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Human Osteology: in Archaeology and Forensic Science Edited by Margaret Cox and Simon Mays Frontmatter More Information Cambridge University Press 052169146X - Human Osteology: In Archaeology and Forensic Science Edited by Margaret Cox and Simon Mays Frontmatter More information HUMAN OSTEOLOGY in Archaeology and Forensic Science © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 052169146X - Human Osteology: In Archaeology and Forensic Science Edited by Margaret Cox and Simon Mays Frontmatter More information To Theya Molleson and Don Brothwell, who taught us so much © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 052169146X - Human Osteology: In Archaeology and Forensic Science Edited by Margaret Cox and Simon Mays Frontmatter More information HUMAN OSTEOLOGY in Archaeology and Forensic Science Editors Margaret Cox and Simon Mays © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 052169146X - Human Osteology: In Archaeology and Forensic Science Edited by Margaret Cox and Simon Mays Frontmatter More information CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521691468 © Greenwich Medical Media Ltd 2000 The right of Margaret Cox and Simon Mays to be identified as editors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2000 Reprinted 2002 Digitally reprinted by Cambridge University Press 2006 A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library ISBN-13 978-0-521-69146-8 paperback ISBN-10 0-521-69146-X paperback While the advice and information in this publication is believed to be true and accurate, neither the authors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility or liability for any loss or damage arising from actions or decisions based in this publication. The ultimate responsibility for the treatment of patients and the interpretation lies with the medical practitioner. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and the inclusion in this publication relating to a particular product, method or technique does not amount to an endorsement of its value or quality. © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 052169146X - Human Osteology: In Archaeology and Forensic Science Edited by Margaret Cox and Simon Mays Frontmatter More information Contents Acknowledgements . x Author Biographies . xi Preface . xxi CHAPTER 1 Studies on skeletal and dental variation: a view across two centuries . 1 Don Brothwell SECTION I Juvenile health, growth and development Introduction . 7 CHAPTER 2 Development and ageing of the juvenile skeleton . 9 Louise Scheuer and Sue Black CHAPTER 3 Growth studies of past populations: an overview and an example . 23 Louise Humphrey CHAPTER 4 Non-adult palaeopathology: current status and future potential . 39 Mary Lewis SECTION II Palaeodemography Introduction . 59 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 052169146X - Human Osteology: In Archaeology and Forensic Science Edited by Margaret Cox and Simon Mays Frontmatter More information CONTENTS CHAPTER 5 Ageing adults from the skeleton . 61 Margaret Cox CHAPTER 6 Ageing from the dentition . 83 David Whittaker CHAPTER 7 Problems and prospects in palaeodemography . 101 Andrew Chamberlain CHAPTER 8 Sex determination in skeletal remains . 117 Simon Mays and Margaret Cox CHAPTER 9 Assessment of parturition . 131 Margaret Cox SECTION III Disease in the past Introduction . 143 CHAPTER 10 Infectious disease in biocultural perspective: past, present and future work in Britain . 145 Charlotte Roberts CHAPTER 11 The palaeopathology of joint disease . 163 Juliet Rogers CHAPTER 12 The diagnosis of metabolic disease in archaeological bone . 183 Megan Brickley vi © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 052169146X - Human Osteology: In Archaeology and Forensic Science Edited by Margaret Cox and Simon Mays Frontmatter More information CONTENTS CHAPTER 13 Congenital conditions and neoplastic disease in British palaeopathology . 199 Trevor Anderson CHAPTER 14 Dental health in British antiquity . 227 Chrissie Freeth CHAPTER 15 Chemical methods in palaeopathology . 239 Angela Gernaey and David Minnikin CHAPTER 16 An introduction to palaeohistopathology . 255 Lynne Bell and Kim Piper SECTION IV Human variation Introduction . 275 CHAPTER 17 Biodistance studies using craniometric variation in British archaeological skeletal material . 277 Simon Mays CHAPTER 18 Skeletal non-metric traits and the assessment of inter- and intra-population diversity: past problems and future potential . 