oil in­ The Subcommittee on Transportation, first time they have come together with dustry. What is the truth? Prof. Robert chaired by my distinguished colleague their congressional representatives to R. Sterling, a professor of accounting at from Oklahoma, Mr. JARMAN, held hear­ discuss the drastic changes that have Rice University in Texas, has completed ings earlier this year on legislation to occun·ed in the costs of milk production. an independent study of the oil industry correct these inequities. The Senate This is a threat not only to the dairy profits and recently released the results Commerce Subcommittee on Aviation is farmer and the agribusiness community of these findings. I would like to enter now in the process of marking up similar but also to the consumer's assurance of the results of his study in the CoNGRES­ SIONAL RECORD: legislation. I urge my colleagues in both an adequate supply of fresh high-quality the House and the Senate to give this milk at a reasonable price. RICE PROFESSOR COMMENTS ON OIL legislation their early and favorable con­ The spiraling costs of feed grains, fer­ COMPANY PROFITS sideration. tilizers, and fuel have inflicted such se­ A Rice University professor of accounting said Saturday that oil companies, "despite Mr. Speaker, I am inserting below an vere burdens on our farmers that as general clamor to the contrary,'' have been editorial which was broadcast over many as one-third of the dairymen in earning less than the average of all other WTVJ in Miami on September 27, with New York may not be able to survive the industries. which I wholeheartedly agree: crisis facing them. Dr. Robert R. Sterling, Rice's Jesse H. Jones PAN AM DESERVES A BREAK Permit me to cite a portion of a letter Professor, said the correct profit picture of I recently received from a dairy farmer the oil industry had now been established SEPTEMBER 27, 1974. through independent research. The going h a s not been great for the in my distlict of New Hampton, Orange people of Pan American World Airways. County, N.Y. "I have no special affection for the oil industry, but I do have affection for the Pan Am reported its August profits were Last week my cow feed went to $180 per truth,'' Sterling said. down 48 per cent over a year ago. And last ton with no end in sight. Sterling stressed particularly that the true week, President Ford said "no" to a $10,000,- Imports of mllllons of pounds of cheddar­ effect of expropriations of some oil companies 000 a mont h government subsidy. type cheese alone has deflated our milk price by certain foreign governments has not yet The airline, which in 1927 began Its service whlle grain exports continue to skyrocket been fully revealed. He described this effect by flying from Key West and Havan a ... our feed prices. as "catastrophic but hidden through the and a year later moved to Miami . . . is in Our government regulations force U.S. deficiencies in the accounting system now very serious trouble. In the last decade Dairymen to produce a pure, clean product employed." after pioneering routes throughout the world to protect U.S. consumers while imports Sterling has long been a proponent of cur­ Pan Am ha-s turned from a profitable opera­ (only 10 percent of Imports are inspected) rent value accounting which would bring tion to a financial disaster. Certainly, some show 15 percent of all shipments are con­ such expropriations immediately to the sur­ of the blame is Pan Am's. But a long list of taminated with dirt, rodent hair and drop­ face in the financial statements of the com­ obstacles ... not of the airlines own doing pings and files. panies. The Sterling-proposed system would has greatly hurt the carrier. Help support good, clean dairy products be a departure from the traditional cost ac­ Mail shipments are a problem. Some for­ produced by U.S. Dairymen. For every dairy­ counting methods currently In use. eign carriers get six times what U .S. carriers man that goes out of business, many, many In support of his statement on oil company receive for carrying our mail. Pan Am figures more people in related jobs in your district earnings, Sterling gave these comparisons this cost s it $40,000,000 a year. will be put out of work. Something must be covering the 1964-1973 decade: Landin g fees pose another financial threat. done soon! U.S. rates are low ... foreign airports can be 10 YEAR (1964-73) AVERAGE RETURNS very high. This discrepancy costs Pan Am This letter describes concisely the sen­ $12,000,000 a year. timents expressed in today's meeting Loan money is st rike three. Average with our dairymen who stressed the need returns The U.S. Export-Import Bank loans m oney for immediate policy changes by the Average all other at six per cent interest to foreign airlines oil returns industries yet charges Pan Am 12 per cent. This dif­ Department of Agriculture. (percent) (percent) Although hearings will soon be con­ ferential in loans to buy airplanes costs Pan Am $7,000,000 extra for a 747 than a foreign ducted by the Department on October 8 Return on common equity ______10.9 12.4 airline would pay. in Chicago concerning the price of Return on owner's equity ______9.8 11.7 Return on owner's equity plus But the biggest blow of all is the fact that class I-fiuid milk-it is important to long term debt______8.7 10.7 Pan Am. is prohibited from fly ing from. clty our dairymen that they also look into to city in its home country. Return on total assets (or total the prices of class II-soft cheese, cream, 6.9 7. 7 It is encouraging to note that Pan Am and ice cream-and class ill-hard equities)_------employees are using their own money to Ootober 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 33883 publicize their company's plight. We agree the incentive the Pacific Northwest Trail DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM with their position. would provide for federal administrators to Forgetting a direct subsidy .•. our govern­ emphasize wilderness values in their manage· ment still has an obllgation to place Pan ment of land on either side of the trail, as Am on equal footing with favored treat­ well. HON. DAVID R. OBEY ment accorded foreign carriers . . • carriers Since most of the Washington portion of OF WISCONSIN owned, operated and subsidized by their the trail would be on existing paths and IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES governments. There's an old expression about tracks, you can already hide it. You may charity beginning at home ... this certainly even discover a better route than mine. Thursday, October 3, 1974 applies in the case of Pan Am. Backpackers must assume the burden of Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, late in 1973 leadership in creating America's Nat ional the Congress passed a disaster loan pro­ Trails Syst em. gram to help farmers of the United States who had suffered damages from THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST floods or other natural disasters, and the NATIONAL SCENIC TRAIL President signed it into law. Many farm­ MILL RACE HISTORICAL VILLAGE ers throughout the country benefited from Public Law 93-237, which called HON. JOEL PRITCHARD for 1 percent disaster assistance loans OF WASHINGTON HON. MARVIN L. ESCH from the Farmers Home Administration, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF MICHIGAN and a $5,000 forgiveness clause. IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES However, many farmers in Wisconsin Thu1·sday, October 3, 1974 Thursday, October 3, 1974 did not benefit from this program be­ Mr. PRITCHARD. Mr. Speaker, the cause the agency charged with admin­ following article by Mr. Ronald Strick­ Mr. ESCH. Mr. Speaker, at a time when istering the program effectively chose to land appeared in a recent issue of Back­ a great deal of our national attention is keep the program a secret. In many areas packer magazine. Mr. Strickland pro­ directed toward our country's bicenten­ only limited publicity was given to this poses the creation of a hiking trail which nial, I wish to make note of one example program, and in others there was no pub­ would join the Appalachian and Pacific of patriotic industry that can be found licity at all. In some instances where Crest Trails in the National Trail Sys­ in the Second District of Michigan. The farmers were aware of the program, ad­ tem. At a time when people are calling people of Northville, with much effort ministrative bungling and lack of knowl­ for both increased use and protection of and enthusiasm, have begun work on a edge of the program itself deprived our national resources, I submit thi::; arti­ project to coincide with the Nation's Bi­ many, many farmers from participating cle for my colleagues attention: centennial called the Mill Race Historical in it. YOUR SUPPORT Is NEEDED FOR THE PACIFIC Village. Under the auspices of the North­ I have been in touch with the Secre­ NORTHWEST SCENIC ThAn. ville Historical Society and its president, tary of Agriculture and the administra­ (BY-Ronald Gibson Strickland) James B. Harris, the people of Northville tor of the FMHA in Wisconsin on this I propose that Congress create a Pacific have raised funds from various sources problem for quite some time. The De­ Northwest National Scenic Trail from the in order to preserve several architectural partment of Agriculture indicated that Continental Divide to the Pacific Ocean. This structures illustrative of the town as it they would do a thorough investigation trail would join the Appalachian and the was in the years 1840 through 1890. In of the situation, but a final report on that Pacific Crest Trails in the National Trail some cases, it has meant acquiring au­ investigation is long overdue and appears System. thentic buildings still standing, moving to be little more than a whitewash. No other region of our country is so well them to a 7.5-acre site close to the pres­ endowed as the Pacific North west with mag­ The fact is that the problem with the nificent hiking country suitable for a new ent center of Northville, and restoring administration of the disaster loan pro­ national trail. And perhaps nowhere else them. In other cases, consideration is still gram is just one example of the chaos can hiker's pent-up demand for new trails in progress on structures that will be which now reigns at the FMHA in Wis­ be so well accommodated. Imagine taking a appropriate. Finally, plans have been consin. People are disgusted with the hike from the Continental Divide near fabu­ formulated to construct buildings that FMHA and the programs which promise lous Boulder Pass in Glacier National Park cannot be acquired by other means. In help but produce headaches. acros:J the Northwest's mountains, deserts the end, Mill Race Village will consist and river valleys to Olympic National Park's I have asked Secretary Butz to remove Pacific Beach. From well above treeline to of eight structures representative of Vic­ the administrator of the FMHA in Wis­ luxuriant forests, from one inland wilder­ torian-era Northville, including a library, consin, simply so that the agency, and ness area to another, to the most mysterious general store, blacksmith shop, school, the programs which it sponsors, can once of all wildernesses-the sea-will someday and several residences. All the buildings again regain the public credibility it de­ stretch a dream trail, a passionate walker's will be refurbished and stocked with ac­ serves. trail. couterments which typify the era. However, the Department of Agricul­ It will be as much as possible a wilderness However, it is not the intention that ture is thus far unwilling to recognize trail with relatively difficult access, relative­ these buildings merely stand as curiosi­ ly few signs and shelters, and relatively great its responsibility for the mismanagement attention given in planning to its walkers' ties, howeve.: fascinating as such they of the disaster loan program in Wis­ potential wilderness experience. might be. The society plans that these consin, and is evidently willing to let It will be a trail of superb backpacking­ buildings be used, become not only a sym­ farmers pay for the mistakes of FMHA not pale, bland, crowded trail slumming­ bol of the past, but very much a part of persmmel. I cannot buy that. Therefore, but adventurous frontier walking. Today the Northville of today. For instance, the Mr. Speaker, I am introducing in the there is a great obligation upon those who school will be available to elementary House today a bill to reopen the disaster would create a new natonal scenic trail to school teachers for educational activities, loan program so those who were legiti­ avoid the mistakes of the past. Overcrowd­ mately eligible to apply for such loans ing, poor design and location, determination and the old library building will serve of wilderness values and rampant vandalism as a community meeting house and can do so. To be eligible farmers must can all be minimized if enough thought, ded· museum. have suffered damages from natural dis­ icat ion, and money are devoted to the Pa­ asters between December 26, 1972 and cific Northwest Trail. I strongly believe that It appears to me that in the Mill Race April 20, 1973. creating a new trail to serve the geometrical­ Village, the community of Northville and I ask that a copy of the bill appear at ly growing numbers of backpackers need not its historical society have captured the the end of my remarks, as well as a copy be a disservice to the country t hrough which very best of the spirit of the Nation's of my most recent letter to Secretary that t1·an passes. Bicentennial: by utilizing a proud herit­ Butz. In fact, in addition to its other values, the age, they are helping to create a better H.R. 17034 creat ion of this trail would help to protect A bill to extend the deadline for seeking m an y fine roadless areas that are now in community for today. I am proud to have the privilege of representing the city of assist ance with regard to disast er relief danger of development. The National Trails under the Consolidated Farm and Rural Act of 1968 provides some direct protection Northville, Mich., whose citizens are Development Act for every foot path designated as a national working to build a living memorial to Be it enacted by the Senate and House of scenic trails. Even more helpful would be our Nation's anniversary. Represent atives of the United St ates of 33884 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 3, 1974 America in Congress assembled, That, with I have reason to believe, for example, that not to promote the real estate guaranteed regard to all disasters occurring on or after the persons in charge of the audit were not loan program because it would deplete December 27, 1972, the Secretary of Agricul­ aware of, or chose to ignore, basic and high­ FmHA sources for other types of FmHA loans. ture shall extend for 45 days after the date ly important facts which clearly show just They were told they could contact bankers of enactment of this Act the deadline for how badly that program was administered on other aspects of loan programs. seeking assistance under section 321 of the in Wisconsin. These include the fact that (1) Such lack of enthusiasm for certain pro­ Consolidated Farm and Rural Development at a briefing for county agents in February, Act. grams by FmHA is not unique. An assistant 1974 in which FmHA personnel outlined cur­ supervisor in our county admitted that in rent FmHA programs available to Wisconsin 1972 no encouragement or assistance was HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, farmers, the disaster loan program was not given by the state FmHA office to assist 3 Washington, D.C., September 30, 1974. ever discussed; and (2) an FmHA board counties which were declared disaster areas Hon. EARL BUTZ, member submitted a written statement that because of fiooding. The local FmHA office Secretary, U.S. Department of Agriculture, he and his fellow board members were mis­ had to deal With the situation with help pro­ Washington, D.C. informed about the program by FmHA per­ vided by the ASCS. DEAR MR. SECRETARY: I feel compelled '·o sonnel. The USDA audit division people re­ The administration of the emergency loan write to you about a matter which, as you quested documentation of these charges-­ program is headed in the same direction. The know, has been of great concern to me for ajter you were briefed on this situation, after Secretary of the Wisconsin Department of quite some time-the state of Farmers Home the audit had been totally or substantially Agriculture said last week that hundreds of Administration programs and their adminis­ completed, and even though they had been applications for FmHA loans still must be tration in the State of Wisconsin. given such documentation at least 6 week8 processed as a result of the drought last In my judgment, those programs are not prior to your Wisconsin visit. summer, and yet FmHA fieldmen are visting being administered efficiently or fairly, and I am concerned too because conversations only two farms a day. That being so, how in as a consequence, public support for the pro­ with Department personnel seem to indicate the world can farmers expect any action soon grams themselves has eroded. No public agen­ that the Department will be satisfied with on loan applications which will be made be­ cy should suffer from the type of cynical Mr. Capps' efforts to publicize the loan pro­ cause frosts last week destroyed millions of distrust which farmers, bankers and busi­ gram as long as press releases were sent out dollars of corn and soybeans? nessmen have developed for the FmHA in announcing the availability of disaster loans My files are full of complaints from con­ Wisconsin. No public official should, or could, in certain counties. It doesn't seem to matter stituents who complain that it takes 4 to continue in elective office if he or his staff to the Department that in many cases these 6 months-<>r double tha~for FmHA to maintained the same kind of non-responsive press releases were not printed, or that, in process a loan, that FmHA personnel do not posture to the public's needs that is shown, the original USDA press release sent out, show up for scheduled appointments and day after day, by the FmHA in some areas of Portage COunty was not listed as an eligible that people are told