6342 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE May 16 then released to serve the Communist prop­ "The presence here of my wife and chil­ viewpoints between the Department of aganda purposes as has been the case of some dren tends to intensify my natural desire State and the Department of Commerce of the civilians? that no one toss any atom or hydrogen It is time for Mr. Hammarskjold to make bombs this way. on this issue, and establish an American his report to the United Nations and to the "I a.m quite convinced that my best policy that takes into account what Rus­ people of America. chances as well as those of my country and sia is doing to take advantage of the What is intended to be done about Com­ the entire free world rest with the firm 'stop present situation. munist failure to comply with the terms of the Communist march' movement which you Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ the Korean armistice? so forcibly represent. I have flown 400 com­ sent to have printed in the RECORD, an If the United Nations as an organization bat missions and would rather fly 400 more article from the Pittsburgh Post­ is paralyzed from taking action, then the than to see my kind of a world go down the Government of the United States ha.s an ob­ drain 1 isla.nd or 1 small country at a time. Gazette of Wednesday, April 13, telling ligation to men wearing the uniform of this "America must wake up to the real inten­ of a talk on this situation by Eliot Jane­ country to take some effective steps in get­ tions of communism and take real and pur­ way, a recognized authority on economic ting our men released. poseful steps to frustrate those intentions." research. There was a time at the turn of the cen­ There being no objection, the article tury when a single American civilian held as was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, a· captive brought from President Theodore Roosevelt the effective ultimatum: "Perdi­ as follows: caris a.live or Raisuli dead." Export of Scrap Iron and Steel ScRAP ExPORT IMPASSE SEEN AIDING RUSSIA­ Now our associates want to reward the REDS GETTING COPPER IN DEAL WITH BRIT­ Communists with membership in the United EXTENSION OF REMARKS AIN, ECONOMIST REPORTS Nations. The problem of export of scrap iron and Have we forgotten the bibilical injunc­ OF steel to Europe is tied in with Russian pro­ tion in Second Corinthians: curement of copper and presents a knotty "Be ye not unequally yoked together with HON. HUBERT H. HUMPHREY problem to the administration in Washing­ unbelievers; for what fellowship has right­ OF MINNESOTA ton, in the opinion of a New York economist. eousness with unrighteousness? And what IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Eliot Janeway, of New York, editor of communion has lgiht with darkness?" Janeway's Memos, an economic service to There are many persons at home and Friday, May 13, 1955 business, was in Pittsburgh last night to abroad who believe the Chinese Communists address the advance management group of are now merely following a long-established Mr. HUMPHREY. Mr. President, the School of Industrial Administration of technique to use negotiations (as at Pan­ whatever may be the intentions, some Carnegie Institute of Technology in Webster munjom) for the purpose of building up of our shortsighted policies are actually Hall Hotel. their striking power. helping Soviet Russia. There seems to Their minimum price will be a downpay­ be considerable confusion between the DECISION UP TO WHITE HOUSE ment of the offshore isla.nd groups of Quemoy Department of Commerce and the De­ Many of the ideas discussed with a re­ and Matsu and admission into the United porter were touched upon in the economist's Nations. Their ultimate price, which they partment of State over the matter of the address. will hope to get by negotiation or through export of scrap iron from the United It is his opinion that the White House will the United Nations, or by armed conflict, States. I do not think it is too much to have to decide the question of whether un­ will be Formosa and the Pescadores. ask that the Department of Commerce restricted scrap exports to Europe shall be In the long history of the Soviet Union or and the Department of State pass 1 or permitted. At present, there is a trickle of the shorter history of Communist China, 2 resolutions, first, that they are part scrap exports under license. there is nothing to demonstrate that the of the same Government; and, second, . The State Department has decided there Communist-pledged word is worth the paper that it might be well, since they might is no scrap shortage in the United States, on which it is written. agree that they are part of the same while the Commerce Department is in tlie The bones of the repudia.ted Soviet treaties corner of steel producers, who wish scrap and agreements with Latvia, Lithuania, Es­ Government, to have a uniform policy exports to be prohibited. The steel indus­ tonia, Poland, Hungary, Rumania, Bul­ on a matter which affects our foreign try says, in effect, that if Europe needs metals, garia, Czechoslovakia, Finland, and the Re­ trade and foreign policy. it should buy semi-finished or finished steel. public of China, together with the 1933 Our domestic steel industry is trying Litvinov compact with the United States to compel Western Europe to buy semi­ RUSSIA SHIPPING TO ENGLAND are there for all to· see. finished steel or finished steel. They During the impasse, according to Jane­ More recently the violations of the Ko­ way, Russia is shipping pig iron to England rean and Geneva armistice agreements by are trying to prohibit export of scrap at a delivered price slightly under the de­ Communist China are an additional warn­ iron and seem to have the blessing of the livered price of American steel scrap there. ing signal against placing either our faith Department of Commerce in doing so. As part of the pig iron deal, there is a reci­ or the survival of our friends and allies on As a result, they are unknowingly or procity arrangement, he said, whereby Eng­ the cynical smiling facade of a brutal Chou otherwise providing Russia with a pow­ land supplies Russia with badly needed en-lai. erful lever to force Western Europe to copper. Just recently, I had a letter from an Air ship copper to them, despite the free Janeway said that the decision on larger Force pilot in Formosa. · In his letter to me scrap steel exports should be made on a of February 12, this pilot wrote: world shortage of copper and the fact basis of the least cost to the American econ­ "As an Air Force jet pilot assigned to this that it is a strategic material badly omy. In any event, he is in favor of per­ island for the next 2 yea.rs, I am sure ·my needed in Russia. mitting scrap exports only if the steel made interest in lasting world peace is as acute as I respectfully suggest it is time for the from it is used by Western Europe for de­ is any American's. White House to take a look at conflicting fense purposes.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Inspire us with the certainty that there MESSAGE FROM TIIE SENATE are no crises we cannot face, no tempta­ A message from the Senate, by Mr. MONDAY, MAY 16,1955 tions we cannot master, no problems we Carrell, one of its clerks, announced that cannot solve, no wrongs we cannot set the Senate had passed without amend­ The House met at 12 o'clock noon. right, and no victories for righteousness ment bills of the House of the following The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Braskamp, and justice we cannot win when Thou titles: D. D., offered the following prayer: art our companion and counselor. H. R. 872. An act for the relief of Mrs. 0 Thou who art the inspiration of all Grant that we may never become dis­ Concetta Saccatti Salliani; sincere and earnest prayers and their heartened and discouraged as we con­ H. R. 876. An act for the relief of Alberto only answer, help us to believe and know tinue to set ourselves to the difficult task Dal Bello and Mrs. Dina Bristot Dal Bello; that the secret of a happy and victorious of building a nobler civilization and seek H. R. 881. An act for the relief of Gabriella life is to be found in a mind and heart Sardo; to help all mankind achieve the high­ H. R. 886. An act for the relief of Mrs. inhabited and controlled by Thy Spirit. est and happiest kind of life. Mounira E. Medlej; - May we begin this new week with the glad assurance that what we need inore Hear us in the name of our blessed H. R. 888. An act for the relief of Mrs. Elsa Lord. Amen. Danes; than anything else in the strain and H. R. 890. An act for the relief of Eliseo stress of life, both for our peace and The Journal of the proceedings of Felix Hernandez; power, is Thy divine presence and guid­ Thursday, May 12, 1955, was read and H. R. 911. An act for the relief of Gloria ance. approved. Minoza Medellin; 1955 ·CONGRESSIONAL ~ RECORD- HOUSE 6343 H. R. 91a. An act for the relief of Hilde­ H. R. 2764. An act for the relief of Victor COMMITTEE ON INTERSTATE AND gard Noble; and Irene-Wanda Goldstein; FOREIGN COMMERCE H. R. 921. An act for the relief of Chia­ H. R. 2941. An act for the relief of Mrs. El­ Tseng Chen; friede Majka Grifast; Mr. PRIEST. Mr. Speaker, I ask H. R. 923. An act tor the relief of Dr. H. R. 2954. An act for the relief of Mrs. unanimous consent that the Committee Danuta Oktawiec; Irene Emma Anderson; and on Interstate and Foreign Commerce H. R. 924. An act for the relief of Joseph H. R. 4043. An act. for the relief of Rene may have until midnight tonight to file Marrali; Rachell Luyse Kubicek. a report on the investigation of the air­ H. R. 958. An act for the relief of Howard Carl Kaiser; The message also announced that the navigation system generally known as H.. R . 971. An act for the relief <>f _ Mrs. Senate had passed, with amendments in visual omnirange distance measuring Erato Aranopoulou; which the concurrence of the House is equipment tactical air navigation. H. R. 976. An act for the relief of Mrs. requested, bills and a joint resolution of The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Franciska Mihalka; the House of the following titles: the request of the gentleman from Ten­ H. R. 984. An act for the relief of Dlr. H. R. 957. An act for the relief of Dr. nessee? Lycourgos E. Papadakis; There was no objection. H. R. 1008. An act. for the relief of. Alex­ Cristjo Cristofv, his wife Jordana Dilova Cris­ ander Turchaninova; tofv, and his children, George and Daphne­ H. R. 1009. An act for the relief of Wil­ Kremena Cristofv; liam Ligh; H. R. 1012. An act for the relief of Federico DAVY CROCKETT H. R. 1020. An act for the relief of Boris Ungar Finaly; Mr. JONAS. Mr. Speaker, I ask Ivanovitch Oblesow; H. R . 1142. An act for the relief of Capt. Moses M. Rudy; · unanimous consent to address the House H. R. 1048. An act for the relief of Chris­ for 1 minute and to revise and extend tine Susan Caiado; H. R. 1328. An act for the relief of Nich­ H. R. 1130. An act for the relief of Mrs. olas John Manticas, Anne Francis Manticas, my remarks. Anita Scavone; Yvonne Manticas, Mary Manticas, and John The SPEAKER. Is there objection to H. R. 1166. An act for the relief of Florence Manticas; and the request of the gentleman from Meister; H. J. Res. 2Il. Joint resolution to confer North Carolina? H. R. 1177. An act for the relief of Zbigniew jurisdiction on the Attorney General to de­ There was no objection. Wolynski; te!"mine the eligibility of certain aliens to Mr. JONAS. Mr. Speaker, interest in H. R. 1192. A~ act for the relief. of An­ benefit under section 6 of the Refugee Relief Act of 1953, as amended. the Davy Crockett story is not confined gelita Haberer; to the boys and girls of this country. H. R. 1196. An act for the relief of Li Chiu The message also announced that the Fu and wife, Leung Sue Wa; Last Thursday the gentleman from H. R . 1203. An act for the relief of Ivan Senate had passed bills, a joint resolu­ Texas [Mr. DIES], speaking in the well Bruno Lomm, also known as Ivan B. John­ tion, and concurrent resolutions of the of the House, referred to that story and son; following titles, in which the concurrence drew certain lessons from the record and H. R. 1220. An act for the relief of Kleoniki of the House is requested: career of this great American when he Argendeli; S. 88. An act for the relief of Maximilian served as a Member of the Congress more H. R. 1346. An act for the relief of Mrs. Karl Manjura; than 100 years ago. Davy Crockett is Anatoly Batenko and Vladimir Batenko; S. 430. An act for the relief of Hedwig Marie generally understood to have been ana­ H. R. 1351. An act for the relief of Mrs. Zaunmuller; Lottie Longo (formerly Lottie Guetler); tive of the State of Tennessee. A mere S. 502. An act for the relief of Elsa Lederer; statement of that fact, however, does not H. R. 1490. An act for the relief of Stylianos S. 715. An act for the relief of Toy Lin Haralambidis; . Chen; ten the entire story. When Davy Crock­ H. R. 1501. An act for the relief of Andrea S. 892. An act for the relief of Jose Perez ett was born on August 17, 1786, the State Hernandes Montes Rocha; Gomez; of Tennessee was not in existence. It H. R. 1502. An act for the relief of Elisa­ S. 1035. An act for the relief of Ambrose was then a part of the territory which beth Thalhammer and her child, Harold Anthony Fox; comprised the State of North Carolina. William Bushman lli; s. 1483. An act for the relief of Irfan So it can fairly be said, Mr. Speaker, that H. R. 1511. An act for the relief of Robert Kawar; George Bulldeath and Lenora Patricia Bull­ Davy Crockett was a Tar Heel born, S. 1513. An act for the relief of Kosmas although we will have to concede that he death; Vassilios Fournarakis; H. R. 1638. An act for the relief of Janis S. 1517. An act for the relief of Rosita A. was not a Tar Heel bred, and ~:hen he Arvids Reinfelds; Jocson~ died he was not a Tar Heel dead. But H. R. 1645. An act for the relief of Regina S . 1521. An act for the relief of Garabed we take great pride in the fact that he Berg Vomberg and her children, Wilma and Papazian; was born a resident of our State. Helga Vomberg; S. 1581. An act for the relief of Constan­ Mr. PRIEST. Mr. Speaker, will the H. R. 1665. An a.ct for the relief of David tinos Pantermalis; gentleman yield? Manuel Porter; S. 1645. An act to provide for extension .of H. R. 1679. An act for the relief of Marek S. Mr. JONAS. I yield. mortgage purchase contracts of the Federal Mr. PRIEST. I appreciate that what Korowicz; National Mortgage Association; H. R. 1885. An act for the relief of Orlando S. 1654. An act for the relief of Eliseu Joa.­ the gentleman has said is historically Lucarini; quim Boa; correct; but in view of the popularity of H. R. 1906. An act for the relief of Fay S. 1705. An act for the relief of George Paul the present song, the record of history Jeanette Lee; Khouri; probably will show that he was born on H. R. 1957. An act for the relief of Namiko S. J. Res. 51. Joint resolution extending an a mountaintop in Tennessee. Nitoh and her child, George F. X. Nitoh; invitation to the International Olympic Mr. JONAS. I think that is true; but H. R. 2087. An a~t for the relief of Erika Committee to hold the 1960 winter Olympic we in North Carolina have a right to Rambauske; games at Squaw Valley, Calif.; claim part of the credit for this great H. R. 226-1. An act for the relief of Giuseppe S. Con. Res. 31. Concurrent resolution ·au­ American. Carollo; thorizing the printing of additiona! copies H. R. 2276. An act for the relief of Vida of certain hearings and reports on juvenile Kosnik; delinquency for the use of the Committee SPECIAL ORDER GRANTED H. R. 2279. An act for the relief of Sister on the Judiciary; and Mary Berarda; S. Con. Res. 33. Concurrent resolution Mr. VANZANDT asked and was given withdrawing suspension of deportation of H. R . 2289. An act for the relief of Mrs. permission to address the House for 10 Marjorie Fligor (nee Sproul); Bernardino Canares Scalo. minutes today, following the legislative H. R. 2346. An act for the relief of John P. program and any special orders here­ Farrar; tofore entered. H. R. 2348. An act for the relief of Theo­ DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE dora Sammartino; AND FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRA­ H . R. 2354. An act for the relief of Basil TION APPROPRIATION BILL, 1956 RESEARCH IN THE DEVELOPMENT Theodossiou; Mr. WHITTEN submitted a conference AND UTn...rZATION OF' SALINE H. R. 2361. An act for the relief of Eliza­ WATERS beth Ann Giampietro; report and statement on the bill (H. R. H. R. 2731. An act for the relief of Sing 5239) making appropriations for the De­ . Mr. BOLLING. Mr. Speaker, by di­ Fang York; partment of Agriculture and Farm Credit rection of the Committee on Rules, I H. R. 2762. An act for the relief of Bent Administration for the :fiscal :Year ending call up House Resolution 231 and ask for Petersen; June 3~. 1956, and for other purposes. its immediate consideration. 6344 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE May 16 The Clerk read the resolution, as of the program and for the correlation serving the right to object to the con­ follows: and coordination of the studies and in­ sideration. of the resolution when it Resolved, That upon the adoption of this formation and not more than $500,000 conies up. I have no obfection to the resolution it shall De in order to move that could be spent for research and develop­ resolution to extend the Commission 30 the House resolve itself into the Committee ment in Federal laboratories. The pro­ days, although I am not in favor of the of the Whole House on the State of the gram itself would be extended through Hoover Commission, but I would cer­ Union for the consideration of the bill (H. R. fiscal year 1963 and would provide for tainly be against the creation of an­ 2126) to amend the act of July 3, 1952, re­ 1 additional year for correlating and co­ other Hoover Commission. I feel that lating to research in the development and this is the last commission of that type utilization of saline waters. After general ordinating the results, studies, and re­ debate, which shall be confined to the bill, search undertaken under the program. we will have in the Congress. I hope and shall continue not to exceed 1 hour, to Mr. Speaker, this bill was uminimously so, because I think we made a serious be equally divided and controlled by the recommended by the Committee on In­ mistake in starting out on this approach. chairman and ranking minority member of terior and Insular Affairs, and the De­ In the 80th Congress, when the que~­ the Committee on Interior and Insular Af­ partment of the Interior also favors its tion was first submitted to us, of having fairs, the bill shall be read for amendment enactment. a bipartisan commission composed of a under the 5-minute rule. At the conclusion of the consideration of the bill for amend­ Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, former President of the United States, ment, the Committee shall rise and report I know of no one who is opposed to this who certainly knew something about the the bill to the House with such amendments rule. executive branch, to head the Commis­ as may have been adopted, and the previous Mr. BOLLING. Mr. Speaker, I yield sion as chairman, and an outstanding question shall be considered as ordered on 15 minutes to the gentleman from Texas Democrat to be vice chairman, and the the bill and amendments thereto to final [Mr. PATMAN], and ask unanimous con­ Commission to be composed of 6 Repub­ passage without intervening motion except sent that he be permitted to speak out licans and 6 Democrats in order to make one motion to recommit. of order. a study and an investigation to prevent Mr. BOLLING. Mr. Speaker, I yield 30 The SPEAKER. Is there objection to duplication of effort in the Government, minutes to the gentleman from Illinois the request of the gentleman from Mis­ and to prevent waste and extravagance, [Mr. ALLEN]; and at this time I yield souri? it certainly did appeal to all Members myself such time as I may require. There was no objection. of the House. I know it appealed to me. Mr. Speaker, House Resolution 231 will Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask It passed unanimously. It was a fine make in order the consideration of the unanimous consent to revise and extend approach. It was looked upon favorably.. bill H. R. 2126, to amend the act of my remarks and include extraneous And it was all right-they did some fine July 3, 1952, relating to research in the matter. . work. But then in the 83d Congress, development and utilization of saline The SPEAKER. Is there objection to which was 2 years ago, a resolution was waters; provides for an open rule with the request of the gentleman from passed to provide for another Hoover 1 hour of general debate. Texas? Commission. We naturally looked upon H. R. 2126 would amend the Saline There was no objection. it as a continuation of the first Com­ Water Act of 1952, to provide fo·r unin­ EXTEND HOOVER COMMISSION mission. But it is not a continuation terrupted continuation of the saline Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, this of the first one. Instead of just investi­ water conversion research program. gating waste and extravagance, it is also afternoon unanimous consent will be going into the policymaking business as The act of 1952 had authorized the ap­ asked for the consideration of a reso­ propriation of $2 million to carry on a the Commission feels it has the authority lution to extend the Hoover Commis­ to go into policymaking. 5-year research program in order to de­ sion for 30 days until June 30. Under velop economically feasible methods of present law it expires this May 31. This A PART OF LEGISLATIVE BRANCH? converting sea and other saline waters resolution would give.it 30 more days, or The other day I was attending a meet­ to fresh water of a quality suitable for until June 30, to makes its ·reports,· and ing of a subcommittee of the Committee agricultural, municipal, and other uses. then 90 additional days to liquidate. It on Government Operations of the House If H. R. 2126 is passed, the period of the is my understanding that all reports will of Representatives and I heard a chair­ research program would be extended, be filed within the 30 additional days. man, Mr. J. P. Binns, of one of the the amount authorized to be appropri­ This morning you as Members of the Hoover Commission task forces make the ated for conducting this research would House received a document on business statement for the record in writing that be increased, and finally the bill would enterprise. the Attorney General of the United permit research to be carried on within Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, States has ruled that the Hoover Com­ specific areas in existing Government will the gentleman yield? mission is part of the legislative branch laboratories. . Mr. PATMAN. I yield. of the Government. Let me repeat that­ The report on H. R. 2126 indicates that Mr. BROWN of Ohio. I think it might that the Attorney General of the United the extension of this legislation is nec­ clarify the thinking of the Members to States has ruled that the Hoover Com­ essary at this time because under the point out that the 30-day extension mission is a part of the legislative branch provisions of the Saline Water Act of would apply to the life of the Commis­ of the Government. That was disturbing 1952 all work must be completed prior to sion itself for the purpose of making its to me and it should be disturbing to July 15, 1957. Thus the report goes on reports. The Commission would not be every Men1ber of the Ilouse of Itepre­ to state that the most active research in existence during the 90-day period. sentatives. would have to be terminated by about That would simply permit the Chairman Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. December 1955 in order that the work of the Commission to return to the Speaker, will the gentleman yield? might be completed under the present proper agencies of the Government and Mr. PATMAN. I yield. contracts and that the reports might be to the Treasury and moneys left over, Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. You submitted by the deadline of July 1957. and all this and that. It is simply to know that he cannot do any such thing Specifically H. R. 2126 would provide wind up the activities of the Commission. as that. He cannot create a Commis­ for the uninterrupted continuation of The Commission itself would come to an sion. What are you talking about? the saline water research program and end on June 30. Mr. PATMAN. He has a ruling that it would permit the officials in charge of Mr. PATMAN. That means that all is part of the legislative body. Now that the program to have the use and the reports will have been made, of all types means that we have delegated a lot of help of a certain amount of technical as­ and characters? power to an outside-group. That means sistance from existing Federal scientific Mr. BROWN of Ohio. All reports, that we have farmed out to an outside facilities. The bill would amend present yes. One of the purposes of the resolu­ group a lot of power that we should ex­ law to permit use of the facilities of ex­ tion is to give time to get these reports ercise as the legislative Representatives isting Federal scientific laboratories. printed. of the people.. Under the Constitution The present act would be amended to Mr. PATMAN. I thank the gentle­ we have the three separate branches of raise the limit of funds authorized to be man. government. All legislative powers, of appropriated from $2 m:illion to $6 mil­ Mr. Speaker, this time was given to course, are vested in the House of Repre­ lion. Out of this amount, not more than me in order that I may speak on this sentatives and the Senate. There is no $1,500,000 could be used for the direction matter now and not get the time by re- question about it. It is our duty. We 1955 CONGR~SSIONAL RECORD-- HOUSE 6345 are elected by the people here in the Mr. PATMAN. They do not legislate, vides that people who are raising money House of Representatives. Every person but they have a lot to do with legislation. to pressure Congress are supposed to here is elected. Not one has ever been Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Well, register with the Clerk of the House of appointed and under our present system, you say we delegated legislative power to Representatives. They have not done it. no one will ever be appointed to the the Hoover Commission. Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, will House of Representatives. In the other Mr. PATMAN. I will explain to you the gentleman yield? body, of course, under certain conditions, what I mean. Mr. PATMAN. I yield. a Member can be appointed by the gov­ Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Very Mr. McCORMACK. Without getting ernor of a State until the next election, well. I am listening. into the friendly colloquy between the but they are generally selected and Mr. PATMAN. We have delegated or gentleman from Texas and the gentle­ elected by the people. So in these two farmed out important functions of the man from Michigan in talking about vio­ bodies, the legislative power is in the legislative branch; that is, to let a pri­ lations, something may not be legalisti­ House and Senate, the Members of which vate agency-and some of them have cally a violation, but the spirit of the law are elected by the people, and we are conflicting interests-get up the facts for could be violated. charged with the duty of doing all the the Congress and present to us conclu­ Mr. PATMAN. This is both, in the legislative work that is to be done under sions for us based on their assembled spirit and the plain letter of the law. our form of government. facts to act on. We do not have any of There is no question on earth about it. Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. the detailed information. They have Mr. JOHNSON of California. I do Speaker, will the gentleman yield? that in their own files, but they get up not quite understand the gentleman's Mr. PATMAN. I yield. the facts as they want them assembled argument. It seems to me, from my Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Why for presentation. They arrive at their viewpoint, that what the Hoover Com­ you know and every schoolboy knows conclusions and present them to us, and mittee does is to gather facts and then that the legislative power-the first 15 then they try to force those conclusions make certain deductions. When we pass words of the Constitution state that the through in the form of a law. There­ on one of their proposals, if we are in­ legislative power is vested in the Con­ fore, they have an important legislative terested, and I have been interested in gress. So what are you talking about? function to perform, and they are per­ some, and need a factual statement on What is the idea? forming it. They have an important which they support their conclusions, it Mr. PATMAN. Well, ·I thought the agency. Of course, it is unofficial, but is submitted. If we do not like their gentleman would be disturbed when he they have an important agency to help proposal we turn it down. How in the found out that he actually, he and I, them. It is the Citizens Committee for world does that infringe on the powers delegated some of that power we did not the Hoover Report. of Congress? I really cannot under­ know we delegated to this Commission. Before you received this booklet on stand the gentleman, and he is one of Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Well, we Business Enterprises that came in this the most intelligent men in Congress. cannot do that. morning, the most recent report of the Mr. PATMAN. I thank the gentleman Mr. PATMAN. Well, we have anyway Hoover Commission, you received on for the compliment, and I will state that according to the report of the ruling of Saturday or Sunday, or 1 or 2 days be­ I know the gentleman from California is the Attorney General of the United fore, this report from the Citizens Com­ a very sincere and able Member of this States. We have anyway. mittee for the Hoover Report, telling you House. He asked a question expecting Mr. Speaker, whenever there is a sug­ about this Business Enterprises report. a sincere answer; he sincerely asked it gestion of a change in our Government In other words, this lobbying organiza­ and I will try my best to answer it. coming from anyone, and I do not care tion gets the information first from the The truth is that this power delegated where such a suggestion may originate, Hoover Commission and the Citizens to the Hoover Commission has been that suggestion and idea should be given Committee for the Hoover Report; this farmed out and delegated-this power consideration. Whether such a sugges­ lobbying organization gives you a clari­ fication, evaluation, and appraisal of from the Congress. It was in the 80th tion comes from the Hoover Commission Congress to investigate waste and ex­ or from any member of a task force or what the Hoover Commission has done through it, the lobbying group; that is, travagance, but since the last Hoover anyone else, it should be given consid­ Commission was organized they have eration. the Citizens Committee for the Hoover Report. Of whom are they composed? gone out into policymaking. So there is But who should consider it? Should Some of the finest and best people in the where they overreach into the legislative. some outside agency consider it? No. country but most of them have their own If all the committees would do as the A committee of the Congress should con­ axes to grind. They solicit contributions gentleman from California [Mr. JoHN­ sider it. A congressional committee from the biggest corporations in the SON] suggests that his committee would should have before it any person it wants country to carry on this pressure group. be expected to do, it would be all right; to hear. Mr. Hoover? Certainly, he They get contributions from corpora­ but they have not been doing that, and should be heard, but he should be heard tions, individuals, and everybody. They they are not going to do it. What they before a congressional committee. Cer­ are a lobbyihg organization, but yet they should do, just like the gentleman from tainly members of the task forces, who have not registered. I do not know why California said his committee would do, have unusual knowledge and information they have not. They should. They are is to call Mr. Hoover up before the com­ about subjects which they are on the task violating the law. There are 33 smaller, mittee and say: "Mr. Hoover, you have force to represent, should be heard, not little Hoover organizations in the States. made certain recommendations here; by an outside agency or an outside com­ They have not registered either. They upon what do you base them?" mission, but should be heard by a recog­ are raising money. They are trying to Then he would turn to one of his task nized committee of the House of Repre­ pressure Congress into passing laws. forces for assistance. He has a task sentatives or the Senate. In other words, They are violating the Lobbying Act. force of 15 to 25 men on every subject. when you delegate to a group to assem­ They have not registered either. Yet He would ask the chairman of the task ble facts for you, as the Hoover Commis­ we get this i'nformation through this force to come around and explain it to sion has been doing, whenever you lobbying organization, this unregistered the members. He has volumes of infor­ delegate to a group to present to you lobbying organization. mation and testimony, files filled with all conclusions on which to act and pass Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. kinds of documentary evidence, which, legislation, we are going beyond what Speaker, will the gentleman yield? of course, the gentleman is not going was intended in the Constitution of the Mr. PATMAN. I yield. into. From that information, from these United States. Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Just facts he has gotten up certain conclu­ Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. who is violating the law? What law are sions which he is giving to you, and this Speaker, will-the gentleman yield? they violating? Hoover Commission back in the gentle­ Mr. PATMAN. I yield. Mr. PATMAN. Well, we have the man's home State is wiring him every Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. If what Lobby Registration Act. day and every night, and writing him you say is true, that the Congress dele-: Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. I know letters and putting on a propaganda gated legislative power to the Hoover about that, but who is violating it? campaign: "Be sure and pass Hoover Commission, how come it does not legis­ Mr. PATMAN. · I am not going into recommendation No. 4. Pass Hoover late? What are we doing here? the details, but the Lobbying Act pro- recommendation No.4; we want it done." 6346 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE May 16 There is where the pressure comes in collectively, between the so-called lloover and heard witnesses from both the task and whether you are a Member of Con­ Commission and the voluntary National force and from the military department gress or not, you will forget the facts and Committee for the Hoover Report, which involved. I believe also that the gentle:­ the conclusions they arrived at and be­ is an entirely separate organization and man from Texas appeared before that gin to think about Hoover recommenda• over which the Hoover Commission has committee. tion No.4, or whatever the number is . . no control. . Mr. PATMAN. Yes.· The SPEAKER. The time of the gen­ Mr. PATMAN. May I interrupt to say AN EXACT COPY OF ACT CREATING HOOVER tleman from Texas has expired. that Mr. Hoover is the president of that COMMISSION Mr. BOLLING. Mr. Speaker, I yield organization. He is the honorary pres­ I am inserting a copy of Public Law 2 additional minutes to the gentleman ident of the Citizens Committee for the 108, 83d Congress, which created the from Texas. Hoover Report. Hoover Commission during the 1st ses­ Mr. BROWN of Ohio. ·Mr. Speaker, Mr. BROWN of Ohio. He certainly is sion of Congress of President Eisenhow­ I yield 3 additional minutes to the gen­ not the honorary president of that or­ er's administration. it is as follows: tleman from Texas. ganization. Mr. JOHNSON of California. Mr. Mr. PATMAN. But he is. [Public Law 108, 83d Cong., ch. 184, 1st sess.] Speaker, will the gentleman yield? Mr. BROWN of Ohio. He has been s. 106 Mr. PATMAN. I yield. given certain recognition through it, but An act for the establishment of a Commis­ Mr. JOHNSON of California. . Many he does not control or run it and the sion on Gorvernmental Operations people get letters from a great many Commission certainly does not. I as one Be it enacted, etc.- groups in the country, but we do not member of the Commission want to say always give in to the so-called pressure. that I had nothing to do with the selec.­ DECLARATION OF POLICY SECTioN 1. It is hereby declared to be the Most of the men I know in Congress tion or organization of any committee policy of Congress to promote economy, effi­ abhor pressure, and I really cannot see in support of or in opposition to any of ciency, and improved service in the trans­ why the committee that has to do with the Hoover reports. If Mr. Hoover has action of the public business in the depart­ this subject cannot call Mr. Hoover, if had any connection with that organiza­ ments, bureaus, agencies, boards, commiS­ it wishes his conclusions fortified by evi­ tion it is purely a personal matter and sions, offices, independent establishments, dence taken by the Commission or one one that has not been done by the com­ and instrumentalities of the executive of the task forces. It could subpena him mittee, which is an arm of the Congress. branch of the Oovernment by- and question him concerning his con­ Mr. PATMAN. Some of your task (1) recommending methods and proced­ ures for reducing expenditures to the lowest clusions. Customarily a recommenda­ force members are directors of the Citi­ amount consistent with the efficient per­ tion by the Hoover Commission is ac­ zen Committee for the Hoover Report. formance of essential services, activities, and companied by a full explanation in writ­ Mr. BROWN of Ohio. I appreciate functions; ing to support its conclusions. The con­ the fact that perhaps the gentleman as (2) eliminating duplication and overlap­ gressional committee would not have to a Member of Congress may also be inter­ ping of services, activities,_and functions; accept the recommendation and, of ested in some outside activities. · (3) consolidating services, activities, and course, neither of the branches of the Mr. PATMAN. Not like this and no functions of a similar nature; Congress would have to accept it. But other Members either. ( 4) abolishing services, -activities, and just the mere fact that Mr. Hoover does Mr. BROWN of Ohio. - The gentle­ functions not necessary to the efficient con­ not always appear as a witness should man is an author in his spare time and duct of Government; not condemn what he has asked the he has done a very good job. Let us try (5) eliminating . noness~ntial services, functions, and activities which are com­ Congress to do, which I think is usually to differentiate and not try to tie the petitive with private enterprise; very constructive. two together. I would like to point out (6) defining responsibilities of officials; Mr. PATMAN. The gentleman be­ one ·other thing if I may. That is that and lieves, then, that they should call Mr. any suggestion 'or recommendation or (7) reloca~ing ·agencies now responsible di­ Hoover and the members of the task finding of the Hoover Commission rectly to the President in departments or force that made the recommendations. comes to the Congress and it is entirely other agencies. Mr. JOHNSON of California. I said up to the Congress as to what may or ESTABLISHMENT OF THE COMMISSION ON they could do it if they wished to. may not be done with it. The Commis­ ORGANIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH Mr. PATMAN. Does not the gentle­ sion itself does not legislate. SEc. 2. (a) For the purpose of carrying out man think they should? Mr. PATMAN. I am going toeonclude the policy set forth in section 1 of this act, Mr. JOHNSON of California. I do not with the expression of the hope that there is hereby established a commission to want to tell congressional committees every committee that has anything to do be known as the Commission on Organiza­ what they should do, but we have had with these reports will call not only Mr. tion of the Executive Branch of the Govern­ Mr. Hoover before the Armed Services Hoover but members of the Commission ment (in this act referred to as the "Com­ Committee of the House on several occa­ who know anything about the reports mission"). (b) Service of an individual as a mem­ sions to explain various matters to us. and also the task forces. Remember, ber of the Commission or employment of an Mr. PATMAN. For the gentleman's these task forces are the only ones that individual by the Commission as an attorney information, every time the members of did the work and they are exempt from or expert in any business or professional the Citizens Committee for the Hoover the conflict in interest statute. A lot of field, on a part-time or full-time basis, with Report sends out something to their them are interested adversely to the or without compensation, shall not be con­ Members that needs legislation to carry Government on these reports. They ad­ sidered as service or employment bringing out the Hoover recommendation it gives mit that and they know it. They are such individual within the provisions of sec­ tions 28t, 283, 284, 434, or 1914 of title 18 them the names of the members of the serving without compensation from the of the United States Code, or section 190 of Senate committee that will handle it, Government, but are paid by their pri­ the Revised Statutes (5 U. S. C. 99). the States that the members are from, vate employers, there is no question and also gives you the names of the about that. MEMBERSHIP OF THE COMMISSION House committee and the States that Mr. SEC. 3. (a) Number and appointment: The BROWN of Ohio. Will the gen­ Commission shall be composed of 12 mem­ they are from, so that the people can tleman yield further? bers as follows: immediately commence pressuring these Mr. PATMAN. I yield to the gentle­ (1) Four appointed by the President of the members to get a bill out of committee. man from Ohio. United States, two from the executive branch That is bypassing Congress to that ex­ Mr. BROWN of Ohio. The gentle­ of the Government and two from private life; tent: man, of course, well knows that the var­ · (2) Four appointed by the President of the Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, ious committees of the Congress do call Senate, two from the Senate and two from will the gentleman yield? . members of these task forces before private life; and Mr. PATMAN. I yield to the gentle­ them. For instance, last week where (3) Four appointed by the Speaker of-the man from Ohio. there was a question or a dispute that House of Representatives,· two from the Mr. BROWN of Ohio. I am sure the _arose between ·some. of the military de­ 'House of Representatives and two from pri­ gentleman is sincere in everything he vate life. partments and some of the members of fb) _Vacancies: Any vacancy in the Com­ said, but I believe he should differenti· the task force in their report, a commit­ mission shall not affect its powers, but shall ate in his own mind and we should dif­ tee of the House, the Committee on Gov­ be -filled fn the same manner in which the ferentiate in our minds, individually and ernment Operations, tlid hold a hearing original· appointment was made. 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 6347 ORGANIZATION OF THE COMMISSION pena or otherwise, the attendance and testi­ present Commission that I believe are SEc. 4. The Commission shall elect a chair­ mony of such witnesses and the production justified, as follows: man and a vice chairman from among its of such books, records, correspondence, First. It is not a bipartisan commis­ members. memoranda, papers, and documents as the sion as advertised by the Citizens Com­ QUORUM Commission or such subcommittee or mem­ ber may deem advisable. Subpenas may be mittee for the Hoover Report and by the SEc. 5. Seven members of the Commission issued under the signature of the Chairman Hoover Commission itself. It is com­ shall constitute a quorum. of the Commission, of such subcommittee, or posed of 7 Republicans and 5 Democrats. COMPENSATION OF MEMBERS OF THE COMMISSION any duly designated member, and may be The people are led to believe by the state­ SEc. 6. (a) Members of Congress: Members served by any person designated by such ments issued by Mr. Hoover and others of Congress who are members of the Com­ Chairman or member. The provisions of sec­ that it ·is a bipartisan commission like mission shall serve without compensation in tions 102 to 104, inclusive, of the Revised the first Hoover Commission, under Pres­ addition to that received for their services as Statutes (U. S. C., title 2, sees. 192-194), Members of Congress; but they shall be reim­ shall apply in the case of any failure of any ident Truman, set up in 1949. The first bursed for travel, subsistence, and other nec­ witness to comply with any subpena or tu Commission was bipartisan, composed of essary expenses incurred by them in the per­ testify when summoned under authority of 6 Republicans and 6 Democrats, with Mr. formance of the duties vested in the Com­ this section. Hoover, a Republican, as chairman, and mission. (b) Obtaining official data: The Commis­ Mr. Dean Acheson, a Democrat, as vice (b) Members from the executive branch: sion is authorized to secure directly from any chairman. The members of the Commission who are in executive department, bureau, agency, board, Second. Mr. Hoover has refused to put the executive branch of the Government commission, office, independent establish­ the question to the Commission of the shall serve without compensation in addi­ ment, or instrumentality information, sug­ tion to that received for their services in the gestions, estimates, and statistics for the selection of a vice chairman, and this executive branch, but they shall be reim­ purpose of this act; and each such depart­ new Commission has never had a vice bursed for travel, subsistence, and other ment, bureau, agency, board, commission, chairman, which is contrary to the plain necessary expenses incurred by them in the office, establishment, or instrumentality is language of the law. This gives the performance of the duties vested in the authorized and directed to furnish such in­ chairman full authority. It creates a Commission. formation, suggestions,_ estimates, and sta­ doubt as to the legality of the whole (c) Members from private life: The mem­ tistics directly to the Commission, upon re­ Commission as it is not organized in ac­ bers from private life shall each receive $50 quest made by the Chairman or Vice Chair­ cordance with the plain language of the per diem when engaged in the actual per­ man. formance of duties vested in the Commission, Approved July 10, 1953. law under section 4 of the act creating plus reimbursement for travel, subsistence, the Commission. Section 10 of. the act and other necessary expenses incurred by I desire to particularly call your atten­ gives the vice chairman specific respon­ them in the performance of such duties. ·tion to the following facts: sibility. First. That a Commission of 12 mem­ STAFF OF THE COMMISSION Third. A Citizens Committee for the bers is established to carry out the de- Hoover Report is set up with Mr. Hoover, SEc. 7. (a) The Commission shall have clared policy. · power to appoint and fix the compensation of chairman of the Commission, as hon­ such personnel as it deems advisable, with­ Second. That a member of the Com­ orary chairman of the Citizens Commit­ out regard to the provisions of the civil mission, or any individual employed by tee for the Hoover Report. Many indi­ servi- Members to certain criticisms of the up, or present Hoover Conunission, the 6348 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE May 16 Chairman received authority from a ma­ satisfactorily. Mr. Hoover says that the suggested speech for use by congres­ jority of the other members of the Com­ Congressmen have little time or staff for sional candidates, starting off: mission to make all the appointments such highly technical inquiries. This It is a great pleasure to be with you today himself without referring them to the can be overcome. Congressmen on com­ and to talk briefly-yet earnestly and with Commission for approval, and having no mittees occupy a position similar to a all the strength at my command-of the Vice Chairman, Mr. Hoover did all the judge or a jury in a trial of a case in the .vital need in this country for better, more appointing and confirming himself. courthouse. They listen to all the testi­ efficient, and less expensive government. .More than that, I want to go on record at Seventh. This Commission has en­ 'mony and then make up their minds. this time in pledging my full support to couraged a lobbying organization, a That is much better from the standpoint these principles. You may be assured that, Citizens Committee for the Hoover Re­ of the people than having people who are ·u I am elected by the people of this district port, that is acting contrary to the law biased or prejudiced serving on these on November 2, I will do everything in my requiring the registration of lobbyists. task forces and who are not charged power to insure ·that American taxpayers get The national organization is not regis­ with the responsibility of protecting the a genuine dollar's worth of ser\7ice for every tered; neither is any State organization people's interest. Furthermore if Con­ dollar they pay in taxes. gressmen are conducting the hearing, · I am in strong accord, as I believe you are, of this group registered. This is in with the action taken by the Congress last plain violation of the law. they will make up their minds how to year when it unanimously established an­ Eighth. A careful reading of the act vote on a proposal. A task force mem­ other bipartisan Hoover Commission. • • • creating the present Hoover Commis­ ber can only help prepare a record for Last year a new Hoover Commission was sion will disclose that it does not give the information of Congress. If task created-again bipartisan in its membership the Commission policymaking powers as force members should desire, they could ·and again searching for new ways and means assumed by the Commission. -very easily prepare a record that would of saving money for the taxpayers. • • • support their personal views. In conclusion, I would be remiss if I were UNFINISHED BUSINESS OF THE FIRST HOOVER not to express my thanks to each of you for . COMMISSION Mr. Hoover in a letter to the press the interest you have shown in my candi­ January 13, 1954, stated: In the publication by a citizen's com- dacy. Your support is something I cherish . d For the purpose of amassing the facts each today and shall cherish always. mittee for the Hoover Report pub! Ishe .task force has been given adequate research One final word-! want to restate my in the latter part of 1953, it was stated: staff. pledge to do everything in my power to in­ Groups of distinguished citizens who are sure that the American taxpayers get a familiar with a specific field to be reviewed Considering the fact that a member ·genuine dollar's worth of services for every and unbiased in their approach to the prob­ of the task force is paid $50 a day and dollar they pay in taxes. I promise you I lem make a study of broad fields of Govern­ expenses for the time that he serves and shall never give up in my fight for better ment activity and administration. Subse­ considering the cost to the Government government. quently the task forces formulate their con­ for other purposes including experts, PRESS RELEASE ALSO PREPARED clusions and make recommendations to the economists, and other help, it would Commission. After the suggested speech, there is a probably be less expensive to the Gov­ press release on the speech by a congres­ Up to this time the Commission has ernment to furnish each Member of Con­ sional candidate, which is already pre- set up about 12 task forces bearing from gress an administrative assistant which -pared with nothing remaining to be done 8 to 26 members each. There are now would put the Members in a position to except the insertion of the candidate~s 140 members on its staff. In an address do the work and do it in a more satis­ name and the district and State that he that Mr. Hoover delivered at the Nation­ factory way than the Hoover Commis­ is from. The release also contained the al Press Club March 10, 1954, he stated: sion. · following statement, which was in the Last time we had a limited authority. It It will take a lot of congressional com­ prepared speech: mittees to spend as much as this second did not cover policy questions. This time I am in strong accord, as I believe you are, our authority to inquire and to recommend Hoover Commission is spending. . with the action taken by the Congress last is almost unlimited. The law provides, how­ CITIZENS COMMITTEE FOR HOOVER REPORT WRITES year when it unanimously:. established an­ ever, that we leave the Congress alone. This SPEECHES FOR CANDIDATES IN 1954 CAMPAIGN other bipartisan Hoover Commission. • • • time we are required to present the actual I ·support the objectives of the Commission legislation which will express our recommen­ In 1954, the Citizens Committee for the Hoover Report prepared and sent out to · and intend to carefully review its fort:Q.­ dations in legal terms. This time we have coming recommendations and give my ut­ some teeth. We can subpena documents and congressional candidates what was called . most backing to those which carry clear persons. Congressional Candidate's Packet on promise of Federal economy and efficiency. No one would minimize the immense im­ Better Government. In outlining his stand on the ·need for portance of inquiries by congressional com­ · It was an elaborately prepared bro­ continued vigilance and active interest in mittees. The difference is that they are sel­ chure setting forth what was considered · the operations of the Federal Government dom specialists in these matters. And . great accomplishments of the first · ------referred to five specific among their multitude of responsibilities · (Name of candidate) they have little time> or staff for such highly Hoover Commission and the great ac­ complishments expected and aims of the · instances of waste uncovered in congres­ technical inquiries. Moreover, few Members -sional findings and through researches of the of the Congress have served in the executive new Hoover Commission. original Hoover Commission: branch of the Government. It stated: 1. A congressional committee found that Up to date we have set up 10 task forces, This kit has been prepared by the bipartt. the Federal Government was supplying cer­ varying from 8 to 26 members qn each. The san Citizens Committee for the Hoover Re­ . tain American employees in Germany with 140 members of our staff, so far chosen, .are port. • • • It is being sent simUltaneously - 12 water glasses-and a total of 84 liquor, solely from among professional men, busi­ to all candidates of both parties. beer, and wine glasse~all a~ the taxpayers• ness executives, or former Government em­ expense. · ployees. They are all men in responsible po­ It further stated: 2. The Post Office Department was spend­ sitions outside the Government. Govern­ The Citizens Committee believes that this ing over twice as much money in shipping ment spending and taxes are no academic is a splendid opportunity for candidates of concrete mail box posts to the west coast as abstraction to them. They cause them acute both parties • • • to encourage. the new the posts themselves cost in the first place. grief. Commission in its endeavors. 