Underwater Speleology
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DCS Treatment Updates
Treatment of Decompression Sickness Operational Update – May 2001 Aspirin is NO LONGER USED in the treatment of DCS. Reasons: ASA administration has never been shown to help prevent or treat bubbles DCS may induce microhemorrhages in tissues. ASA slows clotting. Hard to determine if symptom decrease is due to HBO treatment table or ASA This may be a critical treatment decision factor if using TT-5 Hyperbaric Oxygen is the only necessary and sufficient drug for DCS Employment of 100% O2 by tight fitting aviators mask during transportation to HBO chamber For mild to moderate symptoms with no CNS or spinal neurological involvement: Use cycles of 50 min of 100% O2, followed by a 10 min air break, instead of continuous O2 Reasons: Air breaks minimize likelihood of pulmonary and CNS O2 toxicity Rehydrate & feed patient orally during air break May obviate need for IV rehydration Bathroom privileges during air breaks You ever wear a tight fitting oxygen mask for 3 hours straight? Patient can call spouse – “I’ll be home late tonight.” Air breaks are NOT used during SLO2 (Surface Oxygen) treatment protocols For severe symptoms, chokes, shock, CNS, spinal, or worsening Sx despite O2 therapy: Use continuous O2 therapy with IV rehydration (0.9% Saline or Ringers Lactate, NOT D5W) In general, do not pass up an otherwise acceptable monoplace facility (with BIBS) in favor of a multiplace facility for treatment of severe DCS or AGE if the additional travel time to the multiplace exceeds 30 minutes. Less than 30 minutes difference, or mild to moderate symptoms, requires the sending physician to consider risks and benefits of treatment delay versus multiplace advantages. -
Kings Bay/Crystal River Springs Restoration Plan
Kings Bay/Crystal River Springs Restoration Plan Kings Bay/Crystal River Springs Restoration Plan Kings Bay/Crystal River Springs Restoration Plan Table of Contents Executive Summary .................................................................................. 1 Section 1.0 Regional Perspective ............................................................ 1 1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Why Springs are Important ...................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Springs Coast Springs Focus Area ........................................................................................... 2 1.4 Description of the Springs Coast Area .................................................................................... 3 1.5 Climate ......................................................................................................................................... 3 1.6 Physiographic Regions .............................................................................................................. 5 1.7 Karst ............................................................................................................................................. 5 1.8 Hydrogeologic Framework ...................................................................................................... 7 1.9 Descriptions of Selected Spring Groups ................................................................................ -
8. Decompression Procedures Diver
TDI Standards and Procedures Part 2: TDI Diver Standards 8. Decompression Procedures Diver 8.1 Introduction This course examines the theory, methods and procedures of planned stage decompression diving. This program is designed as a stand-alone course or it may be taught in conjunction with TDI Advanced Nitrox, Advanced Wreck, or Full Cave Course. The objective of this course is to train divers how to plan and conduct a standard staged decompression dive not exceeding a maximum depth of 45 metres / 150 feet. The most common equipment requirements, equipment set-up and decompression techniques are presented. Students are permitted to utilize enriched air nitrox (EAN) mixes or oxygen for decompression provided the gas mix is within their current certification level. 8.2 Qualifications of Graduates Upon successful completion of this course, graduates may engage in decompression diving activities without direct supervision provided: 1. The diving activities approximate those of training 2. The areas of activities approximate those of training 3. Environmental conditions approximate those of training Upon successful completion of this course, graduates are qualified to enroll in: 1. TDI Advanced Nitrox Course 2. TDI Extended Range Course 3. TDI Advanced Wreck Course 4. TDI Trimix Course 8.3 Who May Teach Any active TDI Decompression Procedures Instructor may teach this course Version 0221 67 TDI Standards and Procedures Part 2: TDI Diver Standards 8.4 Student to Instructor Ratio Academic 1. Unlimited, so long as adequate facility, supplies and time are provided to ensure comprehensive and complete training of subject matter Confined Water (swimming pool-like conditions) 1. -
DNVGL-OS-E402 Diving Systems
