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Paul Frenchfrench the OLD SHANGHAI A–Z
PaulPaul FrenchFrench THE OLD SHANGHAI A–Z 14/F Hing Wai Centre All rights reserved. No portion of 7 Tin Wan Praya Road this publication may be reproduced Aberdeen or transmitted in any form or by any Hong Kong means, electronic or mechanical, www.hkupress.org including photocopy, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in © Paul French, 2010 writing from the publisher. ISBN 978-988-8028-89-4 Cover design and page layouts by British Library Cataloguing-in- Alex Ng Kin Man, Twin Age Limited Publication Data. A catalogue record Email: [email protected] for this book is available from the British Library. Printed in China by Twin Age Limited, Hong Kong 2 THE OLD SHANGHAI A–Z Contents How to Use This Book .............................................................................6 Road Names Index – Past to Present .....................................................8 Road Names Index – Present to Past ..................................................26 The Flag and Seal of the Shanghai Municipality ..............................44 Road Names as History and Politics ...................................................46 The Boundaries ......................................................................................48 Building Shanghai’s Roads ....................................................................62 The Name Changing Begins .................................................................67 International Settlement A-Z ...............................................................72 -
Persistence Or Reversal of Fortune? Early State
PASXXX10.1177/0032329217704431Politics & SocietyFoa 704431research-article2017 Politics & Society 2017, Vol. 45(2) 301 –324 Persistence or Reversal © 2017 SAGE Publications Reprints and permissions: of Fortune? Early State sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav https://doi.org/10.1177/0032329217704431DOI: 10.1177/0032329217704431 Inheritance and the Legacies journals.sagepub.com/home/pas of Colonial Rule* Roberto Stefan Foa University of Melbourne Abstract This article assesses the relative merits of the “reversal of fortune” thesis, according to which the most politically and economically advanced polities of the precolonial era were subject to institutional reversal by European colonial powers, and the “persistence of fortune” view, according to which early advantages in state formation persisted throughout and beyond the colonial era. Discussing the respective arguments, the article offers a synthesis: the effect of early state formation on development trajectories was subject to a threshold condition. Non-European states at the highest levels of precolonial political centralization were able to resist European encroachment and engage in defensive modernization, whereas states closest to, yet just below, this threshold were the most attractive targets for colonial exploitation. Since the onset of decolonization, however, such polities have been among the first to regain independence and world patterns of state capacity are increasingly reverting to those of the precolonial era. Keywords colonialism, state formation, state capacity, decolonization, -
Ancient Polities, Modern States
Ancient Polities, Modern States The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Foa, Roberto. 2016. Ancient Polities, Modern States. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:26718768 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Ancient Polities, Modern States A dissertation presented by Roberto Stefan Foa to The Committee on Degrees in Government in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of Government Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts January 2016 c 2016 – Roberto Stefan Foa All rights reserved. Thesis advisor Author James A. Robinson Roberto Stefan Foa Ancient Polities, Modern States Abstract Political science is concerned with the study of polities. However, remarkably few scholars are familiar with the polities of the premodern era, such as Vijayanagara, Siam, Abyssinia, the Kingdoms of Kongo or Mutapa, or the Mysore or Maratha empires. This dissertation examines the legacies of precolonial polities in India, during the period from 1707 to 1857. I argue that, contrary to the widespread perception that the Indian subcon- tinent was a pre-state society, the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries were a time of rapid defensive modernization across the subcontinent, driven by the requirements of gunpowder weaponry and interstate warfare among South Asian regimes and against European colonial powers. -
China Versus Vietnam: an Analysis of the Competing Claims in the South China Sea Raul (Pete) Pedrozo
