HOUSE of REPRESENTATIVES Stanley Walderll Lar Selander, 05534T

1950 CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD-. ~OUSE 6075 Wylie Scott Reynolds, Jr., 041094. Harold Lloyd Cummings, 031194. Madeline Marie Ullom, N12S. George Horace Ried, 027032. William Joseph Deragisch, 031202. Lena Vanderwood, N57. Richard Mahlon Ripley, 037760. Floyd Colvin Egger, 052065. To be captain, Army Nurse Corps Edward Alfred Robinson, 037735. John Dietrich Flintjer, 056920. William Adolph Roemer, 037665. Frnnk Fortunato, 0 56387. Catherine El~zabeth Francis, Nl383. X George Sibley Royal, 055598. Ivan Magill Foster, 031215. To be majors, Women's Medical Specialist Clyde McLain Rm:sell, 055518. 'Richard Robert Freeman, 056189. Corps Earl Lester Russell, Jr., 037829. X Lee Allen Grove, 056187. Helena Dolores Quinn, R10066. Richard Theodore St. Sauver, 037658. Vincent Isherwood Hack, 043206. Ruby Zillah Winslow, R10006. J ames Howard Scheer, 037749. Wade Fredwick Hampton, 043190. Robert James Schmidt, 041088. Donald Leslie Hitchings, 052081. R ichard Harry Schoning, 037663. J ames Lowry Ingram, 031201. J ack Emerson Schroeder, 036460. Glenn Clarence Irving, 043197. Richard Louis Seidel, 039355. George Wilson Johnston, 031184. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Stanley Walderll_lar Selander, 05534t. X Gordon Andrew Jones, 031090. J ohn Marior Shaw, 049362. Converse Rising Lewis, Jr., 043203. MONDAY, MAY 1, 1950 Byron Eliot Sheppard, 039353. Arthur Richard McAlpine, 056188. Charles Frederick Sieber, Jr., 049615. Kermit James Mccaslin, 031096. The House met at 12 o'clock noon. Irvin Dennis Smith, Jr., 039399. Edward Joseph Mcintyre, 031152. Robert McKain Smith, 03.9408. Harold George Molyneaux, 056193. The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Bras George Murrell Snead, Jr.. 027028. X Ernest Kimball Montague, 056890. kamp, D. D., offered the following X Quentin Cletus Soprano, 037830. Arlice Jackson Moore, 031154. prayer: Donald Norrish Sproul, 049441. X Earl Lee Moore, 056921 O Thou whose blessings far outnum Rudolph William Staffa, 049348. Carl -William Nicolary, 031226. ber our many needs, we rejoice that Arthur Jefferson Steele, 037832. Be:r. F. Peake, 031168. Horace- Griffin Stephenson, 055488. Emmett Lenard Peterson, 031138. Thou art willing and able to do for us John Allen Stewart, Jr., 037800. John Paul Ransom, 031140. exceeding abundantly above all we can Whitney Douglas Stuart, 037788. Richard Newton Roerig, 043180. ask or think. J ames Allen Suddeth, 055222. James Wesley Rowe, 031216. Grant that in this moment of prayer Peter Cornelius Sweers, Jr., 039371. Percy Rudolph Shealey, 031164. there may come to us a new nativity of Charles Carroll Thebaud, 038008. Andrew Joseph Stack, 031126. the cardinal virtues of faith, hope, and Milton Roy Thompson, 049532. X Oliver Harold Steed, 043177: love. X Richard Ferdinand Thomure, 049440. Alfred Chanslor Strode, 040129. Inspire us with a more daring venture John Edward Truog, 055415. Alfred Leo Taro, 056882. Walter Morrow Turner, 037963. David Tatch, 031116. of faith as we labor together for the James Joseph Ursano, 03.7890. Robert Eli Watson, 031229. peace of the world. Stanley Carl Waldner, 039358. Irving Barton Wiley, 031132. Illumine our minds with a radiant Joseph Walker, Jr., 037817. Wendell Reed Wilkin, 052080. hope as we walk reverently and humbly Robert Benjamin Walker, 039384. Elwood Wrig~1t, 031192. in the ways of our blessed Lord who Gene Allison Walters, 037805. Virgil Templeman Yates, 052069. alone is our light in times of darkness Ralph Charles Wardlow, 049516. The following-named officers for promo and despair. Virgil Lee Warner, Jr., 041122. tion in the · Regular Army of the United Enlarge our · hearts with a love that Francis Marion Watson, Jr .• 039381. States under. the provisions of section 107 of Robert Alden Webster, Jr., 055579. casts out fear, a love that seeketh not the Army-Navy Nurses Act of 1947. Those her own, a love that is ready to make any Othon Emmett Wedbush, 055231. officers whose names are preceded by the Frederick Alven Well$, 027025. symbol ( X ) are subject to physical examina-, sacrifice for the eternal glory of God and XWayne Henry Wernimont, 038017. tion required by law. All others have been the good of humanity. Jesse Leonard Wheeler, Jr., 049154. ~xamined and found physically qu~lified for To Thy name we ascribe the praise. Fred Renner White, 049616. promotion. Amen. Lawrence Joseph White, 037738. David Harrison Williams, ·Jr:, 038029; To be lieutenant colonels, Army Nurse Corps The Journal of the proceedings of Robert James Williams, 049162. Kilie Elvira Bridger, N84. Friday, April 28, 1950, was read and X William Rosser Williams, Jr., 037675. Ruby Ficklin Bryant, N79. approved. Warren William Witt, 049370. Hazel Irene Burford, N549. REPUBLIC OF ISRAEL X Carroll Hamilton Wood, 027024. Sylvia Mae Evans, N536. Wilbert . Tucker Woodson, Jr., 049358 Marie Stella Galloway, N511. Mr. JACKSON of Washington. Mr. Myron DeWayne Yantis, 038014. Inez Haynes, N88. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex X Robert Miles Young, 037803. >CHINA just. Let us correct it at once. Stop England and the fishing industry of Mr. SMITH of Wisconsin. Mr. Speak spending~ ·Massachusetts if our resentment is not er, I ask unanimous consent to address· Be wise and economize. lodged· at once with the State Depart the House for 1 minute and to revise and ment. I think that all of us shoultl pro extend my remarks. SPECIAL ORDER GRANTED test strenuously to the State Department The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Mr. MASON asked and was given per the seizure of these five American fish the request of the gentleman from Wis mission to address the House for 15 min ing vessels by the Republic of Mexico and. consin? utes tomorrow on the subject of Ameri further we should support House Reso There was no objection. canism versus Communism, following lution 558 which has for its purpose an Mr. SMITH of Wisconsin. Mr. Speak the legislative program and any special immediate investigation by the Secretaz:y er, on last Friday several distinguished orders heretofore.entered. · · of State. citizens of this country, men who have MEXICO SEIZES AMERICAN VESSELS ON PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE been identified with the State Depart THE HIGH SEAS ment, rose in unison to say to the people Mr. PHILBIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask of this country that so far as the Lat Mr. ALLEN of California. Mr. Speak unanimous consent to address the House timore doctrine is concerned the State er, I ask unanimous consent to address for 1 minute and to revise and extend Department at no time fallowed that the House for 1 minute and to revise and· my remarks. doctrine. extend my remarks. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Mr. Speaker, surely historians will re The SPEAKER. is there objection to the request of the gentleman from Mas cord that the debacle in China has been the request of the gentleman from Cali sachusetts? our greatest diplomatic defeat. If Lat fornia? There was no objection. timore and Service did not write that There was no objection. [Mr. PHILBIN addressed the House. policy, then the people of this country Mr. ALLEN of California. Mr. Speak His remarks appear in the Appendix.] are entitled to know who did. The re er, it is seldom that the House is called MEXICAN SHRIMP BOAT SEIZURE sults are identical with those advocated upon to give its attention to the prob by Lattimore. The people have lost lems of the fisheries of the Nation. The Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. faith in the State Department in view· seizure by Mexico .of five American-flag Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad of the results in China. All the facts fishing vessels and their American crews dress the House for 1 minute and to re should be exposed by the Department, calls attention to the denial of rights vise and extend my remarks. that is the only way public confidence which we claim for our citizens and to Mr. SPEAKER. Is there objection to will be restored. the silnilar problem which involves sev-· the request of the. gentlewoman from eral other nations. Massachusetts? ECONOMY IN GOVERNMENT Waters within the 3-mile limit are rec There was . no objection. Mr. RICH. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani ognized to be territorial waters of the Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr .. mous consent to address the House for 1 nation which they border. The waters Speaker, I join with the gentleman from minute and to revise and exten.d my beyond are customarily considered to be Massachusetts and the gentlemen from remarks. · international waters open to the vessels Texas with regard to the very unfortu The SPEAKER. Is there objection to of all nations. Mexico has recently as nate incident of the seizure by the Mexi the request of the gentleman from Penn serted a claim to jurisdiction over fishing can authorities of our fishing vessels off sylvania? in all waters within a 9-mile limit and · the coast of Mexico. I am taking it up There was no objection. has seized our vessels and men fishing with the State Department. Such inci Mr. RICH. Mr. Speaker, I am always 9 miles from the Mexican shore. Should dent with the resulting loss to our fish interested in thrifty people and econ the action go unprotested, our rights will ing industry and injustice to the United omy in Government. In talking to some be prejudiced. Other nations which States cannot be tolerated. We have the of the lady Members of Congress I found have evidenced similar intentions to e~- i950 ' CO'N.GRESSIONAL- RECORD-HO.USE 6079 \ elude our fishing vessels from waters dis:. I compliment former President Her-· County have be.eri forced to permanently tant from their shores are observing our bert Hoover on his outstanding addreS"s suspend work on the 28th of April this actions. We should not encourage them last Thurs.day night. I agree with Mr. year. Families comprising 2,100 people to attempt to carry out any such inten Hoover that if Russia will not agree to have been given notice to vacate their tions. changes in the United Nations which will homes, which are owned by the coal com Our industry is an important one to us. make it arr effective organization for pany, by this coming June. These min In a typical prewar year, 124,800 fisher world peace that we must insist on reor ers and their families who have depended men caught 4,400,000,000 pounds of fish. ganization without Russia. We must on coal production at this mine for half In 1943, the value of the product was recognize that we cannot adopt their a century wil~ find themselves in a seri about $600,000,000. The capitalized atheistic philosophy, and we must organ ous predicament. This project will have value of our fishery resources is about ize Christian nations to save the world: to be reconstructed sooner or later, and $5,800,000,000. We cannot stand idly by I do not believe there is any other way. prompt action on .the part of the Con while other nations attempt to appro SPECIAL ORDER GRANTED gress at this time will relieve the hard priate to themselves the raw material ships attendant upon the losing of their upon which our industry has every right Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan asked and jobs by these miners. I hope that the to depend. was given permission to address the Public Lands Committee will take action California is especially concerned. It House for 1ff minutes on Wednesday immediately, and that the Congress will produces about one-fourth of the fish of next, following the legislative program reenact this bill, which has already had the Nation. Management and men alike and any special orders heretofore en the approval of both the House and the request action. tered. BEANS Senate. Mr. Speaker, I hope that our State De AMENDING THE ARMED FORCES LEAVE partment will take prompt apd effective Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. ACT action to protect American rights and Speaker, l ask unanimous consent to ad interests against the announced claims dress the House for 1 minute and to Mr. COLE of New York. Mr. Speaker, of Mexico and will set precedents which revise and extend my remarks. after consultation with the majority and will deter other nations from violation The SPEAKER. Is there objection to minority leaders, and the approval of of our rights in the fisheries in interna the request of the gentleman from Mich the chairman of the Committee on tional waters, and that the House will igan? Armed Forces, I ask unanimous consent adopt House Resolution 558 calling upon There was no objection. for the immediate consideration of the the Secretary of State to investigate im Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. bill Minnesota. Mr. clude the program of the Army Chemical Iowa, it seems to me that although we Speaker, I make the point of order that Corps, which is estimated by the Public may spend no more money the Military a quorum is not present. Printer to cost $218.68. Establishment will not be getting any The SPEAKER. The Chair will count, THE CONSENT CALENDAR service or work out of these people who but the Chair must state that we rear The SPEAKIDR. This is Consent Cal are on the 60-day leave, and as a result ranged the program for Monday and endar Day. The Clerk will call the first there will be a material loss to the Fed Tuesday of this week so that Members bill on the calendar. eral Government. could go away to attend their primaries, Mr. STEFAN. Mr. Speaker, will the both Democrats and Republicans. The AMENDMENT OF CIVIL SERVICE gentleman yield? Chair has no control over the gentleman RETIREMENT ACT Mr. FORD. I yield. from Minnesota, however. The Clerk called the bill that might flow therefrom, some mem tion today. to provide for payment of amounts due ber of the committee may be in a posi The SPEAKER. It is the gentleman's mentally incompetent personnel of the tion. then to make a satisfactory expla privilege to ..ask for a quorum any time Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine . Corps, nation in relation thereto. he pleases. Coast Guard, Coast and Geodetic Sur Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, will Is there objection to the present con vey, and Public Health Service. the gentleman yield? sideration of the bill? The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Mr. McCORMACK. I yield to the· Mr. TRIMBLE. Mr. Speaker, for the the present consideration of the bill? gentleman f~om Iowa. same reasons as stated at the time this Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, re Mr. CUNNINGHAM. I appreciate calendar was -called previously, I ask serving the right to object, I recognize what the gentleman has said. As I in-: unanimous consent that this bill be the desirable objectives of this bill, but terpret this measu're, it would be pos-· passed over without prejudice. when we permit a department to desig sible, if this bill became law, for a rep The SPEAKER. Is there objection to nate-a person who will occupy the posi resentative or member of the incompe- · the request of the gentleman from Ar tion of conservator or guardian of a per tent family to, over a period of years, kansas? sori incapable of ·handling his or her receive a very large amount of money There was no objection. funds, in this case money received from and not have to put up any bond or in the Federal Government, and it is with SETTLEMENT OF CERTAIN PARTS OF demnity to guarantee supervision· over out limitation, it seems to me there the mentally incompetent at a later date. ALASKA BY WAR VETERANS should be very careful safeguards be The Clerk called the bill ~ credited to the consideration determined west quarter southwest quarter, section 32, thousand eight _hundred and sixty feet (or to be.paid for tl:,l.~ land patented hereunder. and all that part of section 31 lying · south XCVI-384 6084 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE

of Fourche La Fave River, except a tract of EXCHANGE OF LAND IN ROSS COUNTY, · · ~(b ) The· Postmaster General- ls 'iiuthor- thirty-seven and ninety-seven one-hun OHIO 1zed. to pay each postal employee who was so dredths acres formerly owned by Carson ~etaUed a;fter January 24, 1948,-and prior to Flewellen, containing three hundred twenty The Clerk called the bill

Educational Social welfare · High ways and bridges Indian agents Fiscal years ending June 80- and attor· Thomas Indian Annual total 'neys School Agricultural Maintenance Reservation extension Medical and of Indian Maintenance New construe· schools work nursing poor and repair tion

191L ••••••••••••••••••••••• ----•••• - $1, 095. 90 W,022.37 $12, 031. 00 ------$300 $3, 877. 83 $87, 750. 00 $68, 705. 90 $146, 077. 10 1912_------1, 095. 90 44, 674. 42 10,046. 29 ------300 2, 184. 57 59, 182. 00 ...... 186, 189. 08 1913. ------1, 095. 90 65, 082. 86 15, 557. 13 ------300 1, 711. 07 76, 655. 00 ------150, 401. 96 1914_ ------1, 095. 90 46,001. 47 16, 000. 00 ------300 6, 854. 55 40, 000. 00 134, 394. 28 244, 646. 20 1915 •• ------1, 095. 90 47, 896. 95 29,000.00 ------1, 200 5, 509. 31 40, 495. 66 53, 765. 34 178, 693. 16 1916. ------1, 095. 90 45, 969. 28 17, 795. 74 ------1, 200 5, 664. 23 40, 814. 56 72, 637. 02 185, 176. 73 1917. ------1,095. so 66, 641. 69 18, 000. 00 ------1, 200 8, 862. 50 51, 388. 35 ------147, 188. 44 1918 __ ----- __ _. __ ------1, 095. 90 70,318. 45 22, 900.00 ------1, 200 8, 348. 39 62, 364. 53 ------166, 227. 27 1919 __ _- -• ------1, 095. 90 74,879. 06 21, 945. 00 ------1, 200 7, 823. 92 82, 164. 74 ------.. -- 189, 108. 62 192.Q __ -- ~------• ------•• ------1, 095. 90 107,386. 08 23, 465. 00 ------1, 200 6, 192. 36 62, 341. 36 ------201, 680. 70 1921. . ------1, 095. 90 110, 514. (}3 27, 625. 00 $10, 000 6,100 8, 028. 35 63, 626. 71 140, 028. 04 367, 018. 63 1922 ___ ------1, 095. 90 103, 030. 20 28, 625. 00 6,000 6,100 6, 543. 21 66, 071. 26 468, 253'. 77 685, 719. 34 1923 ___ ------1, 095. 90 95, 868. 44 40, 875. 00 6,000 6,300. 10, 723. 82 119, 483. 95 ...... 280, 347. 11 1924 ____ ------1, 095. 90 106, 571.16 41, 700. 00 6,000 6,300 12, 461. 35 65, 340. 49 ------239, 468. 90 1925_ ------1, 095. so 116, 059. 06 39, 500. 00 6,000 6,300 15, 835. 77 104, 735. 93 ------289, 526. 66 1926 _____ ------1, 095. 90 122, 666. 30 42,000. 00 6,000 6,300 19, 210. 94 81, 337. 39 ------278, 610. 53 1927 ------1, 095. 90 137, 188. 00 49, 400. 00 6,000 6,300 22, 239. 86 109, 825. 03 332, 048. 06 1928_ ------1, 095. 90 126, 863. 00 51, 400. 00 6,000 6,500 · 27, 043. 64 71, 932. 04 ---·- 322~553~ 48- 613, 398. 06 1929_------1, 095. 90 130, 170. 30 58, 875. 00 6,000 6,500· 31, 282. 70 79, 168. 97 120, 128. 50 433, 221. 37 1930. --• ------.------1, 095. 90 201, 176. 00 59, 876. 00 8,000 6,600 43, 000. 00 80, 000. 00 ------399, 646. 90 Total. .• ------21, 918. 00 1, 849, 979. 72 626, 615.16 66,000 71, ooo . 253, 398. 37 1, 444, 677. 97 1, 380, 476. 33 5, 714, 665. 55 1950 : CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6093 Expenditures by the State of New York for Indian welfare for fiscal years ending 1931-50

Thomas Indian Educational Attorneys, Maintenance Capital im- Fiscal years ending- School purposes agents, et_c. of Indian provements, Annual total poor 1 repairs, etc.