that no FmHA money is my state. And, in my judgment, the only way county when in fact it was. available after it had been promised. Some that the FmHA in Wisconsin-and the pro­ Mr. Secretary, farmers are not psychic. have been asked to bring to FmHA offices grams which it sponsors-can regain the pub­ They do not learn about programs in their information relative to their loans applica­ lic credibility it deserves, is with the removal dreams. They could not learn about the tions and when they do, they are told they and replacement of the present Administra­ disaster loan program unless the media print­ need to bring in something else. tor, Mr. Willis Capps. ed stories saying loans were available. You In short, Mr. Secretary, people cannot make Mr. Capps should be removed for two rea­ have ample evidence which indicates that plans because they do not know whether or sons: the unprofessional manner in which he the press on this program was sparse in some when they can expect a loan. And they are administers FmHA programs, and the insen­ places, and even nonexistent in others. I, for disgusted with Federal programs which sitive and unprofessional manner in which one, will find it very difficult to accept as promise help but produce headaches. he deals with the FmHA staff. The first has anything but a whitewash a report which Frankly, it would be hard to convince a resulted in a subversion of Congressional pro­ says there was adequate publicity on the great many Wisconsin residents that any­ grams, with the benefits of FmHA programs availability of the disaster loan program. thing but chaos reigns at the Wisconsin not reaching those they are intended to help. Moreover, since the Department seems un­ FmHA. I want to see that situation changed­ The second has resulted in the transfer and willing to recognize its responsibility for the and soon. resignation of experienced personnel, has dis­ mismanagement of the program and is evi­ STAFF sipated staff morale to a dangerous degree, dently willing to let farmers pay for the The intensive way Mr. Capps deals with and has made the jobs of too few people doing mistakes of FmHA personnel, I have no choice the FmHA staff can best be illustrated by too much work even more difficult. but to act within Congress in an attempt his use of a goat to degrade and demoralize to re-open that program. PROGRAMS Federal employees. The goat, named Hi D, And Mr. Secretary, the administration of has in the past been entrusted by Mr. Capps Proof of Mr. Capps' lack of ability to prop­ other FmHA programs in Wisconsin seems to the district director with the highest num­ erly administer a program is shown particu­ to leave almost as much to be desired as the ber of delinquent loans. Perhaps Mr. Capps larly in the administration of the disaster disaster loan program. finds that amusing. I do not. Nor do I think relief and guaranteed loan programs. There is, for example, a lack of information it serves any useful purpose. It is insulting Mr. Secretary, I have been in contact with about guaranteed loan programs on the part and degrading and it discourages an agency you before on the administration last win­ of bankers and farmers alike. Bankers in Su­ which is supposed to take some risks to help ter of the disaster loan program in a number perior, Poplar, Phillips and Hayward have people from doing so. It encourages a con­ of central and northern Wisconsin counties. all complained to me that they are unable servative banker mentality when something At that time, I asked that an audit of the en­ to get adequate information about loan pro· more humane is what the Congress had in tire program be conducted because people grams from the FmHA. mind. had not been informed about the program, Lack of information by FmHA personnel What would happen if the President estab­ were misinformed about the program or had causes other problems, resulting in frustra­ lished a monthly "Nose and Tusk Award" and received rude treatment when attempting to tion for those applying for FmHA programs entrusted an elephant to a Cabinet officer and increased expenses for taxpayers. apply. Information was also available which who was somehow 1n disfavor. And suppose For example, one Wisconsin Indian Tribe the elephant were given to you. Would it in­ seemed to indicate that a deliberate attempt applied for a business and industrial loan had been made to make the benefits of this crease your efficiency and heighten your through the FmHA. The application should morale or embarrass and degrade you? I con­ program available to as few people as possi­ have been for farm production loan funds, ble. tend that Mr. Capps' goat award is in the and when the state FmHA office received that same category. In response to my request, I was told that application, it should have returned it to the I have received complaints from experi­ an audit would be conducted on all aspects Tribe, advising them to resubmit the loan enced and highly trained FmHA personnel of the administration of that program in through farm production channels. That was who say that they have received ultima­ Wisconsin. However, I have since learned not done. tums-either pack their families and their that the audit which was done was not a In another case, the FmHA approved a belongings and be transferred to other complete audit at all-but only related to the $35,000 loan, to build a barn, in March, 1974. FmHA offices, or leave the agency. Some have publicity which was given to the program. The family involved was advised its money declined "promotions" in order not to move, Mr. Secretary, I know that before you came would be available in July, and further ad­ but were not allowed to do so. One em­ to Wisconsin in mid-August, you were brief­ vised by the County Supervisor to purchase ployee-put into such a squeeze-told me $8700 in steel for the barn because steel prices ed on the outcome of that audit. Unfortu­ Mr. Capps said "you're a Democrat, aren't were going to increase in April. The FmHA you? I don't want any Democrats on my nately, I have not been given a copy of that loan money has still not been made available, staff. You're going to be transferred out of final audit report--even though I was told but the family has paid $200 in interest on a here." That employee is no longer with the I would get such a copy almost two months short term loan used to buy the steel, and agencr. ago. Nonetheless, I have reason to believe the steel itself is rusting in their front yard! Mr. Secretary, I am not naive enough to that the summary of the situation as ex­ In some cases, the FmHA seems to discrimi­ think that all FmHA's problems will dis­ plained to you gave you far less than a total nate about the information that it wants appear if Mr. Capps 1s retired. Congress has picture of what went on, and that the audit to publicize. For example, I'm told that in some responsibilities in this matter, and so conclusion is-to be blun~a whitewash. one county office last year the staff was told do you. October 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 33885 In 1960 the FmHA was a. narrow-purpose from a citizen who has been unable to article dated October 1 from the Monroe agency, handling about $300 million in farm find the lids or jars at any price. Evening News. loans. Today it is a general-purpose agency, The media too has been reporting on The article follows: handling 30 or more types of loan programs SEPTEMBER 17, 1974. of importance to rural communities as a this situation which is extremely frus­ whole, and with a loan volume of $2.7 bil· trating to the thousands and thousands The Hon. LEWIS A. ENGMAN, lion. of home gardeners who had hoped to beat Chairman, Federal Trade Commission, Wash­ In Wisconsin, and throughout the coun­ the high cost of food by canning their ingtan, D.c. try, there are too few people trying to ad­ own produce. In one such account, a wo­ DEAR MR. ENGMAN! During a recent trip minister these complex programs and per­ man from Maybee, Mich., described how to the Second Congressional District I haps too little money to help all those who learned from many constituents of the she was forced to travel 150 miles into serious shortage of reusable jar lids u..<:ed need it. Canada to purchase jar lids at small I share the disappointment, expressed in primarily for the canning of home grown several House Appropl"iation Committee re­ country stores. The same account ap­ foods. This shortage-and the cost which ports, that the Office of Management and pearing in the Monroe, Mich., Evening has doubled from a. year ago when the lids Budget (OMB) has consistently refused to News tells how an Erie produce farmer were readily available-has been mentioned allow FmHA to hire the number of people may throw away 1,000 bushels of per­ by residents of the Second District at open needed to properly do its job. That is a dis­ fectly good tomatoes primarily because office hours I hold regularly and in a survey service to badly overworked FmHA employ­ of supermarket pricing being undertaken his usual customers cannot purchase by many residents of the district. ees, to the programs themselves, to Congress canning lids with which to can the pro­ which spent many hours enacting them, I believe this shortage and the incredible and most of all, to the taxpayers of this duce. cost increase demand the immediate atten­ country who are FmHA's customers. Moreover, I have been informed by tion of the Federal Trade Commission. The In the post-veto appropriation bill for FY residents of Michigan that the price of inability to purchase canning lids is espe­ 1975 which the Congress is about to enact, these lids has risen in 1 year from 19 cially discouraging for home canners who the Department is directed to convince OMB and 22 cents per dozen to over $1 per had hoped to offset the high cost of vege­ to increase FmHA's personnel consistent with dozen. Other have complained that they tables and fruits. Many are now faced with the workload increase which the agency has. have been told by supermarket workers the prospect of seeing their produce rot in If you are truly willing to fight like a backyard gardens because of the lack of wounded st eer for American farmers, that that the store managers ordered that the proper canning materials. Obviously this is is one place you can start. I am sure it will lids not be placed on the shelves for sale. an absurd situation when the government help to alleviate many of these problems. In addition, some of these people have has been encouraging the use of backyard I think the Congress ought to look more complained that there are rumors in gardens as a means of cutting food costs and closely at FmHA to see whether it is pro­ their communities of storehouses filled inflation. viding more than its share of financing for with the lids, apparently in an effort to As an indication of the extent of this rural programs. We ought to ask ourselves keep the lids in short supply and the problem I have enclosed an article from the to() whether guaranteed loan programs are price at an inflated level. September 10 issue of the Detroit News which of substantial benefit to farmers or wheth~ describes the frustration of many home we are naively pretending that farmers can The tragedy of all this is that many canners. Not only must these consumers wait borrow themselves out of debt. citizens undertook to plant gardens in in long lines to purchase jar lids, they must Nonetheless, Mr. Secretary, the situation an effort to cut food costs and also infla­ also pay a price that is more than double last in Wisconsin is serious, and I know you are tion. They were doing so at the urging year's 40-cent-a-dozen average cost. aware of many of the kinds of complaints I of our Government and now they are It may be that the shortage of canning have cited. The Department of Agriculture understandably upset with the prospect lids and jars is a result of a shortage of raw was represented at a hearing of farmers, materials or production capab11ity. I have bankers and real estate brokers in Ladysmith, of seeing their produce rot in backyard no evidence of restraint of trade being prac­ Wisconsin last week where similar problems gardens because of the lack of proper ticed by manufacturers, but I would urge are charges were aired. A promise was also canning materials. your agency to undertake a thorough and made there, by FmHA Deputy Administrator As a result of this incredible situation, expeditious study of the situation to deter­ Joseph Hanson, tha.t the FmHA would look I have asked Chairman Lewis Engman mine whether there have been any violations into these complaints. of the Federal Trade Commission to un­ for which the consumer is geing unfairly Needless to say, I would welcome an in­ dertake an investigation of this problem penalized. vestigation of the FmHA in Wisconsin, but so that consumers may know whether Finally, I hope you will give this problem I will not be satisfied-nor will the residents prompt attention with a report back to me of Wisconsin be satisfied-with a narrowly­ there have been any violations for which as soon as possible. conceived investigat ion which is designed the consumer is being unfairly penalized. Sincerely, to conclude there are no unusual or correct­ In addition, I have been assured by a MARVIN L. ESCH, able problems there. spokesman for President Ford that the Mernber of Congress. In my judgment, we need a comprehensive President and appropriate staff members no-holds-barred investigation of the FmHA have been told of my concerns and that CANNING SUPPLY VICTIM: 1,000 BUSHELS in Wisconsin. We need to permanently re­ the problem will get careful attention. I OF TOMATOES place the present Administrator, Mr. Capps. With dry weather and other problems We need a substantial increase in personnel have also received a communication from Attorney General Saxbe's office stating causing shortages of just abut everything to more quickly handle the workload. edible, Myron Jacobs may throw out 1,000 I would certainly be willing to assist the that my concerns have been referred bushels of perfectly good tomatoes. Department in any way I can in the investi­ to the Antitrust Division. The Erie produce farmer normally grows gation which is conducted, and I encourage It should be noted that I have no evi­ 3,000 to 4,000 bushels of tomatoes a year, you to give the citizens of Wisconsin an dence of restraint of trade being prac­ much of which he sells for home canning. opportunity-through public hearings-to This year, however he estimates he has make their views ou this matter known. ticed in the sale or manufacture of can­ ning lids. The high price and shortage only had about a third as many customers at Sincerely yours, his Dixie Highway farm as he had in past DAVID R, OBEY, of the lids may very well be a result of years, and of those who do come, he said, M ember of Congress. shortage of raw materials, the price may buy only one bushel with the comment freeze which could have sent tin abroad that they would buy more if they could get for a higher price, or any other number the canning lids. NO CANNING LIDS FOR SALE of variables which could affect price and As to why he doesn't give his leftover supply in a free market economy. tomatoes away to a school or orphanage in­ stead of destroying them, Mr. Jacobs said h e HON. MARVIN L. ESCH However, in view of the present bur­ tried to do that in the past but the response OF MICHIGAN dens on families and individuals as a was always that they would be glad to take IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES result of high prices I believe an them provided he would do the picking. explanation is in order to the many The farmer is not under contract to any Thut·sday, October 3, 1974 thousands of persons who have been de­ commercial canners and has not been able Mr. ESCH. Mr. Speaker, it should be nied an opportunity to can their home­ to sell any excess tomatoes t o that source. clear to many members as a result of grown produce. I look forward to sharing Mary Bacon grows tomatoes on seven acres near Maybee. their mail that the shortage of canning the results of the FTC study with my col­ She was able to sell all her t omatoes, how­ jars and lids is of epidemic proportions leagues and ask that at this point in the ever, because for $1.50 a bushel more than in the United States. Virtually each day's RECORD there be printed my letter to most others we1·e charging for t omat oes, she mail b1ings another letter to my o:ffi.ce Chairman Engman to be follmved by the included two dozen jar lids. 33886 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 3, 1974 Where did she get the almost non-existent lids? Canada. it up. On the contrary, those guns would been few working projects designed specifi­ never be confiscated. cally to help ease the demand and meet the Indicative of the shortage, however, when need. she made her first trip across the border Mr. Speaker, our forefathers recog­ about a month ago, she was able to buy nized that citizens have a basic right However, several such projects have been them right across the river from Port Huron. of defense-for the lives of their families launched in recent years by Medical Care On her second trip a couple of weeks ago, and themselves and for the protection of Development, Inc. and judging from the early however, she had to journey about 150 miles their property. The recognition was writ­ returns of an effort that began at the start inland and had to buy them in small country ten into our Constitution. of this summer, one of the keys to providing stores. Maine with needed health personnel is to Ultimately, she was able to purchase 107 Furthermore, I think that we must rec­ introduce the State to young people planning dozen lids. ognize that guns are not inanimate medical and health related careers. Why the shortage of canning jars and lids? objects that go around killing people. Because of the national movement toward One supermarket manager in Monroe said he People kill, weapons are merely the in­ the redemption of past values, many young understands there is a shortage of potash strument of the killing. People pull the people are anxious to get "back to the land" needed for making the glass jars and of those trigger. to return to a way of Ufe that they hope and that ha.ve been made, commercial packers I would like to point out that some 35 expect will be more fulfilling than urban and received :first priority. or our State constitutions recognize the suburban living. Few of them ever get the op­ As for the jar lids, the special steel needed portunity, however, to test their expectations, is being sold in foreign countries where right to bear arms. Our Founding to learn about rural living and rural careers manufacturers can get a higher price for it. Fathers set this right square in the Bill first-ha.nd, and do it without making irrevo­ Since last spring, he said, his store has of Rights and good men have been fight­ cable decisions-decisions like giving up the received only one shipment of canning sup­ ing off efforts to abridge that bill for apartment lease before finding a. place to live plies-in August--and that didn't last long. almost 200 years. in the country, or even knowing what part At present, his company is not even listing Mr. Speaker, I assure you that I will of the country they might, or might not like. such supplies in its order book. follow the lead of our Founding Fathers The reality of such decisions and the per­ "With the high cost of food," the store sistence of doubt in the face of the unknown manager commented, "it's very sad. People and use my vote in the House of Rep­ have kept many a person from moving to the have grown their own food, which is com­ resentatives to oppose any bill that would country, even though he or she may have mendable, and then they can't get the jars seek to disarm the law-abiding citizens wished for years that such a move could to can it." of this Nation. be made. In a time of shortages, people often try It is just these kinds

MCD designers and directors of the proj~ But the following article speaks for duced to the whole worldwide network of ect created it and give it their enthusiastic itself: American spying." support because, as Maine people, they are In 1970, loaded with top-secret informa~ convinced that once many of these young BOOK ON CIA Is TERMED A SECURITY BREACH tion, Marks went to work for Sen. Clifford P. health care providers get to know Maine first­ (By Col. R. D. Heinl, Jr., USMO (Ret.)) Case, R-N.J., one of CIA's and the intelli~ hand, they will be convinced that this is the WASHINGTON.-During the 14 years March gence community's most uncompromising place where they want to live and work. 23, 1955, and Sept. 2, 1969, Victor Marchetti- challengers. Not long afterward he heard Already, feedback from this summer's Pre­ once special assistant to the deputy director about Marchetti and the CIA man who ceptees indicates the validity of this con­ of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)­ couldn't write (as his lone novel, published viction. Consider the brief observations of signed at least 15 solemn pledges under oath. in 1969, abundantly demonstrates) teamed two "big-city" students from the Boston The central burden of these pledges was up with Marlts, who could. Marks probably School of Nursing, Ollie Meyers .and Linda J. clear and simple. has more animus in the matter than does Newman. In no circumstance or fashion-Victor Marchetti, whose specialty is knowing where Here is what Ollie Meyers has to say: "I set Marchetti swore not once, but over and over the bodies are buried. out to explore community health in the again-would he ever divulge the secrets or Soon after the collaboration was consum­ .towns around Augusta, and it has been a the secret intelligence which are the life­ mated in 1972, Marchetti submitted a de~ nursing inspiration for me. The more you blood of the CIA. tailed proposal for what became the book to look into communities, the more you learn Now, writing in collaboration with a former Doubleday, whose editor, Stewart Richard~ about them .... My experiences have been State Department intelligence specialist, son, declined to touch it. so varied that it is difficult to encapsulate John D. Marks, who was bound by similar "I simply didn't feel this was the sort of them all and evaluate the finished product. oaths and who has already taken the Fifth book we wanted to publish," Richardson told However, everything from discussions at the Amendment at least once during proceed­ The Detroit News. nursing school to peering into a baby's ears ings on this case, Marchetti has foresworn Following this rebuff, Marchetti took his fostered a sense of independence within me himself. He has done so by coldly setting out outline to Knopf, which-evidently less that will help me throughout my nursing in print all he knows-and it is a good deal­ squeamish where national secm·ity was in­ service . • . . The expanded role of the about the intelligence agencies and opera­ volved-quickly accepted. nurses in Maine is proving itself very well, tions of the United States. These developments had not escaped the and I have gained much knowledge of the (Attributing rare elasticity to all those CIA, already aware of leaks emanating from State, medicine, nursing and people. From oaths, Marchetti recently told viewers of Marchetti and Marks. The latter have hinted the beginning, I was open to all things in NBC's "Today Show": "The secrecy oath was the CIA simply stole and reproduced Knopf's this program, and I received much more than never intended, I don't think, to mean that files (an action probably not beyond agency one couldn't criticize the policies or practices capabilities), but informed som·ces close to I expected." the case maintain this didn't happen. And Linda Newman had these observa~ of the CIA, and give examples of what's wrong.") "Not everyone at Knopf was that enthu­ tions: siastic over the idea," commented one source "If it had not been for this program, I At any rate, for the Marchetti-Marks rev~ elations ("The CIA and the Cult of Intelli­ who asked not to be identified. might never have had the chance to meet At any rate, in April, 1972, the CIA went people I admire as much as any national gence," A.A. Knopf), the consideration re­ to court to restrain Marchetti from disclos~ "Heroes"-women like the visiting nurses, portedly amounted to a $10,000 advance on a 40,000-copy hardback first printing as well ing what clearly seemed to be U.S. intelli­ and ~amily Nurse Associates at the Family gence secrets of first magnitude. Curiously Medicine Institute in Augusta. Individuals as U.S. and international newspaper seriali­ zation. for a case involving national security in its like these that I met during my seven-week most central aspects, CIA's court action took stay in Maine charged me with excitement This case clearly represents a momentous security breach, on its face premeditated yet the form of a civil suit to restrain Marchetti and interest in nursing . . . . A thorough from breaching the contracts represented by evaluation of the program would require me wholly unpunishable, let alone remedial. It was "far more destructive than Daniel Ells­ his 15-odd sworn undertakings. to write a book, so, to make it short and to berg," somberly concluded one observer who (Legal sources explain that the World War the point, I felt my seven weeks were def­ I Espionage Act, under which such cases once initely exciting, thought provoking, at times knows a good many state secrets. To see how this came about, a brief background sum­ might have been criminally tried, is a virtual exhausting and emotionally draining, but mary is revealing. dead letter and that--save for civil action definitely worthwhile. Marchetti was no mere pilfering clerk, but such as this-the government is today power­ "I value my experience in Maine because it a $35,000-a-year CG-15 in the CIA main­ less to take effective legal action to safeguard exposed me to so m•any new and exciting stream. Through he was a staff man he was any secret.) aspects of health care. I came to Maine as an never an agent, as he sometimes represents Without pursuing the involved litigation, idealistic student, and I left it even more himself to have been. He had jobs in which idealistic. Being exposed to the working world virtually all of it behind closed doors because he saw just about everything the CIA put on of the high-voltage secrecy of the subject of rural medicine did not shatter my illu­ paper. At some point he must have decided sions. On the contrary, I saw my dreams matter, the CIA eventually was forced to quite coldbloodedly that what he was see­ withdraw objection, for tactical reasons, on being put into action!" ing would interest the wide world beyond Precisely. It is just such introductions to 171 passages. U.S. District Judge Albert v. the walls of CIA Headquarters in Langley, Bryan, on what seems an extraordinary view the realities of Maine that the Multidisci~ Va. From then on he began making-and no plinary Preceptorships Project was designed of government security procedures, ruled doubt taking-records, as months and years that 141 more (the most hotly contested) to provide. There are many statements like went by. They now surface in his writings those of Ollie Meyers and Linda Newman were not properly classified, although senior and in the countless damaging, gossipy al­ CIA officials unanimously said they were. which indicate the project is working. In lusions that his publishers, animated by the final analysis, of course both the people Bryan's ruling is being vigorously appealed similar patriotism, have printed from place by an appalled CIA, which feels its back is of Maine and the health-care providers who to place in boldface type so no 1·eader can return here to stlay will benefit. to the wall, not only insofar as the present fail to be titillated. disclosures are concerned, but becaustl it will When Marchetti resigned from the agency lose all future power of enforcing secrecy in 1969, swearing one final secrecy oath as among its more than 15,000 employes. SECURITY BREACH IN RECENT meaningless as his others, he had quite a CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY bundle and meant to exploit it. But there (During a recent TV appearance, Marchetti "INSIDE STORY" was one catch: Marchetti couldn't then, and gloated, "There are now other CIA agents stillreaUy can't write. writing books.") After trying his apprentice hand in the Going beyond the serialized material, which HON. WILLIAM G. BRAY hard world of the freelance, Marchetti seem~ appears more sensational than it really is, OF INDIANA ed to be getting nowhere, save perhaps for the case already has caused an obvious deg­ radation of security. Secret briefs, reproduced IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a little magazine-exposure and a TV show or two in which he first displayed a pro­ in 25 copies, have been made available to Thursday, October 3, 1974 pensity for dropping off bits of classified lawyers, law clerks and court reporters. Ma­ information which naturally got back to terial which was so "hot" that the CIA is Mr. BRAY. Mr. Speaker, the follow­ CIA. said to have had to issue special clearances ing column that appeared in the July 7, Marchetti did, however, attract the notice even to its own team pursuing the case is 1974, Detroit News by Col. Robert D. of Marks, a former State employe who ad­ now stored in desk drawers or old-fashioned Heinl, Jr., puts into perspective a recent mits he beat the draft by working as a gov­ courtroom safes. These are guarded if at widely publicized book that supposedly ernment civilian for 18 months in Vietnam. all, by night watchmen or bailiffs 'rather tells what really goes on inside the CIA. Despite his limited background, Marks­ than the electronic surveillance, patrols and bright and ~rticulate by all accounts-then special alarm systems at Langley. The authors, as Colonel Heinl notes, took on a job surprisingly near the top of More fundamentally than even specific se­ stand condemned as having violated the State Department's sensitive Bureau of curity breaches, however, the Marchetti­ their sworn oaths of secrecy. What they Intelligence and Research. There he stayed Marks expose raises certain questions and were after, I do not know. long enough, in his own words, to be "intro- begs others: 33888 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Octobe1" 3, 1974 With a sanctimony inconsistent for those We plead guilty, of actively having pre­ In fact we wouldn't need to have taken who willfully break the most solemn oaths vented the outflow of more than !our hun­ up a collection to run this ad. and ethical commitments a man can make, dred million dollars a year from the Amer­ THE 32,500 EMPLOYEES OF PAN AM. the two authors preach at what they call ican balance of payments, and of kicking the "wrong secret interference with other them directly Into the nation's economy. (By Authority of Captain Terrence Beas­ governments." We plead guilty, of having flown two­ ley, First omcer James Hotchkiss and Flight "Just because the Russians do it," said million American servicemen out of Viet Engineer Dennis Panzer for the Aware Marchetti, "is no reason why we should do Committee of the Employees of Pan Ameri~ Nam on five day combat leaves, on a cost­ can.) it." This is simply a plea for unilateral Amer~ plus one dollar contract. We admit also, ican disarmament, 1n the intell1gence battle, providing the Defense Department a fleet of (The opinions expressed herein are strictly vis-a-vis Russia. After all, decades before perfectly maintained, fully crewed airplanes those of the employees and do not neces­ the CIA was conceived, the Soviets were that were used extensively in World War II, sarily represent the o1ficial position of the maintaining the world's most powerful secret management of Pan American World Air­ Berlin, Korea and Indo China. ways, Inc.) intelligence agency which routinely plotted, We plead guilty, of overtly supporting the and often achieved, the overthrow of victim American aerospace industry. Pan Am was or adversary governments, organizations or the first to operate the flying boats, the individuals. Intercontinental 707s and the Jumbo 747s. POLITICAL REPRESSION IS Marchetti Ignores the policy purposes ot We cannot say, at this point in time, how SAVAGE IN CUBA the CIA operations he describes, just as he many billions of dollars have been gener­ does the fact that no CIA operation of any ated by foreign airlines following our leader­ consequence ever takes place save on au~ ship In the purchase of these new airplanes. HON. PHILIP M. CRANE thorization by the White House and usually We plead guilty, of having once been an OF ILLlNOIS by the National Security Council. enormously successful private enterprise. We IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES What these disclosures do raise, in most admit also, falllng to report a crime, as it irreconcilable form, is the age-old confiict was taking place. The men and women of Thursday, October 3, 1974 between the need for government secrecy and Pan Am have watched their great airline Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, there is the people's right to know. being reduced, over the last decade, from a much discussion at the present time to Even Britain, the font of Anglo-Saxon healthy, contributing, national resource, to the effect that the United States should liberties, has its Official Secrets Act, with a poor, paralyzed, potential welfare patient. sharp teeth in it for the likes of Marchetti Finally, we've been bled white by this recognize the Cuban Government of and Marks. recent oil crisis business . . . Fidel Castro, initiate trade with that Still more to the point, it is easy but un­ Now we're In trouble, and we think that country, and, in the spirit of "detente," pleasant to imagine what Russia would do the American people can see why, merely by welcome it back into the family of to a pair of KGB agents caught writing such asking a few simple questions of our own nations. a work. It is also easy to imagine what a government. Those who present this thesis seem to triumph it would be for the United States Ask our own government, first of all, why misunderstand the basis for our present lf such an expose of the KGB reached Wash­ the Postal Department pays the foreign air~ Cuban policy. It is not the United States ington. lines as much as five times what it pays Pan Hardly anybody would welcome a U.S. offi­ Am for hauling the same U.S. mall. Not re­ which has isolated Cuba, but the Com­ cial secrets act, least of all the American ceiving the same pay for the same work munist government of that country press and publishing trade. If, some fine day, costs Pan Am thirty-five million dollars a which has, through its actions, isolated such a law is enacted, It can only have been year. itself. provoked by Daniel Ellsberg and by certain Ask our own government, why nothing Cuba continues to train and to arm newspapers which rammed the Pentagon is ever done about overseas airports that guerrilla fighters who are actively en­ Papers into print, and-beyond any doubt-­ charge Americans exorbitant landing fees. gaged in efforts to overthrow legitimate by Marchetti, Marks, and A. A. Knopf. Qantas Airlines, for example, pays under governments throughout Latin America three hundred dollars to land their Jumbo 747 in San Francisco. Pan Am pays forty two as well as in other parts of the world, PAN AM'S CASE FOR SURVIVAL AND hundred dollars to land in Sydney, Australia. particularly the southern part of Africa. GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES Not paying foreign governments the same Cubans have, for example, been active in user fees that their airlines pay in America the terrorist movements in Mozambique custs Pan Am twelve million dollars a year. and Portuguese Guinea. HON. ROBERT J. HUBER Ask our own government, why the U.S. In their efforts to change American OF MICHIGAN Export-Import Bank loans money to airlines policy toward Cuba, many in our country IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of ''underdeveloped" nations, like France, have shown themselves to be indifferent Thursday, October 3, 1974 Japan and Saudi Arabia, at six percent to the repressive regime which Fidel Cas­ interest while Pan Am pays twelve percent. tro has inflicted upon the Cuban people. Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, recently Their low interest loans are used to buy In an important column concerning some employees of Pan Am took out a airplanes that they use to compete against political repression in today's CUba, Jack full-page ad in the newspapers pointing Pan Am. Not allowing Pan American access Anderson reports that his information out the difficulties their firm is encoun­ to these same interest rates means that we describes a situation in which "the food tering in competing with foreign air­ pay seven mllllon dollars more than the in Cuban prisons is scarcely enough for lines, who are given certain benefits by foreign airlines for the same Jumbo jet. survival. At LaCabana Fortress Prison, Ask our own government, why it is op­ our Federal Government to which Pan­ posed to letting Pan Am fly passengers 160 men were crowded into galleries Am is not entitled, and at the same time within our own country . . . it just doesn't without windows, nothing but an iron coping with rising fuel prices. Since Pan make sense. The domestic airlines now have grille at the end. It was so hot in the Am is one of our oldest pioneer airlines, rights to the International routes that we summer that the prisoners couldn't bear I think points made by these employees pioneered, and the foreign airlines now to wear clothes. When it rained, the wa­ should be read and heeded by my col­ serve more cities in the United States than ter washed into the living quarters. leagues in their deliberations on infla­ we do. The right to compete freely at home, Mr. Anderson reports that-- tion in the days ahead. The "open letter" the most elemental privilege of a free enter~ At the Isle of Pines prison, the prisoners from the Pan Am workers follows: prise society, has always been denied Pan were welcomed off the ferry boat by "guards AN OPEN LETTER TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE Am. on both sides of the gangplank, hitting us FROM THE EMPLOYEES OF THE WoRLD'S MOST You see, when it comes right down to it, as we passed by them, and I mean hitting EXPERIENCED AIRLINE Pan Am does a lot more than compete with with clubs and sticking us with their other airlines. We compete with whole coun~ bayonets, just for fun I guess," says one After a decade of dangling in a storm of letter. outrageous discrimination, both at home and tries, sometimes even our own. The men and abroad, and writhing, every time the In~ women of Pan Am are just not the type The government of Fidel Castro has ternational Oil Cartel raised their prices, who enjoy asking for a handout. The only never been elected by the Cuban people. the 32,500 men and women of Pan American subsidy that we have ever needed was !air It has repressed political and religious World Airways have a few contessions we treatment . . . From our own government. freedom in that country, has eliminated would like to get off our chests. If Pan Am were allowed domestic routes freedom of speech, and has stirred ter­ We plead guilty, first of all, of having within the United States. . . or to borrow worked our tails off for nearly fifty years, from the Expm·t-Import Bank . . . or to pay ror and turmoil in other parts of the carrying the spirtt of American private en~ reasonable landing fees overseas . . . or to world. To advocate a "good neighbor" terprise to the rest of the world. We admlt receive equal postal rates from our own policy with a country which is deter­ also, pioneering every significant overseas government, we wouldn't need any subsidy mined to be a bad neighbor makes little air route. at all! sense. October 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 33889 It is important that Americans under­ People's Republic of China at "taxpayer sub- the control procedures should work to pre­ stand the reality of life in Castro's "But we had to run in double time. All vent the flow of heroin to the 11licit nar­ the time we were running, we were being hit cotic trafficker. Cuba. I wish-to share with my colleagues by the guards with clubs, bayonets and iron · Make no m1stake, once Turkey announced· the column, ''Political Repression Sav· sticks. Then down again into the hole, again she was· revoking' the two-year-old ban on age in Cuba," by Jack Anderson as it ap .. being hit by the guards." opium cultivation-the ban which had suc­ peared on September 7, 1974, in the Most of all, the prisoners dreaded the cessfully ~temmed the availability of illegal Washington Post, and insert it into the "riquisa," as the cell searches were called. hereoin in our American communities--the RECORD at this time: "The guards came into your gallery after defunct. French Connection was immedi· midnight," according to one account, "and ately forged anew to be ready and waiting POLITICAL REPRESSION SAVAGE IN CUBA line you up outside or against the wall. They to again convey the lethal doses from their (By Jack Anderson) start to throw everything you own outside origin in the poppy fields of Turkey to the A less bombastic Fidei Castro is now in and douse water all over your bed, which scurrilous street peddlers of New York. his best behavior, as he strives to bring normally is thrown from one end of the gal­ Turkey answered our pleas that slle not lift Cuba into the society of Weste1·n Hem­ lery to the other. the ban with the callous retort that heroin isphere nations. But hidden from the promi­ "You .also get beat up. When you are taken addiction was not a Turkish problem, but nent visitors he has enticed to Cuba is an outside, nude, the milicianas [women was ours alone. . unspeakable world of political oppression. guards] stand in the patio and laugh at your However, Congress would not take "no" for We have written about the terror and nakedness." an answer and, determined to protect Amer~ torture in the ·prisons of Brazil's right-wing At the Isle of Pines prison, the prisoners ican youth from further threat · of heroin dictatorship. Now we have ·received evidence -were welcomed· off the ferry boat by "guards addiction, overwhelmingly supported my of similar tactics in ·the prisons of Cuba's .on both sides of the gangplank, hitting us House Resolution to cut off, U.S. aid to left-wing dictatorship. as we passed by them, and I mean hitting Turkey if -she resumed opium production or Just as Brazilian political prisoners smug­ with. clubs and sticking us with their bayo­ failed to impose controls sti·lct enough to gled their stark stories to us through priests, nets, just for fun I guess," states one letter. gain U.S: approval. · Castro's prisoners have managed to smug­ · The prisoners at the Isle of Pines got up . I also fntroduced an amendment to the gle letters, affidavits and 'other evidence to at 5 a.m. and worked until 6 p.m. "cutting 'Foreign Assistance Act of 1974 to sever the the United States with directions that they weeds, planting trees, picking fruit." "God flow of your American dollars to Turkey if be delivered to us. forbid," reported one former prisoner, "if she did not agree to our demands. Now there We have checked out their charges, as best they should catch you eating a piece of fruit. were some who insisted Turkey has the right we could, with former prisoners who have The guards would make mincemeat out of to determine her own policies. Right, but not been released from Castro's custody. We are you with their bayonets." when the Turkish policy funded with Amer­ willing to make a personal inspection of '!'he prisoners were subjected to daily beat­ ican aid dollars, produces poppies which un­ these prisons, if Castro will permit it, as ings, according to the smuggled documents. dermined America's war on drug abuse and we also offered to do in Brazil. "There was seldom a month in the island prey upon o:ur youth like a parasite. The letters and affidavits describe a horror when they did not kill one or two prisoners Some have criticized me in the past for which, for the unhappy souls who run afoul in the work camp, or cut them up, crippling taking a hard line with nations that do not of Castro's political police, usually begins them, of something," charges an affidavit. cooperate with us in our attempts to stop with a frightening, after-midnight arrest. The documents give detailed descriptions the flow of illegal narcotics to our shores.' But "You and your family are all fast asleep," of the prisons, enclose typical menus and ·a man must stand up for what he believes states one affidavit, "when the tremendous name some of the most brutal guards. One -and so must a nation. I maintain the United knocking at your front·and back door starts. prisoner, risking almost certain retaliation, :States must receive a return for her aid dol­ ·About six or seven G-2 men, armed to the has asked us to tell his personal story. This lars and stop the "giveaway" programs that teeth with Russian machine guns, rush in will be published in a future column. sap our country's energies and resources. ·your house, screaming, pushing your family, · While we m.ust now Plake every effort to ·. searching your home, not allowing your wife be certain the Turks adhere_to · t~1eir plan to .or children to go to the bedroom to put WOLFF NEWSLETTER control the cultivation and_ production . of their clothes on. their opium poppies, I am gl'atified that '1\ "They insult you with every filthy name giant first step has taken place. The Tu.z:ks' in the book. Finally they push you outside, HON. LESTER L. WOLFF decision to finally cooperate with the United with your family crying, and put you into a OF NEW YORK States in our battle against narcotics addic­ · G-2 car." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion and related crime is in the best interests The victim is hustled to G-2 headquarters of all concerned. Thursday, October 3, 1974 where, according t o the affidavit, "you are PEACE RESTS IN EALLOT BOX taken into a small room, have all your Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, periodically, clothes taken away from you, searched even I distribute a newsletter to my constitu­ My continuing concern for the violence within your body, then given a pair of me­ and destruction stm being wrought in North­ chanic overalls without any sleeves." ents in a continuing effort to keep them ern Ireland and for the plight of the victims The interrogation takes place in a small informed of my activities as their rep­ of discrimination has convinced me that we, office. "The officers all put their guns on the resentative in Washington. And often, I as a nation, must appeal to the United Na­ table in front of you to scare you," recounts use the newsletter as a vehicle to obtain tions to seek the establishment of a United the affidavit. "Then the questioning begins, their views on major issues, thus allow- Ireland as the only course remaining to ulti­ with insults, the threats, the false accusa­ . ing me to function more effectively on mately achieve a lasting peace settlement . tions, where everybody is accused of being their behalf on Capitol Hill. I would like Consequently, I along with Rep. Gilman the CIA." of upstate N.Y., have introduced a bi-partt­ If the prisoner doesn't give the answers to share with · my colleagues my latest san Resolution in the House calling on the they want, he is held alternatively in over­ newsletter : Congress to urge the President to direct our heated and frigid cells. "The heat is so bad, WOLFF NEWSLETTER Ambassador to the U.N. to officially request you faint. And then you are brought in a the unification of Ireland through free elec­ DEAR FRIEND AND CONSTITUENT: As the sec­ special cell that has air conditioning so cold ond session of the 93rd Congress enters its tions to be conducted under the auspices you freeze. All this to make you talk." final period, I believe this to be the appro­ of a U.N. Commission and the outcome to The prisoners are permitted to see their priate time for me to highlight some of the . be detetmlned by the peopes of both north families once a week. "You are shaved by a recent actions I took as your Representa­ and south Ireland. gorilla, without shaving cream, then taken tive. I deplore the age-old discrimination in to a small room, all bugged, with your inves­ First of all, I am most pleased to report · Northern Ireland as I do racism and bigotry tigator sitting next to you, and are given six that Turkey has bowed to Congressional wherever it exists in our country, anti-Sem­ or seven minutes with your family, after pressure, brought to bear at my insistence, itism in the Soviet Union and apartheid in your family has been given a lecture ·to tell and has proposed to implement a "fall safe" South Africa and Rhodesia. I believe the one you to confess." method to control her opium poppy pro­ way to end the civil strife in Ireland is to The letters and affidavits describe the food duction and deuy heroin from reaching have all the citizens of Ireland decide their in Cuban prisons as scarcely enough for sur­ illegal channels. destiny by choosing their future at the bal­ vival. At LaCabana Fortress prison, 160 men This plan calls for a total prohibition on lot box. were crowded into galleries without windows, the extraction of opium gum at the farm GRAIN EXPORTS SHORTCHANGE AMERICANS nothing but an iron grille at the end. It was level and, instead, mandates that all poppy so hot in the summer that the prisoners crops be harvested intact and transported As you are aware from my previous news­ couldn't bear to wear clothes. When it rained, to a government operated refinery where the letters to you, I firmly believe that a serious the water washed into the living quarters. opium could be removed only through a cause of our nation's inflation-ridden econ­ "At one time," states an affidavit, "we were complicated scientific process performed by omy is the continuing foreign wheat and not allowed to have water to shower for 23 specially trained government personnel. grain deals that have depleted our resources days." Another describes the hour in the If this plan is properly implemented and when we could least afford it. sun which the prisoners were permitted once adequate survemance is effected by Turkish The wheat and grain from American farms a month. and international law enforcement officials, were exported to the Soviet Union and the 33890 EXTENSIONS OF REMA~KS October 3, 1974 sldlzed" prices and sent to them in "taxpayer Both are inflationary measures and will only veterans' organizations whose untiring sup­ subsidized" ships. at the same time our ;tood result in even higher mortgage costs. P{)rtance itt's death. My wife and I drove to Annapolis ever; the really extensive use of produc­ to attend the memorial service in the chapel. ing energy by these methods in great attached to beefing up our Navy. It was just a small way that would show our The increasingly obvious need for a st rong respects for the exemplary service performed quantities is some years ahead. · Navy can be explained in a num ber of ways . by Kent Hewitt. His bravery, his leadership, However, there is one· course of action First, and I believe most important for the and his professionalism 1.mder fire have we can take now to assist us in solving future, is something we should all be con­ proved and will prove an inspiration to all our fuel · problems. We can greatly in­ cerned with. The world population is growing who serve on the U.S.S. Hewitt. rapidly. With this growth, we are depleting crease the use of cur coal resources, a May she have calm seas and fair winds on mineral of which we have the world's our natural land resources and we must look all h er voyages. elsewhere for additional supplies. Much of greatest supply-much of it is in In­ · the research being done with marine re­ diana-enough to su.pply our country for sources is still highly experimental, but it ECONOMIC CRISIS-INFLATION AND hundreds of years. ':i'his will be a double seems apparent that the earth will have to FUEL advantage for our money will stay home. t urn increasingly to the seas for help. We will look to the water for food, medicine, mineral There will be ample coal in our country resources and perhaps even living space. The HON. WILLIAI\1 G. BRAY for centuries after the oil of the Middle East is gone, but we desperately need to ast ronaut Scott Carpenter quit the space OF INDIANA program and became an "aquanaut" because use that coal now. of his belief that our future rests m ore in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Yet, despite the great need for coal, oceans than in the skies. Thursday, October 3, 1974 there has been a constant effort on the With this new interest, a strong, modern part of many to curtail the use of coal. Navy is an absolute necessity, not only for Mr. BRAY. Mr. Speaker, the world is facing a severe economic crisis due to These same people have been persistent n ational defense, but to protect America's in blocking the construction of refineries, interests in this developing field. heavy inflation and, while the rate of in­ The second explanation is the increasing flation is less in the United States than the construction of plants to produce gas October 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 33893 and oil from shale, the construction of The stock market has plunged to a. 12- clared. "Clearly, he would think we were yea.r low, below the 630 mark on the Dow­ mad to try to bring down prices by creating nuclear energy plants. offshore drilling Jones index, and no one in Wall Street supply shortages. Yet, that is what present for oil and gas, and, for 5 years, blocked would bet that it won't move lower. policy depends on." the construction of the Alaskan pipe­ The wholesale ·price index for August rose The country needs a strong economic pro­ line. We have the coal resources to ma­ 3.9 per cent, which works out to the phe­ gram that will avoid deep recession. Laissez­ terially help in solving our problems. We nomenal annual rate of 58.2 per cent com­ !aire won't do the job. And even beyond our must have the intelligence and courage pounded in recent past years, a. figure like problems at home, we need a coordinated to use these resources. 