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Tamil Development A5
TAMIL DEVELOPMENT DEMAND NO. 46 POLICY NOTE 2014-2015 K.C. Veeramani Minister for School Education © Government of Tamil Nadu 2014 DEPARTMENT OF TAMIL DEVELOPMENT POLICY NOTE 2014-2015 INDEX S.NO. SUBJECT PAGE 1 Introduction .. 1-7 2 Department of Tamil Development .. 8-26 3 Translation Wing – Secretariat .. 27-28 4 Directorate of Etymological Dictionary .. 29-30 Project 5 International Institute of Tamil Studies .. 31-40 6 Tamil University, Thanjavur .. 41-60 7 World Tamil Sangam, Madurai .. 61-65 8 Institute of Asian Studies .. 66-68 9 Three years Landmark Achievements .. 69-77 of Tamil Development 10 Conclusion .. 78-79 11 Plan Estimates for 2014-2015 .. 80-81 12 Part II Schemes for 2014-2015 .. 82 TAMIL DEVELOPMENT AND INFORMATION DEPARTMENT TAMIL DEVELOPMENT POLICY NOTE 2014-2015 Introduction “Let the life of Tamils who rise up by sheer hard work Shine like the days of spring! Let the race of Tamils succeed in all its ventures!” “ciH¥ghš caU« jäHç‹ thœbtšyh« trªj fhykhŒ xëu£L«! jäêd« mid¤ÂY« bt‰¿ thif Nl£L«! Hon’ble Chief Minister Puratchi Thalaivi Amma Our Mother Tongue Tamil is so ancient. None could ascertain its origin. As the time of origin could not be ascertained, the ancient glory of Tamil race is explained by the poet Iyanaridanar (Iadhçjdh®) the author Duty expects not anything in return Just as rain expects none. Kural 211 1 of “Puraporul Vennbamalai” (òw¥bghUŸ bt©ghkhiy) in the stanza that follows. It’s no wonder nor amazement to know That Tamils were the ancient race, Primordial That it drove off the faulsities and flaws And accrued name and fame each day Amongst humanity born with sword Even before the emergence of soil After the hard palm – sized rubbles peeped up From the ocean wave that lashes around the earth. -
Unit 1 Sangam Literature: an Introduction
UNIT 1 SANGAM LITERATURE: AN INTRODUCTION Structure 1.0 Objectives 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Early Sangam Literature 1.3 Tamil Poetics & Sanskrit Poetics 1.4 Themes in Tamil Poetry as per Sangam Poetics 1.5 Jainism and the Self in Cilappatikaran 1.6 Locating the Cilappatikaran 1.7 Let Us Sum Up 1.8 Questions 1.0 OBJECTIVES In this unit we will look at what Sangam Literature is as most of us would not really be aware of it. We may know about the Ramayana and the Mahabharata but may not be aware of the Literature from the South of our country. We also need to have some understanding of this classical literary tradition from the south as the epic under consideration is an ancient Tamil epic belonging to the Sangam Period. We will trace the growth and development of Sangam Literature and then locate the epic under consideration Cilappatikaran. 1.1 INTRODUCTION Indian Literature is a vast area comprising numerous diverse traditions which resulted in a vast and a complex literature in the last 3500 years. Every part of India has produced classical literature in various Indian languages. The literature produced in ancient India includes the Vedic corpus along with the Puranas, the Jain agamas and traditions and the vast literature produced during the Buddhist period which incorporates writings across Asia. The south of India has 4 major languages namely Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam and Telugu. All of them are classical languages with a robust literary tradition and Tamil literary history is of nearly two millennia. Sangam Literature also spelled cankam/ chankam/shangam according to the Encyclopaedia Britannica, refers to a body of ancient Tamil writings probably produced during the “chankams/ literary academies located in Maturai, Tamil Nadu from the 4th to the 1st Century”. -
Sacredkuralortam00tiruuoft Bw.Pdf
