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Chronology and Impact of the 2011 Cordón Caulle Eruption, Chile
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 675–704, 2016 www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci.net/16/675/2016/ doi:10.5194/nhess-16-675-2016 © Author(s) 2016. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Chronology and impact of the 2011 Cordón Caulle eruption, Chile Manuela Elissondo1, Valérie Baumann1, Costanza Bonadonna2, Marco Pistolesi3, Raffaello Cioni3, Antonella Bertagnini4, Sébastien Biass2, Juan-Carlos Herrero1, and Rafael Gonzalez1 1Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino (SEGEMAR), Buenos Aires, Argentina 2Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland 3Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italia 4Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Pisa, Italia Correspondence to: Costanza Bonadonna ([email protected]) Received: 7 July 2015 – Published in Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss.: 8 September 2015 Accepted: 29 January 2016 – Published: 10 March 2016 Abstract. We present a detailed chronological reconstruction 1 Introduction of the 2011 eruption of the Cordón Caulle volcano (Chile) based on information derived from newspapers, scientific re- Recent volcanic crises (e.g. Chaitén 2008, Cordón Caulle ports and satellite images. Chronology of associated volcanic 2011 and Calbuco 2015, Chile; Eyjafjallajökull 2010, Ice- processes and their local and regional effects (i.e. precursory land) clearly demonstrated that even small–moderate to sub- activity, tephra fallout, lahars, pyroclastic density currents, plinian eruptions, particularly if long-lasting, can paralyze lava flows) are also presented. The eruption had a severe entire sectors of societies with a significant economic im- impact on the ecosystem and on various economic sectors, pact. The increasing complexity of the impact of eruptions on including aviation, tourism, agriculture and fishing industry. -
Su Beneplácito Por La Reactivación De Los Vuelos Del LADE (Líneas Aéreas Del Estado) En La Patagonia
“2016 Año del Bicentenario de la Declaración de la Independencia Nacional” Senado de la Nación Secretaria Parlamentaria Dirección General de Publicaciones (S-2474/16) PROYECTO DE DECLARACION El Senado de la Nación DECLARA: Su beneplácito por la reactivación de los vuelos del LADE (Líneas Aéreas del Estado) en la Patagonia. María M. Odarda.- FUNDAMENTOS Señora Presidente: LINEAS AEREAS DEL ESTADO es el único Organismo Estatal de Transporte Aéreo de Fomento. Depende de la Fuerza Aérea Argentina, y su origen fue el deseo y la necesidad de emprender una acción comunitaria que uniese los centros de mayor densidad poblacional con los alejados pueblos de nuestro territorio, carentes de medios rápidos y regulares de comunicación creando nuevas rutas que luego sean exploradas por empresas privadas. Desde hace 75 años, una red que sirvió para integrar a la Patagonia cubriendo rutas no demasiado atractivas desde el punto de vista comercial, pero ciertamente imprescindibles desde la perspectiva social. Esta Línea Aérea de Transporte de Pasajeros, Carga y Correspondencia cubre la ruta entre El Palomar y Esquel, con escalas intermedias en Santa Rosa, Neuquén y San Carlos de Bariloche, haciendo su vuelo inaugural el 04 de Septiembre de dicho año, bajo la denominación de LASO, (Líneas Aéreas del Sudoeste). Este primer vuelo oficial regular se realizó con un avión Junker JU-52, trimotor, al mando del entonces Tte. 1ro. D. Juan Francisco Fabri. Posteriormente, se creó LANE. (Líneas Aéreas del Noreste) que cubría la ruta entre Buenos Aires y Cataratas del Iguazú, realizando su vuelo inicial el 06 de enero de 1944. OCTUBRE 1944 Se unificaron las denominaciones LASO y LANE, en LADE (Líneas Aéreas del Estado), la que sigue cumpliendo con el cometido para la que fue creada, llegando a nuestra Patagonia a través de sus sucursales. -
Integrated Report 2020 Index
