General Index Illustrations Are Denoted by Page Numbers in Italics

Archaeologia Cantiana Vol. 133 2013

general iNDEX Illustrations are denoted by page numbers in italics

BA Bronze Age sheep/goat 62-3, 305, 314 EBa early Bronze Age wild boar 62 ERB early Romano-British Ashford, IA 299, 305 IA iron Age Brasted 311 lia late Iron Age Canterbury 36, 38, 62-3 MBA Middle Bronze Age Wainscott, MBA 291 RB romano-British Wye 313, 314 antiquarianism, and antiquarian views Aberystwyth (Ceredigion), gatehouse of Folkestone 215-34 275 anti-slavery movement, on the Isle of Abingdon 98 Thanet 1-32 Adams, William, painter 15, 17 Antonine Itinerary 220, 315 Adisham, Bekesbourne Mill 277 Archaeology South-East 235, 308, 311 Ælfric of Eynsham 98 arrowhead, Neolithic flint 294-5 Æthelberht (Ethelbert), King 74, 89, Ashford, St Mary the Virgin Church 90, 93, 94, 101, 227 misericords 188, 189, 193, 194, Æthelred 90 199, 207, 210, 211 Æthelstan the ætheling 97, 112n.140 Ashford, Park Farm (excavations SE Æthelwulf, King 91 of) 295-307 Aird and Sons 135 BA 295, 297, 305 Aldington, St Martin’s Church miser- IA animal bone 299, 305 icords 188, 190, 191, 193, 211 coin 299 Allhallows 132, 150 crucibles (melting copper alloys) Andrews, Colin, book review by 346-8 301, 304, 306 Anglo-Saxon/Saxon four-post structure 301 Brasted 308 metalworking furnace 301, 304, Canterbury 35, 36, 40, 44, 281 306 Dover, and placenames 316, 320, 321, plant remains 299, 303, 305 323 roundhouses ring gullies 295, 297- Folkestone 222, 223, 229, 230 300, 301, 303, 305, 306 St Eanswythe minster 215, 225-6 shrine 299 lathes of East Kent, origins of 83- trackways 299-300 113 LIA-ERB landscape 303-5, 306 placename spellings in charters 329 ditches 304-5, 306 sceattas 293 fence-lines 305 Wainscott Saxon settlement 291, 293 four-post granaries 305 Wye 311 hearths 304, 306 see also pottery pottery 303, 304, 305, 306 animal bone Roman/RB 295, 301, 305, 306 cattle 62-3, 305, 314 coins 303 chicken 314 Astell, Mary 72, 77-8 dog 62 Astell, Ralph, curate 72 horse 62, 314 Atkinson, George 19 pig 62, 63, 314 Audley, Sir Hugh de 236

377 GENERAL INDEX

Austen, Charles and Nathaniel 286 well, 19th-century 310 Austen, John 286 wood 308, 311 Aver, William, preacher 16 Brennan, Mr 177 Avery, Elizabeth 72 Bridge, mill 277 Aylesford Brisley Farm 305 bridge 119 Bristowe, John Syer 170, 178 lathe 83, 84, 85, 86, 94, 95-7, 98, Bronze Age 100, 101, 102, 103 Dover boat 322 flint 37 Babington, Gervase, Bishop of Worc- see also Ashford, Park Farm; pottery; ester 70 Wainscott Bagborough 97 brooches, Roman 39, 40, 59 Balderstone, Samuel 46 Brooks, Miss 48 Barham, mills 277 Brown, James, & Co. 8 Barrow, Francis, minister 16, 18 Buck, engraving of Tonbridge 238 Battely, John, archdeacon 230 buckle and buckle plate, copper alloy Battle Abbey 92-3, 311 59 Baylay, Revd W.F. 13, 18, 19 Burham 96 Beard, Samuel, miller 287-8 burials Beckett, St Thomas 119, 196, 330 Roman, Canterbury 35, 280 Bede, Venerable 87, 89, 221 7th century 90, 91, 93 belt mount 313 Folkestone 222 belt stiffener, copper-alloy 60 see also Maidstone, St Peter’s Wharf Benstede, Andrew, vicar 192, 197 Burmarsh 109 n.66 Berkeley, Revd M. 16, 18 Burrows, Vince, ‘An arrowhead from Bertha, queen of Kent 74, 93 Pineham, near Dover’ 294-5 Bestiary 195, 203, 204, 205, 208-9 Bury, Elizabeth 68, 71 Beyond the Horizon: Societies of the Channel and North Sea 3,500 Years Cadby, Charles 16 Ago, reviewed 341-2 Caerphilly Castle, gatehouse 235, 245, Black Death, and plague 118-19 258, 267, 269, 272, 273-5 Blaxland family 192, 204 Caesar, Julius 316 Blean, mill 277 Calvel, William, reeve 45 Bligh, E.V. 176-7 Camden, William 217, 219, 220-1, 223, Bligh, L.E. 176 224, 226, 228, 230 Boncey, Charles, hotel owner 16 Canterbury bone objects, Canterbury 60-1 Abbott’s Mill 277 Boniface, archbishop 117, 118 Barnacle Cross 45 Boxley 96 Barton Mill 277 Abbey 119 Black Mill, St Martin’s Hill 277-90 Bradegare, Robert de 117 Anglo-Saxon 281 Brasted, The Millworks 308-11 archaeological investigations 279- animal bone 311 86 medieval clay tobacco pipes 283, 284 ditches (drainage and field bound- coin, George III 283 aries) 308-10 documentary evidence 286-8 mill 308, 310 glass 283, 284 pottery 311 medieval timber buildings 281 refuse pits/clay quarries 310 post-medieval quarries and pottery plant remains 308, 311 281, 283, 284 tile 311 Roman 280, 281