THE HERITAGE OF INDIA SERIES Planned by J. N. FARQUHAR, M.A., D.Litt. (Oxon.), D.D. (Aberdeen). Right Reverend V. S. AZARIAH, LL.D. (Cantab.), Bishop of Dornakal. E. C. BEWICK, M.A. (Cantab.) J. N. C. GANGULY. M.A. (Birmingham), {TheDarsan-Sastri. Already published The Heart of Buddhism. K. J. SAUNDERS, M.A., D.Litt. (Cantab.) A History of Kanarese Literature, 2nd ed. E. P. RICE, B.A. The Samkhya System, 2nd ed. A. BERRDZDALE KEITH, D.C.L., D.Litt. (Oxon.) As"oka, 3rd ed. JAMES M. MACPHAIL, M.A., M.D. Indian Painting, 2nd ed. Principal PERCY BROWN, Calcutta. Psalms of Maratha Saints. NICOL MACNICOL, M.A. D.Litt. A History of Hindi Literature. F. E. KEAY, M.A. D.Litt. The Karma-Mlmamsa. A. BERRIEDALE KEITH, D.C.L., D.Litt. (Oxon.) Hymns of the Tamil aivite Saints. F. KINGSBURY, B.A., and G. E. PHILLIPS, M.A. Hymns from the Rigveda. A. A. MACDONELL, M.A., Ph.D., Hon. LL.D. Gautama Buddha. K. J. SAUNDERS, M.A., D.Litt. (Cantab.) The Coins of India. C. J. BROWN, M.A. Poems by Indian Women. MRS. MACNICOL. Bengali Religious Lyrics, Sakta. EDWARD THOMPSON, M.A., and A. M. SPENCER, B.A. Classical Sanskrit Literature, 2nd ed. A. BERRIEDALE KEITH, D.C.L., D.Litt. (Oxon.). The Music of India. H. A. POPLEY, B.A. Telugu Literature. P. CHENCHIAH, M.L., and RAJA M. BHUJANGA RAO BAHADUR. Rabindranath Tagore, 2nd ed. EDWARD THOMPSON, M.A. Hymns of the Alvars. J. S. M. HOOPER, M.A. (Oxon.), Madras. -
Inner Meaning of Human History.Pmd
THE INNER MEANING OF HUMAN HISTORY Collected works of Dr. Justice S. Maharajan Compiled and Published by: M.Chidambaram First Edition, 2012 © M.Chidambaram All Rights Reserved Price: Rs. 450 The cost of publishing this book is borne by the grand children of Justice. S.Maharajan. The proceeds from the sale of this book will go to charitable organizations. Cover Design: Ramkumar M Typeset by : Fairy Lass M Printed at : Books available at: Kalaignan Pathippagam 10, Kannadasan Salai, T.Nagar, Chennai 600 017 044-24345641 Published by : M.Chidambaram 31- Vijayaragava Road, T. Nagar, Chennai 600 017 E-mail: [email protected] CONTENT Foreword . 5 1. The Inner Meaning of Human History as Disclosing the One Increasing Purpose that runs through the Ages . 15 2. The Culture of Tamils . 51 3. Tiruvalluvar . 73 4. Kamban . 201 5. Tirumoolar and the Eighteen Siddhas . 327 6. Saint Arunagiri Nathar, The Mystic . 347 7. T.K.C. The Man of letters . 355 8. Rajaji’s Contribution to Tamil Prose . 361 9. Prof. A. Srinivasa Raghavan - as a Critic . 371 10. Thondaman – A Great Literary Force . 377 11. Some Problems of Shakespeare Translation into Tamil. 383 3 12. Some Problems of Law Translation into the Indian languages . 403 13. Administration of Franco- Indian Laws - Some Glimpses. 415 14. The English and the French Systems of Jurisprudence . 447 15. Address At The Conference Of District Judges and District Magistrates . 457 16. Reflections of a Retired Judge . 471 17. The High-Brow . 481 18. My experience in inter-faith dialogue . 489 19. The Gandhian Epic in Contemporary Society . -
Translating Tamil Caṅkam Poetry: Taking Stock
Orientalistische Literaturzeitung 2020; 115(4–5): 287–303 Herman Tieken Translating Tamil Caṅkam Poetry: Taking Stock https://doi.org/10.1515/olzg-2020-0096 in an “Afterword” in each book.2 His translations are a true pleasure to read and have no doubt attracted many stu- Wilden, Eva: Naṟṟiṇai. A Critical Edition and an Annotated dents to the study of Classical Tamil. A sense of the same Translation of the Naṟṟiṇai. Pondichéry: École française ambition may be gained from the translations by George d’Extrême-Orient / Chennai: Tamilmann Patippakam L. Hart III,3 Hart and Hank Heifetz4 (henceforth HH), M. 2008. Volume I: Naṟṟiṇai 1–200. xvii, 1–459 S., Volume II: Shanmugam Pillai and David E. Ludden,5 and Martha Naṟṟiṇai 201–400. xv, 460–860 S., Volume III: Word Index Ann Selby,6 as well as, to a lesser extent, from those by of the Naṟṟiṇai. viii, 421 S. 8°. = Critical Texts of Caṅkam J. V. Chelliah,7 V. Murugan8 or A. Dakshinamurthy9. This Literature 1.1–1.3. Brosch. ₹ 1500, € 48,00. ISBN 978-2- does not mean, however, that these translations are accu- 85539-672-9. rate. Their authors tend to follow the commentaries, old Wilden, Eva: Kuṟuntokai. A Critical Edition and an Anno- ones if available, and, if not, modern ones produced by tated Translation of the Kuṟuntokai. Pondichéry: École the nineteenth- or twentieth-century editors of the texts. française d’Extrême-Orient / Chennai: Tamilmann Patip- What is striking is the seemingly complete absence on the pakam 2010. Volume I: Kuṟuntokai 1–200. x, 1–479 S., translators’ part of an urge to question the interpretations Volume II: Kuṟuntokai 201–401. -
ANNEXURE 5.8 (CHAPTER V, PARA 25) FORM 9 List of Applications For
09/04/2019 Form9 Print ANNEXURE 5.8 (CHAPTER V, PARA 25) FORM 9 List of Applications for inclusion received in Form 6 Designated location identity (where Constituency (Assembly/£Parliamentary): Salem (West) Revision identity applications have been received) From date To date @ 2. Period of applications (covered in this list) 1. List number 31/01/2019 31/01/2019 3. Place of hearing* Serial Name of Father / $ Date of Date of Time of number Name of claimant Mother / Husband and Place of residence of receipt hearing* hearing* (Relationship)# application 2/2 K A S 1 31/01/2019 SANTHIYA Baburao (F) NAGAR, Kottagoundampatti, Omalur, , SALEM Jothilakshmi 4/216, Iyyappa nagar,opp govt medical 2 31/01/2019 Vinoth Vinoth (H) Jothilakshmi college, Pagalpatty, , SALEM NAVANEETHA 34, MICRO TOWER, JAGIR 3 31/01/2019 MURUGAN (F) KRISHNAN RETTIPATTI, , SALEM 997, Bharathi Nagar, Jagir 4 31/01/2019 Hemalatha Srinivasan (F) Ammapalayam, , SALEM F1, ANANDHAM 5 31/01/2019 KALYANI KRISHNAN (H) APARTMENT, NAGARAMALAI ADIVARAM, REDDIYUR, , SALEM F1 ANANDHAM SEETHALAKSHMI 6 31/01/2019 ANAND (H) APARTMENT, NAGARAMALAI ADIVARAM, REDDIYUR, , SALEM F1 ANANDHAM 7 31/01/2019 KRISHNAN M MANI IYER (F) APARTMENT, NAGARAMALAI ADIVARAM, REDDIYUR, , SALEM F1 ANANDHAM 8 31/01/2019 ANAND KRISHNAN (F) APARTMENT, NAGARAMALAI ADIVARAM, REDDIYUR, , SALEM 264, ARUNNAGAR 9 31/01/2019 Krishnan Kannan (F) ANNEXE, Periyapudur, salem, , SALEM KEERTHIVARMAN 457/4, THIRU NAGAR EXTENSION, STATE 10 31/01/2019 SRINIVASAN (F) BANK COLONY, , SALEM VARATHARAJA 457/4, THIRU NAGAR EXTENSION, STATE -
Tiruvalluvar.Pdf
9 788126 053216 9 788126 053216 TIRUVALLUVAR The sculpture reproduced on the end paper depicts a scene where three soothsayers are interpreting to King Śuddhodana the dream of Queen Māyā, mother of Lord Buddha. Below them is seated a scribe recording the interpretation. This is perhaps the earliest available pictorial record of the art of writing in India. From: Nagarjunakonda, 2nd century A.D. Courtesy: National Museum, New Delhi MAKERS OF INDIAN LITERATURE TIRUVALLUVAR by S. Maharajan Sahitya Akademi Tiruvalluvar: A monograph in English on Tiruvalluvar, eminent Indian philosopher and poet by S. Maharajan, Sahitya Akademi, New Delhi: 2017, ` 50. Sahitya Akademi Head Office Rabindra Bhavan, 35, Ferozeshah Road, New Delhi 110 001 Website: http://www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in Sales Office ‘Swati’, Mandir Marg, New Delhi 110 001 E-mail: [email protected] Regional Offices 172, Mumbai Marathi Grantha Sangrahalaya Marg, Dadar Mumbai 400 014 Central College Campus, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Veedhi Bengaluru 560 001 4, D.L. Khan Road, Kolkata 700 025 Chennai Office Main Guna Building Complex (second floor), 443, (304) Anna Salai, Teynampet, Chennai 600 018 First Published: 1979 Second Edition: 1982 Reprint: 2017 © Sahitya Akademi ISBN: 978-81-260-5321-6 Rs. 50 Printed by Sita Fine Arts Pvt. Ltd., A-16, Naraina Industrial Area Phase-II, New Delhi 110028 CONTENTS Introduction 7 The Times and Teachings of Tiruvalluvar 11 Translations and Citations 19 The Personality of Tiruvalluvar 25 Interpretation of the Kural 33 Word-worship 37 Sensual Love 41 Architectonics of the Kural 47 Some Glimpses of Tiruvalluvar 54 Valluvar at the World Vegetarian Congress 71 Valluvar’s Blue Print for the Evolution of Man 73 The Bard of Universal Man 98 APPENDIX Transliteration of Tamil words with diacritical marks 105 Bibliography 106 1 INTRODUCTION Though Tiruvalluvar lived about 2000 years ago, it does not seem he is dead. -
Poetics of Place in Early Tamil Literature by Vangal N Muthukumar