3. In the Panama Canal Zone the Federal CONGRESS FARMING ITS WORK OUT? Government has 5 bakeries. One of these After the first page, there is a sug- alone can produce enough bread to fill the These task forces are being called gested plank for a congressional plat- need. _ upon to perform duties that Members of form, pledging support of all Hoover - 4. The Federal Government has accumu­ Congress are charged with performing. Commission recommendations which lated enough records to fill eight Pentagons. Members of Congress are elected by the further the objective of better govern- 5. The Federal Government has made loans people for that purpose. There is no ment. Also attached is a self-addressed, · to such enterprises as: (a) A pet hospital, reason why Congressmen should farm stamped postal card -to be returned by (b) a jukebox operator, (c) a beauty parlor, this work out to private groups. If the candidate to let the Citizens Coni- · (d) an interior decorator, and (e) · a snake Members were given the same help that farm · ' mitt.ee know that. the packet has been . ca~didate ______.:. told h1s audi- experts, economists, and technical advis­ recetved and he will make- active us~ of v (Name of candidate) ers can give and has provided to these it and t~at "I sul;>scribe .to .its objec_tive - ence that ·"The people of this district can task forces, the Congressmen could per­ of a more economical and efficient Fed- . rest assured that, if e1ected to office, I will form these duties much better arid more · eral Government/' Also enclosed is -a - lend.my best efforts .to prevent and stop any 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE ~349 such Examples of waste and inefficiency in .. In 40 years the volume of Government field have been appointed. These task forces the Government's administration and opera­ letters has increased 60 times. vary from 5 to 26 members, the total, includ­ tions." Mr. ------concluded by Letterwriting has outpaced the growth of ing consultants, being over 200. Many o! (Name of candidate) Government personnel 10 times. them serve without compensation. The promising that he would never give up in his Government records would fill a file drawer task forces, with the assistance of research fight for better government. reaching from the Pentagon to the Kremlin. staffs, investigate the important aspects of The quarter of a billion dollars which their subjects, present the facts, and make In order, doubtless, to properly inflame would be saved annually through the Com­ recommendations to the full Commission. the minds of the candidates and to en­ mission's program could supply 250,000 fami­ The Commission has the final responsibility able the candidates to inflame the minds lies with a $1,000 downpayment on new of making recommendations to the Congress. of the voters, a statement was inserted homes. • • in the packet on conspicuously colored ADMITS PRESSURE GROUPS Many of these task forces are divided into paper, as follows: Excerpt from a reprint of a portion of subcommittees of which there are a total cif Newsweek, October 18, 1954, issue, under over 30. Where necessary the coordination WASTE OF THE TAXPAYERS' DOLLARS of the Commission's work is accomplished by Set forth below are 10 examples of govern­ heading "Big Government: The Hoover interlocking membership on the task forces mental waste: Only continuous vigilance by Team's Attack": or joint subcommittees. the Executive, the Congress, and the public But the Commission's work will only be will prevent such instances from occurring a starter in the tremendous task of setting TASK FORCE MEMBERS in the future. the Federal Bureaucracy in order. Inertia In the packet also was a 16-page state­ 1. Overseas activities: A congressional and special interest will be stumbling ment of the status of the Hoover report, committee found that the Federal Govern­ blocks. But a counterpressure will work for 1949-54. ment was supplying certain American em­ enactment of the commission's recommenda­ The Hoover Commission, in February ployees in Germany with 12 water glasses­ tions-the Citizens Committee for the 1954, issued a release including the and a total of 84 liquor, beer, and wine Hoover Report. This pressure group to end glasses-all at the taxpayers' expense. pressure groups has been systematically names of the task forces and the mem­ 2. Public lands: One vast stretch of public mobilizing public opinion. And it will fight bers thereof, as follows: land in Oregon is owned by the Federal Gov­ tenaciously for the kind of good govern­ TASK FORCE MEMBERS ernment. Divided into squares, 1 mile by ment which it believes "big government" Budget and accounting: Stewart, J. Harold, 1 mile, 1 Federal Department administers precludes. · chairman; Browne, Dudley E.; Humphreys, the odd-numbered squares and another De­ Jr., H . E.: Jarchow, Christian; Price, Gwilym partment administers the even-numbered This reprint was sent out by the Citi­ Alexander; Ti:tfany, Kenneth C.; Wright, J. squares. zents Committee for the Hoover Report David. 3 .•• •. just before the general election Novem­ Business organization of the Department 4. Competition with private business: The ber 2, 1954. of Defense: Hook, Charles R., chairman; Government runs hotels, tugboats, and Binns, Joseph P.; Brainard, George C.; Bruce, banks. It manufactures paper, rope, rum, SECRETARY WILSON WARNS SERVICEMEN TO BE­ WARE OF SUCH UNAMERICAN METHODS • Howard; DeBakey, Michael; Folsom, Frank; clothing, spectacles, and false teeth. Hall, Joseph B.; Kelly, Mervin J.; King, Ar-. 5. Red tape: Each year the Federal Gov­ Excerpt from publication, You and thur Franklin; Mead, George Houk; Neely, ernment writes and produces appro:g:imately Your USA, April 14, 1954, issue, pub­ Frank H.; Robertson, Jr., Reuben B.;. 9 ,800,000,000 pieces of paper, or 196 pieces lished by the Office of Armed Forces In­ Schneider, Franz; Wolcott, Robert Wilson; of paper for each family in the United States. formation and Education, Department Wood, Robert E. 6. Personnel: The Federal Government not Legal services and procedure: Douglas, long ago spent $500,000 in an unsuccessful of Defense, ·washington, D. C., Hon. C. E. Wilson, Secretary of Defense: James Marsh, chairman; Clark, Herbert Wat­ endeavor to remove one employee. son; Fowler, Cody; Harno, Albert J.; Landis, 7 .•• •. Most pressure groups are watching out for James McCauley; McFarland, Carl; Malone, 8. Surplus files: The Federal Government the interests of some group of people. How­ Jr., Ross L.; Maxwell, David F.; Medina, Har­ has accumulated enough records to fill eight ever, there are two dangers we should know old R.; Peck, David W.; Smith, Reginald Pentagons. · about. First, we should not permit a pres­ Heber; Stason, E. Blythe; Tuttle, Elbert Parr; 9. Money for nothing: Some Federal busi­ sure group to force through a proposal which Wright, Edward Ledwidge. Consultants: ness enterprises are permitted to buy Gov­ will benefit one group at the expense of all Jackson, Robert H.; Roberts, George; Van­ ernment bonds with interest-free money that the rest of us. Second, pressure groups some­ derbilt, Arthur T. the Government loaned them in the first times use unethical means to achieve their Lending agencies: Grady, Paul, chairman; place. objectives. In trying to win public support, Bestor, Paul; Bliss, George L.; Bodman, Henry 10. The President: Sixty-five agencies re­ they often arouse emotions and avoid the T.; Campbell, William W.; Cole, Albert Les­ If port directly to the President. he were appeal to good judgment. Any organization ~ie; Cooper, Clifford D.; Cowles, Gardner; to spend even 1 hour a week supervising which attempts to influence people by taking Hotchkis, Preston; Keller, Arnold B.; Sproul, each, how could ;he possibly have time for advantage of their prejudices is employing Allan. · his other important official duties? un-American methods of persuasion. The Medical services: McCormick, Chauncey, Such charges are a reflection on the American way is through an appeal to the chairman; Braceland, Francis J.; Brandhorst, intelligence. Otto W.; Churchill, Edward D.; Crosby, Ed­ agencies involved and are not compli­ win L.; DeBakey, Michael; Graham, Evarts mentary to Congress or congressional Notice what Secretary Wilson says A.; Gregg, Alan; Hawley, Paul R.; Klumpp, committees. about appeals to prejudice. Is that what Theodore George; Leavell, Hugh Rodman; HORRID EXAMPLES AND APPEALS TO PREJUDICE the Hoover Commission is doing? MacLean, Basil C.; Martin, Walter B.; Miller, NOT INTENDED TO BE BIPARTISAN James Roscoe; Wilbur, Dwight L.; Winter­ Excerpt from February 25, 1955, issue nitz, Milton C. of Washington Report, published by the In the packet also was a statement Personnel: Dodds, Harold W., chairman; Chamber of Commerce of the United about the accomplishments of the Abrams, Frank W.; Barnard, Chester I.; Cuy­ States, Washington, D. C., editorial en­ Hoover Commission, which was referred ler, Lewis B.; Josephs, Devereux C.; Mitchell, titled "Two Hundred and Fifty Million to as a bipartisan commission. This ref­ Don G.; Paul, Willard S.; Ramspeck, Robert; Dollars Savings-Hoover Commission erence to a bipartisan commission as the Tuck, William Hallam; White, Leonard D. Offers Way To Cut Government Red first Commission was bipartisan, but Procurement: Wolcott, Robert Wilsonr Tape": when the resolution passed in the 83d chairman; Folsom, Frank M.; Kelly, Mervin Congress to establish the second Hoover J.; Mead, George Houk; Mosher, Ira; Neely, Here is a selection of these facts which Frank H.; Peale, Mundy I.; Proctor, Robert; you may find worth passing on to your Commission, the word bipartisan was Schneider, Franz; Stilwell, Charles J. friends, employees, and community leaders:. deliberately stricken out so that the au­ Subsistence services: Binns, Joseph P., Paperwork in the Federal Government thors evidently did not intend it to be a chairman; Appel, Vallee 0.; Coppers, George costs taxpayers $4 billion annually. bipartisan commission. H.; Crotty, Andrew J.; Drake, Albert B.; Gar­ The average family pays Uncle Sam $100 · In the packet also was a three-page vey, James McB.; Hennessy, John L.; Jones, a year as its share of the' paperwork burden. statement about the facts regarding the Ollie E.; Kraft, John H.; Krimendahl, Her­ The $4 billion annual paperwork cost is new Hoover Commission, which contains bert F.; Lee, Joseph A.; Mardik~n. George 12 times the total national budget in 1912. the following paragraph: M.; Shoemaker, Perry M.; Stouffer, Gordon A. The Federal Government produces 25 bil­ Surplus property: Wood, Robert E., chair­ lion pieces of paper annually. THE COMMISSION'S METHOD OF ORGANIZATION man; Erlicher, Harry; Greene, Leroy D.;· End to end, these pieces of paper would The Commission has utilized the task force Dgenfritz, Carl A.; Jolly, Thomas D.; Kresl, reach to the moon· 13 times;. ipproach to meet its problems. For each Carl; Mooney, James D.; Renard, George A.; About 750,000 Federal employees ·are re~ area to be examined a group of eminent citi­ Starr, Jr., Edward; Tangeman, Walter W~ quired to handle the pap~rwork ; ~ens who have a proven competence in the Consultant: Forbes, Russell. CI-399 6350 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE- May 16

Water resources and power : Moreen, Ben, Concerning the task forces, all mem~ abilities rated at 30 percent or less. Seems chairman; An drews, Charles L.; Bates, Wil· bers of the task forces are selected by they think these veterans are getting too liam B.; Brock, Pope F.; Brown, Carey H.; much gravy because they are working at de­ the Chairman, Mr. Hoover. In the first cent salaries. The top compensation for this Edison, Charles; Growdon, James P.; Hinds, Hoover Commission, all selections were Julian; Horner, Wesley Winans; Jirgal, John; group is $50 per month. It is likely that the Kracke, Edward A.; Lee, J. Bracken; Mattei, approved by the entire Commission, not beneficiary does have to supplement the com­ Albert Chester; Miller, Leslie A. ; Morrison, just by Mr. Hoover. The members ap­ pensation in order to get along, at least to Harry Vl.'inford; Murrow, Lavey V.; Newman, pointed represent his personal choice and get along very well. Jr., Frank H.; Pirnie, Malcolm; Polk, Harry very likely his philosophic views. Many To further confuse the issue, the Commis­ E.; Pound, Roscoe; Reavis, John Wallace; of the members have interest in conflict sion feels that the term "compensation" for war-service wounds, injury, or disease is too Richberg, Donald Randall; Roberts, ArthUr with their duties. The task force select~ significant; that it should be reduced to B.; Sawyer, Robert William; Shannon, Wil­ ed to consider a major political and eco~ liam D.; Tipton, Royce J. something less understandable such as dis­ nomic question is not balanced with an ability allowance. That goes hand in hand Commission staff members: Bragg, K. B.; equal number of those who oppose the Brassor, Francis P.; Heddleston, Russell A.; with still another recommendation that dis­ Hollister, John B.; Kennedy, Robert A.; proposal. In other words, if it is a ques­ abilities be geared to what a veteran is able Kieffer, Jarold A.; Lindemer, Lawrence Boyq; tion in which liberals and conservatives to earn, regardless of the degree of disability. McClelland, George K.; Merriam, Malcolm M.; are known to oppose each other, the task For example, if he lost an arm in the service Metz, Harold W.; Monat, Anna H.; Roback, force does not include as many liberals and is now rehabilitated to make a decent Herbert; Scull, Jr., Miles; Shine, Jr., Henry M. as conservatives. living with the other arm, then his compen­ Consultants: Coates, Charles B.; Klein, sation consideration should be less. The Julius; McCormick, Robert L. L.; Underhill, AMERICAN LEGION DISAPPOINTED American Legion has always believed that the war wounds should be compensated John; Westcott, Jay B. The National Legislative Bulletin of the American Legion, issued March 11, alike, regardless of ability to earn. SECOND HOOVER COMMISSION NOT LIKE FIRST 1955, contains the following statement: HOOVER COMMISSION PLAN TESTED In January 1954 the Citizens Commit~ "If at first you don't succeed, then try, try The first Hoover Commission recom­ tee for the Hoover Report reported to the again" must surely be the motto of the mended that each agency of the Gov~ President "for the purpose of amassing Hoover Commission when it goes into its ernment reimburse the Post Office De~ the facts, each task force has been given studies and recommendations on reorganiz· partment for the use of the mailing adequate research staff. The recom­ ing veterans' benefits and programs. privileges used by such agencies. This mendations of the task force and their Five years ago the first Hoover Commis· sion recommended dismemberment of the recommendation was carried into effect staff will be reviewed by the Commis­ by the passage of Public Law 286, which sion." This discloses that the task force, Veterans' Administration, the merging of VA hospitals into a gigantic Federal medical · was signed August 15, 1953. The com~ contrary to law, will conduct the hear~ system, and the subjugation of veterans' mittee report stated: ings and make the recommendation to preference in Federal employment. Those the Commission without any member of bitter pills were camouflaged with a coating The objective of this legislation is in ac· of honeyed words that went something like cordance with the recommendation of the the Commission being on the task force. Hoover Commission. In May 1954 the Citizens Committee this: The program for veterans will thus be· come more efficient; nothing will be taken for the Hoover Commission issued a doc~ The Hoover Commission in January away from them; they will get better service 1955 reported as follows: ument, which contained the following at less cost; and so on, and on. The Ameri­ language, "The second Hoover Commis­ can Legion and many Members of Congress A little over a year ago the Post Office sion-almost like the first-officially quickly saw through this camouflage. There Department was freed of bearing the entire known like its predecessor as a Com­ were but few who swallowed the pills be· cost of Government mail and the unrealis­ mission on Organization of the Executive cause most everyone knew that the less-cost tic deficit this had caused. The individual Branch of the Government, was unan­ factor would ultimately mean less benefits agencies now pay the Post Office about $38 imously created by Congress on a bi­ and less service for the veterans. million a year. This is as it should be. The second Hoover Commission has It is alarming to note, however, that to partisan basis under the Brown-Fergu~ changed its tactics. It comes right out and develop their usage figures so that they may son Act, signed by President Eisenhower says what it wants the executive branch and reimburse the Post Office Department the on July 10, 1953." In referring to the the Congress to do. There is no attempt to agencies are spending almost $3.8 million, Commission as a bipartisan Commission, disguise the plan. equivalent to 10 ·percent of postage costs. the statement leaves the distinct impres­ Let's take a look at some of the recom­ sion that it is bipartisan like the first mendations. That is an example of the results of Commission, which included six Demo­ They would set up a Federal Advisory a change that we made at the request crats and six Republicans. This is not Council on Health which would impose au. of the Hoover Commission. Here is the thority over and inhibit the administration same Commission that requested the true. The word bipartisan was stricken of the VA medical and hospital system. out of the resolution creating the second change be made, the Congress made the To save money they would close down 20 change exactly as the Commission re­ Hoover Commission and the members in~ VA hospitals. This at a time when there are elude seven Republicans and five Dem­ some 20,000 eligibles waiting for hospital quested, and the cost of taking the ocrats. treatment. money out of one pocket and putting it VETERANS BELITTLED Attacking non-service-connected hospitali­ into another pocket just on one item zation now available to veterans who cannot alone was $3,800,000. That is a 10 per~ In a legislative report gotten out by afford to pay for hospitalization, and then cent increase. the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the only if a VA bed is available. Closing down United States, volume 8, No. 10, it was 20 hospitals will make less beds available for HOOVER HAMBURGER FORMULA stated: this purpose. They would curtail non-ser­ If we use the Hoover hamburger for~ Hoover Commission Veterans of Foreign ice-connected hospitalization by thoroughly mula for determining the savings in our Wars legislative service on June 3, appeared checking whether or not the veteran lied national budget because of the Hoover before the Hoover Commission Task Force when he made his statement to the VA that Commission reports, we would say that making a study of the requirements for ad· he could not pay. Perhaps the veteran would have to wait several weeks before being ad­ instead of the Commission saving money, mission to practice before Federal boards it is costing 10 percent more or $6 to $7 and commissions- mitted, while the check was being made. Further, they recommend that if the "broke" billion a year. These figures would be And so forth. Other national vet~ veteran ever gets on his feet and has some arrived at by arbitrarily considering that erans organizations made similar re~ money, he should pay what he owes the all of the Hoover Commission recom­ Government for hospital treatment. Of be~ mendations cost the Government 10 per~ ports. Doubtless, it is crushing and course, this would mean that the strictly littling to a veteran of a war-many of indigent veteran would be getting no veter­ cent more by using the Post Office case them outstanding heroes of a war-to be ans' preference-he would simply get an ex­ as an example. Mr. Hoover arrived at required to go through a group of special~ tension of credit. One can, without too much the 60-year supply of hamburger for interest :representatives in order to get imagination, foresee the time when further the Navy by the use of a trick formula his views presented to a Congress recommendations are made to force the vet­ that was no more deceitful and mislead­ elected by the people. Why should any eran to repay out of monthly compensation ing than this one. It left the impres­ veteran, or any other citizen, be required or pension checks, should he be fortunate sion that the Navy had enough ham­ enough to receive them. Underlying all this to have his views screened through a is the main effort designed to eliminate non­ burger meat for 60 years. The truth was Hoover Commission, or any other com­ service-connected hospitalization entirely. it had about 800,000 pounds, which would mission, in order to get them presented The Commission also recommends a com­ not be enough to last the Armed Forces to elected representatives of the people? plete reevaluation of service-connected dis· over 1 day. After all, 800,000 pounds of 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 6351 meat is the equivalent of only 400 good­ oath of office the day of the first meeting of number of task force members who have the Commission on September 29, 1953. This drawn pay and taken an oath of office and sized steers. It is inconceivable to think oath was administered by Associate Justice also the number who have not. I am some­ that a quantity of meat the size of 400 of the Supreme Court Burton. All the em­ what loath to give you the individual names, steers that could be corralled and kept ployees of the Commission take an oath o! for I do not believe the Commission would on on~ part of the White House grounds, office before beginning their duties. feel that it should make any public distinc­ would be sufficient to last the great Navy tion between the man who because of his or the Armed Forces 60 years. This is On March 30, 1955, I sent Mr. Hollister own personal means, the willingness of his a sample of the ridiculous manner in another letter, which follows: company to pay his expenses or his own ex­ which the high-powered public relations I received your letter and thanks for the cess of patriotic zeal does his work without firms employed by the Hoover Commis­ information about the 12 Commissioners and remuneration and the man who does the the employees of the Commission taking the work and draws all or part of what the Con­ sion have overdramatized and misrep­ gress authorized him to be paid for his work. resented the work and accomplishments oath of office. Please advise me if th~ members of the I should be glad to discuss the matter but hid and submerged the devastation task forces have also taken the oath and if informally with the members of the Com­ of the Commission. their employees have likewise taken the mission if you would care to have me do so. HORRID EXAMPLES EXPECTED oath. On April 11, 1955, I again wrote March 10, 1954, Chairman Hoover_ Mr. Hollister's reply to my letter dated Mr. Hollister, and my letter follows: stated in a speech at the National Press March 30, 1955, follows: Although I do not agree that the reason Club: I acknowledge receipt of your letter of to­ you have given is sufficient to justify with­ All the task forces are now in the midst day. All members of the task forces who holding the information I have requested, I of our inquiries and no horrid examples draw any pay have taken an oath of office. wish you would furnish me the number of are ready for publication and no fine recom­ Those who accept no pay are not asked to members who served without pay or com­ mendations have as yet been put on paper; take an oath. pensation, and therefore did not take the however, we are learning a lot. The task forces have no employees of their oath, and also the number of members who own. All staff who work with them are were paid and took the oath. After I get At that time, Mr. Hoover expected his employees of the Commission. this information, I shall be very glad to public relations task force to be able to talk to you about the other information, if disclose horrid examples. Again on April 4, 1955, I wrote Mr. _ Hollister. My letter follows: I desire to pursue the matter further. An agency of the Congress would nor­ If you will furnish it to me right away, mally be expected to advise Congress If you will give me a list of the members of it will be appreciated. first of any horrid examples and make the task forces who have drawn pay and sure that Congress was not reflected who have taken the oath of office, as well The reply which I received from upon by overdramatization and also for as the list of those who have accepted no Mr. Hollister, dated April 13, 1955, is as pay and, therefore, have not taken the follows: the purpose of giving Congress an op­ oath, it will be appreciated very much. portunity to correct any valid mistakes. If you can send it this week, please mail I acknowledge receipt of your letter of ADMITTEDLY A PRESSURE GROUP it to me here in Texarkana at Post Office April 11 last and hasten to enclose you a The citizens committee for the Hoover Box 868, and oblige. sheet which is attached to a progress report I am making to the Commission. This gives reports in January 1955 published a doc­ Mr. Hollister replied to my April 4, the breakdown of Commission personnel for ument which was widely distributed to 1955, letter on April 8, 1955, as follows: September 30, 1954, and for each month, schools and universities in which it was I acknowledge receipt of your letter of beginning November 30, 1954. This will give stated: April 4, last. I could easily give you the you the information you have requested. For the first time in United States his­ tory, a pressure group has been formed to Breakdown of Commission personnel bring about a general reorganization. The citizens committee has kept the Commis­ sion's recommendations before the country Sept. 3.0, Nov. 30, Dec. 31, Jan. 31, Feb. 28, Mar. 31, and has not allowed them to be forgotten 1954 1954 1954 1955 1955 1955 as such efforts have been in the pa.st. ------1------ALL CONTRmUTIONS TO THE GROUP ARE Commissioners ___ ------12 12 12 12 12 12 Commissioner's assistants and secretaries ______21 23 23 23 ADVERTISED AS TAX EXEMPT Sta:fl' personneL ______------28 28 28 30 28 34 37 39 It will be noticed the citizens com­ Task force members with compensation ______.84 87 84 84 53 52 Task force members without compensation ______77 78 77 77' 92 83 mittee admits it is a pressure group and Task force assistants and clerical personnel with compensation ______213 211 211 152 its activities clearly disclose that it Task force assistants without compensation ______149 124 should be registered under the Lobby­ 90 103 89 83 43 25 Total ______------ing Act. In the same booklet, it is stated 525 544 524 465 414 363 that the Commission's influence was not limited to the national level. In .33 States and 2 Territories, little Hoover The last letter I sent to Mr. Hollister, Breakdown of task force members commissions have been established since dated April 29, 1955, follows: 1. Budget and Accounting Task Force: 1949. In your letter of April 13, 1955, you gave a. Numbersation ______of members with compen- _ It was also stated in this booklet: me information concerning the breakdown 0 The citizens committee has operated a5 of Commission personnel. However, it does b. Number of members without com­ a pressure group against pressure groups. hot give me the breakdown as to each Task pensation ------7 Force. DID MEMBERS TAKE OATH AS REQUIRED BY LAW? Total ______I wish you would furnish me by Monday, 7 On March 29, 1955, I addresse9. a letter May 2, at noon, the following information: to Mr. John B. Hollister, Executive Di­ 1. The name of each Task Force. 2. Intelligence Activities Task Force: rector of the Commission on Organiza­ 2. The number of members in each Ta~k a. Numbersation ______of members with compen- _ tion of the Executive Branch of the Force with compensation. 3 Government, in which I asked for certain 3. The number of members in each Task b. Number of members without com­ information. It is as follows: Force without compensation. pensation ------3 Please advise me if the 12 members of the If you will please furnish this informa­ Total ______Hoover Commission take an oath as required tion to me by the time mentioned, it will be 6 by public officials to support the Constitu­ appreciated very much. tion and laws of the United St ates, etc. Also Mr. Hollister's reply to my April 29, 3. Legal Services and Procedure Task plea£e advise if the members of the staff Force: likewise take such an oath. 1955, letter, dated May 2, 1955, is as a. Number of members with compen­ If you will give me this information right follows: away, I shall appreciate it very much. sation------~--­ 9 I acknowledge receipt of your letter of b. Number of tnembers without com­ On March 29, 1955, Mr. Hollister re­ April 29, which unfortunately did not reach pensation ------5 plied to my letter as follows: me until after 10 o'clock this morning. Total ______I acknowledge receipt of your letter of However, I am now sending you a state­ 14 today's date. All 12 Commissioners took the ment along the lines you have requeste~. 