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Zoonimia Histórico-Comparativa Bantu

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Zoonimia Histórico-Comparativa Bantu SÉRIE DE E-BOOKS & E-DOCUMENTOS ZOONIMIA HISTÓRICO-COMPARATIVA BANTU : Os Cinco Grandes Herbívoros Africanos JOANE DE LIMA SANTIAGO 2013 - número 5 Revista Eletrônica Língua Viva , Site: http://www.revistalinguaviva.unir.br . E-mail: [email protected] 1 EDITORES Jean-Pierre Angenot, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Brasil Dante Ribeiro da Fonseca, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Brasil Luciano Leal da Costa Lima, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Brasil EDITOR DE SEÇÃO E DO LAYOUT Luciano Leal da Costa Lima, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Brasil DIRETOR GERAL Jean-Pierre Angenot, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Brasil PRESIDENTE DO CONSELHO EDITORIAL Geralda de Lima Vitor Angenot, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Brasil CONSELHO EDITORIAL Angel Humberto Corbera Mori, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brasil Carlos Filipe Guimarães Figueiredo, Universidade de Macau, China Catherine Barbara Kempf, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Brasil Daniel Mutombo Huta-Mukana, Centro de Estudo de Lingüística Teórica e Aplicada, Kinshasa, R. D. Congo Daniele Marcelle Grannier, Universidade Federal de Brasília, Brasil Dante Ribeiro da Fonseca, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Brasil Francesc Queixalós, ESCoM-FMSH, Paris, França Geralda de Lima Vitor Angenot, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Brasil Jacky Maniacky, Museu Real da África Central, Tervuren, Bélgica Jean-Pierre Angenot, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Brasil Lucy Seki, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brasil Marci Fileti Martins, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Brasil Marco Antônio Domingues Teixeira, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Brasil Maria do Socorro Pessoa, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Brasil Maud Devos, Universidade de Leiden, Holanda & Museu Real da África Central, Tervuren, Bélgica Odette Ambouroue, Centro Nacional da Pesquisa Científico - CNRS, Paris, França Valteir Martins, Universidade Estadual do Amazonas, Brasil Zoraide dos Anjos Gonçalves da Silva, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Brasil Willem Adelaar, Universidade de Leiden, Holanda Willem Leo Wetzels, Universidade Livre de Amsterdam, Holanda ENDEREÇO DA REVISTA Luciano Leal da Costa Lima Mestrando em História Universidade Federal de Rondônia Telefone: (69) 8406-3680 E-mail: [email protected] ISSN: 2237-980 2 SUMÁRIO PROLEGÔMENOS ................................................................................................... 16 1.1 Abordagem do Problema .................................................................................. 17 1.2. Construções de hipóteses................................................................................ 18 1.3. Justificativa.................................................................................................... 19 1.4. DEFINIÇÃO DE OBJETIVOS.............................................................................. 19 1.4.1. Objetivo geral .............................................................................................. 19 1.4.2. Objetivos específicos .................................................................................... 19 CAPÍTULO I: OS ESTUDOS LINGUÍSTICOS PIONEIROS DAS LÍNGUAS BANTU ............ 21 1.1. PIONEIROS NOS ESTUDOS DAS LÍNGUAS BANTU.......................................... 22 1.1.1. W.H.I.Bleek (1827-1875) .............................................................................. 22 1.1.2. Carl Meinhof (1857-1944)............................................................................ 22 1.1.3. Malcon Guthrie (1903- 1972)....................................................................... 23 1.1.4. Achille E. Meeussen (1912-1978) .................................................................. 24 1.1.5. Joseph Greenberg (1963).............................................................................. 24 1.1.6. Outros linguístas fundadores da bantuística................................................. 25 CAPÍTULO II: CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO DAS LÍNGUAS BANTU..................................... 27 2.1.1. Línguas Aglutinantes.................................................................................... 28 2.1.2. Línguas Isolantes.......................................................................................... 29 2.1.3. Línguas Flexionais........................................................................................ 29 2.2. SITUAÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA NA ÁFRICA................................................................ 29 2.2. 