A CNA Occasional Paper China versus Vietnam: An Analysis of the Competing Claims in the South China Sea Raul (Pete) Pedrozo With a Foreword by CNA Senior Fellow Michael McDevitt August 2014 Unlimited distribution Distribution unlimited. for public release This document contains the best opinion of the authors at the time of issue. It does not necessarily represent the opinion of the sponsor. Cover Photo: South China Sea Claims and Agreements. Source: U.S. Department of Defense’s Annual Report on China to Congress, 2012. Distribution Distribution unlimited. Specific authority contracting number: E13PC00009. Copyright © 2014 CNA This work was created in the performance of Contract Number 2013-9114. Any copyright in this work is subject to the Government's Unlimited Rights license as defined in FAR 52-227.14. The reproduction of this work for commercial purposes is strictly prohibited. Nongovernmental users may copy and distribute this document in any medium, either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this copyright notice is reproduced in all copies. Nongovernmental users may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies they make or distribute. Nongovernmental users may not accept compensation of any manner in exchange for copies. All other rights reserved. This project was made possible by a generous grant from the Smith Richardson Foundation Approved by: August 2014 Ken E. Gause, Director International Affairs Group Center for Strategic Studies Copyright © 2014 CNA FOREWORD This legal analysis was commissioned as part of a project entitled, “U.S. policy options in the South China Sea.” The objective in asking experienced U.S international lawyers, such as Captain Raul “Pete” Pedrozo, USN, Judge Advocate Corps (ret.),1 the author of this analysis, is to provide U.S. -
A Brief History of Vietnam
A Brief History of Vietnam Prehistory Inhabited by human beings for hundreds of thousands of years, the area of Southeast Asia now called Vietnam was the site of a civilization that engaged in agriculture and pottery-making as early as 6,000 BC, roughly the same time such activities began in the city-states of ancient Mesopotamia. During this period, a succession of dynasties ruled the structured society that developed among the varied and changing ethnic groups living in the region. The Emergence of Vietnam The rulers of the Trieu dynasty (207-111 BC), the first to identify themselves as Vietnamese, governed a kingdom called “Nam Viet” encompassing parts of what is now Guangdong in southern China as well as the northern portion of what is now Vietnam. Chinese Domination and Vietnamese Rebellion (111 BC–939 AD) In 111 BC, Chinese troops invaded Nam Viet, established new territories and installed Chinese officials to govern the area, except for portions of the highlands where some of the original Vietnamese nobles managed to retain control. Chinese domination of the region continued for a thousand years, interrupted periodically by Vietnamese revolts. In 40 AD, the Trung Sisters led a successful rebellion against the Chinese, recapturing much of northern Vietnam. When one of the sisters proclaimed herself Queen, the Chinese Emperor sent a large army to quell the revolt. After a long, difficult campaign, the Chinese suppressed the uprising in 43 AD and the Trung Sisters committed suicide to avoid capture. Ever since, the sisters have been revered in Vietnam as exemplars of sacrificial service to the nation. -
Indians As French Citizens in Colonial Indochina, 1858-1940 Natasha Pairaudeau
Indians as French Citizens in Colonial Indochina, 1858-1940 by Natasha Pairaudeau A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of London School of Oriental and African Studies Department of History June 2009 ProQuest Number: 10672932 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10672932 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Abstract This study demonstrates how Indians with French citizenship were able through their stay in Indochina to have some say in shaping their position within the French colonial empire, and how in turn they made then' mark on Indochina itself. Known as ‘renouncers’, they gained their citizenship by renoimcing their personal laws in order to to be judged by the French civil code. Mainly residing in Cochinchina, they served primarily as functionaries in the French colonial administration, and spent the early decades of their stay battling to secure recognition of their electoral and civil rights in the colony. Their presence in Indochina in turn had an important influence on the ways in which the peoples of Indochina experienced and assessed French colonialism. -
Appendix Appendix
