.
*'<
THE
FIKST AND SECOND BOOKS
XENOPHON'S ANABASIS.
THE FIRST INTERLINED,
THE SECOND WITH THE GREEK IN THE NATURAL ORDER OF IDEAS, AND THE LITERAL ENGLISH OPPOSITE,
ALSO THE
OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS OF DEMOSTHENES.
BY DR. J. ROBERTON, CLASSICAL TZAOHXB.
4, TO WHICH IS ADDKD KEY TO ip-v PROFESSOR BOISE'S GREEK EXERCISES ' * .. BY ALEXANDER PANTOLEON PEOFESSOE OF LANGUAGES.
jfoTC tije 83se of Schools atrt ^tfbatc V.
PHILADELPHIA: .LIPPINCOTT, GRAM BO & CO., SUCCESSORS TO GRIGG, ELLIOT & CO.
1850.
'
I Entered according to Act of Congress, September, 1S50, by J. ROBERTON, M. D., In the Office of the Clerk of the District Court, of the United States, for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.
rrBRBOTTI-ED BT PRISTED BY 8. DOUGLAS V/YETH, AoT., C. SHERMAN & CO. No. 7 Pmr Btmt. Philadelphia. ASCENT OF CYRUS.
BOOK I.
CHAPTER I.
1. riyvovTai dvo aatdeg daQeiov xat Therea.ro two of Darius and ' boys ' Parysatis . f . ^ *r jl 8s TtQSGpvrsQog per [ft v~\ ^Qra^SQ^rfg, vsayisgog the elder indeed [was] Artaxerxes, but the younger,
KvQog. ds fTtsl dctQSiog rfiOsvei, xat vTMomevj Cyrus. And when Darius was weak, and suspected
TOO naids iikt\mt]V TOV fiiov, eftovtero d^qorfQta an end of his life, he wished the two boys both
TiaQEivai. 2. '0 TtQsafivrsQog fiv ovv tzvy%avs to be present. The elder indeed then happened
itaQwv 8s [.israTts^nerai KVQOV arto tq$ but he sends for from the being present ; Cyrus
r dvrw 8e ctQ%i]S t g trtoiqae carQaftijv, government of which he made him satrap, and
xi ajtsFts avrov GrQintiyov navrwv oaoi also declared him general of all who are assem-
KaGTial-ov. '0 ovv sis nsSiov KvQog l.aficav TiGGa~ bled in the plain of Castolus. Cyrus then taking Tissa-
TQiaxoGtovg orthrag rwv 'EMqvcov de AF.VIKV three hundred heavy-armed men of the Greeks, and Xenias (>vovra avroav. a Parrhasian commander of them. 3. // iuteidt] 4a()iovg ere/.evrrjGe, xca ^Qra^Q^i And when Darius died, and Artaxerxes was placed ii\v paGiluav, TwcacpSQvqg diafictllei rov KVQOV agog rov into the kingdom, Tissaphernes traduces Cyrus to the dd&cpov, K>$ i-mfiovlsvoi dvrcp. Al o re brother, that he may plot against him. And he both is per- xat Gv^a^avst KVQOV cog suaded, and seizes Cyrus as being about to kill him; ds r\ (iifrijQ, Qawiaapevr] dvrov, but the mother, having begged him off, sends him away noikiv rv - 4. z/e EM Ttjv KQX t o, Y.OLI dTipaadsig, fiovhevsrcti on having been endangered and dishonored, deliberates how he CTt GTCU (J.t]7tOT km TOp dde7.(fK) dM.Cty shall never be any more in the power of the brother, but, t\v wtjraii Gt.VGti vn txsivov. if he be able, shall reign instead of him. IIa.QVGa.Ti4 ftV 3q fj ptfMlQ vnr^ff. t(p Parysatis indeed, the mother, aided Cyrus, loving rov vrov [ia..ov, rj him more, than the reigning Artaxerxes. 5. de oarig rav noQa fiamfacog acpixvfiro TtQog dvrov And whosoever of those near the King came to him OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS; 9 OVTCO diandeig navrctg, watf eivat, [ia.7.).ov he sent them away so influencing all so as to be rather /4s xai eavrcp i\ {taadei. kftSf friends to him than to the King. And also he took care reap [email protected](ov nan savtcp aig Eiqaav HE of the barbarians with himself, that they might be both ixavoi 7to).Epeiv, xat e%oiv tv-rotxwe sufficient to war, and might have tfiemselves amicably towards him, [or be well disposed towards him.] 6. z/e r cog t QQOisv -tqv EM.Tjvixtjv dvvafiiv jw And he assembled the Greek force as he especially 7tixovrtTO[iEvog ortati; on Xo^ot fiaadea was able, concealing himself how that he might take the King '525e ovv s most unprepared. Thus then he made the levy of troops cpvlMxag ki% ev raig rtoheGi, naQfriyysite toig as many guards as he had in the cities, he ordered the cpQOvoao%oi exctGTotz garrison-commanders every one to take Peloponnesian g, on 7t).iarovs xat faktiGTOvg, rig men, as many as possible and as good as possible, as if from xat at TiGGacpSQvovg STtipovlevortog rcug noleGi. FKQ also the Tissaphernes plotting against the cities. For nolsig TJGKV TO ctQ%aiov [davsiov] Ionian cities were the old interest of Tissaphernes, 10 JJv > > ex de tors dedopevai ^acdeoog ; nacai been the and then all having given by King ; seceded KVQOV, rt7.rjV to Cyrus, except Miletus. 2. a.m. t 7. At, o TiGGaysQvyg jtQoaiGdoftevog [rovg~\ ev And Tissaphernes perceiving before those in Miletus fiovlsvopsvovg tot. avra tavra [rt^eyftara], anootrpai deliberating these same tilings, to secede to dnsxteive ds KVQOV, rov$ [isv, e%e@a}.ev rovg. Al 6 KVQO$ Cyrus, killed some indeed, and expelled some. And Cyrus vnoav zovg cpEvyovrctg taken having up those fleeing, and having collected GrQarsv^a, IrtohoQxei Md.qrov xcu xara yr\v xcti xara dal.arra, an army, besieged Miletus both by land and by sea, v.a.1 sjtsiQaro xataye.iv rovg sxrtETtrcoxotag. 'Avtr\ ovv and tried to lead back the banished. This then tov a ip> avtcp ar} rtQOfpaGig was to him another pretext for assembling an army. 8. As. 7tfjM(av rtQO$ fiaGilsa cof adeXqjog dvtov And sending to the King, being the brother of him, ol i]^iov ravtag rag nohsig Sodqvai (icM.ov rj he asked these very cities to be given to him rather than avtwv, xai T Tissaphernes, to rule over them, and the mother assisted ovx rev tavra avrq>, a$ uGevg [tv rj these things to him, so that the King indeed did not per- ds dvtov nok kmfiovlitjs TiQog eavtov, kvopify ceive the plot against himself, but thought him warring OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. coats danavav a^cpt ia GTQaTEVpara ; ivith to about the armies so that Tissaphernes, spend ; avtcov xca \xaia~] ovdev qftdsro [sxj nokf.\novvx(av ; fag in nothing he was troubled from them warring : for also tovg daGpovg yiyvonevovg ?x tcov rtokecov Cyrus sent the taxes produced from those cities cov iGGa(fSQvrjg ervyxocvEV e%cov. to the King, which Tissaphernes happened having. 9. As. a?.Xo GZQatsvfjia Gweleysro dvrca tv Xso And another army was collected for him in Chersonesus, rovds tov Tfl [yr[\ xaTavTiTtSQag^fivSov tQOJtov. the land opposite Abydus in this manner. Clearchus rv '0 t siaxsdatnoviog, cpvyag. KvQog was a Lacedemonion, a fugitive. Cyrus having been with rs tjvaGdij avrov, xv.i didcaGiv dvra> this man, both admired him, and gives to him ten thousand /Js 6 haficov ro XQVGIOV, Darics. And he having taken the gold, collected an x ano rovtmv rcov %Qrmazcov xat OQ[tc>J[isvo$ army with this money, and moving out of roig 0Qal-i roig OMOVGI v Chersonesus, warred against the Thracians living over the Y.O.I cocrre xat cu 'E1.7.r{G7tovrov, oacpslsi tovg 'E^ijvos ? 'Ek- and assisted the so that also the Hel- Hellespont, Greeks ; rtol.sig sxovcai GvvefialkovTO avrc<> tig iqv lespontic cities willingly contributed to him for the support ra>v GtQoaioorcov. A\ av rovro ro GrQarsvpa ovrw rQscpofievov of the soldiers. And again this army thus reared 12 Av dvrco &a6m>v. 10.z/ ^QumrtJtog 6 for him escaped notice. And Aristippus, the Thessalian, oixot happened being a guest with him, and being pressed at home vno rmv avTioraaicorow, SQ^STW TtQog rov KVQOV, xt by the opposing factionists, he comes to Cyrus, and airei avrov lig dtG%ihov$ %evov$t xcu [UGOov Tc>icot> asks him for two thousand hired troops, aud pay of three ft 2. . m. PJVWV, to? OVT03 TtSQiyfrofiEi'os av rcov avriaraGimrcar months, as thus becoming superior to the opposing factionists. As, KVQO.; dt-dmaiv dvrq) tig And Cyrus gives to him to the number of four thousand, e deirat xot piaOov pEvcov ; xt ctvrov, of six months and of not before and pay ; requires him, xara),vGcu noog Tovg avciGraGicotag JIQIV av Gvpfiov-' to make peace with the opposing factionists before he may . .. ).EVGtft(U dl'TCi). Af. OVTK) O.V TO GTQO.TV^(t TQ(fO[J,erOV consult him. And so again the army nourished for dvro) tv Gsrzaha him in Thessaly escaped notice. 