3.9 per cent was considered a hefty advance program worked out with other oil consum­ The Federal Power Commission has es­ for a whole year, not just one month. ing nations to bring down the price of on. timated that nearly half the electric The price pattern will get worse before it There is a. time-bomb ticking away in the gets better~ utilities are raising their prices, Persian Gulf, and the Western World's poli­ power generating capacity that uses oil with the government's blessing; food costs ticians are ignoring it. That is the major as a fuel today could easily be ccnverted are moving higher; and automoblle prices reason !or global economic jitters. to coal within a year. Much more would are being jacked up by Detroit to a level that come later. Within a year's time we could should encourage consumer resistance. Of­ convert enough electric generating plants ficially, the government concedes that dou­ EX-POW'S RESUME NORMAL LIFE from the use of oil to coal, thereby effect­ ble-digit inflation is here to stay for the rest of the year. ing a savings of 181.3 million barrels of According to Economic Council Chairman HON. STEVEN D. SYMMS oil a year. If the 181 million barrels of oil Alan Greenspan, "There is a pretty large OF IDAHO is converted to gasoline, this would cer­ inventory overhang at the moment," which IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tainly be a firm step in the freeing of our means that there will be further declines in economy from being held captive by the production, and an increase in the present Thursday, October 3, 1974 Middle East oil countries. 5.4 per cent unemployment rate over the Mr. SYMl\/.IS. Mr. Speaker, I think that Let us become self-sufficient through next four to six months. all Americans have admired the patriot­ the use of our own resources, coupled The housing industry depression is begin­ ning to ripple throughout the economy, with ism and loyalty shown by our Vietnam with hard work and frugal common­ layoffs affecting not only construction work­ POW's. Most of us will probably never sense. We can and must do this. ers, but those in the appliance, wood, stone, know the turmoil these men and their clay and glass industries. families endured in behalf of freedom. THE ECONOMICS JITTERS International financial markets are verg­ Recently the Idaho Statesman did a fea­ ing on the edge of panic, waiting daily for ture story on four Idaho POW's and their new bank failures-or troubles in other in­ return to normal life. I would like at this HON. JOHN A. BLATNIK stitutions (worrisome signs of "illiquidity"­ a. money pinch-already have shown up in time to read this story into the RECORD OF MINNESOTA utilities). The rich nations' central bankers and again offer my appreciation to these IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES met last week at Basel, Switzerland, to talk men and their families for their service Thursday, October 3. 1974 about ways of preventing a collapse of the to our country: banking structure. Reports differ about the Ex-POWs RESUME NORMAL LIFE Mr. BLATNIK. Mr. Speaker, inflation degree of their accomplishment, but the (By Mary Pickett) continues to soar into the double-digit problems are so complex that it would have When the Vietnam pris mers of war re­ figures, eating into the wages of working been surprising if they had found a. quick solution. One probabllity: other nations be­ turned home one and a half years ago the people, making new housing loans im­ country rejoiced. Idaho had cause to cele­ possible, burdening unemployed families sides Italy will be putting up part of their gold reserves as collateral for cash loans. brate, too, because four native sons were with worry and frustration. The oil cartel nations still have the in­ among those released. Most of us are not economists and dustrial world over a. barrel. But as the bal­ What are the former POWs doing now, 18 do not understand the complicated in­ ance of payments deficits mount, the con­ months after being welcomed home by their ter-relationships between supply and suming nations have falled to evolve a. re­ families? demand, inflation and unemployment or sponse to the cartel. Finance ministers all All four former POWs have moved from the conflicting diagnoses of the nature over the world brood about the high price Idaho as did one other POW with Idaho ties. of oll, but do nothing while disaster stares While those five are settling baek into pro­ of this particular inflation. But we do fessions and family life interrupted by the understand that our grocery money must over the horizon. In this country. Project Independence is a bust-at best, it is a public Vietnam conflict, the fate of eight other be stretched farther each week, that relations gimmick and nothing more. Idahoans still listed as missing in action is shortages and bottlenecks combine to And finally, the good feeling about Presi­ uncertain. raise the prices of consumer goods and dent Ford that had begun to emerge in his Capt. Larry Chesley, who was greeted after first three weeks in office vanished over his his release in his hometown, Burley, by a that the inflation casts a disproportion­ parade hundreds attended, now is studying ate burden on the lower-income groups. precipitate and ill-considered pardon of for­ mer President Nixon. Those who looked to for a master's degree in business administra­ Housing starts are 30 percent below Mr. Ford to lead the nation out of an eco­ tion at Arizona State University at Tempe, last year, continued rising rates of un­ nomic morass now find him enmeshed in his mother, Mrs. Veri R. Chesley, said. employment seem almost certain and Watergate matters again. Although he didn't go baek into flying, interest rates have risen in recent times If there is one point that came through she said her son still is in the Air Force and to the highest since the Civil War. De­ loud and clear at the pre-summit meetings would like to teach ROTC when he finishes held so far, it is the uselessness of trying to his degree. spite our dependence on statistics to de· Chesley, who was a prisoner in North Viet­ scribe the problem, unemployment af.. fight the current, complex economic prob­ lems just by tight budgets and tight money. nam for seven years, will undergo physical fects the lives of real men and women and mental exams twice a. year for the next As AFir-CIO President George Meany five years. According to tests so far, "He seems in a major way-the heartbreak and the pointed out, "Toda.y's inflation is not caused fear of yet another day without work, to have adjusted very well," Mrs. Chesley said. by excessive demand, which is the classic Chesley keeps in touch with other former the attempts to make ends meet and the reason for inflation-too many dollars chas­ dollar stretch are real and tragic and POWs and frequently travels to make ing too few goods." The problem relates, in­ speeches about his experiences, Mrs. Chesley has particularly harshly affected the stead, to shortages of some materials (food said. people in my own distressed area of and oil are prime examples) which push Asked if it was good to have him back, she Minnesota. prices up; and an incipient cost-push spiral replied. "Yes, it really is. I don't worry about Mr. Speaker, I would like to submit this which will get worse as wage demands ac­ him now that I know where he is." article from the September 15 Wash­ celerate this year. Capt. Frederick C. McMurray of Coeur ington Post because one point comes "Inflation will not be stopped simply by d'Alene and Lt. Col. Donald Waltman of continuing current overall monetary and fis­ Kellogg both moved from Idaho with their through clearly-the uselessness of try­ cal policies aimed primarily at lowering de­ ing to fight inflation just by controlling families after their release. Charles Willis, a. mand," former Federal Reserve Governor civilian working for the Voice of America. be­ Federal spending and maintaining a Sherman Maisel told the construction pre­ fore being held captive for five years. could tight fiscal policy: summit in Atlanta. not be located in Pocatello where his f'aftllly THE EcONOMIC JITTERS-THE UNITED STATES "Imagine the surprise of a man from outer lived at the time he returned to the United NEEDS STRONG PLAN To AVOID DEEP RECES­ space if he arrived today, and was told in­ States. SION flation was our No. 1 problem, and that we Lt. Col. Robert J. Sandvik, whose parents No amount of summitry can disguise the are fighting it primarily by 'cutting back on live in Coeur d'Alene, now is stationed at dismal state of the economy: production and investment,'" Maisel de- Reese Air Force Base near Lulbbock, Tex. 33894 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 3, 1974 No longer :flying, Sandvik still plans to The following article, written by Den­ He said the BLM is also patrolling by air, stay in the Air Porce, Mrs. Adina Sandvik nis Kelly, appeared in the Sun-Telegram, particularly watching for destruction of said. Earlier this summer, he attended an San Bernardino, Calif., September 30, intaglios, which are large carvings on the air war college in Alabama with former POW desert :floor. Waltman, she said. 1974". Eastvold said the prehistoric art in the "He's doing fine and back to normal," she {From the San Bernardino (Cali!.) Sun~ California Desert is a heritage not only of said. Telegram, Sept. 30,1974] statewide but national significance. As the controversial conflict fades from D ESERT WATCH PATROL PROGRESS REPORT minds of most Americans, the families of (By Dennis Kelly) the men who didn't return continue the GILMAN PROPOSES FEDERAL batt le for a full accounting of their loved Start with volunteer help, add government HOME MORTGAGE FUND ones. aid, throw in a pinch of publicity and The Idaho POW-MIA group still functions sprinkle with donations of eqUipment. with the National League of Families of That is Ike Eastvold's recipe for halting the problem of prehistoric art ripoffs in the HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN POWs and MIAs in Southeast Asia, Mrs. OF NEW YORK Eleanor Bodahl, 2412 Cherry Lane, said. desert and he says the proof is in the pudding. Although it closed its formal headquarters Eastvold, chairman of the California IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in January, the POW-MIA organization has Desert Archaeology Committee, said thefts Thursday, October 3, 1974 board meetings and is concentrating on three of petroglyphs, art carved in rocks, have areas of concern to MIA families, Mrs. Bodahl, dropped nearly out of sight in the California Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, yesterday a former chairman, said. Desert since last fall. I joined several of my colleagues in in­ The group wants congressional action pre­ "The kind of public information effort we troducing the Home Mortgage Purchase venting the Army from changing the status got off the ground was successful in getting the word out that not only does this art Assistance Act, creating a source of mort­ of an MIA to a KIA (killed in action) until gage credit for home buyers during these the family of a missing man is consulted. exist in the desert, but it's getting ripped Although it is not supposed to do so now, off," Eastvold said. critical times of short supply of moneys the Army has changed some men's status Steps to protect the prehistoric art were available for home mortgage lending. without their relatives' knowledge, she said. undertaken because of increasing thefts over This legislation, which will not incur Second, POW-MIA is pressuring Congress the last six years, he explained. any expense to the taxpayer, establishes to refrain from granting North Vietnam re­ Working as a consultant to the Bureau of a housing trust fund to draw upon the construction aid and trading with that Land Management (BLM) from 1968 to 1974, Treasury for loan.s for both new and ex­ country's allies until a search for the missing Eastvold took more than 14,000 black and white photographs, each showing several isting housing of up to $10 billion per men is allowed. year. The mortgage money would be An amendment introduced by Idaho Sen. groups of petroglyphs. The carvings shown James McClure, which would pay for travel in more than 3,000 of those photographs available through the Government Na­ expenses of a family of an MIA to memorial have been destroyed by vandals or black tional Mortgage Association, GNMA, to services, also is supported by POW-:MIA marketeers, Eastvold says. purchase mortgages on homes with prices groups. The thefts reached a peak last Thanks­ ranging up to $45,000. Mortgages pur­ Mrs. Bodahl said there is a provision now giving weekend when more than one ton chased by GNMA would bear interest which pays for a KIA's family travel expenses of rocks were hauled away from the desert, largely from an area called Woods Wash, rates comparable to the long-term Treas­ to funeral services when there are remains of ury bon·owing rate, currently at 8% per­ the dead man, but no transportation money north of Essex. is given when remains haven't been found. Since last December however, when 30 vol­ cent. The market rate for mortgage An aide in Sen. McClure's Boise office said unteers began a "Desert Watch" to protect money, where available, is now in the a similar amendment has been introduced in petroglyph sites, the destruction has de­ range of 9~ to 10 percent. the House by Rep. Steve Symms and the two creased markedly. The housing construction industry is provisions should move through Congress "There have been a few incidents of steal­ in its worst depression in years. In my with little difnculty. ing since then but nothing on as large a own congressional district, Rockland Mrs. Bodahl's son, Air Force Maj. John scale as Woods Wash," Eastvold said. The effort has since picked up more vol­ County's population has increased 68 Bodahl-shot down during the Viet nam con­ percent since the 1960 cen.sus. But de­ flict--was listed as missing in action until unteers including members of the Mojave his wife requested a review of his status. He River Valley Chapter of the San Bernardino spite the dire need for new housing, the was declared killed in action earlier this County Museum, the California Association lack of mortgage money and soaring in~ summer and memorial services were held. of Four Wheel Drive Clubs, and two gem and terest rates has brought the housing in­ Asked if she has given up hope of her mineral societies. dustry to a standstill causing severe un­ son's survival, Mrs. Bodahl said, "We have Congress ras passed legislation which has employment in the building con.struction no definite proof that he is not alive." given the BLM 29 new Rangers whose pri­ trades. Young families, previously com~ mary function is the patrol of petroglyph sites. (More than 90 per cent of this ancient prising the best market for new homes, DESERT WATCH PATROL PROGRESS art exists on lands administered by the fed­ now find that they have neither the sav­ REPORT eral government, Eastvold explained.) ings for a downpayment, nor the income Prior to Congressional action, there were needed to repay the extremely high rates only 11 rangers to patrol 14 million acres of of interest on borrowed money. Many HON. JERRY L. PETTIS desert lands and these rangers did not have who have been saving for years to pur­ OF CALIFORNIA enforcement powers, he said. chase a home have given up hope and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Officials of the Santa Fe Railroad in lower income families are being locked Barstow donated 400 used raih·oad ties for Thursday, October 3, 1974 use in building barricades outside petroglyph into substandard housing in deteriorat ~ sites to prohibit vehicle access. The BLM ing neighborhoods. Mr. PETI'IS. Mr. Speaker, I have ad­ has also purchased aluminum railing for In order to stimulate residential mort­ dressed you and the rest of my colleagues the same purpose. gage lending, I introduced a measure, in the past on behalf of legislation to East vold says it is now the job of his Rock H.R. 16157, to exclude from income tax protect this Nation's desert regions. To­ Art Subcommittee to establish priorities for . the first $400 of interest on a savings day I would like to present an article . petroglyph protection. He said his committee account and to encourage savings, ex­ summarizing the progress which has been along with Herrick Hanks, an archaeological panding the availability of funds for made by a group of volunteers in my consultant, has come up with 15 major .sites home mortgage lending. Last week, I district toward safeguarding the Cali­ for protection. Eastvold, who is critical of the BLM bu­ presented to Ways and Means Commit­ fornia desert area. It is extremely un­ reaucracy, says the committee did in one tee Chairman, WILBUR MILLS, petitions fortunate, and frustrating, that govern­ year what it would have taken the govern­ from more than 500,000 New York State mental processes move as slowly as they ment 15 years to do. citizens supporting this proposal exempt­ do-a fact which greatly increases one's He said construction of barricades on the ing &avings interest from income tax. appreciation of volunteer groups and the first site for protection is scheduled for the I am still trying to convince the Ways work they do. Ike Eastvold is to be con­ first week in November. and Means Committee to include this gi·atulated on the successful campaign He said he will be working with t he BLM measure in the omnibus tax reform he has spearheaded to save the desert to expedite the work on protecting the re­ maining 14 sites . measure currently under consideration. area in California, and the prehistoric Eastvold said the BLM may be alloted It is significant to note that the Na­ artwork it contains, from ruin. I also $15,000 to inst all electronic devices at these tional Savings Association League has wish to thank all those who helped in sites which would set off an alarm when un­ compiled statistics showing that a $1,000 t his worthwhile project for the work they authorized visitors enter the area of a interest exclusion would result in new have done. petroglyph. deposits of $24 billion annually, 500,000 October 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 33895' new jobs and vastly increased income tax erted-a very substantial influence on our For the benefit of my coneagues, all of revenue, pointing out that even if these relations with other nations, as recent de­ whose constituents are atfected by the velopments in Chile and Thailand have figures were revised in proportion to the shown. · scourge of inflation as well, I am insert­ proposed $400 exclusion, the proposal For these reasons, sharing of jurisdiction ing the text of my newsletter in the would not drain any Federal