The 94 Lusitania Expedition— Seductive Or Suicidal?
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A Field Study of the Ventilatory Response to Ambient Temperature and Pressure in Sport Diving
Br. J. Sports Med., Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 185-190, 1995 nE I N E M A N N Copyright (C 1995 Elsevier Science Ltd Printed in Great Britain. All rights reserved 0306-3674/95 $10.00 + 00 Br J Sports Med: first published as 10.1136/bjsm.29.3.185 on 1 September 1995. Downloaded from A field study of the ventilatory response to ambient temperature and pressure in sport diving F L L Muller Department of Oceanography, The University, Southampton, UK This study reports on the relationship between minute The 'environmental conditions' simulated in most ventilation (VE) and environmental variables of temperature laboratory studies may be of limited relevance to sport (T) and pressure (P) during open water diving. The author on the effects of conducted a total of 38 dives involving either a light (20 diving. Experiments focusing pressure dives) or a moderate (18 dives) level of physical activity. have usually been performed within a compression Within each of these groups, P and T taken together chamber, with the subject either lying down3 or sitting accounted for about two thirds of the variance in the VE on a chair or bicycle ergometer.47 Likewise, the effects data. A very significant increase in VE was observed as T of water temperature on respiratory variables have been decreased (1 < T(0C) < 22), and the magnitude of this investigated in relatively small tanks in which the increase at a given pressure level was similar in the 'light' subject was immersed up to the shoulders."'0 Changes and the 'moderate' data sets. -
History of Scuba Diving About 500 BC: (Informa on Originally From
History of Scuba Diving nature", that would have taken advantage of this technique to sink ships and even commit murders. Some drawings, however, showed different kinds of snorkels and an air tank (to be carried on the breast) that presumably should have no external connecons. Other drawings showed a complete immersion kit, with a plunger suit which included a sort of About 500 BC: (Informaon originally from mask with a box for air. The project was so Herodotus): During a naval campaign the detailed that it included a urine collector, too. Greek Scyllis was taken aboard ship as prisoner by the Persian King Xerxes I. When Scyllis learned that Xerxes was to aack a Greek flolla, he seized a knife and jumped overboard. The Persians could not find him in the water and presumed he had drowned. Scyllis surfaced at night and made his way among all the ships in Xerxes's fleet, cung each ship loose from its moorings; he used a hollow reed as snorkel to remain unobserved. Then he swam nine miles (15 kilometers) to rejoin the Greeks off Cape Artemisium. 15th century: Leonardo da Vinci made the first known menon of air tanks in Italy: he 1772: Sieur Freminet tried to build a scuba wrote in his Atlanc Codex (Biblioteca device out of a barrel, but died from lack of Ambrosiana, Milan) that systems were used oxygen aer 20 minutes, as he merely at that me to arficially breathe under recycled the exhaled air untreated. water, but he did not explain them in detail due to what he described as "bad human 1776: David Brushnell invented the Turtle, first submarine to aack another ship. -
Bibliography of North Carolina Underwater Archaeology
i BIBLIOGRAPHY OF NORTH CAROLINA UNDERWATER ARCHAEOLOGY Compiled by Barbara Lynn Brooks, Ann M. Merriman, Madeline P. Spencer, and Mark Wilde-Ramsing Underwater Archaeology Branch North Carolina Division of Archives and History April 2009 ii FOREWARD In the forty-five years since the salvage of the Modern Greece, an event that marks the beginning of underwater archaeology in North Carolina, there has been a steady growth in efforts to document the state’s maritime history through underwater research. Nearly two dozen professionals and technicians are now employed at the North Carolina Underwater Archaeology Branch (N.C. UAB), the North Carolina Maritime Museum (NCMM), the Wilmington District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE), and East Carolina University’s (ECU) Program in Maritime Studies. Several North Carolina companies are currently involved in conducting underwater archaeological surveys, site assessments, and excavations for environmental review purposes and a number of individuals and groups are conducting ship search and recovery operations under the UAB permit system. The results of these activities can be found in the pages that follow. They contain report references for all projects involving the location and documentation of physical remains pertaining to cultural activities within North Carolina waters. Each reference is organized by the location within which the reported investigation took place. The Bibliography is divided into two geographical sections: Region and Body of Water. The Region section encompasses studies that are non-specific and cover broad areas or areas lying outside the state's three-mile limit, for example Cape Hatteras Area. The Body of Water section contains references organized by defined geographic areas. -
Inventory and Analysis of Archaeological Site Occurrence on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf
OCS Study BOEM 2012-008 Inventory and Analysis of Archaeological Site Occurrence on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Gulf of Mexico OCS Region OCS Study BOEM 2012-008 Inventory and Analysis of Archaeological Site Occurrence on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Author TRC Environmental Corporation Prepared under BOEM Contract M08PD00024 by TRC Environmental Corporation 4155 Shackleford Road Suite 225 Norcross, Georgia 30093 Published by U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management New Orleans Gulf of Mexico OCS Region May 2012 DISCLAIMER This report was prepared under contract between the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) and TRC Environmental Corporation. This report has been technically reviewed by BOEM, and it has been approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of BOEM, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endoresements or recommendation for use. It is, however, exempt from review and compliance with BOEM editorial standards. REPORT AVAILABILITY This report is available only in compact disc format from the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Gulf of Mexico OCS Region, at a charge of $15.00, by referencing OCS Study BOEM 2012-008. The report may be downloaded from the BOEM website through the Environmental Studies Program Information System (ESPIS). You will be able to obtain this report also from the National Technical Information Service in the near future. Here are the addresses. You may also inspect copies at selected Federal Depository Libraries. U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. -
Sport Diving Guide 2013
WWW.WHITESDIVING.COM WHITES SPORT diving GUIDE 2013 Tired of diving cold and weT? looking for The warmTh and comforT of your firsT drysuiT? Or are you an experienced Drysuit diver seeking the legendary flexibility and streamlining of the Whites Fusion? Either way, the Whites Fusion PLUS program is for you! At a Fusion PLUS Center you can take the Fusion Distinctive Specialty Course and learn about the unique skills required to diving the Fusion Drysuit. Plus, earn your Fusion Specialty Certification at a Fusion PLUS Center and receive $200 off the retail price of your own Fusion Drysuit package within 6 months of certification. To find a Fusion PLUS Center and save $200 on your purchase visit: http://www.whitesdiving.com/fusionplus sTay dry. sTay warm. sTay diving. $ TOWARDS THE PURCHASE 200 OF ANY DRYSUIT PACKAGE WITHIN 6 MONThs OF crediT CERTIFICATION. ON US. WWW.WHITESDIVING.COM 2 FUSION TECHNOLOGY THE 2 LAYER DRYCORE ADVANTAge No other dry suit in the world can match the mobility of the Fusion. The internal loose cut DryCORE is held in place by the independent outer stretch skin providing unrestricted movement in your arms, legs, and torso. DRYCORE Oversized inner DryCORE constructed of military grade, 210 denier bi-laminate, integrates the dry zipper and seals, fits a wide size range, and does not restrict movement. EXTERNAL SKin Durable, replaceable exterior skin protects and compresses the DryCORE but does not restrict movement. Drycore technology provides 7 uniQUE BENEFITS THAT no other dry suit CAN MATCH 1. Flexibility - OVERSIZED inner DryCORE combined with the stretchy outer skin allows unrivaled mobility. -
Water Covers 70 Percent of the Earth. Scuba Diving Allows You to See What You’Re Missing
Department ADVENTURE Water covers 70 percent of the Earth. Scuba diving allows you to see what you’re missing. by AMANDA CASTLEMAN Somersault off the boat, into the deep blue. Drift down to the wreck or the reef. Or maybe towards some rock formations, sculpted long before a cavern flooded. The slightest kick sends your shadow gliding across the bottom. A whisper of breath buoys you up, chasing a flash of color. Immersed, you hover, freed from the gravity and worries of the noisy surface. Diving is as close as most of us will ever come to a spacewalk. But passion for the underwater world traces back much further than the first moon landing. Ancient Greeks held their breath to plunge Gran Cenote, Riviera for pearls and sponges—and legend claims one Maya, Mexico. breathed through a reed while he cut the moorings of the Persian fleet. Alexander the Great also descended beneath the waves in a glass barrel at the siege of Tyre, according to Aristotle. w Stills + Motion/Christian Vizl; (facing) Getty Images/Alastair Pollock Photography. Photos: Tandem 2 Summer 2014 Summer 2014 3 The desire to explore runs deep. By the 16th Giant ray. century, diving bells pumped air to adventurers and leather suits protected them to depths of 60 feet. Three hundred years later, technology leapt forward as scientists discovered the effects of water pressure and breathing compressed air. The U.S. military pioneered scuba (Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus) in 1939, then Émile Gagnan and Jacques-Yves Cousteau took the idea mainstream with their 1943 “Aqua-Lung.” Earth’s final frontier, the mysterious wine-dark sea, was open for business. -
Elasmobranch Biodiversity, Conservation and Management Proceedings of the International Seminar and Workshop, Sabah, Malaysia, July 1997
The IUCN Species Survival Commission Elasmobranch Biodiversity, Conservation and Management Proceedings of the International Seminar and Workshop, Sabah, Malaysia, July 1997 Edited by Sarah L. Fowler, Tim M. Reed and Frances A. Dipper Occasional Paper of the IUCN Species Survival Commission No. 25 IUCN The World Conservation Union Donors to the SSC Conservation Communications Programme and Elasmobranch Biodiversity, Conservation and Management: Proceedings of the International Seminar and Workshop, Sabah, Malaysia, July 1997 The IUCN/Species Survival Commission is committed to communicate important species conservation information to natural resource managers, decision-makers and others whose actions affect the conservation of biodiversity. The SSC's Action Plans, Occasional Papers, newsletter Species and other publications are supported by a wide variety of generous donors including: The Sultanate of Oman established the Peter Scott IUCN/SSC Action Plan Fund in 1990. The Fund supports Action Plan development and implementation. To date, more than 80 grants have been made from the Fund to SSC Specialist Groups. The SSC is grateful to the Sultanate of Oman for its confidence in and support for species conservation worldwide. The Council of Agriculture (COA), Taiwan has awarded major grants to the SSC's Wildlife Trade Programme and Conservation Communications Programme. This support has enabled SSC to continue its valuable technical advisory service to the Parties to CITES as well as to the larger global conservation community. Among other responsibilities, the COA is in charge of matters concerning the designation and management of nature reserves, conservation of wildlife and their habitats, conservation of natural landscapes, coordination of law enforcement efforts as well as promotion of conservation education, research and international cooperation. -
Second Quarter 2016 • Volume 24 • Number 87
The Journal of Diving History, Volume 24, Issue 2 (Number 87), 2016 Item Type monograph Publisher Historical Diving Society U.S.A. Download date 10/10/2021 17:42:22 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/35936 Second Quarter 2016 • Volume 24 • Number 87 After Boutan, Underwater Photography in Science | U.S. Divers Prototype Helmet for SEALAB III, DSSP Vintage Australian Demand Valves | Fred Devine and the SALVAGE CHIEF | Cousteau and CONSHELF 2016 Historical Diving Society USA Raffle Get your tickets now! The predecessor of the USN Mark V Helmet #3 of 10 manufactured by DESCO to the specifications and recommendations in Chief Gunner George Stillson’s 1915 REPORT ON DEEP DIVING TESTS Tickets are $5 each or five for $20 Tickets can be ordered by contacting [email protected] or by mailing a check or money order payable to HDS USA Fund raiser, PO Box 453, Fox River Grove, IL 60021-0453. The drawing will take place at the Santa Barbara Maritime Museum, Santa Barbara, CA on August 27, 2016. Other prizes include HDS apparel, books, and DVDs. The winner need not be present to win. All proceeds benefit the Historical Diving Society USA. Prize Winners are responsible for shipping and all applicable taxes. No purchase necessary. To obtain a non-purchase ticket send a self addressed stamped envelope to the above address. Void where prohibited by law. Grand Prize is an $8,000 Value Second Quarter 2016, Volume 24, Number 87 The Journal of Diving History 1 THE JOURNAL OF DIVING HISTORY SECOND QUARTER 2016 • VOLUME 24 • NUMBER 87 ISSN 1094-4516 FEATURES Civil War Diving and Salvage Vintage Australian Demand Valves By James Vorosmarti, MD By Bob Campbell 10 Like much of American diving during the 19th century, the printed 22 As noted by historian Ivor Howitt, and here by author Bob Campbell, record of diving during the Civil War is scarce. -
Raisign the Dead: Improving the Recovery and Management of Historic Shipwrecks, 5 Ocean & Coastal L.J
Ocean and Coastal Law Journal Volume 5 | Number 2 Article 5 2000 Raisign The eD ad: Improving The Recovery And Management Of Historic Shipwrecks Jeffrey T. Scrimo University of Maine School of Law Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.mainelaw.maine.edu/oclj Recommended Citation Jeffrey T. Scrimo, Raisign The Dead: Improving The Recovery And Management Of Historic Shipwrecks, 5 Ocean & Coastal L.J. (2000). Available at: http://digitalcommons.mainelaw.maine.edu/oclj/vol5/iss2/5 This Comment is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at University of Maine School of Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ocean and Coastal Law Journal by an authorized administrator of University of Maine School of Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RAISING THE DEAD: IMPROVING THE RECOVERY AND MANAGEMENT OF HISTORIC SHIPWRECKS Jeffrey T Scrimo* I. INTRODUCTION Dead men tell no tales at the bottom of the sea. For thousands of years, this truth remained unalterable; but now, the rapid development of underwater technology is prying open the once impenetrable realm of Davy Jones's locker. This technology gives us access to the seas darkest secrets, and opens new windows to our past. Indeed, what once only lingered at the edge of dreams is now a reality. The sea has stubbornly begun to yield its treasures to those brave enough to search. In recent years, enterprising adventurers have reclaimed pirates' gold,' discovered the riches of past empires,' and peered23 into the ironic serenity of disaster.3 Bringing these * University of Maine School of Law, Class of 2000. -
ST1.1 08/02 Sport Diving Why Become a Sports Diver?
