Tarpanam Sankalpam – Nandhana Varusham (2012~13)
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Sanatana-Dharma
BASICS OF SANATANA DHARMA YUGAS • Satya Yuga (also known as Krita Yuga "Golden Age"): • The first and best Yuga. It was the age of truth and perfection. • Humans were gigantic, powerfully built, handsome, honest, youthful, vigorous, erudite and virtuous. The Vedas were one. All mankind could attain to supreme blessedness. • There was no agriculture or mining as the earth yielded those riches on its own. • Weather was pleasant and everyone was happy. There were no religious sects. There was no disease, decrepitude or fear of anything. • Human lifespan was 100,000 years and humans tended to have hundreds or thousands of sons or daughters. • People had to perform penances for thousands of years to acquire Samadhi and die. • Matsya, Kurma, Varaha and Narasimha are the four avatars of Vishnu in this yuga. • Treta Yuga: • Is considered to be the second Yuga in order, however Treta means the "Third". • In this age, virtue diminishes slightly. • At the beginning of the age, many emperors rise to dominance and conquer the world. Wars become frequent and weather begins to change to extremities. • Oceans and deserts are formed. • People become slightly diminished compared to their predecessors. • Agriculture, labor and mining become existent. Average lifespan of humans is around 1000- 10,000 years. • Vamana, ParasuRama, and Sri RamaChandra are the three avatars of Vishnu in Treta Yuga. • Dvapara Yuga: • Is considered to be the third Yuga in order. • Dvapara means "two pair" or "after two". • In this age, people become tainted with Tamasic qualities and aren't as strong as their ancestors. • Diseases become rampant. -
Governance and Leadership
Dr. Vaishnavanghri Sevaka Das, Ph.D. Director, Bhaktivedanta College of Vedic Education Affiliated to ISKCON, Navi Mumbai 1 Governance and Leadership Governance “the action or manner of governing a state, organization, etc. for enhancing prosperity and sustenance” Leadership “the state or position of being a leader for ensuring the good Governance” 2 Four Yugas and Yuga Chakra Our Position (Fixed) Kali Yuga Dwapara Yuga 4,32,000 Years 8,64,000 Years 10% 20% 1 Yuga Chakra 43,20,000 Years 40% 30% Satya Yuga Treta Yuga 17,28,000 Years 12,96,000 Years 1000 Rotations of the Yuga Chakra = 1 Day of Brahma Ji 1000 Rotations of the Yuga Chakra = 1 Night of Brahma Ji 3 Concept of Four Quotients Spiritually Intellectually Strong Sharp Physically Mentally Fit Balanced 4 Test Your Understanding of the Four Quotients • Rakesh is getting ready for his final semester exam. Because of his night out he is weak and tensed. • Rakesh’s father Rajaram came from morning jogging with heavy sweating and comforted his son with inspirational words. • Rakesh’s mother Shanti did special prayers to Lord Ganesha for all success to her son but she is also very tensed. • Rakesh’s sister Rakhi gave best wishes to him and put a tilak. She reminded him of his strengths and also warned him of weakness of getting nervous. • Rakesh got onto his bike and started speeding towards his college. He is tensed as his thoughts were also speeding on top gear. • Rakesh stopped on the road when he saw his classmate Abhay with whom he never spoke. -
Time Structure of Universe Chart
Time Structure of Universe Chart Creation of Universe Lifespan of Universe - 1 Maha Kalpa (311.040 Trillion years, One Breath of Maha-Visnu - An Expansion of Lord Krishna) Complete destruction of Universe Age of Universe: 155.52197 Trillion years Time remaining until complete destruction of Universe: 155.51803 Trillion years At beginning of Brahma's day, all living beings become manifest from the unmanifest state (Bhagavad-Gita 8.18) 1st day of Brahma in his 51st year (current time position of Brahma) When night falls, all living beings become unmanifest 1 Kalpa (Daytime of Brahma, 12 hours)=4.32 Billion years 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 Chaturyugas Chaturyugas Chaturyugas Chaturyugas Chaturyugas Chaturyugas Chaturyugas Chaturyugas Chaturyugas Chaturyugas Chaturyugas Chaturyugas Chaturyugas Chaturyugas 1 Manvantara 306.72 Million years Age of current Manvantara and current Manu (Vaivasvata): 120.533 Million years Time remaining for current day of Brahma: 2.347051 Billion years Between each Manvantara there is a juncture (sandhya) of 1.728 Million years 1 Chaturyuga (4 yugas)=4.32 Million years 28th Chaturyuga of the 7th manvantara (current time position) Satya-yuga (1.728 million years) Treta-yuga (1.296 million years) Dvapara-yuga (864,000 years) Kali-yuga (432,000 years) Time remaining for Kali-yuga: 427,000 years At end of each yuga and at the start of a new yuga, there is a juncture period 5000 years (current time position in Kali-yuga) "By human calculation, a thousand ages taken together form the duration of Brahma's one day [4.32 billion years]. -
1) Origin of Astronomy
Events that shaped human migrations • The last ice age began about 120,000 years ago. Origins of Astronomy • The Last Glacial Maximum, occurred about 18,000 BCE. • Between 15,000 BCE and 5,000 BCE, most of the world's glaciers melted the sea reclaimed former beaches and even valleys. • This movement of the sea inland occurred in several steps. – 13,000 BC Mayank Vahia – 9,000 - 8,000 BCE. 22 mm/year Tata Institute of Fundamental Research – 6,000 BCE. 2 mm/year – From 3000 BC, the rise is 7.5 mm/year. Mumbai 400 005 • Myths of great floods occur in many of the world's cultures. Origins of Astronomy 1 Origins of Astronomy 2 End of Ice Age and Human Migration • The last great Ice Age ended around 15,000 AVERAGE years ago and that must have facilitated human SNOW LINE migration. Origins of Astronomy 3 Origins of Astronomy 4 1 1,000,000 years in a nutshell! • Human race (Homo sapiens) first originate in Africa about million years ago. • They remain confined to central and northern Africa for almost 900,000 years! • Due to a mixture of reasons such as: – Sheer tireless desire to explore. – An overflow from population growth. – Inability of the local food sources to support a large human population. – Internal conflicts of personality within the population. – Differences in taste and preferred environment for settlement. They migrate out of Africa about 100,000 years ago. Origins of Astronomy 5 Origins of Astronomy 6 Origins of Astronomy 7 Origins of Astronomy 8 2 Migration and evolution Astronomy • Human race has gone through various stages of development. -
Newsletter Template 2011
2013 The Holy Days of May Celebrations, Observances and Information about Religious, Spiritual, and Cultural Occasions Office of InterFaith Pastoral and Spiritual Care Senior Chaplain Rev. Kathleen Ennis-Durstine extension 3321/ room 4201 Staff Chaplain Staff/Spanish Language Chaplain Margarita Roque extension 2626/ room 4115 oly Days with no fixed date Rev. Eliezer Oliveira H extension 5050/ room 4115 Speaks Portuguese/Spanish Bun Hill Day Hong Kong Cheung Chau is a tiny island located about 12 kilo- meters south of the Hong Kong mainland. A fishing community that depends al- Rev. Sonna Schambach Room 4115 most solely on the sea for its living, Cheung Chau is a curious mix of the modern and the traditional. Water taxis and ferries compete with sampans for space in Catholic Chaplain the crowded harbor. (Visitors who take the one hour ferry ride from the main- Fr. Olusola Adewole land are often surprised to discover that motorized vehicles are not allowed on extension 2966 /room 4115 the island). But what makes Cheung Chau truly distinct is that it holds the world's Catholic Mass: Thursday at 12:00 noon only annual bun festival. (Main Chapel, room 3201, third floor Also known as the "Festival of the bun hills," the four-day celebration Main) and Saturday at 4:00 pm (Main includes parB.C.E.es, opera performances, and children dressed in colorful cos- Chapel, room 3201, 3rd Floor Main tumes. But the most spectacular feature by far is the bun towers - large bamboo Hospital) structures several stories high, piled with sweet buns. The bun towers are locat- Prayer and Meditation Tuesday 12:45 pm ed in front of the Pak Tai temple, built in 1783 to commemorate the Pak Tai, the East Chapel, room 3033, third floor East Taoist God of the Sea. -
Tara Mata – Astrological World Cycles
Astrological World Cycles By Tara Mata (Laurie Pratt) Published in Serial Format in 1932-33 IN a series of articles, of which this is the first, the writer proposes to demonstrate the profound connection of an astronomical phenomenon, known as the Precession of the Equinoxes, with the history of mankind and the great cycles of the world. The true Age, or Yuga, of the present world-period, in reference to the Grand Cycle of Time, symbolized by the stars in their courses, will be pointed out, and certain erroneous ideas that have been circulated by modern philosophical literature, due to misunderstanding of the ancient Hindu Scriptures, will be corrected. The writer will attempt to make all astronomical and astrological references clear enough to be understood by those with only a very elementary knowledge of those sciences. Authority Is Great Hindu Sage Readers of EAST-WEST will be interested to know that the chief authority for the writer’s central thesis, which will be developed mainly in the second article of this series, is a small work, published privately in India, entitled: "The Holy Science," by Swami Yogananda’s Guru and Master, Swami Sri Yukteswar Giriji Maharaj, founder of Sadhumandal (counsel of sages) and its various Sat-Sanga (fellowship) branches in different parts of India. This saintly Guru is a learned and illuminating commentator on the Bhagavad Gita and other Scriptures, including the Christian Bible, and has, in addition, a grasp of modern science that entitles his views to a very respectful hearing. Systems of Chronology The many systems of chronology adopted by different nations at various times are usually the source of great confusion to later historians and archaeologists in their attempts to fix the periods of history. -
Shiva and the Primordial Tradition the Linga of Gudimallam, Second Century C.E
Shiva and the Primordial Tradition The Linga of Gudimallam, second century C.E. (Photograph copyright the French Institute of Pendicherry, used by permission.) Shiva and the Primordial Tradition FROM THE TANTRAS TO THE SCIENCE OF DREAMS AlainDanielou with Jean-Louis Gabin Translated from the French by Kenneth F. Hurry Inner Traditions Rochester, Vermont Inner Traditions One Park Street Rochester, Vermont 05767 www.InnerTraditions.com Copyright © 2003 by Alain Danielou English translation copyright © 2007 by Jean-Louis Gabin Originally published in French under the title Shivaisme et Tradition primordiale by Kailash Editions, Paris, Pondicherry First U.S. edition published in 2007 by Inner Traditions Calligraphy on page v copyright © 2007 by Hiralal Prajapati All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Danielou, Alain. [Shivaisme et tradition primordiale. English] Shiva and the primordial tradition: from the tantras to the science of dreams / Alain Danielou with Jean-Louis Gabin; translated from the French by Kenneth F. Hurry. - 1st U.S. ed. p. cm. Originally published: Paris: Kailash, © 2003. Edited conference presentations and journal articles, 1938-1991. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-1-59477-141-5 (pbk.) ISBN-10: 1-59477-141-3 (pbk.) 1. Saivism. 2. Hinduism - Rituals. I. Gabin, Jean-Louis. II. Title. BL1280.522.D3613 2007 294.5'513 - dc22 2006028258 Printed and bound in the United States by Lake Book Manufacturing 10 987654321 Text design and layout by Priscilla Baker This book was typeset in Sabon, with Juliana and Avenir used as display typefaces Note: Because classical Sanskrit diacritical marks were handled inconsistently in the original publication of essays included in this collection, the American editor has decided to dispense with them for all U.S. -
POST-Medievalism/ Modernity/ Postmodernity?
POST-Medievalism/ Modernity/ Postmodernity? By Penelope J. Corfield This essay was first published in Rethinking History, Vol. 14/3 (Sept. 2010), pp. 379-404. It is also available on-line via the Taylor & Francis website www.tandfonline.com. If quoting this essay, please kindly acknowledge copyright: © Penelope J. Corfield 2010 Abstract Studying human history means studying the recoverable stock of past human experiences and the retrospective assessments of those experiences. But recent arguments about how and whether historians can study earlier times have not yet sufficiently highlighted the questions of periodisation. This essay urges that such a debate is long overdue. In practice, historians are eclectic and many invoke their own preferred timespans. Yet the collective ‘default’ system of the profession as currently institutionalised sticks with out-dated assumptions about the onset of the ancient world, medievalism, modernity, and (perhaps) postmodernity. However, did history really change so schematically? The suggested binary ‘breaks’ between Modernity and Postmodernity at some stage in the later twentieth century are shown, upon close examination, to be subjective and inconsistent, as well as lacking in specific chronology. It also remains unclear whether this binary shift is/was applicable solely to western societies or to the entire world. Moreover, the uncertainty surrounding this supposed great transformation is as nothing in comparison with lack of clarity associated with the concept of Modernity and (not the same) Modernism. These confusions have been generated by historians and cultural critics who do believe that the past can be studied (here differing from theorists of Postmodernity); but who do not compare and contrast their own operating models. -
Ramamurthy, Priti, Ed. Spotlight on Ramayana
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 426 010 SO 029 230 AUTHOR Wadley, Susan, Ed.; Ramamurthy, Priti, Ed. TITLE Spotlight on Ramayana: An Enduring Tradition. INSTITUTION American Forum for Global Education, New York, NY. SPONS AGENCY Collaborative for Humanities and Arts Teaching.; National Endowment for the Humanities (NFAH), Washington, DC. ISBN ISBN-09-44675-54-9 PUB DATE 1995-00-00 NOTE 368p.; Funding also provided by CHART, Collaboratives for Humanities and Arts Teaching. AVAILABLE FROM The American Forum for Global Education, 120 Wall Street, New York, NY 10005; (Tel: 212-742-8232; Fax: 212-742-8752; e-mail: [email protected] ($40, based on numbers for quantity). PUB TYPE Guides Non-Classroom (055) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC15 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Foreign Countries; *Indians; *Instructional Materials; Literature; Multicultural Education; *Non Western Civilization; Secondary Education; Social Studies IDENTIFIERS *India; *Ramayana ABSTRACT This collection of lessons was developed by teachers in an institute focusing on teaching about India and the Ramayana. Essays providing background information are "The Oral Tradition and the Many 'Ramayanas'" (Philip Lutgendorf) and "Bringing Ramayana into the Classroom" (Hazel Sara Greenberg) .After an introduction by Susan Wadley, a Ramayana glossary, a piece called "The Ramayana! A 'Telling' of the Ancient Indian Epic," and maps of India, the sections include: (1) "How is Ramayana Part of the Great Storytelling Tradition?"; (2) "To What Extent Does Ramayana Introduce India and Its Culture?"; (3) "To What Degree Does Ramayana Help Us Comprehend Hindu Values and Religion?"; (4) "How Can Ramayana Help Us Gain an Understanding of Hindu Rituals?"; and (5)"How Does Ramayana Reflect Change Over Time and Space?" There are 25 units with lessons throughout the five sections. -
The Sacred Tree
THE SACRED TREE The Daiva Yugas and The World Cycles of Human Evolution CONTENTS Introduction Daiva Yugas and Our Evolutionary Process Our Cosmic Family The Tree of Life, Our Astralbiology The Way of the Oracle Shri Yantra Lunar Consciousness and the Earth Goddess The Myth of Demeter and Persephone The Healing of Psychic-Spiritual Metamorphosis The Myth of Inanna and Gilgamesh Solar Consciousness and the Sun God Lilith, The Original Primal Female Eclipses, Symbol of Divine Union as Evolutionary Portals Yin and Yang Red Moon Rising Venus, Rebirth as the Morning and Evening Star The Regeneration of our Tree of Life Through the Outer Planets The World Ages, Its Ancestral Footprint Leading to our Future Appendix A - Daiva Yugas Wheel of Time Appendix B - Diagram, Daiva Yugas 24,000 Year Cycle Appendix C - Diagram, Shri Yantra Appendix D - Diagram, Yin and Yang with Eclipse Cycle Overlay Appendix E - Diagram, Genesis of Human Tree of Life Appendix F - Dendera Zodiac 1 Introduction "Milk is the basis of butter, but the butter will not separate until the milk is churned; likewise, human nature is the ground of buddhahood, but without our existential realization sentient beings cannot awaken." Shabkar, Flight of the Garuda The simple words from a humble mystic of ancient Tibet capture the essence of the evolutionary journey. It is simply to learn through the lessons permeating duality about that which unifies all aspects of our existential experience. As we learn about that which unifies us, we uncover the essence of our nature and discover that our nature is reflected through the purity of creation itself and by extension the Divine Intelligence governing it. -
Kirtanam (Chanting) Why Is Chanting the Holy Name the Yuga Dharma for Kali Yuga?
Gopal’s Fun School (GFS) RS No. Gopinath-Nitai-007 Name: _________________________________ Date: ______________ 2. Kirtanam (Chanting) Why is chanting the holy name the Yuga dharma for Kali Yuga? There are different processes to achieve perfection in each age. In the Srimad Bhagvatam (12.3.52) it is explained that: kåte yad dhyäyato viñëuà / tretäyäà yajato makhaiù dväpare paricaryäyäà / kalau tad dhari-kértanät In Satya Yuga, the process to achieve perfection is meditating on the Supreme Lord. In Treta Yuga the process to achieve perfection is performing yajnas. In Dvapara Yuga the process to achieve perfection is deity worhip in the temple. In Kali Yuga the process to achieve perfection is chanting of the holy names of the Lord. In Kali Yuga, it is not possible to perform the processes recommended in the other three yugas. Why is that? In the Srimad Bhagavatam (SB 1.1.10) it is explained: präyeëälpäyuñaù sabhya / kaläv asmin yuge janäù mandäù sumanda-matayo / manda-bhägyä hy upadrutäù In Kali yuga, we cannot practice all the processes practiced in other ages because: People in the age of kali are: 1. Short lived, 2. Quarrelsome, 3. Lazy, 4. Misguided, 5. Unlucky and, 6. Always disturbed. Therefore in Kali Yuga the only method recommended is the repeated chanting of the holy names of the Lord. Chanting was powerful in other ages too, but it is especially powerful in Kali Yuga. Simply by chanting the holy name of Krishna one can be liberated and return home, back to God Head. So even if you are able to perform other processes of devotional service you can make chanting the main method for your own spiritual progress. -
Sacred Mountain : Interpretation of Sacred Place in Thailand
SACRED MOUNTAIN : INTERPRETATION OF SACRED PLACE IN THAILAND By Waranan Sowannee A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Program of Architectural Heritage Management and Tourism (International Program) Graduate School SILPAKORN UNIVERSITY 2009 The Graduate School, Silpakorn University has approved and accredited the Thesis title of “Sacred Mountain : Interpretation of Sacred Place inThailand” submitted by Ms.Waranan Sowannee as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Architectural Heritage Management and Tourism ……........................................................................ (Associate Professor Sirichai Chinatangkul,Ph.D.) Dean of Graduate School ........./..................../.......... The Thesis Advisor ....................................................... (Professor Emeritus Ken Taylor) The Thesis Examination Committee .................................................... Chairman (Professor Emeritus Trungjai Booranasompob,Ph.D.) ............/......................../.............. .................................................... Member (Professor Emeritus Ornsiri Panin) ............/......................../.............. .................................................... Member (Assistance Professor Chotima Chaturawong,Ph.D.) ............/......................../.............. .................................................... Member (Professor Emeritus Ken Taylor) ............/......................../.............