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Scripture Translations in Kenya
/ / SCRIPTURE TRANSLATIONS IN KENYA by DOUGLAS WANJOHI (WARUTA A thesis submitted in part fulfillment for the Degree of Master of Arts in the University of Nairobi 1975 UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI LIBRARY Tills thesis is my original work and has not been presented ior a degree in any other University* This thesis has been submitted lor examination with my approval as University supervisor* - 3- SCRIPTURE TRANSLATIONS IN KENYA CONTENTS p. 3 PREFACE p. 4 Chapter I p. 8 GENERAL REASONS FOR THE TRANSLATION OF SCRIPTURES INTO VARIOUS LANGUAGES AND DIALECTS Chapter II p. 13 THE PIONEER TRANSLATORS AND THEIR PROBLEMS Chapter III p . ) L > THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRANSLATORS AND THE BIBLE SOCIETIES Chapter IV p. 22 A GENERAL SURVEY OF SCRIPTURE TRANSLATIONS IN KENYA Chapter V p. 61 THE DISTRIBUTION OF SCRIPTURES IN KENYA Chapter VI */ p. 64 A STUDY OF FOUR LANGUAGES IN TRANSLATION Chapter VII p. 84 GENERAL RESULTS OF THE TRANSLATIONS CONCLUSIONS p. 87 NOTES p. 9 2 TABLES FOR SCRIPTURE TRANSLATIONS IN AFRICA 1800-1900 p. 98 ABBREVIATIONS p. 104 BIBLIOGRAPHY p . 106 ✓ - 4- Preface + ... This is an attempt to write the story of Scripture translations in Kenya. The story started in 1845 when J.L. Krapf, a German C.M.S. missionary, started his translations of Scriptures into Swahili, Galla and Kamba. The work of translation has since continued to go from strength to strength. There were many problems during the pioneer days. Translators did not know well enough the language into which they were to translate, nor could they get dependable help from their illiterate and semi literate converts. -
Cover Page the Handle Holds Various Files of This Leiden University Dissertation. Author: Lima
Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/85723 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation. Author: Lima Santiago J. de Title: Zoonímia Histórico-comparativa: Denominações dos antílopes em bantu Issue Date: 2020-02-26 729 ANEXO 1: TABELA RECAPITULATIVA DAS PROTOFORMAS Nas protoformas provenientes do BLR (2003) e nas reconstruções de outros autores (majoritariamente, Mouguiama & Hombert, 2006), as classes nominais em negrito e sublinhadas, são sugestões da autora da tese. Significados Reconstruções Propostas Propostas do BLR e de de correções (De Lima outros autores Santiago) *-bʊ́dʊ́kʊ́ °-bʊ́dʊ́gʊ́ (cl. 9/10, 12/13) °-cénda (cl. 12/13) Philantomba °-cótɩ́ monticola (cl. 12/13) *-kùengà > °-kùèngà (cl. 11/5, 7/8) °°-cécɩ/ °°-cétɩ (cl. 9/10, 12/13) *-pàmbı ́ °-pàmbɩ́ (cl. 9/10) °-dòbò Cephalophus (cl. 3+9/4, nigrifrons 5/6) *-pùmbɩ̀dɩ̀ °-pùmbèèdɩ̀ (cl. 9/10, 9/6) 730 Significados Reconstruções Propostas Propostas do BLR e de de correções (De Lima outros autores Santiago) *-jʊ́mbɩ̀ (cl. 9/10, 3/4) °°-cʊ́mbɩ (cl. 9/10, 5/6, 7/8, 11/10) *-jìbʊ̀ °-tʊ́ndʊ́ Cephalophus (cl. 9/10) (cl. 9/10) silvicultor °°-bɩ́mbà °-bɩ̀mbà (cl. 9/10) °-kʊtɩ (cl. 9, 3) *-kʊ́dʊ̀pà/ °-bɩ́ndɩ́ *-kúdùpà (cl. 9/10, 7/8, (cl. 9/10) 3, 12/13) Cephalophus dorsalis °°-cíbʊ̀ °-pòmbɩ̀ (cl. 7/8) (cl. 9/10) °°-cʊmɩ >°-cʊmɩ́ °-gindà (cl. 9) Cephalophus (cl. 3/4) callipygus °°-cábè >°-cábà (cl. 9/10, 7/8) °°-bɩ̀jɩ̀ (cl. 9) 731 Significados Reconstruções Propostas Propostas do BLR e de de correções (De Lima outros autores Santiago) *-bengeda >°-bèngédè °-cégé (cl.9/10) (cl. 9/10) °°-àngàdà >°-jàngàdà Cephalophus (cl. -
LCSH Section K
K., Rupert (Fictitious character) Motion of K stars in line of sight Ka-đai language USE Rupert (Fictitious character : Laporte) Radial velocity of K stars USE Kadai languages K-4 PRR 1361 (Steam locomotive) — Orbits Ka’do Herdé language USE 1361 K4 (Steam locomotive) UF Galactic orbits of K stars USE Herdé language K-9 (Fictitious character) (Not Subd Geog) K stars—Galactic orbits Ka’do Pévé language UF K-Nine (Fictitious character) BT Orbits USE Pévé language K9 (Fictitious character) — Radial velocity Ka Dwo (Asian people) K 37 (Military aircraft) USE K stars—Motion in line of sight USE Kadu (Asian people) USE Junkers K 37 (Military aircraft) — Spectra Ka-Ga-Nga script (May Subd