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Chadfiecp Third Highwayproject FILECOPY Appraisalreport Public Disclosure Authorized Report No. 1834b-CD ChadFIECP Third HighwayProject FILECOPY AppraisalReport Public Disclosure Authorized July6, 1978 Western Africa Project Department Highways Division FOR OFFICIAL USEONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Document of the World Bank This document hasa restricteddistribution and may be usedby recipients only in the performanceof their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosedwithout World Bankauthorization. Currency Equivalents US$1.00 CCFAF 245 Fiscal Year January 1 - December 31 System of Weights and Measures: Metric Metric British/US 1 meter (m) = 3.3 feet (ft) 1 kilometer (km) 2 0.6 miles (mi) 1 square kilometer (km ) = 0.4 square miles (sq mi) 1 metric ton (m ton) = 1.1 tons (short tons) I liter (1) = 2.1 pints (pts) Abbreviations and Acronyms ADF - African Development Fund ASECNA - Agence pour la Securite de la Navigation Aerienne en Afrique et a Madagascar ATEC - Agence Transequatoriale des Communications BDT - Banque de Developpement du Tchad BTCD - Banque Tchadienne de Credits et Depots CTT - Cooperative des Transporteurs Tchadiens DCA - Directorate of Civil Aviation DPD - Directorate of Planning and Development DPW - Directorate of Public Works DT - Directorate of Transport EIO - Equipment Inspection Office ENTP - Ecole Nationale des Travaux Publics FAC - Fonds d'Aide et de Cooperation FED - Fonds Europeen de Developpement ICAO - International Civil Aviation Organization MCWMG - Ministry of Civil Works, Mines and Geology MEPT - Ministry of Economy, Planning and Transport PO - Procurement Office RMA - Road Maintenance Authority RPDO - Road Planning and Design Office SHO - Studies and Hydraulics Office STC - Swiss Technical Cooperation UNCTAD - United Nations Conference for Trade and Development UNDP - United Nations Development Programme UNIDO - United Nations Industrial Development Organization UNSO - United Nations Sahel Office USAID - United States Agency for International Development voc - vehicle operating costs vpd - vehicles per day FOR OFFICIALUSE ONLY CHAD APPRAISAL OF A THIRD HIGHWAY PROJECT Table of Contents Page No. SUMMgARY .................................................o............ i-iii 1. INTRODUCTION .... ......................... .................. 1 2. THE TRANSPORT SECTOR .............. ......................O.. 2 A. The Land and the Economy .................... 2 B. The Transport System . ..................................... 3 C. Investments ........................................... 5 D. Management and Planning ............................. 5 3. THE ROAD SECTOR ....................................................6 A. The Network ........................................... 6 B. Road Transport Characteristics ........................6 C. Road Transport Industry ..... .......................... 7 D. Administration ........................................ 8 E. Staffing and Training ................................. 8 F. Planning .............................................. 8 G. Financing .............................................9 H. Engineering and Construction ..... .....................10 I. Road Maintenance ...................................... 10 J. Improvement of Feeder Roads ........................... 11 K. Domestic Contracting Industry ..... .................... 11 L. Appropriate Road Maintenance Technology ............... 12 4. THE PROJECT ................................................ 12 A. Description ....... ................................... 12 B. Road Maintenance Program .............................. 13 C. Training Program ..................................... 13 D. Construction of Ferryboats ..... ....................... 14 E. Technical Assistance and Fellowships ............. ..... 15 F. Rural Roads Study .............. ..........................16 G. Completion of the Improvement and Maintenance Program for Cotton Feeder Roads ..................... 17 H. Cost Estimates ........ .......................... ...... 17 I. Execution .............................................19 J. Procurement ..........................................* 19 K. Financing and Disbursement ............................ 20 Frhis document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance [of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. Table of Contents (Continued) Page No. 5. ECONOMIC EVALUATION ......................... 22 A. Introduction ...... .................. 23 B. Road M[aintenance Program ........................ 23 C. Replacement of Ferries ......... ......................... 24 D. Distribution of Benefits ................. # ............. 25 E. Project Risks and Sensitivity Analysis .......... ....... 