BSAC Sports Diver Training Sport Diving ST1.1 08/02 Sport Diving Why become a Sports Diver? Aim of the Course Extend Experience and Skills ! Diving a variety of sites in varying conditions ! Considering additional equipment & gas mixes ! Extending rescue skills Self Risk Assessment ! Knowing personal limits ST1.2 08/02 Sport Diving Sports Diver Course Course Content ! 6 theory lessons ! 1 sheltered water lesson ! 5 open water lessons ! 1 dry practical lesson ! Experience 5 different diving conditions Commitment Self study ! Student Notes ! Diving Manual ST1.3 08/02 Sport Diving Sports Divers ! Can dive with an Ocean diver # In conditions already encountered by the Ocean Diver during their training, and under supervision of Dive Manager ! Can dive with another Sports Diver # In conditions already encountered during their training or previous experience ! Can dive with a Dive Leader or above # To expand experience beyond that previously encountered, under supervision of Nationally Qualified Instructor (NQI) ! Can dive to: # Depth initially limited to 20m but can be progressively extended under supervision of NQI ! Plan and conduct dives requiring mandatory decompression stops ST1.4 08/02 Sport Diving Variety in Diving Dive sites ! Reefs and walls ! Gentle drift diving ! Wrecks Underwater conditions ! Depth ! Currents ! Restricted visibility ! Temperature Surface conditions ! Entry and exit ST1.5 ! Surface cover/support 08/02 Sport Diving Underwater Conditions The same site - conditions vary Anticipation as part of planning ST1.6 08/02 Sport Diving Depth - Tides & the Moon ! Moon’s gravity pulls ocean towards it # Bulge of high water # Bulge on opposite side of Earth ! Sun’s gravity also has an effect ! ‘Neap’ (small) tides ! ‘Spring’ (large) tides ! Tide cycle approx. -
Physiological Response of Female Sport Divers to Exercise During Treadmill and Underwater Workbouts
INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. For blurred pages, a good image of the page can be found in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted, a target note will appear listing the pages in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photographed, a definite method of "sectioning" the material has been followed. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessaiy, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. -
MEDICAL STATEMENT Participant Record (Confidential Information) Please Read Carefully Before Signing
MEDICAL STATEMENT Participant Record (Confidential Information) Please read carefully before signing. This is a statement in which you are informed of some potential risks established safety procedures are not followed, however, there are involved in scuba diving and of the conduct required of you during the increased risks. scuba training program. Your signature on this statement is required for To scuba dive safely, you should not be extremely overweight or you to participate in the scuba training program offered out of condition. Diving can be strenuous under certain conditions. Your respiratory and circulatory systems must be in good health. All body air by_____________________________________________________and spaces must be normal and healthy. A person with coronary disease, a Instructor current cold or congestion, epilepsy, a severe medical problem or who is under the influence of alcohol or drugs should not dive. If you have _______________________________________________located in the asthma, heart disease, other chronic medical conditions or you are tak- Facility ing medications on a regular basis, you should consult your doctor and the instructor before participating in this program, and on a regular basis city of_______________________, state/province of _______________. thereafter upon completion. You will also learn from the instructor the important safety rules regarding breathing and equalization while scuba Read this statement prior to signing it. You must complete this diving. Improper use of scuba equipment can result in serious injury. You Medical Statement, which includes the medical questionnaire section, to must be thoroughly instructed in its use under direct supervision of a enroll in the scuba training program. If you are a minor, you must have qualified instructor to use it safely.