Geog) K 98 k (Rifle) K Street (Sacramento, Calif.) UF Script, Ka-Ga-Nga USE Mauser K98k rifle This heading is not valid for use as a geographic BT Inscriptions, Malayan K.A.L. Flight 007 Incident, 1983 subdivision. Ka-houk (Wash.) USE Korean Air Lines Incident, 1983 BT Streets—California USE Ozette Lake (Wash.) K.A. Lind Honorary Award K-T boundary Ka Iwi National Scenic Shoreline (Hawaii) USE Moderna museets vänners skulpturpris USE Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary UF Ka Iwi Scenic Shoreline Park (Hawaii) K.A. Linds hederspris K-T Extinction Ka Iwi Shoreline (Hawaii) USE Moderna museets vänners skulpturpris USE Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction BT National parks and reserves—Hawaii K-ABC (Intelligence test) K-T Mass Extinction Ka Iwi Scenic Shoreline Park (Hawaii) USE Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children USE Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction USE Ka Iwi National Scenic Shoreline (Hawaii) K-B Bridge (Palau) K-TEA (Achievement test) Ka Iwi Shoreline (Hawaii) USE Koro-Babeldaod Bridge (Palau) USE Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement USE Ka Iwi National Scenic Shoreline (Hawaii) K-BIT (Intelligence test) K-theory Ka-ju-ken-bo USE Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test [QA612.33] USE Kajukenbo K. -
UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Phonlab Annual Report
UC Berkeley UC Berkeley PhonLab Annual Report Title The Natural History of Verb-stem Reduplication in Bantu Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ws0p3sx Journal UC Berkeley PhonLab Annual Report, 4(4) ISSN 2768-5047 Author Hyman, Larry M Publication Date 2008 DOI 10.5070/P79ws0p3sx eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UC Berkeley Phonology Lab Annual Report (2008) Submitted to Proceedings of 2nd Graz Conference on Reduplication, January 2008 The Natural History of Verb-Stem Reduplication in Bantu Larry M. Hyman University of California, Berkeley ABSTRACT In this study I present a comparative and historical analysis of “frequentative” Bantu verb-stem reduplication, many of whose variants have been described for a number of Eastern and Southern Bantu languages. While some languages have full-stem compounding, where the stem consists of the verb root plus any and all suffixes, others restrict the reduplicant to two syllables. Two questions are addressed: (i) What was the original nature of reduplication in Proto-Bantu? (ii) What diachronic processes have led to the observed variation? I first consider evidence that the frequentative began as full-stem reduplication, which then became restricted either morphologically (by excluding inflectional and ultimately derivational suffixes) and/or phonologically (by imposing a bisyllabic maximum size constraint). I then turn to the opposite hypothesis and consider evidence and motivations for a conflicting tendency to rebuild full-stem reduplication from the partial reduplicant. I end by attempting to explain why the partial reduplicant is almost always preposed to the fuller base. 1. Introduction As Ashton (1944:316) succinctly puts it, “REDUPLICATION is a characteristic of Bantu languages. -
A Semantic Analysis of Kikamba Spatial Expressions Using the Cognitive Semantics Theory
A SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF KIKAMBA SPATIAL EXPRESSIONS USING THE COGNITIVE SEMANTICS THEORY NGINA, FLORENCE KILONZO C50/84013/2012 A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN LINGUISTICS UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS 2015 DECLARATION This project is my original work and has not been submitted for a degree or any other award in any other university. Signature …………………………………. Date……………………… Name: Ngina, Florence Kilonzo C50/84013/2012 SUPERVISORS This project has been submitted for examination with our approval as university supervisors Signature……………………………… Date………………….. Dr. Helga Shroeder Signature………………………… Date…………………….. Dr Iribe Mwangi ii TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................ ii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................................................... v LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... vi DEDICATION .............................................................................................................................. vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................................... viii ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................. -