revenues. in this field by the Foreign Affairs and the RECORD at this time: The home mortgage measure I co­ Armed Services Committees is eminently MIZELL NEWS, SEPTEMBER 1974 sponsored yesterday is another essen­ sensible. We strongly support the tentative INFLATION tial step in easing the money crunch proposals advanced in this area by the se~ Without question, the number one problem without imposing any further burden on lect Committee on Committees. facing Americans today is the problem of in­ our taxpayers. Congressional oversight of the CIA flation-the rampant rise in the cost of living Accordingly, I urge my colleagues and under present procedures is really a fic­ that eats away at every American's buying particularly the House Banking and tion. The House Armed Services Sub­ power and threatens the economic stabllity Currency Committee to support this pro­ of the nation and the world. committee overseeing CIA activities was It is essential that we deal candidly with posal as a realistic solution to the prob­ not told about U.S. intervention in this problem, that we acknowledge ilts criti­ lems of the rapid growth regions of our Chile until after the fact. Senator cal nature and that we recognize the urgent Nation which are experiencing severe SYMINGTON, a member of the Senate need for its solution. economic depression. Armed Services subcommittee oversee­ Our national rate of inflation is currently ing CIA activities, stated that he was running at just over 11 percent annually, unaware of CIA activities in Chile until which means we are losing eleven cents' COMMI'ITEE REFORM AND CIA worth of purchasing power from every dollar he read about them in the newspaper. every twelve months. OVERSIGHT The CIA Oversight Subcommittee of As the dollar continues to "shrink" and · the Armed Services Committee and the prices continue to climb, we are faced with HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON Appropriations Committee have no obli­ other economic problems that are direct con· gation to meet if they do not so desire; sequences of the inflationary spiral. OF MASSACHUSETTS records and transcripts of their hearings For example, interest rates have risen apace IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES are only available to other Members of with inflation and are now reaching levels Thursday, October 3, 1974 not seen since the Civil War. As a conse"" Congress with special permission, and quence, the nation is now weathering a very> Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, I in some cases are not kept at all; there serious housing crisis. Homebuilders seeking would, at this time, like to call upon my are no members of the Foreign Affairs construction loans find the interest rates colleagues for support of an amendment Committee overseeing the CIA in the they must pay too high to make their opera­ I intend to offer to the Hansen substitute House, although these are the members tions profitable, and mortgage interest rates to the Bolling resolution. with the expertise and particular inter­ for potential homebuyers are also climbing est in the foreign policy implications of into the prohibitive range. Under the Bolling resolution, which I And as all of us know, prices for consumer support, the House Foreign Affairs Com­ CIA activities which are often undemo­ goods have also risen at an alarming rate mittee gains concurrent oversight juris­ cratic and beyond their charter. in the last several months. Food prices, which diction, with regard to intelligence activ­ While it is not known how often each had leveled off earlier in the year, promise ity, namely the Central Intelligence of the various oversight committees to rise again in the future, partly in response Agency. Unfortunately, the Hansen meet, a good indication can be found in to the national inflation and partly because committee leaves this oversight function the Senate Armed Services subcommit­ of the severe drought that struck much of tee which apparently did not meet once the "Farm Belt" this year. solely in the hands of the Committee on Fuel prices have doubled in the last year, Armed Services. My efforts will be di­ during 1974. In addition, staffing for the as well. Following last winter's oil embargo, rected in assuring that the Hansen sub­ present part-time oversight committee is Arab oil-producing nations-working in con­ stitute also contain the provision that inadequate; not even one full-time staff cert-doubled the price of oil extracted from the House Foreign Affairs Committee member has been hired to help oversee their mammoth reserves, and this price­ gains concurrent oversight jurisdiction the intelligence community and the CIA gouging tactic has contributed very substan­ over the CIA. budget of approximately $6 billion. tially to inflation trends, not only in this In recent weeks we have learned that The more complete indication of con­ country but throughout the industrialized gressional failure to control the CIA is world. the CIA authorized over $8 million for The problem of inflation, however, is more covert activities aimed at thwarting the the CIA's activities in and of themselves. pervasive and more dangerous than rising election of the late Salvador Allende­ Although CIA's activities in Chile were prices and rising interest rates alone would Gossens and destabilizing the Govern­ undemocratic and seem to be beyond its indicate. ment of Chile. While it is no secret that legislative charter to engage only in "in­ The end result of inflation is, first, a loss the CIA has engaged in similar activities telligence related activities," Congress, of confldence in the dollar, and second, an throughout its 27-year existence, it is unaware of these activities while they ultimate loss of value in the dollar. The my feeling that there is no justification were ongoing, failed to check them, halt loss of confidence is already being demon­ for our Government to intervene in the them, or even call them to the public's strated in the stock market where key indi­ attention. cators of our economic condition have fallen internal affairs of another country. This, to dangerously low points, and we must arrest in fact, is the articulated policy of the There is a definite need to reform the and reverse this downward trend as quickly United States-but the secret policy oversight function, and the proposed as possible. proved to be something quite different. Bolling resolution represents a clear step I believe it is essential that the people Under the present rules of the House in the right direction. I sincerely hope of the Fifth Dist rict and people throughout Armed Services Committee is responsi­ that you will support my effort to assure America know of the seriousness of our eco­ ble for overseeing CIA activity. The Bol .. that the Hansen substitution does the nomic ills, so that they may be better pre­ ling proposal would restructure oversight same. pared, and more w111ing, to take t he st rong so that the Committee on Foreign Af­ medicine needed to cure those ills. fairs would gain "concurrent jurisdic­ Senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona, in a INFLATION thought-provoking speech to the Senat e a tion", with the Committee on Armed few weeks ago, called inflation "the great Services, over foreign and military intel­ pretender. Like a tranquilizing drug, infla­ ligence, including the CIA. tion has given us a pleasant sensation ot As Congressman MoRGAN, chairman HON. WILMER MIZELL well-being. Our paychecks are fatter, ana! of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, OF NORTH CAROLINA we like that. If we own property, it h as in · wrote Congressman BoLLING on Janu­ creased in value, and we like that. If we are ary 4, 1974: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES unemployed, we can turn to the government Foreign intelligence is an integral part of Thursday, October 3, 1974 for support, and we like that. New money dumped int o the economic system by deficit t he foreign policy process. No policy can suc­ Mr. MIZELL. Mr. Speaker, my monthly ceed unless it is based upon accurate and financing has helped us to indulge ou r ap­ timely information. The task of intelligence newsletter to residents of North Caro­ petites beyond our ability to pay, and we is t o provide that information. The CIA, lina's Fifth Congressional District con­ like that." for example, plays a major role in the for­ cerned what President Ford has correctly Bu t the time has come, at long last, when eign policy-making process and by its activ­ called America's No. 1 public enemy: our economic health demands that we begin it ies is capable of exerting-and has ex- Inflation. the painful withdrawal from this artificially- 33896 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 3, 1974 induced tranqUility, and begin to deal ef­ was given the honor, extended by Pericles blow for the cause of freedom ln the Ameri­ fectively with our very real econom1c disease. Count Voultsos, Prince Grand Master can colonies. After the battle of Yorktown The best remedy for thJs disease is the most in 1781, he attempted to install a Command~ intensive program of austerity in government of the Sovereign Greek Order of St. Dennis of ery in the New World, by establishing Priori­ spending we can possibly devise. Reckless Zante, to be awarded the dec­ ties in Philadelphia and New York, unsuc­ government spending over the past decade oration .of the Sovereign Order of st. cessfully, unfortunately, due to the anti­ is, in my view, the root of all the economic Dennis of Zante. I was recommended by pathetic feelings of the period to anything evils we confront today_ Dr. Herman Bayern and was pleased to implying aristocracy or nobility. However, The pervasive and detrimental influence accept. This order has an interesting through this noble heritage, Dr. Voultsos of government spending on our economic background starting just about 20 years proudly holds membership in the Society of condition can be easily and effectively dem­ ago. the Sons of the American RevolutiGn, both onstrated by the following: THE RESURGENCE OF THE GREEK 0:PUER OF ST. here and in France. (1) The federal budget, now at the level On August 12, 1953, less than four monthS of $300 b11lion, represents nearly one-third DENNIS OF ZANTE, FoRMERLY OF [ _•. JOHN OF JERUSALEM, CYPRUS, AND RHODES-1953 after the ofiicial resurgence of the Order, of the United States gross national product. cruel fate struck. A tragic earthquake !fol­ (2) Since 1964, our national debt has in­ A little more than twenty years ago, a small lowed by a 10 day an-consuming fire laid creased from -$317 blliion to nearly $490 bil­ group of dedicated Americans, prompted by philanthropy and guided by our Patron Saint, the fair island of Zante to rubble and ~hes. lion through an alarmingly consistent policy All of the nations outside the Iron Cur­ of deficit spending by the federal government. were inspired to the resurgence of this ancient Order 1n these United States. seek­ tain, aided mother Greece in facing this tre­ We are now paying nearly $26 billion a year­ mendous challenge. To the Knights of the re­ nearly ten percent of the total federal budg­ ing to relleve the distressed, comfort the hapless. cently revived Order, however, it was destiny et-just for ~e interest on the national debt. itself demanding fulfillment ot their vows. (3) Because tax revenues have been in­ On April 29, 1953, a Charter was granted Grand Master Designate Voultsos, sounded sufficient to pay for much of federal spend­ under an Act o! Congress and the ancient Equestrian Ol'der was revived under the au­ ~he clarion call to duty. The Knights, noble ing in the last several years, the government 1n purpose, resolute in achievement, mind­ has been competing 1n private money mar­ spices of the International American Insti­ kets with private ent-erprise for available tute of Washington, D.O. ful of their obligation, rose to the occasion funds, drying up the .supply of money and This important event was the culmination and met the challenge. Cognizant that the thereby driving up interest rates. of several years of correspondence between heart of America has always gone out to the (4) To compensate for this government­ Dr. Pericles Voultsos of New York and the suffering and the needy, the members of the imposed "money crunch", the federal treas­ Rt. Rev. Daniel Gigantes, Abbot of the Mon­ Order appealed and aroused the charitable ury has manufactured more paper dollars astery of St. Dennis in Zante, Guardian of public of the 48 states~ acquainting them without sufficient gold or credit reserves to the Saint's Sacred Body, seeking to devise with the plight which befell the citizens of maintain their value, and thereby has fed ways and means of aiding the island, its peo­ Zante, and the indication of hardship and inflation. ple and all needy, regardless of race or creed, suffering lllldergone by them. It is obvious, then, that government spend­ according to the example set by the Saint On December 80, 1954, Dr. Pericles ing policies have a direct and dramatic effect and practiced by the Knights after dedica­ Voultsos, at the invitation of the island's on the nation's economy, and the key to tion of the Order to His Holy Memory in the authorities, visited Zante. He was officially solving our economic problems lies in a Eighteenth century. installed as Grand Master for Life of the strputo, Mr. Harold Flagg, Mr. John DeStefano, Mr. John Shoemaker, Mr. Gerald Staubs, Mr. Mr. James Lawrence, Mr. Larry Mitschke, Mr. Michael Surman, Mr. John Tileobold, Mr. LIST OF NEW JERSEY VOLUNTEERS Michael Roberts, Mr. Quentin Osterle, Mr. Francis Tivenan, Mr. Charles Traficante, Mr. IN CIVIL DEFENSE Je Mongiello. Douglas White. Mr. Nathan Aiken, Mr. Andrew J. Bagin, Mr. Robert Winters, Mr. Thomas Pugh, Mr. Harry Bland, Mr. Anthony Cavigliano, Mr. Richard H. Bennett, Mr. Charles A. Shep­ Mr. Leroy Chandler, Mr. John Cortellacci, ard, Mr. Nelson L. Farms, Mr. Jessie Summers. HON. JOSEPH G. MINISH Mr. Willie Crawley, Mr. Edsen Dowe, Mr. Mr. John Giannetti, Mr. Henry J. Conklin, OF NEW JERSEY Samuel DuBois, Mr. Wllliam Fagg, Ms. Rosa­ Mr. John J. Hall, Mr. Jack H. Farms, Jr., Mr. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lind Gagliardo. George N. Jasco, Jr., Mr. Walter Frager, Mr. Mr. Leslie C. Hoadley, Sr., Mr. Leslie C. Thursday, October 3, 1974 Clinton Hollinhead, Mr. Richard C. Fleming, Hoadley, Jr., Mr. Willie Hughes, Mr. Peter Mr. Anthony M. Pace, Mr. Phill Taborn, Mr. Mr. MINISH. Mr. Speaker, many Hunt, Mr. Clarence James, Mr. Wesley Jones, William Orr, Mr. Ray Connor, Mr. J. G. Americans are seeking ways to serve their Mr. David Krohn, Mr. Harry MacDonald, Ms. Greico, Mr. Charles Hodgin, Mr. Douglas Dorothy Marshall, Mr. Sidney Marshall, Mr. Martin, Mr. Len Pasqualicchio. country in a volunteer capacity, and I Eugene McCabe, Mr. James McClain, Mr. would like to convey to my colleagues in Mr. George Bondy, Mr. Joseph Kashman, Patrick McLaughlin. Mr. Francis Kellett, Jr., Mr. Henry Levee, Mr. the House of Representatives a way their Mr. Charles McRae, Mr. Lafayette Mitchell, Edward Lundin, Mr. Peter Principato, Mr. constituents may give important services Mr. Milton Nixon, Mr. Alan Peterson, Mr. William Reber, Mr. George Shapiro. to their communities. George Pierson, Ms. Catherine Powell, Mr. Mr. Allen Heyman, Mr. John Korzun, Mr. At the same time, I wish to recognize Nelson Powell, Mr. Milliard Riddick, Mr. Wil­ Richard Mautner, Mr. John Ploch, Mr. Geo!­ several hundred Civil Defense Disaster liam Stoss, Mr. Peter Ventola, Mr. Nelson frey Powell, Mr. William Rollins, Mr. Edwin Vreeland, Mr. Lloyd Wills. Abramson, Mr. Allen Blacow. Control volunteers in Essex County, N.J., Mr. Victo W. Mintz, Mr. Joseph Frieman, for more than 100,000 hours of volun­ Mr. William Vincent, Mr. James Morris, Mr. Irving Lefkowitz, Mr. Carl H. Dietze, Jr., Mr. Daniel Von Bremen, Mr. Raymond Par­ teer service given this year as in years Mr. Ernest Wendell, Mr. Charles Graham Platner, Mr. Dennis C. Fessner, Mr. William sons, Mr. Thomas Lundon, Mr. Stephen Ur­ past as auxiliary fire and police, members ban, Mr. John Kramer, Mr. John DeVoll. of radiological detection and emergency F. Kreuger, III, Mr. Ralph A. DiConstanzi, Mr. Theodore Melhorn, Mr. Wllliam Mits­ Mr. Joseph C. Falcone, Mr. Malcolm Gins­ radio communication teams, and many chele, Mr. Charles Petruzelli, Mr. Thomas berg, Mr. Raymond J. Hopkins, Mr. Joseph other disaster services, all for the safety, D. Kelly, Mr. Kevin Koch, Mr. William P. Picciuto, Mr. Harold Potts, Mr. Gary Stajek, protection and well-being of our resi­ Littlejohn, Mr. Vito J., Loscasio. Mr. Harold Liebenow, Mr. Russell Hodgkiss. dents. Mr. Howard A. Mand, Mr. Gordon T. Mar­ Mr. Edward R. Chedister, Mr. Anthony Del To recognize these volunteers for their us, Mr. Ralph L. Masi, Mr. W. Newton Meeker, Tufo, Mr. Jerry Dolese, Mr. Joseph L. Duker, service and dedication and to encourage Mr. Wilbur Nisenson, Mr. Edward Pallo, Mr. Jr., Mr. Donald G. Grobeis, Mr. James L. others, I wish to print their names in the Thomas W. Pitt, Mr. Michael Postal, Mr. Hardman, Mr. Anthony Lessa, Mr. Donald G. REcoRD as follows: David 0. Sabre, Mr. Frank A. Schoenwisner. Matthes. Mr. LIST OF VOLUNTEERS Mr. David A. Sousa, Mr. John B. Trampler, Russell Reid, Jr., Mr. Edward Pastu­ Jr., Mr. Aurel E. Varga, Mr. Joseph George szak, Mr. Malcolm Pease, Mr. James Christie, Mr. Larry White, Mr. Sal Berretta, Mr. Bill Vice, Mr. John L. Vincent, Mr. MUton Fein­ Mr. Robert Bailey, Mr. James T. Beck, Mr. Quist, Mr. Jeff Rudden, Mr. Kevin Killeen, sod, Mr. Henry Wheat, Mr. Joseph Baebi, Mr. Keith Nicolliello, Mr. Jack Wieners, Mr. William M. Blauvelt, Mr. Fred Briggs, Jr. John DeJessa, Mr. James O'Brien, Mr. Fred Mr. Edward B. Bailey, Mr. Gerard Bauder­ Mr. Walter B. Etling, Mr. Richard W. Mon­ Shoeing, Mr. R. Landolfi. mann, Mr. Allen E. Brown, Mr. Robert Fis­ da.cci, Mr. Lewis A. Varick, Major Jerry L. Mr. W. Hoey, Mr. N. Bonfante, Mr. N. Ucc1, cher, Mr. Stephen A. Hucko. Williamson, Mr. Herbert A. Dobson, Jr., Hon. Mr. A. Avino, Mr. D. Coffey, Mr. R. Iacobelli, Mr. William C. Jahnsen, Mr. William Ja­ Robert C. Rubino, Mr. Leo Hambell, Mr. Wil­ Mr. L. Marchese, Mr. J. Nicosia, Mr. L. Rogers, nowski, Mr. Albert J. Magsley, Mr. Dominick liam T. Hocarth, Jr. Mr. J. Sherwood, Mr. A. Vecchione, Mr. C. Marcantonio, Mr. Bernard Ornstein, Mr. Mr. Edward Koser, Mr. Robert H. Harp, Mr. Baio, Mr. A. Battershall, Mr. James Bordino. Charles T. Richardson, Mr. Dennis J. Rob- Ge01·ge Gundersen, Mr. Philip M. O'Cone, Mr. 33900 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Octobe1~ 3, 1974 Robert Gassin, Mr. Howard Wright, Mr. H. tain Angelo DeCicco, Mr. James Fitzgerald, Ronald Fahey, Mr. Mike Forgione, Mr. Randy Russell Corwin. .Mr. Thomas Huber, Mr. Andy Carr, Mr. Louis Morris, Mr. Robert Moore, Mr. Jerold Fuerst- Mr. and Mrs. James V. LaMotta, Mr. Albert .Tyska, Mr. Fred Bond. man, Mr. Ricky Manfra. c. Rizzolo, Mr. Albert Ward, Mr. Bertrand Mr. Alfred Giancola, Jr., Mr. Alan Blaha, Mr. R. Lord, Mr. D. Zirk, Mr. R. Aleide, -N. Kendall, Mrs. Audrey E. Jackson, Mr. Wil­ -Mr. John ·Millelot, Jr., Mr. Jack Newkirk, Mr. D. Stone, · Mr. D. Initi, Mr. C. Minardi, bur E. Angermeir, Mr. Anthony Mendola, Mr. Nike, Mr. Mike ·Piccardi, Mr. Richard Mr. A. Olster, Mr. M. DeMontaigne, Mr. G. Mr. Theodore J. Golubowski. W. Mondacci, Mr. Louis Hassell. Picone, Mr. R. Ledward, Mr. T. Martin, Jr. Mr. Ronald Bolen, Mr. Wilber Conklin, Mr. Mr. Michael Perrotti, Mr. John Vallone, Mr. - Norman Fellman, Mr. Kenneth Mills, Mr. Richard O'~alley, Mr. John Lyons, Dr. George Nicholas Pucciariello, Mr. Paul Spiegel, Mr. Wilson, Mr. Milton Peters, Chief Harry · Wayne Vincent, Mr. Jerome Buren. Coponi, Mr. Sol Birnbaum. AMERICAJ.