$6, 042. 72 $72, 705. 28 $39, 138. 94 $369, 048. 41 35, 198. 20 94, 806. 81 8, 902. 26 377, 105. 63 13, 450. 75 112, 495. 93 17, 807.18 396, 260. 68 f~i u: im= ~~~~~~~~~~~~~:::::~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::=:::::=:::=:: $1!~ ~ ~ $5~ r~ H 27, 724.15 92, 951. 08 10, 549. 08 350, 191. 34 June 30, 1935.~------:------151, 710. 28 78, 298. 59 21, 732. 91 100, 828. 00 2, 100. 25 354, 670. 03 June 30, 1936______146, 039. 99 82, 724. 65 19, 419. 25 113, 728. 00 64, 805. 34 426, 717. 23 June 30, 1937 ------153, 807. 91 80, 068. 05 28, 956. 98 107, 909. 00 69, 514. 51 440, 256. 45 15, 885. 72 91, 292. 00 65, 218. 03 429, 134. 33 20, 409. 37 90, 577. 00 40, 076. 01 . 438, 035. 20 m:!8: ig~= ::::::::::~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~~: m: i~ H: ~~~: ~~ 29, 160. 79 139, 962. 00 61, 804. 05 489, 568. 34 23, 062. 88 112, 238. 00 25, 242. 90 427, 765. 77 24, 009. 90 105, 150. 00 6, 458. 06 416, 448. 52 15, 356. 67 281,184. 00 139. 83 309, 707. 77 J~i u~ 1m~::::~:~::::~~:::~~~::::::::~~~::~:::::::~:~~:~::::::~~=~=~~~::: 1~ lit~ ,~ m: ~ 21, 392. 00 90, 371. 00 79. 01 361, 010. 28 June 30, 1945------223, 666. 63 122, 282. 51 20, 434. 57 89, 344. 00 ------455, 727. 71 June 30, 1946------1947 ______259,231, 387.186. 8981 171,147, 372.196. 9044 21, 087. 79 88, 314. 00 7, 449. 05 495, 410. 09 June 20, 804. 56 111, 104. 00 18, 897. 61 581, 390. 96 20, 482.10 137, 642. 00 3, 419. 50 695, 391. 77 ~!:: ~: m~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~~: ~~~: ~! ~M: ~~~: ~~ 20, 262. 31 181, 694. 00 3, 635. 82 843, 512. 34 June 30, 1950------369, 623. 04 349, 961. 07 - 19, 850. 73 s 235, 603. 00 22, 157. 75 997, 195. 59 1~~~~~-1-~~~~-1-~~~~~ 1 ~~~~~1~~~~~- 1 -~~~~- TotaL.~------i, 107, 703. 44 2, 404, 826. 27 424, 724. 35 2, 249, 899. 10 467, 395.18 9, 654, 548. 34

1 Figures furnished by department of social welfare. 1 Covers 9 months only due to change in fiscal year. . • Rec~ived from department of social welfare and includes estimated expenditures for March 1950. CALL OF THE HOUSE The SPEAKER. On this roll call 293 eighth Congress, second session, as Mr. MARCANTONIO. Mr. Speaker, I Members have answered to their names, amended. make the point of order that a quorum is a quorum. The Clerk read as follows: not present. Without objection, further proceed Be it enacted, etc., That section 3 of the The SPEAKER. The Chair will count. ings under the call will be dispensed Veterans' Preference Act of 1944, as amended [After counting.] One hundred and with. (Public Law 359, 78th Cong.), ls amended . ninety Members are present, not a Mr. MARCANTONIO. I object, Mr. (1) by inserting after "messengers," the word "apprentices" and a comma, and (2) quorum. Speaker. by inserting before the period at the end Mr. PETERSON. Mr. Speaker, I move The SPEAKER. The question is on thereof a colon and the following: "Pro· a call of the House. dispensing with further proceedings un vided further, That notwithstanding any A call of tbe House was ordered. der the call. other law, the examinations for apprentice The Clerk called the roll, and the fol The question was taken; and on a di positions shall be open competitive examina· lowing Members failed to answer to their vision (demanded by Mr. MARCANTONIO) tions conducted by the Civil Service Com· names: 191, O. mission, and the Commission shall deter there were-ayes noes mine, on the basis of good administration, [Roll No. 145] Mr. MARCANTONIO. Mr. Speaker, whether such examinations shall be con Addonizio Gwinn O'Brien, Mich. I object to the vote on the ground that ducted on a regional or Nation-wide basis." Anderson, Calif. Hall, O'Ne111 a quorum is not present and make the SEc. 2. The amendments made to section Andrews Leonard W. Pace Battle Halleck Patterson point of order that a quorum is not 8 of the Veterans' Preference Act of 1944, Beall Hand Pfeifer, present. as amended, by the first section of this act Bennett, Fla. Harden Joseph L. The SPEAKER. The Chair will shall take effect as of March 1, 1950, and no Biem1ller Hart Pfeiffer, appointment to any apprentice position shall Boggs, La. Harvey W1lliam L. count. CAfter counting.] Two hundred be made on or after such date as the result Boll1ng Hays, Ohio Phill1ps, Tenn. and twenty-seven Members are present, of any examination held on or after such Boykin Hinshaw Powell a quorum. date, except an examination conducted in Buchanan Hoffman, Ill. Price Buckley, N. Y. Holifield Quinn So further proceedings under the call accordance with such section S as amended Byrne, N. Y. Jackson, Calif. Rains were dispensed with. by this act. Byrnes, Wis. Jacobs Reed, Ill. Canfield James Rhodes COLLECTION AND DISBURSEMENT OF The SPEAKER. Is a second de Cannon Javits Richards MONEYS OF SENECA INDIANS (NEW manded? Carlyle Jenkins Rodino YORK) Carroll Jones, Ala. Rogers, Fla. Mr. REES. Mr. Speaker, I demand a Cavalcante Jones, N. C. Roosevelt Mr. PETERSON. Mr. Speaker, I move second. Chatham Kearns Sadlak Mr. MARCANTONIO. Mr. Speaker, I Chiperfield Kelley, Pa. Sadowski the previous question. Cooley Kennedy Scott, Hardie The previous question was ordered. make the point of order that the gentle Corbett Keogh Simpson, Pa. The SPEAKER. The question is on man is not opposed to the bill. Coudert Kilpurn · Smathers The SPEAKER. The Chair was just Crook King . Smith, Ohio suspending the rules and passing the ·crosser Kirwan Staggers bill. about to interrogate the gentleman about Davenport Kruse Stanley The question was taken; and e~ker, ~ecognition to call up and vitiate the results of that examination Provided that the examinations for ap pass a bill m this Democra~ic Party Con prentice shall be open to all veterans in Mr. ROONEY. Mr. Speaker will th~ the United States and its possessions. gress d~pends on whether the bill is pro~ gentleman yield? ' or anti-FEPC. If the bill is of a pro Mr. MARCANTONIO. I yield. I do not believe this bill needs any ~PC character, you do not get recogni Mr. ROONEY. Does this situation further argument to disclose its fair t10n. If your bill is anti-FEPC, then not apply to any other Government agency ness and honesty. It is fair to every em only do you readily obtain recognition ?r department, or is it directed primar ployee of every department· of Govern but everything is greased for your- anti~ ily and solely to certain employees in the ment, and to every citizen of the United FEPC bill to have easy sailing, and you Bureau of Engraving and Printing? States. It needs no defense. It is based can count on the support of the House Mr. MARCANTONIO. It is directed ~pon our old-age tradition of "equal leadership. at this particular office. The effective rights to all and special privileges lo Mr. Speaker, we have a very involved date provided in the bill is March 1 1950 none." · situation here. What appears on the ri:his is a dead give-away, when yo{i con: Th~ gentleman from New York, com surface is something that conceals a very sider that the examination took place on mentmg on this bill iri the Appendix· of ugly situation. The real ugly facts con March 15. the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD of March 15 cealed by the wording of this bill are very Mr. ROONEY. And the particular said: reveal~ng ?f its anti... Negro objective. group of forty-some Negro war veterans? This legislation is the most discriminatory '!'he situat10n is a rather intricate one Mr. MARCANTONIO. Exactly, Even legislation this House has seen- and, therefore, I ask the indulgence of' though the language is general, when 1950 ·CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6095

~ou reduce it to application, to the date fighting against discrimination in em opposed to this bill, very strongly opposed when the bill goes in effect March 1, ployment and Government employment. to it. As far as the other organizations when the date the examination was held The National Association for the Ad that the gentleman has mentioned are was March 15, you must agree it applies vance of Colored People is opposed to concerned, I venture to say, and I sub- to this particular examination and to this bill, so are the United Public Work .mit this to the gentleman in all fairness, nothing else. ers. Some of you this morning, I under that I extremely doubt whether any of Now, let me repeat what happened be stand-although I did not-received a these organizations that he has men cause these events c~mpletely expose this · communication, letter or telegram, sup tioned know of the decision, the opinion, bill for what it is; ·a bill to deprive posed to have been sent by Mr. Green and the finding of facts rendered by the Negroes of employment as apprentice of the American Federation of Labor ask Fair Employment Board of the Civil plate engravers. after they have won ing you to vote for this bill. Personally, Service Commission in·this case. If they such employment by promotional ex~ I believe Mr. Green has been misled knew, I refuse to believe that any of those amination on March 15 of this year. about the matter. I am sure that if Mr. organizations would come out on record · The men involved charged that the ex Green sat down with representatives of in favor of this bill. amination was being postponed for dis the National Association for the Ad The gentleman has been here long criminatory reasons. They brought vancement of Colored People and heard enough to know that people are imposed these charges before what is known as their side of this question he certainly on, that matters are misrepresented. the Fair Employment Board of the Civil would not ask you to support this bill. Look at the ·stated purposes of the bill. Service Commission. This Fair Em I am sure that if Mr. Green read this It says that the purpose of it is to pro ployment Board was set up by the Presi decision which I have before me he cer vide employment opportunities for vet dent. Its purpose was to go into situa tainly would not ask you to support this erans. Well, of course, if anybody came tions of this character. The Fair Em bill. . to the gentleman and asked for an off ployment Board in effect decided that The aim of this bill is to perpetuate hand opinion he would be for it. I the examination should be held and that an un-American condition that has think that is the way they got some of not to hold the examination constituted existed in this Bureau. I wish that you these organizations to go on record. Let a discrimination in Government em Members would read this decision. I am me say that any person who believes in ployment. convinced that any Member of this House the principles of FEPc cannot support The Board sustained these Negro vet who does not believe in the racist theory this bill in the light of this decision of erans who had made application to take of white supremacy, who believes in the Fair Employment Board of the Civil the examination. Remember, the ex equality of employment, will recognize Service Commission. Has the gentleman amination did take place. It took place this bill for what it is and will support read that decision? on March 15 of this year; it took place the decision of the Fair Employment Mr. LYNCH. No; I have not reaj the despite the attempts of the gentleman Board of the Civil Service Commission. decision. Let me ask the gentleman, from Tennessee [Mr. MURRAY], who Mr. KLEIN. Mr. Speaker, will the Has it not been his experience that the tried to prevail upon the Civil Service gentleman yield? organizations which I have enumerated Commission not to hold the examination. Mr. MARCANTONIO. I yield. have in the past always given fair con What is more, another group which has Mr. KLEIN. Is it not a fact that in sideration to the questions that they been interested in perpetuating this par order to be consistent any Member of have endorsed? ticular Bureau as a lily-white branch of this House who voted for the FEPC-legis Mr. MARCANTONIO. The gentle the Government went into Federal court Iation must vote against this particular man raises an issue of fairness. I am and applied for an injunction. Judge bill? not here challenging the fairness of Keech denied the application, so now Mr. MARCANTONIO. This is the re these organizations. I say they have we have this bill. verse of FEPC legislation. It is anti been imposed on and I say that any rep Despite the language of the bill, which FEPC legislation. resentative of any organization, no mat is general, it applies to this situation and Mr. LYNCH. Mr. Speaker, will the ter what organization it may be, who to nothing else. I do not see how any gentleman yield? reads this decision and then says he is member of the committee can deny, and Mr. MARCANTONIO. I yield. for this bill, that person does not believe I challenge them to deny, that this bill Mr. LYNCH. I do not think this is in the principles of FEPC. There are no was drafted for the sole purpose of un the reverse of everything connected with two ways about that. doing the decision of the Fair Employ FEPC legislation. This morning I, too, Mr. DOLLINGER. Mr. Speaker, will ment Board of the Civil Service Com received a telegram from Mr. Green the gentleman yield? mission and of depriving these Negro endorsing the bill. I have also received Mr. MARCANTONIO. I yield to the veterans of their rights. It was intro this notice: The American Federation of gentleman from New York. duced for that purpose; it is here for Labor has endorsed the bill. Certainly Mr. DOLLINGER. May I say that the. that purpose. that has been in favor of FEPC. The gentleman is correct in his statement So what are we asked to do? We are Government Employees Council, A. F. that this is an anti-FEPC bill and for asked here today to pass this bill and do of L., is in favor of the bill, and other that reason I am going to vote against it. away with the fair-employment-practice organizations affiliated with the Ameri Mr. MARCANTONIO. I know that the decision of the Civil Service Commission can Federation of Labor. The Veterans gentleman has studied this matter. · and to continue the vile discriminatory . of the Spanish War are supposed to be Mr. DOLLINGER. Yes. practices against Negroes who seek e;m in favor of the bill; they certainly have Mr. MULTER. Mr. Speaker; will the ployment as apprentice plate engravers. been in favor of FEPC. The Disabled gentleman yield? That is the proposition before us. If the American Veterans are supposed to be Mr. MARCANTONIO. I yield to the gentleman from Tennessee as chairman in favor of the bill; the Catholic War gentleman from New York. of this committee, or any other member Veterans of the United States certainly Mr. MULTER. Quite apart from the of the committee advances any other have been in favor of FEPC and they implications whether this is FEPC or . reason for this bill he will be violating are supposed to be in favor of the bill, anti-FEPC, I would like to have him or the facts and the record. This decision as well as the AMVETS. According to someone else explain why in section 2 of the Fair Employment Board of the my information, the only ones who are . of this bill it is made retroactive to Civil Service Commission has been opposed to it are the United Public March 1 and why this Congress should sustained all the way down the line; it Workers Union and some other people. make it impossible for persons who have has been sustained in the F.ederal Court Mr. MARCANTONIO. That is · not' already taken civil-service examinations and sustained by the President. The true. to qualify for appointment if this bill Congress is asked to do the dirty work The SPEAKER. The gentleman has becomes law? here today of undoing it and of perpetu consumed 10 minutes. Mr. MARCANTONIO. The gentleman ating a lily-white branch of our Govern Mr. MARCANTONIO. Mr. Speaker, I has put his finger on the situation. The ment. Jield myself five additional minutes. examination took place on March 15. Mr. Speaker, I am not the only one Mr. Speaker, that is not true. The Despite all efforts that were made to pre who is opposing this bill. This bill is National Association for the Advance vent the examination from taking place opposed by .every group that has been ment of the Colored People is strongly the promotional examination did take 6096 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE MAY 1 ·place on the 15th of March. That is tion on November 5, 1948, reerected a barrier 4. Journeymen plate printer~ in t he Bu why they want to put the effective date which effectively deprives all Negroes of any reau of Engraving and Printing must h ave of this legislation back to March 1 so opportunity to qualify for, or attain employ had 4 years of apprenticeship,' or its equiv ment as, plate printers in that Bureau. alent in pract~ cal experience. At present as to vitiate the promotional examina Admittance to the promotion examina there are no apprentice plate pr.int ers em tion which was ordered by the Secretary tion was limited to .seven classifications of ployed· in the Bureau, as the last app,re:htice of the Department and ratified by the Bureau employees having permanent civil became a journeyman this year. No Negro Fair Employment Board of the Civil service status and, within these classifica has ever been recruited or employed as an Service Commission. tions, to veterans of World War II under 4i' apprentice plate printer in the Bure ~u. Mr. MULTER. One other question I years of age. From 100 entrance applica 5. For at least 20 years prior to 1938 the would like to have the gentleman answer tions originally accepted, 94 applicants re Bureau met its plate printer personnel re if he can. This bill apparently makes main. Of these, 47 are Negroes. cruitment needs through appointment, on The announced reasons for the postpone certification by the Civil Service Commission, the promotional examination for ap ment were: (1) that 20 powei: plate printing of journeymen who had served an appren prentice a Nation-wide examination. if presses of considerably greater potential out ticeship in private industry. The Civil Serv the Department so desires. Does he put than the presses then in use had un ice Commission requires the full apprentice know of any other Department in Gov expectedly become available and -had been ship experience of 4 years, or, since 1942, its ernment that has promotional examina ·purchased for immediate installation; (2) equivalent of practical experience, as a pre tions open to other persons who are not that a program for modernization of the requisite to such certification, but the Com within the department? · presses then in· use had been developed and mission in no way restricts the operating Bu Mr. MARCANTONIO. I do not know adopted; and (3) that if those steps proved reau to this single channel for meeting its successful the plate printers requirements·of need for plate printers. The recruitment of of any. Let us not forget that by these the Bureau could easily be met with exist journeyman plate printers solely from pri lection system employed prior to this ing personnel, therefore making it unneces vate industry had the effect of erecting a March 15, 1950, examination no Negro sary to appoint apprentice plate printers barrier against Negroes who might aspire to has ever been selected. As to the few for an indefinite period of time. . become plate printers in the Bureau, because Negro people who were certified as eli The bulletin postponing the examfoation . in private industry up to this time. ·Negroes gibles under the old system, they were held out for the applicants only the prospect have not had equal opportunity to secure the requisite -training. passed over and the people ·who: had - tha~. "If the program falls. 'obv.lously--lt· will lower ratings were. appointed. ... The be necessary to· -revive-: consideration of the 6. Since 1938 the number of plate printers ~ apprentice· program." · - ' appolnted:in ~the · Bureau .· has...a·ver.iige _d , 49, , a:nd . -Negro who -was qualified.and eligible was the number of·sepa:rations 46 .per year: -As of not appointed. ·That is the finding of . HEAR.:ZNG · AND·:-JNVEST!GATIQN January 1, 1950, there were 492 plate prl_nte:rs this Fair Employment ·Board of the ·Civil The. Board held a. hearing ,on January: 30, - on duty in the Bureau ·and 20 vacancies to. Service commission. 31, and February 1, 1950, at which the appel be filled. The Director of the Bureau expects lants, their representatives, and a ,represent that. subject to possible fluctuation in de I submit that with the passage of this ative of the Treasury Department were pres bill we do another dirty job in the inter- . mand for· currency· and stamps, the plate ent. Testimony was adduced from .witnesses -printer force · will be stabilized at .approx!· est of white supremacy and this is done presented by the appellants or called by the . mately 500 journeymen after the installa- in a Congress the ma,fority of which -was · Boai·d itself. In addition to the information . tion of·new presses and the modernization of - elected on civil-rights promises. Not secured at this hearing and from a review of · old presses have been completed. · only has this Congress done nothing for · the file of the Treasury Department, . the 7. FOr several years there has been a short- civil rights. but in this· instance Congress Board has obtained supplemental.data from . age of qualified- journeyman plate printers. pushes the·clock backward again. the Treasury Department, the Civil Service This shortage ls reflected in the _amount of Commission, and other solirces, with par overtime worked by the plate printers on Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous con ticular reference to possible racial discrimi sent that as part of my remarks I may duty in the Bureau. On· November 29, 194:9, nation in the recruitment and employment the Civil Service Commission announced an include " ~he decision of the Fair Em of plate printers and apprentice plate print open continuous examination for plate pi-int ployment Board of the Civil Service ers in the Government service. er. To date, as a result of this examination, Commission to which I have been refer- FINDINGS OF FACT, ·the Commission has not secured a sufficient ring. 1. The pqsition of plate printer has been number of eligibles to fill existlng vacancies The SPEAKER. Is there objection to clearly identifiable in the pattern of Federal in the Bureau and to provide for the normal the request of the gentleman !rom New employment for many decades. · It is un annual turn-over in plate printer personnel. York? ' qualifiedly subject to civil-service laws ·and According to the Bureau's own estimate, sep There was no objection. regulations. All citizens. regardless of race, arations are anticipated as follows: 1950, 36; color, religion, or national origin, are, there 1951, 36; 1952, 30; 1953, 34. FAIR EMPLOYMENT BOARD, fore, entitled to an open channel toward 8. Over the 13 fiscal years, 1938 to 1950, in CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION, employment as plate printers in the Bureau clusive, the Bureau has recruited 75 ap Wash_ington, D. C. of Engraving and Printing. prentice plate printers, and it has carried Name of appellants: Earl E. Ashton, Ray 2. The promotion policy of the Treasury on its rolls an average of 21 such apprentices mond F. Cooke, Paul F. Cooper, John E. Har Department, which is the only agency of the for each of those years. None has been ris, Francis E. Janifer, Thomas M. Keys, Ed- Federal Government employing plate print- recruited since April 15, 1946. ward L. Mitchell, Edgar Sims, Frederick Wig- ers, ·provides, in its departmental order No. Of these 75 apprentices, 61 were chosen gins. 114, dated June 1, 1949, that- · from lists of eligibles certified by the Civil - - ~-~~~~ti:;.e_Il.~ ~---~11.:.