6352 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- I-IOUSE May 16 Breakdown of task force members-Con. Breakdown of task force members-Con. NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE 4. Lending Agencies Task Force: Total number of members with compen- FOR AERONAUTICS a. Number of members with compen- sation______69 sation------1 Total number of members without com­ Mr. DURHAM. Mr. Speaker, I ask b. Number of members without com- pensation------94 unanimous consent to take from the pensation------9 Speaker's desk the bill Jamaica Plain. Broth­ JAMES MORGAN, Hospitality Day," a day set aside for em­ een Mike attended Mount Vernon Gram­ phasizing the wealth of attractions that mar School, West Roxbury, when that now our State holds for the perennial tourist. very populous residential region was all re­ MICHIGAN WEEK The natural friendliness of Michigan motely rural from the city in which he was people is sure to make any visit a mem­ to win distinction. Later, he attended Eliot Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Speaker, I ask orable one. Academy, Jamaica Plain. unanimous consent to extend my re· EDUCATION After cub training on the West Roxbury marks at this point in the RECORD. The following day, Wednesday, May Advertiser, he want to work for the old Yan­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to 18, is Education Day. The important kee-controlled Boston Record-and-Adver­ the request of the gentleman from tiser. In 1889, he joined the Globe staff. role that education has played in our Michigan? State's growth and development will be A year later, he married pretty Catherine There was no objection. E. Sullivan, of Charlestown. They settled highlighted by the convening of the at 46 Gardner Street, West Roxbury-and Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Speaker, starting White House Conference on Education. from the first days onward, his generous this past Sunday, May 15, and continuing Our State has long been a leader in the heart and her gracious spirit made that home through to the following Saturday all important field of education. Its educa­ remarked for its hospitality. This was to Michiganders will observe Michigan tional system has been used as a model remain the family home through all the Week. I should like to extend to my col· in nearly all the Western States. Michi­ years. Mrs. Hennessy died in 1940. leagues here an invitation to join us in Among Mr. and Mrs. Hennessy's five de­ gan stands third in the number of stu­ our week-long trumpeting about our dents enrolled in institutions of higher ceased children was James Morgan Hennessy, great State. If the members of the who for several years was secretary to the late learning. Founded in 1817, the Univer­ William D. Sullivan (then the Globe's man­ Michigan delegation are seen stalking sity of Michigan is regarded as the aging editor). about with an increased air of pomp and mother of State universities because of He is survived by two daughters, Anna G. elegance, I would ask the indulgence of its leadership in the development of and Kathryn Sullivan Hennessy, both of West your collective understanding for our State-supported higher education. Roxbury. proud behavior in the coming few days. Michigan State College, now celebrating I am sure that the Members of this its centennial, was the first agricultural LETTER FROM MR. MORGAN, THEN 92, TOM. E. House are equally proud of their home college in America. The University of HENNESSY ON REACHING 87 States, and that they, too, have allocated Detroit, my alma mater, is one of the OcTOBER 22, 1953. given days of the calendar to bringing largest Jesuit universities in the world. CARO MICHELE: Your being a kid of only 87 public recognition and observance of the As has been said of the British Empire is no subject for congratulations by me. many attributes of their State. It is "that the sun never sets on England's Rather, I am congratulating myself on the right and proper that we vigorously possessions," so it has been said of the lengthening of the great and precious friend­ maintain our singular identity of indi· ship you have given me through near two­ work of the Holy Order of the Society of thirds of your life. vidual statehood, and staunchly pursue Jesus. It's present president, Father Always I see with the eye of memory a our separate objectives within the Calestin Steiner, is a recognized leader young chap who brought in an interview with framework of our federally constituted in the field of Catholic education. Just Ben Butler, wherein he endorsed Russell for Government-for in our diversity we recently the University of Michigan was governor. As Ben was not noted for a for­ have uncovered the strength that this the site of the historical medical victory giving and forgetting disposition, I doubted unselfish individuality affords. achieved by Dr. Jonas E. Salk over the hi.> approval of a son of an anti-Butler father. MICHIGAN'S SPIRITUAL FOUNDATION and I asked you to take a proof of your in• polio virus. The efforts of our State in terview back to him for verification. You Each day of this week will have a spe .. the field of education emphasizes our be ... returned it with his immaterial corrections cia! significance. Yesterday, Sunday, lief that knowledge is power and the scrawled in the margin, and that proof still was designated "Michigan Spiritual greatest deterrent to the evils of ignor­ is among my keepsakes. Foundations Day," which was devoted to ance and suppression of the truth. ~364 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE May 16 OUR LIVELIHOOD It is really a demonstration of appreci­ tially restored Federal approval of the This coming Thursday, has been ation by all Michiganders for the multi­ vaccine. The Secretary of the Depart­ c:t.osen as Our Livelihood Day. On this tude of opportunities that exist in our ment of Health, Education, and Welfare, day all Michiganders will reflect upon State for serving all America. It is joy­ Mrs. Hobby, was scheduled to appear be­ the diversity of means by which the peo­ ous gratitude for our God-given special fore our committee last week. She ple of the community make their living. endowments, and through their display begged to be excused and despite repeated The paramount manufacturing industry it is a sharing of those gifts with the invitations to testify at a time conven­ of our State is, of course, the automobile. rest of the world. It is this spirit of ient to her has remained unavailable to From Detroit comes over one-half of the sharing that we extend to you, our sister the House of Representatives while her Nation's total production of passenger States, during Michigan week. subordinate, the Surgean General, cars. Over 1 million persons are em­ states he cannot speak for the Depart­ ployed by Michigan's 10,000 factories. ment. Michigan ranks first in percentage of GENERAL LEAVE TO EXTEND Certainly, no one would suggest that income derived from manufacturing. REMARKS the Department of Health, Education, But, Michigan, is also a great agricul­ Mr. ENGLE. Mr. Speaker, I ask and Welfare is not concerned and wor­ tural State as well. Michigan is the unanimous consent that all Members ried and working. They appear to be most self-sufficient food producer in the may revise and extend their remarks breaking all records for holding intra­ Nation. It leads the country in produc­ made in Committee of the Whole in con­ office, closed conferences. These pro­ tion of sour cherries, navy beans, canta­ nection with the consideration of the bill ceed night and day. The result of each, loupes, celery, cucumber pickles, and H. R. 2126 just passed by the House. as the New York Herald-Tribune has so strawberries. The richness of our nat­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to ably pointed out, is a marked lack of ural resources is attested to by the fol­ the request of the gentleman from Cali­ clarity. Nothing has been put forward lowing facts: The only large commercial fornia? up to this time by the Office of Secretary deposit of native copper in the world is There was no objection. Oveta Culp Hobby which brings light to located in Michigan. Michigan has the situation or brings order to the con­ more forest land than any other State: fusion created by this apparent abnega­ 937,687 acres. Located in our upper CONFUSION ABOUT SALK VACCINE tion of her duty. There has been far peninsula is one of the largest iron-ore Mr. ENGLE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ too much lack of clarity in what was producing regions in the world. From imous consent that the gentleman from from the outset an emergency situation these natural ingredients of natural and New York [Mr. DAVIDSON] may extend his of national proportions. manufactured wealth there is found in remarks at this point in the RECORD. On April 13, 1955, it was reported that our State practically every known craft, Mrs. Hobby called off a full-dress, cere­ art, or vocation that our civilization has The SPEAKER. Is there objection to monial press conference scheduled for tmcovered. The opportunities for mak­ the request of the gentleman from 4 p.m. because the Public Health Service ing a living are many in the State of California? had not yet submitted its final judgment Michigan. There was no objection. on the vaccine evaluation study made by HERITAGE Mr. DAVIDSON. Mr. Speaker, it is Dr. Francis. At 5: 15 p. m. that day Mrs. Appropriately one day, Friday, May 20, n.ow over a month since we learned that Hobby signed the documents licensing has been set aside to memorialize the the Salk vaccine for the prevention of but six pharmaceutical firms to manu­ heritage of Michigan. It will appraise poliomyelitis was proved successful and facture the vaccine. Every public state­ the traditions, culture, and resources effective. We were told then, that the ment issued by Mrs. Hobby indicates that stand today as the "mainsprings" mass innoculation of all our children that her Department did not know until of this and future generations of our could begin immediately. Our joy and April 12 that the report on the Salk vac­ State. our gratefulness knew no bounds. cine would be favorable; that it made no NEW FRONTIERS However, the elation we all knew on preparations whatsoever based on the The last day, Saturday, May 21, prop­ April 12, 1955, when with unstinting eventuality that the report might be erly looks to the future. On this day, fanfare the success of Dr. Salk was an­ favorable, and that it did not begin New Frontiers Day, the people of Mich­ nounced, has been reduced in a few short to study the Francis report until that igan will take a vigorous look to the fu­ weeks to bewilderment, worry, and new same day. This fantastic failure would ture with the sober realization that our fear, bringing the entire situation to the be ludicrous if it were not so patently State must secure for itself and all border of pandemonium. The most hor­ tragic. America the fruits of a truly revolution­ rifying aspect being the fact that the The Public Health Service entered the ary era. Three great human advance­ ugly morning after is not wearing off. picture as early as late in 1953, when it ments will be centered about the State It lingers and seems to get worse. The was invited to participate by the Nation­ of Michigan: the construction of the confusion engendered by the niggardly al Foundation for Infantile Paralysis. St. Lawrence Seaway, which will open the attitude and pronouncements of the De­ On May 13, 1954, Dr. W. G. Workman, heart of America to the seaports of the partment of Health, Education, and Wel­ of the National Institutes of Health Lab­ world; the advent of automation, which fare is indeed a sorry sight. From April oratory of Biologics Control of the Pub­ will radically effect the now major ele­ 12 on to today, no plan, no program, in lic Health Service, attended a conference ment of manufacture, labor; and the first fact, no suggestion or guidance has been where he helped Dr. Salk and members commercial use, for peaceful purposes, forthcoming from the Department of the of the staff of the National Foundation of atomic energy. The responsible use United States Government charged with for Infantile Paralysis explain the step­ of these three great additions to our responsibility over our health and wel­ by-step process of both producing and technical genius will require the leaders fare. Were it not for the fact that lives testing the Salk vaccine to representa­ of our state to weigh judiciously, in the are at stake, time could be relied upon to tives of 11 drug companies. scales of human justice, the inherent correct Mrs. Hobby's folly. Children's Two of the firms represented at the rights of labor along side the revolution­ lives are being endangered if not lost by 1954 meeting, which were licensed on ary methods of manufacture. To achieve each minute of delay. April 12 of this year to manufacture the one, at the expense of the other, will Several bills designed to give President Salk vaccine, have their stock listed on reward us with chaos. I have faith that Eisenhowever standby power to put Fed­ the New York Stock Exchange. On the wisdom that these leaders have dem­ eral control into effect over the price and March 1, 1955, the price of these 2 stocks onstrated in the past will be reflected in distribution of Salk vaccine have been was 23% and 37%, respectively. By their policies of the future. introduced. The first of these was pro­ April 11, before the results of the Fran­ posed on April 18. The chairman of the I'M GLAD I LIVE IN MICHIGAN cis report were made public, these 2 House Banking and Currency Commit­ stocks were selling for 29¥4 and 49%. I sincerely hope that my colleagues tee [Mr. SPENCE] has scheduled and held Perhaps it is mere coincidence. but these will not judge Michiganders as conceited hearings on these measures, which would two prices are about the highs for both when they hear repeated the theme of put the ultimate decision to invoke con­ :firms this year. Michigan week 1955 "I'm glad I live in trol in the hands of the President. The I am proud to say that Dr. Leona Michigan." This expression is not to be Surgeon General has appeared before Baumgartner,· commissioner of the interpreted with a silent "rather than." that committee, suspended and now par- health department in my own New York 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - -HOUSE 6365 City, was preparing last fall for what The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Although I have not, as yet, received Dorothy Kahn in the April 19 issue of the request of the gentleman from Mary­ an answer to my telegram to the Gover­ the Reporter magazine calls one of the land? nor, and regardless of the reason the greatest opportunities in preventive There was no objection. Illinois Public Aid Commission desired to medicine in our time. On October 24, discontinue the handling of. these much 1954, Dr. Baumgartner told the New needed surplus food commodities in York Times that her office was making EXTENSION OF REMARKS these critical labor areas, I am pleased plans to protect as many children as Mrs. SULLIVAN. Mr. Speaker, while to inform the House today that the com­ possible if the vaccine should prove the House was in Committee of the mission has advised me of its willingness effective. Whole, I asked and received unanimous to continue this program, and has also But the Public Health Service of the consent to extend my remarks at that advised that 2 days after my telegram United States says it knew nothing until point in the RECORD. to the Governor the commission "noti­ April 12. Since then, however, the Sur­ I now ask unanimous consent to in­ fied all counties in group IV, critical geon General and Secretary Hobby have clude therewith a statement made before areas of Illinois, that surplus food com­ conferred and conferred and conferred. the Senate Interior Committee in con­ modities would be continued." It is most The only tangible result of their delib­ nection with this matter. gratifying to know that this action has erations thus far has been the entire sus­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection? been taken by the State agency follow­ pension of the inoculation program, There was no objection. ing my telegram to Governor Stratton, now partially restored, and the repeated inasmuch as these people in this de­ statement that no need exists for Fed­ pressed area are badly in need of this eral control or standby authority over SURPLUS FOOD PROGRAM IN Federal assistance. the distribution of the vaccine. ILLINOIS Walter Lippmann, in a brilliant article Mr. MACK of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I published May 10 in the New York Her­ ask unanimous consent to extend my re­ SPECIAL ORDER GRANTED ald Tribune, lucidly set the record marks at this point in the RECORD. Mr. HOLIFIELD asked and was given straight. He wrote: The SPEAKER. Is there objection to permission to address the House on The fact of the matter is that on April 12, the request of the gentleman from Thursday next for 30 minutes, following the responsible authorities went off half­ Illinois? the legislative program of the day and cocked. • • • The inaction of the Federal There was no objection. any special orders heretofore entered. Government was due in some considerable Mr. MACK of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, it degree to theoretical misconceptions, to un­ came to my attention recently that the examined and false notions of the general Illinois Public Aid Commission, the State THE UNIFORM CODE OF MILITARY principles of free enterprise, voluntary co­ JUSTICE SHOULD BE REVIEWED operation, and decentralization-and to the agency who had been handling the dis­ strange prejudice that the only way the Fed­ tribution of surplus food commodities in IMMEDIATELY BY CONGRESS eral Government can assume direction and my district and other Illinois critical The SPEAKER. Under previous order control of anything is to build up a vast labor areas, had indicated its desire to of the House, the gentleman from Penn­ bureaucracy. discontinue this food distribution pro­ sylvania [Mr. VAN ZANDTJ is recognized Certainly it is a good thing to have gram to needy people. Even though no for 10 minutes. differing schools of thought en the ques­ indication was given by the commission Mr. VANZANDT. Mr. Speaker, ever tion of Federal control. Honest differ­ as to why it desired to discontinue this since Congress enacted the Uniform ences of opinion and their open discus­ program, it is entirely possible that it Code of Military Justice, each year as I sion have built this great country. Mrs. was discouraged by the present investi­ take my active duty for training as a Hobby could have helped that process gation now being conducted by the Naval Reserve captain, I am confronted by coming before a committee of the House subcommittee of the Illinois with criticism of the code from officers school lunch program. of all branches of the armed services House and making an attempt to clarify Having been advised by the United the issues, inform the public, and can~ with whom I come in contact. didly express her views as to granting States Department of Agriculture that it As yet I have uot found a single offi­ President Eisenhower the power to de­ had adequate surplus commodities avail­ cer who favors the code in its present cide whether we should have control or able and ready for shipment into this form. depressed area, but that the Department In fact, many officers urged me as a not. of Agriculture could not ship such sur­ I think we must have control now. member of the House Armed Services plus commodities without a request from Committee to interest my colleagues in Too much time has already elapsed. My the proper State agency, I sent the fol­ bill would give the President power to Congress in seeking a careful review of lowing telegram to Governor Stratton the code to the end that it may be sub­ use control or to use voluntary agree­ on May 4 urging immediate action by stantially revised. ments. We can give the President the him so that this program would not be Mr. Speaker, the Uniform Code of Mili­ authority- to take action quickly and discontinued: tary justice made little change in the effectively. Further delay could be dis­ MAY 4, 1955. substance of the criminal law which astrous. I am confident that the House Gov. WILLIAM G. STRATTON, governed the armed services prior to and will take the appropriate and necessary Springfield, Ill.: Investigation by me as to the probable during World War II, but it did make action. discontinuance of distribution of surplus tremendous procedural changes in that food commodities in my district and other law. EXTENSION OF REMARKS Illinois critical labor areas reveals Federal It is in the field of procedure that Government has adequate surplus commodi­ changes are now required. Mr. FOUNTAIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask ties available and ready for shipment into Present procedure imposes a great bur­ unanimous consent to extend my re­ this stricken area. Am further advised by den upon the United States, a burden marks in connection with the bill S. 1006, the Director of the food-distribution pro­ which results in no compensating benefit gram, United States Department of Agricul­ to anyone. and include a report of the committee. ture, that the Illinois Public Aid Commission The SPEAKER. Is there objection to has indicated its desire to discontinue this This burden is a costly one. the request of the gentleman from North distribution. The United States Department It is estimated that the annual cost of Carolina?· of Agriculture cannot ship such food com­ administering the Uniform Code of Mili­ tary Justice in the armed services is at There was ~o objection. modities to Illinois without request from the proper State agency. Inasmuch as group IV, least $158 million. critical labor areas, are in dire need of This estimate includes only those continuance of this assistance program, ur-­ COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC WORKS items of cost which are susceptible to gently request that you take immediate ac­ exact computation, namely, the costs of Mr. FALLON. Mr. Speaker, I ask tion to designate appropriate State agency to continue the administration of this sur­ trial, the costs of operating places of con­ unanimous consent that the Committee plus commodity program in Illinois. Please finement, and the wages paid persons in on Public Works may sit this afternoon wire collect advising action taken by you. confinement. -in executive session during the session . PETER J. MACK, Jr., This sum, $158 million, would provide of the House. Member of Congress. pay and allowances for 90,000 enlisted CI--400 G3G() CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- I-lOUSE May 16 men of the lowest pay grade for a year; · There are never any circumstances More of them go before courts and be­ it would pay for all the gas and oil used under which any court costs are are paid come convicted of Federal offenses. by all Navy and Marine Corps aircraft by an accused; and, unless he wishes to The code is an important Federal for 1 year: it would purchase 930 train­ employ civilian counsel, the Government criminal statute. ing aircraft. will furnish him counsel free, not only Men convicted under it enter the cate­ The burden imposed by the code is for his trial but for the entire appellate gory of those convicted of violations of costly, too, in that it has increased the procedure as well. such Federal statutes as the Lindbergh time spent by personnel of the Navy and Financially speaking, therefore, there Act, the Dyer Act, the Mann Act, and Marine Corps in confinement. is no impediment upon an accused per­ others. Before the code came into effect the son appealing his case all the way, even Actually most military offenders are Navy and Marine Corps confined an if he entered a plea of guilty at his trial. mere juvenile delinquents, mere way­ average of 3.5 persons per thousand. Perhaps the most significant and im­ ward boys guilty in 80 percent of the Now the Navy and Marine Corps con­ portant procedural defect in the uniform cases ·of some form of absenteeism fine an average of 8 persons per thou­ code of military justice lies in the fact which in civilian practice is not a crime sand. that the appellate bodies provided by the at all; and yet the delinquent boy The incidence of confinement has code are in no way protected from frivo­ achieves the role of one convicted of a more than doubled. lous appeals. Federal offense. The burdens which the code places It has been pointed out that there is His commanding officer has no alter­ upon the United States are such as no no fiscal impediment to appeal. native unless he will excuse the offense civilian criminal jurisdiction could tol­ There is no essential impediment, or inflict completely inadequate punis­ erate for any appreciable length of time. either. ment, either of.which will ruin the dis­ For example, no civilian jurisdiction There need be no real cause for appeal. cipline of his command. could operate its criminal code for long A petition to the Court of Military Ap­ For the reasons I have cited, the Uni­ without recourse to bail. peals will come about upon the simple form Code of Military Justice should re­ There is no equivalent for bail in the announcement by an accused that he ceive careful scrutiny during the pres­ criminal code of the armed services. wishes to appeal. ent session of Congress with a view to Military offenders must be confined if He need specify no reason; in fact, he substantial change. they are escape risks. need not have a reason. The feeling in this regard is greatly Most are escape risks because 80 per­ The procedural difficulties previously strengthened by an opinion that the cent of them are guilty of some type of discussed, namely, no bail; multiple code's cumbersome procedures, burden­ absenteeism. mandatory reviews of the record of trial; some and time consuming as they are, Ordinarily civilian criminal codes do a mandatory appeal period; no costs to could not stand the test of mobilization. not require mandatory reviews of the an accused person; and the fact that ap­ The strain of mobilization would re­ record before the sentence can be exe­ pellate bodies are not protected from sult in a breakdown of the code's proc­ cuted. frivolous appeals; combine to place a esses and leave the services with no for­ After conviction by a criminal court burden upon the United States which is mal machinery for the maintenance of a civilian offender may begin to serve unreasonable and harsh and does no one, discipline and good order among its his sentence. not even the accused, any good. members. This is not true in the military prac­ It is a common problem with the serv­ tice. ices to find an accused who wishes to EXTENSION OF REMARKS Before the sentence may be executed have his sentence finally executed but there are certain reviews that must be who cannot be accommodated, although By unanimous consent, permission to accomplished. the Government is willing, because of the extend remarks in the CONGRESSIONAL The record must be reviewed by the procedural requirements which must RECORD, or to revise and extend remarks, officer who convened the court: in most first be satisfied. was granted to: cases there must be a review by a super­ The cost, the wasted time are serious Mr. QUIGLEY and to include extraneous vi.sory authority as well: and in cases burdens imposed by the new code. matter. approaching any degree of severity of However, a more lamentable result of Mr. BoLAND and to include extraneous sentence there must be a review by a the code has been that although it was matter. board of review in the_Office of the Judge designed to make things easier or fairer Mr. O'HARA of Illinois and to include Advocate General of the service con­ for accused persons, its net effect has extraneous matter. cerned. been to make Federal criminal offenders Mr. ENGLE and to include extraneous Superimposed upon all of these man­ of many young men who, but for the matter. datory reviews there is a 30-day appeal code, would have had their cases dis­ Mr. JoHNSON of Wisconsin in two in­ period during which an accused person posed of by a commanding officer and stances and to include extraneous may file a petition for a review by the would thus have avoided a record of matter. United States Court of Military Appeals. conviction by court-martial. Mr. SILER and to include extraneous · This period must be allowed to elapse The Uniform Code of Military Justice matter. in appropriate cases before the sentence is said to apply adversary proceedings to Mr. JoNAS and to include extraneous may be executed. the trials of persons for crimes in the matter. During the time consumed in making armed services. Mr. DoLLIVER and include an article on mandatory reviews of the record and It surely does this. Iowa manufactures. during the mandatory appeal period the Its adversary proceedings have re­ Mrs. ST. GEORGE. United States must keep its military placed for the Navy and Marine Corps Mr. FJARE. prisoners confined. the procedures under the Articles for the Mr. RooNEY (at the request of Mr. There is no bail. Government of the Navy which are often McCoRMACK). However, the sentence of confinement, described as paternal procedures. Mr. BoYLE in two instances and to if any, against an accused person begins A paternal procedure for administer­ include extraneous material. to run from the date he is sentenced by ing discipline is not a bad system. Mr. FEIGHAN. the court. In replacing the Navy's and the Ma­ Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey (at the This, of course, is fair and should re- rine Corps' paternal systems with the request of Mr. ENGLE) and to include main in effect. adversary system of the uniform code, extraneous matter. Ordinarily in a civilian criminal prac­ the powers of commanding officers to Mr. SISK regarding the farm program. tice, it will cost an accused person some­ dispose of cases of infraction of disci­ thing if he wishes to appeal. pline without reference to a court were There are likely to be costs of court greatly reduced. SENATE BILLS, JOINT RESOLUTIONS, for him to pay. and he will in most in­ This has inevitably resulted in more AND CONCURRENT RESOLUTIONS stances be faced with the necessity of punishment by court-martial in cases REFERRED employing a lawyer. which in the past would have been han­ Bills, a joint resolution, and concur­ These costs will not be encountered by dled by the commanding officer himself. rent resolutions of the Senate of the fol­ a military offender. The men have suffered. lowing titles were taken from the Speak- 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 6367 er's table and, under the rule, referred as H. R. 1009. An act for the relief of Willlam EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. Ligh; follows: H. R . 