INTEGRATED REPORT 2020 INDEX 4 28 70 92 320 PRESENTATION CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SECURITY METHODOLOGY SWORN STATEMENT 29 Policies and practices 71 Everyone’s commitment 93 Construction of the report 31 Governance structure 96 GRI content index 35 Ownership structure 102 Global Compact 5 38 Policies 103 External assurance 321 HIGHLIGHTS 74 104 Glossary CORPORATE STRUCTURE LATAM GROUP EMPLOYEES 42 75 Joint challenge OUR BUSINESS 78 Who makes up LATAM group 105 12 81 Team safety APPENDICES 322 LETTER FROM THE CEO 43 Industry context CREDITS 44 Financial results 47 Stock information 48 Risk management 83 50 Investment plan LATAM GROUP CUSTOMERS 179 14 FINANCIAL INFORMATION INT020 PROFILE 84 Connecting people This is a 86 More digital travel experience 180 Financial statements 2020 navigable PDF. 15 Who we are 51 270 Affiliates and subsidiaries Click on the 17 Value generation model SUSTAINABILITY 312 Rationale buttons. 18 Timeline 21 Fleet 52 Strategy and commitments 88 23 Passenger operation 57 Solidary Plane program LATAM GROUP SUPPLIERS 25 LATAM Cargo 62 Climate change 89 Partner network 27 Awards and recognition 67 Environmental management and eco-efficiency Presentation Highlights Letter from the CEO Profile Corporate governance Our business Sustainability Integrated Report 2020 3 Security Employees Customers Suppliers Methodology Appendices Financial information Credits translated at the exchange rate of each transaction date, • Unless the context otherwise requires, references to “TAM” although a monthly rate may also be used if exchange rates are to TAM S.A., and its consolidated affiliates, including do not vary widely. TAM Linhas Aereas S.A. (“TLA”), which operates under the name “LATAM Airlines Brazil”, Fidelidade Viagens e Turismo Conventions adopted Limited (“TAM Viagens”), and Transportes Aéreos Del * Unless the context otherwise requires, references to Mercosur S.A. -
Futangue Hotel & Spa Presentation
FUTANGUE HOTEL & SPA PRESENTATION MAGNIFICENT LOCATION WHY FUTANGUE FACILITIES EXCURSIONS CHILE’S LAKES AND VOLCANOES Explore the Patagonian Andes in Futangue Park GET READY for a journey through breathtaking natural landscapes, covered by vast expanses of pristine forests and majestic mountains. Venture among beautiful lakes, turquoise waterfalls, and spectacular lava fields. This remote and once impenetrable land now has a network of exclusive hiking trails, allowing visitors to enjoy nature like nowhere else. Chile Argentina Ruta T-85, KM 22, N GETTING TO Riñinahue, Lago Ranco. Temuco 40°19’56.24”S FUTANGUE PARK Airport 72°13’38.14”O Araucanía Pucon Villarrica Airport Pichoy Valdivia Los Lagos Flights from Santiago to airports in: Reumen Lago Ranco Río Bueno Osorno Airport Cañal Bajo Temuco Villa La Angostura (ZCO) Valdivia (Araucanía) San Carlos de (ZAL) 1:20 hrs. Puerto Varas Bariloche (Pichoy) 1:25 hrs. Airport Osorno El Tepual Puerto Montt (ZOS) Pacific Ocean Puerto (Cañal Bajo) Montt 1:35 hrs. (PMC) Transfer time to the hotel from: (El Tepual) 1:40 hrs. Chile: Osorno: 1:30 hrs. - Valdivia: 2:00 hrs. - Puerto Montt: 2:30 hrs. - Temuco: 3:00 hrs. Argentina: Villa La Angostura: 3:25 hrs. - Bariloche: 4:30 hrs. WHY FUTANGUE PRIVATE RESERVE Futangue is a private family-run conservation project with a network of over 70 miles of trails in an area of more than 13.500 ha. The park has controlled access and there are no campsites or large groups from local agencies crowding the trails, ensuring quiet and peaceful hikes. WHY FUTANGUE VARIETY OF ACTIVITIES The park is a destination for all kinds of outdoor experiences: hiking, fly fishing, bird watching, mountain biking, horseback riding, kayaking, snowshoeing, nature photography, bathing in hot springs, and visiting local villages are just some of them. -
Julio 2014 - ISSN 1852-4508 Centro De Estudios Interdisciplinarios En Etnolingüística Y Antropología Socio-Cultural
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repositorio Hipermedial de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario Papeles de Trabajo Nº 27 - Julio 2014 - ISSN 1852-4508 Centro de Estudios Interdisciplinarios en Etnolingüística y Antropología Socio-Cultural PARADIGMAS DE CONSERVACIÓN Y MODELOS DE DESARROLLO Y SUSTENTABILIDAD EN VILLA TRAFUL (NEUQUÉN, ARGENTINA) Lara BERSTEN Resumen En estas páginas nos proponemos reflexionar sobre los conflictos por la apropiación y el uso de los recursos naturales en la localidad de Villa Traful (Departamento Los Lagos, Neuquén- Argentina) situada dentro del Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi. Describimos y explicamos la creación de dicha localidad como espacio patrimonial y sus transformaciones, vinculada a un modelo específico de naturaleza y preservación, que priorizó el turismo como actividad económica principal en detrimento de otras actividades productivas. Recuperamos la noción de “territorio” como espacio en el que se encarnan las relaciones sociales. Palabras clave: naturaleza; patrimonio, turismo; desarrollo sustentable; territorio