~S ARE GETTING READY Mr. Charles DeMarko, Mr. Raymond Gotty, Mr. Tom Carroll, Mr. Dom M. D amiano, Mr. FOR THE LEGALIZATION OF GOLD Mr. Wallace McNaught, Mr. Vincent Pisciotta, Joe Egido, Mr. Tom Daniels, Mr. Tim Cilligan, Mr. William Pitt, Mr. Theodore Vassil, Mr. Mr. William Cilligan, Mr. John Lyon, Mr. Jim OWNERSHIP Adolph Schrader, Mr. Ira Cohen. McKeown. Mr. Ira Freund, Mr. Louis Beckerman, Mr. Mr. Carl Olbrich, Mr. Mac Pennington, Mr. Fred Bol, Mr. Abe Brecher, Mr. Martin Cohen, Ray Pirotte, Mr. Sal Reffie, Mr. Earl Schreiber, HON. STEVEN D. SYMMS Mr. Richard Jewusiak, Mr. Craig Naylor. Mr. Robert Ullman, Mr. Ives Del Peche, Mr. OF IDAHO Mr. Jack Schulz, Mr. George Barton, Mr. Richard O 'Malley. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Bob Bolles, :Mr. Wayne Fenner, Mr. Edward Mr. Charles Johnston, Mr. William Bradley, .Fleit, Mr. Benjamin Luks, Mr. Kenneth Mr. Edward Brown, Sr·., Mr. Joseph Burke, Thursday, October 3, 1974 Phillips, Mr. Gerald Robertson. Mr. Robert Cook, Mr. Charles Crumley, Mr. Mr. SYMMS. Mr. Speaker, after much Mr. Martin Ryan, Mr. Christopher Glo­ Frank D'Arcio, Mr. Louis Gallo. debate and legislative deliberation the wacka, Mr. Andrew Adamek, Mr. Dennis Col­ Mrs. -Carol Halm, Mrs. Eileen ·Varick, Mr. lins, Mr. John Maddock, Mr ..Donald Marcus, Edward J. Britton, Mrs. A. S. Paradise, Mr. American people have finally joined Mr. Henry F. Przybylowicz, :Mr. Gus Hier. James B. Stevens, Mr. L : s. Coleman, Mr. John most . other citizens of the world's free :Mr. Stephen Pironciak, Mr. Walter E. W. Joyce, Mr. Winfred T. Meslar. nations in obtaining the right to own Heinman, Mr. Michael Austin, Messrs. Andres Mr. John H. Reese, Mr. Richard H. Bennet, gold. and Borys Burak, Ms. Debra Haug, Mr. Steve Mr. Charles A. Shepherd, Mr. William This right was arbitrarily taken from Hurewitz, Mr. Peter Kawonczyk, Us. Paula Crews, Mr. Woodford C. Rhodes, Mr. Anthony them during the days of the New Deal Kolodich. DiBella, Mr. Thomas Malone, Mr. Sam Pal­ and, for a variety of reasons, the prohi­ Mr. Robert Kovacs, Mr. Steveplmache by Joan calendar month, February, April, June, Au­ European markets; the spreads between bid Danziger, Bill Steward, ceramicist, Norman gust, October, and December. The seller will and asked also have compared favorably Lablberte, Michelle Gamm, Clifton and Tom­ deliver to the buyer a negotiable receipt by with the latter. Indeed, Mr. Purves points ou~ my Simpson complete the list of artists repre­ an exchange-licensed depository, covering that on occasion Winnipeg prices even have sented in this show. The Renwick Gallery, gold which bears a serial number and the influenced the London cash market, instead through February 9, 1975. identifying stamp of an approved refiner. of the other way around. SUNDAY, OCTOBER 6 The Chicago Board of Trade, the nation's b iggest commodity exchange, which has been Sci-FI FESTIVAL.-It Came from Out er Space by Joseph M. Newman. 4 p.m. This t rading silver bar futures since 1969, also had MONTHLY CALENDAR OF THE Island Earth by Jack Arnold at 8 p.m. Car­ considered several types of gold contracts SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION michael Auditorium. History and Technology but, like Comex, settled on the kilo bar as Building. These showings conclude the series t he trading unit. Reason: it is the accepted organized by the Hayden Planetarium of the medium abroad and the exchange wants to best in science fiction films. $1.50 each pro­ attract foreign traders who already are fa­ HON. HENRY P. Srt1ITH III OF NEW YORK gram. Tickets will be sold at the door if miliar with the metric system. The contract available.• will be for 100 ounces, in three one-kilogram IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bars. TUESDAY, OCTOBER 8 Thursday, October 3, 1974 While no minimum margin has been pub­ MusEUM TALK.-8ubject to be announced. licly announced, minimum price fluctuation Mr. SMITH of New York. Mr. Speaker, 1 p.m. Carmichael Auditorium, History and will be 10 cents per ounce, or $9.64 per con­ it is my privilege to insert in the RECORD Technology Building. Free. tract. The maximum daily price fluctuation each month the Monthly Calendar of WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 9 limit would be $8 an ounce above or below the prior day's settlement price, with a maxi­ the Smithsonian Institution. The Octo­ FREE FILM THEATRE.-TO Search for Amer­ mum of $771.52 per contract. Deliveries will ber Calendar of Events follows: ica-the best, the most and the biggest-­ be made on depository vault receipts, issued insights into the American way. The Immi­ OCTOBER AT THE SMITHSONIAN grant Experience: The Long, Long Journey­ by gold storage institutions approved by the TUESDAY, OCTOBER 1 Exchange. a dramatization of the number and variety The International Monetary Market of the Mu sEUM TALK.-campaigning American of experiences that have made us. Complete Chicago Mercantile Exchange also has an­ St yle. Speaker: Herbert Collins, Associate program beigns 12:30 p.m. Carmichael Audi­ Curator, Political History. 1 p.m. Carmichael torium, History and Technology Building. nounced a basic contract of 100 ounces. Free. Min imum price fluctuations will be in mul­ Auditorium, History and Technology Build­ tiples of 10 cents an ounce, or $10 a cont ract. ing. Free. ILLUSTRATED LECTURE.-Contemporary Ni­ gerian Art. Speaker: Mrs. Jean Wolford. Mrs. The daily maximum price fluctuations will ANAIS NIN.-A reading and discussion of her works and life by the author. 8 p.m. Baird Wolford will discuss the origins and develop­ be $10 an ounce or $1,000 a contract above ment of the important art movement under­ or below the previous day's sett ling price. Auditorium, Natural History Bullding. Sold out. way in Oshogbo, Nigeria during the last dec­ MINI-SIZE CONTRACTS WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2 ade. Held in conjunction with the exhibition A different type of contract will be em­ currently on display at the gallery. 8 p.m. ployed by the Chicago-based Mid America FREE FILM THEATRE.-The Wizard Who The Renwick Gallery. Free. Exchange, which for over 100 years has been Spat on the Floor: Thomas Alva Edison. A biographical and historical film on the THURSDAY, OCTOBER 10 wooing smaller traders with mini-size con­ FREE FILM THEATRE.-To Search for A mer­ tracts in grains and metals. The third most genius, inventor, eccentric and the practical man. Actual film footage of Edison is in­ ica; The Immigrant Experience: The Long active exchange in America, Mid America in cluded. 12:30 p.m. Carmichael Auditorium, Long Journey. Repeat program. See October 9 recent years has been rapidly boosting its History and Technology Building. Free. for details. 12:30 p.m. Carmichael Auditor­ share of the market for rank-and-file inves­ ium, History and Technology Building. Free. THURSDAY, OCTOBER 3 t ors, t hanks to its low entrance stakes. LECTURE.-The British Style in Gardening. Between 196'/ and 1973, the number of CREATIVE SCREEN .-Gelede-Documentary Edward C. R. Fawcett of the British National contracts traded jumped from 235,000 to 3.9 covering t he poetic rituals, paint making Trust, will discuss the evolution of English million. Under its "odd-lotter" contract, cus­ and tradi tiona! and improvised dancing of landscape gardens and compare the main tomers will be able to trade gold in one kilo­ the masquerade festival of the Gelede, a se­ design elements of English gardens to those gram (32.15 ounces) units. The minimum cret society of Yoruba men in Nigeria. New of France, Italy and Holland. Mr. Fawcett daily price movement will be 10 cents an Images-The skills of craftsmen, dancers, is a member of the Council for the Protec­ ounce or $3.22 a contract; the maximum actors, musicians and designers of Oshogbo, tion of Rural England, the Institute of Land­ price limit will be $8 an ounce ($257.18). At a western Nigerian trading city and the focal scape Architects, and the Society of Architec­ least two other exchanges-the New York point for art in the African society. Com­ tural Historials. 8 p.m. Carmichael Auditor­ Mercantile and the Pacific Commodity Ex­ plete program begins 11 a.m. and 12:30 p .m. ium. History and Technology Building, $3.* The Renwick Gallery. Free. change-are readying gold contracts. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 11 Executives of the various exchanges are FREE FILM THEATRE.-The Wizard Who trying to determine what the demand and Spat on the Floor: Thomas Alva Edison. Re­ REHABILITATION MEDICINE FILMS.-The Flow trading pattern for gold will be once the peat program. See October 2 for details. 12:30 of Life, Washington Heart Association; The green light is :flashed. For clues they are p.m. Carmichael Auditorium, History and School that Love Built, Abilities Inc.; Be­ Technology Building. Free. cau se She Lived, Sister Kenny Foundation. studying the record of Canada's Winnipeg 12:30 p .m. Carmichael Auditorium, History gold futures exchange, the only one in exist­ FRIDAY, OCTOBER 4 a11d Technology Building. Free. ence. True, the former chairman, Robert REHABILITATION MEDICINE FILMS.-Quick­ SUNDAY, OCTOBER 13 Purves, believes his exchange's experience What's Your Blood Pressw·e, distributed by may not be indicative of what will happen the Washington Hearst Association; Kevin MUSEUM TALK.-Adventures Of an Art De­ in the U.S., because of the lat ter's much Is Four, distributed by Ohio State Univer­ tecti ve. Speaker: Alfred Frankenstein, art larger population ami the fact that Amer­ sity. 12:30 p .m. Carmichael Auditorium, His­ critic, San Francisco Chronicle. 2 p.m. Hirsh­ icans have been deprived of gold ownership tory and Technology Building. Similar films horn Museum and Sculpture Garden Audi­ so long. are shown each Friday in connection with torium. Free. This is the first lecture to be VOLUME SOARS the current exhibition, Triumph over Dis­ held in the newly opened museum. Nonetheless, the Winnipeg Exchange­ abilitv. Free. JAZZ HERITAGE SERIES.-The Bill Evans TTiO. which has 112 registered member firms, NATIONAL SHADOW THEATER OF MALAYSIA.­ Baird Auditorium, Natural History Building. some of which are U.S.-licensed dealers­ First program in a series entitled Man and Free Workshop 4:30p.m. Admission Concert reports that volume has soared since trad­ His Cult ure. 8 p.m. Baird Auditorium, 8 p.m. $4.50 general, with discounts avail­ ing began in November 1972. Last February, Museum of Natural History. $5.50 general; able for students, senior citizens and Resi­ at the peak of the gold fever during the discounts for students, senior citizens and dent Associates. For reservat ions call 381- energy crisis, trading reached a record 7,924 Resident Associates. Remaining programs are 5395. contracts. Currently volume ranges from 2 Y:! scheduled for November 17 and April 18. TUESDAY, OCTOBER 15 to 5 tons a day. Series tickets available. For reservations call EXHIBITION.-Abandoned Mines. Photo­ Untll recently, the minimu1n contract was 381- 5395. graphs and a.rti!acts depict what mining was 400 ounces; the exchange's margin, plus SATURDAY, OCTOBER 5 like in the once-booming "Tri-State" lead members' charges, amounted to $6,000 a con­ EXHIBITION .-Figure and Fantasy: Forty­ t r ct. However, last June, to attract smaller eight worlcs by six artists who have used Footnotes at end of article. October 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 33903 and zinc district of Kansas, Missouri, and ductory film defining the principal themes THURSDAY, OCTOBER 24 Oklahoma. Oil paintings of the quiet land­ and motifs. Subsequent programs are sched­ CREATIVE SCREEN.-Gelede,· New Images. scape as it is today contrasts with the scenes uled each Thursday for seven weeks. 6:30 and Repeat program. see October 3 for details. of earlier days. Museum of History and 8:30p.m. Baird Auditorium, Natural History 11 a.m. and 12:30 p.m. The Renwick Galley. Technology. · Building. Series tickets: $14. Individual pro­ Free. MusEuM TALK.-Restorations tor the Cen­ gram ticltets sold only at the door. $2. * FREE FILM THEATRE.-The Lure Of the Em­ termial Exhibition. Speaker: Bill Henson, EXHIBITION.-Plant Portraits. Fifty botani­ pire: America Debates Imperalism and Ted­ Conservation Laboratory, Smithsonian Insti­ cal watercolors of pharmaceutical plants, dy Roosevelt; The Right Man at the Right tution. 1 p.m. Carmichael Auditorium, His­ combining great accuracy with sensitive in­ Time. Repeat program. See October 23 for tory and Technology Building. Free. sight, painted by the late Ida Hrubesky Pem­ details. 12:30 p.m. Carmichael Auditorium, ILLUSTRATED LECTURE.-Victorian London. berton. Museum of Natural History, through History and Technology Building. Free. His Royal Highness the Duke of Gloucester December. ROMANTIC VERSUS CLASSIC ART.-Jacques will discuss the architectural development FRIDAY, OCTOBER 18 Louis David, Gian-Battista Piranesi and of London from Victorian times to the REHABILITATION MEDICINE FILMS.-Three Henry Fuseli. See October 17 for series de­ present. The Duke of Gloucester is a prac­ T i mes a Day, Washington Heart Association, tails. 6:30 and 8:30 p .m. Baird Auditorium, ticing architect in London and a member of Children and Language Disorders, Home of Natural History Building. Tickets sold at the Royal Institute of British Architects. Co­ Crippled Children; The Way Back, North­ the door. $2. • sponsored by the Victorian Society of Great western University. 12:30 p.m. Carmichael NATIONAL CAPITAL SHELL CLUB.-Monthly Britain, Inc. and the Smithsonian Resident Auditorium, History and Technology Build­ meeting and program 8 p.m. Speaker to be Associate Program. 6 p.m. Baird Auditorium, ing. Free. announced. Call 381-5604 for location. The Natural History Building. $4. * SUNDAY, OCTOBER 20 public is invited to attend. 'Free. ORIENTAL ART LECTURE.-Nizami's Kham­ CONETIC DANCE THEATRE.-Eight young ac­ FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25 sah: Modes of Illustration in 15th Century tor-dancers, directed by Martha Myers, REHABILITATION MEDICINE FILMS.-What Iran. Speaker: Dr. Priscilla Soucek, Univers­ Che.irman of the Connecticut College Dance Goes Up, Washington Heart Association; ity of Michigan. 8:30p.m. The Freer Gallery Department, present a program for children Smoking and Heart Disease. Washington of Art. Free. of improvisation, voice, acting techniques, Heart Association; Goodbye to Captain Hook, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 16 and choreographed movement. A workshop Dr. Leonard Bender. 12:30 p.m. Carmichael RECENT ACQUISITION.-Portrait Of John follows. Performance: 2 p.m.-$3. Workshop: Auditorium, History and Technology Build­ Brown, by Peter Hansen Balling, will be 3:30 p.m.-$2.50 Baird Auditorium, Natural ing. Free. placed on exhibition today at the National History Building. * SUNDAY, OCTOBER 2 7 Portrait Gallery, for a six-week period. WOMEN IN COUNTRY MUSIC.-Wilma Lee and LECTURE.-Mycenaeans and Phoenicians at LUNCHBOX FORUM-Apollo-Soyuz Test Stanley Cooper and the Clinch Mountain Kition. Dr. Vassos Karageorghis, Director of Project. Speaker: Susan McLafferty, The Cen­ Clan. 8 p.m. Baird Auditorium, Natural His­ Antiquities, Cyprus Museum in Nicosia, dis­ ter for Earth and Planet Studies, Nation­ tory Building. $5.50 general, with discounts cusses the recent excavations around Kition al Air and Space Museum. 12 noon. Room available for stu dents, senior citizens and that have uncovered the remains of a town W531-Botany Seminar Room. Natural His­ Resident Associates. For reservations call built by Achaeans from the Peloponnese in tory Building. Free. 381-5395. Presented by the Smithsonian Di­ the 13th century B.C. 7 p .m. Carmichael LUNCHEON TALK.-The Freer Collection Of vision of Performing Arts. Auditorium, History and Technology Build­ Chinese Ceramics. Speaker: Hin Cheung MONDAY, OCTOBER 21 ing. $3.* Lowell, Assistant Curat or, Freer Gallery of AUDUBON LECTURE.-North American Wild­ CONCERT.-The American Popular Song, Art. First in a series of slide-illustrated talks life. Speaker: Larry Linnard, wildlife pho­ featuring Margaret Whiting. 8 p .m. Baird on world-renowned porcelain collections. tographer and conservation lecturer, will Auditorium, Natural History Building. $5.50 Fee includes buffet luncheon. Remaining discuss North American wildlife and screen general, with discounts available for stu­ programs are scheduled for October 23, 30 his film showing the buffalo, caribou, wolver­ dents, senior citizens and Resident Associ­ and November 13, $12 individual program. ine, bighorn and pronghorn elk and Kodiak ates. Presented by the Smithsonian Division $42 series.* bear in their natural habitat. 5:30 and 8:30 of Performing Arts. For reservations call FREE FILM THEATRE.-The Masses and the p.m. Baird Auditorium, Natural History 381-6525. Millionaires: The Homestead Strike-the Building. Cosponsored by the National Au­ TUESDAY, OCTOBER 29 violent episode that led into the rise of or­ dubon Society and the Smithsonian Resident MUSEUM TALK.