1020. An act for the relief of Boris Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, executive s. 88. An act for the relief of Maximilian Ivanovitch Oblesow; communications were taken from the K arl Manjura; to the Committee on the H. R. 1048. An act for the relief of Chris­ Speaker's table and referred as follows: Judiciary. tine Susan Caiado; 795. A letter from the Secretary of the S. 430. An act for the relief of Hedwig Ma­ H . R. 1130. An act for the relief of Mrs. Treasury, transmitting the annual report of rie Zaunmuller; to the Committee on the Anita Scavone; the Secretary of the Treasury on the state Judiciary. · H. R. 1166. An act for the relief of Florence of the finances for the fiscal year ended June s. 502. An act for the relief of Elsa Led­ Meister; 30, 1954 (H. Doc. No. 3); to the Committee erer; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 1177. An act for the relief of Zbigniew on Ways and Means and ordered to be S. 715. Ari act for the relief of Toy Lin Wolynski; printed with illustrations. Chen; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H . R . 1192. An act for the relief of Angelita 796. A letter from the Comptroller General S. 892. An act for the relief of Jose Perez Haberer; of the United States, transmitting a report Gomez; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 1196. An act for the relief of Li Chiu on the audit of the Panama Canal Company s. 1035. An act for the relief of Ambrose Fu and wife, Leung Sue Wa; and Canal Zone Government for the year Anthony Fox; to the Committee on the Ju­ . H. R. 1203. An act for the relief of Ivan ended June 30, 1954, pursuant to the Gov­ diciary. Bruno Lomm, also known as Ivan B. John­ ernment Corporation Control Act (31 U.S. C. S. 1483. An act for the relief of Irfan Ka­ son; 841), the Budget and Accounting Act, 1921 war; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 1220. An act for the relief of Kleonilti (31 U. S. C. 53), and the Accounting and S. 1513. An act for the relief of Kosmas Argendeli; Auditing Act of 1950 (31 U. S. C. 67) (H. Doc. Vassilios Fournarakis; to the Committee on H. R. 1346. An act for the relief of Mrs. No. 160); to the Committee on Government the Judiciary. Anatoly Batenko and Vladimir Batenko; Operations and ordered to be printed. S. 1517. An act for the relief of Rosita A H. R . 1351. An act for the relief of Mrs. 797. A letter from the Administrator, Fed­ Jocson; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Lottie Longo (formerly Lottie Guetler); eral Civil Defense Administration, transmit­ S. 1521. An act for the relief of Garabed H. R. 1490. An act for the relief of Sty­ ting the quarterly report of property acquisi­ Papazian; to the Committee on the Judi­ lianos Haralambidis; tions for the quarter ending March 31, 1955, ciary. H . R. 1501. An act for the relief of An­ pursuant to subsection 201 (h) of the Fed­ S. 1581. An act for the relief of Constan­ drea Hernandes Montes Rocha; eral Civil Defense Act of 1950; to the Com­ tinos Pantermalis; to the Committee on the H. R. 1502. An act for the relief of Elisa­ mittee on Armed Services. Judiciary. beth Thalhammer and her child, Harold Wil­ 798. A letter from the Administrator, Fed­ S. 1645. An act to provide for extension of liam Bushman III; eral Civil Defense Administration, transmit­ mortgage purchase contracts of the Federal H. R. 1511. An act for the relief of Robert ting the quarterly report of contributions National Mortgage Association; to the Com­ George Bulldeath and Lenora Patricia Bull­ for the quarter ending March 31, 1955, pur­ mittee on Banking and Currency. death; suant to subsection 201 (i) of the Federal S. 1654. An act for the relief of Eliseu H. R. 1638. An act ·for the relief of Janis Civil Defense Act of 1950; to the Committee Joaquim Boa; to the Committee on the Ju­ Arvids Reinfelds; on Armed Services. diciary. H. R. 1645. An act for the relief of Regina 799. A letter from the President, Board of S. J. Res. 51. Joint resolution extending an Commissioners, District of Columbia, trans­ invitation to the International Olympic Berg Vomberg and her children, Wilma a.nd Helga Vomberg; mitting a draft of proposed legislation en­ Committee to hold the 1960 winter Olympic titled "A bill to amend section 7 of 'An act games at Squaw Valley, Calif.; to the Com­ H. R. 1665. An act for the relief of David ·Manuel Porter; making appropriations to provide for the mittee on Foreign Affairs. government of the District of Columbia for S. Con. Res. 31. Concurrent resolution au­ H. R. 1679. An act for the relief of Marek S. Korowicz; the fiscal year ending June 30, 1903, and thorizing the printing of additional copies of for other purposes,' approved July 1, 1902, certain hearings and reports on juvenile H. R. 1885. An act for the relief of Orlando Lucarini; as amended"; to the Committee on the Dis­ delinquency for the use of the Committee on trict of Columbia. the Judiciary; to the Committee on House H. R. 1957. An act for the relief of Namiko 800. A letter from the President, Board of Administration. Nitoh and her child, George F. X. Nitoh; Commissioners, District of Columbia, trans­ S. Con. Res. 33. Concurrent resolution with­ H. R. 2087. An act for the relief of Erika mitting a draft of proposed legislation en­ drawing suspension of deportation of Ber­ Rambauske; titled "A bill to provide full and fair dis­ nardino Canares Scala; to the Committee H. R. 2261. An act for the relief of Giu­ closure of the character of charitable, on the Judiciary. seppe Carollo; benevolent, patriotic, or other solicitations H. R. 2276. An act for the relief of Vida in the District of Columbia, and for other Kosnik; purposes"; to the Committee on the District ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED H. R. 2279. An act for the relief of Sister of Columbia. Mr. BURLESON, from the Committee Mary Berarda.; 801. A letter from the executive secretary, on House Administration, reported that H. R. 2289. An act for the relief of Mrs. the American Society of International Law, that committee had examined and found Marjorie Fligor (nee Sproul); transmitting the annual audit of the Ameri­ truly enrolled bills of the House of the H . R. 2346. An act for the relief of John P. can Society of International Law by a cer­ Farrar; tified public accountant for the year ended following titles, which were thereupon December 31, 1954, pursuant to section 9 of signed by the Speaker: · H. R. 2348. An act for the relief of Theo­ dora Sammartino; the act of September 20, 1950 ( 64 Stat. 869) ; H. R. 872. An act for the relief of Mrs. H. R. 2354. An act for the relief of Basil to the Committee on the Judiciary. Concetta Saccatti Salliani; Theodossiou; 802. A letter from the Assistant Secretary H. R . 876. An act for the relief of Alberto of the Interior, transmitting a draft of pro­ Dal Bello and Mrs. Dina Bristot Dal Bello; H. R. 2361. An act for the relief of Eliza­ posed legislation entitled "A bill to amend H. R . 881. An act for the relief of Gariella beth Ann Giampietro; title 18, entitled 'Crimes and Criminal Pro­ Sardo; H . R. 2762. An act for the relief of Bent cedure,' of the United States Code, to provide H. R. 886. An act for the relief of Mrs. Petersen; a criminal sanction for the embezzlement or Mounira E. Medlej; H. R . 2731. An act for the relief of Sing theft of the property of Indian tribal organ­ H. R. 888. An act for the relief of Mrs. Elsa Fang York; izations"; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Danes; H. R. 2764. An act for the relief of Victor 803 .-A letter from the Acting Secretary H. R. 890. An act for the relief of Eliseo and Irene-Wanda Goldstein; of Commerce, transmitting a report pertain­ Felix Hernandez; H. R. 2941. An act for the relief of Mrs. ing to war-risk insurance and certain marine H. R. 911. An act for the relief of Gloria Elfriede Majka Grifasi; and liability insurance for the American pub­ Minoza Medellin; H. R. 2954. An act for the relief of Mrs. lic for the period as of March 31, 1955, pur­ H. R. 921. An act for the relief of Chia­ Irene Emma Anderson; and suant to Public Law 763, 81st Congress; to Tseng Chen; H. R. 4043. An act for the relief of Rene the Committee on Merchant Marine and H . R. 923. An act for the relief of Dr. Da­ Rachell Luyse Kubicek. Fisheries. nuta Oktawiec; 804. A communication from the President H. R. 924. An act for the relief of Joseph of the United States, transmitting a proposed Marrali; supplemental appropriation for the fiscal year H . R. 958. An act for the relief of Howard ADJOURNMENT 1956 in the amount of $3,700,000 for the De­ Carl Kaiser; Mr. ROGERS of Colorado. Mr. partment of the Interior, in the form of an H. R. 971. An act for the relief of Mrs. Erato Speaker, I move that the House do now amendment to the budget for said fiscal year Aranopoulou;. adjourn. (H. Doc. No. 161) ; to the Committee on Ap­ H. R. 976. An act for the relief of Mrs. Fran­ propriations and ordered to be printed. ciska Mihalka; The motion was agreed to; according­ 805. A letter from the Chairman, Commis­ H. R. 984. An act for the relief of Dr. Ly­ ly (at 1 o'clock and 47 minutes p. m .) sion on Organization of the Executive Branch courgos E. Papadakis; the House adjourned until tomorrow, of the Government, transmitting a report H . R . 1008. An act for the relief of Alexan­ Tuesday, May 17, 1955, at 12 o'clock on business enterprises, pursuant to section d er Turchaninova; noon. 1 (5) of Public Law 108, 83d Congress (H. Doc. 6368 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE May 16 No. 162); to the Committee on Government tennial of the admission of the State of By Mrs. GREEN of Oregon: Operations and ordered to be printed. Minnesota into the Union; to the Commit­ H. R. 6257. A bill to terminate the prohibi­ 806. A letter from the Secretary, Depart­ tee on Banking and Currency. tion against employment of Mongolian labor ment of Health, Education, and Welfare, By Mr. BARTLETT: in the construction of reclamation projects; transmitting a draft of proposed legislation H. R. 6241. A bill to amend the Organic to the Committee on Interior and Insular entitled "A bill to provide grants to assist Act of Alaska so as to provide for a 30-day Affairs. states in assuring that no child is deprived session of the legislature in each even­ By Mr. HARRIS: of an opportunity for immunization against numbered year; to the Committee on In­ H. R. 6258. A bill to establish a domestic poliomyelitis because of inability to pay the terior and Insular Affairs. relations branch in the municipal court for costs of vaccination, and for other purposes" ; H. R. 6242. A bill to grant school lands in the District of Columbia, and for other pur­ to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Alaska to the Territory of Alaska; to the poses; to the Committee on the District of Commerce. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Columbia. By Mr. BONNER: H. R. 6259. A bill to amend section 8 of the H. R. 6243. A bill authorizing the construc­ act entitled "An act to establish a District REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUB­ tion of a nuclear-powered merchant ship to of Columbia Armory Board, and for other LIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS promote the peacetime application of atomic purposes," approved June 4, 1948; to the Under clause 2 of rule XIII, pursuant energy, and for other purposes; to the Com­ Committee on the District of Columbia. to the order of the House of May 12, mittee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. H. R. 6260. A bill to amend the Federal Air­ H. R. 6244. A bill to amend section 3 of port Act, as amended; to the Committee on 1955, the following bill was reported on the act of April 25, 1940 (54 Stat. 164), re­ Interstate and Foreign Commerce. May 13, 1955: lating to the lights required to be carried By Mr. HUDDLESTON: Mr. RABAUT: Committee on Appropria­ by motorboats; to the Committee on Mer­ H. R. 6261. A bill to allow certain members tions. H. R. 6239. A bill making appropria­ chant Marine and Fisheries. of the Armed Forces to designate the Eastern tions for the government of the Distr~ct of H. R. 6245. A bill to authorize the Panama Orthodox faith as a religious preference on Columbia and other activities chargeable in Canal Company to convey to the Department their identification tags; to the Committee whole or in part against the revenues of of State an improved site in Colon, Republic on Armed Services. said District for the fiscal year ending June of Panama; to the Committee on Merchant By Mr. HYDE: 30, 1956, and for other purposes; without Marine and Fisheries. H. R. 6262. A bill to fix and regulate the amendment (Rept. No. 589). Referred to H. R. 6246. A bill to amend section 4153 salaries of teachers, school officers, and other the Committee of the Whole House on the of the Revised Statutes, as amended, to au­ employees of the Board of Education of the State of the Union. thorize more liberal propelling power al­ District of Columbia, and for other purposes; [Submitted May 16, 1955] lowances in computing the net tonnages of to th• Committee on the District of Co­ certain vessels; to the Committee on Mer­ lumbia. Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports chant Marine and Fisheries. By Mr. KEAN: of committees were delivered to the By Mr. CELLER: H. R. 6263. A bill to amend section 1233 of Clerk for printing and reference to the H . R . 6247. A bill to amend subdivision (a) the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 and sec­ proper calendar, as follows: of section 66--unclaimed moneys--of the tion 117 (1) of the Internal Revenue Code of Mr. WHI'ITEN: Committee of conference. Bankruptcy Act, as amended, and to repeal 1939; to the Committee on Ways and Means. H. R. 5239. A bill making appropriations for subdivision (b) of section 66 of the Bank­ By Mr. KEOGH: the Department of Agriculture and Farm ruptcy Act, as amended; to the Committee H. R. 6264. A bill to amend the Internal Credit Administration for the fiscal year on the Judiciary. Revenue Code of 1954 to provide a special ending June 30, 1956, and for other pur­ H. R. 6248. A bill to provide for the main­ method of taxation for real-estate invest­ poses (Rept. No. 590). Ordered to be tenance of a roster of retired judges avaHable ment trusts; to the Committee on Ways and printed. for special judicial duty and for their assign­ Means. Mr. HARRIS: Committee on Interstate ment to such duty by the Chief Justice of the By Mrs. KNUTSON: and Foreign Commerce. Report pursuant United States; to the Committee on the H. R. 6265. A bill to authorize the coinage to section 136 of the Reorganization Act of Judiciary. of 50-cent pieces to commemorate the cen­ 1946 regarding an investigation of the de­ H. R. 6249. A bill to amend title 28, United tennial of the admission of the State of velopment of the common system of air States Code, with respect to duties of judges Minnesota into the Union; to the Commit­ navigation and traffic control (Rept. No. of the United States Court of Claims; to the tee on Banking and Currency. 592). Referred to the Committee of Whole Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. McCARTHY: H. R. 6266. A bill to authorize the coinage House on the State of the Union. H. R. 6250. A bill to provide for a jury commission for each United States district of 50-cent pieces to commemorate the cen­ tennial of the admission of the State of court, to regulate its compensation, to pre­ Minnesota into the Union; to the Committee REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PRI­ scribe its duties, and for other purposes; to the Committee on the Judiciary. on Banking and Currency. VATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS By Mr. MARSHALL: Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of H . R. 6251. A bill to amend subdivision (b) H. R. 6267. A bill to authorize the coinage committees were delivered to the Clerk of section 14--discharges, when granted--of of 50-cent pieces to commemorate the cen­ the Bankruptcy Act as amended, and sub­ tennial of the admission of the State of for printing and reference to the proper division (b) of section 58-notices-of the calendar, as follows: Minnesota into the Union; to the Committee Bankruptcy Act as amended; to the Com­ on Banking and Currency. Mr. ENGLE: Committee on Interior and mittee on the Judiciary. By Mr. METCALF: Insular Affairs. H. R. 4853. A bill to author­ H. R. 6252. A bill to establish uniform H. R. 6268. A bill to facilitate the construc­ ize the sale of certain land in Alaska to the qualifications for jurors in the Federal courts; tion of drainage works and other minor items Pacific Northern Timber Co.; with amend­ to the Committee on the Judiciary. on Federal reclamation and like projects; to ment (Rept. No. 591). Referred to t.he By Mr. DENTON: the Committee on Interior and Insular Af­ Committee of the Whole House. H. R. 6253. A bill to provide for an annual fairs. audit of the accounts of the White County By Mr. O'HARA of Minnesota: Bridge Commission; to the Committee on PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H. R. 6269. A bill to authorize the coinage Public Works. of 50-cent pieces to commemorate the cen­ Under clause 4 of rule XXII, pursuant By Mr. ENGLE: tennial of the admission of the State of to the order of the House of May 12, H. R. 6254. A bill to implement section 25 Minnesota into the Union; to the Committee 1955, the following bill was introduced (b) of the Organic Act of Guam by carrying on Banking and Currency. on May 13, 1955: out the recommendations of the Commission By Mr. OSTERTAG: on the Application of Federal Laws to Guam, H. R. 6270. A bill to extend coverage under By Mr. RABAUT: and for other purposes; to the Committee the Federal old-age and survivors insurance H. R. 6239. A bill making appropriations on Interior and Insular Affairs. system to individuals engaged in the practice for the government of the District of Co­ By Mr. FINO: of dentistry; to the Committee on Ways and lumbia and other activities cha.rgeable in H. R. 6255. A bill to amend the Civil Serv­ Means. whole or in part against the revenues of said ice Retirement Act of May 29, 1930, as By Mr. PELLY: District for the fiscal year ending June 30, amended, to increase the annuities of pres­ H . R. 6271. A bill providing relief against 1956, and for other purposes; to the Com­ ent and future annuitants; to the Commit­ certain forms of discrimination in interstate mittee on Appropriations. tee on Post Office and Civil Service. transportation; to the Committee on Inter­ [Introduced and referred May 16, 1955] By Mr. GEORGE: state and Foreign Commerce. Under clause 4 of rule XXII, public H. R. 6256. A bill granting the consent of By Mr. REUSS: Congress to the States of Kansas and Okla­ H . R. 6272. A bill to amend the United bills and resolutions were introduced and homa, to negotiate and enter into a compact States Housing Act of 1937 to provide a pref­ severally referred as follows: relating to their interests in, and the appor­ erence for elderly couples in determining By Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN: tionment of, the waters of the Arkansas River eligibility for admission to low-rent housing H. R. 6240. A bill to authorize the coinage and its tributaries as they affect such States; projects; to the Committee on Banking and of 50-cent pieces to commemorate the cen- to the Committee on Public Works. Currency. 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE 6369 By Mr. TEAGUE of California: Commission to fix the rate of natural gas dent and the Congress of the United States H. R. 6273. A bill to amend the Civil Serv­ shipped in interstate commerce; to the Com­ to appropriate funds for tlle relief of the ice Retirement Act of May 29, 1930, as mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. next of kin of Kiichi Kida and Kiho Uye­ amended; to the Committee on Post Office By Mr. JUDD: Memorial of the legislature hara; to the Committee on the Judiciary. and Civil Service. of Minnesota requesting issuance of coins By Mr. TEAGUE of Texas: · commemorating the centennial of the admis­ H. R. 6274. A bill to provide that no fee sion of the State of Minnesota into the PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS shall be charged a veteran for furnishing Union; to the Committee on Banking and Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private him a copy of his discharge or a copy of his Currency. bills and resolutions were introduced certificate of service; to the Committee on By the SPEAKER: Memorial of the Legis­ and severally referred as follows: Armed Services. lature of the State of California, memorializ­ By Mr. TEAGUE of Texas (by request): ing the President and ~he Congress of the By Mr. BOGGS: H. R. 6275. A bill to amend the District of United States relative to flood control in H. R. 6279. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Columbia Income and Franchise Tax Act of San Bernardino County, Calif.; to the Com­ Bertha K. Martensen; to the Committee on 1947 to provide that gifts to certain religious, mittee on Appropriations. the Judiciary. charitable, and other organizations shall not Also, memorial of the Legislature of the By Mr. JUDD: be deemed nondeductible because of activ­ State of California, memorializing the Presi­ H. R. 6280. A bill for the relief of Ernest ities carried on outside the District of Co­ dent and the Congress of the United States Tung; to the Committee on the Judiciary. lumbia; to the Committee on the District relative to the protection of the public By Mr. LANE: of Columbia. health and safety from the hazards of peace­ H. R. 6281. A bill for the relief of Capt. By Mr. TOLLEFSON: time use of ionizing radiation and byproduct William S. Ahalt, and others; to the Com­ H. R. 6276. A bill authorizing the construc­ material; to the Joint Committee on Atomic mittee on the Judi.ciary. tion of a nuclear-powered merchant ship to Energy. H. R. 6282. A bill for the relief of Nathan promote the peacetime application of atomic Also, memorial of the Legislature of the L. Garner; to the Committee on the Judi­ ·energy, and for other purposes; to the Com­ State of Massachusetts, memorializing the ciary. mittee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. President and the Congress of the United By Mr. McCORMACK: By Mr. VINSON: States to oppose legislation to remove the H. R. 6283. A bill for the relief of Joseph J. H. R. 6277. A bill to amend subsection power of the Federal Power Commission to Tierney; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 303 (c) of the Career Compensation Act of fix the rate of natural gas shipped in inter­ By Mr. POWELL: 1949 relating to transportation and storage state commerce; to the Committee on Inter­ H. R. 6284. A bill for the relief of Emilio of household goods of military personnel o~ state and Foreign Commerce. Poglianich; to the Committee on the Judi­ permanent change of station; to the Com­ Also, memorial of the Legislature of the ciary. mittee on Armed Services. Territory of Hawaii, memorializ.ing the Presi­ By Mr. STEED: H. R. 6278. A bill to authorize the convey­ dent and the Congress of the United States H. R. 6285. A bill for the relief of Mr. and ance for public purposes of certain lands in to amend the Agricultural AdJustment Act Mrs. Andrej (Avram) Gottlieb; to the Com­ the State of Georgia; to the Committee on of 1938, as amended, to include coffee under mittee on the Judiciary. Agriculture. the parity payment program; to the Com· By Mr. DENTON: mittee on Agriculture. PETITIONS, ETC. H. Res. 244. Resolution creating a select Also, memorial of the Legislature of the committee to conduct an investigation and Territory of Hawaii, memorializing the Presi­ Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions study of the financial position of the White dent and the Congress of the United States and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk County Bridge Commission; to the Commit­ to provide continued reimbursement to the and referred as follows: tee on Rules. Territory of Hawaii for the care and treat­ 263. By Mr. HOEVEN: Petition of 66 rail­ By Mr. HALEY: ment of Hansen's disease patients in Ha­ road employees of Sioux City, Iowa, mem­ H. Res. 245. Resolution requesting the Sec­ waii; to tlle Committee on Appropriations. bers of the Railroad Employees Clubs of retary of the Interior to furnish to the House Also, memorial of the Legislature of the America, Inc., urging enactment of legis­ of Representatives certain information with Territory of Hawaii, memorializing the Presi­ lation to amend the Railroad Retirement respect to Antarctica; to tbe Committee on dent and the Congress of the United States Act with respect to retirement age and years Interior and Insular Affairs. to enact a tariff on fresh, frozen, and un­ of service; to the Committee on Interstate processed fish, and to devote the proceeds and Foreign Commerce. to research; to the Committee on Ways and 264. By Mr. WILLIAMS of New York: Peti· MEMORIALS Means. tion of citizens of Ilion, N.Y., favoring H. R. Under clause 4 of rule XXII,· memo.,. Also, memorial of the Legislature of the 4627; to the Committee on Interstate and Territory of Hawaii, memorializing the Presi­ Foreign Commerce. rials were presented and referred as dent and the Congress of the United States 265. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the follows: to appropriate funds for the relief of Mrs. president, Holy Name Society, St. Jerome's By Mr. HESELTON: Resolutions of the Ryo Yokoyama and tlle next of kin of Kaichi Church, Brooklyn, N. Y., petitioning consid­ House of Representatives, Commonwealth of Okada and Mataichi Ogawa; to the Commit­ eration of their resolution with reference to Massachusetts, memorializing the Congress tee on the Judiciary. expressing support of the proposed Bricker of the United States to oppose legislation Also, memorial of the Legislature of the amendment to the Federal Constitution; to to remove the power of the Federal Power Territory of Hawaii, memorializing the Presi- the Committee on the Judiciary.