~':~ _-Lof En~r~~~~g a~d .. ~ ~~It J~\ t~W p"~li<:x of the Treasury ~~part_-___ Service Commission from assembled written .. uuuu•5, ...... ,)' ....,.,.1::'"04 uHT~n~ '{(... a.. K'lgWll, 0 ment0 normaily to ID! vacant positions above exam1natHms, aaverusea ana ne1d ·linrough- · · D. C. the customary recruiting levels in each bu- out the United States, and 14 were recruited BASIS OF APPEAL re au, office, and di vision by the promotion by such noncompetitive action as transfer, The above-named pei:sons appealed in- from within of qualified employees whose -promotion, or reassignment. Negroes com- dividually to the Fair Employment Board abilities have been demonstrated and who . peted in these examinations and were cert! under Executive . Order 9980 from the deci- -have the capacity to undertake more ad- . fied as eligibles, and at the same time quali sion of the Acting Secretary of the Treasury, vanced work. Promotions will be based solely fied Negroes were available for noncompeti dat ed December 29, 1949, that there was on merit. There will be no discrimination tive assignment within the Bureau as ap no racial discrimination in connection with because of race, color, creed, or for any other prentice plate printers. But none of the 75 the postponement of a promotional examina- reason. Preference will be given to seniority apprentices were Negroes. In at least one tion for apprentice plate print~r in the Bu- only when other qualifications are equal." case a Negro eligible failed of appointment reau of Engraving and Printing. All of the 3. The number of plate printers employed while white eligibles of lower rating on the appellants had applied for, and were eligible throughout the country is relatively small, same certificate were appointed. This Negro to take the examination. The appeals were and the Bureau is by far the largest employer. eligible was subsequently certified to another consolidated for hearing. On January 1, 1950, it had on its employment Government agency where he served his ap The appellants alleged, in substance, that • rolls 492 plate printers, a number which ls prenticeship, and is now employed as a in the recruitment of apprentice plate print- more than 50 percent of the total number of journeyman in another craft. era and plate printers by the Bureau of En- this ·craft now in employment, Over the 9. The cessation of apprentice recruiting graving and Printing discrimination against past 20 years the Bureau force, with some in 1946 recreated the recruitment situation Negroes has long prevailed; that the promo- :fluctuations, has grown from about 400 _to which existed prior to 1938. Negroes in con tlonal examination for apprentice plate nearly 500, despite improvements in equip- siderable numbers, presently employed in printers announced July 16, 1948, was a prac- ment and technology which have increased the Bureau. and veterans of World War II, tical and very welcome step toward removing individual-production capacity. No Negro ls aspire to become plate "printers. The an this discrimination; and that the indefinite or ever has been employed by the Bureau as nouncement of the promot ional examin ation postponement of the promotional examina- a plate printer. in July of 1948 opened the channel for a spec- 1950 . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6097 ified group of Negroes ln the Bureau, lncluc:t- regulations in the ash can. What will my judgment, that y-0u will have more - ing the appellants. Continued postponement happen if you do not pass this bill? discrimination than without the ap Of the examination restores the ~xact situa Every particular agency of the Govern proval of this · bill. It is unfortunate tion which existed prior to the announcement and closes the only channel by which the ment may go ahead and hold so-called that the bill comes to the :floor of the Negro applicants can become plate printers closed examinations within the agency House because of a situation in a bureau in the Bure.au. · and eliminate all veterans or persons of in one of our agencies. The Civil Serv any creed, color, or race throughout the ice Commission gave its approval to a DECISION AND RECOMMENDATION whole country and limit the examination policy of conducting an examination, not The method of recruiting plate printers is clearly the responsibility of the executive to employees of their own departments. upo:a a Nation-wide basis, or a regional branch of the Government and, particularly, How could any veteran or any colored basis, or even an agency basis, but only of the officers charged with general manage person or anyone else get into an agency within the Bureau itself. ment ofrthe employing bureau. _ Generally until many years too late? In other Mr. MARCANTONIO. Mr. Speaker, speaking, these officers must be allowed to de words, you are just throwing overboard will the gentleman yield? termine whether such recruitment shall be the whole civil-service rules and regula Mr. REES. I will, ·if the gentleman accomplished exclusively by recruiting jour tions that we have passed both in this will give me more time. neymen or in whole or in part through an Congress and other Congresses for many Mr. MARCANTONIO. I yield to the apprentice program. Such discretionary au thority should, however, be exercised within years past. As a matter of fact it will gentleman 1 additional minute. the framework and in the light of the spirit also lower the quality of the people Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman Yield? and intent, as well as the letter of civil going into these jobs. For instance, you Mr. REES. I yield to the gentleman service law and regulations and of Executive take 25 or 50 or 100 of the agency em from New York. and departmental orders. If the exclusive ployees now taking this examination, Mr. MARCANTONIO. Is it not a fact recruitment of journeymen operates, for any compared to the larger number if the that before a. promotional examination reason, to deprive any group of American citi examination was open to the whole or any examination of ·ariy kind, before zens by reason of race, color, religion, or na country, so any veteran and persons of any such examination can be held by the tional origin, of opportunity to qualify for the civil-service position of plate printer,-the all creeds· and color· could be eligible. Department it must have the approval of recruitment policy and program should be The latter case will result in more the Civil Service Commission; is that not changed. eligibles for the jobs. correct? ·· The ·Fair Employment Board recognizes Of the 25 or so who were hired just Mr. REES. I wm explain that in a that the · postponement of the apprentice before the war, every one of them got moment. plate-printer examination in 1948 was, at 100 percent in the country-wide civil Mr. MARCANTONIO. Is that not so? the time, an exercise of reasonable business service examination. Do you think you Mr. REES. If an agency wanted to · judgment. But it concludes that any con are going to get such high grades for tinuation of past recruitment methods and promote these employ_ees .they could do procedures as applied to plate printers in the 25 or 50 in a little bureau taking the so without an examination at all. All Bureau of Engraving and Printing will in examination, many of them 30 to 40 years they would have to do . is to secure the evitably involve an element of racial dis of age? Your quality will be lowered approval of the Civil Service Commis crimination against Negroes, in that it will and .Your standard will be lowered if you sion. Does that answer the question? perpetuate a system which has operated ef adopt the policy of having a closed Mr. MARCANTONIO. The gentleman fectively to bar Negro citizens from the civil examination within any bureau. has not a.nswered my question. service position of · plate printer in the Anyone who voted for FEPC should Mr. REES. That takes care of the · Bureau. Th3 Board is gratified to learn that the support this bill, because if you do not, · question. Department · of the Treasury has now re- you will throw open the door for dis Mr. MARCANTONIO. My question is .- scheduled for March 15, 1950, the promo crimination and unfairness in selecting this: This examination or any other ex tional examination, the indefinite postpone candidates for these various jobs, and amination has to have the approval of ment. ·of which precipitated the appeal in you will set up a patronage king maker the Civil Service Commission; is that not this case. This is an encouraging step in in any agency, and you are going to have correct? , the right direction, but is of itself insuffi discrimination in all Government agen Mr. REES. That is correct. All in cient treatment of the basic problem. The cies. I shall vote for this measure and civil~service laws and regulations, the finan the world the agency needed to do was cial resources of the Bureau of Engraving ask you to do so. to secure the approval of the Civil Service and Printing, the numerical strength of the Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, will Commission. If the Commission saw fit plate-printer force, and the pattern of work the gentleman yield? to approve the promotions, then it could organization around the plate-printing press Mr. HAGEN. I yield to the gentleman be done without examination, but I insist . provide ample management tlexibility to from Pennsylvania. permit .the operation of a recruiting system that if examinations are to be given that free from any taint of racial discrimination. Mr. EBERHARTER. Is it the conten they should not be narrowed down to It is the. recommendation. of this Board tion of the gentleman that if this bill one bureau in an agency. Such would that the best corrective of the existing situ is passed it will be fair to every creed not be fair to other people who might . ation will be found in the early initiation and every race and every religion of the qualify, including veterans. In fact, it and continuous operation in the Bureau of country? would be a violation of the intent and Engraving and Printing of an in-serVice Mr. HAGEN. Yes. The present spirit of the Veterans' Preference Act. training program with respect. to the plate printing craft, related numerically to. the policy throws it open to every veteran, You can see that with this kind of normal turn-over in that employee classifi every person, regardless of race, color, or legislation colored people, whether vet cation and to th~ total Government and pri creed, and if he qualifies and has a high erans or not, could easily be discriminated vate employment in this craft. This pro enough mark he will be accepted for against in other agencies. I regret, as gram should be. open to all qualified em these jobs. Do not let the bureaucrats you do, that this particular legislation ployees of the Bureau within these numeri disturb the present situation. You must may affect one group of people, but you cal limits, thus effectuating the intent of vote for this bill to give veterans and Executive Order 9980 as implemented by the must remember they would still have the Department's promotional policy announced others over the wbole country an oppor same right as anyone else to compete in in Departmental Order N9. 114 of June 1, tunity to take examinations for these examinations for these jobs, and if quali 1949. apprentice jobs. fied they would certainly be entitled to By direction of the Board. Mr. MURRAY of Tennessee. Mr. have the jobs. If there are people in JAM:EjS L. HOUGHTELING, Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentle authority in such agencies who refuse Chairman, Fair Employment BQard. man from Kansas [Mr. REES]. to let them have the jobs for which they FEBRUARY 23, 1950. Mr. REES. Mr. Speaker, there seems qualify, th~n such action would be viola Mr. MURRAY of Tennessee. Mr. to be some misunderstanding with re tion of the intent of ~ivil-service law, Speaker, I yield · 2 minutes to the gen spect to this legislation. I regret I do and persons who caused such violation tleman from Minnesota [Mr. HAGEN]. not have sufficient time to explain the should be dealt with by the Civil Service Mr. HAGEN. ·Mr. Speaker, if this bill legislation as I see it. Discrimination Commission. does not become law you might as well has been mentioned. Without the ap Mr. VORYS. Mr. Speaker, will the. throw the civil-service law a.nd rules and :oroval of this bill there is likelihood, in gentleman yield? ' 6098 · CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 1 Mr. REES. I yield to the gentleman that this procedure of the Treasury De Those who today set themselves up as from Ohio. partment establishes a dangerous prece championing a cause for a few em Mr. VORYS. I find in the report that dent because it woUld lead the way to ployees in the Bureau of Engraving were the Commission had no authority to deny · administrative practices in other depart strangely silent on exactly the same the Treasury Department such preroga ments and agencies designed to by-pass proposal when they were written into tives. open competitive examinations for the the Veterans' Preference Act for the Mr. REES. That is what the Com selection of Federal employees. positions of railway mail clerks, guards, mission claims. It is just in, reverse I believe that the executive depart elevator operators, messengers, and cus from what the gentleman from New ments and agencies should adopt a pro todians. I voted for the Veterans' Pref York has said, that is, if the Bureau re gressive promotional policy within their erence Act. I approve of the section set quested that this examination be held, respective departments and agencies, but ting asiqe certain positions for veterans then, if they did hold it, they would have not at the expense of well-qualified ap- only, and I would have been for the to have the approval of the Civil Service . plicants who are outside the Federal serv addition of the position of apprentice at Commission. I think that answers the ice and who desire consideration for Fed the time the veterans' preference was gentleman's question. eral positions. enacted. I do not believe it has occurred All in the world we are doing here I have received a telegram from the · to Members in Congress that the whole is to take care of and correct a situa president of the American Federation of · history of filling our apprentice positions tion that has been brought to our at Labor, the Honorable William Green, who by open competitive examination would tention by reason of the action ·of the states his unqualified endorsement of this be reversed and our Government ·would -Bureau of Printing and Engraving legislation as well as that of the Ameri be filling these openings into a specialized which is only a part of one agency. I can Federation of Labor. All of the vet craft in the Federal Government to only am not saying that there might not be erans organizations unanimously en- those who were presently on the rolls discrimination against individuals in this . dorsed this bill, as well as the Govern and occupying dissimilar jobs. department, but it is not right, as a ment Employees' Council of the Ameri The gentleman from New York who · matter of principle to narrow the oppor can Federation of Labor, representing the preceded me has quoted extensively from tunity to take the examination down Federal employee organizations affiliated the Fair Employment Board decision. to ·one comparatively small bureau of with the American Federation of Labor. He has inferred that officials of the A. F. Government. If there is discrimination I believe this legislation is fair and of L. and the veterans' organizations ·are as alleged by the gentleman from New equitable. I see no cause for objection not familiar with this order. Frankly, I York then the fault is with the Agency _that examinations for the position of ap do not see some of the things in this or the Commission. · prentice be open competitive examina order to which my colleague refers and H. R. 7185 proposes to amend the Vet . tions restricted to veterans. The Govern wonder to what extent he ·has made a erans' Preference Act of 1944 to add the ment has encouraged an apprentice study of it. For example, he has stated position of "apprentice" to those posi . training program for veterans all over that the Fair Employment Board has tions now restricted to veterans for ap the United States and this is one way in . directed the Bureau of Engraving of the pointment in the Federal service. which the Federal Government can give Treasury Department to hold this pro Section 3 of the Veterans' Preference encouragement to the employment of . motional examination. The Fair Em -Act provides that the positions of guards, -veterans qualified for the position of ployment Board gave no directive to the elevator operators, messengers, and cus -apprentice. ·Bureau of Engraving; but merely stated: todians shall be reserved for veterans. My colleague who has preceded me in It is the recommendation of this Board This bill merely adds the position of "ap . dicates that the purpose of this legisla that the best corrective of the existing sit prentice." tion is solely to prevent certain em uation will be found 1-n the early initiation Under the provisions of the bill, the ployees at the Bureau of Engraving from and continuous operation in the Bureau of Civil Service Commission may determine . receiving a promotion. In the first Engraving- and Printing of an in-service whether an examination for the position place, of the 97 employees involved, prac training program with respect to ,the plate of apprentice in the Government shall be tically all of them are receiving more printing craft, related . numerically to the normal turn-over in that employee classifi conducted on a regional or Nation-wide than the entrance salary for apprentices, cation, and to the total Government and basis, whichever is in the interest of good and most of them have received promo private employment in this craft. This pro administration. tions in their own field within the Bu gram should be open to all qualified ·employ The problem to which the bill addresses reau of Engraving. ees of the Bureau within these· numerical itself is the fact that on March 15, 1950, The gentleman has implied that it is limits, thus effectuating the intent of Execu- the Treasury Department held a so-called the purpose of this bill to prevent colored . tive Order 9980 as implemented by the De promotional examination for the position people from receiving appointments as partment's promotional policy announced in of apprentice plate printer and restricted apprentices. As a matter of fact, in the Departmental Order No. 114 of June 1, 1949. applicants for such examination to cer long run more colored people will have It is submitted that this is merely a tain employees in the BUreau of Engrav an opportunity for appointment as ap recommendation with respect to an in ing and Printing, thus excluding all other prentices by virtue of this legislation service training program. In view of all veterans. During the hearings on H. R. than they would have such opportunities that has been said here today, I su'Qmit 7185, it was developed that the annual under the system proposed by the Bu that the· decision is strangely silent as to salary of an apprentice plate printer is reau of Engraving. May I emphasize any examination of any nature. - $2,059.20. All of the 97 employees who that if the Bureau of Engraving desired Mr. Speaker, I regret that this legisla took the examination are now receiving to promote a colored person, or all of tion appears to be misunderstood by in excess of $2,433.60. Over 25 percent ·them for that matter, they could do so Members of this House. I understand are receiving between $3,000 and $4,000 provided the individuals concerned quali there has been complaint on the part of annually, 10 percent are receiving sal fied. It is assumed they would qualify a group of employees, being colored peo aries above $4,000 a year and over 50 per if they can pass the apprentice example, who are not given a chance to be cent are receiving $2,745.60. Under the ination. ' promoted to certain jobs for which they circumstances, the committee could not There are only 34 vacancies for the feel they are · qualified. If they were understand how the examination could position of apprentice plate printer and qualified for such jobs, then they were be construed as a promotional examina 97 have taken the examination. For the tion. 63 who would not be given such assign entitled to consideration for promotion For some time I have been concerned ments, they would have been in much in· their regular order. Furthermore, if about the delegation of authority from better position for a regional or Nation they can qualify under an examination, the Civil Service Commission to depart wide examination so they could have .they should be given a chance to do so. ments and agencies to conduct all phases competed not only for the vacancies at It is my contention that if any bureau of personnel administration, particUlarly the Bureau of Engraving but for those within an .agency is permitted to follow the conduct of examinations for appoint ·in the Government Printing Office and a practice of excluding anyone · except ment to Federal positions. I am in ac other Government printing establish- those within the narrow confines of a cord with the views of the committee -ments. small bureau to take a competitive ex- 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE '6099 amination, then there is discrimination Mr. REES. I agree with the distin which the committee believes is desirable. on a large scale, and to such an extent guished gentleman that promotions This bill has the unanimous support of that these same people who complain to should have been granted these employ the entire committee, both on the ma day would not have a chance to compete ees, but these promotions could have jority and minority sides. with people in another agency or even in .been granted and could have been ap- The necessity for considering this bill another bureau when vacancies in such proved and should have been approved comes about because the Bureau of En agency are to be filled. by the Civil Service Commission for all graving and Printing for the first time As a matter of. fact, these are matters of those who could qualify. That is the in its history is now attempting to ap that should have been handled by the present law. If those men were quali point to the positions of apprentice plate Civil Service Commission and should not fied, and probably they were, I am sure- printers from a so-called promotional have necessarily been brought to the at . some of them were-then the thing to examination list. This alleged promo tention of Congress. It has always been have done was to promote them without tional examination does violence to the my view that opportunity for appoint hqlding these so-called promotional ex traditions of our civil-service system and ment in civil service should be on as wide aminations. It is the principle of hold the civil-service laws and regulations. area as possible, so that any persons who ing these examinations within the agen In the first place, this examination, feel they are qualified for jobs might cies and not giving more people, espe called by the Bureau of'Engraving and have a chance to compete for them, and cially veterans, a chance to compete for .Printing, is not a promotional examina they are entitled to these opportunities, these jobs, with which I disagree. The tion, even though it is called that. . irrespective .of race, creed, or color. area should be · widened and not nar Ninety-seven have taken that examina This bill not only has the approval of .rowed where competitive examinations tion and 28 are now receiving from $3,000 the following organizations, but they are given. to $4,000 per year. Over 58 of them are have requested and urged that this leg Mr. DAWSON. Mr. Speaker, I submit receiving over $2, 700 a year. Their sal islation be approved. .They are: The to you: Is it not passing strange that aries are considerably higher than that American Federation of Labor; the Gov promotional examinations have been held of an apprentice plate printer and they ernment Employees' Council, AFL, and all these years and we did not need to .certainly would not be receiving a pro other organizations affiliated with the .come to the. Congress to pass such a law motion from the standpoint of an in American Federation of Labor; Veterans as this? Is it not passing strange that crease in salary. ·Many who stood the of Foreign Wars; Disabled American. when a group which has never had an examination are not now working in Veterans; Catholic War Veterans of the .opportunity to have a chance to promote related positions to plate printers as per United States; AMVETS. themselves, went through a promotional sons in the Bureau who are employed as Mr. MARCANTONIO. Mr. Speaker, examination which was legally held, they guards, messengers,. and elevator opera I yield 4 minutes to the distinguished have gained that right, and mind you, tors, stood the promotional examination gentleman from Illinois [Mr. DAWSON]. gentlemen, that it is not claimed that on March 15, 1950, yet · the salary of a Mr. DAWSON. Mr. Speaker, it is this promotional examination was illegal, plate-printer apprentice is only $2,473 . with deep regret that I rise to speak they had the legal right to hold this per year. This racial question has not against this mea~mre. . I would offer an examination, why will you ask the Con one solitary thing to do with this bill, amendment to cut out the retroactive gress to make this law retroactive and . which is not my bill. It was introduced phase of it if I could, but because of the take from this group of veterans that to by the gentleman from West Virginia manner in which it has been presented which they are entitled? The promo [Mr. RAMSAY]. I, as chairman of the. such an amendment is impossible. tional examination was legal, and I sub committee, am advocating the bill pe For a long time ·members of my group mit to you it was something that they cause it is meritorious and it is just. have been employed in the Bureau. had a right to do. They did it. A few This so-called promotional examination They were never given an opportunity to veterans are now in a position to get a . is nothing in the world but a closed raise themselves within that ·Bureau by promotion and yet Congress is being family examination .held by the Bureau promotion until this promotion exami asked to pass a law retroactive in effect of Engraving and· Printing because of nation was held. · to take from them something that they the objection to an open competitive No~, a small group of veterans, men have won. I am a veteran. I know what examination by this left-wing radical who fought for this country will have it is to fight for this country. group, . the United Public Workers of taken from them by this bill, which is Mr. MURRAY of Tennessee. Mr. America, an organization which was re made retroactive in its effect, the only Speaker, I yield myself the balance of cently expelled from the CIO for its com opportunity they have ever had in the the time. munistic . tendencies and leadership. history of their employment in the Bu Mr. GROSS. Mr.