378 GENERAL INDEX

Canterbury (cont.) Roman 35, 36, 37-40, 38, 39 Blean New Mill 288 animal bone 38, 62-3 Burgate 278 brooch 39, 40, 59 Castle 34, 35, 44, 46, 331 burial ground 35 Castle Street 34, 46, 47 finds 59, 60, 61 Cathedral glass 61 Becket shrine 186 pottery 38, 40, 49-52, 50, 53 clergy 77 structures? 40 fire (1174) 186 Anglo-Saxon suburb 35, 36, 40, 44 Henry IV’s tomb 201 medieval 35, 36, 40-2, 41, 42, 52 misericords 187 animal bone 63 St Thomas Beckett 119 boundary/fence line 40-1 The Cedars 35, 47-8 finds 59 Christ Church Priory 44, 45, 46, 97 pottery 40, 41, 52-6, 55 Dane John mound post-mill 277, post-medieval 42-4, 43 278 animal bone 63 Eastbridge Hospital 212, 278 building 16th-century 36, 42-4, Franciscan Gardens mill 277, 278 43 Gordon Road 35 cess tank 43-4 Harbledown Black Mill 277, 278 finds 44, 59-60 Holy Cross Church 212 glass 44, 62 lathe 87, 88, 91, 93, 94, 99, 103 pottery 44, 53, 56-8 Little Foxmould mill 278 Wincheap Gate 35, 46 9 Littlebourne Road, burial 280 Wincheap Green 34, 45, 46, 47 malthouse 286 Wincheap Grove 46, 47 Mill public house/Mill House Tavern Wincheap Street 35, 36, 41, 42, 45, 279, 288 46 St Augustine’s Abbey 188, 191, 280 6 Windmill Close, Lower Palaeolithic St Augustine’s lathe 84, 86, 99 handaxe 280 St Augustine’s survey 98, 112 n.163 Worthgate 35, 36, 44, 46 St James’ leper hospital 44 Wye-men’s gate 83 St John’s Hospital 119 Canterbury Archaeological Trust 33, St Lawrence’s Hospital 278 279 St Lawrence Mill 277, 278 Canterbury, archbishop of 330 St Martin’s Church 280, 281 Carthew, John, tavern owner 16, 19 St Martin’s tower mill (Querns Mill) Carthew, Thomas, boot maker 17, 20 277, 278, 286, 288 Castell, William, boot maker 17 St Nicholas’ Hospital 119 castles, in the Pipe Rolls 330-2; see St Sepulchre Church 278 also Tonbridge Castle gatehouse St Thomas’ Hill mill 277, 278 Cawdell, William, silversmith 313 St Thomas’ Hospital 119 Ceolnoth, Archbishop 91 see of 330 Chambers, Barlett 48 Sessions House, Longport 280 chapels 10 Wincheap, Roman and medieval Folkestone, St Botolph’s 228, 234 development at land adjoining n.44 33-65 Maidstone 115, 118, 121 documentary evidence 44-9 Tonbridge Castle 244-5, 262 prehistoric, pits and soils 35, 36- Chatham 7, 37 anti-slavery 3, 9 BA flint 37 ring fortress 149, 159 IA pottery 37, 49 Chauntler, Henry, minister 70

379 GENERAL INDEX

Chepstow Castle (Gwent) 269 Charles V of Spain, 16th century 59 Chilham George III 283 Castle 331-2 Cold War 160 lathe 87, 88, 91, 93 Coles Finch, William 277 chintun 102 Coode, Samuel 16, 17 Chislet 89 Cooke, Nicholas, and Rachael Seager churches see misericords; see also Smith, ‘Prehistoric and Romano- chapels British activity and Saxon settle- Civil War ment at Hoo Road, Wainscott’ 291- destruction in churches 187 3 Folkestone 221, 227 copper-alloy melting 306 Tonbridge 238, 243, 268 copper-alloy objects de Clare family 235, 236, 238 Canterbury 59-60 Clare, Gilbert de 236, 272, 275 Wye 313 Clare, Richard de, Earl of Gloucester Copt Point 230 271, 272, 274 Costigan, Thomas 16 Clarke, Edward, barrister 171, 172, 179- counters, ceramic, Roman 40, 61 80 Coupere, John, woodmonger 45 clay tobacco pipes Courtenay, Archbishop 119 Canterbury 283, 284 de Courtney family 192 Wye 313 Courtney, William de, archbishop 189, clerical families, 17th-century female 192, 210 literacy 67-81 Cowell, J. & G., of Camberwell 8 clerical marriage 68-9 Cramp, Revd John 15, 16, 18 Cliffe at Hoo, St Helen’s Church Cramp, Thomas 19 misericords 188, 192-3, 200, 202, Crofts, John, corn chandler 17 203, 211 Crow, Garton, ironmonger 17 Cliffe Creek 132 crucibles, for copper alloy, IA 301, Cliffe Fort 150, 161 304, 306 Clynton, Lord 228 Curteys, John, priest 190, 192, 197 Coalhouse Fort 132, 150, 159, 161 Coast Brigade 147 Dadds, James, builder 48 Cobb family, of Margate 1-32 Dartford 103 Cobb, Francis I 5, 6-8, 6 Davis, Roger, carpenter 187 Cobb, Francis II 1, 5, 6, 6, 9, 13, 18-19, Deal, foying 3 21, 22, 23 Denge Marsh 87, 91 Cobb, Francis William 5, 6, 9, 11, 12, Denge Wood 87-8, 91, 102 13-14, 15, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22-4, 25, Dengi 87 26 Denne, James, bookseller 16 Cobb, Thomas Francis 5, 9, 11, 20, 21 Denne, William, printer 12, 13 Cobb, William Francis 5 denu-ge 87-8, 90, 91, 94, 102 Cobbett, William 3 Deptford 132 Cobham, St Mary Magdalene Church Dere, Thomas 46 misericords 187, 188, 189 Detling 96 de Cobham family 330 die, bracteate 293 Cobham, John de 189 Dodd, C.T. 238-9, 268 Coenwulf 85 Domesday Book coins Brasted 308 IA, potin 299 dover 318, 323 Roman/RB 226, 229, 293, 303 lathes 83, 85-6, 88, 89, 92, 94, 95, Saxon sceattas 293 98, 99

380 GENERAL INDEX

Domesday Book (cont.) Elstob, Elizabeth 67, 70, 71, 72, 73-8 mills 277 Elstob, Matilda 74 Pipe Rolls 329 Ethelbert (see Æthelberht) Domesday Monachorum 98 evangelicalism 1, 2, 5, 6, 15, 18, 21-6 Domneva, Queen of Mercia 205 Eyhorne hundred 96-7, 112 n.140 door furniture, iron 60 Dour river 323, 324 Fagg, John, clock-maker 17 Dove, Lt Henry 15, 16, 18 Fairhegne, Wimarca and Gleduse 45 Dover Fallon, David, and Dan Swift, ‘Excav- Anglo-Saxon 316, 320, 321, 323 ations at The Millworks, Brasted’ anti-slavery 9 308-11 BA boat 322 Faversham 85, 86, 103 Castle 331, 332 Holy Saviour Abbey 191 Castle Street 324 St Mary of Charity Church miseri- foying 3 cords 188, 191, 196, 197, 198, harbour 322-5 199, 200, 201, 203, 205, 207, mill 323 208, 209, 211 monastery 103 Felton, Susan, and Stephen Hipkin, placename 315-27 ‘“Trenching the ground of medical Roman men”: criminality, respectability fort 323 and justice in the “West Malling jetty or mole 323 poisoning case”, 1882-1883’ 167- placename 315-16, 317, 322, 323, 84 324, 325 Fill, Robert 48 Townwall Street 323 Finch, Mabella (nee Fotherby) 68 Doverow Hill (Glos.) 319 finger ring, child’s, medieval 41, 59 Draper, Peter, book review by 356 Finglesham 90 Dungeness 87 First World War see World War I Durham, Anthony, and Michael Goor- flint machtigh, ‘The meaning of the Lower Palaeolithic handaxe, Canter- name Dover’ 315-27 bury 280 Durovernum Cantiacorum 36 Neolithic arrowhead, Pineham 294-5 Dymchurch 98 Late Neolithic and BA, Wainscott 291 Eales, Jacqueline, ‘Female literacy and BA, Canterbury 37 the social identity of the clergy Flint, Thomas R. and John B., iron- family in the seventeenth century’ mongers 17, 20 67-81 Fogge, Sir John 189 Eanswythe 225, 226 Folkestone East Farleigh 118 antiquarian views 215-34 Eastry the Bayle 215, 225-6 Egberht’s court 205 Castle Hill, Norman 215, 222, 227, lathe 83, 84, 84, 85, 87, 88, 89, 90-1, 228-9 92, 93, 94, 99, 100, 101, 103 chapel of St Botolph 227, 228 Eccles 96 charter 89 Edward I 271, 272, 275 East Cliff 223, 225, 227-9, 230 Edwards, Elizabeth, book review by East Cliff Roman villa 215, 229 355-6 as ‘Lapis Tituli’ 223, 229-31 Egberht of Kent/Egbert I 90, 205 Norman Priory 215 Elgar, Daniel, grocer 16 Roman 217, 219-21, 222, 223, 225- Elstob, Charles 67, 74, 75 6, 228-9, 230

381 GENERAL INDEX

Folkestone (cont.) Gordon Promenade 148, 158 Roman coins 226, 229 gun emplacements 138-40 St Eanswythe minster, Anglo-Saxon guns 136-8, 145, 149-57, 159, 162, 215, 225-6 163 Fordwich 91 hospital 144, 147 Foster Road 305 laboratory 143-4 four-post structure, IA 301 magazines 136, 140, 141-3, 145, foying 3 153, 155, 160, 161, 162 Frinsted, St Dunstan 211-12 Milton Barracks 143, 147, 157, Fulbert de Dover 331, 332 Milton Chantry, medieval 133, 144, 159, 160, 162, 163 Galloway, James A. (ed.), Tides and mines 147 Floods, new research on London mortuary 144 and the Tidal Thames from the other buildings 144-5 middle ages to the twentieth store rooms 155 century, reviewed 348-50 war shelters 153 Gaskell, George and William 16, 17, Whitehall Place 159 18, 20 Windmill St drill hall 145 Geary, Col. 149 Gravesend/Tilbury river crossing (ferry) George, Abraham, pub landlord 288 132, 149 Gervaise, monk 186 Green Man 201 Gildas, monk 219, 221, 223, 228, 229 guns see Gravesend, New Tavern Fort Giles, William 16, 17 glass 283, 284 hairpin, bone 60 Canterbury, Roman and post- Hall, Joseph, Bishop of Norwich 70 medieval 40, 44, 61-2 hammerstone 299 Wainscott, Saxon 293 Hammond, George, landowner 287 Wye, post-medieval 313 Harbledown Gloucester, Earl of 246, 249; see also Black Mill 277, 278 de Clare family St Nicholas’ Church misericords Glover, Thomas 288 188, 189, 192 Goacher, Deborah, ‘Kent and the earlier Hardy, Lesley, ‘“Objects of loving Pipe Rolls (1130 to c.1300): some attention”: antiquarian views of introductory notes’ 327-35 Folkestone. Part one’ 215-34 Godden, Misses 48 Hardy, Nathaniel, preacher 69 Godfrey, engraving of Tonbridge 238 Harley, Robert, 1st Earl of Oxford 73, Godfrid, woodmonger 45 75 gold antiquities 228 Harris, Dr John 223 Goormachtigh, Michael see Durham, Harris, Revd Richard 98 Anthony Harrison, Moses, boot maker 17, 20 Gordon, Lt Col. Charles 134-5, 136, Hartlip, St Michael and All Angels 147, 148, 159 212 Gouger, Daniel, miller 17, 18 Harwich (Essex), Dovercourt 318 Grain 158 Hasted, Edward 224, 225, 226, 227, Gravesend 230, 244, 278 New Tavern Fort 131-66 Hays, John, grocer 16, 20 barracks 144, 159, 161, 162, 163 Henderson, Michael, and Heather boom defence 147 Knight, ‘“Le Newerk of Maydeston” covered way 155, 156 - excavation of a medieval hospital fire control position 155-7 site at St Peter’s Wharf, Maidstone’ Fort House 133, 148, 160 115-29

382 GENERAL INDEX

Henry I 328 ironworking Henry II 331, 332 Ashford, IA furnace 301, 304, 306 Henry III 272 Wainscott, slag 293 Henry IV 201 Wye, iron smelting tap slag 313 Henry VIII 222 Isle of Wight Henry the carpenter 45 duver placenames 317, 318-19 Henry of Hereford, master-mason Hamstead 318, 319 275 Ryde, Dover Street 318, 319, 324 Henry, Philip, minister 73 St Helens 318, 319 Hermitage, Steph., painter 17 Seaview 318, 319 Herne, St Martin’s Church misericords 188, 191, 192, 196, 197, 203, 205, Jenkins, J[ohn], maltster 17, 20 210, 211 Jenkins, Mary, schoolmistress 47 Hickes, George, Dean of Worcester 73, Jenkins, Richard 16, 20 74 Jones, Chris, Tunbridge Wells in 1909. Hicks, Alison see Shand, Grant The year we became ‘Royal’. Hinds and Richardson, millers 288 Events and attitudes in the town Hipkin, Stephen see Felton, Susan 100 years ago, reviewed 357-8 Hodges, Thomas Law 13 Jones, Major T.H. 48 Hollingbourne 85, 96-7 Jones, Thomas, apothecary 15, 16 Holman Brothers of Canterbury, mill- Judkin, Revd Thomas James 287, 287 wrights 288 Jullieberrie’s Grave 88 Holman, Thomas 288 Honywood, William, politician 9 Kent Archaeological Society (KAS) Hoo 85, 103 website 329 Hoo Peninsula 148-9, 157 Kent Artillery Volunteers 145 Hopton, Susanna 73 Kent Nursing Institution 168, 177 horn working 63 Kerver, Theilmann 195 Horton, Katherine 68 key, iron 44, 60 hospitals Killingray, David, book reviews by Gravesend, military 144, 147 352-5 leper 44, 126 Killingray, David, and Elizabeth Purves medieval see Maidstone, St Peter’s (eds), Sevenoaks. An Historical Wharf Dictionary, reviewed 355-6 see also Canterbury King, Edward, survey by 238, 239, Hoyles, Martin, William Cuffay. The 244, 256, 268, 271 life and times of a Chartist leader, Knatchbull, Sir Edward 9, 13, 14 reviewed 354-5 knife handle, bone 313 human skeletal remains, Maidstone Knight, Heather see Henderson, 125-8 Michael Hunter, George Yeates, surgeon 15, 16, Knights Templar 330 19 Kyngtone 102

Iron Age Lambarde, William 75, 100, 101, 219, Canterbury, pottery 37, 49 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 230 Wainscott, LIA/RB trackway 291 Langton, Stephen, archbishop 187 see also Ashford, Park Farm; coins; Larkfield hundred 96 pottery de Lasaux (De Lesaux) family 47 ironwork, objects lathes, of East Kent, origins of 83-113 Canterbury 60 Laurence, Ray, Roman Archaeology Wye 313 for Historians, reviewed 343-4

383 GENERAL INDEX

Lawrence of Ludlow 273 St Mary’s Church 189, 192 lead shot 293 St Michael’s Church misericords Leeds Priory, prior of 118 188 Leland, John 220, 222-3, 224, 225, St Peter’s Wharf, medieval hospital 226, 227, 228 excavations 115-29 Lenham, St Mary’s Church misericords cemetery burials 115, 117, 122, 188, 191 123-7, 124, 128 leper hospitals 44, 126 chapel 115, 118, 121 Levey, E[manuel], jeweller 16 cloth shrouds 123 Lewis, Charles S., schoolmaster 15, drain, masonry 117, 120, 121, 122 16, 20 hospital buildings 121-2 Lewis, Samuel, clerk 15, 16, 19, 20 hospital dedication 118 Leybourn, Roger de 272 pilgrims 119 Limen, lathe 83-4, 85, 87, 88, 90, 91, pottery 125 92, 93, 94, 99 St Peter’s church 121, 122 Limen river 83, 93, 94 World War I recruitment 335-40 Lincoln, Henry 45 Manston family 192 literacy, women in 17th-century clerical Manston, William 192 families 67-81 Margate Little Stour river 93 anti-slavery 3, 5-20 Llangynwyd Castle (Glam.) 272 brewery 1, 5, 6-7, 8, 22 Lloyd, James, ‘The origin of the lathes Holy Trinity 21 of East Kent’ 83-113 Marsh, Thomas, miller 286 loomweights, Saxon 293 Marshall, George 17 Loose, fulling mill 118 Martin, David and Barbara, ‘A reinter- Lower Hope 152 pretation of the gatehouse at Lunn, Geoff, Medway and Swale Ship- Tonbridge Castle’ 235-76 ping through Time, reviewed 358 Mason, Martha, schoolmistress 47 Lushington, Sir John, From Gavel- Matthew le Wantier 45 kinders to Gentlemen: a History of Maw, Benjamin, grocer 15, 16 the Lushington Family in East Kent Medway river from 1200-1700, reviewed 350-2 bridging (crossing) 119, 236 Lyle, Lawrence, book review by 343-4 19th-century defences and refort- Lyminge, lathe 87, 91, 92, 93-4, 102, ifications 131, 132 103 Wester near 101, 102 Lyminge Abbey 91 metalworking see copper-alloy melting; Lympne, lathe 84, 85, 91, 93, 94, 103 ironworking; slag Military Service Conventions (1917) MacDougall, Philip, Chatham Dock- 335, 337, 338 yard. The Rise and Fall of a Military mills Industrial Complex, reviewed 352- Brasted 308, 310 3 Dover 323 McNicol, A.J. 47 see also Canterbury, Black Mill Maidstone 101 millstones 293 All Saints Church misericords 187, Milton 83, 84, 86, 99, 103 188, 189, 192, 193, 194, 199, Minster in Thanet 200, 201, 207, 210, 211 charter 89 All Saints college 119 St Mary’s Church misericords 188, anti-slavery 3 190, 192, 193, 194, 196, 197, bridge 118 199-200, 201, 204, 205, 207, 209, pilgrims 119 211

384 GENERAL INDEX misericords, medieval, in parish Peckham, Archbishop 189 churches 185-213 Peirce, John 16 Mono, Guido de, rector 192 Pellett, Irene, ‘The medieval miseri- Moody, Ges, book review by 348-50 cords of Kent’s parish churches’ Moreton, Archbishop 191 185-213 Morgan, David 49 Peters, Hugh, and daughter Elizabeth Morgan, George 49 69-70 mount, openwork, medieval 42, 60 Petrie, Susan, book review by 350-2 mount or tack, medieval 41, 59 Philipot, John 223 Mundie, George 48 Philipot, Thomas 217, 223, 226 Museum of London Archaeology Philp, Brian, The Discovery and (MOLA) 115 Excavation of the Roman Shore- Mywelle, William de 117 Fort at Dover, Kent, reviewed 346- 8 nails, iron 60, 313 Pickering, James, chemist 16 Nelson, Robert, philanthropist 73 Pikere, Nicholas le 117 Nennius 221, 223, 228, 229-30 pilgrims 119, 188, 200 Neolithic Pineham, Neolithic flint arrowhead flint, Wainscott 291 294-5 flint arrowhead, Pineham 294-5 pins long barrow 88 copper alloy 59, 60, 313 Neve, Thomas 189 bone (or needle) 60-1 Nevill family 168 Pipe Rolls 327-35 Nevill, Lady Caroline 168, 177 placenames Nevill, Lady Isabel 176 Dover 315-27 Nevill, Hon. Ralph 176 Folkestone as ‘Lapis Tituli’ 223, New Tavern Fort (see Gravesend) 229-31 Newby family, merchants 15, 20 in Pipe Rolls 329 Newby, Abraham, tailor 15, 17 plague 46, 118-19 Newby, Thomas, coal merchant 16 plant remains Notitia Dignitatum 220, 228, 315 Ashford, Park Farm 299, 303, 305 Brasted 308, 311 Osborne, Robert C., bookseller 16 Wainscott, EBA 291 Oswin, King 91 Wye 314 Ovenden, Toby, ‘The Cobbs of Margate: Plomer, John, carpenter 45 evangelicalism and anti-slavery in Plumptre, John Pemberton 13-14, 20 the Isle of Thanet, 1787-1834’ 1-32 Pope, Dr Horatio 170, 171, 173 Owen Committee 157-8, 161, 162 Porlock (Som.), Doverhay 318 oysters Portland, Margaret, Duchess of 77 Canterbury 39, 43 pottery Wye 314 prehistoric at Canterbury 38, 40, 49-52 Paine, William, blacksmith 17, 19, 20 ‘Belgic’ grog-tempered ware 49, Palaeolithic (Lower) handaxe 280 51 Parfitt, Keith, and Trevor Anderson, BA, flint- and grog-tempered 295, Buckland Anglo-Saxon Cemetery. 297 Dover: excavations 1994, reviewed Beaker 291 344-6 Deverel-Rimbury 291 Parker, Matthew, archbishop 75 IA 37, 49, 299, 301, 303 Parker, Thomas, minister 72 LIA 301, 304, 305, 306 Pasley, Major C. 134 LIA/RB 291

385 GENERAL INDEX pottery (cont.) post-medieval 281, 283, 284, 313 Roman/RB at Canterbury 44, 53, 56-8 at Ashford 304, 305 Border ware 58 at Canterbury 280 Calcareous-peppered ware 58 BB2 fabric 52 creamware 58 Central Gaulish 49 Dutch slipware 58 Central Gaulish Black Colour-coat early transfer-printed pearlware 58 fabric 51 Frechen 58 ERB 303, 304, 306 local earthenwares 58 handmade BB1 50 London stoneware 58 imitative Alice Holt greyware 52 redwares (PM1) 56, 58 late Roman grog-tempered 52 salt-glazed English stoneware 281 ‘Native Coarse Ware’ 51 Staffordshire-type combed slip- ‘North Gaulish’ Canterbury ware ware 58 51 tin-glazed ware 58 North Kent Fineware 50, 51 Wealden fine pink-buff earthen- Oxfordshire Red Colour-coat 52 wares 58 Samian 52 Westerwald 58 sandy grey Canterbury fabric 51 Pounds, Dr Thomas 172, 173 South Gaulish Samian 49-50 Powell, Andrew B., ‘Settlement and Stuppington Lane fabric BER1 49 landscape reorganisation from Thameside greyware 52 the Middle Iron Age to the Early white Rhenish fabric 52 Roman period: excavations south- white-slipped oxidised Hoo fabric east of Park Farm, Ashford’ 295- 50 307 Saxon 293 Powle, John, vicar 70-1 organic-tempered 293 prehistoric, track 90; see also Bronze medieval 311 Age; Canterbury, 10 Wincheap; at Canterbury 40, 41, 52-6, 55 flint; Iron Age; Neolithic; Palaeo- at Maidstone 125 lithic (Lower); pottery Brittoncourt Farm type 54 Pret, Orbert (widow of) 45 Canterbury Sandy Ware 54 Ptolemy 220, 315 Canterbury Transitional Sandy 56 Purfleet, powder magazine 132 Canterbury-type Fine Earthenware Pylere, Nicholas, son of Robert le 117 56 Flemish Highly Decorated Ware querns 54 EBA saddle quern 291 Langerwehe 56 Saxon 293 Late Tyler Hill ware 56 London ware 54 Rainham 85, 86, 103 Martincamp flask 56 Ramsgate, anti-slavery 9 Raeren 56 Randolph, Mary 74 Rhenish imports 56 Ravenna Cosmography 315 sand and shell (EM3) tempered Reculver, charter 89 54 Richards, John Inigo 239, 268 sand-tempered 311 Richardson, Frank, miller 288 shelly (EM2) 54 Richardson, Patricia, Addington: The Siegburg 56 Life Story of a Kentish Village, Tudor Green 56 reviewed 357 Tyler Hill 54, 56 Richborough 280 Wealden origin 56 river names 319-22