Abstract This paper reflects the conflicts over ownership and use of natural resources in Villa Traful (Department Los Lagos, Neuquén, Argentina) located within the Nahuel Huapi National Park from. By focusing in creation and transformations of the town as a heritage space, from which outlined a specific model of nature was outlined. Such model promoted tourism as main economic activity at the expense of other productive activities. We recover the notion of "territory" as a space in which social relations are embodied. Key Word: nature; heritage; tourism; sustainable development; territory Résumé Dans cette article on se propose réfléchir sur la expérience de la population de Villa Traful (Département de Los Lagos, Neuquén-Argentine) situé dans le Parc National Nahuel Huapi, à partir des conflits pour l’appropriation et l`usage des recours naturels. -
La Construcción Del Viaje En Avión. Argentina, 1929-1960
XI Jornadas de Sociología. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, 2015. Movilidad y prácticas: la construcción del viaje en avión. Argentina, 1929-1960. Melina Piglia. Cita: Melina Piglia (2015). Movilidad y prácticas: la construcción del viaje en avión. Argentina, 1929-1960. XI Jornadas de Sociología. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires. Dirección estable: https://www.aacademica.org/000-061/972 Acta Académica es un proyecto académico sin fines de lucro enmarcado en la iniciativa de acceso abierto. Acta Académica fue creado para facilitar a investigadores de todo el mundo el compartir su producción académica. Para crear un perfil gratuitamente o acceder a otros trabajos visite: https://www.aacademica.org. XI Jornadas de Sociología. 13 al 17 de julio de 2015 Movilidad y prácticas: la construcción del viaje en avión. Argentina, 1929-1960 Melina Piglia (CONICET-UNMdP) Resumen El transporte aéreo regular de pasajeros en la Argentina comenzó en 1929, con la instalación de la Aeroposta Argentina (de capitales franceses), seguida poco después por las norteamericanas Nyrba y Pan American Grace Airways. Recién a mediados de los años treinta, con la incorporación de aviones más grandes, el transporte de pasajeros creció en importancia frente al transporte de correspondencia, que, todavía hasta la segunda guerra mundial, constituía la base del negocio aerocomercial. Esta expansión del transporte de pasajeros se fundó en las transformaciones técnicas que aumentaron el tamaño y la carga útil de los aviones y la hicieron por lo tanto posible. Fue producto además de un proceso por el cuál el viaje en avión, una experiencia extraña, incómoda y atemorizante, fue construido como una práctica prestigiosa, segura, deseable, moderna y distinguida entre quienes volaban y también entre quienes jamás podrían hacerlo. -
On the Road to Nowhere in Wild Patagonia | Straight.Com 12/08/08 11:05 AM
On the road to Nowhere in wild Patagonia | Straight.com 12/08/08 11:05 AM Search Vancouver Listings Find concerts, movies, restaurants, arts, & events Arts Clubs Dining Events Movies Music Home Arts Blogs Classifieds Contests Dining Lifestyle Movies Music News Personals Style Tech Events search Straight.com Vancouver, BC 21°c RSS site map log in Travel June 16, 2005 email print On the road to Nowhere in wild Patagonia By Mark Sissons Nowhere is a place. That's how author Paul Theroux described the windswept wilderness of Patagonia, the sparsely populated region straddling Chile and Argentina at the bottom of South America. Other literary visitors-from Charles Darwin to 19th-century diarist W.H. Hudson-have marvelled at this isolated region's appeal to our romantic sense of the remote. "The word 'Patagonia', like Mandalay or Timbuktu, lodged itself in the Western imagination as a metaphor for The Ultimate, the point beyond which one could not go," wrote British writer- lookpoppies explorer Bruce Chatwin. I think I'm pretty uncomplicated and light hearted. I don't... To the Eurocentric residents of Buenos Aires-the Porteños-Patagonia has always been www.straight.com/personals/ synonymous with emptiness. Buenos Aires-born writer and poet Jorge Luis Borges summed up their attitude when he said, "You will find nothing there. There is nothing in Patagonia." What is this mystical Nowhere, containing nothing, like? This land that Hudson described as so enormous and empty as to "leave the mind open and free to receive an impression of nature as a whole"? To find out, I set out to the uttermost ends of the earth-finis terrae-the furthest human migration reached from its evolutionary cradle of East Africa. -