· Speaker, will the Who testified for this bill? Mr. Frank reau to promote themselves. If this bill gentleman yield? Coleman, president of the International were so necessary, why did they wait Mr. MURRAY of Tennessee. I yield. Plate Printers and Dye Stampers of the until this occasion arose when · for the American Federation of Labor; Mr. first time, as I have said, a. group of Mr. GROSS. I hope the gentleman Charles E. Foster, assistant national leg American citizens who have been fight will make it plain that this bill came out islative director, Disabled American Vet ing for their country came back, had an of committee without a dissenting vote. erans; John C. Williamson, assistant opportunity to take a promotional · ex Mr. HALE. Mr. Speaker, will the gen director of legislation, Veterans of For amination, and now a small handful of tleman yield? eign Wars; Thomas G. Walters, opera them are in line to get their promotion? Mr. MURRAY of Tennessee. I yield. tions director, Government Employees Why _is the Congress being called upon Mr. HALE. Will the gentleman in the · Council of the American Federation of to pass a bill to take from them that course of his remarks explain why this Labor; Col. Charles I. Stengle, legislative which they have _won both by virtue of bill is brought up under suspension of representative of the American Federa their service to their country and their the rules? tion of Government Employees; a·nd service to this Department of the Gov- Mr. MURRAY of Tennessee. Very George D. Riley, legislative representa ernment. · well, sir. tive of the American Federation of This is not a fair thing. If you wish Mr. Speaker, the purpose of this bill is Labor. to pass such a bill as this, so that in the to provide that the position of appren I have here a telegram from William future such a .situation will never exist, tice in the Federal Government shall be Green, president of the American Fed and they want to have promotional ex filled by competitive examination open eration of Labor, sayi~g: aminations, then let us pass such a bill; to all veterans throughout the United On March 31 I sent you a letter with a but what man in this House would take States. The bill adds the position of statement in regard to H. R. 7185. I would from veterans a promotion which they apprentice to the position of guard, ele appreciat e your reading the statement in have won as a result of serving both their vator operator, messenger and custodian, your files which I sent with my letter and country and their department? be at the session on Monday, May 1, when which positions are reserved for veter H. R. 7185 will'be called up for considerat ion Mr. REES. Mr. Speaker, will the gen ans under the Veterans' Preference Act of under suspension of the rules. This is the tleman yield? 1944. Such examinations are to be con blll which provides for open competitive ex Mr. DAWSON. I yield. ducted on an open competitive basis aminations for apprentices in the Federal X CVI--385 6100 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 1 .... service and which gives all veterans through I hope Members will resolve their de and its passage as we fe.e.l it would be o;t out the country an opportunity to take the cisions on this bill purely on its merits material benefit to our veterans. examination instead of confining it to an With kindest personal regards, I am, individual Government agency. and not be infiuenced by any racial is Sincerely yours, sue which has not a solitary thing to do Mn.Es D. KENNEDY, If this promotional examination be with this bill. If you believe in civil serv Director. comes effective and if new apprentice ice, if you believe in giving all veterans, plate printers are appointed from this both white and colored, an equal chance AMVETS, so-called examination, it will be a prece to stand competitive examination for Washington, D. C., February 21, 1950. dent which will be dangerous in the fu these jobs, then ·you will support the bill. HQn. ToM MURRAY, ture. Hereafter all agencies will hold Chairman, Post Office and Civil Service The so-called promotional examination Committee, their own little family, or closed, re discriminates against both white and House of Representatives, stricted, examinations and keep outsid .colored veterans throughout the United Washington, D. C. ers from an opportunity to compete for States who are not now employees of the MY DEAR CONGRESSMAN MURRA y: AMVETS these .Positions. This FEPC has nothing Bureau of Engraving and Printing as would like to bring to your attention their in the world to do with this legislation. they will have no opportunity or chance support of H. R. 7185, a bill now before your Fifty-two and one-half percent of the to compete for the appointments of ap committee for consideration which would employees today in the Bureau of En prentice plate printer. amend the Veterans' Preference Act to in clude apprentices in those protected posi graving and Printing are members of the . This bill was introduced before the al tions. colored race. In 1940 only 25 percent leged promotional examination was It is AMVETS' contention that the inclu were members of the colored race. So called as the bill was introduced on Feb sion of apprentices in this list of jobs would you can see the memb~rs of- the colore~ ruary 7, 1950, and notice of the examina greatly widen job opportunities to veterans race are receiving fair treatment in that tion was issued on February 21, 1950. At with. particular attention, of course, being agency. the hearings prior to the date of the ex given to disabled veterans enabling them to acquire a more equal job opportunity in Fed I also wish to include in my statement amination on March 15, 1950, I, as chair eral employment. letters from the American Legion in fa man of the committee, requested Mr. E. It is AMvETS' further contention that th'e v or of this legislation; from the H. Foley, Under Secretary of the Depart enactment of this bill would eliminate an AMVETS; from the Catholic War Vet ment of the Treasury, and who was act evil situation by . mak~ng this examination er3ins; also from Omar B. Ketchum, of ing secretary when he appeared before for apprentice jobs in the Government Print the Veterans of Foreign Wars; and our committee, to hold up the examina ing Office and Bureau of Engraving open to Thomas G. Walters, of the American tion until the present legislation could all veterans and not confining it to those men now employed· by those agencies as is Federation of Labor; and William Gre.~n. be considered. Then later, before the presently contemplated. It would not de president of the American Federation of date of the examination, our committee prive those men, many of whom are veterans, Labor, in support of this measure. sent two written requests to the Depart from an equal opportunity to take these tests I trust the Members will not be· misled ment of the Treasury which has charge and to qualify fot these jobs, but would S:t by this extraneous discussion about the of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing the same time give all veterans an equal op FEPC. I stand here asking you to pre urging that the examination be post portunity to show the necessary ability to serve the integrity and the right of our poned. The Acting Secretary of the hold the job. · ' civil-service system and to give all vet AMVETS wish to thank you for your many Treasury refused to accede to this rea kindnesses and courtesies in allowing us to erans a chance to stand these examina sonable request and went along and he1d bring this matter to your attention. tions. As soon as this examination was the examination. In view of the atti Very truly yours, called a number of World War veterans, tude and position of the Treasury De MARVIN L. GOLllBERGER, who are not employees of the Bureau of partment, I advised Acting Secretary of National Legis_lative Director, AMVETS. Engraving and Printing, filed suit in the Treasury E. H. Foley, Jr., that our court to try to stop the promotional ex committee would seek to make the legis CATHOLIC WAR VETERANS amination, but they were not successful. OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, lation retroactive to March 1, 1950, since Washington, D. C., March 8( 1950. Unless this legislation is passed, you will he would not agree to def er the examina Congressman THOMAS MURRAY, prevent World War veterans everyWhere tion. Only the radical left wing United Chairman, Post Office and Civil Service from taking t.his examination. It has Public Workers of America, which was Committee, always been the custom to hold open, thrown out of the CIO, appeared at the House of Representatives, competitive examinations for these ap hearings against the bill. A number of Washington, D. C. pointments. Why should we now permit their members who are employees of the MY DEAR CONGRESSMAN: Representing the the Bureau of Engraving and Printing to Catholic War Veterans' National Department, Bureau of Engraving and Printing have the undersigned wishes to go on record a.s hold so-called promotional examinations taken the alleged and so-called promo unqualifiedly recommending the passage of ·just for the benefit of a few veterans tional examinations. H. R. 7185 and regrets his inability to be 1n down at the Bureau of Engraving and Mr. Speaker, in my remarks I have re Washington for t_:Q.e hearing pn this bill, Fri Printing? This does not prevent these ferred to correspondence from various day, March 10, 1950. veterans down there from taking the individuals and organizations. For the However, as a national officer of the Cath open, competitive examination when it is olic War Veterans, I stand in readiness to called. The Bureau of Engraving and benefit of the membership I set them p·articipate in all future meetings in this Printing has agreed to hold up any ap forth in full at thi~ point in the RECORD: regard and to offer my full support in this pointments from this promotional ex THE AMERICAN LEGION, case. NATIONAL LEGISLATIVE COMMISSION, Sincerely, amination until this legislation is acted JOHN J. MCGINTY, upon by Congress. Washington, D. C., March 24, 1950. Re H. R. 7185. Adjutant General. I have here a letter from the Acting Hon. TOM MURRAY, Secretary of the Treasury which reads Chairman, House porn,mittee on Post Of VETERANS OF.FOREIGN WARS in part as follows: fice and Civil Service, . OF THE UNITED STATES, It is my earnesfbelief that the Depart~ent House of Representatives, Washington, D. C., March 31, 1950. Re H. R. 7185. . has cooperated with the committee to tlie Washington, D. C. Hon. ToM MurutAY, fullest possible extent by agreeing tl)at no MY DEAR MR. CHAmMAN: Referring to the House Office Building, promotions would be made as a result of the above-numbered bill which was introduced examination while the Congress· is giving · Washington, D. C. February 7, 1950, by Congressman RAMSAY, DEAR CONGRESSMAN: It is my understand active consideration to the 1egfslation ' ap I understand that when it came up on the proved by the committee. ing that on Monday, April 3, 1950, the House Consent Calendar it was objected to by Con of Representatives will take up for consid It gressmen MARCANTONIO, KLEIN, and POWELL eration the bill, H. R. 7185, which amends has been stated-- and that it is now your intention to call it Mr. HALE. Mr. Speaker, will the gen the Veterans' Preference Act of 1944. tleman yield? up under suspension ef th~ rules on April 8, The bill would -provide that for a limited 1950. period· the job of apprentice in the public Mr. MURRAY of Tennessee. · I refuse While ·we have no direct mandate on the service would be iimited · to veterans and to yield to anyone; several are clamor provisions of this bill, please be advised that that 012en competitive examinations for such ing for me to-yield, but I have not the the national -organization of· the American would be conducted on a Nation-wide or re- time. Legion has no objections to its provisions gional basis. · 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6101 The Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United H. R. 7185 trades jobs. No objection has been raised States, pledged to the strengthening of the A bill to amend the Veterans' Preference Act to the orderly method used in the Govern prtnciple of veterans' preference in Govern of 1944 as amended, ·Public Law 359, Sev ment Printing Office in selecting apprentice"' ment service, believes that the legislation ls enty-eighth Congress ship candidates. It was not until recently most desirable and worthy of your favorable that objection was raised in the Bureau to WASHINGTON, D. C., May 1, 1950. consideration. The introduction and con To All' Members, House of Representatives, the tried-and-true system of opening ap sideration of the bill by the House Commit Washington, D. C. prentice jobs to national competition. tee on Post . Office and Civil Service was MY DEAR CONGRESSMAN: H . R. 7185, a bill It has become universally a practice in prompted by the recent action .of the ~ureau to amend the Veterans' Preference Act of the Government service where apprentices of Engraving and Printing, for the first time 1944, as amended, Public Law 359, Seventy are wanted to hire on an open competition in over 60 years, in announcing a closed eighth Congres:i, will be called up for a vote basis. In this manner, the Government has. examination for the job of apprentice, plate by Chairman MURRAY of the Committee on had the opportunity to select the best avail printer, limited to certain employees of the Post Office and Civil Service, on Monday, able from among the greatest possible num Bureau who were then employed as messen May 1, 1950. ber. Because this is , what is known as a ger, guard, or elevator operator. This legis This bill was reported by a unanimous general .purpose examination, it lends itself lation, if enacted, would not operate to de vote after due.consideration by the Commit readily to use by a large number o.f agencies feat the opportunity of these individuals. to tee on Post Office and Civil Service, Friday, seeking· mechanical aptitudes adaptable to compete for these appointments. On the March 10, 1950. the particular kinds of jobs in the skilled other hand, the bill, if enacted, would pro This bill has the endorsement of the Amer trades later to be filled. vi«e hundreds of other veterans an oppor ican Federation of Labor; the Government It should be noted, however, in the pres tunity to compete for these positions. Employ~es' Council, AFL; and other organ ent· instances, that the Bureau of Engrav The action of. the Bureau in insisting on izations affiliated with the American Federa ing and Printing is seeking to fill apprentice a closed examination strikes at a funda tion of Labor. Veterans of Foreign Wars; jobs without resorting first to the list of mental root in our whole civil-service system Disabled American Veterans; Catholic War available journeymen waiting to be consid as well as veteran preference in Government Veterans of United States; AMVETS. ered. This number is approximately forty. service. The policy of the ·Bureau, if left This bill is opposed by the United Public There have been times when certain dis unchallenged and carried to its ultimate con- Workers Union, recently expelled from the sident groups employed in the Bureau have, . clusion, would result in few if any open com CIO; prominent Communists in this coun under the leadership of well-known fellow petitive examinations for appointment. Vet try; and their allies. travelers w.ho have paraded before the Bu erans, desiring to enter .the public service The defeat of this bill on May l ; WOU1d be reau entrance with their usual "demands" as apprentice, etc., would first be- required a real May Day celebration for the Commu .. and chants on how some classes of our coun · to serve as a messenger or gu~rd; Surely, - nists· of this country. · · trymen are being "discriminated". against. this was never the intention of the Congress Senate bill 3050, a companion bill to H. R . This is but a part of· the p;i.rty line often_ . tn .enacting the basic Civil Service Act; or 7185, has ~ beerr ·favorably report~ct - by the demonstrated ·by the well-classified trouble the Veterans' Preference Act of 1944. Senate Committee on Post Office and Civil makers who have worked hard to divide Efforts have been made to ' becloud the Service and ls now on the Senate Calendar. Government· employees into conflicting principle underlying this legislation by in . We respectfully request and urge you to classes. traducing the issue of racial discrimination. · be present and vote for H. R. 7185, on Mon Unless this bill is passed, veterans, except This is a great injustice which serves naught day, May 1, 1950. a small number in the Bureau; will be com but to mislead the Congress. · Actually ap Respectfully. . pletely ·discriminated against and the spirit proval of this legislation woul.d provide hun Government Employees' Council of . the · of the Veterans' Preference . Act :will have dreds of .veterans of .au races an opportunity American Federation of Labor:' Leo El. been ·violated· once· more. A number of per to compete for positions i.p.. the-.civil service.-·· George, chairman; William C. Doherty, sons of the small group to which the exam The racial issue has been inspired by a small vice chairman; Orrin A. Burrows, sec ination ·has been limited are receiving twice group of employees of the Bureau of En retary-treasurer; Thomas G . Walters, as much or more now than they would re graving and Printing who claim a privilege operations director; John B. Haggerty; ceive as apprentices should they finally be to compete for these jobs, yet would deny to William C. O'Neill; Louis A. Lopez; appointed. This raises a question of good others of their own race equality of oppor James G. Yaden; Stanley w. Oliver; faith which remains unanswered as to why tuni-ty. W. M. Thomas; trustees. much lower pay is welcomed in order to In •ehalf of the Veterans of Foreigl). Wars prevent the examination from being open of the United ~tates, I hope that you will to all competitors. vote in favor of passage of the blll H. R. 7185. AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR, Respectfully yours, Washington, D. C., March 31, 1950. Mr. ROONEY. Mr. Speaker, I have MY DEAR CONGRESSMAN: On April 3, H. R. OMAR B. KETCHUM, Director. decided that I am going to vote against 7185 will be up for discussion in the House. suspending the rules and passing this It will be appreciated if you will take time bill H. R. 7'185. I am in favor of legis GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES' COUNCIL to read the attached supporting discussions OF THE AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LAECR, of this bill offered to amend the Veterans' lation adding the positions of appren Washington D. C., February 10, 1950. Preference Act of 1944. tices to those positions reserved for vet Hon. TOM MURRAY, With all good wishes, I am, erans under the Veterans' Preference Chairman, House Post Office and Sincerely, Act. I would vote for this bill were it Civil Service Committee, WM. GREEN, not for the retroactive date March 1, House Office Building, President, American Federation of Labor. 1950, contained in section 2 on page 2 Washington, D. C. thereof. The inclusion of this date can DEAR CONGRESSMAN MURRAY: On February AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR, only·mean that it is directed against the 7, Congressman RAMSAY introduced H. R. March 31, 1950. few dozen Negro veterans here in the 7185 to amend Public Law 359, chapter 287, Seventy-eighth Congress, second session. REMARKS IN SUPPORT OF H. R. 7185 District of Columbia in the Bureau of This legislation was drafted to eliminate This bill provides for open competitive ex- Printing and Engraving. I will not vote a condition which now exists in the Bureau . aminations for apprentices in the Federal for a bill which is directed primarily of Engraving and Printing. At the present service. It would amend the Veterans' Pref and solely against this small group of time, only those who were able to receive erence Act of 1944 to include apprentice ' war veterans. war-service or temporary appointments in jobs of all types in the group for which vet;. The SPEAKER. All time has expired. the Bureau are eligible to take examinations. erans only are to be eligible for competition The question is on the motion of the H. R. 7185 when enacted into law would for a period of 5 years following a declara gentleman from Tennessee that the rules make all veterans eligible to take examina tion of peace, either by the President or the tions. Congress. be suspended and that the bill be passed. '\Ve feel that this bill is fair and just and The bill is intended to counteract a con The question was taken; and the Chair will be a very popular piece of legislation and dition which has been created administra being in doubt, the House divided, and will have the active support of the Govern tively in the Bureau of Engraving and Print there were-ayes 113, noes 62. ment Employes' Council, the majority of the ing. In the Bureau; the Treasury Depart Mr. MURRAY of Tennessee. Mr. veterans' organizations, and the American ment and the Director of the Bureau have Speaker, I object to the vote on the Federation of Labor. I am of tfl.e opinion determined, with the sanction of the Civil ground that a quorum is not present. that the Civil Service Commission will en Service Commission, that only a handful of The SPEAKER. The Chair will count. dorse the intent of this legislation. persons now employed in the Bureau may [After counting.] Two hundred and Frank Coleman and I would ·appreciate an compete for apprenticeship appointments. opportunity to discuss with you the merit's This is a departure from policy and prac twelve Members are present, not a of this legislation. tice generally throughout the Federal serv quorum. Most sincerely, ice. It differs substantially from the method The doorkeeper will close the doors, THOMAS G. WALTERS, used in the Government Printing Office the Sergeant at Arms will notify absent Operations Director. where beginners are recruited for skilled Members, and the Clerk will call the roll 6102 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE The question was taken; and there O'Sullivan Rogers, Mass. Simpson, m. Mr. O'Brlen.. of Michigan with Mi. Simllson were-yeas 209, nays 94, not voting 127, O'Toole Rooney Sullivan of Pennsylvania. as follows: Philbin Sabath Tauriello Mr. Bolling with Mr. Hand. · Phillips, Callf. Scott, Vorys Mr. Keogh with Mr. Wigglesworth. [Roll No. 146) Polk Hugh D.,.Jr. Wagner Rabaut Shelley Yates Mr. Rhodes wlth Mr. Hardie Scott. YEAS-209 Ribicoff Sheppard Zablocki Mr. Quinn with Mr. Wadsworth. Mr. Smathers with Mr. Gamble. Abbitt Hardy Patten NOT VOTING-127 Mr. Kruse with Mr. Canfield. Abernethy Hare · Perkins Addonizio Green Nixon Mr. Crook with Mr. Beall. Albert Harris Peterson Andrews Gwinn Noland Allen, Calif. Harrison Pickett Mr. Miller of California with Mr. Miller of Battle Hall, O'Brien, Mich. Maryland. Allen, Ill. Hays, Ark. Plumley Beall Leonard W. Patterson Allen, La. Hebert Poage Bennett, Fla. Halleck Pfeifer, Mr. Morgan with Mr. McGregor. Andersen,. Hedrick Potter Biemiller Hand JosephL. Mr. Walsh with Mr. Jenkins. H. Carl Herlong Poulson Boggs, La. Harden Pfeiffer, Mr. White of ·california with Mr. Weichel. Anderson, Calif.Hill Preston Bolling Hart William L. Mr. Miles .with Mr. Latham. Andresen, Hobbs Priest Boykin Harvey