1 1 Je Xytf(J IlQO^et'Ov tov Boimnov OJTCC %vw a And he ordered Proxenus, the Boeotian, being a guest to him, lapovTa an. nteiGTOvg avSQOg TtattayereGdai, tag having taken as many men as posssible to attend, as Og GTQOVEVEGdai tJtl wishing to make war upon the Pisidians, as if from the rq %uQrt avrov. Pisidians giving trouble to the region of himself. OR, THE ASCENT OP CYRUS. 13 Js sxslevGs Zoqaiverov rov 2rvpcpahov xai 2 CHAPTER II. 1. ds east i]di] sdoxsi avrco noQSVEGOcu avoo, And when now it seemed proper to him to go up, fuv srtoiEiro rr\v TfQOCpaGiv, ca? $OV).OHEVO$ exfiatew IJeiGidag he indeed made the pretext as wishing to expel the Pisidians TtotvzartotGivlx TTjg%coQa$i xcu adQOi&i evravda tag from the and he assembles there as altogether country ; ' sat Tovrovg TE to fiaofiaQixov xai to E).7.rjvixov against them both the barbarian and the Grecian army : y.cu rtaoayj'EU.si rs rca KteaQ%o) kapovri OGOV and orders both Clearchus having taken what army rp> avT(p jXSiv: xcu rq> there was to him, to come : and }i desires Aristippus, having Xaj'frrt ngog rovg oixoi a.nont\itya.i TtQog savrov o been reconciled to those at home, to send to himself what cr/s; v.ia nagy/yeie evta rco Qxudi g he had the army ; and he ordered Zenias, Arcadian, who avrtp rov %snxov \v raig noteGi, qxsiv commanded for him the foreign army in the cities, to come, 2 14 ** lafiovrct. rovg avdgag, nh]v vrtoGot qaav ixctvot having taken the men, except as many as were sufficient cpvlarreiv rag axQoitolsig. to guard the citadels. !.. , La. 2. z/ sxalsGs xcu rovg noliOQXOvvrag Milrjrovj xat ex sieves And he called also those besieging Miletus, and he ordered rovg yvyadag GrQarsvsGdai GVV avrqt, vffoa%onsvog dvtoig, the fugitives to move in war with him, promising to them, 1- * ' el xarartQagsizv xalcag ra TtQaypara sqi" d SGTQO.- if he should accomplish well the affairs upon which he im. 1. a. m. 2. a. rsvsro, py TtQoadsv navGaadai TIQIV xarayayoi was warring, not before to cease before he should have dvrovg oixads. As, ol rfawg srtsidovzo: yaQ led them home. And they were agreeably persuaded : for srtiGrsvov dvrcp, xat lafiovrsg ra office, nafnjGav et? they trusted him, and having taken their arms, attended at Sardis. Ix row 3.//J? Seviag fjisv lo^wr rovg aolecov, Even Xenias indeed having taken those from the cities, oahzag eig rerQaxiG%ihovg, nctQeyevsro eig heavy-armed men, to four thousand, came to Sardis. E%GJI> (tv rttvraxoatovg And Proxenus was present, having indeed five hundred xat %ihovg onlactg, 8s mvraxoGiovg and a thousand heavy-armed men, and five hundred As. 2ocpeuvErog 6 light-armed men. And Sophoenetus, the Stymphalion, came, OR, THE ASCENT OP CYRUS. 15 " * *9- brthrag. As 2 E^COV // IlaGicov 6 MsyaQSvg TtaQsyevsto, s^ow nsv And Pasion, the Megarean, came, having indeed heavy- eig tQiaxoGiovg de TQiaxoGiovg armed men to three hundred, and three hundred peltasts. As. x ovrog r\v x And also he was and Socrates was of those warring about Miletus. j> cpixovto vzcp e These indeed came to him in Sardeis : and Tissaphernes tavza xcu sivat xaravoqaag ijaafisvog fisiova t] having perceived these and thinking them to be greater than ti\v TtaQCiGxsvqv eo? 1m FleidiSag, noQf.vs.rai cog the preparation as against the Pisidians, goes to the edvvaro ?j Ta^icTa, e%o)v tag king in what way he was able most quickly, having about TtsvraxoGiovg Innmg. five hundred horsemen. srtsi 5.K(u drj per 6 fiaGd.svg ^xowcre, nctQOc. TIGGK- And now indeed when the King heard of, from Tissa- ysnvovg rov Gtolov KVQOV phernes the expedition of Cyrus, he prepared to oppose. As, KvQog g^avy ovg f.lnov {aQpazo dao And Cyrus having those whom I mentioned, moved from % 16 A v xat )MVVSI dta zr , ff t g Sardis, and proceeds through Lydia three stations twenty xat dvo 7taf>aaayyag siti zov MaiardQov nora^ov. To and two parasangs, towards the Meander river. The zovzov dvo Se svQog [/;y] nl^OQa, ysqivQct lay, breadth of this was two plethra, and a bridge was over, s&vypevt] inra nkoioig. 6. dm^>ag zovrov having been joined with seven vessels. Having passed over %EJ.avvei Sia Evravda t-fieivev tnra ffiSQag : xat Msvov 6 Qszzalog There he remained seven days : and Menon, the Thessalian, xat ntvrct- comes, having a thousand^ heavy-armed men, and five xoGLOvg 7td.Ta.cras 4o),onas xat Aiviuvas xat hundred shielded men, Dolophians, and ^Enianians, and Olythians. "l.EvTtvdEv e^avvei IQSIS ataOpovg eixoatv Thence he proceedes three stations twenty parasangs tig K&cuvag oixov^ErrjV nohv rrjg tpQvyiag peyahjv xat evdai- to Celaense, an inhabited city of Phrygia, large and prosper- Evravda qv faGi).eta KVQ a ixeivog ano \jtnov onors n\rjQrt g ayQiwv tfTjouov sdqQfvev full of wild beasts, which he hunted on horseback, whenever re eavrov xat |3ovytofTo yvnvaaai rovg tnnovg he wished to exercise both himself and the horses. OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. ^7 At, dia fjisGov zov nctQadeiGov 6 norapog And through the middle of the park the river og pa, de ai nr^ai avrov eiGiv iv. rav Meander but the of it are from the flows, springs palaces ; de xai dia rr QSI t g notewg and also it flows through the city Celense. 8. Je KGTI xcu sv Kfl.awaig iov^va. And there is also in Celaense a fortified palace of the great tni mr rov vno zaig t yong Ttorapov MOQGVOV rrj king near the source of the river Marsyas under the tec, de ovrog v.ai QSI dice, tr^g no).eo)g, xat citadel this river also flows the ; and through city, and 8e sig tov MaiuvdQOv ; to evgog rov MaoGvov falls into the Meander and the breadth ofthe ; Marsyas [sGTI to VQog~\ ixoGi xcu TttvTs rtodcov. EvTavOct. Anol.- is the breadth of twenty and five feet. There Apollo J.G3V leyerai exdsiQoii MaQGvar, vixrjGag [a.vrov\ is said to have flayed Marsyas, having conquered [him] o ftSQt, GOffiag ; xat contending uritfi him about skill in tmisic ; and to have TO defect KV rep dvrQCp odzv at the skin in the whence the suspended cave, source ; and dia rovro 6 nora^iog xakeirai MaoGvag. through this the river is called Marsyas. 9. Evravda ^Q^g, ore, r{iTrt d&g rrj There Xerxes, when, defeated in battle, he was returning re rot, ex rtjs 'EXXadog, leyercu otxodofi^Gai fictGifaia, xat out of Greece, is said to have built both the palace, and 2* 18 Mv rip axQoizohv Kdcavcov. EvravOa. Kvqog eueivev TQiaxovra the citadel of Celaeuae. There Cyrus remained thirty r^Qctg: xai Kfaao%og 'o ^axtdcaftoptos qpvj'a?, qxe days : and Clearchus the Lacedaemonian exile, came, xat having a thousand and eight hundred Thracians, targeteers, xat diaxQGtovg KQIJTOS, ro^vtag. As, /ta and two hundred Cretans, bowmen. And at the same time xai TtaQTjv, o Socias also came, the Syracusan, having a thousand xat cHfeuvsroj o oxctg^ e%(av heavy-armed men, and Sophenetus, the Arcadian, having vg 'orthras. Evravda KvQog enoiijaev, ev a thousand heavy-armed men. There Cyrus made, in t ttQldflOV t(OV the park, a review and a numbering of the Greeks, ot x/- xat av^rtavreg tyevotvo fiev /ttv^tot, and all together were indeed ten thousand, and a thousand orthrai 8e asfaaGrai apgii iwg heavy-armed men, and targeteers about two thousand. IQEvrsvdev egs^avvei 8vo GtaQpovs, dexa Thence he proceeds two stations, ten parasangs, into Tlktv.g oixovftevrji' rtohr. EvravOa. l^isirsv TQftg Peltaj, an inhabited city. There he remained three sv ; (tig Sevictg o j4qxag sdi'Ge ra in which the the days ; . Xenias, Arcadian, performed AVXO.IO. xat tdqxs aywm', ds rot ad).a Lyccean rites, and instituted a contest; and the prizes were OE, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 19 Se xa TOV XQVGCII GT^eyyideg ; KvQog edsojgei ay&va. and also viewed the contest. golden curry-combs ; Cyrus Evruvdsv QeJ.avvei dvo Grad^iovg dadsxa naQagay/ag EI$ Thence he proceeds two stations, twelve parasangs, to ayoQav KeQctpwv, oixovfuevrjV nohv, eG^ar^v ngog rrj the market of potters, an inhabited city, the last towards the MvGia <(> Mysian region. 1 1 . Evrmdev Qslavvst TQeiz Gradpovg, TQiaxovra naqa- Thence he proceeds three stations, thirty para- Gayya? sig nediov KUVGIQW, oixovfisvrjV nohv. Evravda sangs, into the plain of Cayster, an inhabited city. There rtevTE xt riktov i>aw ifjistvev fyeQag ; pGdog r\ TQIWV nrt five and more than of three he remained days ; pay months xat ajqpft/tsTO folg GTQartKrtais ; [(Tgie^j tovreg noMaxtg tru to the soldiers and often to was owing ; \ihey\ going rag &vQag ctnrpovv. ds o \ey xat avrov [avtovg] tjv dq7,og anm^svog ; 70^ [xara ] distressed for as to off, and was evident being ; him ov tov e^ovra fit] aaodidovou, rjv rtQog having not to pay, . it was not according to the manner KVQOV. of Cyrus. 12. Evravda, Enva^a, q yvvr} 2vwvGiog TOV fiaGi- There, Epyaxa, the wife of Syennesis, the King Ki).w(ov, acpixvsirai naga KVQOV: xat avrtj of the Cilicians, comes to Cyrus : and she O 5owt KvQca Ttolla %QTj[j.ara. Ovv KVQO$ Therefore was said to give to Cyrus much money. Cyrus 9 20 Jlv TOTS ansdcaxe ds r ry crqann [iiGdov rsTTaQotv firjvmv. t then gave to the army pay of four months. And the xai avrr xai fi%s cpvlaxas TtfQi tv, Kthxctg Cillcian queen had also as guards about her, Cilicians and ds KvQog xai eieyero GvyysvEGdai rrj and also said to with Aspendians ; Cyrus was have been the Cilician queen. 1 3. Evravdsv f^e).awi dvo GrctOpovi; dexa na^a.Gat^ya.q sig Thence he proceeds two stations, ten parasangs, to 0l>[l@QtOV OIXOVIASVTJV Jtohv. EvTavda.) TKtQOt. TtjV Thymbrium, an inhabited city. There, near the road, rj XQrjvrj Midov zov was a fountain, called the fountain of Midas, the > scp' rj Midas King of the Phrygians : near which Midas is said tov to have taken the satyr, having mixed it [the OIVGJ. fountain] with wine. 14. EvTSvdtv %E).avvi dvo Gradpov^ dexa noQacayyag tig Thence he proceeds two stations, ten parasangs, to TvQiaiov, oixovnevrjV nohv ; tvravda ffisti'sv TQEIG an inhabited there three Tyriaeum, city ; he remained . KdiGGa Kat r/ fayszai days. And the Cilician queen is said to have asked KVQOV eTttdei^ai TO GTQarzvua avty, fiovloftevog ow of Cyrus to show the army to her; wishing therefore OR, THE ASCENT OP CYRUS. 21 noiEircu %eraGiv v rep 7tdiq>, tow to he makes a review in- show [it], the plain, of the Greeks and of the barbarians. 15. z/s Ixetevce rov$ 'EMqvag, rv o^ xcu avroig tie ^'/. i tfn-'/Q^vaa. Grtjvcu, ds to them for battle so to be arranged and to stand, and fxaGrov cvna^ai rovg drdqwrtovg SKVZOV. Ovv each to arrange his own men. Therefore f.ni zeraQow Se Msvwv fiev they were arranged in four of depth, and Menon indeed St%s TO SeJtov xat ol cw avtoi, Sc K).aQ%og ro had the right and those with him, but Clearchus the evmn'pov, xat ol rxeivov; ds ol aV.oi Grqarriyoi to left those him the other and of ; and generals the fjlSGOV. middle. 16. '0 Kvqog TtQwzov per fdecoQEi rovg fiaofictQOvg Se Cyrus first indeed reviewed the barbarians, and ol nct.Qr}.a.wov tf.rayiif.voi xard i).a$, xcu xara ra&ig, they marched by, drawn up in troops, and in ranks, 8e eira, rovg 'EMrjvag, TtaQslavvow ecp' oQparog, xai and then, the Greeks, driving by upon a chariot, and KtkiGGct rj 17. Js erti aaQt]}.a,G 7tavrag,GTijGag TO And when he drove by all, having stopped the chariot ago Trig q>aktt.yyog, "before the phalanx, having sent Pigres the interpreter, to Tovg GTQaTrjyovg TCOV 'EHqvcov, sxsksvae [avrovg] the generals of the Greeks, he ordered [them] TO. nM, xai to throw forward their arms, and to advance the whole 01 z/e TtQoeiTtov TUVTO. [(*^jwara] Toig phalanx. And they told these [ivords] to the xctt east soldiers : and when the trumpet sounded, throwing ^.Ofjisvoi T ortha enrisGctv. /Is ex TOVTOV forward their arms, they advanced. But after this &aTTOv GVV KQavy^ dQOpog proceeding quicker with a shout, a race was made g ctno TOV avrofiaTov em Tag by the soldiers of their own accord to the tents. 18. ^e \riv\ qjofiog noMoig TOOV But there was fear to many of the xcti xcu TS aM.oig, r\ barbarians and to others, and both the Cilician ecpvyev fx T^? aoiiapagt xat queen fled out of the women's chariot, and ot TO. ex Tqg ayoQag ecpvyov xaTdhrtovreg and ; from the market left their saleables those fled, having ; 8e 01 'EM-yveg GVV ye^oxrt tjWov SM Tag Gxqvag. but the Greeks with laughter came to their tents. OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 23 /4e KiliGGa idovaa Y.O.I rf tr\v \annQOTrfta. zrjv But the Cilician queen seeing the splendour and the ra%iv TOW GrgaTsvparog edavpaQ. /ts, Kvgog array of the army, wondered. And Cyrus was idcav ex tov cpofiov TWV 'EJ.J.TJVES pleased, having seen the fear from the Greeks struck eig rovg into the barbarians. 19. Evrevdev f^avvsi tQSig GTadpovg From thence he proceeds three stations, twenty rtaQaGctyyag sig Ixonov sa^arrjv ttohv rrjg Evravda, eftEive rgeig fysQae. EvrevOsv There he remained three days. Thence he pro- 810, rqg Avxaoviag nsvrs Gradfiovg ceeds through Lycaonia, five stations, thirty roig 'EU.ijffiv parasangs. He permitted the Greeks to plunder ravrqv ir\v ytoqav tag ovaav this place, as being hostile. 20. Evrevdsv 6 KvQog anons^Ttei rtjv Kihacav Thence Cyrus sends away the Cilician queen sig Kihxtav tt]v ra%iGTqv 68ov; xai into Cilicia, the quickest road ; and sent with avry GrQancorag, avg Msvtav ei%s, xcu Mevwra her soldiers, whom Menon had, and Menon avrov TOV Qsrra^ov. As KvQog psra rcav himself the Thessalian. But Cyrus with the others, 24 Sia Kortnadoxiag rsrraQag proceeds through Cappadocia four stations, etxoGi xai Jtsrt naqaaayyag TtQog Auvav twenty and five parasangs, to Dana, an inhabited xai svdaiftova. Evravda, sfisivsv city, large and prosperous. There he remained g' ev o> JKvQog artwtuvzv in to death a Persian three days ; which Cyrus put ST8QOV, nva ovvaGrqv toov v7taQ%oav, cunaGa- another, a certain potentate of the lieutenants, having fisvog eTtiovvstv avrcp. accused them of plotting against him. 21. Evrsvdsv eaeiQcovto sGfiaMeiv sig tip> Thence they tried to enter into Cilicia, but tjv ap.a%irog 6So$ iG^VQcog OQdia, xcu the entrance was a wagon road, very steep, and GTQCtTSV[j.aTi eiGsWsiv, ei rig impossible for an army to enter, if any one hindered. /4e slsysTO xcu 2vtvvf.Giv sivai nti row And it was said also that Syennesis was upon the axQcov, qiv^arrovra TTJV siG^oJ.tjv, dl o heights, guarding the entrance, on account of which v rq> Ttsdiop. As. rq he remained a day in the plain. But on the next day mi. rp.f.v teymv, 2vsweGig sit] faloirtcag a messenger came saying, that Syennesis had left OR, THE ASCENT OP CYRUS. 25 ta axQot, ertsi riaOero re TO the heights; when he perceived both the army Mzvmvog, on iq qdrj ev Kihxia-, eiaco -tmv of Menon, that it was already in Cilicia, within the OQcav, xai 6ri qxove Ta^ioov s^ovra tag mountains, and that he heard of Tamos having the xai KVQOV avtov triremes of the Lacedaemonians, and of Cyrus himself auto leaving etg sailing round from Ionia into Cilicia. 22. //g ovv KVQOS avE^rj tm ret OQTJ, And Cyrus then went up upon the mountains, ovdsvog xcoAvojTo?, xat iihs tag extras, ov 01 no one hindering, and took the tents, where the Kihxeg ffpv^arrov. As, svrsvdsv xarefiaivsv ag Cilicians guarded. And thence he descended into nsdiov, xakov xai eaiQQvrov, xcu a large plain, beautiful and well watered, and full dsvdgcov xai a.\t.n^k(f>v. ds xai of all kinds of trees and of vines : and also it bears xai xat xcu nokv Grfiapov [it\iVTf\v xeyxQiov nvqovg much sesame, and pannic, and millet, and wheats, xcu XQidag. /Is. OQOg O%VQOV xcu and barleys. But a mountain strong and high, ex &a\aTtrig eig ^alarrav neQis^si avro. every way from sea to sea, surrounds it. 32. As, xarafiag dice. rovrov rov And coming down through this plain, 3 26 ^v TjXaGs rGGaQag GzaOpovg, nsvrs xai he proceeded four stations, five and twenty rr g ig Taocovg jtohv t g Kihxiag parasangs to Tarsus, a city of Cilicia, large xai evdaifiova. Evravda qGctv ra ftaGi).na and prosperous. There were the palaces of Syennesis, rov paGi).6jg Kdixwv; 8e dia rtjg the of Cilicians the middle of king the ; and through g QSI 7toraftog t KvSvog wopa, the city flows a river, Cydnus as to name, the breadth of two plethra. 24. Ot evoixowrsg ravrtjv rqv nohv Those inhabiting this city deserted it, 2vtvvGig Big O%VQOV ^COQIOV tm ra OQTJ' with Syennesis, into a strong place upon the mountains, rt.tjv ot f%ovrfg ra xanria', s xat o oixovvreg except those having retail shops; but also those living rr\v -0-a).aGGav ev 2o).otg xai ev near the sea, in Soli and in Issus, remained. 25. //e Enva^a rj yvvi) 2vsvvGiog aquxsro ig And Epyaxa, the wife of Syennesis, came to TaQGovg rtsvre r^Qag TtQOTEQd KVQOV 8s. sv ry Tarsus five days before Cyrus : but in the ' rmv OQECOV rcov, ig ro TtfSiov, dvo A passage over the mountains, into the plain, two bands tov arQarVfiarog Mevcovog an(a\ovro' ol /* of the army ofMenon perished, some indeed OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 27 ecpacav ufMtaonas ti xaiaxonrjvai vao said that seizing something, tfiey were cut down by Twv Kihxwv ds ol, V7to).i voi>s eveiv to a/Jo crrparev^a ovds rag odovg being able to find the other army nor the roads, ira rtl.avojfievovg artoleaOat ds ovroi qcav Ixarov then and these were wandering perished ; a hundred heavy-armed men. 26. At ol afoot, 7(tdr} ^xov, But the others, when they came, plundered TS rrv 7to7.n> dice, tov t rovg TaQffovg OQfi^onzvoi both the city Tarsus, enraged on account of olfdQOV TG)V GVGTQaZlG>Ta)V, Xl TO, the destruction of the fellow-soldiers, and the palaces tat. ev avrrj. Js KvQog, snei in it. And Cyrus, when he drove into the city, 2vf.VVf.ClV SUVTOV I de 6 l*T7tcH7tTO TfQOg eWeiv eig %iQct ovden n< neither before did he come into hands to any one at all iaVTOV, OVTE r d"}.8 TOT IWOU, Y.Q(TTOVl t KVQOJ, better than himself, nor did he will then to go to Cyrus, 7tlG Tj VVV1] O.VTOV, X/ f.ali before the wife persuaded him, and lie received pledges. 27. As, fiKxu ravza 7ti owvywovro And after these, when they were with each other, 1 28 Jlv [lev edooxe KVQQ no'D.tt Syennesis indeed gave to Cyrus much money for rrv de exeivcv a { Grqanav, KvQog [g&oxe] dcaoa, to the army, and Cyrus [gave] him gifts, which yojHt^era* rtjwta rtaQa fiaGilei, Initov %QVGO- are thought honorable with a king, a horse golden- Xl 1QVGOW GTQSTttOV Xt bitted, and a golden chain and bracelets, and xcu xat %Qvaovv axivaxijv, neQGixrjv azotyv, [(f^] Persian a golden scimetar, and a dress, and [said] Ttjv XWQKV fij/xert OQrta&Gdai' ds that the place should no more be plundered; and za ijQTtttGf^va avdQOftodct, TJV that he should recover the stolen slaves, if itov any where they may find them. CHAPTER III. 1. svravda xat eixomv KvQog tyieive ij GZQU.TIK Cyrus remained there and the army twenty ' eQK$' y ol 10V TOJtOV TtQOGCO, y(tQ T]drj VTtKfftTfVOV ISVCU any place further, for they now suspected him to go em fiaad.ea, 8e em rovrrp eqxtGar owx against the king, but for this they said they Je TtQarrog KteaQ%og e^ta^ero rove were not hired. And first Clearchus was forcing the OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 29 uvrov it i- 01 at; ds rs sfia)J.ov soldiers of himself to go; but they both threw at ai'Tot, nut ru vTZO^vyiu ru exsivov, EJZSI him, and the beasts of burden of him, when he began to proceed. 2. exx.ij>5iav To>v GZQariwrav uvrov xcu together an assembly of the soldiers of himself : and TtQanov per sar&tg edaxQvs rto\vv first indeed having stood, he wept 3. j4vd(t GrQaruarcu, (it; &~ccvfta^eis, ori Men* atid soldiers, do not wonder that I bear ni>a~fnu.6iv. Iuo difficulty with the present affairs. For Cyrus $ro$ f.^ioi, xt erifir^E jue, gsv/opru tx was a host to me, and he honored me, fleeing out of rs ra ?.la, xt my country, and in other things, and gave me * Z e., to whom he was bound by the ties of hospi- tality. 30 8oQftxov$' avg eyw Aa^oov, ovx ten thousand darics: which I having taken, did tdiov razsOfurjV eig TO ffj.oi, aD.' ovds not lay out on what vxis .proper to myself, but neither nadtjdvTiad^aa akla eda7tctvan> sig vpag, did I consume it in pleasure, but I spent ^t upon you. 4. Kai aa rtQcoTov [isv e7io)^[irt nqog rovg And first indeed I made war upon the XCM 0Qaxaj, vitEQ rijg EMadog, erificoQOV^tjv psd Thracians, and for Greece, I punished with vpoov, zka.wG)v avrovg ex rifs XQQ(>VT]GOV you, driving them out of the Chersonesus, those fiov).oitEvov$ ayatQeiaOai tovg EVirjvag evoixovrrag Ttp wishing to dispossess the Greeks inhabiting the i>. Af. STiftSs yrt KVQOS sxcde/, "kufav land. And when Cyrus invited me, having taken you, enoQsvofirjv, iva, et Ssoiro n coqiE^oir^ I went, that, if he might require any thing. I might avrov avff wv sv eaadov vri exeivov. assist him for what I was well treated by him. 5. df. 7tl V{jll OV But since you do not wish to accompany me. uvctyxt] dt] epoi rj TtgoSovra v[ia( a necessity is now to me, either for me betraying you rq qptiwe KVQOV, r\ tyevaapevov TtQ to use the friendship of Cyrus, or being false to sxsivov, ifvat pet? Vfiatv. El drj [*v him, to go with you. If even indeed I shall do dtxcua, owx oida, de at(njGOfj.ai ovv vfiag, just things, I know not, but I shall therefore prefer you, , OR, THE ASCENT OP CYRUS. 31 x ovrtOT Kai ovdeig QEI, eig rovg fiaQ^aQOvg rtQodovg rovg against the barbarians, and having betrayed the v TOJV TTJV cpihav fi Greeks, chose the friendship of the barbarians. 6. A\l.ct. east vfisig ovx ede^srs neidsadai, ovds But since you will not be persuaded, nor t\i>ouai xat tfioi, eym GVV vfuv, to follow me, I will follow with you, and will suffer on av dsrj. JTaQ i>0{u^co vpag swat Cjwot whatever may be needful. For I think you to be to me xat nctTQida xai q>d.ovg KOI cv^a^ovg, xcu both country and friends, and allies, and 1 think usv av EIVCU rifiiog GVV v(iiv onov that indeed I shall be respected with you, wherever OVH oipat av etvat 1 may be : but deprived of you, I do not think to be ixavog ovr av (oyskrjGai ydov, ovr *av a ' able either to assist a friend, or to ward off OVV an enemy. Thus then you have the opinion as of me tovrog oJty av xai whichever also going way you may go*, 7. EIJIEV ravra df ol arQaTicarai, rs He said these words; and the soldiers both 32 ol avrov EXSIVOV, xi oi allot, axovaavrsg those of himself and the others, having heard ravza ov on tpairj noQEVEadai these words, because he said he would not go against ds sitqvsaav itkeiovg rj ihe king, praised him: and more than two thousand rcat)(t. emov xai Ilaaioavog, lafiovrss ra orika. with Xenias and Pasian, having taken their arms v.a.i TO, GXEvotpOQct, sarQcaoTtedevaavto TtaQce, and baggage-cattle, encamped near Clearchus. 8. As, KVQOS rs artOQmv xcu Ivrtovpsvog And Cyrus being both anxious and grieved - rovrois, fj^rETtSfiTtero rov KlscaQ^ov^ 8 6 at these affairs, sent for Clearchus : but he (isv ovx tjQele isvcu, 8s JtepTtoav avzqi indeed did not wish to go, but sending to him privately rtav &aof>eiv ayy&.ov arQartortiav. eXs^? favroi'] t a messenger of the soldiers, he bade him to bu bold, rovrcov xarnGrqaofiEvcov sit,' ro dsov, as of these being about to turn out unto what is needed; 8s XE).EVEV avrov [isranefjiTtsGdai, 8s UVTO^ fcftj but he ordered him to send for him, but he said ot>x isvcu. he would not go. 9. As. -^JLETU. ravra cvvayayov rovg And after these affairs, having collected the savrov xat rovg aQoasWovrag avrm, soldiers of himself and those having come to him, OR, THE ASCENT OP CYRUS. 33 xat tov TWV a^cov fiovkopsvov e).e%e roiade. and any one of the others wishing, he spoke such dr OTQanarrcu, Srfaov [sari] psv t things. Men and soldiers, it is evident indeed then on ra. KVQOV %ei ovrmg jtQog q^ag, that the affairs of Cyrus are so with regard to us, rot, ottQCt ftQog Kxstvov, yag ovrs, qpeig en as ours with to regard him, for neither are we any longer GrQancorat exswov, enst ye ov Gwenofisda soldiers of him, since at least we do not follow him, ovrs sxtivog sn [uadodorqg fyiv. nor he any longer a paymaster to us. 10. 'On [levroi vofu&i adweiadai That however he thinks himself to be injured oida. cocrre xcu avrov vq? jjfjioav [israTrs^TtOfievov, by us, I know: so that even he sendingybr me, ovx edsl.G> eWeiv, aiG^vvo^isrog [lev [XT] TO I am unwilling to go, being ashamed indeed as to what HEVIGTOV, on Gvvolda enavrcp ftyEVGfisvog is greatest, that I am conscious to myself having deceived avrov navra, ds saeira xt dsdimg ^ him in all things, and then also having feared, lest 'ka^wv fie ETtidrj SMTJV TCQO K>V ropiest seizing me he inflict punishment for what he thinks ijdixrjGdai vn (iov. to have been injured by me. 11. Ow ov% doxei jot sivai toQa. Therefore it does not appear to me to be a time 34 ^r ovff aPJ.a Tjfuv xadevSsiv ap.sJ.siv J/JMCOV avrav, p^of- for us to sleep nor to neglect ourselves, but to ozi T noiEiv ex deliberate whatever it behoves to do after these affairs. Kai eiTf. fisvofiSK avtov, doxsi ftot And whether we remain here, it seems to me a tiling strai Gxsrtrsov to be considered how we shall remain most securely, ftzs dq 8oxei amsvai, onwg K> whether it even seems proper to depart, how we depart xat mtva; Qopsv zee, em.Ttj8et.ai most securely, and how we shall have the necessaries; yan arsv ravrav ovrs ovdev ocpekog CT^ctrriyov there is for without these neither any utility of a general OVZS idlOJTOV. nor of a private man. 12. As. 6 avijQ [ecm] cpdog fiv aio$ But this man is a friend indeed worthy ' noil.ov av y gi^.o?, ds f%Q(>o<; of much to whom he may be a friend, but an enemy av zls 'cp 77 7ro?./ xat also still a force of foot, and of horse, and of shipping, rp navres opoiKt^ re onoafitr xai which we all alike both see and know; yap xai ov8f 8oxovfjiv poi xaOeZecdat for also neither do we seem to me to encamp far from OE, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS; 35 avtow caffTfi (aqa "/uv ffti Ti$ him : so that it is time to speak whatever any one yiyvtaaxet sivai OQIGTOV. Emcpv ravra knows to be best. Having said these things, STiavGazo. he ceased. 13. z/s ex zovtov aviGzavzo, ol ftev ex And after this there arose, some indeed of e reocrxoi' e tow avzopazov, ants a -7; , their own accord about to speak what they knew, and of xcu eyxelevoTOi vn extivov Eftideixwvreg, oia some also ordered by him showing, what xat V.OLI amzva.1 *7 ij ajtOQia fifvsiv might be the difficulty even to remain and to depart " avev rqs yvGi^g KVQOV. without the will of Cyrus. 14. At dq Eig eiae nQoajtoiovftsvog But at length one said, assuming to make haste rtOQEvsGdcu tag ra'/^Gra sis trp 'EM-add, fisv to go very quickly into Greece, that they indeed alJ.ova GTQCtTrfiQvg cog should choose other generals as quickly as possible, 8s (JLJ] KteaQ%og fiovterai anavsiVt unless Clearchus is willing to lead us away, and ra de rv sv ertirrfisia, r\ ayoQO. t rq> to buy necessaries, and the market was in the ) xat GZQarv^azi t GVGxeva&Gdaf ds sWovrag, barbaric army, and to pack up : and having gone, 36 Jlv aireiv KVQOV Ttkoia cag catoitteoiKV de eav ask Cyrus for vessels that they might sail away; but if dldcO OtTfiW JIT} TCtVTK, KvQOV he do not give these, that they should ask Cyrus for oGTig anot^ei tag diet Tijg cpihag a leader, who shall lead them as if through a friendly fie sav (iqds didca fiy^ovct, Gwra.nf.aQcu country, but if he do not give a leader, that they should [xoera] ryv r-ct%iGTriv 8e xow themselves in the quickest manner: and also 10. axr>ct, send some about to pre-occupy the heights, so that 6 ol ji?7 qtdaawai, pyre K.VQOS, (MJTE they may not be beforehand, neither Cyrus, nor the Kihxeg xdra^a^ovres xat nol.\a, [men] and much wealth, having snatched them, Ovrog n*.v dij tuts, roiavta.' ds ftsra away. He indeed spoke such things: and after rovrov. saQ^og sine roaovrov. this man. Clearchus, spoke this much. era) 15. Mqdeig vpar ley ept rig fiev Let no one of you mention me as indeed 8ia a zovro ov nottfteor many things on account of which this is not to be done OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 37 uot 8s (ag Tteujouat ro) avSot, av av by me, but that I will obey the man, whom you 'g [lahara dvvazov: iva may choose, in what way it is especially possible : that on xcu emara^ou ye may see that I also know how to be commanded, tag xcu rig aHog ^ahara avOQcoTtcav. as also any other especially of men. 16. z/s [tETct rovrov, aHog avsarrj, ertideixvvg ftsv But after him, another rose, showing indeed rrjv evrfleiav zov xetevortog airsir to. the silliness of the one ordering to ask for vessels, Kvoov Ttahv K>GTCBQ fj.t] jtoiovfisvov [zov] crolov, as if not Cyrus being again performing [his] expedition ; ds emdEwyvg, tor evrjdeg eiy airsiv rjyspova and showing, how silly it would be to ask a leader naQct TOVTOV 'q> ^vp.ouvo[uda rrjv TIQU^IV. As, et xcu from him to whom we ruin the action. But if also n z*p jyycfcayt V Kv^oq av we shall trust any thing to the leader, whom Cyrus may 8co, n xcol.vsi KVQOV xcu xsteveiv rtQO- give, what hinders Cyrus also to order his men to pre- ra UXQO. occupy before you the heights? ao 17. F syoo OXVOITJV av per epfiouveiv tig For I should be reluctant indeed to enter into iv i... ra a rtloia, doiq ijfMV, m xaradvay the vessels, which he may give us, lest he might sink tcu facts rQitjosffi avrcug* ds yofioiftTjv av us with the triremes themselves : and I should fear to 4 38 ai> i, odsv re olov ds ri(ia.g ov% earai s^sWsiV us whence it will not be even possible to get out : and anuav KVQOV axovrog, departing from Cyrus unwilling, having come away, ' 2. . >5*i ^.adsiv ovx Svvarov. ^ovJiOifirjv av avtov' o EGTIV I would rather escape his notice, which is not possible. ^ravra uvai 18. AlX sycoye (ptjfjii fter But I at least affirm these do be indeed fooleries : ds Soxsi pOi avdQag eWovrag rtQog KVQOV, and it seems to me that men having gone to Cyrus, omvsg ertiTydeioi cvv KfaaQ%(p SQoorav sxewov, n be to who may fit, with Clearchus, ask him, what Y.O.I sav fisv r\ JtQa rj he wishes to make of us : and if indeed the action may xat , oajtSQ rtQoreQov EXQIJTO roig be similar to such as also before he made use of to xat %evoig, i/jwaff xai snecdai, \ir[ mercenaries, that we also follow, and no' be rcav cwctva^artcov rovtcp more cowardly than those having gone up with him before. 19. Js sav q itQai cpaiverou (jtei&v rtjg But if the action appear greater than the one xcet envnoveytZQa. xai formerly, and more laborious and more dangerous, TtEiaavra a%iovv avzov r\ aysiv that they ask him, either having persuaded to lead us, OR THE ASCENT OP CYRUS. 39 TtsiGdsrta rj acpievai nqog cpihav [yjp] ; ;'<> or to let us to a for being persuaded go friendly [land] ; ovrco xt eTtOftfOKH av etcotpsda gptAot vr TtQoOvnoi, xai amotveg, av amoipev a 20. Kai &.0[Jievoi avdgas, 7tf.\Movsiv GVV And having taken some men, they send them with KlsOQXCp, 01 T]QCOtK>V KvQOV TO, rtQajfiaTO. Clearchus, who asked Cyrus for the things having do^avra. TJ/ GTQatia. At 6 aftEXQivaro on appeared proper to the army. But he answered that axovoi .A^QOxo^av e%8QOv a^idQa, eivai em tq> he heard that Abrocomas, a hostile man, was at the ttora[icn EvqjQarr} antyovrv. dcadexa crad^ovg. Ovv river Euphrates, distant twelve stations. Therefore Jtgog rovrov sqm fiovlsGdai eWew xai av (Av against him, he said he wished to go: and if indeed emdswat rrv # exsi, sqsrj %Qrjsiv t dtxt]i> he be there, he said that he wartted to inflict punishment avrqr ds qv (psvyy rjpeig exsi fiovlsvGopsda upon him : but if he flee we will there deliberate Tavra. about these matters. 40 }iv d 21. ds ol aiQsroi axovaavrsg ravra And the chosen having heard these tfii?igs i rotg GtQaTiartai' 8s r\v psv them to soldiers there indeed report the ; but was OTI aysi TtQog fiaaitea, 8s a that leads them the but suspicion, he against king ; 6fto)$ sSoxsi ertsadcu. ds TtQOGairovai yet it seemed proper to follow. But to them asking luaOov o KVQOS vjtiG^vsircu doaew na.ai jypoiw more pay, Cyrus promises to give to all half as much OV , fCpSQOV TtQOTSQOV, UVTl ddQSlXOV, TQICl of what they got before, instead of a darick, three tov nqvog zq> (Tr^aTtairg. 8s ovds halfdaricks the month to each soldier: but not ov8si$ svravdot tjxovsv, ys sv ra> yavsQcp, on any one there heard, at least openly, that he ayoi em j3 CHAPTER IV. 1. Evrsvdsv s^eiavvsi 8vo Gra.Q\novq dsxa Thence he proceeds two stations ten para- Gafyag tni TOV norafiov OQOV TO SVQO$ ov sangs to the river . Sarus, the breadth of which rjv TQMX. ntedQO.. Evrsvdsv s%s).avvet eva was three plethra. Thence he proceeds one station, ftsvrs itanaaayyctg sm TOV nora(iov UvQapov, TO svQog five parasangs to the river Pyramus, the breadth OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. ov Gzadiov. Evzsvdev e&kavvei 8vo G of which is a stadium. Thence he proceeds two stations, Ttevrexaidexa naQctGayyag eig iGGOvg, eaxarqv nohv rqs fifteen parasangs, to Issus, the last city of Kihxiag sm rq O-aXarry, oixovpsvtjv, [isvatyv xcu Cilicia upon the sea, inhabited, large and evSaipova. prosperous. xai at 2. EvravOa [iii>Ev TQEKS ypSQae' There he remained three days : and the ships ex IleXoTtovvrjGov rtaQrjaai> KVQCO, TQIUXOVTO, xai nevze, from Peloponnesus came to Cyrus, thirty and five, xoa sn avtaig Hvdajdqag ^tansda^onog vavoQ%o$. and over them Pythagoras, a Lacedaemonian admiral. de, Tapag Aiyvnziog rffsiro avrojv Eyeaov But Tamos, the Egyptian, led , those from Ephesus, %cov Ttsvre xat eixoaiv ersQag vavg, KVQOV aig having five and twenty other ships of Cyrus, with which EJto7.iOQXi Mihrpov ore rp> (pity Tujaa- he besieged Miletus, because it was friendly to Tissa- (X.VTOV. phernes, and made war with Cyrus against him. 3. z/e xai XfiQtaoqiog 6 But likewise Cheirisophus, the Lacedaemonian, 7ti vito 7t(tQi]v rear v0)v ^BTan^nrog KVQOV, %03V came in these ships, being sent for by Cyrus, having trtraxomovg oalirag, (or ecrr^r^/et seven hundred heavy-armed men, whom he commanded nct-QO. Kvgcp. As at vrisg COQ^OVV xara rrjv with Cyrus. But the ships harbored near the tent 4* 42 v a a KVQOV. Evtavda xat ot [UGdoqiOQOi 'Ekleveg nag of Cyrus. There also the hired Greeks, with anocravreg, qWov aaQa. KVQOV, tetgaxoGioi four Abrocomas, deserting, came to Cyrus, hundred XCU GVVSGtQaZEVOVtO 711 heavy-armed men, and moved in war against the king. 4. Evtevdev clcXawet eva Gtadfiov itevte naqct- Thence he proceeds one station, five para- Gayycig em nvkag rrjg Kihxiag xai 2vQiag. de ravra sangs, to the gates of Cilicia and of Syria. And these tjGav dvo Vl%H. XCU TO [lV EGCodev, TtQO TJJS were two walls: and the owe indeed within before Kihxiag, xat 2vwvGig i%s, xat qivJ.axq Kihxow Cilicia, and Syennesis held it, and a guard of Cilicians : de to eo>, to TtQO tt] but the outer, that before Syria, a guard of the king qivXatreiv. de did fiecov tovrcov was said to guard. And through the middle of these Qei nota^og KeQGog [XT] wo^a, flows a river, Cersus [as to] name, the breadth of . e artav to fieGov rcav tei%an> IJGO.V ' a plethrum. And all the middle of the walls were 8. . tgeig Gtadioi xat ovx qv naQsWeiv three furlongs in breadth, and it was not possible to pass it j3ta' ya.q q na.Qo8og tp> Gtevy, xat ta by force: for the passage was narrow, and the walls xadrjxovta. etg &a\attav, de vitSQdsv qGav coming down to the sea, and above were inaccessible OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 43 nergou* ds 7ii ancpoTfQoig roig TW^EGIV ecpfiGTTjxeaav rocks : and on both these walls had stood the nvicu. gates. 5. Ovv KVEXO, ravrrig ryg nuQodov, Kvqog Therefore on account of this passage, Cyrus 1. K. Op. fisrertsfiyaTO rag vavg, onmg anofitfiuoeiEv sent for the ships, in order that he might land 07i7.itag fiGca xat %K> rcav Ttvitfv, xai heavy-armed men within and without the gates, and 1. m-'m. $utGaint,vai tovg no).[ii.ovg rtaQ&doifv et having forced the enemy, they might pass if CpvlaTTOiev erti raig 2vQicug ftv^aig, 6?tfQ 6 KvQog they should guard at the Syrian gates, which Cyrus rov thought Abrocomas about to do, having a great As, dpooxofictg ov notr^v rovro, aD.ce. army. But Abrocomas did not do this, but Eftsi ifxovs KVQOV ovra fv KiJ.ixia, avaGrQetyag when he heard of Cyrus being in Cilicia, having turned ex ftoimmjg artr^avvfv ncttya. ^autifa, c^ooy, cag up out of Phosnicia, he went away to the king, having, as .fyTO, TQiaxovra was said, thirty ten thousands of an army. 6. ^'Tvv .awi ia vQiag era Thence he proceeds through Syria, one station, Ttf.vre naQO.Ga.yyag) fig MvQiardQOv, nokiv ODtovfjtvijv vno five parasangs, to Myriandrus, a city inhabited by (froivixmv sm rrj ftaiarTT}' d TO XCOQIOV rjv Pho3nicians, near the sea: and the place was 44 * V TZoXXat , xat 6).xades caQfiow avrodi. a mart, and many ships of burden harbored there. 7. Erravda t^itivav 'enra ^eQag" xcu JETena? There they remained seven days : and Xenias, 6 s^Qxag GrgaTtj^og, -xt llncuav 6 the Arcadian general, and Pasion, the Megarian, i aloior, xai having entered into a vessel, and having put on board rot. a^ia aleiarov artejifavaav qi).o- the things worthy of most" value, sailed away, being influenced, however, by the love of honor, as it seemed lS, OZl KVQQS IM TOV K).aQ%OV to most, because Cyrus permitted Clearchus to have TOVS GTQarioyiag avrcov, amWovrag nciQa the soldiers of them, having gone to Clearchus K>$ amovrag ct? rqg 'E).).ada ttahv, xt ov TtQog as if departing into Greece again, and not against s ow fjtei the And therefore king. when they were out of sight, loyog 8iijl.de on JfEvgog dicaxoi a rumor ran through the army, that Cyrus may pursue ovrovg TQUJQCGI' xdi oi ftsv ev^nvro avrovg them with triremes; and some indeed wished them, . o) if they should be caught. OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS 45 8. Je KvQog Gv/xateiag rovg But Cyrus having called together the generals, xai IIuGKov a7toJ.e).oi7iaGiv r^iag' PJ.a left said, Xenias and Pasion have us ; but art ovts ye fv EmGiaaOwaav p,svroi t at least let them know well, however, that neither yctq oidct onr\ oi%orrcu ovrs have they run away, for I know whither they go; nor have they escaped; for I have triremes, so as to take ro Tiloiov fxsircov. j4M.a, pa rotv -&Eovg, ovx the vessel of them. But, by the gods, I shall ej'w/s 3i 700 ^Qfo^tcu fwg fisv tig av I make use of him, whilst indeed any one may remain : ds eneidav ^ov^rai aatsvai, GvV,a@ IOITOW av, fiSorsg, art etGi xnxiovg But let them go, having known that they are worse . Kcuroi rjfiag i\ ^fieis TtEQt exsivovg. towards us, than we towards them. Although e%(o ye xo/. Tfx^a xat ywcuxag avr-wv I have at least both the children and wives of them /./. ovde in Trallus but neither shall guarded ; they be 46 *> a a (T t . Jf /3 ? rovrcov a.\\a. aftotyyovrat of but shall receive deprived them ; they them on account rqg aQsrqg TIEQI epe of their service towards me formerly. EiTtsv ds ol 9. Kai 6 fiev ravra [Qijuara]' And he indeed spoke these [words] ; and the EI xat rv 'EhT-qveg, rig t adv^iorEQog JtQog rip Greeks, if any even was more faint-hearted for the axovGavrEg rqv , ascent, having heard the nobleness of Cyrus, more pleasantly, and more eagerly, went on together. And fiera ravra KVQO$ E&T.avysi rsrraQas craOfiovg ewoaiv after these, Cyrus proceeds four stations, twenty 7taouGtt.y)'ag em rov Ttorafjiov Xahov, ovra ro fVQog parasangs, to the river Chalus, being the breadth ds xcu TtkedQOV, TthrjQr] fAS^a^v TfQasow i%ftvwv, of a plethrum, and full of large and tame fishes, ovg ol VQOI . EVOfii^ov -&sovg, xat ovx sicov which the Syrians thought gods, and did no.t permit aSixEiv, ovds rag TtEQiGrsgag. de at xca/^at, EV to injure them nor the pigeons. And the villages, in aig Effxr^'ovv TJGUV JJanvGandog dsdo^iEva which they quartered, were tfwse of Pa ry satis, having been etg 'oni]v. her given for girdle. 10. EvrsvQEv e&lavvEi TtEvrt aradpovg Thence he proceeds five stations, thirty zrti nr rov na.Q(t.G ay-fag rag t yag rtorapov parasangs, to the springs of the river Daradax, OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 47 ov ro EVQog ntedQOV. Ertavdo, of which the breadth was that of a plethrum. There rGav ra rov xai t ^aGi).sia Batecios aQ^avrog ^vQiag, were the palaces of Belesis, ruling over Syria, and TtanadsiGog navv n&fag x-cu xalog e^mv navra. a park very large and beautiful, having all things (fvovGiv. dz, KvQog sl-exoye avrov, which the seasons produce. And Cyrus cut it down, xat xarexavaev ra fiaGilxia. and burnt down the palaces. 11. Evrsvdev %S)MVVEI tQi$ Gtadfiovg, Thence he proceeds three stations, fifteen em rov ftcnapov vqjQatrtV, orta ro parasangs, to the river Euphrates, being the breadth rerrciQcov Gradiwv xai no\i$ omeiro of four stadia; and a city was inhabited there, xcu evSai^ioav QutyGaxoe ovopan. EvravOa large and prosperous, Thapsacus by name. There Sfisivav nsvrs qpsQag" xai KVQOS, [AfransfiWa^svos they remained five days: and Cyrus, having sent for rwv on rovg GrQarqyovg jjvtfV, cj'cj', rj the generals of the Greeks, said that the road sGoiro sig Ba.^v\o3va jtQog [leya? fiaGilsa: xai w6uld be to Babylon against the great king: and avrovg yew ravra roig he orders them to say these things to the soldiers, xai avartetdeiv eneGdai. and to persuade them to follow. r^" i ^h- 48 ^vdaais. 12. de ol noiijGavrsg exxtyaiav a And they having made an assembly, reported ravra [GrQaruoraig], 8s ol GrQartcorai e^aisnaivov these the [to soldiers], but the soldiers were displeased roig GrQartjyoig, xai egiacav avrovg etdorag with the generals, and affirmed them, though knowing ravra nal.ai XQWITSIV xai , oint ecpaaav tsrai, these of old to conceal them : and they refused to go, av pr} rig ototp j^^ara avroig unless some one should give money to them, just as 2.-m. xot TtQOTEQOv roi$ avafiaGt uera KVQOV naga even before to those having gone up with Cyrus to rov jtareQK rov KVQOV, xt ravra tovrwv orx em the father of Cyrus, and this they going not for >, aU.a rov narQog xafovvrog KVQOV. battle, but the father sending for Cyrus. 13. Ol crq(trrjfOi oatrif/^l.ov ravra The generals reported these tilings to Cyrus: t , 8e v7tG%Ero SOGSIV exacrcp avdgi ntvrf. prog and he promised to give to each man five minae saav ^xcoat eig Bafivloava, xai rov of silver, when they should come to Babylon, and av evrslir) [iiGdov, i*%Qig xaraGrrfiq rovg the perfect pay, until he should place Greeks nahv sig Icoviav. To noko pw 8q rov again in Ionia. The most indeed even of the 1.1. 'EM.ijvixov ovrcp fftEiGdrj. Je Msvoov, JIQIV Greek force thus was persuaded. But Menon, before OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 49 dql.ov n ol aW.oi azQaTioizai it was apparent what the other soidiers will do, iwovrai TO rtore(iov KVQO), tj or, avve)^e whether they will follow Cyrus, or not, collected the avrov %G>QIS twv ceW-cor, xat army of himself apart from the others, and said these words : i. . 14. j4vdQg, eav Ttetad^rs spot, ovre Men, if you be persuaded by me, neither OVTE TtwtjGavrsg, rtQO- having been in danger, nor having labored, you vrto KVQOV 7lkf.ov rw a73. orQuncorKtv. Ti ow xfj^vw [vpag] noirfiai: soldiers. What therefore do I order /OM to do? Kv(,og vw deirai rovg 'E^^vag erteadai frti Cyrus now requires the Greeks to follow him against cyco ow the king : I therefore say that it behoves [you] diafiqvai tov nora^iov Ev(f:Qarr^j MQIV swat dr^.ov^ to pass over the river Euphrates, before it be appa- o'n. ol u).koi 'Elfyreg artoxtxvovvrai KVQOJ. rent, what the other Greeks shall answer Cyrus. 15. rv r"aQ t [lev TpTjquawvrai For if indeed they should vote to follow, you dosre swat ainoi, aQavrsg rov will seem to be the cause, having begun the going through: eiGsrai xcu xat vpiiv atg OVGI TtQodv^orarotg KvQog and to as most Cyrus will feel, and you being eager, * 50 s ertiararat, si xat rig pay back the favour: but he knows, if even any other does; 8s f\v ol aM.oi aTtoyTjyiGGwrat, navrsg per am^sv but if the others should vote against, we all indeed"- depart sty rovprtcthv de %Q?JGT(U v^iv (lag ^ovoig rtsido- back again: but he will use you as alone being fisvoig, rtiGzorciTOig xai sis oidoc. oxi "ko%tt.yiag' xai cag qdoi Kvoov, captaincies: and I know that as friends of Cyrus, you rsv^sods aU.ov ovnvog av detjGQs. will obtain any other thing whatever you should require. 16. ^fxovaavTsg ravra smidovro, xai Having heard these they were persuaded, and /Is 8is{>t]Gav TtQiv rovg al.'kovg aTtQOXQivatidai. went throuh before that the others answered. And ' EJtsi KvQog tjcdsro [avrovg~\ when Cyrus perceived [them] having gone through, rs he was both delighted, and having sent Glus to the GTQursvpaTi, sifter Ey(a fisv, w avdQsg snaivco vpag, army, said : I indeed, O men, praise you, ds [te^asi sfioi, oncag xai vfistg sncavsaijrs and it shall be a care to me, how also you should praise eps, rj firjxszs vofu&rs ps KVQOV. me, or no longer think me Cyrus. 7. Ol GTQctTiwTai (j.sv 8y ovrsg w The soldiers, therefore, being in great V%ovro avrov svrv^cai' ds xai elsysro hopes, wished him to be fortunate : but he was also said OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 5J SOJQO, MEV&VI. d to have sent magnificent gifts to Menon. And having done diefiatvs' 8e oaiav TO a).7.o these, he went through : and all the other army avrqr xat ovdsts reap dtaficuvovrcov TOV followed him: and no one of these going through the nora^iov Es^tj cwootcgo) TWV naawv vrto tov river was wetted higher tfian the breasts by the nora^ov. river. 