Poetics of place in early Tamil literature by Vangal N Muthukumar A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in South and Southeast Asian Studies in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor George L. Hart, Chair Professor Munis D. Faruqui Professor Robert P. Goldman Professor Bonnie C. Wade Fall 2011 Poetics of place in early Tamil literature Copyright 2011 by Vangal N Muthukumar 1 Abstract Poetics of place in early Tamil literature by Vangal N Muthukumar Doctor of Philosophy in South and Southeast Asian Studies University of California, Berkeley Professor George L. Hart, Chair In this dissertation, I discuss some representations of place in early (ca. 100 CE - 300 CE) Tamil poetry collectively called caṅkam literature. While previous research has emphasized the im- portance of place as landscape imagery in these poems, it has seldom gone beyond treating landscape / place as symbolic of human emotionality. I argue that this approach does not ad- dress the variety in the representation of place seen in this literature. To address this the- oretical deficiency, I study place in caṅkam poetry as having definite ontological value and something which is immediately cognized by the senses of human perception. Drawing from a range of texts, I will argue that in these poems, the experience of place emerges in a di- alogic between the human self and place - a dialogic which brings together sensory experi- ence, perception, memory, and various socio-cultural patterns; place, in these poems, is not as much an objective geographical entity as it is the process of perception itself. -
The Deviant Loves of Classical Tamil Love Poetry
Int.J.Eng.Lang.Lit&Trans.StudiesINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE, Vol.3.Issue. LITERATURE 2.2016 (Apr-Jun) AND TRANSLATION STUDIES (IJELR) A QUARTERLY, INDEXED, REFEREED AND PEER REVIEWED OPEN ACCESS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL http://www.ijelr.in KY PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH ARTICLE ARTICLE Vol. 3. Issue.2.,2016 (April-June ) THE DEVIANT LOVES OF CLASSICAL TAMIL LOVE POETRY Dr M NAZIR ALI Associate Professor of English, Kanchi Mamunivar Centre for PG Studies, Puducherry ABSTRACT The Tamil concept of love is broadly divided into three categories: kaikkilai, aintinai and peruntinai. This division has been done by Tolkappiar, author of Tolkappiam, considered to be the founding text for the whole of classical Tamil literature, popularly known as Sangam Literature. This article focuses on kaikkilai, the one-sided love and peruntinai, the mismatched love. It ponders over the marginality of these two aspects of love and explores whether any ulterior motive lurks behind the marginalisation of these akam aspects and the canonisation of the aintinai aspects Dr M NAZIR ALI and reaches the conclusion that there is a measure of politics at play in this hierarchisation. It supports this conclusion not only from evidence borrowed from studies carried out in the past but also the findings from contemporary research. It tries to envision the kind of Tamil literature which would have evolved had these impulses been allowed to take their natural course. Key words: kaikkilai, peruntinai, akam, matal, tinai, carnivalesque ©KY PUBLICATIONS INTRODUCTION There are five aspects of love in Classical Tamil Love Poetry, which, for the sake of brevity, we shall call “akam” poetry. -
The Carving of Kṛṣṇa's Legend
religions Article The Carving of Kr.s.n. a’s Legend: North and South, Back and Forth Charlotte Schmid French School of the Far East (École Française d’Extrême-Orient), 75116 Paris, France; [email protected] Received: 26 June 2020; Accepted: 11 August 2020; Published: 25 August 2020 Abstract: This paper emphasizes the role played by the sculptural tradition in the elaboration of religious narratives that today are mostly studied through texts. It aims to demonstrate that according to the documents we know, the legend of Kr.s.n. a has been built through one continuous dialogue between different media, namely texts and carvings, and different linguistic areas, Indo-Aryan and Dravidian. Taking the motif of the butter theft as a basis, we stress the role played by the sculptural tradition and Tamil poetry, two elements less studied than others, at the foundation of a pan-Indian Kr.s.n. a-oriented heritage. We posit that