APPENDIX APPENDIX DYNASTIC LISTS, WITH GOVERNORS AND GOVERNORS-GENERAL Burma and Arakan: A. Rulers of Pagan before 1044 B. The Pagan dynasty, 1044-1287 C. Myinsaing and Pinya, 1298-1364 D. Sagaing, 1315-64 E. Ava, 1364-1555 F. The Toungoo dynasty, 1486-1752 G. The Alaungpaya or Konbaung dynasty, 1752- 1885 H. Mon rulers of Hanthawaddy (Pegu) I. Arakan Cambodia: A. Funan B. Chenla C. The Angkor monarchy D. The post-Angkor period Champa: A. Linyi B. Champa Indonesia and Malaya: A. Java, Pre-Muslim period B. Java, Muslim period C. Malacca D. Acheh (Achin) E. Governors-General of the Netherlands East Indies Tai Dynasties: A. Sukhot'ai B. Ayut'ia C. Bangkok D. Muong Swa E. Lang Chang F. Vien Chang (Vientiane) G. Luang Prabang 954 APPENDIX 955 Vietnam: A. The Hong-Bang, 2879-258 B.c. B. The Thuc, 257-208 B.C. C. The Trieu, 207-I I I B.C. D. The Earlier Li, A.D. 544-602 E. The Ngo, 939-54 F. The Dinh, 968-79 G. The Earlier Le, 980-I009 H. The Later Li, I009-I225 I. The Tran, 1225-I400 J. The Ho, I400-I407 K. The restored Tran, I407-I8 L. The Later Le, I4I8-I8o4 M. The Mac, I527-I677 N. The Trinh, I539-I787 0. The Tay-Son, I778-I8o2 P. The Nguyen Q. Governors and governors-general of French Indo China APPENDIX DYNASTIC LISTS BURMA AND ARAKAN A. RULERS OF PAGAN BEFORE IOH (According to the Burmese chronicles) dat~ of accusion 1. Pyusawti 167 2. Timinyi, son of I 242 3· Yimminpaik, son of 2 299 4· Paikthili, son of 3 . -
Crossing Cultural, National, and Racial Boundaries: Portraits of Diplomats and the Pre-Colonial French-Cochinchinese Exchange, 1787-1863
CROSSING CULTURAL, NATIONAL, AND RACIAL BOUNDARIES: PORTRAITS OF DIPLOMATS AND THE PRE-COLONIAL FRENCH-COCHINCHINESE EXCHANGE, 1787-1863 Ashley Bruckbauer A thesis submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Art. Chapel Hill 2013 Approved by: Mary D. Sheriff Lyneise Williams Wei-Cheng Lin © 2013 Ashley Bruckbauer ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT ASHLEY BRUCKBAUER: Crossing Cultural, National, and Racial Boundaries: Portraits of Diplomats and the pre-colonial French-Cochinchinese Exchange, 1787-1863 (Under the direction of Dr. Mary D. Sheriff) In this thesis, I examine portraits of diplomatic figures produced between two official embassies from Cochinchina to France in 1787 and 1863 that marked a pre- colonial period of increasing contact and exchange between the two Kingdoms. I demonstrate these portraits’ departure from earlier works of diplomatic portraiture and French depictions of foreigners through a close visual analysis of their presentation of the sitters. The images foreground the French and Cochinchinese diplomats crossing cultural boundaries of costume and customs, national boundaries of loyalty, and racial boundaries of blood. By depicting these individuals as mixed or hybrid, I argue that the works both negotiated and complicated eighteenth- and nineteenth-century divides between “French” and “foreign.” The portraits’ shifting form and function reveal France’s vacillating attitudes towards and ambivalent foreign policies regarding pre-colonial Cochinchina, which were based on an evolving French imagining of this little-known “Other” within the frame of French Empire. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis would not have been possible without the support and guidance of several individuals. -
La Minoranza Vietnamita in Cambogia Durante Il Processo Di Unificazione Dell’Indocina (1887 - 1930)
Università degli Studi di Cagliari DOTTORATO DI RICERCA Storia Istituzioni Relazioni Internazionali dell’Asia e dell’Africa Moderna e Contemporanea Ciclo XXII La minoranza vietnamita in Cambogia durante il processo di unificazione dell’Indocina (1887 - 1930) Settore scientifico disciplinare di afferenza SPS/14 Presentata da: Stefania Boi Coordinatore Dottorato: Prof.ssa Bianca Maria Carcangiu Tutor: Prof.ssa Annamaria Baldussi Esame finale anno accademico 2009 - 2010 2 Mai dimenticherò il tuo nome, luminosa protagonista di kosen-rufu, di te, stai certa, il tuo maestro è fiero. A Daisaku Ikeda, il mio Sensei 3 4 Indice Introduzione 9 1. Il movimento migratorio vietnamita in Cambogia durante il periodo coloniale 13 1.1. Caratteristiche della Cambogia favorevoli all’immigrazione 13 1.2. L’immigrazione vietnamita in Cambogia 16 1.3. La marcia verso Sud o Nam Tiên 18 1.4. La decadenza del regno Khmer 20 1.5. Dai matrimoni alla colonizzazione sistematica 21 1.6. Dalla colonizzazione all’annessione 24 1.7. Il ruolo della Francia e la creazione dell’Unione Indocinese 27 1.8. Pregiudizi razziali e immigrazione vietnamita in funzione filo-francese 30 2. La colonia vietnamita dei pescatori 33 2.1. L'arrivo dei pescatori vietnamiti e la concessione della pesca 33 2.2. Le colonie permanenti di pescatori vietnamiti. La Pianura dei Laghi 36 2.3. Le colonie della Pianura dei Quattro Bracci 39 2.4. Le colonie della costa del Golfo del Siam 39 2.5. Le migrazioni stagionali 40 2.6. Gli insediamenti e gli agglomerati temporanei 41 2.7. L'attività delle riserve di pesca. -
Cambogia=Cambodia=Campucea= Kampuchea=Cambodge=Khmer
