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Abomeydepliant.Pdf Capitale historique de l'ancien royaume du Danhomè, berceau du culte vaudou (vodun) et creu- set de la civilisation fon, Abomey est l'un des sites touristiques majeurs du Bénin. Le patrimoine exceptionnel de notre cité-palais reconnu par l’UNESCO est l'héritage vivant des ancêtres du peuple Fon. Les Aboméens en sont fiers, ils le protègent, le conservent et l'animent comme le plus précieux des biens. A leurs côtés, il me tient à coeur de valoriser cette ressource et d'y enraciner la force de demain. Abomey fait le pari du développement, c’est une ville qui gagne ! Blaise Onésiphore Ahanhanzo Glélé Maire d'Abomey, Président de l'Association Nationale des Communes du Bénin (ANCB) MI KUWABO ! Soyez les bienvenus ! e e Abomey est fondée au XVII siècle par le roi Houégbadja. Son fils, Akaba, r i bâtit son palais sur la dépouille du propriétaire des lieux, dénommé Dan et o t baptise le royaume Danhomè, signifiant littéralement en langue fon "dans le s i ventre de Dan". Entourée d'un fossé défensif, la cité prend le nom d'Agbomè h ' (en fon : "à l'intérieur du fossé"), qui donnera par dérivation "Abomey". C'est d le roi Houégbadja qui institue la culture religieuse et politique qui caractéri- u e sera le puissant royaume du Danhomè jusqu'à la colonisation française. p e n Au XVIII siècle, le roi Agadja forme un régiment d'amazones et étend le U royaume jusqu'à la côte Atlantique en conquérant les royaumes voisins d'Allada puis de Savi. Aux côtés du Portugal, de la France puis de la Hollande, le royaume du Danhomè participe alors pleinement au commerce des esclaves par le port de Ouidah et s'enrichit considérablement, mais il connaît des guerres répétées contre le royaume des yorubas. Ces conflits contraignent les fons à payer un lourd tribut. C'est véritablement au XIXe siècle, sous le roi Guézo, que le royaume atteint son apogée. Après l’abolition de l’esclavage, il fonde la richesse sur l’agricul- ture (maïs, huile de palme...) et libère le royaume d’Abomey de la domina- tion des yorubas en signant un traité de commerce et d’amitié avec la France. Son successeur, le roi Glélé, signe plusieurs traités avec les français qui éta- blissent d'importants comptoirs le long de la côte. En 1892 le roi du Danhomè souverain, Gbéhanzin, oppose une résistance farouche aux troupes françaises, avant d'être mis en défaite, puis déporté par le colonel Dodds en 1894. Abomey est placée sous protectorat français, pour former avec Porto Novo la colonie du Dahomey. En 1894, le frère de Gbéhanzin, Agoli-Agbo, monte sur le trône. La résistance se poursuit, le monarque est destitué six ans plus tard et déporté au Gabon. Chacun des rois qui se sont succédés à la tête du royaume d’Abomey possède un emblème représenté sous forme de pictogramme Monarques Symboles NB : Deux monarques Dakodonou (1625-1645) Jarre et briquet bannis des lignées royales au cours de Houégbadja (1645-1685) Poisson et nasse leur règne, font Akaba (1685-1708) Caméléon aujourd'hui l'objet d'un Agaja (1711-1742) Voilier travail de réhabilitation Tégbésu (1742-1774) Buffle habillé scientifique et histori- que : la reine Hangbé Kpengla (1774-1789) Passereau et fusil (1708-1711), destituée Agonglo (1789-1797) Ananas en raison du régime Guézo (1818-1858) Buffle non habillé monarchique fondé sur Glélé (1858-1889) Lion le patriarcat, et le roi Adandozan consideré Gbèhanzin (1889-1894 Oeuf et requin comme un tyran Agoli-Agbo (1894-1900) Jambe, pierre, arc, balai sanguinaire. Les hauts-lieux de l'histoire Les palais royaux d'Abomey, site inscrit sur la liste du patrimoine mondial en 1985 Ce site exceptionnel s'étend sur 47 hectares et se compose des palais que les rois successifs érigèrent les uns à côté des autres. Les palais des rois Guézo et Glélé, ornés de bas-reliefs, abritent le musée historique d'Abomey. Il met en scène la vie de la cour : origine et évolution du royaume, organisation sociale, vie militaire, insignes et objets royaux, etc.. C'est aussi un lieu de culture vivante, qui se prête régulièrement aux cérémonies coutumières, rites de couronnement ou d'intronisation. Du lundi au vendredi : 8h30 -17h - samedi et dimanche : 8h-17h - Entrée : 2500 FCFA (adulte) / 1000 FCFA (enfant) La cité historique d'Abomey • Les palais privés, parfois encore occupés par les descendants des rois. • L'agbodo, vestiges du fossé défensif qui ceinturait la ville sur 15 km environ. • La route des esclaves, circuit emprunté jadis à travers le Bénin pour acheminer les esclaves jusqu'à la côte. • L'Aïdjosso (cour du lycée Houfon), monticule de pierres à la mémoire d'une bataille livrée contre des royaumes voisins, sous le règne du roi Guézo. • La place Adanzoundji (palais privé du roi Guézo), où soldats et amazones aiguisaient leurs armes et faisaient promesse de vic- toire avant d'aller à la guerre. • La place Goho et la statue de Gbéhanzin, figure légendaire de la lutte contre la colonisation française. Culture et tradition Les lieux liés au culte vodoun • Les arbres sacrés, matérialisent certaines entrées de palais. A leurs pieds sont enfouis des autels de divinités. • Les temples vodouns, des divinités Zomadonou, Hebiosso, Sakpata, Agassou, Lissa, Yalodé et des divinités masquées Zangbéto, Egoun, Oro. • Les legbas et tolegbas, monticules de terre représentant un esprit protecteur. • La forêt sacrée et son vodoun (esprit). • Le Gbetinsa, couvent vaudoun lié à l’une des plus grande cérémonie du royaume du Danhomé. Le patrimoine vivant • Les danses cérémonielles et royales ancestrales, empreintes de ferveurs, de rythme et de couleurs. • Les cérémonies vodouns, nombreuses tout au long de l'année, elles peuvent durer plusieurs semaines et sont généralement un moment fort du séjour à Abomey. • Le festival culturel et cultuel du Danhomè, organisé chaque année en décembre depuis 2003. Pendant deux semaines, danses traditionnelles, chants, théâtre, grandes cérémonies et conférences attirent une foule nombreuse et animée. Ce rendez-vous désormais incontournable confirme l'importance du patrimoine historique et immatériel d'Abomey. Un artisanat varié Toiles appliquées, tissage, poteries, forge, vannerie, sculptures sur bois... La diversité et la qualité de l'artisanat d'Abomey sont un héritage de l'art de cour, tout comme la spécialisation des métiers dans certaines familles. A découvrir en divers endroits : village des artisans au musée historique, maison du peuple, "base d'appui aux artisans" près du Motel d'Abomey, centre des tis- serands sur les ruines du palais Agonglo, maison des jeunes et de la culture forges dans le quartier Hountondji, Adjahito, Doguèmè, Dozouémè... Des marchés traditionnels Les nombreux marchés rythment la vie de la ville. Fruits et légumes, viande et poisson, tissus et objets vodouns côtoient les produits de la phar- macopée traditionnelle. Marchés historiques Marché principal • Gbédagba •Houndjlo tous les 4 jours • Vidolé • Awanou Renseignements sur les jours de tenue • Agbodjannangan de marché à l'office de tourisme Abomey aujourd'hui Au coeur du département du Zou, la commune d'Abomey compte aujourd'hui environ 100 000 habitants, dont la majorité appartiennent à l'éthnie des fons. Elle s'étale sur un large espace divisé en arrondisse- ments urbains (Vidole, Hounli, Djegbe) et ruraux (Sehoun, Agbokpa, Detohou, Zounzounme). Située dans une vaste plaine de savane arborée, Abomey vit principalement de cultures telles que le coton, l'igname, le manioc, le maïs, le mil, l'arachide, le haricot, le bois de teck. Abomey Au coeur de votre séjour Des voies entretenues, une position centrale, Abomey est le point de départ idéal de nombreuses excursions : • Cotonou (2h30) • Ouidah et la route des pêches (2h) • Savalou (1h30) • La route des esclaves • Ganvié et sa cité lacustre (1h30) • Porto Novo (2h30) • Dassa et les 41 collines (1h) • Les fortifications et la porte magique Akaba Idéna à Kétou (-1h) • Le pays du masque Guélédé (-1h) Abomey Première ville du Bénin à disposer d'un office de tourisme Sur réservation : • Services d'un guide local agréé en véhicule ou en zem (taxi-moto) • Excursions dans les environs • Audience auprès du roi, chefs des collectivités royales, chefs de culte vaudoun • Spectacles de danses traditionnelles ne pas jeter sur la voie publique Tél :+22922500234 République duBénin Département duZou BP 07Abomey Mairie d'Abomey Renseignements [email protected] Tél :+22922501577 Samedi :9hà16h 9h à13het15h18h Du lundiauvendredi: République duBénin Dépar Abomey Goho et delaculture Maison desjeunes d'Abomey Office detourisme [email protected] Fax :+22922500764 + tement duZou 229 97682807 Conception/Réalisation © Mairie d’Albi / Photos © J.L. Berges, François Astorg, M. E. Cortés.
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