Local Practical Responses to Climate Change: Experiences of Local Thailand Environment Institute GtdShliThildGovernments and Schools in Thailand Initiatives

2nd High Level Seminar on Environmentally Sustainable Cities Kitakyushu, March 15-16, 2011 supporting local governments , communities and schools Chamniern Paul Vorratnchaiphan PhD. in coppging climate chang e chamniern@tei. or. th Thailand Environment Institute (www.tei.or.th)

• implementation period: 2002‐2005 Cities for Climate Protection Campaign (CCP) •A global campaign of ICLEI‐local governments for sustainability

•6 cities in Thailand participated (Chiang Mai, Phuket, Nonthaburi, Klang, Rayong and Tungsong)

(more info about ICLEI campaign—www.iclei.org)

Objectives 2. Energy efficiency for streetlights

•Retrofitting incandescent lamps with CFL. Assist cities to adopt policies and implement quantifiable measures to reduce local •Retrofitting of traffic lights with LEDs and greenhouse gas emissions, improve air quality, using solar cell and enhance urban livabili ty and sustaina bility • Inst alli ng low loss bblltallast

Energy saving 77,900 kWh / year Total GHG emission reduction 44 tonnes / year 3. City Greening 4. Waste minimization 4.1 Producing Fertilizer from Organic Waste and Transforming bio‐gas to Energy

• Planting trees in public area • Reducing organic waste sent to landfill • Reforestation mangrove forest 60 tonnes/day • Producing Fertilizer 5,800 tonnes/year • Producing electricity from biogas 5,100 KWhr /year MthMethane C ap ture •Total GHG emission reduction 14,179 tonnes/year Total GHG emission reduction 41 tonnes / year

Since 2005, TEI in collaboration with Toyota Motor Japan Stop Global Warming and Thailand •to create better understanding about climate change Local Initiatives: Local Governments and Schools and global warming and encourage the participating schools and municipalities •to efficiently manage their resources as part of the efforts in reducing greenhouse gases emissions •to encourage the co‐operation among local governments, schools and communities to work together to reduce GHG emissions.

Output of the Project Project Main Activities

1T1.Tra in ing WWkhorkshop of Stop Glo ba l WWiarming TTkask Force, • 187 municipalities 252 schools in 76 provinces consisting of municipal staff and school teachers 2. Young Generation Leaders. Youth camp: Climate Change • 534 activities such as sustainable transportation, Knowledge, leadership training, Stop Global Warming waste minimization} promoting energy efficiency Commitments and Initiatives, collaborative action plans 3. Launching Stop Global Initiatives in each city and schools and urban greening 4. Learning and Sharing: Monitoring, Evaluation, Exhibition, Awards •Total GHG emission reduction 3,235 tonnes/year Youth camp Exhibition Stop global warming

Global Warming Learning Centre

ShSchoo ls for BttBetter Cli ma te

Integrating Climate Change in Teaching Curricula ‐Northern‐ 20 pilot schools 1. Wiang Kalong Wittaya, Chiang Rai 2. Kawila Wittayalai, Chiang Mai 3. Chalermkwan Satree, Phitsanulok 4. Ban Kang Chatchavalit Wittaya, Objectives Nakhornsawan

‐Central‐ ‐Northeastern‐ 1. Kanarat Bamrung 1. Pudsa Pittayakom, 1. To support teachers in educating and raising awareness Pathumthani, Pathumthani Nakhornratchasrima 2. Pichaya Suksa, Nonthaburi 2. Bandu Saharat Wittaya, of school‐children on global warming and climate 3. Wat Samaedam, Bangkok Nakhornratchasrima 4. Pramoch Wittaya Ramintra, 3. Ban KKkkokko, Khonk ean Bangkok 4. Rajprachanuchroh 29, change issue; and Srisaket 2. To enhance the role of schools in improving country‐ ‐Southern‐ ‐Eastern‐ 1. Wat Kaopranim, Suratthani 1. Prachinratsadorn Amroong, wide actions for better climate and mitigate global 2. Klongphon Sarit Pittaya, Prachinburi Krabi 2. St. Joseph Rayong, Rayong warming problems 3. Wat Satit Chonlatan, 3. Siyanuson, Chantaburi Songkhla 4. Tedsaban Watkampang 4. SiSrinagari nd ra the PiPrincess Udompittayakorn, Chonburi Mother Phuket, Phuket

Knowledge Management Manual for Teachers in Protecting Climate

Part I Content - Climate System - RditiRadiative E nergy BlBalance Training on Climate Change for - Climate Change - Impact of Climate Change Municipalities - Climate Change Protection - How to Make Different for Better Climate In 5 Regional Learning Centers of Municipal League of Thailand Part II Guideline for learning activities

Part III Examples of Learning Activities

Objectives Project Main Activities

1.To ddevelopevelop operational guidelines on Climate Protection 1. Develop curriculum and training material and Global Warming Abatement for Local Gov ernment 2. Municipal staff training on global warming and Organization climate change 2. To provide knowledge and understanding on Climate 3. Support the pilot municipals to do projects on Change and Global Warming for Executives and municipal staff Climate Change Protection and Global Warming Abatement 3. To promote participation of Local Government OitiOrganization in clima te prottitection reltdlated to current 4. Resulting reporting and monitoring and evaluation to situations and problems the pilot municipals Output of the project Local Governments :

How to Mitigate GHG VCD Global warming exhibition •Part 1 –Global Warming Content composed of: ‐ Statistic and date on • Part 2 – Example of municipal temperature iiincreasing activities on Global Warming ‐ How the Global temperature Abatement increasing? ‐ Impact of Global Warming to cities ‐ What we are doing to abate the Global Warming? ‐ How the LGO participate in Global Warming Abatement? ‐ Example of LGO’ s project on Global Warming Abatement

Adaptation Framework to Global Warming

Study the risks of communities and other groups (at a level of impact might cause the different damages on communities Key Success FFtactors and groups)

• Political Leadership Community’s Risk Evaluation Capacity and Adaptation Evaluation of • Methodology (data collection, concrete results) from the impacts of climate different groups and community change • Participations (schools, communities, local governments, local NGO, etc.) Community Technician/Researcher Government

• Partners (private sectors, international Adaptation to Climate Change organizations, NGOs, etc.) Local wisdom Economic and Social Government Mechanism Policy Reduce impacts Reduce damages (Prevention) (Increase Capacity)

Objectives Suffi c iency : 1. To advocate high potential schools to conduct a curriculum reform under the concept of “Sufficiency: A Road A RRdoad to RdReduce Glob al WiWarming to Reduce Global Warming (S‐ReGlow)” in order for these schools to serve as a learning source and model for other An Initi ati ve and CCtibtiontribution from PPirivat e Energy PPidrovider SStector to schools in the region in the context of energy and 5 Regional School Networks environmental conservation, global climate protection, as well as global warming mitigation. 2. To disseminate the guidelines for the curriculum reform in relation to the climate change and global warming mitigation to at least other fourteen schools in every regions. 3. To promote children’s roles in the participation and initiatives of promoting the public awareness in the issues of climate change and global warming. Project Main Activities 1. Select high potential schools to serve as the learning centers for each region. 2..ProvProvide the traiiining to ten teachers from each lilearning center. 3. Establish seven learning centers in every region in the country. 4. Conduct a contest of the learning media. 5. Extend the network to be two schools for each learning centers for the total of 14 schools. 6. Hold a workshop to gather the participants from fourteen schools in the network. 7. Organize the exhibition on “Youths of the next generation care for the global climate”. 8. Produce the media and publication regarding the global warming in order to disseminate to the general public.

Objectives

1. To engage and build awareness and capacity for urban climate change resilience in Chiang Rai and Hat Yai, through multi‐stakeholder processes to identify and assess current and Asian Cities Climate Change future city‐level climate risks and vulnerabilities. Resili ence NNtetwork (ACCCRN) 2. To facilitate the creation of Thailand city network to share knowledge, practice and City Engagement and Capacity Development experience on urban climate change resilience 3. To identify, develop and launch pilot projects in conjunction with city stakeholders based upon clearly articulated objectives and criteria

Objectives Selected Cities Chiang Rai City Tha iland Chiang Rai Province

4. To develop a city climate resilience strategy for the ttowo core cities with possible interventions 5. To landscape and pursue opportunities to engage national agencies, ministries and departments that could help advance broader funding and policy support for urban climate change resilience in Thailand

Hat Yai City Song Kla Province Urban Climate Vulnerability

Urban system analysis ‐ How does the city work? Climate change impacts ‐ What are the direct and Urban systems indirect impacts of climate Cities are complex systems Urban change? involving inter‐linkages among various systems critical for effective functioning: • Ecosystems Climate change • Physical/Built infrastructure UbUrban areas are • Social systems already at risk to a • Economic/ Financial systems range of climate and “Shared Learning Dialogues (SLD)” weather related hdhazards. Climat e is the process to build cities ’ understanding of concepts, change is likely to frameworks and applied methodologies for shared Vulnerable groups Vulnerability Climate alter the nature of ‐ Who is least able to hazards, their learning and resilience planning respond to shocks and frequency, iitntensit y and duration. stresses? Consequently, impacts will dramatically affect Vulnerability in urban context urban systems and The inability of different sections of the communities. population to access urban systems that meet bbiasic needs and fftoster opportunity. A range of environmental, economic, social/institution and physical factors contribute to vulnerability at multiple scales