CAMBOGIA CAMBOGIA=CAMBODIA=CAMPUCEA= KAMPUCHEA=CAMBODGE=KHMER Roat Kampuchea Regno di Cambogia Phnum Penh=Phnom Penh 400.000 ab. Kmq. 181.035 (178.035)(181.000)(181.040) Compreso Kmq. 3.000 di acque interne Dispute con Tailandia per: - Territorio di Preah Vihear (occupato Cambogia) - Poi Pet Area (occupato Tailandia) - Buri=Prachin Buri Area (occupato Tailandia). Dispute con Vietnam per: - Cocincina Occidentale e altri territori (occupati Vietnam) - alcune isole (occupate Vietnam): - Dak Jerman=Dak Duyt - Dak Dang=Dak Huyt - La Drang Area - Baie=Koh Ta Kiev Island - Milieu=Koh Thmey Island - Eau=Koh Sep Island - Pic=Koh Tonsay Island - Northern Pirates=Koh Po Island Rivendica parte delle Scarborough Shoals (insieme a Cina, Taivan, Vietnam, Corea, Malaisia, Nuova Zelanda). Dispute con Tailandia per acque territoriali. Dispute con Vietnam per acque territoriali. Movimento indipendentista Hmon Chao Fa. Movimento indipendentista Khmer Krom. Ab. 7.650.000---11.700.000 Cambogiani=Cmeri=Khmer (90%) - Cmeri Candali=Khmer Kandal=Cmeri Centrali=Central Khmers (indigeni) - Cmeri Cromi=Khmer Krom (cmeri insediati nella Cambogia SE e nel Vietnam Meridionale) - Cmeri Surini=Khmer Surin (cmeri insediati nella Cambogia NO e nelle province tailandesi di Surin, Buriram, Sisaket - Cmeri Loeu=Cmeri Leu=Khmer Loeu (termine ombrello per designare tutte le tribù collinari della Cambogia)(ca. 100.000 in tutto): - Parlanti il Mon-Cmero=Mon-Khmer (94%) - Cacioco=Kachok - Crungo=Krung - Cui=Kuy - Fnongo=Phnong - Tampuano=Tampuan (nella provincia di Ratanakiri NE) -
Nationalism in the Republic of Vietnam (1954-1963)
Contested Identities: Nationalism in the Republic of Vietnam (1954-1963) By Nu-Anh Tran A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Peter Zinoman, Chair Professor Penny Edwards Professor Kerwin Klein Spring 2013 Contested Identities: Nationalism in the Republic of Vietnam (1954-1963) Copyrighted 2013 by Nu-Anh Tran Abstract Contested Identities: Nationalism in the Republic of Vietnam (1954-1963) by Nu-Anh Tran Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Berkeley Professor Peter Zinoman, Chair This dissertation presents the first full-length study of anticommunist nationalism in the Republic of Vietnam (RVN, 1954-1975, or South Vietnam). Specifically, it focuses on state nationalism during the rule of Ngô Đình Diệm (1954-1963). Conventional research depicts the Vietnam War (1954-1975) as a conflict between foreign intervention and indigenous nationalism, but this interpretation conflates Vietnamese communism with Vietnamese nationalism and dismisses the possibility of nationalism in the southern Republic. Using archival and published sources from the RVN, this study demonstrates that the southern regime possessed a dynamic nationalist culture and argues that the war was part of a much longer struggle between communist and anticommunist nationalists. To emphasize the plural and factional character of nationalism in partitioned Vietnam, the study proposes the concept of contested nationalism as an alternative framework for understanding the war. The dissertation examines four elements of nationalism in the Republic: anticommunism, anticolonialism, antifeudalism, and Vietnamese ethnic identity. The first chapter argues that the government and northern émigré intellectuals established anticommunism as the central tenet of Republican nationalism during the Denounce the Communists Campaign, launched in 1955. -
Historical Dictionary of World War II France Historical Dictionaries of French History
Historical Dictionary of World War II France Historical Dictionaries of French History Historical Dictionary of the French Revolution, 1789–1799 Samuel F. Scott and Barry Rothaus, editors Historical Dictionary of Napoleonic France, 1799–1815 Owen Connelly, editor Historical Dictionary of France from the 1815 Restoration to the Second Empire Edgar Leon Newman, editor Historical Dictionary of the French Second Empire, 1852–1870 William E. Echard, editor Historical Dictionary of the Third French Republic, 1870–1940 Patrick H. Hutton, editor-in-chief Historical Dictionary of the French Fourth and Fifth Republics, 1946–1991 Wayne Northcutt, editor-in-chief Historical Dictionary of World War II France The Occupation, Vichy, and the Resistance, 1938–1946 Edited by BERTRAM M. GORDON Greenwood Press Westport, Connecticut Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Historical dictionary of World War II France : the Occupation, Vichy, and the Resistance, 1938–1946 / edited by Bertram M. Gordon. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0–313–29421–6 (alk. paper) 1. France—History—German occupation, 1940–1945—Dictionaries. 2. World War, 1939–1945—Underground movements—France— Dictionaries. 3. World War, 1939–1945—France—Colonies— Dictionaries. I. Gordon, Bertram M., 1943– . DC397.H58 1998 940.53'44—dc21 97–18190 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright ᭧ 1998 by Bertram M. Gordon All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 97–18190 ISBN: 0–313–29421–6 First published in 1998 Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc.