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BUILDING RESILIENCE IN COMPLEX CRISIS(BRICC) BASELINE REPORT MARCH 2020 Funded by the European Union Table of Contents PROGRAM BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................. 3 Executive Summary 3 Research Methods 4 Research design and Rationale 4 Multi Phase Baseline Assessment 4 Research Approach 5 Study Population 5 Sampling Inclusion and Exclusion 6 Research tool, Techniques and Language 6 Participants Recruitment 7 Data Management, Analysis and Reporting 7 Presentation of Key findings 7 Conclusion 22 BRICC Logframe 28 BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 2 Funded by the European Union Program Background The European Union’s (EU) funded Building Resilience In Complex Crisis (BRICC) programme seek to build the absorptive and adaptive capacities of 26,875 households in Yobe state to be resilient to the shock and stresses of conflict, market disruptions, climate change and complex crisis. The programme will also transform the underlying casual dynamics to reduce the risks of future conflict by engaging communities and local leadership to create conditions to facilitate systemic change. Mercy Corps is leveraging its expertise in fostering resilience in complex environments both globally and in Northeast Nigeria, with its partners Cooperazione Internationale (COOPI) and the Danish Refugee Council (DRC)’s whose strong track record of relief and early recovery programs in Yobe state, will enable the consortium to rapidly start up and implement the BRICC program. BRICC’s ToC is IF communities most affected by conflict in Yobe state have improved social protection delivered through responsive, capable government, access to essential basic services and improved livelihood supported by robust markets, and IF key community leaders and government institutions manage resources, services and conflict peacefully and equitably while addressing drivers of participation of violence, THEN communities will achieve increasing well-being over time and experience the impacts of conflict less severely. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Building Resilience In Complex Crisis (BRICC) is a three years European Unioun(EU) funded program that aims to build the resilience of 26,875 households in Yobe State, to increase their ability to cope with the shocks and stresses of conflict, climate change and complex crisis, and transform the underlying causal dynamics to reduce the risk of future occurrence. The Baseline employed the use of multiple phased approach given the multiple sectorial scope of the Program using mixed method of Qualitative and Quantitative Data Collection. The Baseline Household survey questionnaire was administered to 423 respondents across the 6 LGAs of Damaturu, Potiskum, Gulani, Gujba, Geidam and Yunusari 18years and above using a Simple Random Sampling. The survey focused on Socio- Demographic Information, Disability, Diversification of Livelihoods, Social Cohesion, Resilience capacities, Access to financial services, Essential market system functions. Key Findings from the Baseline Survey: From the analysis, 48% were female and 52%were male with the highest representation in the age category of 35years and above. Using the Washington Group set of question, analysis shows that 17.4%(46.4%female and 53.6%Male) are disabled. 25.0%(32.1%Female and 67.8%Male) Household demonstrating resilience capacity on how prepared they were before the insurgency, they ability to cope with the shocks and stress and recovery from shocks and stress 33.1%(57%Female and 42.1%Male) reported increased diversity of goods and services availability in shops or local markets 20.9%(41.6%female and 58.3%Male) demonstrate improved savings and financial literacy by community members. 34.4%(15.8female and 18.6male) Small Holder Farmers demonstrating improved Technical skills in Climate-Sensitive Knowledge in farming techniques. BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 3 Funded by the European Union . RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research Design and Rationale It is central to understand the complexities and interconnectedness of multiple interventions that are aimed at building the resilience of conflict affected household thereby increasing their ability to cope with shocks and stresses. It is on the basis that the Consortium conducted an in-house program baseline that focused on key areas different component of the program. The Consortium conducted a baseline to inform benchmark on key sectors to include but not limited to; Social Protection, Conflict and Peace building, Financial Service linkages, Climate smart Agriculture and Youth entrepreneurship. The baseline survey built on the expanded knowledge generated from the following inception assessments and information was used to design and shape the survey questionnaire Multiple Phased Baseline Assessment Conducted Conflict Sensitivity Assessment: This assessment identified conflict sensitive issues 1) Insurgent attacks on the communities remains a major conflict threat to peace and security in the communities, 2) High level of kidnapping in the communities, 3) Increased Sexual and gender-based violence, 4) Lack of trust between adults and youth in the communities, 5) Cultural and ideological difference remains a dividing line across communities and 6) Perceived injustice leading to more violence. Youth-Led Labour Market Assessment: the assessment was able to identify vocational training institutions and skills offered at each respective centers, identified information on vocational/skills training opportunities to include not limited to local artisan for placing apprentices, identified sectors with high potentials for job creation for youth and entrepreneurship opportunities and key capacities, constraints and incentives related to increase job creation and establish preference of youth in relation to their capacities and skills Gender Assessment: The Gender assessment was able to identify key differences as it relates to women, men and youth and specifically, it focused on roles and responsibilities as it regards both gender, resource allocation, decision making during stresses and shocks and how time is used by different gender. Financial Service Provider Mapping: The Financial Service Provider(FSP) Mapping was able to identify data that BRICC Program will leveraging on to understand the types and features of financial services and products that are tailored to the needs of the target participants and the delivery channels. Value Chain Assessment: Some of the findings from the VCA Assessment include; 1) There are decrease in yield of cultivated crops as a result of decrease in rainfall, 2) Women are mostly limited to menial jobs in agricultural production process and most of their farming activity are within their Home (Home gardening), 3) Inadequate provision of equipment to aid mechanized farming activities while available privately owned equipment for hire are expensive. In responding to the uprising need to build the capacities of communities to prevent and manage conflict related shocks and stresses in Yobe State, the program set of outcome indicators that will enable the accomplishment of their goal (BRICC- Build Resilience In Complex Crisis in Yobe States through absorptive, adaptive and Transformational capacities). Research Approach BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 4 Funded by the European Union The baseline assessment used a Quantitative design approach to gain understanding on baseline study objectives and this specifically used individual semi-structured survey format targeting households in programs targeted communities of BRICC programs and data collected will be used to plan and implement the program effectively. The baseline assessment focused on obtaining information on; Socio-Demographic Information, Disability, Diversification of Livelihoods, Social Cohesion, Resilience capacities, Access to financial services, Essential market system functions. A random sample size of 423 drawn from a randomly selected interview respondent(Population) 1,145,800 within the selected enumeration areas targeted for program implementation. A pre-test of the research tools was conducted in a community outside implementation sites that had similar characteristics and target audience for the BRICC Program. Study Population The state is dominated by the Kanuri, Hausa and Fulani and other smaller ethnic groups such as Karekare, Barbur. Yobe State consists of seventeen (17) Local Government Areas(LGAs) grouped into three Senatorial Districts with an estimated population of 3,294, 100 from the 2016 projected population. In addition, there are 14 emirate Councils, which advise the local governments on cultural and traditional matters. The baseline assessment was carried out in six(6) Local Government Areas in Yobe State; Damaturu, Potiskum, Gulani, Gujba, Geidam and Yunusari, specifically targeting population between the age of 18 and above of female and male youth, women, men drawn from the selected communities within the LGAs. In order to get the sample size of the population for the baseline assessment the formula below was adopted using the Mercy Corps sample size calculator; Z2 (p * (1 – p)) * r n = def f e2 Where; n = sample size deff = design effect, usual assumed to be 2.0 z – z-score of confidence level (usually 1.96 or 1.645 corresponding to 95% or 90% respectively) p- Proportion of the population exhibiting characteristics of interest (determined from secondary data) 1-p – proportion of the population not exhibiting the character of interest r – Non-response