SLDDeliverables Activities Deliverables

• Consensus developed on City‐level • City‐level climate current climate change risks climate assessed, highli gh ti ng Chiang Rai City Climate Resilience Strategy SLD 1 faced by the city assessments areas of vulnerability • Vulnerable groups and • Specific sectors of areas preliminarily identified climate impact climate resilience strategies and Vulnerability for vulnerability assessments highlighted for in‐depth assessments analysis planned specific adaptation actions are to tackle water issues Specific SLD 2 • Combination of new • Specific sector studies of sector knowledge and climate impact identified studies applied experience • Pilot ideas and proposals • Results of sector generated with criteria and Workshop Workshop studies documented guidelines developed, for pilot project for pilot project • Implementation of based on identification of proposals selection pilot projects city needs and priorities

Pilot project SLD 3 • Impacts of pilot projects • Results of sector studies and monitoring measured Visi on : The peop le o f Muang Chiang to‐date pilot projects and • Development of urban discussed and consolidated evaluation Rai gain knowledge and understanding •Frameworks for monitoring climate resilience and evaluation of impacts of Urban climate strategies and ppproposals of and adapt to changing climate pilot projects designed and resilience • Documentation of developed strategies lessons learned, best and its impacts planning practices and innovation

Capacity building of all stakeholders for participatory planning to prepare for climate change and to increase climate resilience DdtbdDev. data based sys tem Increase coope ration among the Hat Yai City Climate Resilience Strategy related to climate change relevant stakeholders (gov., as a resource center community, civil society) Increase capacity of local gov. and other related gov. • The sh or t-tttiterm strategies org at the city level (2011-2013) are sppyecifically to tackle Chiangrai Li vabl e and L ow carb on cit y immediate flood issues, City development and Building capacity and raising awareness on • The long-term strategy Governance climate change to local people plan (to 2020) focuses on the water resource Environment and sanitation, social order, migrations management of the reduce climate vulnerability of the Songkhla Lake Basin, Promote Eco-tourism agricultural sector which encompasses managementtift practices of Develop new Increase cooperation Promote Strengthen tourism among local gov., integrated water mgt. water supply, water attractions based community, and local agricultural system for pollution and flood on eco-tourism tourism operators to production/ agricultural concept use green products, organic agriculture sector green/green tourism Hat Yai Climate Resilience Strategy Causes and Effects of Urban Environment in ((gFlooding Prevention) connection to Climate Change

Internal Factors Density, Slums, Homelessness Strengthening local Increasing capacity AitAppropriate Population Growth / Migration communities and Land use conflicts and management of infrastructure and networks to cooperate early warning system related government Over Consumption Pollution: Air, Water, in flooding issue development Garbage, Scenery org. Urban Sprawl Non-Effective use of Natural Resource Destruction natural resources .Urbanization/U Economic Growth & Competition rban Poor Biodiversity Deterioration . Degraded Quality of Life City planning and development Capitalization Trend Environment Low Quantity of Life (Vulnerable Group) Restoration, & safety City development Technologies Exchange conservation & mgt. Improve life quality, infrastructure toward livable city Less Green Areas of water resources , (b(urban p lann ing, and services of vulnerable Globalization community groups to flood retention areas & governance, etc.) ecosystems Lost Urban Identity impacts Climate Change Mainstreaming and integration of climate Disaster Create job/livelihood after flooding adaptation into planning and development at and other the U-Tapao River basin level External Factors

Holistic and Integrated View of Strategies Towards Low Carbon Environment and Climate Change Society, City and Community

Carbon Mitigation of Green House minimization Gases in all Sectors (Households, Transportation, Industry) Sustainable consumption Adapt ati on M easures and production towards Sufficiency

Co-existing Human Se ttlement s, G reen with nature Infrastructure, Ecological Planni ng and D eve lopmen t

HM King’s Philosophy of "Sufficiency Economy” Change Now for All Tomorrow Mindful living Be realized that everything comes The Middle Path from “energy” Reasonable Moderation Thoughtful hearing and learning. Utilize science and Reasonableness “Immune” technology for a more sustainable Benevolent System world friendshippg: Giving MlMoral and sharing Knowledge

Wis dom Con dit ion Moral Condition Practical actions (an application of knowledge (honesty, integrity, diligence, Self-help Community with due consideration and pp,p)atience, perseverance) organization prudence ) Leading to SlfSelf-iitimmunity Networking/Partnership Moderation e.g. Eco labeling Sustainable consumption • ชีวิตLife/Economic/Social/เศรษฐกิจ/สงคมั • avoid meat • seasonal vegetables and fruits สมดBalance/Stable/Sustainableุล/มนคงั่ /ยั่งยืน • Organic farming and organic products Chamniern Paul Vorratnchaiphan Senior Director

Thailand Environment Institute (TEI) 16/151 Muang Thong Thani, Bond Street Road, Bangpood, Pakkred Nonthaburi 11120

Tel. +66 (0) 2503 3333 ext 206 Fax. +66 (0) 2504 4826‐8 Website : www.tei.or.th