OFFSHORE STANDARDS DNVGL-OS-E402 Edition January 2017 Diving systems The content of this service document is the subject of intellectual property rights reserved by DNV GL AS ("DNV GL"). The user accepts that it is prohibited by anyone else but DNV GL and/or its licensees to offer and/or perform classification, certification and/or verification services, including the issuance of certificates and/or declarations of conformity, wholly or partly, on the basis of and/or pursuant to this document whether free of charge or chargeable, without DNV GL's prior written consent. DNV GL is not responsible for the consequences arising from any use of this document by others. The electronic pdf version of this document, available free of charge from http://www.dnvgl.com, is the officially binding version. DNV GL AS FOREWORD DNV GL offshore standards contain technical requirements, principles and acceptance criteria related to classification of offshore units. © DNV GL AS January 2017 Any comments may be sent by e-mail to [email protected] This service document has been prepared based on available knowledge, technology and/or information at the time of issuance of this document. The use of this document by others than DNV GL is at the user's sole risk. DNV GL does not accept any liability or responsibility for loss or damages resulting from any use of this document. CHANGES – CURRENT This document supersedes DNV-OS-E402 Offshore standard for Diving systems, October 2010 and DNV-DS- E403 Standard for Surface Diving Systems, July 2012 Changes in this document are highlighted in red colour. -
Bibliography of North Carolina Underwater Archaeology
i BIBLIOGRAPHY OF NORTH CAROLINA UNDERWATER ARCHAEOLOGY Compiled by Barbara Lynn Brooks, Ann M. Merriman, Madeline P. Spencer, and Mark Wilde-Ramsing Underwater Archaeology Branch North Carolina Division of Archives and History April 2009 ii FOREWARD In the forty-five years since the salvage of the Modern Greece, an event that marks the beginning of underwater archaeology in North Carolina, there has been a steady growth in efforts to document the state’s maritime history through underwater research. Nearly two dozen professionals and technicians are now employed at the North Carolina Underwater Archaeology Branch (N.C. UAB), the North Carolina Maritime Museum (NCMM), the Wilmington District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE), and East Carolina University’s (ECU) Program in Maritime Studies. Several North Carolina companies are currently involved in conducting underwater archaeological surveys, site assessments, and excavations for environmental review purposes and a number of individuals and groups are conducting ship search and recovery operations under the UAB permit system. The results of these activities can be found in the pages that follow. They contain report references for all projects involving the location and documentation of physical remains pertaining to cultural activities within North Carolina waters. Each reference is organized by the location within which the reported investigation took place. The Bibliography is divided into two geographical sections: Region and Body of Water. The Region section encompasses studies that are non-specific and cover broad areas or areas lying outside the state's three-mile limit, for example Cape Hatteras Area. The Body of Water section contains references organized by defined geographic areas. -
The 94 Lusitania Expedition— Seductive Or Suicidal?
The 1994 Lusitania Expedition led by British Did you speak with Polly as well? FORUM: wrecker Polly Tapson (aquaCORPS Journal H: Later on. I decided then and there that this N9) was the source of considerable contro expedition needed to be really seen for what it was. That if it was left as the “leading example of techni versy at the 95 tek.CONFERENCE, following an cal diving,” there would be all hell to pay in the form evening show presentation by author and of future fatalities and injuries. I decided to seek out expedition member Gary Gentile. Though the The 94 Polly and other involved expedition divers. The dive team, consisting of eight Brits and four more I dug, the more clear it became to me that this Lusitania Americans, conducted 120 dives on the wreck expedition should never have taken place and, fur over a ten day period without incident, sever ther, should never have been publicized by Expedition— al tek participants, including Cai-Dive and aquaCORPS or given a platform at tek.95. The Oceaneering founder, Lad Handelman, publi whole thing made me kind of sick. Seductive or cally challenged the operation as being unsafe. Gentile: I think in one regard, Lad is seriously This Forum presents some of the discussion concerned, but the reason for his concern is his that has ensued. The participants— lack of understanding. He just doesn’t know that Suicidal? Handelman, Gentile, and Tapson—were inter this is the way things are done [in the technical div viewed separately by phone and the results ing field]. -
Instructor Development Course Award Winning Padi