386 GENERAL INDEX roads, Roman 35, 36, 90, 280, 306 Seymour, Charles 224 Robason, John, chandler 17 Shand, Grant, and Alison Hicks, Robert the priest 45 ‘Roman and medieval development Robinson, William, glass dealer 15, 16 of a Canterbury suburban area: Rochester excavations at land adjoining anti-slavery 3, 9 No.10 Wincheap’ 33-65 bridge repair 328 Share, Frederick 47 Bridge work-list 85, 95-6, 97, 98, Sheerness 147, 158, 159 100 Shepway 84, Castle 330-1 Shipway 86, 99 Cathedral, manuscript 75 Shipway Cross 93 plague 119 Shoeburyness 134, 138, 158 prior 118 Shorne 330 see 95 Shornemead Fort 132, 136, 161 Rogers, Joseph, coroner 171, 173, 174- shrine, IA, Ashford 299 6, 177, 180 Singleton, William 8 Roman/Romano-British skimmer, copper-alloy 59-60 Canterbury 280, 281 slag Dover, and placenames 315-16, 317, Wainscott, ironworking 293 322, 323, 324, 325 Wye, medieval iron smelting 313 spoon probe 40, 59 slavery: anti-slavery movement on the Wye 311 Isle of Thanet 1-32 see also Ashford, Park Farm; Canter- Slough Fort 157 bury, 10 Wincheap; coins; Folke- Smith, Mary 69 stone; glass; pottery; roads; Smith, Rachel Seager see Cooke, Wainscott Nicholas Romney Marsh 85, 98 Smith, Victor, ‘New for old: the dev- Roode of Boxley 119 elopment of New Tavern Fort at roundhouses see Ashford, Park Farm Gravesend in the industrial age’ Rowe, Hills, boot maker 17 131-66, 131-66 Rowe, Thomas S., painter 17, 18 smock mill see Canterbury, Black Mill Russell, James 48 Snodland, charter 95, 97 Rybot, Robert, linen merchant 15, 17, Somner, John 223, 229, 230 18 Somner, William, antiquary 75 Southfleet, St Nicholas 212 St Leger, Ralph 187, 189 Speght, Rachel 71-2, 73 St Nicholas (at Wade) family see spoon, silver 313 Wade spoon probe, Roman 40, 59 Salter, Talfourd, QC 178, 179, 180, Stafford family 236 178, 179, 180 Stafford, Ralph, Lord 236 Sandwich 98 Stanhope, George, dean 74, 78 St Clement’s Church misericords Stanhope, Mary (dau.) 74 188, 191, 192 Stedman, Richard, chemist 170, 174, White Mill 287 179 Savage, Sarah (nee Henry) 72-3 Stelling Minnis, mills 284 Saxon see Anglo-Saxon/Saxon Stoke 85 scabbard chape, medieval 42, 59 Stokesay Castle (Shropshire) 249, 259, Scott, Gilbert 187 273 Scray 84, 86, 88, 94, 99 Stour, lathe 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94 scutage 329, 330 Stour river 91, 92, 94, 277 Sele, William de 118 Stow, John 223

