DOCSLIB.ORG

Decompression Illness in Cave Divers

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Decompression Illness in Cave Divers The Journal of the South Pacifi c Underwater Medicine Society and the European Underwater and Baromedical Society Volume 45 No. 3 September 2015 Decompression illness in cave divers Middle ear barotrauma and language of instruction Australian diving-related fatalities 2010 Cardiac disease in UK divers Cone shell envenomation Underwater blast injury Oro-facial barotrauma Print Post Approved PP 100007612 ISSN 1833-3516, ABN 29 299 823 713 Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Volume 45 No. 3 September 2015 PURPOSES OF THE SOCIETIES To promote and facilitate the study of all aspects of underwater and hyperbaric medicine To provide information on underwater and hyperbaric medicine To publish a journal and to convene members of each Society annually at a scientifi c conference SOUTH PACIFIC UNDERWATER EUROPEAN UNDERWATER AND MEDICINE SOCIETY BAROMEDICAL SOCIETY OFFICE HOLDERS OFFICE HOLDERS President President David Smart <[email protected]> Costantino Balestra <[email protected]> Past President Vice President Michael Bennett <[email protected]> Jacek Kot <[email protected]> Secretary Immediate Past President Douglas Falconer <[email protected]> Peter Germonpré <[email protected]> Treasurer Past President Peter Smith <[email protected]> Alf Brubakk <[email protected]> Education Offi cer Honorary Secretary David Wilkinson <[email protected]> Peter Germonpré <[email protected]> Chairman ANZHMG Member-at-Large 2014 John Orton <[email protected]> Robert van Hulst <[email protected]> Committee Members Member-at-Large 2013 Denise Blake <[email protected]> Pierre Lafère <[email protected]> Simon Mitchell <[email protected]> Member-at-Large 2012 Janine Gregson <[email protected]> Lesley Blogg <[email protected]> Webmaster Liaison Offi cer Joel Hissink <[email protected]> Phil Bryson <[email protected]> ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Membership Honorary Treasurer and Membership Secretary Steve Goble <[email protected]> Patricia Wooding <[email protected]> 16 Burselm Avenue, Hainault, Ilford MEMBERSHIP Essex, IG6 3EH, United Kingdom For further information on SPUMS and to complete a membership Phone & Fax: +44-(0)20-85001778 application, go to the Society’s website: <www.spums.org.au> The offi cial address for SPUMS is: MEMBERSHIP c/o Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists, For further information on EUBS and to complete a membership 630 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia application, go to the Society’s website: <www.eubs.org> SPUMS is incoprorated in Victoria A0020660B DIVING AND HYPERBARIC MEDICINE <www.dhmjournal.com> Editor: Editorial Board: Michael Davis <[email protected]> Michael Bennett, Australia P O Box 35 Alf Brubakk, Norway Tai Tapu 7645 David Doolette, USA New Zealand Peter Germonpré, Belgium Phone: +64-(0)3-329-6857 Jane Heyworth, Australia Jacek Kot, Poland European (Deputy) Editor: Simon Mitchell, New Zealand Lesley Blogg <[email protected]> Claus-Martin Muth, Germany Editorial Assistant: Neal Pollock, USA Nicky McNeish <[email protected]> Monica Rocco, Italy Journal distribution: Martin Sayer, United Kingdom Steve Goble <[email protected]> Erika Schagatay, Sweden David Smart, Australia Journal submissions: Robert van Hulst, The Netherlands Submissions should be made at http://www.manuscriptmanager.com/dhm Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine is published jointly by the South Pacifi c Underwater Medicine Society and the European Underwater and Baromedical Society (ISSN 1833-3516, ABN 29 299 823 713) Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Volume 45 No.3 September 2015 145 The Editor’s offering Barotrauma from pressure changes, decompression sickness and its management.3 From a clinical standpoint, the take- related to inert gas kinetics, toxic marine organisms, overhead home message is that the neurotoxins released are paralytic environments, cardiovascular disease, stupid decision- and that victims die of asphyxia from acute respiratory making – these are just some of the familiar challenges, failure unless respiratory support is provided promptly and natural and man-made, of entering the underwater world. effi ciently. Medical support providers also need to remember Underwater blast injury, however, is a topic that has not been that victims may be paralysed but conscious – a terrifying previously addressed in this journal and will be unfamiliar experience for them. to all but those with military training. Anyone diving a tropical island and having experienced dynamite fi shing Of particular value in the Blake et al. paper4 on the impact nearby knows how unpleasant is the sensation of the shock of language of instruction on the incidence of middle ear wave even from a relatively distant, small explosion. The barotrauma (MEBt) are a new set of photographs to illustrate review by Lance and Bass1 highlights the surprising lack of the Edmonds classifi cation of MEBt.5 These are of superior consistency in the data and the understanding of the effects quality to the original set of otoscopic photos, two of which of underwater blast. Peer review of this paper generated (grades 1 and 2) on close examination appeared to be controversy amongst ‘experts’ in this fi eld. It appears that the same image, presented with different orientation and such a review has been long overdue and has highlighted colouration but depicting the same tympanic membrane. the need for better research data. References In a large cave diving database, Harris et al. have made considerable efforts to establish a reliable denominator for 1 Lance RM, Bass CR. Underwater blast injury: a review of determining the incidence of decompression illness (DCI).2 standards. Diving Hyperb Med. 2015;45:190-9. The detailed description of their methodologies highlights 2 Harris RJD, Frawley G, Devaney BC, Fock A, Jones AB. A 10-year estimate of the incidence of decompression illness how diffi cult this is to achieve. Nevertheless, they have in a discrete group of recreational cave divers in Australia. demonstrated that well-controlled recreational diving in an Diving Hyperb Med. 2015;45:147-53. overhead environment does not appear to carry any greater 3 Halford ZA, Yu PYC, Likeman RK, Hawley-Molloy risk for DCI than reported in open-water studies. However, JS, Thomas C, Bingham JP. Cone shell envenomation: a small subset of deep, technical dives again highlights the epidemiology, pharmacology and fi rst aid medical care. Diving increased risk of injury from this type of diving, and suggests Hyperb Med. 2015;45:200-7. that more forethought is needed amongst divers involved in 4 Blake DF, Gibbs CR, Commons KH, Brown LH. Middle ear ‘pushing the limits’. This is not to say that we should not barotrauma in a tourist-oriented, condensed open water diver condone such pursuits, any more than other adventure sports. certifi cation course: incidence and effect of language of instruction. Diving Hyperb Med. 2015;45:176-80. 5 Edmonds C, Freeman P, Thomas R,Tonkin J, Blackwood F. Past papers in DHM have reviewed the toxicology of Otological aspects of diving. Sydney: Australian Medical jellyfi sh, especially the box jellyfi sh, Chironex fl exeri, and Publishing Co; 1974. the clinical management of envenomed victims. Halford et al. now provide a useful review of cone shell envenomation Michael Davis Editor-in-Chief, Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal Call for expressions of interest – closing date: 31 October 2015 Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine is published jointly by The Editor of the Journal is a prominent position for both the South Pacifi c Underwater Medicine Society (SPUMS) Societies, and the successful applicant is expected to be open and the European Underwater and Baromedical Society minded and adaptable, given the multicultural, multilingual (EUBS). The journal is indexed on Medline, SciSearch® and intercontinental origins of the Societies. and Embase/Scopus. Please forward all enquiries with a curriculum vitae to Expressions of interest are called for the position of Editor- both the SPUMS President, Assoc. Prof. David Smart, in-Chief from 01 January 2016. This is a contracted position <[email protected]> and EUBS President, Asst. Prof. for fi ve (5) years and attracts a modest honorarium. Jacek Kot, <[email protected]> Applicants must have an established academic track record in medicine and experience in editing and publishing peer Front-page photo taken by Richard ‘Harry’ Harris in reviewed journals. Preference will be given to medically Kilsbys Sinkhole, Mount Gambier region. The CCR qualifi ed applicants, given the journal’s track record as a diver is at about 45 m depth, with light from the entrance leading publication in diving medicine. silhouetting him and another diver’s light in the distance. 146 Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Volume 45 No. 3 September 2015 The President’s page David Smart, President SPUMS A joint journal Governance Group has been established with EUBS (two members from each Society) in the last 12 It is hard to believe a year has passed since my election months. Although established, it has not yet become fully as President. During the past year we have achieved some operational. This operational capability is required urgently milestones, and have multiple projects underway. I am to guide the governance of the Journal. It will be a focus of pleased to report that SPUMS has continued to grow as coming months for it to get into its stride. an organisation, in size and infl uence, and with
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Field Study of the Ventilatory Response to Ambient Temperature and Pressure in Sport Diving
    Br. J. Sports Med., Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 185-190, 1995 nE I N E M A N N Copyright (C 1995 Elsevier Science Ltd Printed in Great Britain. All rights reserved 0306-3674/95 $10.00 + 00 Br J Sports Med: first published as 10.1136/bjsm.29.3.185 on 1 September 1995. Downloaded from A field study of the ventilatory response to ambient temperature and pressure in sport diving F L L Muller Department of Oceanography, The University, Southampton, UK This study reports on the relationship between minute The 'environmental conditions' simulated in most ventilation (VE) and environmental variables of temperature laboratory studies may be of limited relevance to sport (T) and pressure (P) during open water diving. The author on the effects of conducted a total of 38 dives involving either a light (20 diving. Experiments focusing pressure dives) or a moderate (18 dives) level of physical activity. have usually been performed within a compression Within each of these groups, P and T taken together chamber, with the subject either lying down3 or sitting accounted for about two thirds of the variance in the VE on a chair or bicycle ergometer.47 Likewise, the effects data. A very significant increase in VE was observed as T of water temperature on respiratory variables have been decreased (1 < T(0C) < 22), and the magnitude of this investigated in relatively small tanks in which the increase at a given pressure level was similar in the 'light' subject was immersed up to the shoulders."'0 Changes and the 'moderate' data sets.
    [Show full text]
  • 2008 June;38(2)
    9^k^c\VcY=neZgWVg^XBZY^X^cZKdajbZ(-Cd#'?jcZ'%%- EJGEDH:HD;I=:HD8>:I>:H IdegdbdiZVcY[VX^a^iViZi]ZhijYnd[VaaVheZXihd[jcYZglViZgVcY]neZgWVg^XbZY^X^cZ Idegdk^YZ^c[dgbVi^dcdcjcYZglViZgVcY]neZgWVg^XbZY^X^cZ IdejWa^h]V_djgcVaVcYidXdckZcZbZbWZghd[ZVX]HdX^ZinVccjVaanViVhX^Zci^ÄXXdc[ZgZcXZ HDJI=E68>;>8JC9:GL6I:G :JGDE:6CJC9:GL6I:G6C9 B:9>8>C:HD8>:IN 76GDB:9>86AHD8>:IN D;;>8:=DA9:GH D;;>8:=DA9:GH EgZh^YZci EgZh^YZci 9gB^`Z7ZccZii 1B#7ZccZii5jchl#ZYj#Vj3 Egd[#6a[7gjWV`` 1Va[#d#WgjWV``5cicj#cd3 EVhiçEgZh^YZci K^XZEgZh^YZci 9g8]g^h6Xdii 1XVXdii5deijhcZi#Xdb#Vj3 9gEZiZg<Zgbdceg 1eZiZg#\ZgbdcegZ5b^a#WZ3 HZXgZiVgn >bbZY^ViZEVhiEgZh^YZci 9gHVgV]AdX`aZn 1hejbhhZXgZiVgn5\bV^a#Xdb3 9gCdZb^7^iiZgbVc 1cdZb^W5im#iZX]c^dc#VX#^a3 IgZVhjgZg EVhiEgZh^YZci 9g<jnL^aa^Vbh 1hejbh5[VhibV^a#cZi3 9gGVb^gd8Va^"8dgaZd 1^gdXVa^5YVcZjgdeZ#dg\3 :YjXVi^dcD[ÄXZg =dcdgVgnHZXgZiVgn 9g9Vk^YHbVgi 1YVk^Y#hbVgi5Y]]h#iVh#\dk#Vj3 9g?dZg\HX]bjio 1_dZg\#hX]bjio5]^c#X]3 EjWa^XD[ÄXZg BZbWZgViAVg\Z'%%, 9gKVcZhhV=VaaZg 1kVcZhhV#]VaaZg5XYbX#Xdb#Vj3 9gE]^a7gnhdc 1e]^a#Wgnhdc5YYgX#dg\3 8]V^gbVc6CO=B< BZbWZgViAVg\Z'%%+ 9g9Vk^YHbVgi 1YVk^Y#hbVgi5Y]]h#iVh#\dk#Vj3 Egd[#BV^YZ8^bh^i 1bX^bh^i5^hiVcWja#ZYj#ig3 8dbb^iiZZBZbWZgh BZbWZgViAVg\Z'%%* 9g<aZc=Vl`^ch 1]Vl`ZnZ5hl^[iYha#Xdb#Vj3 9g6gb^c@ZbbZg 1Vgb^c5`ZbbZgh#YZ3 9gHVgV]H]Vg`Zn 1hVgV]#h]Vg`Zn5YZ[ZcXZ#\dk#Vj3 9gHXdiiHfj^gZh 1hXdii#hfj^gZh5YZ[ZcXZ#\dk#Vj3 69B>C>HIG6I>DC 69B>C>HIG6I>DC BZbWZgh]^e =dcdgVgnIgZVhjgZgBZbWZgh]^eHZXgZiVgn HiZkZ<dWaZ 1hejbhVYb5W^\edcY#cZi#Vj3 EVig^X^VLddY^c\ &+7jghZab6kZcjZ!=V^cVjai!>a[dgY B:B7:GH=>E :hhZm!><+(:=!Jc^iZY@^c\Ydb
    [Show full text]
  • The Coral Reef Another, Budding New Members As They Go, Near St
    Closeup on a Caribbean Reef view of St. Croix and the reef areas, take the Construction of a typical aquatic housing Surpassing even the familiar beauty of the Virgi trail to the top of Buck Island. The National project begins when the free-swimming coral Islands is the world of the tropical reef. At its Park Service provides picnic tables, charcoal larva attaches itself to some firm surface, be­ best, this world is incredibly colorful and variec grilles, a small house for changing clothes, a comes a full-fledged polyp, and begins secreting Intensely alive, the reef is nothing less than a sheltered pavilion, and restrooms. its own limy exterior skeleton. This single polyp joy to the senses. Swimming and snorkeling in and all its many descendants, building on one the crystal-clear lagoon just off Buck Island The Coral Reef another, budding new members as they go, near St. Croix is an ideal way to see one of the Of all the reef residents, the corals have the erect their communal skeleton outward and up­ best Caribbean reefs firsthand. Well suited to most extraordinary habits; these are the archi­ ward toward the all-important rays of the sun. beginner and expert alike, Buck Island Reef tects, the builders, and the landlords of the reef. Colony after colony in hundreds of shapes and offers shallow water snorkeling above the inner Ranging in size from a pinhead to a raindrop, sizes ultimately create the reefs that decorate reef and deep water exploring along the outer billions of tiny master builders, called polyps, the ocean floor—spires, trees, shrubs, stone- barrier.
    [Show full text]
  • History of Scuba Diving About 500 BC: (Informa on Originally From
    History of Scuba Diving nature", that would have taken advantage of this technique to sink ships and even commit murders. Some drawings, however, showed different kinds of snorkels and an air tank (to be carried on the breast) that presumably should have no external connecons. Other drawings showed a complete immersion kit, with a plunger suit which included a sort of About 500 BC: (Informaon originally from mask with a box for air. The project was so Herodotus): During a naval campaign the detailed that it included a urine collector, too. Greek Scyllis was taken aboard ship as prisoner by the Persian King Xerxes I. When Scyllis learned that Xerxes was to aack a Greek flolla, he seized a knife and jumped overboard. The Persians could not find him in the water and presumed he had drowned. Scyllis surfaced at night and made his way among all the ships in Xerxes's fleet, cung each ship loose from its moorings; he used a hollow reed as snorkel to remain unobserved. Then he swam nine miles (15 kilometers) to rejoin the Greeks off Cape Artemisium. 15th century: Leonardo da Vinci made the first known menon of air tanks in Italy: he 1772: Sieur Freminet tried to build a scuba wrote in his Atlanc Codex (Biblioteca device out of a barrel, but died from lack of Ambrosiana, Milan) that systems were used oxygen aer 20 minutes, as he merely at that me to arficially breathe under recycled the exhaled air untreated. water, but he did not explain them in detail due to what he described as "bad human 1776: David Brushnell invented the Turtle, first submarine to aack another ship.
    [Show full text]
  • No Limits Freediving
    1 No Limits Freediving "The challenges to the respiratory function of the breath-hold diver' are formidable. One has to marvel at the ability of the human body to cope with stresses that far exceed what normal terrestrial life requires." Claes Lundgren, Director, Center for Research and Education in Special Environments A woman in a deeply relaxed state floats in the water next to a diving buoy. She is clad in a figure-hugging wetsuit, a dive computer strapped to her right wrist, and another to her calf. She wears strange form-hugging silicone goggles that distort her eyes, giving her a strange bug-eyed appearance. A couple of meters away, five support divers tread water near a diving platform, watching her perform an elaborate breathing ritual while she hangs onto a metal tube fitted with two crossbars. A few meters below the buoy, we see that the metal tube is in fact a weighted sled attached to a cable descending into the dark-blue water. Her eyes are still closed as she begins performing a series of final inhalations, breathing faster and faster. Photographers on the media boats snap pictures as she performs her final few deep and long hyperventilations, eliminating carbon dioxide from her body. Then, a thumbs-up to her surface crew, a pinch of the nose clip, one final lungful of air, and the woman closes her eyes, wraps her knees around the bottom bar of the sled, releases a brake device, and disappears gracefully beneath the waves. The harsh sounds of the wind and waves suddenly cease and are replaced by the effervescent bubbling of air being released from the regulators of scuba-divers.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Virginia's Karst
    Introduction to Virginia’s Karst A presentation of The Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation’s Karst Program & Project Underground Karst - A landscape developed in limestone, dolomite, marble, or other soluble rocks and characterized by subsurface drainage systems, sinking or losing streams, sinkholes, springs, and caves. Cross-section diagram by David Culver, American University. Karst topography covers much of the Valley and Ridge Province in the western third of the state. Aerial photo of karst landscape in Russell County. Smaller karst areas also occur in the Cumberland Plateau, Piedmont, and Coastal Plain provinces. At least 29 counties support karst terrane in western Virginia. In western Virginia, karst occurs along slopes and in valleys between mountain ridges. There are few surface streams in these limestone valleys as runoff from mountain slopes disappears into the subsurface upon contact with the karst bedrock. Water flows underground, emerging at springs on the valley floor. Thin soils over fractured, cavernous limestone allow precipitation to enter the subsurface directly and rapidly, with a minimal amount of natural filtration. The purer the limestone, the less soil develops on the bedrock, leaving bare pinnacles exposed at the ground surface. Rock pinnacles may also occur where land use practices result in massive soil loss. Precipitation mixing with carbon dioxide becomes acidic as it passes through soil. Through geologic time slightly acidic water dissolves and enlarges the bedrock fractures, forming caves and other voids in the bedrock. Water follows the path of least resistance, so it moves through voids in rock layers, fractures, and boundaries between soluble and insoluble bedrock.
    [Show full text]
  • 18. Fluctuations in Productivity and Upwelling Intensity at Site 1083
    Wefer, G., Berger, W.H., and Richter, C. (Eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Volume 175 18. FLUCTUATIONS IN PRODUCTIVITY AND UPWELLING INTENSITY AT SITE 1083 DURING THE INTENSIFICATION OF THE 1Ettwein, V.J., Stickley, C.E., Maslin, M.A., Laurie, E.R., Rosell-Melé, A., NORTHERN HEMISPHERE GLACIATION Vidal, L., and Brownless, M., 2001. Fluctuations in productivity and (2.40–2.65 MA)1 upwelling intensity at Site 1083 during the intensification of the Northern Hemisphere glaciation V.J. Ettwein,2,3 C.E. Stickley,2 M.A. Maslin,2 E.R. Laurie,2,3 (2.40–2.65 Ma). In Wefer, G., Berger, A. Rosell-Melé,4 L. Vidal,5 and M. Brownless6 W.H., and Richter, C. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results,175, 1–25 [Online]. Available from World Wide Web: <http://www-odp.tamu.edu/ publications/175_SR/VOLUME/ CHAPTERS/SR175_18.PDF>. [Cited YYYY-MM-DD] 2Environmental Change Research Centre, Department of Geography, University College London, 26 Bedford Way, London WC1H 0AP, United Kingdom. Correspondence ABSTRACT author: [email protected] 3Centre for Quaternary Research, Coastal upwelling regions play an important role in regulating the Department of Geography, Royal Holloway, University of London, partial pressure of CO2, because they are zones of intense productivity and therefore contribute considerably to the drawdown mechanism. Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom. One of the major aims of Leg 175 was to develop an understanding of 4Quaternary Environmental Change the relationship between wind-driven upwelling intensity and surface Research Group, Department of water productivity. In this paper, such a relationship during the late Geography, University of Durham, Pliocene intensification of the Northern Hemisphere glaciation (INHG) Science Site, South Road, Durham ~2.54 Ma is examined.
    [Show full text]
  • The 94 Lusitania Expedition— Seductive Or Suicidal?
    The 1994 Lusitania Expedition led by British Did you speak with Polly as well? FORUM: wrecker Polly Tapson (aquaCORPS Journal H: Later on. I decided then and there that this N9) was the source of considerable contro­ expedition needed to be really seen for what it was. That if it was left as the “leading example of techni­ versy at the 95 tek.CONFERENCE, following an cal diving,” there would be all hell to pay in the form evening show presentation by author and of future fatalities and injuries. I decided to seek out expedition member Gary Gentile. Though the The 94 Polly and other involved expedition divers. The dive team, consisting of eight Brits and four more I dug, the more clear it became to me that this Lusitania Americans, conducted 120 dives on the wreck expedition should never have taken place and, fur­ over a ten day period without incident, sever­ ther, should never have been publicized by Expedition— al tek participants, including Cai-Dive and aquaCORPS or given a platform at tek.95. The Oceaneering founder, Lad Handelman, publi­ whole thing made me kind of sick. Seductive or cally challenged the operation as being unsafe. Gentile: I think in one regard, Lad is seriously This Forum presents some of the discussion concerned, but the reason for his concern is his that has ensued. The participants— lack of understanding. He just doesn’t know that Suicidal? Handelman, Gentile, and Tapson—were inter­ this is the way things are done [in the technical div­ viewed separately by phone and the results ing field].
    [Show full text]
  • Out Where the Big Wheat Grows
    l &- ...... BREEZE]•....--- VOLUME 64 JUNE 26, 1926 NUMBER 26 / Out Where " the Big Wheat Grows \ l HE hum of the combines and the chug of tractors make a duet of up real joy and prosperity these days in Southwestern Kansas. This' is in the land of the big where wheat, good farming and a reasonable measure of luck with the weather have placed that section on the highest level of prosperity since wartimes. This huge crop goes well over the borders of the state, into Oklahoma and Colorado-the folks who are working on the extension of the Manter branch of the Santa Fe to Joycoy, Colo., are seeing some real grain these days. A great development has taken place in this part of Kansas in the last -10 or 12 years=-slnce the Elkhart branch of the Santa Fe was built. There has been a change-from the big cattle ranches to the fields of open wheat, raised by the use of big and a machinery, system of wholesale production which has been mighty from the helpful standpoint of profits. But even more credit is due to the faith and pep of the people there, who believe in Southwestern and in ' Kansas, its ultimate destiny as a dominant unit in agricultural Kansas. In this section one can see "big farming" at its best-and a maximum use of In power. many communities 75 per cent of the wheat will be cut this year with combines, pulled by tractors, and the wheat will be hauled to the elevators in trucks, over roads which are smooth, and quite generally free from the hills and ravines so common farther east.
    [Show full text]
  • Les Cahiers D'outre-Mer
    Les Cahiers d’Outre-Mer Revue de géographie de Bordeaux 223 | Juillet-Septembre 2003 Pression anthropique et environnement en amérique latine Cenotes et trous bleus, sites remarquables menacés par l’écotourisme Jean-Noël Salomon Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/com/815 DOI : 10.4000/com.815 ISSN : 1961-8603 Éditeur Presses universitaires de Bordeaux Édition imprimée Date de publication : 1 juillet 2003 Pagination : 327-352 ISSN : 0373-5834 Référence électronique Jean-Noël Salomon, « Cenotes et trous bleus, sites remarquables menacés par l’écotourisme », Les Cahiers d’Outre-Mer [En ligne], 223 | Juillet-Septembre 2003, mis en ligne le 13 février 2008, consulté le 01 mai 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/com/815 ; DOI : 10.4000/com.815 Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 1 mai 2019. © Tous droits réservés Cenotes et trous bleus, sites remarquables menacés par l’écotourisme 1 Cenotes et trous bleus, sites remarquables menacés par l’écotourisme Jean-Noël Salomon 1 Le terme de cenote vient de l'ancien maya tz'onot (= cavité avec de l'eau). Par définition un cenote contient de l'eau car il donne regard sur la nappe aquifère régionale. À la différence des gouffres et autres dolines d'effondrement, les cenotes ne donnent pas passage à des conduits vadoses. Cependant il peut arriver qu'en fonction des fluctuations du toit de la nappe, ils soient momentanément asséchés. 2 Ce terme est plus précis que le vague "sinkhole" de la littérature anglo-saxonne, aussi a-t-il été utilisé relativement tôt dans la littérature et dans toutes les parties du monde : Floride (Thornbury, 1954 ; Stringfield et Le Grand, 1966) ; Bohême (Pohl, 1955) ; Nouveau Mexique (Sweeting, 1972 ) ; Canada (Brook et Ford, 1974) ; Sud-Ouest africain, Rhodésie, Transvaal (Marker, 1976) ; Madagascar (Battistini, 1964 ; Salomon, 1986), Nouvelle-Calédonie (Thomas, 1987) ; Australie (Sexton, 1965 ; Fairbridge, 1968) ; les îles Trobriand, de Nouvelle-Guinée (Ollier, 1975), etc.
    [Show full text]
  • 13Th Edition (November 2009)
    WavesWaves ‘n’‘n’ CavesCaves WetnotesWetnotes #13 SPRING 2009 The Waves N Caves Newsletter It’s been a while since our last newsletter. Sorry for the delay, but everyone’s just been too busy of late with all the travelling and div- ing and sinking of ships. Yes—the HMAS Canberra is finally sitting in it’s resting place. Travelling, both interstate and internationally has been rather popu- lar too, including black water rafting in New Zealand, visiting the In this edition: Nullabor caves and diving the Coolidge in Vanuatu. - Past & Upcomming Events The weather is warming up, but unfortunately this has also as- - Ewens Ponds—Updated Info sisted in a significant outbreak of blue green algae at Little Blue— closing the site due to the dangers involved. Even so, caves, cav- - Back to the Coolidge - erns and sinkholes still remain popular. What’s changed. - Update on the HMAS This newsletter includes information on some dives that have taken Canberra part recently, updated information on the future of Ewens, more information on the HMAS Canberra and other things to keep an - Doing it tough on the Nullabor eye out for. - Little blue closed. And, you may have noticed—we’ve decided to give our writeup it’s own name. Yes—you’re reading more than a newsletter now— Above: Small wreck at Vanuatu. you’re reading the first edition of Waves n Caves’ “Wetnotes”. Below: Clown fish at Alan Powers ‘decompression stop’’, and Sue from So once again, grab a cuppa, sit back, relax and enjoy this edition Crest Diving relaxes during a surface of Waves ‘n’ caves ‘Wetnotes’.
    [Show full text]
  • California Halibut Scaled Management Webinar #1 Group
    Exploring Scaled Management for the California Halibut Fishery Webinar #1: A Focused Discussion for the Recreational Sector Thursday, August 12, 2021 | 4:00 PM - 6:00 PM PDT Small Group Discussion Notes Room 1: Commercial Passenger Fishing Vessel (CPFV) Owners and Operators Participants: - Tim Klassen, Eureka, CPFV owner (six pack), fish Humbolt Bay area mostly, vessel is “Reel Steel” - Sean Anderson, professor, study fishing behavior and what types of seafood are available in coastal ports in CA, likes to spear fish - Eddie Tavasieff, commercial H&L fishermen, San francisco area - Surprised that not many CPFV here, want to be fly on the wall and listen and prepare for the commercial discussion - Santos, CDFW LED, Monterey Bay area - Kristine Lesyna, CDFW - Chuck Valle, CDFW - Sara Shen, Strategic Earth How does California halibut contribute to your personal livelihood? - Tim: Halibut fishing inside Humboldt Bay offers fishing opportunity when there’s rough weather on the ocean - Rough ocean conditions in Humboldt, only able to fish 9 days in the ocean this May bc of weather - Can fish inside calmer Humboldt bay when can’t fish on ocean for other sps like salmon or rockfish - Not many fishery options other than CA halibut inside humboldt bay; we have leopard sharks and bat rays but not another fishery that folks fish on a regular basis so if rough weather then really can’t fish anything - Humboldt bay does not have a consistent CA halibut fishery; halibut would be even more important to personal livelihood if it was consistent - get one large age class, come into bay in May/June and they leave in Nov - May get almost all shorts for a year and then the next year get a mix of shorts/legal and then next year mostly legals but starting to be heavily impacted by fishing pressure, another year or two diminished and not a reliable fishery - Another year class comes and cycle begins again, not sure why this happens? - In last 30 years, seen 3 cycles of good fishing for a few years and then it’s over.
    [Show full text]