25 6. AGREEMENTS REACHED AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...................... 26 TABLES 1. Principal External Trade Corridors .......................... 28 2. Public Sector Investment ................................... 29 3. External Assistance: Transport Sector .....................30 4. Road Network (1977) ...................... ......... 5.. 31 5. Traffic on Road Network to be Maintained by DPW .............32 6. Growth of t]neVehicle Fleet, 1970-76 .......... .. ............33 7. Fuel Consumption, 1968-76 ............... .. ..................34 8. Government Revenues from Road Users, 1969-75 ................ 35 9. Expenditures on Highways, 1971-76 ..... ......................36 10. List of Roads to be Maintained ............... ...............37 11. Unpaved Road Maintenance Strategies .... .....................38 12. Road Maintenance Equipment and Spare Parts for Existing Equipment; Cost Estimates .................. ........ 39 13. Construction of Buildings and Workshops; Cost Estimates ..... 40 14. Network to be Maintained and Maintenance Operations .. ....... 41 15. DPW Personnel Training Requirements ......................... 42 16. Equipment for Training Program; Cost Estimates ........... 43 17. Four Locally-Built Ferryboats; Cost Estimates ....... ..... 44 18. Project Cost: Estimates ................... ...................45 19. Project Implementation Schedule .............. ...............47 20. Estimated Schedule of Disbursements .... .....................48 21. Road Maintenance Cost Estimates .............. ...............49 22. Ferryboat Recurrent Costs ................. ..................50 23. Road Maintenance Recurrent Expenditures; Cash Flow .......... 51 24. Vehicle Operating Costs as a Function of Traffic and Road Surface Characteristics ............................ 52 25. Breakdown of Cost Components for Shadow Pricing ............. 53 26. Summary of Economic Evaluation and Sensitivity Analysis ..... 54 This report has been prepared by Messrs. E. Staffini and A. Faiz, following an appraisal mission in March/April 1977. Table of Contents (Continued) Page No. ANNEXES I. Road Transport Industry ....... ........................ 55 II. Technical Assistance for a Training Program - Outline Terms of reference ............................. 72 \III. Exhibit I - Proposed Ferryboat (Plan) ................. 76 Exhibit II - Proposed Ferryboat with Truck (Profile) .. 77 \IV. Plan of Action . ........................................78 \V. Technical Assistance for Strengthening Equipment Maintenance Operations of the Directorate of Public Works - Outline Terms of Reference ....... .... 80 VI. Technical Assistance for the Reorganization of the Road Planning and Design Office - Outline Terms of Reference ..................... 83 VIIl. Transport Economist for the Directorate of Transport Outline Terms of Reference and Qualifications .85 VIII. Trucking Industry Expert to be Attached to CTT - Outline Terms of Reference and Qualifications ....... 87 IX. Rural Roads Study - Outline Terms of Reference ....... 89 X. Economic Analysis of the Project ............ 0.......... 91 EXHIBITS I. Directorate of Public Works: Organigramme .... ........115 II. Incremental Benefits from Regravelling .... ............116 III. Benefits from Grading of Tracks ............... ....... 117 MAPS I. CHAD - Third Highway Project (IBRD No. 13241-R) II. CHAD - Third Highway Project, Main Road Connections (IBRD No. 13242) CHAD APPRAISAL OF A THIRD HIGHWAY PROJECT SUMMARY i. The Republic of Chad, a vast, landlocked country in the heart of north-central Africa, is counted among the world's poorest 25 countries (Gross National Product in 1975: US$120 per capita, with incomes in rural areas about US$60 per capita). The economy is based on agriculture, which accounts for over 50% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP); cotton is the prin- cipal export, providing over two-thirds of the export earnings. As Chad's principal economic centers are located about 2,000 km from the nearest ocean port, external transport plays a critical role in Chad's economy. Roads form the backbone of the internal transport system. The road network consists of about 7,300 km of classified roads and tracks, and about 24,000 km of tracks providing access to agricultural areas. Only about 1,300 km are engineered, all-weather roads; of these 253 km are paved. Road distribution is uneven; the major portion is located in the cotton-producing areas in the south, while the sparsely-inhabited northern part is served mainly by desert tracks. Inadequate maintenance, due to shortage of funds, has impaired the service- ability of the road network. ii. Bank Group assistance to Chad's transport sector has been confined to two highway projects and transport components in two other Credits.
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