Global Volatility Steadies the Climb
WORLD AIRLINER CENSUS Global volatility steadies the climb Cirium Fleet Forecast’s latest outlook sees heady growth settling down to trend levels, with economic slowdown, rising oil prices and production rate challenges as factors Narrowbodies including A321neo will dominate deliveries over 2019-2038 Airbus DAN THISDELL & CHRIS SEYMOUR LONDON commercial jets and turboprops across most spiking above $100/barrel in mid-2014, the sectors has come down from a run of heady Brent Crude benchmark declined rapidly to a nybody who has been watching growth years, slowdown in this context should January 2016 low in the mid-$30s; the subse- the news for the past year cannot be read as a return to longer-term averages. In quent upturn peaked in the $80s a year ago. have missed some recurring head- other words, in commercial aviation, slow- Following a long dip during the second half Alines. In no particular order: US- down is still a long way from downturn. of 2018, oil has this year recovered to the China trade war, potential US-Iran hot war, And, Cirium observes, “a slowdown in high-$60s prevailing in July. US-Mexico trade tension, US-Europe trade growth rates should not be a surprise”. Eco- tension, interest rates rising, Chinese growth nomic indicators are showing “consistent de- RECESSION WORRIES stumbling, Europe facing populist backlash, cline” in all major regions, and the World What comes next is anybody’s guess, but it is longest economic recovery in history, US- Trade Organization’s global trade outlook is at worth noting that the sharp drop in prices that Canada commerce friction, bond and equity its weakest since 2010. -
Chronology and Impact of the 2011 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle Eruption
Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., 3, 5383–5452, 2015 www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci-discuss.net/3/5383/2015/ doi:10.5194/nhessd-3-5383-2015 © Author(s) 2015. CC Attribution 3.0 License. This discussion paper is/has been under review for the journal Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (NHESS). Please refer to the corresponding final paper in NHESS if available. Chronology and impact of the 2011 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption, Chile M. Elissondo1, V. Baumann1, C. Bonadonna2, M. Pistolesi3, R. Cioni3, A. Bertagnini4, S. Biass2, J. C. Herrero1, and R. Gonzalez1 1Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino (SEGEMAR), Buenos Aires, Argentina 2Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland 3Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy 4Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy Received: 7 July 2015 – Accepted: 12 August 2015 – Published: 8 September 2015 Correspondence to: C. Bonadonna ([email protected]) Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 5383 Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Abstract We present a detailed chronological reconstruction of the 2011 eruption of Puyehue- Cordón Caulle volcano (Chile) based on information derived from newspapers, scien- tific reports and satellite images. Chronology of associated volcanic processes and 5 their local and regional effects (i.e. precursory activity, tephra fallout, lahars, pyroclas- tic density currents, lava flows) are also presented. The eruption had a severe impact on the ecosystem and on various economic sectors, including aviation, tourism, agri- culture, and fishing industry. -
World Air Transport Statistics, Media Kit Edition 2021
Since 1949 + WATSWorld Air Transport Statistics 2021 NOTICE DISCLAIMER. The information contained in this publication is subject to constant review in the light of changing government requirements and regulations. No subscriber or other reader should act on the basis of any such information without referring to applicable laws and regulations and/ or without taking appropriate professional advice. Although every effort has been made to ensure accuracy, the International Air Transport Associ- ation shall not be held responsible for any loss or damage caused by errors, omissions, misprints or misinterpretation of the contents hereof. Fur- thermore, the International Air Transport Asso- ciation expressly disclaims any and all liability to any person or entity, whether a purchaser of this publication or not, in respect of anything done or omitted, and the consequences of anything done or omitted, by any such person or entity in reliance on the contents of this publication. Opinions expressed in advertisements ap- pearing in this publication are the advertiser’s opinions and do not necessarily reflect those of IATA. The mention of specific companies or products in advertisement does not im- ply that they are endorsed or recommended by IATA in preference to others of a similar na- ture which are not mentioned or advertised. © International Air Transport Association. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, recast, reformatted or trans- mitted in any form by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval sys- tem, without the prior written permission from: Deputy Director General International Air Transport Association 33, Route de l’Aéroport 1215 Geneva 15 Airport Switzerland World Air Transport Statistics, Plus Edition 2021 ISBN 978-92-9264-350-8 © 2021 International Air Transport Association. -
Aviation Industry Leaders Report 2021: Route to Recovery
The Aviation Industry Leaders Report 2021: Route to Recovery www.aviationnews-online.com www.kpmg.ie/aviation KPMG REPORT COVERS 2021.indd 1 20/01/2021 14:19 For what’s next in Aviation. Navigating Change. Together. Your Partner For What’s Next KPMG6840_Aviation_Industry_Leaders_Report REPORT COVERS 2021.indd 2021 2 Ads x 4_Jan_2021.indd 4 19/01/202120/01/2021 15:37:29 14:19 CONTENTS 2 List of 10 Regional Review 24 Airline Survivorship 36 Return of the MAX 54 Chapter Four: The Contributors and Post-Covid World Acknowledgements Chapter One Assessing which Boeing’s 737 MAX incorporates a regional airlines will survive the aircraft was cleared for The recovery from 4 Foreword from Joe review of the aviation immediate health crisis return to service after the devastation the O’Mara, Head of market. and the subsequent the US Federal Aviation coronavirus pandemic Aviation, KPMG recovery period has Administration officially has wrought on the 18 Government rescinded the grounding world is expected to be Ireland become an essential Lifelines skill for lessors, lenders order. Industry experts slow but how will the 6 Chapter One: and suppliers. discuss the prospects new world environment This section takes a for the aircraft type and impact demand for air Surviving the Crisis deep dive into the levels 28 Chapter Two: Fleet how it will be financed. travel. This chapter also of government support considers the impact This chapter considers Focus for the aviation industry 44 Chapter Three: The of climate change the macroeconomic and around the world and Airlines are likely to Credit Challenge concerns on the aviation geopolitical shock of the considers its impact emerge from the crisis coronavirus pandemic industry. -
AIRPORT DEVELOPMENT International News Each Issue of Airport Development Focuses on a Different Region of the World, with Global News at the End of This Section
Page 1 of 14 10 February 2021 No. 1138 DEV Published biweekly – available by annual subscription only – details & order online at: www.mombergerairport.info Publisher: Martin Lamprecht [email protected] – Founding Editor: Manfred Momberger News Editors: Paul Ellis [email protected] – Marnix (Max) Groot [email protected] Momberger Airport Information by Air Trans Source Inc. – international news & data – published since 1973 AIRPORT DEVELOPMENT International News Each issue of Airport Development focuses on a different region of the world, with global news at the end of this section. A list of past focus regions published in recent years can be downloaded from the Bonus section in the subscriber pages of our website. Focus Region: South America Other Regions from page 11 ARGENTINA Aeroparque Jorge Newbery Airport, Buenos Aires’ domestic airport and the nation’s second busiest, is being upgraded, enabling the airport to handle international flights. The USD 62,56- million project will include lengthening and rehabilitation of the runway, the installation of new navigational aids, and enlargement of the passenger terminal. About USD 44 million will be used for the maintenance and rehabilitation of the runway and to extend it by 615 meters (2,000 feet). This will enable the airport to receive heavier and larger aircraft such as the Airbus 330. It will open the airport not only to flights to and from neighbouring countries but also to countries as far away as Peru. The project will be completed in February 2020 and is part of a larger program to upgrade the nation’s airports (see next article below).