EXTENSIONS OF. REMARKS

The Administration's Proposals for Cui· win the cold war. General Sarnoff, in I have introduced several bills in this a memorandum presented to the Presi­ Congress which are designed to enhance tural Interchange To Meet the Chal· dent on April 5 urged that an amount the cultural and artistic prestige of our lenge of Communism equivalent to 5 or 7¥2 percent of military country for I am convinced that this is defense appropriations be granted to a as important as any of the "guns and EXTENSION OF REMARKS strategy board for political defense. butter" programs which we support. OF This, of course, without reducing the One of the major ways in which we military budget and not counting foreign might turn reluctant and uneasy allies HON. FRANK THOMPSON, JR. military aid and point 4 types of expend­ and the millions of uncommitted peoples OF NEW JERSEY iture. General Sarnoff said: into friends is to earn their respect for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I am convinced that if the American people our own culture. It is obvious, however, Monday, May 16, 1955 and their Congress are made fully aware of that if we have no respect for, and are the menace we face, of the urgent need for Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey. Mr. officially indifferent to, our own best cul­ meeting it, and the possibility of doing so by tural efforts, if we show no concern as a Speaker, in recent weeks both William means short of war, they will respond wil­ Randolph Hearst, Jr., and Brig. Gen. people and as a nation with our own lingly as they have always done in times of contemporary culture and our living David Sarnoff have made important pro­ national crisis. They will realize that no posals for winning the cold war, and investment to win the cold war is exorbitant artists, then the peoples of other coun­ Senator LYNDON B. JOHNSON, Democratic when measured against the stakes involved, tries are hardly to be blamed if they ig­ leader of the Senate, has called for the and against the costs of the bombing war nor.e and are indifferent to the cultural greatest political offensive in history to we seek to head off·. contributions which we have to give the 6370 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE May 16 peoples of the world. We have only our­ which discuss the administration's pro­ Health, Education, and Welfare, to advise selves to blame, for they take their cue posals and the other bills before this the Federal Government on ways to encour­ is age artistic and cultural endeavor and from our own Federal Government. In Congress. Also included an article appreciation." this situation the Communist Parties in from the Chicago American, by David These sentiments alone, formulated by an the various countries and the U.S.S.R. Sentner, chief of the Washington bureau eminence in our political hierarchy, indi­ find it extremely easy to spread their lies of the Hearst newspapers. cate that the Government has seriously be­ that we are gum-chewing, insensitive, [From the New York Herald Tribune of gun to concern itself with an enterprise materialistic barbarians. May 15, 1955] previously left pretty much to its own totter­ In the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD of April OUR CONGRESS CoPES WITH CULTURE ing devices. And as if this healthy sign were not enough, the current issue of the 19, 1955, Senator ALEXANDER WILEY, (By Jay S. Harrison) CoNGRESSIONAL RECORD, published May 9, con­ ranking minority member of the Senate The traditional lethargy that inevitably tains a lively debate on the construction, in Foreign Relations Committee, has this smothers the question of governmental as­ Washington, of a civic auditorium "including to say: sistance to American artists and art has re­ an Inaugural Hall of Presidents and a music, Mr. President, I have been pleased to note cently been dealt a decisive jolt. Though fine arts, and mass communications center." the increasing evidences of America's they have achieved no especial notoriety, sev­ Holding to the view that such a hall is neces­ counteroffensive against the worldwide So­ eral bills, motions, ·and suggestions have in sary to insure that the District of Columbia viet cultural propaganda effort. That Soviet the last month been discussed in Washington become an authentic cultural capital, Rep­ effort is two-pronged. It is (a) designed to that point to a renewed interest on the part resentative FRANK THOMPSON, JR., Democrat, defame American culture as allegedly "crass" of our lawmakers in the forces and functions of New Jersey-who, incidentally, has intro­ and "materialistic"; and (b) it is designed of culture. In fact, they are so many and duced several excellent bills similar to Rep­ to paint a rosy picture of what is actually their stipulations so elaborate that only a resentative WAINRIGHT's-has this to say: the barren and enslaved so-called culture of few, at best, can be summarized here. "One of the major ways in which we might the U. S. S. R. On April 20 Representative STUYVESANT turn reluctant and uneasy allies and the mil­ I am glad to say that an invaluable in­ WAINWRIGHT, Republican, of New York, in­ lions o! uncommitted peoples into friends strument in our own accurate worldwide troduced a bill, thereafter referred to the is to earn their respect for our own culture. -cultural effort is the American National Committee on Education and Labor, which It is obvious, however, that if we have no Theater and Academy, which was wisely was designed to "provide for the establish­ respect for, and are officially indifferent to, chartered by the Congress under a bill signed ment of a Federal Advisory Commission on our own best cultural efforts, if we show no by the President of the United States as far the Arts, and for other purposes." In part, it concern as a people and as a Nation with back as July 5, 1935. stated: our own contemporary culture and our living "(A) That the growth and flourishing of artists, then the peoples of other countries General Sarnoff states that: the arts depend upon freedom, imagination, are ·hardly to be blamed if they ignore and Before essaying a breakdown of cold-war and individual initiative." are indifferent to the cultural contributions methods and techniques, we should recog­ VITAL TO GENERAL WELFARE which we have to give the peoples of the nize that many of them are already being world. used, and often effectively. Nothing now "(B) That the encouragement of creative "The fine arts are a unifying force, as underway needs to be abandoned. The prob­ activity in the performance and practice of Washington and Jefferson knew, and they are lem is one of attaining the requisite magni­ the arts, and of a widespread participation especially important to us now when our tude, financing, coordination, and continu­ m and appreciation of the arts, is essential country is assailed from within and from ity-all geared to the long-range objectives to the general welfare and the national in­ without by divisive and undemocratic forces o! the undertaking. The expanded offensive terest; and from the right and from the left." ·with nonmilitary weapons must be imbued "(C) That the encouragement of the arts, while primarily a matter for private and local These, clearly, are the words of an en­ with a new awareness of the great goal and lightened man. They reflect a judgment a robust will to reach it. initiative, is an appropriate matter of con­ cern to the United States Government." that knows art, understands what its powers are. And Representative THOMPSON's is no Having thus lucidly established its prem­ As early. as 1948 John Foster Dulles voice crying in the wilderness. Given time, wrote that: Ise, the measure declares in the second sec­ tion: one suspects he will be joined by a hale We need an organization to contest the chorus of supporters sharing his goals and Communist Party at the level where it is "There is hereby established in the Depart­ supplementing his ideals. working and winning its victories. • • • ment of Health, Education, and Welfare a We ought to have an organization dedicated Federal Advisory Commission on the Arts. • • • The Commission shall be composed of [From the Washington Post and Times Her­ to the task of nonmilitary defense, just as ald of May 16, 1955) the present Secretary of Defense heads up 21 members, appointed by the President, the organization of military defense. The from among private citizens of the United FOR AN ARTS COMMISSION new department of nonmilitary defense States who are widely recognized for their knowledge of or experience in, or for their The hope of a civic auditorium and fine­ should have an adequate personnel and arts center for Washington was pushed a ample funds. profound interest in, one of more of the arts." tiny ste:£> forward last week with House pas­ STUDIES OUTLINED sage of a bill creating a Commission to form Perhaps the most important of the plans for such a project. Planning is an in­ bills I have introduced in the present And as to the bill's meaning, the follow­ dispensable preliminary. But the Federal Congress is H. RA 5040 wbich was re­ ing explanation is made in section 3: Advisory Comm1ssion on -the Arts urged by ferred to the Committee on Educa -~ion "The Commission shall undertake studies President Eisenhower in his state of the and Labor of the House of Representa­ of, and make recommendations to, appropri­ Union message last January is still a radiant tives. A subcommittee has just been ate methods • • • for encouragement of but remote vision. Representative STUYVE­ established to consider the administra­ creative activity in the performance and SANT WAINWRIGHT, a Republican, has intro­ tion's bill to establish a Federal Advisory practice of the arts and of participation in duced a bill drafted by the Department of and appreciation of the arts. Such studies Health, Education, and Welfare which em­ Commission on the Arts within the De­ shall be conducted by special committees of bOdies the President's ideas in this connec­ partment of Health, Education, and Wel­ persons, expert in the field of art involved, tion. Its merit is attested by Representative fare, and the other bills before the com­ appointed by the Secretary after consulta­ F'RANK. THOMPSON, a Democrat, who some mittee which provide for a program of tion with the Commission." time ago made a rather more comprehensive cultural interchange with foreign coun­ The remainder of H. R. 5756, for so the bill proposal for an arts commission plus an audi­ tries to meet the challenge of competi­ is numbered, devotes itself to the implemen­ torium and art center for the Nation's Capi­ tive coexistence with communism. The tation necessary to setting the Federal Ad­ tal. chairman of the subcommittee is the visory Committee on the Arts on a footing The President was right when he said in sound and firm. his state of the Union message that "in the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. KEL­ The administration's bill, H. R. 5756, was advancement of the various activities which LEYL With the growing recognition of further accompanied by an excerpt from the will make our civilization endure and flour­ the importance of these proposals and President's state of the Unio.n message de­ ish, the Federal Government should do more the challenging plans of Mr. Hearst and livered to the Congress under date of Janu­ to give official recognition to the importance Mr. Sarnoff before us it is high time that ary 6, 1955: of the arts and other cultural activities." hearings were held and that meritorious "In the advancement of the various activ­ We believe that governmental encourage­ legislation be reported to the floor for ities which would make our civilization en­ ment and stimulation-something altogether consideration by this Congress. dure and flourish, the Federal Government different from the regimentation and con­ should do more to give official recognition trol characteristics of totalitarian states­ I include here editorials from the to the importance of the arts and other cul­ can give great impetus to the arts. And we New York Herald Tribune, the Wash­ tural activities. I shall recommend the es­ heartily agree with Secretary Hobby's obser­ ington Pakistan. I do hope many Members of grams have not solved the many prob­ contracting would have to be termi- this body will give much thoughtful lems facing the dairy farmers of the nated by about December .of this year to consideration to the desirability for this Nation. In fact, some elements of the permit completion of the work under the type of legislation during these days of general farm program not related to contract and final reporting of the re- unemployment in our great coal industry. dairy farming actually impose new prob­ suits and conclusions by the deadline of ~f we encourage Venezuela by permit­ ~ems for dairy farmers and the dairy July 1957. mg that country to ship unlimited quan- mdustry. I refer specifically to the Unless the program is extended, it tities of residual ,oil into America to problem of diverted acres from other would be terminated just at a time when compete with our domestic coal indus­ types of farming. It appears that in the the need for advance research and de- try, then we ought to encourage our past the diverted acres have been tem­ velopment of the most promising pro- own unemployed coal miners by enacting porarily turned into use for dairying. cesses is expected to be paramount. Up legislation authorizing the processing of This, of course, intensifies the problems until now, most of the research and de- surplus grains into flour for biscuits and of farmers normally and regularly en­ velopment on processes has been on a into meal for corn dodgers for the gaged in dairy farming. relatively small-scale laboratory basis. worthy families of some of the best Under leave to revise and extend my Much of this exploratory research needs Americans this side of Paradise the min­ remarks, I wish to insert in the RECORD to be continued; however, in addition a ing people of southeastern Kentucky and an editorial from the May 7, 1955, issue few processes have shown. sufficient of .other sections of our coal-mining 'Of . the Wisconsin Agriculturist and promise to warrant the installation of regiOns. Farmer which discusses this problem pilot plants or the undertaking of field . Mr. Speaker, I do not claim to be a Here is the full text of the editorial: · Such plants and tests are essential poet: But once I was. a me· It is true that the milk surplus picture ~ests. booke~ ~or looks a bit brighter than in 1954. However, m order to obtain reliable cost estimates mon~l address. at a ~1ttle mmmg com­ there is still a big black cloud hanging over and information on the durability of the -!llumty down m Whitley County, Ky., the dairy future. 1 unit, production capacity, power require- ~ ho~o~ of the departed coal mi~ers all The thought of 30 milliQn diverted acres is ments and other data necessary to dem.. 0 us _a known and loved as neighbors a continuing worry to dairymen. These are the acres taken out of corn, wheat, and cot­ onstrat~ the feasibility of large-scale :~:t f~~~fc b~g~~n!hefyrowmere ch~Uhed to - ton production by farmers who comply with conversiOn· traveler has ever returned. So,w 1cI cameno Federal crop controls. . 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 6373 Government policy is to get these extra on a radio program for the people of my ers, or trying to solve their price or dis­ acres into hay and pasture crops. This is district, our distinguished colleague, the good for the land but it is sure to mean extra tribution problems. This would sound competition and more milk surpluses. Honorable HAROLD D. CoOLEY, chairman ridiculous if it were not tragic confirma­ More acres of hay and pasture are sure of the Committee on Agriculture of this tion of the existence of an administra­ to mean more meat and milk. The only House. I was so struck by his informa­ tion program to liquidate farm families. thing to do with forage is to feer1 it to cattle tive discussion of our farm problems that Actually, it fits into a program which also and sheep. Some of those added cattle will I would like to repeat here some of the is designed to pinch of! and abandon rec­ be dairy cows. ground vte covered and plead for quick lamation, which would put water on mil­ We hate to see these diverted acres shifted from corn, cotton, and wheat and put into and vigrous action · by this Congress lions of acres and in many instances millt: production. Competition is tough toward developing a sound farm pro­ convert them from marginal to fine, pro­ enough as it is. gram. ducing acres, helping to solve the world's Acreage taken out of those crops should In casting my vote for H. R. 12, which food shortage. b3 taken completely out of circulation. would restore 90-percent parity price May I recall to you the prediction of Otherwise they solve one problem only to supports for basic agricultural commod­ former President Truman when he dedi­ create another. ities and put a floor of 80 percent under cated an important reclamation dam in I wish to point out to my colleagues dairy supports, I am not under any illu­ 1952 and told his listeners to mark it that I have introduced a bill, H. R. 5942, sion that this measure is any more than well, for if the Republican Party gained which I believe solves the problem of a step in the direction of adequate farm power, they would not see another dam diverted acres. Briefly, my bill calls for income security. I would like to make it like it? How well he knew the plans of the Secretary of Agriculture to annually clear that I do not consider price sup­ the present administration is shown by determine and proclaim prior to ports, whether fixed at 90 percent or the fact that there has not been a single November 15 of each year a national flexible, as anything more than a tem­ new reclamation start since January conservation acreage reserve for the porary prop to try to keep a large num­ 1953. succeeding year. The Secretary of Agri­ ber of our farmers from going bankrupt All this fumbling with our farms adds culture, after surveys, will determine and losing their farms during the period up to an administration philosophy I how many acres of land are needed for before we can work out a sound, perma­ think is unknown to many of our farm­ current production needs and how many nent, and effective program. ers. It amounts to a plan to drive farm­ acres of land are to be diverted into the In the first place, I am unhappy be­ ers out of business and herd them into conservation reserve. cause H. R. 12 makes no provision to help industrial pursuits. As tools to accom­ The national conservation reserve will agricultural industries outside the so­ plish this purpose we have flexible, bank­ then be broken down into State alloca­ called basic crops and dairying. I be­ ruptcy price supports, stopping reclama­ tions. The States in turn will allocate lieve that other farmers, raising other tion programs which would create new the reserve acreage to counties in the crops, are as much entitled to help as irrigated farms, and proposals to recruit same ratio as the previous year's acreage are the producers of the basic crops. In farmers into industrial plants. Instead in national production totals. County my own district we have large produc­ of a program to keep farmers in business farmer committees will then allocate the tion of grapes, raisins, fruits and vege­ producing food and fiber, we are asked to county's conservation reserve to indi­ table crops and the farmers who are sup­ go along with a program to drive them vidual farmers on a similar basis. plying these essentials to the Nation of! the farms. This is the opposite of a The Secretary of Agriculture is au­ have problems equally difficult with farm program as I see it. thorized to enter into annual agreements those of the producers of cotton, wheat, Since I have been in Washington I with individual farmers for the making corn, rice, and peanuts, and I believe have been astonished and aghast at the of incentive payments to farmers who their economic welfare is as important hopeless, helpless attitude of the Depart­ agree to put the specified number of to the Nation as is the survival of farm­ ment of Agriculture. I wish our farm­ acres into a conservation reserve on ers producing basic commodities. ers generally could see the callous and their farms. Such incentive payments I think it must be apparent that if cold reaction of the leaders in that De­ will be based on the value of the custo­ price supports are to serve any effective partment to the human problems they mary landlord's share, in the area where purpose in saving our farm families from should be trying to solve. Believe me, the farm is located, of commodities going under, they must be at 90 percent when I take up with officials of the De­ which the Secretary determines would of parity. Actually, the difference be­ partment of Agriculture the acute and be produced on the reserve acres if they tween the 90 percent and the 75 percent immediate problems of a major segment were used for commercial production or 80 percent they would receive under of agriculture, the turkey industry, and for the crop year on which the contract the flexible support program is the am informed the Department proposes to is made. The bill limits incentive pay­ amount keeping them alive and eating do nothing to cooperate with the indus­ ments to $2,000 for any farm operator's and· able to operate their farms. For a try, I cannot accept their plan to shake unit. large percentage of our farms, it is the out less efficient producers-to solve the I believe if my bill is adopted it will slim margin of survival. The Secretary problems by permitting chaos in the in­ solve the problem of diverted acres­ of Agriculture has publicly stated that dustry this fall, with inevitable bank­ diverted acres that in the past have the policy of the administration is to ruptcy for thousands. sometimes been turned into dairying or eliminate 10 percent of farm families. The fact of the matter is that a con­ other types of farming. Under my bill That means about 500,000 families, about tinued program of price supports is nec­ diverted acres will be used for a conser­ 2 million men, women, and children of essary at this time primarily because the vation reserve. It is a reserve plan that America who have chosen farming as a administration· has completely failed to will protect our top soil when we need it way of life. The Secretary of Agriculture develop a farm program. It appears we for an emergency or in the not too dis­ also advocates the flexible price support cannot expect such a program from the tant future to meet increased popula­ program and it is apparent he and the ·hopeless, helpless group now charged tion of the Nation. administration propose to use this device with this responsibility. As I see it, de­ as a means of accomplishing his purpose velopment of a long-range farm pro­ to drive farmers away from their farms. gram is up to us and we cannot expect Recently President Eisenhower deliv­ cooperation from the administration. Developing a Sound Farm Program ered a message to the Congress endors­ When such a program is developed, we ing a program of farm help put together no longer will be concerned with either EXTENSION OF REMARKS by Secretary of Agriculture Benson. flexible or rigid price supports on their OF After wrestling with the problem of what present basis, and I, for one, will be to do with our farmers who are on the happy to see the end of this artificial HON~ B. F. SISK verge of going under, what do they come emergency aid. OF CALIFORNIA up with? A proposal that the Federal How shall we go about working out a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Government assist· them by educating farm program? Certainly, we have a them not to be farmers. They propose we valid objective, and that must be to pro­ Monday, May 16, 1955 solve our farm problem by educating vide a ·farm economy in which every Mr. SISK. Mr. Speaker, I have just farmers to be laborers or mechanics­ hard-working farmer will know that by had the pleasure of having as my guest not by helping them to be better farm- proper, efficient farm management, he 6374 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- I-lOUSE May 16 can recover his costs of production and which gave the career service a body ed from the entrenched bureaucrats just as receive a profit sufficient to raise and blow. This year it has been the fine much as it must be protected from the pious print in Executive Order 10577 which has politician who is going to save democracy educate his children under a standard from the civil service." of living we want in an American home. brought so many complaints and charges Mr. Watson observed that political patron­ Because we have proof with which we of favoritism and discrimination in con­ age, rather than civil service, was on the de· cannot argue that the world as a whole nection with the conversion program to fensive these days, because the American has a serious food shortage, we must the offset of those Members representing public and the Nation's press are strong sup­ grant that our local situation, with what districts where there are a number of porters of the merit system. appears to be surpluses, can be smoothed Federal employees. • PROGRAMS STALLED out by proper distribution. The National Civil Service League, a At yesterday's afternoon session in the Reciprocal trade provides the basic nonpartisan organization composed of Hotel Statler, CSC Chairman Philip Young tool for foreign agricultural distribution, some of the most outstanding people in told the SPA the current hassle over Federal and it is too bad the Department of Agri­ the country, has proved to be a good pay-raise legislation threatens to delay ac­ . culture continues to drag its feet in de­ watchdog, and constantly calls our at­ tion this year on other administration em­ tention to abuses by the administration. ployee-benefit proposals, such as group veloping world markets for our surplus health insurance and employee training farm production. Mr. James R. Watson, executive direc­ programs. We need also to encourage marketing tor of the league, discussed some of the Mr. Young also declared that the present agreements, cooperative marketing asso­ more flagrant cases of abuse in a speech system of having Congress adjust classified ciations, advertising and distribution he made before the Society for Personnel and postal salaries is too slow and cumber· programs to knock off the peak of sur­ Administration. In so doing he called some. He urged consideration of plans to plus production and fill in the valleys of the roll of the many instances where place all Federal agencies on a full or partial underproduction. practice has differed sharply from the lip wage-board basis, the same as is the base for per diem workers. We must curb food profiteering and service of the administration. Acknowledging that such plans offer some speculation abuses and cut the costs of Under leave to revise and extend my practical difficulties, Mr. Young said that distribution, so that consumers can get remarks, I include a news account of Mr. might be adaptable within a general frame· food and clothing at .fair prices while Watson's remarks written by Joseph work of congressional control. farmers receive a fair return. I am most Young in the Washington Evening Star The esc Chairman also said that a num· happy to learn from Congressman for May 12, 1955: ber of difficulties have to be- ironed out be­ fore the Government joins in the single­ COOLEY that the Agriculture Committee POLITICAL FAVORITISM CHARGED IN PROMOTIONS of this House is embarking on a program packaged community charity drive. Mr. (By Joseph Young) Young emphasized he is not opposed to a to study consumer and farm prices, and The executive director of the nonpartisan single-packaged drive. He said, however, I have every hope that legislation to deal National Civil Service League charged tOday the problem must be carefully studied and with this problem will result. that partisan poEtics and favortism are in­ worked out before it is put into operation. We need more advance planning of fluencing the promotion and appointment Mr. Young also strongly praised the ad­ projects to convert marginal land into chances of Government career employees. ministration's constructive personnel pro· good farms, through increased soil con­ James R. Watson, executive director of the gram for Government employees during the servation and a renewed program for league, told the ann-ual meeting of the So· past few years, citing the numerous fringe reclamation, and we must overcome and ciety for Personnel Administration: benefits given to Federal workers. "This is where the patronage problem is throw aside the reluctance of the pres­ especially serious. • • • It is impossible to ent administration to go ahead with sufficiently emphasize the demoralizing effect these vital projects. of such efforts. Milk Prices Will Increase if Surplus In the face of a hopeless, helpless ad­ "If we are to have a system whereby cer­ ministration, the need of action by this tain so-called career people must get political Decreases Congress is urgent, lest delays wreck our indorsements and be subjected to political tests before receiving appointments to career farm economy and change our most basic EXTENSION OF REMARKS strength into an agricultural shambles. positions, then we will never achieve the ad­ vancements in the civil-service system which OF we need." The official of the 80-year-old business­ HON. LESTER R. JOHNSON supported organizaiton called on the admin­ OF WISCONSIN Administration Gives Only Lipservice to istration to clarify its policy regarding the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES career service and remove any cause for sus­ Career Service picion of partisan influence which will pre­ Monday, May 16, 1955 vent the constructive programs now under way from realizing their full potential. Mr. JOHNSON of Wisconsin. Mr. EXTENSION OF REMARKS Speaker, I wish to insert in the RECORD OF AFFECTS SELECTION an editorial from the May 7, 1955, issue "If the career service is to be subjected to of the Wisconsin Agriculturist and HON. JAMES M. QUIGLEY political tests, Philip Young and his staff at Farmer. The editorial follows: OF PENNSYLVANIA the Civil Service Commission might as well abandon their progressive efforts to improve Should milk supports be boosted back up IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES executive development and training," Mr. to 90 percent of parity? No one would blame Monday, May 16, 1955 Watson said. The public cannot afford to a Wisconsin farmer for quickly answering train executives in the career service who "Yes" to that question. However, it is not Mr. QUIGLEY. Mr. Speaker, the will be subjected to political suspicion by that simple. present administration has built a repu­ future administrations. Adequate selection In April 1954 Secretary Benson cut sup· tation for giving lipservice to many fine of people for training cannot be accom­ ports from 90 down to 75 percent of parity in principles, and then by its actions com­ plished where political favortism is involved. a single day. We argued that the drop was If there are to be political tests, then too far and too sudden and unfair to dairy­ pletely and callously disregarding these President Eisenhower might as well discon­ ing compared to other farm products. We principles. · tinue efforts for the President's incentive still feel that it could have been done dif­ The list of examples is long. Nowhere award program. What kind of incentive ferently. is it more in evidence than in connection award system can we have if every person How does the situation look as of May with the civil service. From the Presi­ receiving an award is going to be suspected 1955? Is this the time to push for a return dent on down, and from the President's of being a political favorite? to 90-percent supports? Silver Spring, Md., campaign speech in Mr. Watson cautioned Government per­ People are definitely using more milk, but· 1952 we have heard very high-sounding sonnel officials not to resist changes in the ter, and cheese than before the price drop. civil-service system that will make the sys. Production has leveled off. So the surplus pronouncements, with which we may all tern more dynamic and workable. picture has improved. agree, about the administration's devo­ Milk checks took quite a beating during tion to strengthening the civil service; HELD TO NEED IMPROVEMENT the past year. Dairymen realize more than and more about eliminating favoritism Declaring that civil service "needs im­ anyone just how much that hurt. political and otherwise, in the selectio~ provement," Mr. Watson added: "Just as we But we must keep two things in mind. and promotion of career employees. guard against favoritism, we must also be Fiirst, there is no chance politically of getting careful that we do not view every proposal 90-percent supports without controls on pro­ Last year it was the infamous Willis for change as a raid on the merit system. duction. Second, if production isn't con· directive~ issued from the White House, In other words, civil service must be protect· trolled, the country might get fed up with 1955 ·coNGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 6375 ·dairy-support programs and we would lose :privilege to be the speaker on that occa­ This is a lesson which we, the people of what we have. sion. My remarks were devoted to an the leading Nation of the world today, should Congress will vote 90-percent dairy parity expression of the unbreakable connec­ carefully consider and reflect upon in these only if the program carries built-in controls tion between the spirit of human free­ trying times. 01- milk output. Do you want to be told how We also recall that with the rise of Hitler much milk you may produce? dom as expressed in the Polish consti­ and his anti-Christian theories of nazism, There is a tool which would solve surplus tution and the current struggle in which the Polish nation stood firm in the face of troubles. It is production payments and it are now engaged to save individual this new danger. should have been given a trial long ago. liberty and the free institutions as we When Hitler, encouraged and stimulated Let the market drop to where it will. Then know them. Our participation in any in his plan of aggression, by the demon­ let the Government make direct payments to meeting involving the masters of the strated lack of moral courage and principle farmers to make up the difference between on the part of western statesmen, made market price and support price. Kremlin, whether it takes place at the summit or in a more realistic atmosphere threats against the Polish nation, he learned Once that surplus is handled, dairy sup­ that the Poles intended to fight for what ports and prices can again work their way of open covenants, openly arrived at, was right. higher, where they belong. Not only 90 per­ must be based upon a clear recognition The Polish nation was caught in the cent but 100 percent of parity. that the cause of freedom is both indi­ merciless vise of the dictators, Stalin and visible and timeless. Since I offered Hitler. The editorial, as you will note, cor­ what I consider to be some practical rectly observes that dairy products will It is a fact of history that when most of suggestions for the administration in the larger and more secure nations of never be supported at 90 percent of .par­ connection with the possibility of such Europe were urging that Poland take a con­ ity unless there are production controls a conference taking place, under unani­ ciliatory tone toward Hitler in order to pre­ and marketing quotas applied to the mous consent, I include my address in vent the outbreak of war, the Polish people industry in the same manner as basic did not hesitate to stand up for those basic commodities are supported. the RECORD: principles upon which the cause of human I do not know if the majority of the THE CONFERENCE AT THE SUMMIT­ freedom depends, and without which the Nation's dairy farmers are willing to ac­ ITS BASIC ISSUE tyrant and despot makes easy prey of na­ cept controls and marketing quotas. I am honored to be able to join with you tions and men. today in commemor.ating Polish Constitution It was in these circumstances that heroic The reason that I do not know is because Day. One hundred and sixty-four years ago Poland, standing fast in defense of the cause the Nation's dairy farmers have never Poland established a constitution which, in of justice and freedom, was invaded by the been given the opportunity to discuss its basic essentials, reflects the great moral overwhelming power of the dictators, Hitler the pros and cons of such a program. It and political principles of our own American and Stalin. is my hope that the Dairy Subcommittee Declaration of Independence. It is therefore accurate for us to say that of the House will hold some hearings this This constitution was enacted at a time World War II was fought for the cause which year out in the country to get grassroots when Poland was under an alien occupa­ Poland so nobly represents even though the thinking of dairy farmers on this and tion, by a parliament of true and patriotic Polish people received the most frightful other related problems. Poles, who were determined to create an rewards in the postwar period. indelible instrument to stand as a symbol The great event in history which we com­ I have introduced a bill, H. R. 4360, of the great Polish spirit. memorate today would be a very shallow which will make dairy products a basic The magnitude and enduring quality of affair if we did not ask ourselves these ques­ co·mmodity and which provides for con­ that constitution is attested to by the fact tions-what are the hopes for Poland in the trol and marketing quotas. If the pro­ that it has endured as an indestructible foreseeable future? What have we done? gram is approved bY Congress, dairy symbol of the rolish nation. What can we do to bring the Polish nation farmers will receive compensation It would do us well today to examine, for back to its well deserved place in the family through incentive payments, as sug­ a moment, article 5 of the Polish consti­ of free and sovereign nations? gested in the editorial quoted above. tution. Article 5 best expresses the form These may not be popular questions and of government which the framers of this indeed they may be questions which frighten I believe H. R. 4360 has considerable constitution intend for Poland and which, the more timid of men who, in any case, merit, but before action in Congress on in my opinion, is a true reflection of the have never been defenders of the cause of it I would like to have it fully under­ Polish spirit throughout all of recorded his­ individual liberty or the rights of nations. stood by the Nation's dairy farmers. If tory. But these are questions which disturb the the majority of dairy farmers do not Article 5 reads as follows: conscience of all freemen. Finding the want such a program-and we don't "All power in civil society should be de­ answers to these questions, in my opinion, know at this .time what their thinking rived from the will of the people, its end will likely spell the difference between peace and object being the preservation and in­ and war. is on this matter-then the issue would tegrity of the state, the civil liberty, and be resolved on this approach. Until It is part of our great American heritage the good order of society, on an equal scale that we seek peace and comity among all such time as we have sufficient opinion and on lasting foundation." nations. But it is also part of our heritage from all of the major dairy producing It is clear that the wm of the people was that we have the courage to stand up for areas we cannot say that dairy farmers the determining element in all matters re­ what is right regardless of what the imme­ favor the program or that they oppose quiring parliamentary action or civil au­ diate cost may be to us. it. thority. During the last session of Congress, I was That is why I hope the Dairy Sub­ Our Declaration of Independence, our a member of a select committee which did Constitution, and our Bill of Rights are, attempt to find the answers to these ques­ committee will hold the hearings I have above all other things, founded upon the suggested to get the broadest possible tions and consequently made an exhaustive basic concept that the will of the people is study of the entire background leading to view of dairy farmers on support pro­ paramount. the loss of individual liberties and national grams. We are saddened today as we see the Pol­ sovereignty by Poland and an the other non­ ish nation suffering under a new occupa­ Russian nations now enslaved within the tion-Russian communism, the most cruel, empire of communism. barbarous, inhuman, evil tyranny ever vis­ The Conference at the Summit­ ited upon any people or nation in the long After completing that study and hearing Its Basic Issue history of mankind. We recall that in the the testimony of hundreds of eye witnesses, period between the two World Wars, there we concluded the following, among other was a rebirth of Polish independence and things: EXTENSION OF REMARKS an almost unprecedented revival of the rich "That the continued occupa+ion of the OF and generous culture of the Polish. captive nations by Soviet Communist power We also remind ourselves that when the is the basic cause of the growing menace of HON. MICHAEL A. FEIGHAN conspiracy of communism was probing into war and stands as a threat to the security of OF OHIO the nations beyond the confines of the prison the United States. This threat is increased in direct proportion to the time and oppor­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of nations which we know as the Soviet Union, the Polish nation remained stanch tunity afforded the Communists to digest Monday, May 16, 1955 and fearless in its treatment of the threat and consolidate their gains, and to use these of communism. gains as bases for further and greater ag­ Mr. FEIGHAN. Mr. Speaker, yester­ gressions. This threat is diminished in day, May 15, the Polish American Con­ It is an undisputed fact of history that communism was never an internal threat direct proportion as the Communist hold gress of 400 organizations of Americans to the security of the Polish nation and that on the captive nations is weakened by a of Polish descent, held appropriate cere­ the Polish Government never feared to call positive policy that promotes the forces of mC'nies in Cleveland commemorating the hand of the Russians on any matter national independence behind the Iron Cur­ Polish Constitution Day. It was my affecting the security of Poland. tain." 6376 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE May 16 This committee also recommended that cherish. It ts this same spark burning in Tradition has it that Davy's father our Government, in the interest of prevent­ the breasts of mankind which will eventually struck up a close acquaintance with ing world war III, undertake a political put us on the path to peace and freedom­ some of the men who came across the action program against the international a goal which will be attained only when all Communist conspiracy. It charted a spe­ the enslaved nations are liberated. Blue Ridge Mountains from the then cific course of action involving 13 principal western territory to help fight the British points and urged that the Government im­ at King's Mountain, and, after the war, mediately undertake that course of action he was persuaded to return with them to in the interest of peace with freedom and as Davy Crockett Was a Tar Heel the territory which a few .years later a means of preventing world war III. became Tennessee. Now, against that background, we have Although Davy Crockett is said to have heard a good deal of talk in the last week EXTENSION OF REMARKS been illiterate, he was sufficiently edu­ or two about what is being called a confer­ OF ence at the summit. In language that you cated to write a very readable and in­ and I can understand, this means a meet­ HON. CHARLES RAPER JONAS teresting autobiography. He did not ing of the leaders of the United States, Great have the advantage of much _formal Britain, France, and the Soviet Union. OF NORTH CAROLINA schooling, but acquired his education in A great number of important questions IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the same way that Abraham Lincoln did. have been raised in connection with this pro­ Monday, May 16, 1955 If his autobiography was not written in posed conference. For example, where is the classical language, it shows that he pos­ summit; and if the place finds a geographical Mr. JONAS. Mr. Speaker, the Davy sessed great native intelligence and a location, what is the meaning of the word Crockett smash-hit song has focused the "summit"? ready, if rustic, wit. attention of the American people on the The following sentences are quoted Could this term have the meaning of old life and exploits of one of our most color­ Greek mythology that the gods were meet­ out of context from Davy Crockett's ing at the high point of land. ful early pioneer heroes. autobiography to show something of his There is also a practical question raised The passage of time has somewhat style of writing and as evidence on the as to who, if anyone, can speak for the dimmed the record of Davy Crockett. question of his nativity: masters of the Kremlin. Although he was one of the best known In my considered judgment, the most im­ of -all the frontiersmen of the early 19th My father's name was John Crockett, and portant question of all is, V.That are those he was of Irish descent. He was either born century, historians have not given his in Ireland or on a passage from that country who participate in the conference going to life the attention it deserves. Until just talk about and what are the prospects that to America across the Atlantic. He was by such a conference might, in any way, con­ a few weeks ago, the mention of Davy profession a farmer, and spent the early tribute to man's age-long quest for peace Crockett would hardly have stirred a part of his life in the State of Pennsyl­ and freedom. ripple of interest. Today his name is a vania. • • • He fought in the Battle of In this connection the Select Committee household word-at least in every house­ King's Mountain, against the British and of the House of Representatives To Inves­ hold where there are youngsters. Tories, and in some other engagements, of tigate Communist Aggression, which I have which my remembrance is too imperfect to It remained for a talented songwriter, · enable me to speak with any certainty. At referred to previously, made this, among recognizing the dramatic appeal of the other, recommendations: some time, thougli I cannot say certainly "That in the advancement of the American Davy Crockett story, to capture the when, my father, as I have understood, lived program for world peace and freedom all imagination of the American public by in Lincoln County, in the State of North efforts therein be measured against the cri­ depicting the highlights of Davy's career Carolina. How long I don't know. But teria of whether they assist the captive peo­ in a song that has literally taken the when he removed from there, he settled in ples to hasten the day when they may achieve country by storm. that district of country which is now em­ their liberation, and that all acts or omis­ As proof that interest in Davy Crockett braced in the east division of Tennessee, sions which tend to confirm their enslave­ though it was not then erected into a State. ment be rejected." is not confined to boys and girls I re­ I was born, according to ·the best informa­ I do strongly commend this recommenda­ mind you that on last Thursd~y the tion I have received on the subject, on the tion as the steady guidepost to President gentleman from Texas [Mr. DIES] 17th of August, in the year 1786; whether Eisenhower and Secretary of State Dulles to s~eaking in the well of the House, paid by day or night, I believe I never heard, but be used in all their advanced preparations h1s respects to the memory of Davy if I did, I have forgotten. • • • At the time for the conference, as well as such delibera­ Crockett and reminded us of some of the my father lived at the mouth of Limestone, tions as may develop as a consequence of lessons we can learn from the example on the Nolachucky River. the talk now going on about a conference Davy Crockett was elected to Congress at the summit. of his record and career as a Member of If we, as a Nation, fail to do less than Congress more than 100 years ago. as a supporter of Andrew Jackson, and follow the course which this recommenda­ Davy Crockett is generally understood the district from which he came was pre­ tion clearly charts, we will, in my opinion, to have been a native of Tennessee. dominantly Jackson territory. How­ have deserted our fundamental traditions The author of the song says that he was ever, when President Jackson departed and political institutions. born in that State, and the gentleman from what Davy Crockett believed to be The many enslaved nations which cry out from Texas [Mr. DIES] spoke of the right, Davy vigorously opposed him. for the emancipation of their people look to the United States as their last great hope. pride Tennesseeans have for him as a Davy's strong opposition to some of the The people of Poland, Estonia, Latvia, native son. policies of President Jackson brought Lithuania, Ukraine, Byelorussia, Slovakia, I cannot contradict the claim that down upon him the displeasure of the Chechia, Hungary, Rumania, Bulgaria, Geor­ Davy Crockett was born on soil that is administration, and in his autobiography gia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkestan, and now Tennessee. But, the statement that Davy credits his defeat for reelection to other enslaved nations suffering under a Davy was born in Tennessee does not the active fight made against him in the common tyranny, have the common aspira­ campaign by officials of the administra­ tion for those freedoms which are reflected tell the whole story. At the time Davy in the spirit of the constitution of Poland Crockett was born on August 17, 1786, the tion. which we commemorate today. State of Tennessee was not in existence. It was after his return. to private life When these nations are freed from the Davy Crockett was born a resident of that the struggle of the Texans for in­ chains of Russian communism and have, by the great State of North Carolina and dependence attracted Davy Crockett's the unqualified exercise of the principle of remained a citizen of our State until1790 attention. He says in his autobiography national self-determination, regained for that he was appealed to by Texans to themselves and their posterity the benefits when Congress accepted a deed of ces­ of liberty and self-government--only then sion from North Carolina for the terri­ come to that territory and help them in will we have opened the door to a just and tory which is now Tennessee. their fight for independence. He threw enduring peace. Indeed, we have even closer ties than himself into that struggle and gave his The spark of individual liberty and love this with the Crockett family. Davy's life in the cause of liberty, just as he of human freedom has burned brightly in father lived for· a time in my home sacrificed his political career because he the breasts of all true Poles down through county of Lincoln in the State of North would not surrender his principles to history. It was this spark which brought hold public office. General Kosciuszko and other Polish heroes Carolina. He fought against the British of the Revolutionary War to our shores. It and Tories at King's Mountain in a bat­ This is the great lesson we can all learn was this same spark which brought thou­ tle which, incidentally, was the turning from the life and career of Davy sands upon thousands of the sons and point of the Revolutionary War and led Crockett. daughters of Poland to America to help build directly to the surrender of Cornwallis Davy apparently kept a diary during this great democracy which we today so at Yorktown. the battle of the Alamo, because the 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE 6377 closing chapters of the book contain a who make up the technical and administra­ America (first verse): The Freeport High day-by-day account of the siege. His tive staff. The programs have resulted in School Band. last entry in the book was made on developments without which we would have Crowning of Miss Norway: By Consul Gen­ lagged behind both in the weapons which eral Thor Brodtkorb (sponsored by Scandi­ March 5, 1836, and in the closing pages have protected our freedom and in the great navian American Business Association, Inc.). he described a sortie from the Alamo in network of commercial air transport which Selections by Peder Tonnesen, tenor. which Davy and several companions knits the Nation so closely and binds us in ventured out into "no man's land'' to so short a space of time to the rest of the The following were my remarks on rescue a member of the besieged party free world. this occasion: who was returning to the fort following At the great Langley Aeronautical Labora­ Mr. Chairman, reverend clergy, my dis­ a fruitless effort to get help. tory in Virginia; the Ames Aeronautical Lab­ tinguished friend and colleague, Congress­ oratory at Moffet Field, Calif., and the Lewis man RAY, the Honorable Consul General of The following is the last entry made Flight Propulsion Laboratory at Cleveland, by Davy in his book: Norway, Commissioner Nolan, all the dis­ many of the enormous forward strides in tinguished guests here on this platform, March 5. Pop, pop,-pop. Bam, bam, bam. aerodynamical design which make possible ladies and gentlemen: throughout the day. No time for memo­ today's flight above the speed of sound and It is indeed a privilege and a high honor to randums now. Go ahead. Liberty and in­ in engines and rocket-power plants have address this distinguished gathering at this dependence forever. received their initiative and progressed wonderful parade today which commemo­ through technical guidance from the com­ rates the 141st anniversary of Norway's In­ mittee. As Representative VINsoN, of Geor­ dependence Day, May 17, 1955. Especially gia, has well said, "There is not a military is it so for one born here in Brooklyn of or commercial plane flying today in this Irish parents who has had the opportunity National Advisory Committee for Aero­ country which does not reflect in some way to visit beautiful Norway on three occasions nautics 40th Anniversary the research of the NACA." over the years. I am grateful to your chairman, Mr. Hal­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS vorsen, Mr. Bredland, Reverend Opsal, Rev- • OF Norway Independence Day in Greates New erend Gulbrandsen, and all the members of your committee for their kind invitation to HON. EDWARD P. BOLAND York address you briefly_ on this historic occasion. OF MASSACHUSETTS I have always followed the developments and activities of Norway with a great deal of ad­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF miration, and I applaud the achievements of Monday, May 16, 1955 Norway's stable and democratic government HON. JOHN J. ROONEY in a world faced with strife and discontent Mr. BOLAND. Mr. Speaker, the Na­ in many areas, particularly those unfortu­ tional Advisory Committee for Aero­ OF NEW YORK nate nations behind the Iron Curtain. nautics has now reached its 40th anni­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Throughout the past 141 years the Con­ versary. It is difficult to assess the tre­ Monday, May 16, 1955 stitution of Norway has withstood the test of mendously significant part this organiza­ time. The people of Norway have decisively Mr. ROONEY. Mr. Speaker, on yes­ rejected communism and all other forms of tion has played in the progress of a via­ terday afternoon at Leif Eriksson Square government alien to their democratic ideals tion in this Nation. The great strides in Brooklyn, N. Y., the Norwegian­ and principles. As a matter of fact they that the aviation industry has made American 17th of May Committee of have made the ideals of democracy a living could not have been possible without the Greater New York, 1955, celebrated Nor­ and revered reality. research and advice of the NACA. Its We in the United States shall long re­ contribution to the national defense is way's Independence Day. There was an member the determined and courageous incalculable. The NACA is the Govern­ immense colorful parade and a gathering stand of the Norwegian people against Nazi ment agency charged with the responsi­ of at least 20,000 people who listened to Germany, both in combat and in the tena­ bility for conducting an adequate pro­ the program at the parade's conclusion. cious unrelenting underground struggle in My good friend and distinguished col­ the years that followed. The people of Nor­ gram of scientific aeronautical research. way not only vigorously fought and opposed It was established in 1915 to supervise league the gentleman from New York [Mr. RAY] and I were accorded the honor Nazi Germany but also have consistently de­ and direct the scientific study of the fied Communist Russia, despite the fact that problems of flight with a view to their of addressing the huge assemblage. The Norway has a common boundary with the practical solution. The committee serves program read as follows: Soviet monster and is menaced by the huge without pay; its only compensation being PROGRAM Red army which is in such close proximity. the great satisfaction it receives from (Leif Eriksson Square, Brooklyn, N. Y., Not only have the people of Norway dem­ the importance of its work and the suc­ Sunday, May 15, 1955-3 p. m.) onstrated rare courage and bravery in war cess of its research. Its membership is Star-Spangled Banner: The Freeport High and in the potential threats of this cold­ School Band, Dr. J. Maynard Wettlaufer, war period, but equally important, they have comprised of its Chairman Jerome C. created an example of democracy that serves Hunsaker, Vice Chairman Detlev W. director. Introduction: Einar Bredland, cochair­ as an inspiration to the freedom-loving peo­ Bronk, Joseph P. Adams, Allen V. Astin, man, 17th of May Committee. ple throughout the world. Preston R. Bassett, Leonard Carmichael, Master of ceremonies: Edward C. Halvor­ Americans of Norwegian birth and descent Ralph S. Damon, James H. Doolittle, sen, chairman, 17th of May Committee. have made great contributions toward the Rear Adm. Lloyd Harrison, Ronald M. Invocation: Rev. Leif T. Gulbrandsen, things that make for a better life here in Hazen, Vice Adm. Ralph A. Ofstie: Lt. pastor, Trinity Lutheran Church, Flushing, the United States. They have played a de­ Gen. Donald L. Putt, Donald A. Quarles, N.Y. cisive role in the enrichment of our lives Arthur E. Raymond, Francis W. Reichel­ Welcome and opening remarks: S. A. by their culture, their music, their industry Haram, president, the Norwegian Children's and their strong religious and moral con­ derfer, Oswald Ryan, Gen. Nathan F. Home Association. victions. Because of these strong convic­ Twining. Greetings: Hon. JoHN J. RooNEY, Member tions and their love of American ideals they Mr. Speaker, the New York Times in of Congress. have given us many notable and effective its issue of May 13, 1955, tips its editorial Greetings, Norwegian Government: Han. leaders in our Government and in our public to the NACA on the occasion of its 40th Thor Brodtkorb, Consul General of Norway. service. anniversary. Ja, Vi Elsker Dette Landet: Viking Junior This is truly a heartwarming and inspir­ Under unanimous consent, I include Band, Irving Bardon, director. ing patriotic demonstration. I not only ex­ the editorial in the. RECORD, as follows: The Norwegian Singing Society: 0. Wii­ tend congratulations to the people of Nor­ liam Erickson, director. way on tl;le anniversary of their constitution NACA AT FORTY Greetings: Han. John J. Cashmore, presi­ but also my friends here in Brooklyn of Nor­ One of the bulwarks of our national de­ dent, Borough of Brooklyn. wegian birth and descent. fense and a spearhead of our peacetime prog­ The Freeport High School Band, enter­ My fervent wish for Norway is that this ress in the air is celebrating the 40th anni­ tainment: Dr. J. Maynard Wettlaufer, di­ annual celebration shall stand as a symbol versary of its establishment. This is the rector. of the continuing close association between National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics Greetings: Han. JoHN H. RAY, Member of our two countries in defense of that political founded by act of Congress and first ap­ Congress. liberty for which the Norwegian constitution pointed by President Wilson in 1915. Serving Seventeenth of May Sermon: Rev. J. Ing­ stands. May all of us be blessed by the es­ without pay, the committee operates like a vald Opsal, pastor, Our Saviour's Evangelical tablishment of peace and freedom every­ board of directors, establishing policy and Lutheran Church, Brooklyn, N.Y. where, and a world in which peaceful citi­ planning the research programs to be fol­ Gud Signe Noregs Land (first verse): The zens and nations need no longer be on guard lowed by the 7,000 civil-service personnel Freeport High School Band. against aggression ~nd tyranny. 