5 Costs of Municipal Waste Management
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Seite 2 l L-AWP 2010 Provincial Waste Management Plan Styria 2010 unanimously agreed by the Styrian Provincial Government 17 May 2010 Volume 17 of information series Waste and Material Flow Management Owner and editor: Styrian Provincial Government Specialised Division 19D – Waste and Material Flow Management 8010 Graz, Bürgergasse 5a AUSTRIA Phone: +43 (0)316 877-4323 Fax: +43 (0)316 877-2416 Email: [email protected] Head: Hofrat Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Wilhelm Himmel (Sustainability Coordinator) Project management and compilation: Mag. Dr. Ingrid Winter (FA19D) Phone: +43 (0)316 877-5931 Email: [email protected] Picture copyright: FA19D Data source Styria maps: Styrian Provincial Government, Abteilungsgruppe Landesbaudirektion – Stabsstelle Geoinformation (LBD-GI) English version: FA19D FA19D 50.01-05/2008-059-4 1.12.2010 Translation: Mag. Claudia Lanschützer Note for citation: Styrian Provincial Government (ed.): Federal Waste Management Plan 2010. Graz, 2010. The L-AWP 2010 is available for download in PDF format at www.abfallwirtschaft.steiermark.at. Seite 4 l L-AWP 2010 – Preface Preface Natural resources – notably water, food and energy – are the central issues to be dealt with in the 21st century. This means that i) we have to find more economic and more efficient ways to use our resources; ii) we have to strengthen regional economic structures and iii) we have to change our life-style. If we fail to use our resources in an efficient way, the cost of our living will literally outgrow our expectations. While natural resources are limited, the number of people is growing, and so is the consumption of nature and its resources. The three key messages are: information – research – economising. Creating public awareness leading to changes in behaviour patterns is invaluable: we, who live in “First World Countries”, have for a long time been consuming more energy, more organic surfaces, more food than we would be entitled to according to criteria of global responsibility and sustainability. Foto: Schiffer Every day, we continue our life-style and the related consumption patterns at the expense of others, and at the expense of our own children’s future! Living in an ecologically truly problematic global economy, we need to propose a future-oriented regional economy to go alongside. The Provincial Waste Management Plan Styria 2010 represents a major contribution towards this goal, since it is the current basis for waste management-related planning for the next 10 years. It is aimed at minimising the effects of waste management to human health and the environment and at consequently pursuing a sustainable conservation of resources. We must not forget that waste is the most valuable raw material of the future – in this regard, Styria has acted as a role model for years. The success of Styrian waste management shows that a major ecological problem can be turned into an economic chance. For exactly this reason, Styria has assumed a leading role in the field of resource management in Europe and all over the world. Functioning waste treatment is characterised by true personal responsibility, strong environmental commitment and high need of information. Our measures show that environmental protection is actively pursued in Styria, including Styrian waste management. Making good things even better is the goal we want to communicate. Let us work together, and let us make active protection of the environment and enforced waste prevention and waste separation the maxim for the next years. Johann Seitinger Landesrat l Seite 5 L-AWP 2010 – Table of content Table of content Preface .................................................................................................................................................... 5 Table of content ..................................................................................................................................... 6 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 11 2 Current framework conditions .................................................................................................... 16 2.1 Requirements for sustainable development ........................................................ 16 2.2 Legal and factual bases ....................................................................................... 18 2.2.1 Legislation of the European Community (EC) and communications from the European Commission ........................................................................................ 18 2.2.2 Legislation at the national level ............................................................................ 24 2.2.3 Legislation at the provincial level ......................................................................... 30 2.2.4 Federal Waste Management Plan 2006 .............................................................. 32 2.2.5 Strategies for sustainable development and climate protection .......................... 32 2.3 Organisational framework conditions .................................................................. 36 2.3.1 Departments of the Styrian Provincial Government and District Administration Offices .................................................................................................................. 36 2.3.2 The waste management associations .................................................................. 38 2.3.3 The municipalities ................................................................................................ 40 2.3.4 The private waste disposal industry ..................................................................... 47 2.3.5 Private Public Partnership (PPP) ......................................................................... 48 2.3.6 Agriculture ............................................................................................................ 49 2.3.7 Other partners ...................................................................................................... 49 3 Generation, collection and treatment of waste ......................................................................... 54 3.1 Definition of terms and collection of data ............................................................. 54 3.2 Total municipal waste volumes in Styria .............................................................. 57 3.2.1 Development of municipal waste volumes ........................................................... 57 3.2.2 Summary 2009 ..................................................................................................... 61 3.3 Mixed municipal waste (residual waste) .............................................................. 62 3.3.1 Waste volumes ..................................................................................................... 62 3.3.2 Composition of residual waste ............................................................................. 65 3.3.3 Waste treatment and climatic relevance .............................................................. 68 3.3.4 Summary 2009 ..................................................................................................... 83 Seite 6 l L-AWP 2010 - Table of content 3.3.5 Mixed municipal waste from trade and industry ................................................... 84 3.4 Street sweepings and waste on public areas (littering) ....................................... 86 3.4.1 Waste volumes ..................................................................................................... 86 3.4.2 Waste treatment ................................................................................................... 88 3.4.3 Summary 2009 ..................................................................................................... 88 3.5 Bulky municipal waste (bulky waste) and waste wood ........................................ 91 3.5.1 Waste volumes ..................................................................................................... 91 3.5.2 Waste treatment ................................................................................................... 93 3.5.3 Summary 2009 ..................................................................................................... 93 3.6 Biogenic municipal waste (organic waste) ........................................................... 94 3.6.1 Waste volumes ..................................................................................................... 94 3.6.2 Waste treatment ................................................................................................... 96 3.6.3 Summary 2009 ................................................................................................... 105 3.7 Waste paper ....................................................................................................... 106 3.7.1 Waste volumes ................................................................................................... 106 3.7.2 Waste treatment ................................................................................................. 109 3.7.3 Summary 2009 ................................................................................................... 109 3.8 Waste glass ....................................................................................................... 109 3.8.1 Waste volumes – glass packagings ................................................................... 109 3.8.2 Waste