1. Origem das línguas bantu ............................................................................ 34 2.2.2. Localização geográfica das línguas bantu ..................................................... 37 2.2.3. Características dos nomes nas línguas bantu ................................................. 38 2.2.4. Classificação genética e tipológica ................................................................ 40 2.2.5. Classes de prefixos ....................................................................................... 43 2.2.6. Os tons ........................................................................................................ 46 CAPÍTULO III: DELIMITAÇÃO DE ESTUDO E EMBASAMENTO TEÓRICO E METODOLÓGICO ................................................................................................... 47 3.1. BANTU “STRICTU SENSU ” E BANTU “LATO SENSU” ......................................... 48 3.2. LINGUÍSTICA HISTÓRICO-COMPARATIVA ........................................................ 49 3.2.1. Mudanças linguísticas .................................................................................. 50 3.2.2. Mudanças fonéticas...................................................................................... 51 3.2.3. Método Histórico-Comparativo ..................................................................... 52 3.3. METODOLOGIA............................................................................................... 53 CAPÍTULO IV: OS DADOS ....................................................................................... 56 1.ELEFANTE........................................................................................................... 57 3 4.1.1. Localização geográfica:................................................................................. 58 4.1.3. Corpus de dados levantado........................................................................... 60 4.1.4. REFLEXOS DO ÉTIMO PROTO-BANTU *[ ɲʤ̱ ɔ̀ɡù ] .......................................... 91 4.1.5. REFLEXOS DO ÉTIMO **[ n̥tɛː mbɔ ]................................................................ 98 4.1.6. REFLEXOS DO ÉTIMO PRÉ-BANTU ORIENTAL **[ ɲʤ̠ aːmba]..........................100 4.1.7.REFLEXOS DO ÉTIMO PRÉ-BANTU CENTRO-NORTISTA**[ mbɔː ŋɡɔ] ................102 4.1.8. COGNATOS PRESUMIDOS PARA [ mpuːmbu, ... ] ...........................................103 4.1.9. COGNATOS PRESUMIDOS PARA : [ iʒuːŋɡwa, ...] ........................................104 4.1.10. Cognatos presumidos para: [ m̥ pɔlɔ, ... ]...................................................105 4.1.11. Agrupamentos menores de cognatos ..........................................................106 2. BÚFALO............................................................................................................109 4.2.1. Localização geográfica.................................................................................110 4.2.2. Reconstrucões etimológicas.........................................................................111 4.2.3. Corpus de dados levantado..........................................................................111 4.2.4. REFLEXOS DO ÉTIMO PROTO-BANTU *[ ɲʤ̱ átb́ ].........................................126 4.2.5. REFLEXOS DO ÉTIMO PROTO-BANTU *[ mbɔ̀ɡɔ́ ] ........................................129 4.2.6. REFLEXOS DO ÉTIMO PROTO-BANTU *[ m̥ pàkàʧ ̱à ] ....................................131 4.2.6. REFLEXOS DO ÉTIMO PROTO-BANTU **[ ŋɡɔː mbɔ ] ....................................133 4.2.7. Agrupamentos menores de cognatos e formas isoladas .................................134 3.GIRAFA .............................................................................................................139 4.3.1. Localização geográfica.................................................................................140 4.3.2. Reconstrucões etimológicas.........................................................................140 4.3.3. Corpus de dados levantados ........................................................................141 4.3.4. REFLEXOS DO ÉTIMO PROTO-BANTU *[ n̥̥tWìːɡà ] ......................................149 4.3.5. REFLEXOS DO ÉTIMO PROTO-BANTU **[ mbaʧ̱ɛ ] .......................................151 4.3.6. REFLEXOS DO ÉTIMO PROTO-BANTU **[ ndʊdɪ ] .......................................152 4.3.7. Cognatos presumidos para [tut wa]...............................................................154 4.3.8. Cognatos presumidos para[kata n̥ti] .............................................................155 4.3.9. Agrupamentos menores e formas isoladas ....................................................155 4. RINOCERONTE .................................................................................................158 4.4.1. Localização geográfica.................................................................................159 4.4.2. Reconstrucões etimológicas.........................................................................160
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