the iconographic formula of the cowherds’ station as the significant background of the infancy of Kr.s.n. a led to the motif of the young god stealing butter in the texts, through the isolation of one significant element of the early sculpted images. The survey of the available documents leads to the conclusion that, in the southern part of the peninsula, patterns according to which stone carvings were done have been a source of inspiration in Tamil literature. Poets writing in Tamil authors knew texts transmitted in Sanskrit, Prakrit,¯ and Pali,¯ and they certainly had listened to some others to which we have no access today. -
Eva Maria Wilden Manuscript, Print and Memory Studies in Manuscript Cultures
Eva Maria Wilden Manuscript, Print and Memory Studies in Manuscript Cultures Edited by Michael Friedrich Harunaga Isaacson Jörg B. Quenzer Volume 3 Eva Maria Wilden Manuscript, Print and Memory Relics of the Caṅkam in Tamilnadu ISBN 978-3-11-034089-1 e-ISBN 978-3-11-035276-4 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-038779-7 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliographie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2014 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/München/Boston Typesetting: Dörlemann Satz, Lemförde Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck ♾ Printed on acid-free paper Printed in Germany www.degruyter.com To the memory of T. V. Gopal Iyer and T. S. Gangadharan, men of deep learning and dedication, two in the long line of Tamil Brahmin scholars and teachers Preface After more than ten years of searching, digitising and editing manuscripts the series of critical editions published by the Caṅkam project of the École Fran- çaise d’Extrême Orient in Pondicherry is now complemented by an introductory volume of historical studies into the transmission of the texts and their witnesses. A three-years stay, from July 2008 to June 2011, in the Hamburg Research Group entitled “Textual Variance in Dependence on the Medium”, graciously funded by the German Research Association, enabled me to win the necessary distance from my ongoing labour in the jungle of actual textual variation to try to give an outline of the larger picture for one instance of a phenomenon known in cultural history, namely the formation, deformation and reformation of a literary canon over a period of almost two thousand years. -
TRANSLATING THIRUKKURAL General Introduction There Are
TRANSLATING THIRUKKURAL General Introduction There are many avenues a writer may scribble along, & among them is the process of recreating creation – that is to say the arduous rewording of the great works of ancient masters. This method was the core of the 16th century Renaissance – the new birth – where the lore‐caskets of Arabian, Greek & Latin wisdom were studied, assimilated & regurgitated by European writers. A century later came the Georgian translations of Homer’s epics, & more recently Ezra pound’s 20th century recreations of Confucius. It is in a similar capacity that I have been engaged, resulting in a new version of the Kural of Thiruvalluvar, or as it is more commonly known, Thirukkural. This 2000‐year‐old treatise on the art of living is ranked as the first book of the Tamils – that ancient, heroic, dark‐ skinned race that dwells in both Tamil Nadu & Sri Lanka. As I.A. Richards noted, ‘great cultures start in poetry,’ & it is with the Tamils that this is particularly notable. Their literature is held in the national esteem far greater than many other around the globe, the writers of which are elevated to the level of saints. Foremost among them is Thiruvalluvar, the creator of the Thirukkural, a timeless text that, as the giant of Tamil studies GU Pope observed; “Outweighs the whole of remaining Tamil literature, & is one of the select number of great works, which have entered into the very soul of a whole people & which can never die “ Or is, more simply, in the words of John Lazurus; The moral soil of Tamil Nadu WB Yeats once opined, “The work of a supreme culture, they yet appear as much the growth of common soil as the grass & the rushes.