387 GENERAL INDEX

Strood, Temple Manor 330 Tonbridge Castle gatehouse 235-76 Stukeley, William 223, 224, 225, 226, candle brackets 246, 262, 265 230, 231 carved heads (corbels) 235, 246, Sturry, lathe 87, 89, 91, 92, 93, 94, 249, 262-3, 274 103 chapel 244-5, 262 sunken featured building, Wainscott constable’s chamber 241, 245, 249, 293 275 Sutton-at-Hone 83, 84, 86 doorways 240, 245, 246, 251-3, 273, Swift, Dan, ‘Archaeological excavation 274 at the site of the former Taylor’s drawbridge 239, 243, 245 Garage, Bridge Street, Wye’ 311- encaustic tiles 246, 259 14; see also Fallon, David fireplaces and chimneys 243, 245, Swift, Ellen, book review by 344-6 246, 262-5, 273 Swinford, John, corn factor 17 floors 255-9 forework 239, 243 Tabula Peutingeriana 315 garderobes (and chutes) 237, 239, Taunton (Som.), document 97 241, 243, 245, 246, 247, 253, Textus Roffensis 75, 102 261, 265-7, 274 Thames river, 19th-century defences Great Chamber 237-8, 243, 244, and refortifications 131, 132-4, 246, 249, 250, 254, 259, 262-5, 135, 158, 159 268, 273, 274, 275 Thanet, Cobb family, evangelicalism Great Hall 237-8 and anti-slavery 1-32 guard rooms 245, 256 Thompson, George 9, 11, 12, 15, 23 inner bailey 236, 237, 241, 243, 244, Thompson, Henry 16 247, 253 Thoresby, Ralph, antiquarian 73, 74, mansion (1792) 241, 265 77 motte 236 Throwley, St Michael and All Angels parapets 241, 269-71 Church misericords 187, 188, 191, portcullises 238, 241, 243, 245-6, 195, 197, 203, 205, 206, 207, 208, 247, 252, 253-4, 258, 259, 271, 209 273, 274 Thunor, Thunor’s mound 90-1 roofs 238, 267-9 Thurnham, castle 332 Stafford Tower 237, 241, 244 de Thurnham family 332 stairs 237, 238, 245, 246, 256, 259- Thurnham, Robert de 332 62, 273 Thurnham, Stephen de 331, 332 Water Tower 237, 241, 244 Tilbury, East 150, 152, 158 well 241 Tilbury Docks 150 winding room 243, 245, 246, 258 Tilbury Fort 132, 134, 135, 136, 138, windows and shutters 244, 246-51, 145, 147, 149, 150, 153, 155, 157, 269, 273, 274 158, 159, 161, 162 toothbrush, bone 313 tiles Tulloch, Alexander, The Little Book of Roman 280 Kent, reviewed 356 medieval 313 tuning pegs, bone 60 encaustic 246, 259 Turcan, Robert, Tunbridge Wells peg-tiles 41, 313 through Time, reviewed 358 post-medieval 313 Twine, John, antiquarian 223 Timins, Revd John Henry 167-81 Tonbridge Ulcombe, All Saints Church misericords Civil War 238, 243, 268 187, 189, 192, 206, 208 town bridge 237, 244 upholstery tacks 313

388 GENERAL INDEX

Upnor Castle, garrison 293 William I 92 Williamson, Stephen Horton and Vange 87 Stephen 47 villa, Roman, Folkestone 215, 229 Willis, Henry, linen draper 17 Vortimer, prince 223, 229, 231 Wilson, Tania, ‘The history of Black Mill, St Martin’s Hill, Canterbury’ Wade, Nicholas de 192 277-90 Wade, St Nicholas de (at Wade) family windmills see Canterbury, Black Mill 192, 197 window lead 313 Wainscott, Hoo Road 291-3 Wingham, St Mary the Virgin Church Late Neolithic flint 291 misericords 189, 191, 192, 193, EBA 199, 201, 202, 204, 211 Beaker pottery 291 women, literacy in 17th-century flint 291 clerical families 67-81 plant remains 291 Woodchurch, All Saints Church saddle quern 291 misericords 189, 191, 193, 211 MBA 291 Woodnesborough 90, 91 LIA/RB trackway 291 Woodruff, Charles, wheelwright 17 RB enclosures 291 Woolwich 132 coins 293 World War I Saxon settlement 291, 293 defences 149, 159 post-medieval, lead shot 293 recruitment in Maidstone 335-40 Wanley, Humfrey, scholar 73, 74 World War II, defences 160 Wantsum Channel 325 Wouldham 96, 102 wara 83, 86, 91, 94, 99, 103 Wright, Harriet 167, 171, 172, 179 Ward, Anthony, book review by 341-2 Wright, James E., attorney 17 Waterbrook Park 305 Wright, Mary 171 Watts, Martin, ‘Maidstone and the Wright, Sarah Ann, victim of poisoning First World War. Friendly alien 167-81 recruitment and the Military Wrothesby, Col. George 136 Service Convention’ 335-40 Wye, lathe 83-4, 84, 85, 91-3, 94, 103 Wessex Archaeology 291 Wye, Bridge Street (excavation) 311- Wester 100-1, 102, 103 14 Wester Fort 102 bricks 313 Wester Hill 101, 102 medieval 311, 313 Westhawk Farm 305, 306 plant remains 314 West Malling, poisoning case 167-84 post-medieval 311, 313 Westwell, St Mary’s Church miseri- Roman 311 cords 189 Saxon 311 White, Edward, surveyor 17, 20 silver spoon 313 White, John, wine merchant 17 White, Thomas, shipwright 8 Yalding 102 Wik, Alexander son of Ralph de 117 Yeoman family 48, 49 Wilberforce, William 9, 22 Young, Revd Tho. 17, 19