Phillips, Tenn. Mr. Carlyle with Mrs. Harden. August H. Hoeven Ramsay Buchanan Hays, Ohlo Powell Mr. Deane With Mr. Harvey. Angell Hoffman, Mich. Rankin Buckley, N. Y. Hinshaw Price Arends Holmes Redden Mr. Engle of California with Mr. McCul· Byrne, N. Y. Hoffman, Ill. Quinn loch. · Auchincloss Hope · Reed, Ill. Byrnes, Wis. Irving Rains Bailey Horan Reed, N. Y. Canfield Jacobs Rhodes Mr. Feighan with Mr. Woodruff. Barden Hull Rees Cannon James Richards Mr. Noland with Mr. Kilburn. Barrett, Wyo. J ackson, Calif. Regan Carlyle Javits Rodino Mrs. Woodhouse with Mr. Goodwin. Bates, Ky. Jenison Rich Case, S. Dak. Jenkins Rogers, Fla. Mr. Young with Mr. Leonard W. Hall. Beckworth Jennings Riehlman Cavalcante Jones, Ala. Roosevelt Bennett, Mich. Jensen Rivers Mr. Hart with Mr. Miller of Nebraska. Chatham Jones, N. C. Sadlak Mr. Wier with Mr. Velde. Bentsen Johnson St. George Chudoff Kearns Sadowski Blackney Jones, Mo. Sanborn Cooley Kelley. Pa. Scott, Hardie Mr. Elliott with Mr. James.. . Boggs, Del. Judd Sasscer Corbett Keogh Simpson, Pa. Mr. Kirwan with Mr. Hoffman of Illlnois. Bolton, Md. Karst Saylor Coudert Kilburn Smathers Mr. McCarthy with Mr. Case of South Da- Bonner Kearney Scrivner Crook Kirwan Smith, Ohio kota. Bramblett Kee Scudder Crosser Kruse Stanley Mr. Mahon with Mr. Patterson. Breen Keefe Secrest Davenport Kunkel Taylor Brooks Kerr Shafer Davies, N. Y. Latham Velde Mr. MAGEE changed his vote from Brown, Ga. Kilday Short Davis, Tenn. Lesinski Wadsworth "nay" to "yea." Bryson Lanham Sikes Deane Lichtenwalter Walsh Buckley, Ill. Larcade Sims DeGraffenried Lodge Weichel Mr. McCONNELL changed his vote from Bulwinkle Lecompte Smith, Kans. Denton McCarthy Wheeler "nay" to "yea." Burleson LeFevre Smith, Va. Dingell McCulloch Whitaker Mr. KEARNEY changed his vote from Burnside Lemke Smith, Wis. Doughton McGrath Whlte, Calif. Burton Lind Spence Douglas McGregor Wickersham "nay" to "yea." Camp Lovre Staggers Elliott McMillen, nI. Widnall The result of the vote was announced Chelf Lucas Steed Engle, Calif. Mcsweeney Wier as above recorded. Chiperfleld Lyle Stefan Feighan Madden Wigglesworth Christopher McConnell Stigler Fenton Mahon Willis GENERAL PERMISSION TO . EXTEND Clevenger McCormack Stockman Furcolo Martin, Mass. Wilson, Ind. Cole, Kans. McDonough Sutton Gamble Miles Woodhouse Mr. MURRAY of Tennessee. Mr. Cole, N. Y. McMillan, S. C. Taber Gary Miller, Calif. Woodruff Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that Colmer Mack, Wash. Tackett Gilmer Miller, Md. Young Combs Macy Talle Goodwin Miller, Nebr. all Members may have five legislative Cooper Magee Teague Grant Morgan days within which to extend their re Cox Marshall Thomas marks on the bill just passed. Cunnlngham Martin, Iowa Thompson So Louisiana and Mr. Whitaker Be it enacted, etc., That section 202 of the Gossett O'Neill Wolverton Classification Act of 1949, approved October Gregory Pace Wood !or, with Mr. Roosevelt against. Gross Passman Mr. Fenton and Mr. Gary for, with Mr. 28, 1949 ( 63 Stat. 954), is amended by ,chang Hagen Patman Joseph L. Pfeifer against. ing the period at the end of clause (31) to a semicolon and adding the following new NAYS-94 Mr. Rains and Mr. Wheeler for, with Mr. Corbett against. clause, numbered (32) : Aspinall Doyle Howell Mr. Battle and Mr. Cooley for, with Mr. "(32) postal employees of the Panama Baring Eberharter Huber Canal whose rates of compensation are fixed Barrett, Pa. Ellsworth Jonas Buchanan against. . Mr. jones of North Carolina and Mr. Wick by the Governor of the Panama Canal with Bates, Mass. Elston Jackson, Wash. reference to the rates of compensation for Bishop Engel, Mich. Karsten ersham for, with Mr. Dingell against. Blatnik Fernandez Kean similar positions in the field service of the Mr. Grant and Mr. Andrews for, with Mr. Post Office Department of the United States." Bolton, Ohlo Fogarty Keating McGr ath against. Bosone Forand Kelly, N. Y. Brehm Fulton Kennedy Mr. Bennett of Florida and Mr. Chatham The bill was ordered to be engrossed Brown, Ohio Gavin King for, with Mr. Coudert against. and read a third time, was read the third Burdick Gillette Klein Mr. Jones of Alabama and Mr. Willis for, time, and passed, and a motion to recon Burke Gordon Lane with Mr. Buckley of New York against. · sider was laid on the table. Carnahan Gorski Lineh an Mr. Rogers of Florida and Mr. Richards for, Carroll Graham Lynch DAYLIGHT-SAVING TIME FOR THE Case, N. J. Granahan McGuire with Mr. Sadowski against. Cell er Granger McKinnon Mr. Taylor and Mr. Boykin for, with Mr. DISTRICT OF C'OLUMBIA Chesney Hale Mack, Ill. Price against. Clemente Hall, Mansfield Mr. McMILLAN of South Carolina. Cotton Edwin Arthur Marcantonio General pairs until further notice: Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rules Crawford Havenner Marsalis and pass the bill

called. The radio networks all go on Mr. .CHELF. Mr. ' Speaker, will the --Mr. O'HARA of- Minnesota. Mr ~ daylight saving time. Transportation gentleman yield? Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentle~ facilities all remain on standard time. Mr. HARRIS. I yield. . man from Missouri [Mr. JoNES]. The situation is confused throughout the Mr. CHELF. It has been stated that Mr. JONES of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, Nation. there is a great deal of confusion by hav I believe that the· gentleman from Ar Sometime I believe that the Congress ing daylight saving time. Since the rest kansas has stated· the question pretty of the United States should clear it up of the eastern seaboard has gone on day clearly. Every argument that has been one way or the other on a Nation-wide light-saving time, would it not be double made by people who say they favor day basis. confusion and double trouble if we do light saving time has been an argument But the thing we are to determine not go on daylight saving here? against it. here today is again whether or not the Mr. HARRIS. Well, whatever the -In my opinion, what the Congress people of the District of Columbia will action of the Congress is today, I do not should do but what we do not have the go on daylight saving time, and per think it is going to clear it up, because opportunity to do today is to say that the haps the metropolitan area of the Dis you have these facilities and services in District of Columbia shall never go on trict, because I understand they are the country and some are on one sched daylight saving time. -Then I believe we waiting for the Congress to take action ule and some on the other. It is not would eliminate this confusion in the one way or the other, and if the Dis- going to clear it up because the people country. This bill was reported out of . trict goes on daylight saving time, then throughout the country are affected by the committee by the small margin of 1 Arlington and adjqining sections of it. I disagree with those who say that vote; the vote was 10 to 9. Every argu Maryland will follow. this applying to the District of Columbia ment agrees that confusion results from Personally I am going to support this is only for the people of the District of this. There is nothing to prevent any bill. I do that, Mr. Speaker, because so Columbia. I think it does have a vital industry or any group of people from many people locally have told me they effect on the rest of the country. changing their hours of work to take ad prefer it because· they want the District Mr. GAVIN. Mr. Speaker, will the vantage of this recreational period that to be in step with other metropolitan gentleman yield? is spoken of. In that connection it has areas throughout the entire Atlantic Mr. HARRIS. I yield. been my observation that all of-the peo coast area. I do not give much cre Mr. GAVIN. The gentleman says it ple favor daylight saving time make up dence, frankly, to the poll which was should be cleared up once and for all. the group that is always looking for taken. I am not familiar with how it Do you have any proposals to offer by shorter hours, more pay, and less work; was conducted. I know the police de which it can be determined for all time? they want more time in which to engage partment, who was charged with the Mr. HARRIS. No; I cannot, because in activities other than productive ones. responsibility, did the best it could under I have stated that the Congress is here I think that if we at this time defeated the circumstances. However, in my continuously. this bill, it would be notice to the rest of opinion, the poll was generally taken Mr. GAVIN. Do you have any idea the country which looks to the Congress by those who were somewhat prejudiced how it could be done? for leadership that we are not in favor of and naturally, .when they would see a -Mr. HARRIS. The committee failed the continuation of this time change, I person and ask them if they wanted to to report a bill which would give the believe that, if you vote the bill down to be put down for daylight saving, they Commissioners authority to declare day day, it will not come up again. were approached in such a way that light-saving time each year. Mr. McMILLAN of South Carolina. they would say "Yes." I personally · Mr. O'HARA of Minnesota. Mr. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gen know of some who have responded to Speaker, will the gentleman yield? tleman from Utah [Mr. GRANGERL those requests . . So, consequently, I do Mr. HARRIS. I yield. Mr. GRANGER. Mr. Speaker; l have not join my colleague · from New York Mr. O'HARA of Minnesota. If we pass consistently been opposed to daylight [Mr. KLEIN] in saying that was a con this bill it does not change the railroad saving time. sideration. However, I do call attention or airport or bus time. They go on I am sorry to say to my good friend to the fact that the District of Colum standa.rd ti~e. but the confusion is then from Minnesota [Mr. O'HARA] that I bia, in my opinion, does want to keep created in the minds of the public who cannot go along with him this time be in step with the other metropolitan do the traveling, cause I believe that we are faced with areas of the East. - Mr. HARRIS. The gentleman is cor- a practical situation. The best evidence I want to say that thi:; is·the preroga -rect. I just tried to explain that. we have shows that the people of the tive of the Congress of the United States. One other thing. That ls the reason District of Columbia are in favor of day- -_ It is in accordance with the Constitution. this came up under suspension of tbe light time. I think it would be a mistake · When those who shout so loudly that rules. Some of us questioned this pro at this time to keep the District on slow Congress should not have anything to cedure, but it is well known that on time while the major cities of the country do with legislation of this kind, I only yesterday, in other metropolitan areas are on fast time. As confused as the refer you to the Constitution of the throughout the country, they went on situation is now, to keep the District on United States, which has been in effect daylight-saving time. If we did not slow time would only further add to the throughout the history of this country. bring this up now and act on it under confusion. · suspension of the rule-I do not know I do not know what is the answer to Mr. O'HARA of Minnesota. Mr. this daylight-saving problem. You are whether this Congress will adopt it by Speaker, I yield myself 3 minutes. not going to solve it by saying whether a two-thirds vote or not-but I think Mr. MORRIS. Mr. Speaker, will the the Congress should determine it today gentleman yield? it should be in the District of Columbia or not at all, and not go along here for or not, because the radio networks and Mr. O'HARA of Minnesota. I yield. 3 or 4 weeks, as we have in the past, and Mr. MORRIS. The two gentlemen the transportation facilities and many then say we should go on daylight-saving other businesses are going to continue who preceded me said that heretofore time. That is the reason we brought this they have been consistently against day in a confused status, and the people of to you today under suspension or the the country are going to continue to light-saving time, but this time were go rules. ing to be for it. I wish to advise the have to put up with that confused status Mr. CHELF. Will the gentleman gentlemen that heretofore I have been until the Congress settles it for the en yield again? consistently against it and am still tire United States. Personally, I vmuld Mr. HARRIS. I yield. against it. oppose it. But I do call attention to the Mr. CHELF. Since I have been here -Mr. CAMP. Mr. Speaker, will the fact that this comes before us every year, I have constantly been against daylight gentleman yield? and I do not think the Congress should saving time, but since the people here Mr. O'HARA of Minnesota. I yield. take up its time in this way every year. seem to want it, and since the eastern Mr. CAMP. I merely want to state We should act, as it is our responsibility, seaboard has already adopted it, I am that in the place where I live they asl{ed to settle it, once and for all. Then, if it constrained to go along with it. me how I stood on daylight-saving time, ~s determined that it is needed or. it Mr. HARRIS. I thank the gentle- and when I said I was against it they did should be changed, the Congress is here, man. · not off er me a ballot or a chance to vote. and the Congress should act in the inter The SPEAKER. The time of the gen I think that was true of those living at est of the people of the country. tleman from Arkansas has expired. our plaee. There were enough ballots 6106 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 1 for everybody who live there, but orily Mr. O'HARA of Minnesota. Mr. Short Stefan Vorys those who were for daylight time were Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and Sikes Sutton Vursell Simpson,m. Tackett Wagner allowed to vote. nays. · · Smith, Kans. Talle Williams Mr. O'HARA of Minnesota. Mr. The yeas and nays were ordered. Smith, Va, Thomas Winstead Speaker, I think that unfortunately in The question was taken; and there Smith, Wis. Trimble Wood some of these polls which are taken and were-yeas 194, nays 87, not voting 149. NOT VOTING-149 which seem to have some effect on some · as follows: Addonlzio Gilmer Nixon of our colleagues they are giving too (Roll No. 147) Andrews Goodwin Noland much credit to the type of poll which is Baring Grant Norton conducted. YEAS-194 Battle Green O'Brien, Mich. Abbitt Graham Mitchell Beall Gwinn O'Neill I had the legislative drafting service, Albert Granahan MonrQney Bennett, Fla. Hall, · Patterson through the clerk of our committee, pre Allen, Calif. Granger Morton Biemiller Leonard W. Pfeifer, pare an amendment which I intended to Anderson, Calif. Hagen Moulder Boggs, La. Halleck Joseph L. Arends Hale ¥ulter Bolling Hand Pfeiffer, o:ff er before knowing that this bill was Aspinall Hardy Murdock Bosone Harden WilliamL. going to come up under a Suspension of Auchincloss Harris Murphy Boykin Hart Phillips, Tenn. the rules, an amendment which would Balley Havenner Nelson Buchanan Harvey Powell Barrett, Pa. Hays, Ark. Nicholson Buckley, Ill. Hays, Ohio Price have eliminated the Government and Bates, Mass. Hebert Norblad Buckley, N. Y. Hinshaw Quinn transportation facilities so that there Beckworth Hedrick O'Brien, ill. Bulwinkle Hoffman, m. Rains would be absolutely no question about Bennett, Mich. Heffernan Pace Burdick Jacobs Rhodes their not being involved in ·this daylight Bentsen Heller Patman Byrne, N. Y. James Richards Blackney Herlong Patten Byrnes, Wis. Javits Rodino saving time; but I cannot offer the Blatnik Herter Perkins Canfield Jenkins Rogers, Fla. amendment because the bill comes up Boggs, Del. Heselton Peterson Cannon Jennings Roosevelt under a suspension of the rules. Bolton, Md. Hobbs Philbin Carlyle Johnson Sadlak Bolton, Ohio Holifield Plumley Case, S. Dak. Jones, Ala. Sadowski Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Speaker, will the Bonner Holmes Poage Cavalcante Jones, N. C. Scott, Hardie gentleman yield? Bramblett Hope Polk Chatham Kearns Simpson, Pa.. Breen Horan Potter Chudotf Kelley, Pa. Sims Mr. O'HARA of Minnesota. I yield. Brown, Ga. Howell Poulson Colmer Kelly, N. Y. Smathers Mr. BROOKS. I may say to the gen Bryson Huber Priest Cooley Keogh Smith, Ohio tleman from Minnesota that I would Burke Irving Rabaut Corbett Kilburn Stanley Burleson Jackson, Calif. Ramsay Coudert Kilday Steed have no objection to the local people Burnside Jackson, Wash. Reed, Ill. Crook Kirwan - Taylor working the hours and time they want to Burton Jenison Regan Crosser Kruse Thompson work; but when it comes to the Govern Carnahan Jonas Ribicoff Davenport Kunkel Velde Carroll Judd Rich Davies, N. Y. Latham Vinson ment I think the Government should be Case, N. J. Karst Riehlman Davis, Tenn. Lichtenwalter Wadsworth on such time that makes for the best Celler Karsten Rivers Davis, Wis. Lodge Walsh . interest, not of the people of the District Chelf Kean Rogers, Mass. Dawson McCarthy Weichel of Columbia, but the people of the United Chesney Kearney Rooney Deane McCulloch Wheeler Clemente Keating St. George DeGraffenried McGrath Whitaker States as a whole. Cole, Kans. Kee Sasscer Delaney McGregor White, Calif. Mr. O'HARA of Minnesota. The gen Cole, N. Y. Kennedy Saylor Denton McMillen, Ill. White, Idaho tleman is absolutely correct. Combs Kerr Scott, Dingell - Mcsweeney Whitten Cotton King Hugh D., Jr. Doughton Madden Wickersham Mr. BROOKS. And if changing time Crawford Klein Scudder Douglas Magee Widnall causes more confusion throughout the Dague Lane Secrest Eaton Mahon Wigglesworth Dollinger Lanham Shelley Elliott Martin, Mass. Willis entire country than keeping standard Dondero LeFevre Spence Feighan Miles Wilson, Ind. time, then I say we should keep standard Donohue Lesinski Staggers Fenton Miller, Calif. Wilson, Okla. time. Doyle Lind Stigler Fernandez Miller, Md. Woodhouse Durham Linehan Stockman Fulton Miller, Nebr. Woodruff Mr. O'HARA of Minnesota. I thank Eberharter Lovre Sulllvan Gamble Morgan Young the gentleman. Ellsworth Lucas Taber Gary Morrison Mr. Speaker, I hope that this bill will Elston Lyle Tauriello Engel, Mich. Lynch Teague So 1945· and has been employed by (e) New construction abroad. Soviet Russia and the slavery and deg the State Department since that time in The SPEAKER. The time· of the gen radation it would impose upon ·au man research and intelligence. 3. An investigative report dated May 4, tleman from Arkan~as has expir~d. kind. ·I have some information which I be 1946, reflected the opinions of eight persons, MEXICAN SHRIMP BOAT SEIZURE including six professors at Harvard a.nd the lieve is of vital importance to the se University of California, a naval officer, and a Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. curity and integrity of our State Depart fellow student, that he has strong Commu Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ment and our Government. I am work nist sympathies. They stated he frequently address the House for 1 minute. ing under rather severe limitations here expounded these sympathies and is either a The SPEAKER. .Is there objection to for I try at all times to conform to the party member or a fellow traveler. the request of the gentlewoman from rules of the House. I shall do so this Massachusetts? afternoon. Case No. 1, page 176:. There was no objection. During the Eightieth Congress, in 1. He was born in New York City in Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. vestigators of the House Appropriations 1918. He was employed as an economist and analyst with OSS and the State Depart Speaker, I have talked· with the State Committee, under the chairmanship of ment since June 1945. Previous to that he Department regarding the seizure by the the gentleman from New York [Mr. had worked fol' the Treasury Department and Mexican Government of the five Ameri TABER] conducted a general inspection the War Production Board. He is now 1n can fishing vessels off the coast of of State Department functions. Inci research and intelligence. Mexico. They tell me that ·today is a dent to this inspection, they examined holiday in Mexico, but that on Wednes the loyalty files in the State Depart Case No. 9, page 180: day those five fishing vessels will be re ment, this being done prior to the Presi · 1. The subject is ·also an applicant for leased on the payment of a fine, if a fine dent's directive of March 13, 1948, lim a position as Foreign Service career officer, be insisted upon. I hope, Mr. Speaker, iting access to these files. As a result and is presently a Foreign Service reserve officer under the informational and cultural that the fine will not be insisted upon. of this examination, memoranda were :program. He was appointed to this position We have had the most friendly relations prepared concerning some 108 individ in September 1947 and was assigned to Milan, with Mexico. The Mexican Ambassa:.. uals whose files were reviewed. These Italy, where he is engaged in the educational dor and his wife are very fine people. persons were employed or mere appli program. He was a major and, subsequently, I attended the Inter-American Confer cants for .employment ib the State De lieutenant colonel, in the United States Army ence held in Mexico City, and I know partment. from May 1943 to August 1946, after which he the worth of the Mexican people. I ·In.a public record of the proceedings was assigned to the educational program in should be very sorry to see any incident with respect to the appropriation for Italy. 1950 ; CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6109 2. Member ·of trade-union de-legations to to set· forth information from the State agreed with the liberal views of the· cousin. Soviet Russia in 1927. (This delegation was Department files which ·would disprove And Assistant Secret ary of State Peurifoy, repudiated by William Green, president ot charges of disloyalty with respect to each the only one of Mr. Robinson's superiors to the A. F , of L.) testify, made it plain that, aside from the individual. As a matter of fact, the second-cousin angle, everything the State ·Case· No. 44, ·page 182: House investigators' report, being not for Department knows about Mr. Robinson is 1. He was appointed on January 2, 1947, the primary purpose of challenging the complimentary. He was recommended for for a position as economic analyst in research State Department's conclusion as to dis appointment by Assistant Secretary of State and intelligence. loyalty or security risk, did not in most Norman Armour, was praised by William L. 2. He was employed by the Soviet Pur instances -concern itself with the merits Clayton, when he was Under Secretary of chasing Commission and its subsidiary auto of each case. The House material mere State, and is highly regarded by John Foster stroy from 1932 to July 1945. Dulles and other prominent and reliable citi ly dealt with the necessity or the inade zens. Mr. Peurifoy told the subcommittee Case No. 61, page 183: · quacy of the investigation. that the FBI report was favorable to Mr. 1. The subject agreed that she was re Over 2 years ago I served as a mem Robii:ison, except for the reference to the sponsible for the State Department having ber of the subcommittee of the Commit second cousin. employed No. 12, but stated that it was be tee on Expenditures in the Executive . To pillory a responsible official of the State cause of his ability only that she had rec Departments consisting of former Rep Department on such flimsy evidence as Mr. ommended him. resentative J. Edgar Chenoweth, chair Busbey produced at the hearing is unfair in man, former Representative Fred Bus .. the extreme. Such exht:qitions can do grave Case No. 99, page 173: harm to the l?erious business of trying to safe~ 1. Sev'eral references state he ·1s a liberal~ bey and the gentleman from Minnesota., guard the Government against subversive in but anti-Communist. One informant states Representative Walter Judd, Republi dividuals. he is a friend of C-:36, of FCC, a reported cans, the majority-leader, the gentleman Communist. He is a member of . tlle Na~ from Massachusetts, Representative Of the 108 cases considered by the Sub tional Lawyers Guild and Washington Book McCormack, and · myself, Democrats, 'committee on Expenditures the hearings Shop. His wife belongs to the League of that investigated the list of 108 names. developed that 57 of the individuals were Women Sh9ppers.. The applicant is a sub Our .investigation of these cases re e_mployed iri March 1948 and 5l were not scriber to New Masses, and has. cJosely ~sso-. sulted from· the information obtained employed . . Of the 51 not employed 23 ciated with members of t!l ~ American PeopJes had never worked' for. the State .Depart Mobilization and Washington-Con:i,mittee -for · by the Subcommittee on Appropriations Democratic Action. . A. relative of his_has for the· State . Department as shc:iwn iri ment but, were ~ applicants . for .. positions. Resigned or, terminated~ a financiaMn te~est in -ttre Daily -Wor:ker: the- printed hearings of the apprcipria-. 28. : · . . tion bill ,fot 19,49. - The public hearings . Of the 57 who were employed, the. hear Case No. 100, page 173: on March 10 and 12, 1948, before the ings show that all of these cases were 1. He is an applic,ant . for a P-8 .position subcommittee of which I was a member submitted· to the Federal ·Bureau of Iri with the State Department. He has been clearly show that the 108 cases are the· vestigation. At that time, the Assistant ~mployed by the" Treasury Departme.nt from Secretary of State . testified that about April 1940 to the present . time, except fpr sarn:e as those . considered· by the Sub_. <;ommittee. on Appropriations. The r.e-' half of -the 57 had already been investi military leave from July, 1942 to· December. gated· by· the FBI a_nd approved by the 1942. . . . . sults of the investigation . made by the 2. He is highly recommended by E-3, and Subcommittee . on Expenditures were. State Department. He said that 22 of is an apparent prodigy of. E-2. Both of such that not even a report.was made; It the cases were then pending before the these individuals are alleg~dly engaged in was considered that the investigation FBI and they· were awaiting reports of Soviet espionage activities. did not warrant· the making of any re investigations of them. 3. CSA has received information from an port. The hearings indicate that a ma This is all that I.can. say from the hear other Government agency to the effect that ing, which is a public record on file in the subject was one of many contacts of jority of the subcommittee felt that the State Department was doing a good the Clerk's office, and I must confine E-19, subject of a Soviet espionage case. myself to that but I want to· point out . 4. One of the subject's refere:o.ces refused job. This, too, was in the Republican recommendation of him because of his asso- controlled Congress. to the House that these 108 cases are . ciation with two pro-Communists. At that time the office of controls more than 2 Y2 years old. The hearings which had charge of security matters to which I have referred show that they Case No. 78, page 184: within the Department was under Mr. were under study and investigation by 1. Inasmuch as most of the information in Hamilton Robinson, who was investi the Eightieth Congress as well as the FBI this report was given in the strictest confi at the time the Department of State was dence by loyal employees of OIE, it is gated at the hearing. As I said, the Sub committee on Expenditures made no in charge of one of the gre·atest Ameri strongly recommended th~t it not be made cans I know, Gen. George Marshall. Do a matter of public record. However, there is official report to the House of the hear set out beiow from a CSA memorandum of ings but there was some rather descrip you think that a man of his honesty and June 18, 1947, a summary of the informa tive editorial comment about the matter patriotism would have permitted any of tion developed by investigation. It is sug particularly when the committee found the 108 or the 57 I have mentioned, who gested the committee may wish to use it that the only card Mr. Robinson carried might be questionable security risks, to rather than the appendix in recorded hear was the card of the New York Republic remain with the Department as a threat ings. an Party. At this point I should like to to the country for which he fought? I 2. However, the special agent was able to quote a few paragraphs from an editorial do not. I have great respect for ·him and locate and interrogate numerous witnesses I believe that is shared by the majority who stated in substance that the subject has of the Washington Evening Star for March 11, 1948: of the people of America. (gathered together in this office) a mixture It is "important to the interest of our of fellow travelers, pseudo-liberals, and out The session was called as a result of a let country that the matter I have pre right Communists. These witnesses stated ter Mr. Busbey wrote last February to Chair that this group is a closely knit sect, the man Chenoweth, of the subcommittee, hav sented be looked into and the facts ob members of which protect each other and ing to do with State Department expendi tained and further disclosed. . continuously assail anyone who dares to dis tures. In that letter, released at the time Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, will agree with their·way of thinking. to the press, Mr. Busbey flatly asserted that the gentleman yield? Mr . .KARSTEN. I yield to the distin It is very important to observe from Mr. Robinson was not qualified for his job. The Busbey letter said, moreover, that "in guished majority leader, who was a the record that on January 28 and 29, view of certain facts known to his superiors, member of the Subcommittee on Ex 1948, during the Republican-controlled he should have been removed from office penditures in the Executive Depart Eightieth Congress, the Subcommittee of many months ago." Mr. Busbey was quoted ments in the Eightieth Congress. the House Appropriations Committee as saying he intended to prove his charges. Mr. McCORMACK. I remember well considered the report of the House in But the only conceivably derogatory fact the inv:estigation which was made. It vestigators concerning the 108 individ that Mr. Busbey proved at the hearing was started out with this gentleman Robin uals. Testimony was received in the ex that Mr. Robinson has a second cousin who, son, to whom you have referred. The ecutive session; the matter was consid Mr. Busbey said, resigned from the State Department in 1946 while under investiga subcommittee was properly constituted. ered: and no further action was taken. tion. The questioning of Mr: Robinson re I see our former chairman of the Com It is apparent that the memorandums vealed that he has had "absolutely nothing mittee on Expenditures, the gentleman prepared by the House investigators in to do" with the second cousin since taking from Michigan (Mr. HOFFMAN] on the 1947 were selective and did not presume over the Otnce of Controls, and that he dis .. fioor, Mr. <;:henoweth was chairman, 6110 CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD-HOUSE MAY ·l · and the gentleman from Minnesota. Mr. McCORMACK. But we could not picked up what the investigators of the [Mr. JUDD] was a member of it, as was get . our Republican colleagues on the Appropriations Committee found. Out former Congressman Busbey, Republi committee together to even make a re of 20,000 employees in the State Depart~ cans, and ·the gentleman from Missouri port. ment in the Foreign Service they brought and I were on the minority side. Mr. Mr. KARSTEN. And it is important up 108 cases of which 23 were never em Busbey sent a letter to Mr. Chenoweth to observe from the hearings at that ployed by the State Department at any making charges against a man by the point that it was the concensus of the time, and 14 were not even going to be name of Robinson. I thought it was majority of the committee that the State considered. Under the -law once they strange that he should be a member of Department was doing a good job under pass the examination for the Foreign the subcommittee, because he not only the direction of General Marshall. Service they have to be given an oral ex charged the man, but in his letter to the Mr. McCORMACK. And you can rest amination, so Mr. Peurifoy testified be former chairman, . Mr. Chenoweth, he content that if they thought otherwise fore the committee; and the decision was convicted him. There he sat on the they would have made a report. made that 14 were not even to be con jury, so to speak. But I did not raise Mr. KARSTEN. •In a Republican sidered, and the other 9 who were going any question. None of us did at that Congress I have no doubt of it. to be considered were among the 108 time. In any event, the committee went Mr. McCORMACK. It was a Repub-. cases. into that, and I may say that the chair lican-controlled committee. · There were Our records are public but they were man appeared to be very much dis three Republican members and two not even printed; we did not even want gusted. Democrat members. The result of it to put the Government to the expense Mr. KARSTEN. At several points was that it just simply folded up. No of having them printed. during the hearing the chairman took body wanted to think· about it again. Mr. KARSTEN. I may say to the charge of the meeting himself and said, Everybody recognized that the State De-· Majority Leader that copies of the hear "This part of the investigation is partment was handling whatever situa ings are available· and are in the pos~ closed." Apparently he had enough of tion existed there under Secretary Mar session of the Clerk. it. shall and former Secretary Byrnes-I Mr. McCORMACK. They are public Mr. McCORMACK. Yes; and Mr. think General Marshall was then Sec records and the transcript of the evi Busbey wanted to keep right on. Mr. retary. dence is available, I assume, in the Chenoweth just cut him o1f short and Mr. KARSTEN. He was then the Sec Clerk's office. But the subcommittee said, "This part of the investigation is retary. did not think it important enough even over, as far as Robinson is concerned." Mr. McCORMACK. The situation to have the hearings printed. Am I I remember Robinson's saying that the right? only card-bearing association that he that existed under former Secretary Byrnes and General Marshall had been Mr. KARSTEN. The gentleman is was a member of during that time was handled by them. We knew they had absolutely correct. the Republican Club of New York City, Mr. McCORMACK. In any event the and he had been a member for 10 years. taken over several thousand employees of temporary agencies. They had been subcommittee, I want to say in that re Mr. KARSTEN. That is entirely cor spect, properly entered into it, my friend rect. transferred over into the State Depart ment. The State Department was go from Missouri agrees. The chairman Mr. McCORMACK. Of course, as a was very fair, and ·the gentleman from Democrat, I felt rather sorry that there ing through the investigations that in volved security risks which are entirely Minnesota [Mr. JUDD] was very fair be was not ~ome Democrat in the position, di1ferent from loyalty or disloyalty cases. cause we were there as minority mem but that is another story. bers and we are always presumed to be Mr. KARSTEN. I wondered about A person could be a security risk if being in a position to know something he fair, we Democrats. Mr. Busby was in that, too. sistent on interrogating Mr. Robinson. Mr. McCORMACK. Yes, but that is should not divulge, drank too much or was inclined to talk too much. He might He did not even want to stop when the another story. Then we went into the chairman of the committee, Mr. Cheno~ 108. There is no question but that the be just as good an American as anyone else and still not be a good security risk. weth, was so disgusted with· it that he · 108 cases were the 108 cases that the said in substance, "That phase is all Subcommittee on Appropriations in the Some people just cannot keep their mouth shut when they know something over; we are not going to look into that State Department had looked into, and any more." properly so. Mr. Peurifoy particularly and yet may be just as good a person as anybody else, just as good an American Mr. KEEFE. Mr. Speaker, will the testified that his Subcommittee on Ap gentleman yield? propriations had looked into these cases. as anybody else but not a good security They were gone into very thoroughly. I risk so far as a particular position or job Mr. McCORMACK. I yield. remember Mr. O'Donnell, attorney for is concerned. Mr. KEEFE. I have listened rather our subcommittee, inquired into them I think the gentleman from Missouri attentively to the discussion of the gen .. quite thoroughly. Three of the cases, as has made a marked contribution to our tleman from Missouri and the contribu I remember, were persons who were em country in the statement he released to tion made by the distinguished majority ployees of the State Department who the press and in making the speech he leader. Am I correct in the assumption were supposed to have signed a Com has made. that the conclusion which I am to draw munist petition, and upon inquiry they If ever an investigation blew up, and if as a result of this colloquy is that this found that it was three persons of the ever silence indicated a desire to avoid subcommittee of the Committee on Ex same names who had signed it, but not any reference to it, that has been penditures of the Eightieth Congress un the same persons in the State Depart achieved by the subcommittee on which der the chairmanship of Mr. Chenoweth ment. They were other persons entirely, the gentleman from Missouri and I did a remarkably good job and that the and it was a case of mistaken identity. served, the subcommittee that looked gentleman from Missouri and the gen In any event, the subcommittee went into the case of a man by the name of tleman from Massachusetts approved into it very thoroughly and at the end Robinson whose second cousin, mark of it? we did not even make a report. you, whose second cousin was supposed Mr. McCORMACK. I may say to the Mr. KARSTEN. If there ever was a to be pro-Communist. Or, make him ·out gentleman I must admit that Mr. Chen hearing that blew up on the committee a Communist; go the full distance and oweth conducted a very fair hearing. table, that was it. . say he was a Communist. Certainly· I Mr. KEEFE. So the action of the com Mr. McCORMACK. Well, it blew up am not going to convict any man of being mittee as I understand it-and I can on Mr. Busbey. The other members a Communist because his second cousin come to no other conclusion from the were Mr. Chenoweth and Mr. Judd, might be a Communist. That was the discussion which has taken place-was whom we all know and highly respect, whole theory at the time our investiga that, so far as Mr. Chenoweth was con and the gentleman from Missouri [Mr. tion started, and then it stretched into cerned, so far as the gentleman front KARSTEN] and myself. But it certainly the 108 cases. It is very apparent to me Minnesota [Mr. JUDD] was concerned, so blew up because nobody wanted to make that there is· a master list in the Com far as · the gentleman from Massachu a report. We tried to get a report. mittee on Appropriations. I see here a setts and the gentleman from Missouri Mr. KARSTEN. We tried our very member of the subcommittee, the gentle were concerned, they were in accord as best. man from New York [Mr. ROONEY]. We to what the final action of the committee CONGRESSIONAL RECOED-HOUSE 6111 would ·be witll respect to this subject admiration for, that the people of A1ner- , ment's staff during the next ·few weeks. matter. . . . ica are not naive either. They will un Depart1nental ofiicers were requested to Mr. McCORMACK. Exactly, except derstand when this whole matter is cooperate in 1naking availa-ble the infor that the ·108 cases were · never new. washed out, wherever it Inay be washed mation which the investigators would re Mr. KEEFE. . I understand that. out, the facts and the situation. quire. Subsequently, ·and during the Mr. McCORMACK. When you -talk Mr. KARSTEN. I Inay say to the gen period fro1n the 18th of September 1947 ab.out 80 cases and· read in the news tle1nan that the people of America are until Nove1nber 3, 1947, committee -in papers of 80 cases, most of them sup fair. They have a good sense bf judg- - vestigators, including Mr. Huston and posed to be of recent origin, they were ment. his assistant, Eugene Rinta, were down· among_ those 1.08. · · _ Mr. KEEFE. Yes, they are. in the State Depart1nent. They inter Mr. KEEFE. I take it the gentlem~n'$ Mr. KARSTEN. I think in a matter viewed e1nployees but spent most of their criticism of the action of this committee, of this kind we should refer that to time reviewing the · personnel security 1f any, is directed at.·former Representa their judgment. files. They were given desk space in the - tive Busbey. Mr. McCORMACK. Particularly file roo1n of the Division of Security and Mr. KARSTEN. I, have not criticized when two committees of the House have Investigations and had unli1nited access him. The gentleman led the discussion looked into it over 2 years ago, both con to all files and to all 1naterial in the files. 1n the hearings, and that was his right. trolled by the Republicans. This was prior to the President's direc Mr. KEEFE. The whole purport of Mr. KARSTE!\f. It does look convinc tive of March 15, 1948, covering the con the colloquy which has been placeq in ing. fidential treat1nent of loyalty files. Sub the RECORD is that this subcommittee did Mr. McCORMACK. It is very inter sequently a report was made in mi1neo take the report or a report f roin the esting to the A1nerican people. graphed f or1n to the House Co1nmittee Appropriations Subcommittee, ·and a re Mr. SABATH. Mr. Speaker, will the on Appropriations and to 1ne1nbers of the - port based upon this investi.gation by the . gentle1nan yield? Subco1n1nittee on Appropriations for the investigators of the Appropriations Co1n Mr. KARSTEN. I yield to the gentle Depart1nents of State, Justice, Co1n mittee in t.he Eightieth Congress, and man froin Illinois. merce, and Judiciary. In the month of conducted this hearing? - · · Mr. SABATH. I a1n not a 1ne1nber of January ·1948 the subco1n1nittee had a Mr. KARSTEN. We did not conduct either of these co1n1nittees, but I have copy of a 69-page 1Iii1neographed list of a hearing on your report. The gentle followed the proposition in reference to 108 cases which had been selected by the man's committee considered the matter the charges 1nade by InY colleague from investigators· froin the files of the De and our com1nittee thereafter considered Illinois, Mr. Busbey, and ·I presume the partment without regard to inserting the subject after the ·gentie1nan's com statement on the part of the gentleman any of the infor1nation in the files which mittee had done so. It is very interest fro1n Missouri is to call attention to the : was to the credit of any one of the 108 ing to know, I may say to the gentle unfairness of the charges and the lack persons, ·but which portrayed the worst man, that we had a .hearing and an of justification for 1naking them and picture as to each one of the 108. executive session after which the 1natter giving them to the press against the State The SPEAKER. The tiine of the gen was closed without any other action. Dep~rtment. In view of an investiga tleman from Missouri has expired. The same action as was taken by the tion on the part of the then Republi:. Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, ·I co1n1nittee of the gentleman from can 1najority in the Eightieth Congress ask ummimous consent that the gentle Wisconsin. . and later by another committee which man be permitted to proceed fdr 10 addi Mr. KEEFE. Then I .cannot see any found nothing to substantiate the charges tional minutes. thing to ·criticize or find fault with in · that h;we been made from day to day The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the statement · of either gentle1nan. I on the part of my for1ner colleague, Mr. the request of the gentle1nan fro1n Mas am glad to know that at least one action Busbey. I presume you want to 1nake sachusetts? of the Eightieth Congress seems to be it clear that even now the charges that Mr. KEEFE. Mr. Speaker, reserving approved. ·. _ were 1nade in such a reckless 1nanner the right to object, and I do not want to Mr. McCORMACK. Of . course, the by the gentle1nan from Illinois, Mr. Bus object, I want to ask a question and gentle1nan would not be able to see it. bey, in the Eightieth Congress there perhaps the distinguished gentleman The gentle1nan froin Wisconsin fails to is nothing to justify these charges and froin New York who is now addressing grasp the point that of the 108 na1nes there· is nothing to the charges that are us can answer, and that is as to whether which were investigated by a subco1nmit being made against the State Depart- · or not in these 108 na1nes the na1nes of tee of the Appropriatfons Co1n1nittee and ment today. I presume that is what the Alger Hiss or Julian Wadleigh appeared. later by a subco1n1nittee of the Co1n1nit gentleman is trying to bring out; is it Mr. KARSTEN. Let Ine answer the tee on Expenditures in the Executive not? gentle1nan that our com1nittee had no Departments, the greater part of 80 other Mr. KARSTEN. The point I a1n try names. names recently disclosed an9, supposed to ing to make is that there is nothing new -Mr. KEEFE. You had no na1nes? be soinething of recent origin, were in the 108 cases nor in the 57 cases I Mr. KARSTEN. · We had no names. a1nong those 108 names. So the gentle spoke of. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to man should wake up. Mr. McCORMACK. I see the gentle the request of the gentle1nan froin Mas Mr. KEEFE. May I say to the gentle man from New York here. I ask hiin if sachusetts? man that· I have no reputation of being he has any knowledge about the 108 There was no objection. so naive as to not appreciate what the cases. Mr. KARSTEN. All we had was purpose of this discussion is, but under Mr. ROONEY. Mr. Speaker, in affi.r1n simply factual cases by nu1nber. But, the rules of the House neither the ma atively answering the gentle1nan I can I would like to reco1nmend to the gentle jority leader nor my good friend froin say that in the summer of 1947 the House man froin Wisconsin that he study the Missouri would attempt to get into a dis Committee on Appropriations initiated dates, the occupations, and places be cussion that would violate those rules of an investigation of the ad1ninistrative cause I believe that is very important. the House. operatio:is of the Department of State Mr. ROONEY. Mr. Speaker, does the Mr. McCORMACK. I thank the gen:. and sent 1ne1nbers of its investigative gentleman wish me to continue?. tle1nan. staff to study various areas of the De Mr. KARSTEN. I yield to the gentle Mr. KEEFE. But Iain clearly able to partment. On the 8th of August 1947 mari froin New York. understand the gentleman fro1n Mas the Depart1nent announced to all ein Mr. ROONEY. Out of the 108 cases sachusetts, confined and limited as he is ployees that the investigative staff of the contained in the list I have referred to, by the rules of the House, and confined , House Committee on ·Appropriations, copies of which were given to the sub and limited as my friend from Missouri under its then chair1nan, the distin committee in January 1948, and at the is. guished gentleman fro1n New York [Mr. time another copy of which was given to Mr. McCORMACK. The gentleman TABER], consisting of Robert E. Lee, Assistant Secretary ·of State Peurifoy, · gets the point? Harris Huston, James Nugent, and Wil someone extracted 81 of the 81 cases · Mt. KEEFE. ·I thoroughly understand fred Sigerson, were making a study of· contained i:h the CONGRESSIONAL . RECORD the gentleinan's point· arid ·may I say to · - the Department, and that they would be · of February 20, 1950. · In other words, · my friends, both of whom I have great interviewing member.s of the De~a1t .. every case mentioned in the other body on 6112 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 1 .. that date is contained in the list of 108. a Commerce Department employee in Mr. KEEFE. I attempted to ask the. We find that of the 1947, 1948, and 1950, volved in a highly publicized congres question as to whether or not the gentle• 108 names 68 are not employed in the sional loyalty investigation and later man knows from the research that he State Department. There were 40 of the cleared by the Loyalty Review Board. has given to this matter whether or not 108 to whom security clearance-was given As a further example cases Nos. 21 to the names of Alger Hiss or Julian Wad and who are still employed. Of the 68, 26 on the February · 20, 1950, list of 81 leigh were included in this list of 108 17 had never been employed at any.time were lumped together on the floor of the names to which he has referred. in the Department of State, 37 resigned other body as typical of many of the Mr. KARSTEN. No names were given. either by. request or voluntarily, 7 were employees in the New York offi.ce of OIE, They were known by case numbers and laid off on reduction in force, 6 completed but -insuffi.cient information was given to no names were mentioned. their assignment and their services were permit precise identification in the com Mr. KEEFE. Then the gentleman terminated, and 1 died. The security files parable 108 list. In the subpena list to cannot tell us whether