6378 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE May 16 Public Law 24, the Second Supplemental Public Law 24, 84th Gong. (2d supplemental Public Law 24, 84t.h Gong. (2d supplemental appropriation bill, 1955)-continued appropriation bill, 1955)-Continued Appropriations Act CHAPTER It--continued CHAPTER VI--continued Department of Defense, Independent Offices-Na- EXTENSION OF REMARKS Civil Functions-Depart­ tional Capital Planning ment of the Army, Canal Commission: OF Zone Government: Oper- Salaries and expenses, HON. BARRATT O'HARA ating expenses______$230, 000 Washington regional masssurvey ______transportation _ OF ILLINOIS Total, ch. II ______159,875,000 $200,000 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES John Marshall Bicenten- CHAPTER UI nial Commission ______10,000 Monday, May 16, 1955 Department of · Defense­ Total, ch. VL------3,730,000 Mr. O'HARA of illinois. Mr. Speaker, ClaimsInterservice ______Activities: _ (4,320,000) thinking it will be of general interest to Retired pay ______CHAPTER VU my colleagues, I am extending my re­ (8,000,000) Do------(14,000,000) Department of Labor-Bu­ marks to include a tabulated summary Military personnel, Army_ (150,000,000) reau of Employment Se­ of the appropriations provided for in curity: MilitaryForce ______personnel, Air _ Public Law 24, the Second Supplemental (110,000,000) Grants to States for unem­ Appropriations Act. This was compiled ployment compensation and employment service at my request by Elizabeth Elward, of Total, ch. III------~ (286,320,000) the American Law Division of the Legis- administration ______• lative Reference Service of the Library CHAPTER IV Unemployment compensa­ tionployees for ______Federal em- _ of Congress. It follows: Forei~n Operations-Mutual 7,500,000 Public Law 24, 84th Gong. (2d supplemental Security: Contributions to appropriation bill, 1955) the United Nations ex­ Total, Department of panded program of tech- Labor----.------7,500,000 CHAPTER I nical assistance ______8 (6, 500, 000) Department of Agriculture: Independent Offices-Export­ Department of Health, Edu­ Agricultural Research Import Bank: Administra- cation, and Welfare: Service ______$650,000 tive expenses ______• (55, 000) Office of Education: Agricultural conservation Paymentstricts ______to school dis- _ program------• (1) Total, ch. IV------(6,500,000) 20,000,000 Assistance for school Total, ch. L------650,000 CHAPTER V construction ______48,500,000 Independent offices: Public Health Service: CHAPTER U Federal Civil Defense Ad­ Assistance to States, general ______Department of Commerce: ministration: Surveys, • (11) Office of the Secretary ___ _ plans and research ____ _ Indian health activi- 12 Civil Aeronautics Adminis­ Federal Communications ties------(100,000) Commission: Salaries Social Security Adminis­ tration: Claims, Federal and expenses ______Airport Act ______• (2) 85,000 tration-Bureau of Pub­ Federal Power Commis­ lic Assistance: Grants to Civil Aeronautics Board: sion: Salaries and ex- anceStates ______for public assist- _ Payments to air carriers __ 8,900,000 penses------100,000 238,000,000 Maritime activities: General Services Adminis­ Bureau of Old-Age and Operating-difl'erential tration: Expenses, gen- Survivors' Insurance: subsidies ______50,000,000 eral supply fund ______9 (200, 000) Salaries and expenses __ '(10,620,000) Salaries and expenses ____ _ 400,000 National Advisory Com­ Office of the Secretary: Repair of reserve :fleet mittee for Aeronautics: Salaries and expenses, facilities ------­ 970,000 Salaries and expenses __ _ 240,000 Office of Field Services __ Repair of reserve fleet ves­ Soo Locks Centennial sels (liquidation of con- Celebration Commis- Total, Department of tract authorization) ___ _ (") sion ------15,000 Health, Education, . and Welfare ______Bureau of Public Roads: 306,500,000 Federal-aid highways (liq­ Veterans' Administration: uidation of contract Compensation and pen- Railroad Retirement 95, 000, 000_ sions------240,000,000 Board: Salaries and ex­ authorization)------­ Readjustment benefits ___ _ 155,000,000 Forest highways (liquida­ penses------~(256,000) Grants to Republic of tion of contract au­ Philippines ______611,000 Total, ch. VIL------314, 000, 000 thorization) ------3,500,000 Public lands highways Total: Veterans' Ad- CHAPTER VUI ministration ______395, 611, 000 (liquidation of contract Public Works-Department authorization)------­ 875,000 of the Interior-South­ Total, Department of Total, ch. V ------396,051,000 western Power Administra­ 159,645,000 tion: Operation and main- Commerce ------CHAPTER VI tenance------400, 000 Department of the Interior­ Independent Offices-small Bureau of Land Manage- Total, ch. VIII______400, 000 Business Administra- ment: Management of tion: lands and resources ____ _ 350,000 *Indicates transfers, limitation increases, Salaries and expenses_..:___ • (6 ) National Park Service: Jones Revolving fund ______------Point Bridge ______600,000 etc. 4 Increase in limitation. Department of Agriculture­ *Indicates transfers, limitation increases, 10 Language change. etc. Forest Service: Salaries 11 Increases limitation for personal services and expenses ______2,570,000 1 Continues available uncommitted bal­ from $2,400,000 to $2,418,000. ances through Dec. 31, 1955. • Increase in limitation. 1 2 To be derived by transfer from "Retired 2 Authority to transfer not to exceed ~To be derived by transfer from available pay of commissioned officers," fiscal year $110,854. appropriations. 1955. 3 Authority to transfer not to exceed 8 To be derived by transfer from "Mutual 15 Language making -this appropriation $840,000. Defense Assistance, Southeast Asia and the available for the payment of members of the li Increase of $75,000 in limitation. Western Pacific, 1955." uniformed force of the Fire Department. 8 Authority to transfer an additional 0 'ro be derived by transfer from "Dafense tc To be derived from the Railroad Retire­ $224,000. Public Works, community facilities." ment Board (trust fund). 1955 CONGRESSIONAL ·RECORD- HOUSE 6379

Public Law 24, 84th Gong. (2d supplemental Public Law 24, 84th Gong. (2d supplementa~ Public -Law 24, 84th Gong. (2d supplemental appropriation bill, 1955)-Continued appropriation bill, 1955)-Continued appropriation bill, 1955)-Continued CHAPTER IX CHAPTER x-con. CHAPTERS XII AND XIIA-con. Department of State: Post Office Department: For- Legislative branch-Continued Salaries and expenses ___ _ 17 ($750, 000) 1947eign ______mail transportation, _ Capitol Police: Contributions to interna- 14 ($25, 000) / Capital Police Board____ $21, 139 tional organizations ___ _ Independent offices - Tax Capitol Police Board___ 38,972 Missions to international Court of the United States: organizations ______18(12, 500) Salaries and expenses ____ _ 63,000 Total, Capitol Police International contingen- Total,fices ______independent of- _ Board______60, 111 cies------10( 100, 000) 63,000 Architect of the Capitol: Department of Justice: Total, ch. X------148,000 Capitol Buildings ______16,000 Legal Activities and Gen­ Capitol Grounds ______611,000 eral Administration: CHAPTER XI Senate Office Building __ 53,000 Salaries and expenses, District of Columbia: House Office Buildings __ United States attor­ Operating expenses: Additional House Office neys and marshals __ 300,000 Office of Corporation Building ______5,000,000 Salaries and expenses, Counsel------22 (2, 500) Additional Senate Office United States attor- Metropolitan Police (ad­ Building ______neys and marshals ___ _ 200,000 ditional municipal Salaries and expenses, services, American Le­ Total, Architect of the CapitoL ______claims of persons of gion Convention)---- 5,680,000 Japanese ancestry: Department of Public 19551954------______198,267 Health------­ (650,300) Government Printing Office: 870,000 Public welfare ------(152,900) Printing and binding ____ _ 700,000 Federal Bureau of In­ Settlement of claims ___ _ (28,008) vestigation: Salaries Judgments------(10,587) Total, chapters XII and expenses ______1,100,000 Audited claims ______(155,095) and XIIA------8,312,589 Immigration and Natu­ ralization Service: Total, operating ex- CHAPTER XIII pense ______Salaries and expenses_ 1,250,000 (996,890) Judgments and authorized Federal Prison System: Capital outlay: Capital claims: Salaries and expenses, outlay, miscellaneous __ _ (26,500) Judgments and authorized Bureau of Prisons ___ _ 180,000 claims ______3,234,377 Support of United Total, ch. XL ______23 (1, 023, 390) Judgments and authorized States prisoners ____ _ 600,000 claims------6,269,842 CHAPTERS XII AND XIIA Total, Department of Legislative branch: Total, ch. XIIL------9, 504, 219 Justice ------4,698,267 Senate: Salaries and ex­ pense allowance of Grand total______898,805,875 The Judiciary: Senators, mileage of NoTE.-Continues antistrike provisions. Supreme Court of the the President of the United States: Care of Senate and of Sena­ the building and tors, and salary and grounds------12,500 expense allowance of Court of Customs and Pat­ the Vice President: ent Appeals: Salaries Compensation of Sena- Collector of Customs Appointment for the and expenses ______13,300 tors------320,001 Idaho-Montana District Courts of appeals, district Compensation of the courts, and other judi­ Vice President of the cial services: United States ______Salaries of judges______1,667 EXTENSION OF REMARKS 900,000 Office of the Secretary: Salaries or' supporting Joint recording facili- OF 86,000 personnel------­ ties---~------3,905 Fees of jurors and com­ Office of Sergeant at HON. ORVIN B. FJARE missioners------­ 380,000 Arms and Doorkeeper: OF MONTANA Travel and miscellaneous expenses ______ariesFor adjustment ______of sal- _ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 45,000 140 Salaries of referees ____ _ 20(20,800) Joint Committee on the Monday, May 16, 1955 Expenses of referees ___ _ 21 (34, 575) Economic Report, sal- aries and expenses ___ _ 3,800 Mr. FJARE. Mr. Speaker, under leave Total, the Judiciary-- 1,436,800 Contingent expenses of the to extend my remarks in the RECORD, Senate: I would like to include a letter I have Total, ch. IX------6,135,067 Furniture ______5,000 today sent to the Honorable George M. Miscellaneous items ___ _ 51,950 Packing boxes ______Humphrey, Secretary of the Treasury. CHAPTER X 500 Yesterday a gentleman from Idaho was Treasury Department: Fostage stamps ______115 Bureau of Accounts: Sal- nomina ted to be the new Collector of aries and expenses ______85,000 Total, Senate ______387,078 Customs at Great Falls, Mont. We in Coast Guard: Montana regard this as one of the few Operating expenses ____ _ 13(1, 100, 000) House of Representatives: Federal jobs that rightfully should be Retrred pay ______13(584,000) Salaries of Members ___ _ 1,468,000 filled from our great State, and conse­ Reserve training ------13 (46, 000) Coordinator of Informa- quently I am vigorously protesting the tion ------2,000 nomination from our neighboring State Total,partment Treasury______De- _ Majority leader------5,400 of Idaho. 85,000 Folding documents ____ _ 10,000 The letter is as follows: 13 To be derived by transfer from "Acquisi­ Total, House of Repre­ MAY 12, 1955. tion, construction, and improvements." sentatives ------1,485,400 The Honorable GEORGE M. HUMPHREY, 17 To be derived by transfer from "Govern­ Secretary of the Treasury, ment in occupied areas," fiscal year 1955. *Indicates transfers, limitation increases, Washington, D. c. 18 To be derived by transfer from "Contri­ etc. MY DEAR MR. SECRETARY: I have been in­ butions to international organizations," fis­ 14 To be derived by transfer from "Railway formed that an Idaho man has been nom­ cal year 1955. mail service, 1947." inated for the position of Collector of Cus­ 19 To be derived by transfer from "Edu­ 22 Increase in limitation for settlement of toms for the Idaho-Montana District, with cational aid for China and Korea." claims. headquarters at Great Falls, Mont. 20 To be derived from the referee's salary 23 Unless otherwise provided, District of I want to vigorously protest the nomina­ fund. Columbia appropriations shall be paid out of tion, and ask that the nomination be recon­ 21 To be derived from the referee's expense the general fund for the District of Colum­ sidered, because this position has histori:­ fund. bia. cally belonged to Montana. We have · the 6380 CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD - HOUSE May 16 great majority of interest in every respect in ·of low-wage industries affected substantially more exemptions from the wage and hour this position, by virtue of mi~es of boundary by the necessity for the payment of higher provisions than the original act of 1938 did. served, number of ports of entry, volume of wages do not seem to have risen as a group Coverage should certainly be extended and tratnc, and flow of commerce. any higher than prices of other products. many of the groups now exempted should be Your careful reconsideration of this nom• • • • Increased etnciency of production, protected under this law. ination will be greatly appreciated by me. ·particularly through mechanization and An inadequate minimum wage is respon­ Sincerely yours, high volume operations, apparently absorbec;l sible for unbalanced diets, the inability to ORVIN B. FJARE. much of the increased cost.'' afford medical and dental care and poor It is self-evident that every American housing. These conditions foster malnutri­ worker is entitled to a decent standard of tion, sickness, slums, illiteracy, juvenile de­ living. It is also axiomatic that no worker linquency, and crime. The entire com­ Increase Minimum Wage to $1.25 ,can enjoy what we like to refer to as the munity and the Nation as a whole, suffers American way of life on less than $1.25 per when ou:- most valuable asset-our citizens­ hour. are forced to live on a substandard leYel. · EXTENSION OF REMARKS The average worker putting in a 40-hour For these reasons, the majority of the con­ OF week will earn approximately $2,500 a year stituents of tl;le 12th District of Illinois if he makes $1.25 an hour. An annual in­ favor, and I shall support, a $1.25 an hour HON. CHARLES A. BOYLE come of $2,500, although it may be an im­ minimum wage and extended coverage of the OF ILLINOIS provement over the income derived from Fair Labor Standards Act. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the present 75-cents-an-hour provision, is still far from adequate to meet the minimum Monday, May 16, 1955 budget requirements of an average family. Mr. BOYLE . .Mr. Speaker, legislation In 1951, the Bureau of Labor Statistics Iowa Manufacturers Important in Nation's to increase the minimum hourly wage is worked out a minimum-income chart for being considered by the Committee on an average family of 4 based on living costs hidustrial Life in 34 cities throughout the United States. Education and Labor. I appeared before The budget required for a basic minimum the committee today and made my plea standard of living varied from $3,812 to $4,- EXTENSION OF REMARKS in behalf of the underpaid workers who 454. It would require a minimum wage of OF are looking hopefully to Congress for re­ .$1.91 to earn enough to meet the lowest in­ lief and a decent living wage. It is my come requirements for a decent standard HON. JAMES I. DOLLIVER sincere hope that the committee will of living as defined by this study. The low­ OF IOWA act favorably so the bill can be consid­ est budget figure was $3,812, the minimum IN THE HOU$E OF REPRESENTATIVES ered by Members of the House whom, necessary to live in New Orleans. I am convinced, will set a minimum wage - A minimum wage of $1.25 an hour does not Monday, May 16, 1955 which will more nearly approximate .sound unreasonable to me. I don't know of Mr. DOLLIVER. Mr. Speaker, Iowa a single area in the United States where you .has long been recognized as the leading today's high living costs. could provide your family with decent hous­ My statement before the committee ing, clothes, adequate food, and even mini­ agricultural State in the Nation qut few follows: mum medical and dental care on an income realize the extent of Iowa's industrial Mr. Chairman and members of the House of $1.25 an hour or $2,500 a year. And this development. Education and Labor Committee, I wish to includes no allowance for recreation or Hundreds of Iowa's industries arena­ thank you for this opportunity to testify luxuries. tionally known, and several rank as the before this committee today on the pro­ The administration proposal to scale down biggest of their kind in the Nation. For posed amendment to the Fair Labor Stand­ to 90 cents an hour what already appears to instance, Iowa has the largest cereal ards Act. be a barely adequate increase in the mini­ plant, washing machine industry, fo1Jn­ The proposal to increase the minimum mum wage, to $1.25 an hour, is sheer igno­ wage to $1.25 an hour and to extend coverage rance of the basic facts of the living costs in tain-pen manufacturer, door and mill­ of the act to workers not now protected by today's economy. work factory, fresh-water pearl-button a minimum wage floor and the provisions The Consumers' Price Index rose 14 percent industry, popcorn processing plant, for time and a half for overtime work will between January 1950 and November 1954, processor of honey, plastic fiber skate­ continue to enlist my complete support. according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. wheel plan, silvery iron factory, inde­ An increase in the minimum wage is not Wages have been raised five times since 1950 pendent pork processing busines, wringer only a family necessity, but it is a national in major American industries. The mini­ manufacturer, wheel tractor manufac­ economic necessity as well. We must think mum wage was set at 75 cents an hour in turing plant, . single operated packing in terms of increasing the purchasing power 1950. Today, 5 years later, it is still 75 cents. of the low income earner. A clear analysis It is totally inadequate and unrealistic in plant, manufacturer of portable crush­ compels us to regard the worker as a con­ view of the economic picture today to in­ ing .and screening plants, aluminum sumer whose increased purchasing power crease the minimum wage to anything less plate rolling mill, warm air heating sys­ could stimulate a lagging economy, rather than $1.25 per hour. 'tems manufacturer, poultry equipment than thinking of him as an economic liabili­ The administration proposal to increase .manufact1,.1rer,- cellophane producing ty to his employer whose wages, if increased, the minimum wage to 90 cents an hour will plant, rotary pump builders, producer of will either drive his employer out of business not improve the living standard of 3 million or raise prices for all of us. · automatic valves and regulators, 2- and workers who earn more than 90 cents an 4-cycle gasoline engine manufacturer. Opponents of the $1.25 minimum wage hour, but are still existing on a substandard repeatedly say that this would increase un­ level. The 3 million workers who earn 95 With 3,736 manufacturing plants lo­ employment and many firms would be forced cents or perhaps $1.04 an hour would receive cated in 588 cities and towns, there is a to reduce their payrolls or even go out of no benefit from such legislation. They will wide and even distribution of industry business. This is the same argument that --continue to exist on a powdered-milk and throughout the State. There are 2,270 was used when the minimum wage was set dried-meat diet. They will still be · unable different products made .in Iowa, and at 30 cents in 1939 and again when it was to afford adequate housing and even modest world trade carries the products of 539 set at 75 cents in 1950. This grim prophecy conveniences. simply has not been borne out by facts. Iowa manufacturers who are directly en­ - In addition to increasing the minimum gaged in exporting. In 1950 when the minimum wage was in­ wage to $1.25 an hour, I sincerely hope that creased to 75 cents an hour, there were coverage will be extended to many groups Since Iowa-produces 10 percent of the practically no plant shutdowns . or layo~s not cu.rrently protected by the provisions of Nation's food -supply, food' manufactur­ resulting from this measure.- Opponents of the Fair Labor Standards Act. - ing and processing leads all other in­ the measure then, as now, had predicted economic disaster. According to recent estimates there are dustries in the State, accounting for In fact, the Department of Labor studieS approximately 44 million people engaged in ·more than half of the value of the revealed that. in five lo.w-.wage industries­ private employment, exclusive of proprietors, State's manufactured· products. But southern sawmills, men's dress shirts and self-employed persons, unpaid family labor, Iood is just one of the major manufac­ -and executive, administrative, and profes- _turing industries. nightwear, fertilizer, men's seamless hosiery sional employees. . _ · - and wood furniture-even though the higher BIG STRIDES IN IND.USTRIAL DEVELOPMENT minimum wage required increased wages for · Of these 44 milUon eD\ploye.es, 13.6 millio1;1. a substantial proportion of the workers . in .were not cov.ered because they were engaged During the post:-World War II yearS", those inc;tustries the adjustment to the high~ in intrastate· act1v1tles and 604 million wer<' ·nearly 900 new industries have set up er wage scale was made wit~ - "only _:q1inor .spe.cifl.cally exempted from the mfnimum shop in Iowa, affording more than 35,:. determinable effects." . . - - -wage and ov"ertime proviSions. 000 additiomil job opportunities and ere• At that time the Secretary of Labor said The present Fair Labor Standards Act pro­ ating an additional annual }Jayroll in in his annual report, "Prices for products vides more limited coverage and contains excess of $120 million. Figures indi· 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 6381 cate that the growth and develop:tn~nt · obligation to be available to help resolve While his obligations to his family are of Iowa is going forward at a faster rate this problem. heavy, the rewards are rich indeed. The than the Nation as a whole. With the When I read the tragic stories that father who has fulfilled his responsibili­ value of Iowa's manufactured products appear daily in our newspapers of de- ties as a loving and understanding par­ exceeding the value of her agricultural ' linquent juveniles I often think to my­ ent is truly helping to build a mature and products, the ·state has a fine economic self, how different this story might have worthwhile adult. He has helped to balance. been if there had been an understanding build a family relationship that is a full heart and a guiding hand when the and rewarding experience for every early signs of that child's frustration, member of the family and is the bulwark Father's Day hostility, and insecurity first became of a democratic society. He has re­ evident in his belligerent or perhaps spected the individuality of every mem­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS withdrawn conduct. ber of that family unit so that together OF A child does not turn into a juvenile they are a team, and individually they delinquent overnight. There are many will become democratic adults who can HON. CHARLES A. BOYLE danger signs to the observant father. face any decision, or challenge that life OF ILLINOIS But the danger signs will go unheeded will present to· them. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES unless that father is an astute and sen­ For all of these sacrifices fathers make sitive observer. So many of us in the in giving their children emotional se­ Monday, May 16, 1955 hustle and hurry of modern living at- curity, spiritual guidance, compassion, Mr. BOYLE. Mr. Speaker, with par- tempt to compensate for our failure to and understanding of their fellowmen, donable pride, I take the floor of the provide time, companionship, and so­ I propose that we set aside the third House as Father's Day approaches this ciety by giving our children material Sunday in June of each year as a justly year, in support of a joint resolution ask- gifts and a questionable higher standard earned tribute to the Nation's fathers. ing our President to set aside a day as of living. an official tribute to the millions· of · It is almost impossible for a loving fathers in America. fatner who spends time with his young- This day should stand as a symbol of sters, who plays with them, who dis­ . The Scintilla Division of Bendix Aviation the important role of the head of the cusses their school problems; their family, not just on Father's Day, but friends, and their daily experiences with every day throughout the year. . them, to fail to observe that somethin-g EXTENSION OF REMARKS It has often been said that the home is troubling a child. If his attitude to­ OF is where democracy begins. This is true ward his schoolwork, toward his broth­ because the home is not a place where ers and sisters is an unhea)thy one, this HON.KATHARINEST.GEORGE democracy is merely talked about. It is is the time to set the course ·straight OF NEW YORK not a mere word. It is a way of life that again. When the problem is just devel­ IN 'THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is practiced day in and day out. If every oping, the solution is fairly obvious and Monday, May 16, 1955 member of the family is treated with re- quickly achieved. spect and love; if every member of the Family life is actually the child's first Mrs. ST. GEORGE. Mr. Speaker, in family honors his responsibilities, shares experience in group living, in learning the village of Sidney, in Delaware Coun­ the burdens as well as the pleasures of the joys that come from working together ty, N.Y., which I have the honor to rep­ family life, then we have built a group of as a team, in experiencing the rare pleas­ resent, the Scintilla division of Bendix citizens who will have respect for the ure that comes from understanding that Aviation, is to receive its second star on rights of others and will approach their ·it is truly better to give than to receive. their civil-d~fense flag. responsibilities toward their fellow citi- Family life is the child's first contact We are very proud of the Scintilla Di­ zens and their obligations in a demo- . with discipline. It is where he begins to vision in Delaware County. Their fac­ cratic society with a cooperative spirit appreciate and understand that you tory is ideally situated in a beautiful vil­ and a willing hand. . · · learn to rule by being ruled. lage of 5,000 and their labor-manage­ Since children look to their father as Under the guiding hand of the father ment relations have always been of the an example for their conduct and a and mother working together as a par­ best. guide to follow over the rough road of . ent team, the child comes face to face Mr. John A. MacLachlan, the pub­ growing up, it is his responsibility to set with what is expected of him in his rela­ lisher of the Sidney Enterprise, in a re­ a standard of conduct in his relations -tions with the other members of the cent letter to me, has this to say about with the family that will be worthy of family and society. Here the child will Scintilla: emulation. Fatherhood is the highest acquire the spiritual values which will Scintilla division of the Bendix Aviation, fiduciary relationship. It demands that develop into his philosophy of life. which as you know is our big Sidney in­ he set aside the time and develop the The father's role is not an easy one. dustry (employment about 4,000 people) is patience that will make him the kind of With 10% million married women em­ to be honored next week by receiving the father that is always available when his played in the new social structure, the second star in their civil-defense flag. The children have a problem, when they feel amount of time available for supervision presentation is to be made by Lt. Gen. C. R. Huebner, New York State, director of civil the need to talk over some little diffi- and rearing of children of necessity has defense. culty-no matter how small this prob- become limited in a number of homes. Scintilla is the first industrial plant in New lem may be. A small problem to an Many additional chores of family up­ York State to achieve the honor of being a adult·mind may be a huge burden in the bringing have now in the new order three-time winner. First the flag, then one mind of a child. It is the father's heavy fallen to him. star, and now the second.

our hearts unto wisdom. Consecrate those who -are able to say at the last, SENATE with Thy presence the way our feet may '"I have fought a good fight, I have kept go, and the humblest work will shine and the faith." In the name of the Master T u ESDAY, MAY 17, 1955 · the roughest places be made plain. of all good workmen, we ask it. Amen.