-Recipes, Remedies and ganized labor. Andrew Carnegie: The Gospel Associate Program. $3 adults; $1.50 children Cures jor the Teeth. Speaker: Everett Jack­ of Wealth-the amazing accumulation of under 16. Discounts available for members son, Museum Specialist, Division of Medical money and power that existed in the hands of both organizations.* Sciences. 1 p .m. Carmichael Auditorium, His­ of a few until fairly recently in our democ­ LECTURE.-Through Poetry and Glass to a tory and Technology Building. Free. View of Life. racy. Complete program begins 12:30 p.m. Laurence Whistler, distin­ WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 30 Carmichael Auditorium, History and Tech­ guished English glass engraver, links the nology Building. Free. mediums of poetry· and glass with readings FREE FILM THEATRE.-Catlin and the In­ CosMIC SAGA.-Dr. Richard Berendzen, as­ from his poetry and slides of his glass en­ dians-paintings by George Catlin and the tronomer and hist orian of science, will dis­ graving, as he discusses the ideas behind his Journal he kept of his travels. Custer: The cuss the origin and evolution of the universe, works. Mr. Whistler's poetry has won the American Surge Westward-the inevitable including the birth, life and death of stars, King's Gold Medal for Poetry. 8 p.m. The conflict between two forces that had become Brit ish Embassy Rotunda. $5. * obsolete. Complete program begins 12:30 culminating in such phenomena as black p.m. Carmichael Auditorium, History and holes. The emergence of life in this cosmic TUESDAY, OCTOBER 22 Technology Building. Free. setting, mankind's place in the universe and MUSEUM TALK.-Subject to be announced. LUNCHEON TALKS.-Eighteenth Century the possibility of extraterrestrial beings will 1 p.m. Carmichael Auditorium. History and German Porcelain, by Jay Jefferson Miller, also be examined. 8 p.m. Baird Auditorium, Technology Building. Free. Curator, Division of Ceramics and Glass, Natural History Building. $3.* WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 23 Smithsonian Institution. 12 noon. $12.50. THURSDAY, OCTOBER 1 7 LUNCHEON TALK.-SeV1'es: Porcelain Oj Free includes buffet luncheon. See October F'REE FILM T HEATRE.-The Masses and the Kings. Speaker: Carl Dauterman, Curator 16 for series details. Millionaires: The Homestead St·rike; Andrew Emeritus, European Decorative Arts, the CoNCERT.-Concentus Musicus, Vienna. Carnegie: The Gospel of Wealth, Repeat pro­ Metropolitan Museum of Art. 12 noon. $12.50. Chamber orchestra of Vienna performing gram. See October 16 for details. 12:30 p.m. Fee includes buffet luncheon. See October works by Handel, Pergolesi, Vivaldi, and Tele­ Carmichael Auditorium, History and Tech­ 16 for further details. manu. 8:30p.m. Hall of Musical Instruments, nology Building. Free. FREE FILM THEATRE.-The Lure Of Empire; History and Technology Building. $3.50 gen­ LECTURE.-Scottish Firearms. Speaker: America Debates Imperialism-the contro­ eral, $1 students and senior citizens. First Claude Blair, Keeper of Metalwork, Victoria versy over our annexation of the Philippines in a series of four concerts presented by the and Albert Museum, London. Presented by begins a debate that lasts to the present Division of Musical Instruments. Remaining the Smithsonian's Division of Military His­ time. Teddy Roosevelt: The Right Man at the programs are scheduled for November 2, 11, tory, Museum of History and Technology. 8 Right Time-the crucial influence of the and 25: Series tickets: $12. Call 381-6525 for p.m. Carmichael Auditorium, History and American presidency at a time of social and reservations. Technology Building. Free. economic transition. Complete program be­ THURSDAY, OCTOBER 31 ROMANTIC VERSUS CLASSIC ART.-A new film gins 12:30 p.m. Carmichael Auditorium, His­ FREE FILM THEATRE.-CatZin and the In­ series written and narrated by Lord Kenneth tory and Technology Building. Free. dians; and Custer: The American Surge West­ Clark, dealing with the turbulent world of PHILATELIC DEDICATORY LECTURE.-The Art ward. Repeat program. See October 30 for de­ late 18th and early 19th century painters and of Currier and Ives. Speaker: Sinclair Hitch­ tails. 12:30 p.m. Carmichael Auditorium, His­ sculptors. Each film is devoted to an individ­ ings, Keeper of Prints, Boston Public Library. tory and Technology Building. Free. ual artist whose work, themes and style are 8 p.m. Carmichael Auditorium, History and ROMANTIC VERSUS CLASSIC ART.-William investigated in depth. The first program, en­ Technology Building. Sponsored by the Blake and Francisco Goya. See October 17 for t itled The Romantic Rebellion, is an intro- Smithsonian Division of Postal History, Mu­ series details. 6:30 and 8:30 p.m. Natural seum of History and Technology, and the History Museum. Tickets sold at the door. Footnotes at end of article. U.S. Postal Service. Free. $2.* 33904 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 3, 1974 OTHER ACTIVITIES by European and American masters such as Behind the Scenes. (8-11 years) Zoo keep­ Sponsored by the Smithsonian Resident Rodin, Moore, Picasso, Calder, Manzu and ers will discuss their animal's living accom· Associate Program. Call 381-5157 for infor­ many others. The painting collection of 4000 modations, their general behavior and reac­ mation or reservations. works covers styles of modern American tion to people. A special tour of the Zoo AMERICAN THEATRE GREATS.-A series of paintings from the late 19th and the 20th commissary will show how food 1s prepared three American classics performed at the centuries; European painting of the last three for the animals. Saturdays 1-2 p.m.-eight Arena Stage followed by discussions with the decades is also well represented. Wet3ks. directors. A case party follows the second The IDrshhom Museum and Sculpture The Development of Play and Social Be­ production. October 22-Death of a Sales­ Garden will be open seven days a week from havior in Young Mammals. (adults) Young man by Arthur Miller. Zelda Fichandler, di­ 10 a.m. to 5:30p.m. except Christmas Day. It mammals from birth to maturity With em­ rector. November 12-Who's Afraid, of Vir­ is located on Independence Avenue at 8th phasis on social behavior and the art of ginia Woolf by Edward Albee. December to­ Street, SW. observing animals with a minimum or equip­ The Front Page by Ben Hecht and Charles EXPERIMENTARIUM ment. Saturdays 10:30 a.m.-noon-eight MacArthur. Edward Call, director. Series $27, Air and Space Building weeks. general; $22 Associates. To see the Earth as it truly it.-A journey HOURS-oPEN 7 DAYS A WEEK TOU1'S that begins in Washington, D.C., goes past Arts and Industries Building, National Air Calvert Cliffs Fossils, October 5 or 19. the moon, the solar system, the Milky Way and Space Museum, National Museum of His­ Shenandoah Valley Fossils. October 21, 27 galaxy to a hypothetical distant cluster of tory and Technology, and the National Mu­ or November 3.\ galaxies, and looks back at each point to see seum of Natural History. Freer Gallery of Art, Dixieland on the Potomac (cruise) . October the earth and its place in the universe. Tues­ National Collection of Fine Arts, Na.tlonal 23. days through Fridays-1:30, 2:30, 3:30, 4:30 Portrait Gallery. The Renwick Gallery, Harper's Ferry. October 20. p.m. Saturdays and Sundays-11 a.m., 12, 1, Smithsonian Institution Bttllding-10 a.m.- Chesapeake Bay Center for Environmental 2:30, 3:30,4:30 p.m. Please note: Shows start 5:30p.m. Studies. October 5, 19, or November 9. promptly, and doors cannot be opened for Anacostia Neighborhood Museum-10 a.m.- Georgetown's "Holy Hill". October 6 or 20. late arrivals. The show lasts 33 minutes. 6 p.m. Monday through Friday; 1-6 p.m. weekends. Fa.lllngwater, designed by Frank Lloyd DOMESTIC STUDY TOURS Wright. October 12, 26, November 16. National Zoo Buildings-9 a.m. to 4:30 Philadelphia Art Tour (2-days). October For information on the following tours, p.m. 17-18. contact Mrs. Howe, Room 106-Sl, Smith­ DEMONSTRATIONS sonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20650, History and Antiques in Marietta, Penna. Museum of History and Technology October 19 or November 9. or call 381-5910. Everglades: Nov. 10-15, 1974. Spinning and Weaving.-Tuesday through Classes Weekend at Sturbridge: Jan. 17-19, 1975. Thursday, 10 a.m.-2 p.m. 1st :floor. For a complete schedule for both adults Baja Whale Watch: Feb. 6-15, 1975. Printing anrl Typejounding.-Monday, and young people, call the Resident Associ­ RADIO SMITHSONIAN Tuesday, Thursday, Friday, 2-4 p.m., 3rd ates office. Adult classes in the Arts, Human­ :floor. ities, Sciences and Studio workshops begin Radio Smithsonian, a program of music Musical Instruments.-A selection of 18th the week of October 7. Young People's classes and conversation growing out of the Insti­ and 19th century instruments, and Amer­ (ages 3-18) begin the week of October 12. tution's many activities, is broadcast every ican folk instruments, Hall of Musical In­ Sunday on WGMS-AM (570) and FM (103.5) Workshops (Young People) struments, 3rd :floor, 11 a.m. Mondays and from 9-9:30 p .m. The program schedule for Fridays-18th century keyboard; Wednes­ Enameling. Conducted by Sylvia Hamers October: days-lutes and guitars; Thursdays-Folk. and Belle Kuhn. October 27 10 a.m.-1 p.m., 6th-Opening in Washington. A look at Machine Tools.-Tuesday tlu·ough Friday, October 27 (ages 9-12); 10 a.m.-4 p.m. (ages the Smithsonian's new Hirshhorn Museum 1-2 p.m. 1st :floor. 12-18). and Sculpture Garden, featuring an out­ MUSEUM TOURS Workshops (Ad·ults) standing collection of modern art. Guests in­ Advanced Photography Seminar. Con­ clude Joseph Hil:shhorn and museum director National Portrait Gallery.-Permanent col­ ducted by Ralph Hattersley. 5 weeks begin­ Abram Lerner. lections or special exhibition in the Minds ning October 15. $40 general; $32 Resident 13th-Thelonius Monk. Martin Williams, and Hearts of the People: Prolog'I.Le to Revo­ Associates. Director of the Smithsonian's Jazz Studies lution: 1760-1774. Daily between 10 a.m. and Creative Knitting. Conducted by Mary Program, focuses on one of the giants of 3p.m. Walker Phillips. 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. November contemporary jazz. Museum of History and Technology.­ 1 or 2. 20th-Life in the Ice Age. A look at the Highlights-Monday through Friday: 10:30, Pottery. Seminar (4 days). October 19, 20, great events of the Ice Age, including the 11:30 a.m. and 1:30 p.m. 26, and 27. Hancock, Maryland. $95 general; emergence of man, as depicted in a new ex­ Saturday and Sunday: 10:30 a.m., 12 noon, $80 Resident Associates. hibit at the Museum of Natural History. 1:30 p.m. and 3 p.m. HIRSHHORN MUSEUM AND SCULPTURE GARDEN 27th-To be announced. First Ladies Gowns-Monday through Fri­ day: 10:15 and 11:30 a.m. Opening October 4, the Smithsonian's new­ DIAL-A-PHENOMENON.-737-8855 for weekly announcements on stars, planets a.nd world­ Spirit of 1776.-Tuesday through Friday. est museum houses a collection of painting Group tours only, call 381-5030. and sculpture of the past 125 years. The wide occurrences of short-lived natural phe­ Inaugural Exhibition of approximately 400 nomena. MISCELLANEOUS paintings and 500 sculptures is arranged in DIAL-A-MUSEUM.-737-8811 for daily an­ CHANGE OF ADDRESS or calendar requests; historical sequence with European and Amer­ nouncements on new exhibits and special Mail to Central Information Desk, 'Great ican works side by side, reflecting major events. Hall, Smithsonian Institution Building, trends and styles that have evolved from the PUPPET THEATRE Washington, D.C. 20560. For changes of ad­ latter pa1·t of the 19th century to the present THE BOOK OF THREE, by Lloyd Alexander, dress, please include mailing label. time. Major art movements of the 20th cen­ performed by Allan Stevens and Company. Deadline for November calendar entries: tury are included such as Realism, Abstract The story follows a 13-year-old boy, eager to October 7. The Smithsonian Monthly Calen­ Expressionism, Pop and Minimal Art. The become an heroic adult but unable to find dar of Events is prepared by the Office oi Inaugural Exhibition will continue through the key, and the cast includes enchantresses, Public Affairs. Editor: Lilas Wilshire. September 15, 1975. an enchanter and bard with harp. Perform­ Use of funds for printing this publication On opening day-October 4-a bra-ss en­ ances are scheduled Wednesdays through approved by the Director of the Office of semble will provide music. Films and slides Sundays at 10:30 and 11:30 a.m., with an :Management and Budget, June 3, 1971. will be shown throughout the day in the added performance on Saturdays and Sun­ U.S. Government Printing Office: 1974- auditorium and a museum shop will offer an 546-600/15. days at 1:30 p.m. $1.25 per person with dis­ RECENTLY OPENED inaugural book, posters specially commis­ counts available for groups of 25. For infor­ sioned for the museum's opening and paint­ mation or reservations call 381-5395. Pre­ DEAN AcHESON PoRTRAIT, by Gardner Cox.­ ing reproductions. Self tours through use of A replica of the artist's earlier work that an audio-guide system, will be available at sented by the Smithsonian Institution Divi­ sion of Performing Arts. hangs in the State Department building. $1. Through October 15 at the National Portrait The entire sculpture collection is comprised ZOO CLASSES Gallery. of approximately 2000 works in every medium Three series of classes beginning October LIFE IN THE UNIVERSE.--8lide ShOWS, filml! 12, 1974, conducted at the Zoo and supple­ and other graphics speculate on the possi­ bility that there might be life beyond earth. *Indicates programs sponsored by the mented by slides and movies. Sponsored by Friends of the National Zoo. Call 232-7703 Drawings and cartoons furnish informtttion Sr.:!ithsonian Resident Associate Program. on earth-the only planet known to sup­ Discounts are available for members and for applications. port life-and other visuals portray strange students. For attendance or other informa­ Growing Up! Young Animals and Their forms of life one scientist considers could t ion call 381-5157. Unless otherwise lndi- World. (ages 5-7 years) How young animas possibly evolve on other plants. Chef Julia ated, tickets should be purchased in ad­ learn to survive, what they know by instinct Child is featured in a film preparing a pri­ vance, and will be sold at the door only if and how much is learned from parents and mOl·dial soup. Other films are Powe?"S of 10 t•" fli lable. peers. Sat urdays 9:30 a.m.-four weeks. by Charles Eames and Theories of the Origi n October 4, 1974 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 33905 of the Universe ana Solar System. A model Space Museum, Arts and Industries Build­ in the Discovery Room in the Museum o! of the Viking spacecraft scheduled to land ing. Natural History. Applicants must be willing on Mars in 1976 and a globe of Mars that to work one day a week on a regular basis. was mapped by Mariner 9 are among the DISCOVERY ROOM VOLUNTEERS Call Peggy Mahood, 381-5546 or 381-5985 for other objects on display. National Air and Volunteers are needed to conduct tours information and application.

SENATE-Friday, October 4, 1974 The Senate met at 9 a.m. e.nd was The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With­ LEGISLATIVE SESSION called to order by the President pro out objection, the nomination is con­ Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask tempore (Mr. EASTLAND). sidered and confirmed. unanimous consent that the Senate re­ sume the consideration of legislative PRAYER DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE business. The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward There being no objection, the Senate L. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following The second assistant legislative clerk resumed the consideration of legislative prayer: . proceeded to read sundry nominations business. in the Department of Defense. Come to us, Thou Light of the World, Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask to banish our doubt, restore our faith, unanimous consent that the nomina­ ORDER OF BUSINESS and direct our labors. Lift our eyes to tions be considered en bloc. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the wide horizons above the noise and The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With­ strife and tumult of our turbulent times. the Senator from New Hampshire desire out objection, the nominations are con­ to be heard? Help us to remember that each of us is sidered and confirmed en bloc. an immortal soul with an eternal des­ Mr. COTTON. No, Mr. President, I do tiny-that while we labor in the fields of not desire to be heard. time, life is finally assessed by the endur­ U.S. AIR FORCE Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I sug­ gest the absence of a quorum, with the ing dimension of eternity. Spare us from The second assistant legislative clerk being little souls with small ideas and time to be taken out of my time. proceeded to read sundry nominations The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The narrow views. Light up our days with in the U.S. Air Force. the knowledge that we belong to the clerk will call the roll. Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask The second assistant legislative clerk kingdom which is both visible and in­ unanimous consent that the nominations visible, temporal and eternal, a kingdom proceeded to call the roll. be considered en bloc. Mr. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. Mr. Presi­ of love and peace and joy. Then may we The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With­ offer our work to Thee and worship dent, I ask unanimous consent that the out objection, the nominations are con­ order for the quorum call be rescinded. Thee-the ever-living, ever-loving God, sidered and confirmed en bloc. to whom our prayer ascends. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With­ Through Him who is the Light of the out objection, it is so ordered. World. Amen. Mr. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. Mr. Presi­ U.S. ARMY dent, I understand that under the pre­ The second assistant legislative clerk vious order, the Senator from Connecti­ THE JOURNAL proceeded to read sundry nominations cut