Notes and References
Notes and References 1 The Foundation of Kenya Colony I. P[ublic] R[ecord] O[ffice] Kew CO 533/234 ff 432-44. Kenya was how Johann Krapf, the German missionary who was in 1849 the first white man to see the mountain, transliterated the Kamba pronunciation of the Kikuyu name for it, Kirinyaga. The Kamba substituted glottal stops for intermediate consonants, hence 'Ki-i-ny-a'. T. C. Colchester, 'Origins of Kenya as the Name of the Country', Rhodes House. Mss Afr s.1849. 2. PRO CO 822/3117 Malcolm MacDonald to Duncan Sandys. Secret and Personal. 18 September 1963. 3. The new rail routes in question were the Uasin Gishu line and the Thika extension. M. F. Hill, Permanent Way. The StOlY of the Kenya and Uganda Railway (Nairobi: East African Railways and Harbours, 2nd edn 1961), p. 392. 4. Daily Sketch, 5 July 1920, p. 5. 5. Sekallyolya ('the crane [or stork] looking out on the world') was first printed in Nairobi in the Luganda language in 1921. From time to time it brought out editions in Swahili and for special occasions in English. Harry Thuku's Tangazo was the first Kenya African single sheet newsletter. 6. Interview with James Beauttah, Fort Hall, 1964. Beauttah was one of the first English-speaking African telephone operators. He claimed to be the first African to have electricity in his house. 7. PRO FO 2/377 A. Gray to FO, 16 February 1900, 'Memo on Report of Law Officers of the Crown reo East Africa and Uganda Protector ates'. The effect of the opinion of the law officers is that Her Majesty has, by virtue of her Protectorate, entire control over all lands unappropriated .. -
Construction of Masculinity in Kenyan Popular Music: a Close Analysis of Selected Kamba Popular Performances
CONSTRUCTION OF MASCULINITY IN KENYAN POPULAR MUSIC: A CLOSE ANALYSIS OF SELECTED KAMBA POPULAR PERFORMANCES DANIEL CATHERINE NDUKU C50/80489/2015 A RESEARCH REPORT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF MASTERS OF ARTS IN LITERATURE UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI. NOVEMBER 2020 DECLARATION This project is my original work and has not been presented for examination in any other university. Signed_________________________ Date ______________________ Catherine Nduku Daniel C50/89489/2015 This project has been submitted with our approval as University supervisors: First Supervisor: Dr. Joseph Muleka Signed_________________________ Date ______________________ Second Supervisor. Dr. Makau Kitata Signed_________________________ Date ______________________ i DEDICATION I dedicate this work to my husband Jeremiah David Muthama Muthembwa; your love patience and encouragement inspired me. To my sons and daughters; you believed in me and this gave me strength in hard times. You gave me the reason to do it all. To my parents Daniel Kithuva and Grace Ndinda; the lessons you gave me taught me never to give up. To my friends; your counsel came at the right time. And above all to God whose grace was always sufficient. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT My utmost gratitude goes to the almighty God for the gift of life, knowledge and wisdom that led to the successful completion of this project. I owe a great deal of gratitude to my dear supervisors Dr. Joseph Muleka and Dr. Makau Kitata without whose guidance this project could have remained a dream. You were patient with me even when I seemed to take eternity to complete this project. I also stretch my gratitude to the entire staff of the Department of Literature at the University of Nairobi for their unwavering intellectual support. -
Twa of Zambia's Kafue Flats