or not the name of the 40 cases still employed have been which I ref erred, the names are given. of Dr. Philip Jessup was in this list of reviewed by the Division of Security of None of these names are on the 108 list. 108 names? the State Department, and I understand Will they be· found in certain appen Mr. KARSTEN. I cannot ·say because, that in each case security clearance has dices prepared by the House investiga as I told the gentleman, no names were been given for the individual's employ tors to case No. 78 of the 108 list? mentioned. They were investigators, ment. At one time all these individuals There may be at the bottom of this reports known. only by case numbers. were favorably processed under t~e pro whole situation an employee of the House Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, will visions of the President's Loyalty Order. named Robert E. Lee, who is now on the the gentleman yield? In those cases where the FBI found it pay roll of the minority in the House Mr. KARSTEN. I yield. . necessary to conduct full field investiga Appropriations Committee. I suggest Mr. McCORMACK. We have tfo tions under the loyalty program, favor that some further information might be · master list of names, but it is very ap..! able determinations have been made by obtained from Mr. Lee as to exactly parent from the printed hearings of the the Department's Loyalty Security Board. what went on in bringing to life as brand Committee on Appropriations, because Cases on which no unfavorable infor new a list of 81 cases from a list of 108 they say there were 108 in the hearings, mation was uncovered do not go through prepared by him 3 years ago. Let us and there seems to be an inference that the loyalty program. Clearance is given get any Communists out pronto-but let there was a list of names. by the Department alone. I am assured ·us see if there is any politics being Mr. KEEFE. I think there is a mas· that au these favorable determinations, played. ter list and I think ultimately it ought except one, have been post-audited by the Mr. KARSTEN. I thank the gentle to be exposed. Loyalty Review Board of the Civil Serv man from New York. Mr. McCORMACK. Yes; and that is ice Commission. In four other cases, Mr. SABATH. Mr. Speaker, will the wh~t we hope. where the FBI had previously informed gentleman yield? Mr. SABATH,. It should be. the Department that its files contained Mr. KARSTEN. I yield to the gentle Mr. McCORMACK. I would like to in no disloyal data with regard to the in man from Illinois. quire if anyone on the Committee on dividuals concerned, full field investiga Mr. SABATH. What is the difference Appropriations knows that there was a tions have since been conducted or in · between the 108 and the 81? I cannot itiated by the FBI. , At the -present time, quite understand it. Is it that 81 now master list of names. - one of these cases is pending adjudication are being charged and picked out of the Mr. ROONEY. I must say there was by a regional loyalty board of the Civil 108, and new charges being made, not a key list containing the names and the Service Commission, and a second case withstanding that they are the same gentleman from New York [Mr. TABER] is pending adjudication by the Depart people that were included in the 108 that had a copy of it. I am sure the gentle ment's Loyalty Security Board. In a were investigated by the different House man from New York can disclose to the third case, I am told the investigative re committees in the Republic"n Eightieth gentleman from Wisconsin whether or ports were received very recently for Congress? not the names to which he refers were reference to the Department's Loyalty Mr. ROONEY. That is my under contained in that list prepared by Mr. Board for adjudication. In the fourth standing. Lee, who worked for the majority party case, the department was recently ad Mr. SABATH. That is the way I take of the Eightieth Congress. vised by the Civil Service Commission it, that it really is a sham and a pub Mr. KARSTEN. Could the gentleman that the FBI has initiated the investi licity stunt and nothing else. say how many copies of that list there gation of this individual under the pro Mr. KEEFE. Mr. Speaker, a point of were? - visions of the President's loyalty pro order. The gentleman is referring to a .Mr. ROONEY. The gentleman fro~ gram. In all four of these cases the De proceeding in the other body as a sham New York, the then chairman of the full partment had available the results of its and a disgrace. House Go.mmittee ·on Appropriations, own investigations at the time when se Mr. SABATH. I did not know that should best be able to answer that curity clearance was given for the con the 81 came from the other body. question. tinued employment of these individuals. Mr. KEEFE. The gentleman just re Mr. KARSTEN. I am happy to yield It should also be noted that as I have in ferred to the proceeding. No one can to the gentleman from New York. dicated, these four individuals were also draw any other conclusion than that. Mr. TABER. These lists were in the previously processed in a favorable man Mr. SABATH. I want to know where files of the committee and were turned ner under the President's loyalty pro that comes from, where the 81 have been over when we left. I do not know just gram. taken from, by whom and where. I do exactly how many master lists there were As to the 81 persons referred to in a not know whether it was in the other or to what members of the subcommittee subpena list given to a subcommittee body or not. But I will eliminate the they were given. I have seen such a of the other body, compared with the list word "sham" and say it was perhaps list. I do . not have such a list at the of 108, they are identical except in a cer done for political reasons. moment. tain few instances. For example, case Mr. KEEFE. Mr. Speaker, will the Mr. KARSTEN. The gentleman could No; 15 was left blank on the floor of the gentleman yield? not say how many copies were made at other body. There was a skip in the Mr. KARSTEN. I yield. the time the list was given to the com presentation from case No. 14 to case Mr. KEEFE. I do not care to pro mittee? long this discussion at all. It is just Mr. TABER. I could not say. It is No. 16. In the subpena list, "15'' is a that I want to see the rules 'of the House customary when those reports are made new name later inserted. followed. The gentleman from Missouri out that each member of the subcom As to ,case No. 19, it was presented on 1n the discussion has scrupulously tried mittee have a copy of the report, and the floor of the other body in such a way to do just that. · that would include both the majority and that it contained no information which Mr. KARSTEN. I thank the gentle the minority. would permit identification. In the sub man for his statement. I have always .. Mr. KARSTEN. I thank the gentle pena list case No. 19 is a new name later made it a policy to obey the rules. of man. It is my hope that the informa inserted by somebody and believed to be the House. tion I have presented .will be looked into 1950 CON_GRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6113 and the facts obtained and further helpless-that was the Washington statement of the gentleman from · Mis disclosed. Post which then and ever since has souri [Mr. KARSTEN]. SPECIAL ORDER rushed to the defense of those charged Mr. McCORMACK. I certainly would The SPEAKER pro . tempore rge the truth. Maybe some confessions of Julian Wadleigh; for ex Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. I re of the members of this committee do not member being in this House when Mr. want the truth to be told. ample, the conviction of Judy Coplon in I believe this $75,000 that will undoubtedly the Justice Department; for example, Dies tried to uncover the Communists and their activities. He was most shame be appropriated today will be just a waste of many others that are now coming to the money as valueless as putting that money attention of the American people. The fully abused and vilified by the Washing down a drain, as valueless as dropping a attempt to make it appear that the fail ton Post, by those who opposed the at bucket into an empty well. We have spent- ure of the subcommittee for lack of in tempt which he was making to expose I asked this question but got no aqequate formation to go into those subjects here and drive out the Communists who were answer-we have spent well-nigh a million discussed this thing and to find that they in the administration. I remember how dollars through the Dies committee and this certain gentlemen-I see one sitting be current committee. What have we got from have gone ·over this whole situation as a that? result of the hearings which they had fore me now, the gentleman from Illi 2 or 3 or 4 years ago, it seems to me does nois [Mr. SABATHJ, who opposed the crea • tion of that committee. This committee has resulted in danger-- not at all reach the issue that is now be ously splitting and splintering our people fore the Amerjcan people. Mr. SABATH. Mr. Speaker, will the into hostile groups. In addition to the fact Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr, gentleman yield? that no one bill has been passed, the activi Speaker, of course, it does not reach the Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. I yield. ties of this committee have created festering present issue. The facts to which the Mr. SABATH. No; I was responsible sores of prejudice and intolerance m· many gentleman from Wisconsin has just re for passing the resolution. parts of this country, and for that reason I f erred were in existence-they were hid Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. All hope this resolution will be voted down. den-they eXisted at the time the con right; I will apologize and withdraw that Instead of judicial ·fairness and decorum and say now the gentleman from Illinois, prevailing in the committee hearings we have gressional subcommittee made its in noted browbeating of witnesses, badgering of vestig_ations. They were covered up by if he says so, supported the creation of witnesses, and unjustifiable tirades against the administration. All that the state the committee. Did you not oppose the witnesses. ment of the gentleman from Missouri appropriation of any money for the com proves is that the committee did not un mittee? I will leave that for the RECORD If some of the committee members had cover Communists who were in Federal to answer. ~heir way they woµld put plugs_into the ears jobs and the further fact that the ad Mr. SABATH. When I learned that of the Nation, gags in mouths, and blinders ministration, concealing the facts by they did not investigate the Nazis as was on eyes, because they want the Nation to see, closing its files, was successful in cover .contemplated, then I said that they bear, and speak only what they desire. ing up for Communists. should start to investigate those whom • Subsequent events showed that the .the resolution was aimed at, namely- Anyone 'Yho disagrees with the gentleman . Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. The from Mississippi [Mr. RANKIN] is a Com ·communists were there, as the gentle munist or un-American. The red herring is man from Wisconsin has said. Alger Fascists? constantly drawn across the trail. .Hiss was there, and Judy was there, and Mr. SABATH. The Nazis as well as the other people who have been named the Communists. Thomas L. Stokes, able and skillful colum were there; but our committee of the _ Mr. HOFFMAN. of Michigan. Yes, nist of the Scripps-Howard papers, questions: Eightieth Congress, in the opinion of the yes! "Can it be healthy for our democracy to great self-satisfied Mr. Truman, the Mr. SABATH. Which the Dies com have the gentleman from Mississippi using a worst Congress until the coming of his mittee did not do. committee, with the whole Nation for its sphere of operations, to exploit his own fears Eighty-first Congress that the country Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. All and prejudices?" ever had, just failed to dig them up. right; I cannot yield further; and go a Mr. MARCANTONIO. • • ' • We must jud:;:e They were buried so deed by the Execu little slower on the Communists. it. by its trend, and we must judge it .by its tive order that we could not get at them. Mr. SABATH. No. actions. The record will show that the trend Now, why were they not dug up and Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan .. I will of this committ ee .has at all times been to at exposed before? accept the gentleman's statement and tack pro-Democratic organizations in the That is a little ancient history, but let ·country and anti-Fascist organizations in add that the resolution creating the com this country. The record will also show that us have some of it. Yes, at the risk of mittee was adopted on the 26th day of the test of what is subversive and what is having the mud slingers and the smear May 1938 by a vote.of 191to41 and.with- not subversive has been the political artists, including even the great and .out a roll call. . standards of the gentleman from Mississippi p'.Jwerful Washington Post, which usu'." - However, if recollection serves me cor [Mr. RANKIN]. No one can deny that. His ally rushes to the defense not only of rectly, when, in the Seventy-ninth Con viewpoint has been a. most aggressive one and those charged with left-wing activities gress, the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. _it has been impressed thoroughly ori the but of those . who subsequently are SABATHJ offered a resolution that the committee. shown to be· Cbmmunists, smearing rules of the Seventy-eighth Congress be Perhaps some of thos_e Wh<:i are now those of us who would like to see the adopted and the gentleman from Missis- condemning others who are trying to un- 1950 CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD-HOUSE 6115 cover Communists may later discover inside pocket, you have it.there." What Mr. CHRISTOPHER. Is it not a fact that they, too, have been mistaken. would I say? I would say, "My friend,'' that at least George Washington and I remember how the ·administration if he was my friend, "you are mistaken. William Howard Taft and Theodore attempted to cover up. If you want me Here is the pocket. See if you can find Roosevelt-- to go further, I can tell you how a mem it." That would settle that issue. And . Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Oh, I ber of the family of the then President settle it for keeps. know what the gentleman is talking came to a House committee hearing in When we say to the administration about. vestigating Communists with a group of or when individuals say to the admin Mr. CHRISTOPHER. Refused-- known Communists. There is no dis istration: "You have had Communists Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. I will pute about that. there over the years,'' the administration not yield any further because I know · There is n.o getting away from the . has said, "No. The charge is nothing what the g~ntleman is asking. facts which have· been here for the last but a political red herring." "Not a -Mr. CHRISTOPHER. ·O. K. Answer 10 years that the preceding and the pres word of truth in it." "You are the Krem me. ent administration have hampered and lin's best asset." But when a court Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Yes, it hindered the Congress every time it comes along and convicts a man because is a fact that George Washington was wanted information on Communist con he lied when he said he was not a Com the first President that refused to give victs who were paroled and in· other munist, when that woman is convicted, the Congress information. Now, why? cases where a cover-up seemed expe there is no longer room for argument. Because under the Constitution the Pres dient. And Secretary of State Acheson-has ident is charged with conducting foreign I even introduced a bill which if passed . he yet apologized to the American people affairs and the information which Wash would have required executive depart for saying, after Hiss' conviction, that ington refused to give was the kind of m·ents to· give the Congress information he would not turn his back on Hiss? information which he obtained and and it called for a penalty to be imposed As an individual, that was his right. As needed to exercise the power vested in upon any Congressman who disclosed a Secretary of State, did he not, when him by the Constitution. He was abso that information. The information giv he made that· statement, weaken our lutely right in making that decision. en was to be regarded as secret and con position before the world? Mr. CHRISTOPHER. How about fidential. No; Congressmen· and Sena · The important question now is: Are Theodore Roosevelt and William How tors are not to be given information, are there still Communists in the State De ard Taft and on down? Let us hav.e not to be trusted, but dozens, perhaps partment? With the .third world war threaten some history. The gentlema~ knows it. hundreds, of Federal employees are to Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. My time have access to these :files. ing us, does not our national security demand that others than those who will not permit. But the issue is all set Mr. KARSTEN. And was it not the forth and discussed, in two pamphlets, Eightieth Cong~ess that wo-uld not act were, to be most charitable, so lacking in knowledge and foresight .as to permit · one which our committee. made as a re on the gentleman's resolution? , port and one which the Senate commit Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. . True the Communists to take over so much of China, be from ·here on out in charge . tee made as a report, and if the gentle- enough·, the Eightieth Congress did not. man cares to be enlightened on the sub Why?. There are altogether too many of our national defense, our operation against the Communists?· ject-because of my lack of ability I Members of Congress who have ·not, I would not venture to try the job-but the · will try to be charitable; the inclination If the administration desired the truth, would it not go before the Senate · gentleman may read those two reports, or the courage to go ahead and .assert one of which I · wrote and which I will and e~ercise the power that the Con committee and say, "Here are our files. . We will trust your loyalty, we will trust print as an extension of my remarks and gress rightfully has when it comes in I am sure he will get at least my views. con:flict with those in the executive de your discretion just as we trust the loy partments who can distribute favors or ·alty and the discretion of·our employees. This is the point. We have no busi flattery-many of us have been too trust Now, !Ook at the files and see whether ness asking the President for informa ing, too amiable, too disinclined to :fight, . there are friends of Russia-enemies of . tion on matters where, under the Consti too fearful of the smear articles and our Republic-in the executive· depart- tution, he has exclusive authority to act, mud-slinger. ments." . . but where we create a department and I recall when the Civil Service Com- An administration which wanted the provide for the support of that depart- . missioners came before our subcommit Communists taken from public power, . ment, as the Supreme Court said in the tee, and the gentleman from Missouri wanted the Communists . taken from Dougherty case, it is within the province was, I think though I am not sure, a. positions where they can influence the of Congress to ask, and to require, and member of that subcommittee, and ad policy of this country, would say: "Sure. to obtain information to enable us to mitted that they had no knowledge of We do not believe any are there, but we carry out the duty. imposed upon us by 750,00'0 cards that were compiled in part are going along with you. If they are the very first sentence in the Constitu by a firm of New York attorneys and in there we are going to find them and we tion which is that the legislative power part by civil-service employees, cards ·are going to root them out and we are ·is vested in the Congress. which reflected upon many Members of going to discharge ·them." Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, will the the Senate, many Members of the Con That is what an honest. patriotic, gentleman yield? gress; and when we asked for the cards truth•seeking administration would do. Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. I yield they said: "We did not know they were When heretofore it has been so mis to the gentleman from Ohio. there." The cards were there· all right. taken and abusive about those who now , Mr. HUBER. Does the gentleman feel · The Commissioners admitted it was un seek to learn the truth, it should be more that J. Edgar Hoover is wrong when he lawful to have them. "We should not charitable. It would not cover up, it recommends that the Congress be not . have them, we will destroy them, but we .would not make charges. When the 'loy given access to these files? will not let you see them." So in sub alty of its employees was questioned, it Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. I think stance they testified. · would not say the motive was all a politi4 J. Edgar Hoover is right thus far, and Think of it, the employees of the Civil cal one. · no farther, that the Congress should not Service Commission had them, but, no, . The motives of those who charge that ask and should not have laid before it when the Congress wanted information there are disloyal or unfit persons in the the sources of the information obtained which the taxpayers' dollars ·had been ·executive departments is not the issue by the FBI. The FBI accepts rumors.· misused to gather, the executive depart before the people. What the people want they accept the statements of stool pi ment said, "No." And it stuck in spite to know is this: Are the charges true? geons, and if Hoover gave us the names of my efforts. All I got was the Com Is there foundation for those· charges? of the people who gave him that infor mission's promise to- destroy the cards If there is, what does the administration mation, I think the opportunity for his . which reflected on the Members of Con propose to do about it? services and the services of his agents gress. Mr. CHRISTOPHER. Mr. 8pea}ter, would be destroyed. He would be pre If a gentleman on that side said to me: will tlie gentleman yield? vented from doing a good job, but as to ···HoFFMAN, you stole my pen and you , .Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. I yield the information in those files I can see have it in that little pocket, this little 'to the ~entleman frorr ~Missouri. · no reason why we should not have it. XCVI--386 61l6 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 1 Mr. HUBER. The gentleman is a law man be permitted to proceed for three that have wormed their way into office, yer, and I am not. Would that not be additional minutes. these associates of pinks, of left wingers, hearsay? That would not be evidence The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there of gangsters; .these associates of ques if you did not have the source, would it? objection to the request of the gentle tionable characters. My friend, the sup Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. If you man from Massachusetts? ply of capable, loyal Democrats is un did not have the names? . There was no objection. limited. Why not use them? Oh, well, Mr. HUBER. No, the source. Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, will every man to his taste. Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. No, I the gentleman yield? Mr. McCORMACK. If the gentleman do not think it would be hearsay if you Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. I yield were President he would frankly say, "No had the original statement. If an affi to the gentleman from Massachusetts. Democrats need apply.'' . davit was produced that would be Mr. McCORMACK. I know the gen Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. I will proof of what was in the affidavit but tleman's view on the legislation he has say very frankly that I believe in what it would not be proof of the truth of referred to, and I thoroughly respect his they so slightingly refer to as-well, I the statements therein unless it was views. The gentleman knows that I dis will not say-the spoils system. I will shown the aftiant had actual knowledge. agree with him, and I think he respects say that the laborer is worthy of his But even hearsay while not admissible my reasons for it. Will the gentleman hire. Democrats? Yes, on nonpartisan in court may give a lead to direct and admit that there is a fundamental ques boards and commissions and as judges in positive evidence. For instance, a man tion involved there that has existed in our courts. · says that another man is a Communist. one form or another, but basically the Mr. McCORMACK. The gentleman I do not think you can prove that by a same, from the time of the first Presi and· I are not very far apart on the card or certificate, but you may prove dent, George Washington? question. . it for all practical purposes by what he Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. There Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. The says and does. I would say to the gen is a fundamental question; there is no thing that amazes me, astounds me, and tleman from Ohio I can illustrate it doubt about that. distresses me, is the fact that with these this way. You say I am a Congressman. Mr. McCORMACK. People may hon hundreds of thousands, as I said a mo That is hearsay. You do not know. estly disagree about that. ment ago, of good, loyal, sound, sensible You see me here. You notice me getting Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Cer Democrats, you have to get so many nuts my pay downstairs; maybe you have seen tainly. in the Departments. my certificate of election. But, it is Mr. McCORMACK. Let me ask my Mr. CHRISTOPHER. Mr. Speaker, hearsay, strictly speaking. Why? . Un friend one more question. Forget you will the gentleman yield? less some law makes the certificate of are a Congressman, but assume you were Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Yes; if the Secretary of State evidence, it would President of the United States; what the gentleman will :Promise me he will be hearsay. You see the signature on would. you do? Would you release it? read those two reports I referred to. my certificate of election. You do not Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Well, I Mr. CHRISTOPHER. I will do it. even know that he who signs it is Sec would make this distinction. If I had Cari the gentleman furnish me the· re retary of State. Do· you not see how the authority-and that is such a vio ports? _absurd we can -get in asking for direct. lent assumption I find difficulty in enter Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. As the positive testimony or proof? For all taining it-I would release the facts. I request is that of a typical New Dealer, practical purposes, I am a Congressman, would not ask J. Edgar Hoover to dis I will make an effort to get them for you. ·but for actual positive proof, such as close the source of his information, but That is, you know, New Deal philosophy some defenders of the Communists are I would say this to my good friend from "from those that have to those that have ·asking you have to go to the books, learn Massachusetts [Mr. MCCORMACK] : "Lis not" or '.'if you can get someone to do it first how one becomes a Congressman. ten, now, these charge have been made.-" for you don·t· do it yourself." Perhaps you would not be required to I would just lay aside my vacationing, go back of the· certificate of the Secretary my contemplated nonpolitical trip The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of State, but, if the law did not raise a throughout the country ori the taxpay of the gentleman from Michigan has presumption that the signature of one ers' dollar. I would just take time off and expired. claiming to be Secretary of State, under stick my nose right into those files and Mr. CHRISTOPHER. Mr. Speaker, I 'the seal of the State, was sufficient it learn whether or ·not in my administra ask unanimous consent that the gentle would be necessary that the Speaker take tion there were Communists, enemies -of man be permitted to proceed for one ad the certificate, look· up the Secretary of my country. · If I found any out they ditional minute. State, get the doctor who was present at would go. · . The SPEAKER pro tempore. Does the the Secretary's birth, then individuals I would go one step further, and I ' gentleman from :M:fohigan desire any who had known him from that time on would say, "Listen, now, you fellows who further time? until he was elected and qualified as Sec are not decent and respectable," these Mr. HOFFMAN of -Michigan. If fail retary of State, and, even then, some per unmentionables, I would say, "Listen, get ure to ask him is going to keep the gen fectionist might require proof that the to· heck out of here." tlema~ awake nights .. Secretary signed his name to the certifi Mr. McCORMACK. The gentleman . . The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there cate showing the individual's election ·as realizes that as a Congressman he might .objection to the request of the gentleman -Congressman. .do things from one angle ·and as Presi:.. from Missouri? Yes, and to listen to some of these com dent from another· angle. · · There was no objection. mentators, I might be required to · prove Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. I did . Mr. CHRISTOPHER. Does the gen that I was the individual to whom the not assume to be President.. There is no tleman believe that J. Edgar Hoover and certificate was issued. difference between the principles which the FBI, if they had enough evidence on All the law requires, even when one is ·should guide a President or a Congress · a man to convict him of being a Commu charged with high treason, is that the man. The gentleman just asked me. nist, would suppress that evidence and charge be proven by evidence which con l\41'. McCORMACK. Yes, I said "as not turn it over to the Department of vinces beyond a reasonable--not a capri suming.'' And if he were a Republican Justice; and have that man prosecuted? cious-doubt. President, the gentleman would repre Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. The So it may be said that, if one subscribes sent his party with strength and vigor. rule is that the FBI does not formulate to the Communist doctrine, talks and Mr. HOFFMAN uf Michigan. May I any opinion at all. Nor does it institute writes and acts like a Communist, he interrupt? Yes; when I thought it right. prosecutions. It just gathers the facts may, for practical purposes, be regarded Not otherwise. I would put good Repub and turns them over to -the Department as a Communist. licans in office. I would not go outside of Justice. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The and pick up these unmentionables. I Mr. McCORMACK. No. time of the gentleman from Michigan would not pick up this riff-raff. You Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Am I has expired. ·have hundreds of thousands of good wrong? . I will yield to the gentleman Mr. McCORMACK . .Mr. Speaker, I Democrats who ought to be in public from Massachusetts to tell the gentle ask unanimous consent that the gentle- office, instead of these odds and ends· man the answer if he has a better one. · 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-' HOUSE "6117. Mr. McCORMACK. I think that ·in mation which may be deemed necessary to mation but refused to permit an agent of the case of investigations under the loy enable them to properly perform the dutie1 the Congress to ascertain whether such cards alty order that is true, but where the evi delegated to them by the Congress. had actually been destroyed. Later and after After full consideration of the joint reso further consideration the Commission dence discloses a crime, I think then lution and the amendments proposed changed its position and wrote the commit they would take it up through the De thereto, the committee approyed and ordered tee it would permit members of the com partment of Justice through the regular reported to the House of Representatives mittee to inspect the files. channels. the resolution, as amended, and the chair It should be noted that in this case the · Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. That is man of said committee was directed to trans members of the CSC each testified that such the way I understand it, the FBI does not mit a copy of the report to the Speaker of information had been collected or was be prosecute; it gives the information to the the House of Representatives. ing preserved in the CSC files. The sub PURPOSE OF THE RESOLUTION committee in this instance thought that, in Department of Justice, but it is up to asmuch as the CSC did not know the infor the Department whether they prosecute. Partial background • mation had been collected, it might not know In connection with the Dock Street in To enable it to legislate effectively and in whether it had been destroyed. vestigation down here in Philadelphia, the interests of the public welfare, the Con A subcommittee of the Committee on Edu we called before the committee two of gress, through its committees, has sought cation and Labor of the House of Repre the experts from the Department of information from the executive branch of sentatives, charged with making an inquiry Justice, and in the case of Christo:fiel, the Government, its departments, officers, and into the manner in which the Taft-Hartley employees. law was being administered, whether the who was later convicted of perjury, we Speaking generally, the right to such in Taft-Hartley Act was aiding and correcting called up two from the Department and formation has not been challenged either by the conditions which it was enacted to iril. those people were then prosecuted and the executive branch of the Government or prove, caused subpenas to be served upon convicted, but it took committee action by the courts. In fact, the various depart John R. Steelman, directing him to appear to do it. · ments of the Government, when favoring leg before the subcommittee on two separate One of the reports which the gentle islation proposed by the administration in occasions. man from Missouri [Mr. CHRISTOPHER] power, have been quick to assert the right to Mr. Steelman failed to appear on either requested reads as follows: have their representatives appear and testify occasion, though personally served; returned before congressional committees. the subpenas to the chairman of the sub Mr. HOFFMAN, from the Committee on Ex· Occasionally, opposing some action thought committee with a letter stating, among other penditures in the Executive Departments, to be contemplated by the Congress, the things, that "in each instance the President submitted the following report: President or his subordinates have challenged directed me, in view of my duties as his as The Committee on Expenditures in the the right of Congress to certain specific in sistant, not to appear before your subcom Executive Departments, to whom was referred formation either on the ground that the ac mittee." the joint resolution (H. J. Res. 342) directing tivity challenged was one exclusively within Last October, the Civil Service Commission an executive departments and agencies of the the authority of the Executive or that the advised a subcommittee of this committee Federal Government- to make available to information sought was confidential, and that it had been directed by the President any and all standing, special, or select com that to reveal it might result in giving it not to submit a so-called key loyalty list mittees of the House of Representatives and publicity which would injuriously affect the which had been requested by the subcom the Senate, information which :inay be deemed public welfare. mittee. necessary to enable them to properly perform Action on the part of the E'xecutive or the March 13, last, the President issued a di the duties delegated to them by the Con head of some department, challenging the rective to all officers and employees in the gress, having considered the same, report right of the Congress to specified informa ·executive branch of the Government, which favorably thereon with amendments and rec tion has never been confined to the repre 1s as follows: sentative or representatives of either political ommend that the joint resolution, . as "The efficient and· just administration of amended, do pass. party. It has been a policy followed by the the employee loyalty program, under Execu The amendments are as follows: Executive who at the moment was in power. Nor ls the proposed legislation aimed at tive Order No. 9835 of March 21, 1947, requires Page l, line 4, after the word "Govern that reports, records, and files relative to the ment", strike out the comma and add the the acts of the present E'xecutive and his sub Qrdinates, for he and they are but following program be preserved in strict confidence. words "created by the Congress,". This is necessary in the interest of our na Page 3, line l, strike out figure "2" ·and in a greater or a lesser degree a position taken by the Executive of all parties. It is aimed tional security' and welfare, to preserve the insert figure "3"; line 3, strike out figure confidential character and sources of infor "3" and insert figure "4." at a practice or policy. The issue is one between the executive and mation furnished, and to protect Government Insert new section 2, as follows: personnel against the dissemination of un "SEC. 2. When, by virtue of section 1, any the legislative branches of the Government, regardless of political affillations. founded or disproved allegations. It is neces committee of the Congress shall have re sary also in order to insure the fair and just ceived information, books, records, or memo The practice of the Executive in denying disposition of loyalty cases. - randa from any of the departments, agen to congressional committees information sought by those committees has gradually "For these reasons, and in accordance with cies, Secretaries, or individuals tn pursuance the long-established policy that reports ren of a request made under the authority of widened in scope. Today, committees of both the Senate and the House of Representatives .dered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation said section, it shall forthwith, by majority and other investigative agencies of the ex vote of the membership of said committee, find their efforts to ascertain how money ap propriated by Congress is being spent, how ecutive branch are to be regarded as confi determine what, 1f any, part of such in dential, all reports, records, and files relative formation shall be made public and what the laws are being interpreted and adminis tered, whether certain legislation is effective to the loyalty of employees or prospective part shall be deemed to be confidential, and employees (including reports of such inves it shall thereafter be unlawful for any mem or ineffective, are being hindered or delayed . by the refusal of various officials and depart tigative agencies) shall be maintained fn ber of said committee or any employee there confidence and shall not be transmitted or of or any other invidual obtaining knowledge ments of the executive branch to make avail able information sought by congressional disclosed except as required in the efficient of such information because of the dis conduct of business. committees. closure of such information to said com "Any subpena or1 demand or request for mittee, to divulge or to make known in any Recently· a subcommittee of the Commit tee on Expenditures in ·the Executive Depart information, reports, or files of the nature manner whatever not provided by law to any described, :received from sources other than person any part of the information so dis- · ments, charged with ascertaining the pro priety of paroles granted to four members of those persons in the executive branch of the closed to said committee and which has by Government who are entitled thereto by rea said committee been declared to be confi the underworld, co.nvicted of. a conspiracy to extort a million dollars from the motion son of their official duties, shall be respect denti ~l; ansf. any ~ffense against the forego fully declined, on the basis of this directive, ing provision shall be a misdemeanor and picture industry, was by the Department of Justice denied information deemed relevant and the subpena or demand or other request shall be punished by a fine not exceeding shall be referred to the Office of the Presi $1,000 or by imprisonment not exceeding 1 and ·material to its inquiry and collected by the Federal ·Bureau of Investigation, even dent for such response as the President may year, or both, at the discretion of the court; determine to be in the public interest in and, if the offender be an empioyee of the though the subcommittee expressly stated that the source of the information was not the particular case. There shall be no re United ·States, he shall be dismissed from laxation of the provisions of this directive requested. < office or discharged from employment." except with my express authority. March 17, 1948, the Committee on Expend To another subcommittee o! the same com mittee, the Civil Service Commission ad "This directive shall be published in the itures in the Executive Departments had Federal Register. before it for consideration House Joint Reso mitted that certain derogatory information "HARRY S. TRUMAN. lution 342, directing all executive depart reflecting upon Senators and Congressmen ments and agencies of the Federal Govern bad been collected and was retained without "THE WHITE HOUSE, March 13, 1948." ment to make available to any and all stand authority and without the knowledge of the To a congressional committee, the Com ing, special, or select committees of the House members of the Commission. The CSC prom mittee on Un-American Ac.tivities, the Sec of Representatives and the Senate, infor- ised to destroy the cards carrying such infor- retary of Commerce has recently refused to 'CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE . MAY 1 give certain information requested by that mlttee by majority vote, forthwith upon re tend tr.: remarks he made on H. R. 4942 committee. ceiving the·informatfon, to declare how much and to include a table. The issue of it shall be deemed to be confidential, how Mr. KEATING asked and was given The issue raised by this resolution ls clear much shall be made available to the public. permission to extend his remarks and and basic. No claim ls made that the Con Nor is that all. The resolution also pro gress has the right to challenge the actions vides that if any member of the committee, include an editorial. of the executive or of the judiciary while act or any individual who derives his informa- Mr. HEBERT asked and was given ing within the scope of the authority given . tion through that given to the committee, permission to extend his remarks and by the Constitution. Those departments of makes that information public, he shall, include a statement by Mr. H. G. Ritch the Government are created by the Consti upon conviction, incur a penalty of a fine ie, of New Orleans. tution, and congressional power over them is not exceeding· $1,000 or imprisonment not Mr. MURRAY of Tennessee·asked and limited to removal from office through con exceeding 1 year, or both, at the discretion of the court. was given permission to revise and ex stitutional procedure. tend the remarks he ma.de on the bill It is the claim of the proponents of this The precedent for this section will be resolution that, inasmuch as the Congress · found in subdivision {f) of section 55 of H. R. 7185 and include certain letters is charged with the authority to create-and title 26 of the United States Code, Anno therein referred to. it has created-various executive depart tated, which has to do with information Mr. RABAUT asked. and was given ments and agencies, and as it is charged with furnished by the Bureau of Internal Reve permission to extend his remarks and the duty of appropriating funds and enact nue to certain Senate and House committees. . include an article by John L. Thurston, ing legislation for the proper and effective The committee was unanimously of the assistant administrator of the program "activities of those agencies, it not only has opinion that, if legislation of this type was · the right but the duty to seek and obtain to . be enacted, the proposed resolution, as of the Federal Security Agency on the from every agency created by it and which, amended, was the fairest type of a bill that subject of investments in human re for its existence, depends upon appropria could be enacted into law. Upon roll call, sources, which is estimated by the. Pub tions by Ccmgress, all relevant, needed in 17 Members voted to report out the resolu lic Printer to cost $225. .50. formation necessary to the enactment of tion as amended. Four, Mr. BoGGS, Mr. LAN Mr. MOLTER asked and was given proper legislation. HAM, Mr. HARDY, and Mr. WILSON, who voted permission to extend his remarks in four The issue then is: Shall the Congress in in the affirmative, reserved the right to offer separate instances and in each include sist that departments created by it, depend- amendments or to oppose the legislation upon . dent upon its will for existence, give to its the floor if, upon further consideration, they extraneous matter. cO'mmittees the information necessary to en deemed that course advisable. Six voted Mr. DONOHUE asked and was given able it to act intelligently and wisely, or against reporting the legislation. Two permission to extend his remarks and shall it permit its creatures to arbitrarily de members were not · recorded. · include extraneous matter. termine what information the Congress shall If the Members of Congress desire to go Mr. FURCOLO asked and was given or shall not have? further into the previous history of the can permission to extend his remarks and The remedy flict between the legislative and the execu include an address by Father Connor. tive branches of the Government on this Inasmuch as both Senate and House com- issue, valuable information will be · found . Mr. VAN ZANDT to . By Mr. BYRNE of New York: amend section 3552 of the Revised Stat Under clause 3 of rule XXII, public H. R. 8314. A bill for the relief of R. w .. bills and resolutions were introduced and · Harris; to the Committee on the Judiciary. utes relating to the covering into the severally ref~rred as follows: By Mr. a°RANAHAN: Treasury of all moneys arising from By.Mr. WHITE of California: H. R. 8315. A bill for the relief of Joseph F. charges and deductions, with an amend H. R. 8303. A bill to authorize the Secre Gallagher; to the Committee on the Judi ment, in which it requested the concur tary of the Interior to undertake the North ciary. rence of the Senate. Fork Kings River development, California, By Mr. O'KONSKI: The message also announced that the as an integral part of the Central Valley H. R. 8316. A bill for the relief of Nichol House had passed the following bills, in project, and for other purposes; to the Com asde Lorence Pigulewski; to the Committee which it ·requested the concurrence of mittee on Public Lands . . on the Judiciary. the Senate: By Mr. DOUGHTON (by request) : By Mr. W:iLLIAMS: H. R. 4942. An act to regulate the collec H. R. 8304. A bill to amend certain admin H. R. 8317. A bill for the relief of William tion and disbursement of moneys realized istrative provisions of the Tariff Act of 1930 McGraw; to the Committee on the Judiciary. from leases made by the Seneca Nation of and related laws, and for other purposes; tO Indians of New York, and for other purposes; the Committee on Ways and Means. H. R. 4969. An act to direct the Secretary By Mr. FERNANDEZ: PETITIONS, ETC. of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Army H. R. 8305. A bill to authorize the con Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions to transfer and convey certain lands and struction, operation, and maintenance of the and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk thereby facilitate administration and give Vermejo reclamation project, New Mexico; to and referred as follows: proper cognizance to the highest use of the Committee on Public Lands. United States lands; 2098. By the SPEAKER: Petition of Ludwig By Mr. HA VENNER: H. R. 5103. An act to provide for clerical D. Schreiber, city clerk, Chicago, Ill., request assistance at post offices, branches, or sta H. R. 8306. A bill to abolish the position of ing· that additional television stations be tions serving military and naval personnel, mail handler in the postal service;· to the licensed for the city of Chicago; to the Com and for other purposes; Committee on Post Office and Civil Service. mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. H. R. 5628. An act to direct the Secretary H. R. 8307. A bill to rescind the order of 2099. Also, petition of M. H. Westerman, of the Army to convey certain land to the the Postmaster General curtailing certain secretary, city of Houston, Tex., requesting State of Rhode Island; postal services; to the Committee on Post passage of House bill 7258; to the. Committee H. R. 5913. An act to authorize the ex Office and Civil Service.. on Ways and ;Means. change of certain lands of the United State•