289 Andrew Tyrrell CHAPTER 19 Skeletal indicators of handedness . 307 James Steele CHAPTER 20 Forensic and archaeological reconstruction of the human face upon the skull . 325 Richard Neave vii © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 052169146X - Human Osteology: In Archaeology and Forensic Science Edited by Margaret Cox and Simon Mays Frontmatter More information CONTENTS SECTION V Assaults on the skeleton Introduction . 335 CHAPTER 21 Trauma in biocultural perspective: past, present and future work in Britain . 337 Charlotte Roberts CHAPTER 22 Evidence for weapon-related trauma in British archaeological samples . 357 Anthea Boylston CHAPTER 23 Bone adaptation and its relationship to physical activity in the past . 381 Christopher Knüsel CHAPTER 24 The analysis of cremated bone . 403 Jacqueline McKinley SECTION VI Microscopic, biochemical and analytical approaches Introduction . 423 CHAPTER 25 New directions in the analysis of stable isotopes in excavated bones and teeth . 425 Simon Mays CHAPTER 26 The chemical degradation of bone . 439 Christina Nielsen-Marsh, Angela Gernaey, Gordon Turner-Walker, Robert Hedges, Alistair Pike and Matthew Collins CHAPTER 27 Ancient DNA applications in human osteoarchaeology: achievements, problems and potential . 455 Keri Brown viii © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 052169146X - Human Osteology: In Archaeology and Forensic Science Edited by Margaret Cox and Simon Mays Frontmatter More information CONTENTS CHAPTER 28 Analysing human skeletal data . 475 John Robb CHAPTER 29 Forensic osteology in the United Kingdom . 491 Sue Black Index . 505 ix © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 052169146X - Human Osteology: In Archaeology and Forensic Science Edited by Margaret Cox and Simon Mays Frontmatter More information Acknowledgements The Editors thank the many individuals and organizations who have made this volume possible. Funding was provided by the School of Conservation Sciences, Bournemouth University, and English Heritage, London. Dr Ellen Hambleton acted as subeditor, and we are enormously grateful for her efforts in this regard, and for the patience and perseverance she displayed. The Editors also acknowledge the hard work and expertise of the contributing authors, and are grateful to the referees who reviewed the contributions. Thanks are due to Linda O’Connell for providing the photograph for the front cover. x © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 052169146X - Human Osteology: In Archaeology and Forensic Science Edited by Margaret Cox and Simon Mays Frontmatter More information Author Biographies Trevor Anderson Vichy House, 15 St Mary’s Street, Canterbury, Kent CT1 2QL, UK Trevor Anderson received his first degree in Ancient History and Archaeology from the University of Birmingham in 1977. After several years of working with human bones, including Norwegian material, he obtained an MA (with distinction) in Funerary Archaeology and Palaeopathology from the University of Sheffield. For the past 11 years he has been resident osteoarchaeologist with the Canterbury Archaeological Trust, where he has examined thousands of skeletons ranging in date from Neolithic to Victorian. In recent years he has also been employed as a consultant to external UK projects, and has also been involved in the examination of medieval rural populations in Southern Italy. He has published over one-hundred articles and bone reports, which have included the first evidence of cleft lip and palate; endemic syphilis; Freiberg’s infarction; Madelung defor- mity; as well as cranial meningioma and prostatic carcinoma. His main research interests are the history of congenital conditions and neoplastic disease. Lynne Bell Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK Dr Lynne Bell is a Wellcome Research Fellow in the Department of Palaeontology at The Natural History Museum, London. Her training is in archaeological science and mineral- ized tissue biology; she obtained her PhD from the Department of Anatomy, University College London, which detailed microstructural diagenetic change to the mammalian skeleton and its taphonomic significance. Current research projects include DNA preser- vation within a mineralized cell, and stable light isotopic dietary and spatial tracking. She has published extensively in archaeological, forensic and medical journals.
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