Twa of 1 Zambia’s Kafue Flats Southern Province Itezhi -Tezhi District Linguistic Survey Report With recommendations for Bible translation strategy Richard Mukang’ombe Daka Josephat Salimo Hachibamba Kenneth S. Sawka Survey Dates December 11 th to 12 th 2012 August 1 st to 6 th 2013 June 11 th to 16 th 2014 2 Contents 1. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND ......................................................................4 1.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................4 1.2. Terminology .................................................................................................................4 1.3. Historical Background ..................................................................................................4 1.4. Geographical locations ..................................................................................................7 1.5. Population ................................................................................................................... 13 1.6. Previous research ........................................................................................................ 15 1.7. Language borders and classification ............................................................................ 15 1.8. Social Pressures .......................................................................................................... 18 1.9. Livelihood.................................................................................................................. -
Complete Paper
Shanjo and Fwe as Part of Bantu Botatwe: A Diachronic Phonological Approach Koen Bostoen Royal Museum for Central Africa Tervuren - Université libre de Bruxelles 1. Introduction1 Shanjo and Fwe are two small Bantu languages spoken in the southern part of the Western Province of Zambia. The number of Shanjo speakers was estimated at 3,033 in 1960 (Fortune 1963).2 The Shanjo live in scattered communities to the west of the Zambezi, between Sioma and Sesheke. They consider themselves as ethnically distinct from other communities in the Western Province, but their linguistic competence in Shanjo is seriously reduced in favour of the region’s vehicular language Lozi. Most Shanjo speak Lozi as their first language and the Shanjo language displays considerable interference from Lozi, mainly in the lexicon. Apart from some data in Fortune (1963), no published documentation is available for Shanjo. Most Fwe speakers live in the eastern Caprivi strip in neighbouring Namibia. Their number was estimated at 7,400 in 1998 (Gordon 2005). In Zambia, there were an estimated 1,649 speakers in 1960 (Fortune 1963). Zambian Fwe speakers mainly live in the Imusho area in the south-western part of the Western Province, but there also scattered communities more to the north. Linguistic competence in Fwe seems to be less threatened in Zambia, as compared to Shanjo, possibly due to its strong ethnic identity in the Caprivi (Seidel 2005; Elderkin 1998). The only hitherto published documentation on Fwe is on the Caprivi variant (Baumbach 1997). In Guthrie’s (1971) referential classification of the Bantu languages, Shanjo was classified in the Luyana group as K36. -
LCSH Section K
K., Rupert (Fictitious character) K-TEA (Achievement test) Kʻa-la-kʻun-lun kung lu (China and Pakistan) USE Rupert (Fictitious character : Laporte) USE Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement USE Karakoram Highway (China and Pakistan) K-4 PRR 1361 (Steam locomotive) K-theory Ka Lae o Kilauea (Hawaii) USE 1361 K4 (Steam locomotive) [QA612.33] USE Kilauea Point (Hawaii) K-9 (Fictitious character) (Not Subd Geog) BT Algebraic topology Ka Lang (Vietnamese people) UF K-Nine (Fictitious character) Homology theory USE Giẻ Triêng (Vietnamese people) K9 (Fictitious character) NT Whitehead groups Ka nanʻʺ (Burmese people) (May Subd Geog) K 37 (Military aircraft) K. Tzetnik Award in Holocaust Literature [DS528.2.K2] USE Junkers K 37 (Military aircraft) UF Ka-Tzetnik Award UF Ka tūʺ (Burmese people) K 98 k (Rifle) Peras Ḳ. Tseṭniḳ BT Ethnology—Burma USE Mauser K98k rifle Peras Ḳatseṭniḳ ʾKa nao dialect (May Subd Geog) K.A.L. Flight 007 Incident, 1983 BT Literary prizes—Israel BT China—Languages USE Korean Air Lines Incident, 1983 K2 (Pakistan : Mountain) Hmong language K.A. Lind Honorary Award UF Dapsang (Pakistan) Ka nō (Burmese people) USE Moderna museets vänners skulpturpris Godwin Austen, Mount (Pakistan) USE Tha noʹ (Burmese people) K.A. Linds hederspris Gogir Feng (Pakistan) Ka Rang (Southeast Asian people) USE Moderna museets vänners skulpturpris Mount Godwin Austen (Pakistan) USE Sedang (Southeast Asian people) K-ABC (Intelligence test) BT Mountains—Pakistan Kā Roimata o Hine Hukatere (N.Z.) USE Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children Karakoram Range USE Franz Josef Glacier/Kā Roimata o Hine K-B Bridge (Palau) K2 (Drug) Hukatere (N.Z.) USE Koro-Babeldaod Bridge (Palau) USE Synthetic marijuana Ka-taw K-BIT (Intelligence test) K3 (Pakistan and China : Mountain) USE Takraw USE Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test USE Broad Peak (Pakistan and China) Ka Tawng Luang (Southeast Asian people) K. -
Pidgin and Creole Languages: Essays in Memory of John E. Reinecke
Pidgin and Creole Languages JOHN E. REINECKE 1904–1982 Pidgin and Creole Languages Essays in Memory of John E. Reinecke Edited by Glenn G. Gilbert Open Access edition funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities / Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book Program. Licensed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 In- ternational (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits readers to freely download and share the work in print or electronic format for non-commercial purposes, so long as credit is given to the author. Derivative works and commercial uses require per- mission from the publisher. For details, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. The Cre- ative Commons license described above does not apply to any material that is separately copyrighted. Open Access ISBNs: 9780824882150 (PDF) 9780824882143 (EPUB) This version created: 17 May, 2019 Please visit www.hawaiiopen.org for more Open Access works from University of Hawai‘i Press. © 1987 University of Hawaii Press All Rights Reserved CONTENTS Preface viii Acknowledgments xii Introduction 1 John E. Reinecke: His Life and Work Charlene J. Sato and Aiko T. Reinecke 3 William Greenfield, A Neglected Pioneer Creolist John E. Reinecke 28 Theoretical Perspectives 39 Some Possible African Creoles: A Pilot Study M. Lionel Bender 41 Pidgin Hawaiian Derek Bickerton and William H. Wilson 65 The Substance of Creole Studies: A Reappraisal Lawrence D. Carrington 83 Verb Fronting in Creole: Transmission or Bioprogram? Chris Corne 102 The Need for a Multidimensional Model Robert B. Le Page 125 Decreolization Paths for Guyanese Singular Pronouns John R. -
Some Linguistic Variations of Bemba
SOME LINGUISTIC VARIATIONS OF BEMBA: A DIALECTOLOGICAL STUDY OF STANDARD BEMBA, LUUNDA AND ŊUMBO BY CHIBWE RONALD LUMWANGA A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN LINGUISTIC SCIENCE THE UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA 2015 DECLARATION I, Chibwe Ronald Lumwanga, do hereby declare that this dissertation is my own work, and that it has not been submitted for a degree at this university or any other, and that it does not include any published work or material from another dissertation or a thesis without acknowledgement. Signed............................................................................. Date................................................................................. © Chibwe Ronald Lumwanga, 2015. All rights reserved. i ii APPROVAL This dissertation of Chibwe Ronald Lumwanga is approved as fulfilling part of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Arts in Linguistic Science of the University of Zambia. Signed: ............................................................. Date: ................................................................. Signed: ............................................................. Date: ................................................................. Signed: ............................................................. Date: ................................................................. iii ABSTRACT This study investigated some linguistic variations among three Bemba dialects, namely: Standard