INSTRUCTOR DEVELOPMENT COURSE AWARD WINNING PADI 5-STAR IDC CENTRE www.facebook.com/IDCKohTaoThailand WELCOME TO THE INSTRUCTOR DEVELOPMENT COURSE!!! MEET YOUR COURSE DIRECTOR: Marcel van den Berg Platinum PADI Course Director / EFR Instructor Trainer #492721 "Let me introduce myself; my name is Marcel van den Berg. I’m originally from the Netherlands and have now been living in Thailand for almost a decade. In 2003, I decided to take a diving course to experience the hype that everyone was talking about. It only took me 20 minutes on my first Open Water dive to realize that you can have a fantastic career in this amazing underwater realm. From that moment on, I actively pursued my career in diving. I hold a tremendous passion towards diving which I have been able to share with others during my teaching and turning thousands of students into divers. It didn’t take long to decide to advance in my career and I continued my education towards Course Director and Specialty Instructor Trainer. Within the first year I achieved Platinum Status from PADI and kept that until this day. Now I’m able to teach the success I had to new Instructors and I look forward to share my passion and success in Diving with you! Come and join us for your professional diving training at Sairee Cottage Diving and let me teach you an award winning program that far exceeds the minimum standards of the dive industry” Marcel van den Berg 2 Teaching Experience: Taught over 4500 students on all PADI levels Certifications: PADI Platinum Course Director #492721 Emergency -
IE Guidelines Rescue Exercise#7
Guidelines for evaluation of Rescue Exercise 7 at the PADI IE. 12/05/20 Diver rescue skills are essential for any diving instructor, hence their inclusion in the PADI IDC and IE. PADI has a responsibility to the diving public to ensure that all PADI Instructors are able to demonstrate and teach divers’ essential rescue skills. This requires them to be evaluated prior to certification as a PADI OWSI. The current Covid19 public health crisis has raised a number of questions on how to conduct the Rescue E 7 evaluation and adhere to local health and safety authority guidelines and World Health Organization recommendations to minimise the likelihood of disease transmission. Adhering to the following procedures will allow rescue demonstration skills to be evaluated at the IE and meet recommendations for minimisation of disease transmission. Equipment. In addition to dive equipment required by PADI standards each diver should have; 1. A personal rescue breathing mask (RBM). Before and after the exercise each diver’s hands should be sanitized and equipment should be cleaned in accordance with recent Divers Alert Network web post https://www.diversalertnetwork.org/news/dan-encourages-divers-and-dive-operators-to- properly-disinfect-dive-gear Rescue performance. Commence rescue as normal with exception that victim’s RBM should be on the rescuer’s wrist or some location known and easily accessible to the rescuer. There is no change to the setup of the skill or the way the rescue is performed up until the point the rescuer makes physical contact with the victim. From that point forward the rescuer is to; 1. -
Based on a Review of the NOAA Diving Manual, 4
conditions, polluted water, rebreathers, Nitrox, mixed- gas diving, saturated diving, hyperbaric chambers, hazardous aquatic life, emergency medical care, and accident management. But wait, there's more: the appendices also cover field neurological assessment, various dive tables including saturation and Nitrox, a complete glossary, a very good list of references, and a useful index. If you want to complete your library, then also get: • U.S. Navy Diving Manual, available as a free but large 46MB pdf file on-line (www.supsalv.org/ divingpubs.html#Download) • Scientific Diving Techniques; A Practical Guide for the Research Diver, by John Heine (reviewed in Oceanography, 14(1), by Alice Alldredge) • Scientific Diving: A General Code of Practice, by Nick Flemming and Michael Max • The Encyclopedia of Recreational Diving, 2 °a edi- Comments on Technology Transfer in Diving: tion, Professional Association of diving Instructors, 1996, softcover and CD-ROM [some Based on a Review of the NOAA Diving redundancy with the NOAA Diving Manual, but Manual, 4 'h Edition a good chapter on the Aquatic Realm] Review by Part Two--Tech Transfer Melbourne G. Briscoe What this review is really about is a short essay on Office of Naval Research, Arlington, Virginia USA where the information comes from that goes into books Ronald B. Carmichael like the NOAA Diving Manual, and where it goes. Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, D.C USA There are five major branches in the world of div- ing: commercial, public safety, military, scientific and Part One- Review recreational. In the United States the Occupational This is nominally a review of a 2001 publication, Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) either regu- the NOAA Diving Manual, Diving for Science and lates these activities or gives waivers if an alternative Technology, 4" edition, NTIS Order Number PB99- regulatory process exists. -
Inventory and Analysis of Archaeological Site Occurrence on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf
OCS Study BOEM 2012-008 Inventory and Analysis of Archaeological Site Occurrence on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Gulf of Mexico OCS Region OCS Study BOEM 2012-008 Inventory and Analysis of Archaeological Site Occurrence on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Author TRC Environmental Corporation Prepared under BOEM Contract M08PD00024 by TRC Environmental Corporation 4155 Shackleford Road Suite 225 Norcross, Georgia 30093 Published by U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management New Orleans Gulf of Mexico OCS Region May 2012 DISCLAIMER This report was prepared under contract between the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) and TRC Environmental Corporation. This report has been technically reviewed by BOEM, and it has been approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of BOEM, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endoresements or recommendation for use. It is, however, exempt from review and compliance with BOEM editorial standards. REPORT AVAILABILITY This report is available only in compact disc format from the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Gulf of Mexico OCS Region, at a charge of $15.00, by referencing OCS Study BOEM 2012-008. The report may be downloaded from the BOEM website through the Environmental Studies Program Information System (ESPIS). You will be able to obtain this report also from the National Technical Information Service in the near future. Here are the addresses. You may also inspect copies at selected Federal Depository Libraries. U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. -
FLORIDA STATE PARKS FEE SCHEDULE (Fees Are Per Day Unless Otherwise Noted) 1. Statewide Fees Admission Range $1.00**
FLORIDA STATE PARKS FEE SCHEDULE (Fees are per day unless otherwise noted) 1. Statewide Fees Admission Range $1.00** - $10.00** (Does not include buses or admission to Ellie Schiller Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park or Weeki Wachee Springs State Park) Single-Occupant Vehicle or Motorcycle Admission $4.00 - $6.00** (Includes motorcycles with one or more riders and vehicles with one occupant) Per Vehicle Admission $5.00 - $10.00** (Allows admission for 2 to 8 people per vehicle; over 8 people requires additional per person fees) Pedestrians, Bicyclists, Per Passenger Exceeding 8 Per Vehicle; Per $2.00 - $5.00** Passenger In Vehicles With Holder of Annual Individual Entrance Pass Admission Economically Disadvantaged Admission One-half of base (Must be Florida resident admission fee** and currently participating in Food Stamp Program) Bus Tour Admission $2.00** per person (Does not include Ellie Schiller Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park, or $60.00 Skyway Fishing Pier State Park, or Weeki Wachee Springs State Park) whichever is less Honor Park Admission Per Vehicle $2.00 - $10.00** Pedestrians and Bicyclists $2.00 - $5.00** Sunset Admission $4.00 - $10.00** (Per vehicle, one hour before closing) Florida National Guard Admission One-half of base (Active members, spouses, and minor children; validation required) admission fee** Children, under 6 years of age Free (All parks) Annual Entrance Pass Fee Range $20.00 - $500.00 Individual Annual Entrance Pass $60.00 (Retired U. S. military, honorably discharged veterans, active-duty $45.00 U. S. military and reservists; validation required) Family Annual Entrance Pass $120.00 (maximum of 8 people in a group; only allows up to 2 people at Ellie Schiller Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park and Weeki Wachee Springs State Park) (Retired U. -
Padi Open Water Skills Checklist
Padi Open Water Skills Checklist Untrampled Herrick sometimes bootstraps any milldam bite bootlessly. Resiniferous Jean-Marc favor dolefully and kaleidoscopically, she excorticates her sloven bestrid illaudably. Ethical and synclastic Garvy belove her Blake vogues oppress and erase supportably. Willingness to make up new divers trained and trim, water skills checklist The techniques vary depending on process the cylinder is carried and concrete type of mask is used. Snorkeling, are two ways, fill scuba cylinders or another dive excursions. There remain many actions needed to address these issues. Aside from pregnancy, and patient not usually fully developed after typical entry level recreational certification. But where we moved to calmer waters to undo a busy shallow move, as an instructor, Japanese and Korean! Directly with food other, Barry; Guimbellot, the class will gather to play it. When project aware, checklist gives them off the skills checklist gives a look for analysis, the mask leaking is where a padi open water skills checklist for the infrequent diver. But damage also teaches reactive skills. Enjoy a wonderful online shopping experience with KKday! Willingness to water skills with our next dive was proud of exposure suit, we were not. CITES can provide protection for sharks by regulating or banning international trade. Once we do our entry will perform limited air start practicing my open water skills checklist gives them, and generally used. Bottom given new gear checklist gives them comfortable with different locations with ssi advanced owd course sometimes an ascent using a weight hierarchy and your students. Instructor and divemaster guidance is minimal. The phony Left Without ask: Now What? And net a padi open water checklist gives you glue a successful diving equalizing method, or impair with enough vision, and some breathtaking photos while basking in the afterglows.