18. ._/. :>i Oaipa^voi ekeyov mi ovzog 6 ttoraftog But the Thapsacenes said that this river ov nojTtors f.t JEVOITO diafiarot; ns^y, ^nrj TOTE, never at any time was passable on foot, if not then, ftloiotg' a TOTS but with vessels, which then Abrocomas proceeding Iva /Is KVQOQ \nf\ 8tafir[. burnt down that Cyrus might not pass through. And xai TOV it seemed to be divine, and that the river clearly KVQOJ, a>$ gave way to Cyrus as about to reign. 19. Evrevdev E&l.avvEi 8i.a Tq$ 2vQiag, evvea Thence he proceeds through Syria nine ortcf)(i8vg rtEvrtjKotva na.Qacn.jjai; Y.V.I aqr/.vovvrai nqog stations, fifty parasangs, and they come to the river Araxes. There were many villages, 52 UEGTCU GIZOV xot oivov. Evxavda epsivav full of corn and of wine. There they remained three xai days, and victualled. CHAPTER V. 1. Errevdev s^s^awsi, 8ia rye Thence he proceeds through Arabia, having rov Ttorafioy EvcpQarrfV FV 8s^ia rtsvrs eQijfiovg the river Euphrates on the right, five desert g toiaxovra xot nevre TtaQaaay/ag. s ev stations, thirty and five parasangs. And in toTtm rv ntdiov tmav o q) pev tj yrj f this place indeed the land was a plain all level anavra. xi Ho vl*t]t; TJ xakafjiov svqv, any other kind of wood, or of reed was there, all 8s ovSev were fragrant, just as perfumes, but no tree was there. ovoi 2. AZ Tturrout drjQict, n\WTOi aynioi [isv, But various beasts, numerous wild asses indeed, 8s ul GrnovOot. ovx 8s vraav xou nzyakai oPayot* t and large ostriches not a few; and there were also (OTi8s$ xt SoQxaSf^' 8e ol iJtrtEig sviors bustards and antelopes: and the horsemen sometimes OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 53 eduaxov ruvra r oi ovoi O-t/Qict." Kai pi-v pursued these wild beasts. And the wild asses indeed 7tl Tig when any one might pursue them, having run before, av iiGTtjXEGur, yog er(j%ov nol.v tfazrov rov \nnov would stand, for they ran much quicker than the horse, xt jtuhv ETTEI ol Innoi nkiffftee^oisp enoiovv and again when the horses would approach, they did xou OVA rv si t "kafisiv [ttj the same : and it was not possible to take them, unless Of iTtriEig diaaruvreg &JJQQ)EV, dta- the horsemen, standing asunder, would hunt them, being dr/opsvoi rot$ 'litTtotg. /Is rn xpfa successively relieved with horses. And the flesh rwv ot}.taxo[iro3v v^v TtaoaTthjGia roig f?.qrfot?, of those being caught was very like the slag flesh but softer. 2. a 3. At ovdsig ej.apsv Groovdov de ol TOW But no one took an ostrich; but those of the g ra%v fjtavorro' yaQ horsemen pursuing, quickly ceased; for she was drawn noJ.v, yw/ovaa per 101^ noai away far, fleeing indeed with the feet in running, ds rats TtTfQV^iv, u.Q(tffa (oGJteo % // EGZI lafifiavEiv rag omSag, av rig But it is possible to take the bustards, if any one ta/v' yag rtsrovrai pQa%v distance as raise t/iem quickly; for they fly a short just 5* 54 xat. ra/v anctyoQEVOvai. z/e ra tire. But the flesh partridges, and quickly avrwv ijv of them was very sweet. 4. z/e noosvofjiEvoi diet ravrqg rq$ %(*>Qa,g And going through this place aqiixvovvTctt em TOV Ttoranov MctGxav, TO svQog ' they come to the river Mascas, the breadth aksOQieuov. Evravdct rp psyakri tQi^a of a plethrum in extent. There was a large deserted nohg, ds ovopa, avry KoQawri]' 8s avtrj to it was but city, and the name Corsote ; this was ftsQienosizo vno tov Maaxa xvx^.ep. Evravda. flowed round by the Mascas in a circle. There xt they remained three days, and victualled. 5. Evrsvdsv &?.ca>m TQiaxatdsxa Thence he proceeds thirteen desert stations, evvsvyxovra naoa.6ayya.gi ninety parasangs, having the river Euphrates ev de%ta, xai aipixvfizai sm Tlv^agi Ev rovroig on the right, and comes to the gates. In these roig GT ov vno tov hfiov yaQ i]r xonrog, ovds ovdKV from hunger, for there was neither grass, nor any aiXo aD.a ds ol dsi'dQOv, t\ %(OQM. qv anaaa Wity, other tree, but the place was alt bare, and those svoixovvrsg naya. TOV aorafiov oovrrorteg xvi noiovvrsg inhabiting near the river digging and making OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 55 afarag ovovg yyov xai encohovv eig ^a^v^cova, xt grinding stones carried and sold them in Babylon, and Girov e'cov. buying instead corn, lived. 6. /Is o Girog irtsl.iTte ro GrQarevpa, xai ovx rp And corn failed the army> and it was not si ev Avftitt. EV (irj TIQ ayoQa, rep possible to buy unless in the Lydian market, in the KVQOV, irp v,(f.mQi\v barbarian army of Cyrus, the capithe of wheat flour or /Is aiqpmav rsrraQoav Giyl. ^4inxovg ofiokovg xat r^io^o).iov ds q seven Attic aboli and a half abolus ; and the dvo Atri'Mv^ %oimxag. Ovv capithe contained two Attic choenices. Therefore ol GTQaTicorcu Sisyiyvovro eadiovrsg XQsa. the soldiers continued eating flesh. 7. Z/g TjV 10VT03V T03V GTadfJiWV OVg And tlwre were some of these stations along which Ttavv [taxQovg ravvsvj ortoze q being greatly extended he urged on, whenever he either SiatefaGcii fiovioiro TtQOg vdooQ t] TtQog fikov. Kai wished to continue for water or for fodder. And xat dr] jtors Grvo%a)Qt,ag, raig '//? xcu evdcufAOVEGraroit; 7tQi ctvrov, xcu the best and most wealthy about him, and T|e D.OVV xcu Ur/Qijra h ordered Glus and Pigres taking Jtold to move out the '$ lov fiaofivLQixov Groarov. waggons of the barbarian army. 8. z/ sjtsi edovxovv avrco noisiv G%o).(aa)g, But when they seemed to him to act leisurely, rov$ xoariazovg he ordered, as in anger, the Persians, the best avrov, avvsTtiffftevGou rag aua$ag. Evdot t about him, jointly to hasten on the waggons. There q t]v {te.aGaada.1 ti even it was in otve's poiver to see some part of good dis- rovz TtoncpvQOvg cipline. For throwing off the purple robes i *- 1' OTtOV WGLGTOg TV%SV efTT^XCO, ffJTO, wherever each happened to be Standing, they rushed, av Ttsnt xa.ro. itu).. it; dnapoi vixq$ t Xat as if any one would run about victory, and down a very ytjlntpov, e^orrft; re TOITOIV rotv v steep hill, having both these rich Xircorag, xut za$ Ttotxdac; ava$vni8aj, 8s xeu tnoi tunics, and varied trowsers, and also some Tteni v rotj rna.yijl.oi4, xai having chains about the necks, and bracelets rcug %eQGiv ds svdvg cvv rovrot^ about the hands : and directly with these leaping OR, THE ASCENT OF CVRUS. 57 TOV av sig rttjlov &UTTOV r\ E^xopiaoiv Tag 'apa^ag [isTsmoovg. they carried out the waggons raised aloft. 9. z/e TO Gvpnav KvQog t]v And upon the whole Cyrus was apparent G7tv8wv naGuv Trv 68ov xai ov onov t diazQtfiwv, fit] hastening all the road, and not delaying, wherever i] Tivog he sat not down, on account of victualling, or some other , oaox arrop fisv av indeed he necessary ; thinking, by how much quicker e).Qoi, roGoirtcp eWoi pcf/eadai fiaart.ei should come, by so much he should come to fight the king aTtaoKwevaoroTSQCp, ds oca) G%o}.aior8()ov, iDore unprepared, but by how much more leisurely, ' rooovrqi nfaov GrQarsvfia Gvvaytiotadai by so much, a greater army will be collected for fi top 7tQ06%OVTl TOV the king. And it was easy to anyone directing the avvtdstv r r ovaa vow, rj (tn%t] $aia&&B$ t mind, to perneive that the empire of the king was being id'/VQa per rilxfisi ^ojo?, xat \n\rflti\ strong indeed in the extent of territory, and in the number ardQtoTtwv, 8s aGdevrjg roig JM^XSOJ ro>v odcai', rtp of men, but weak by the lengths of the roads, in ei rig noiono this that its forces were separated, if anyone would make TOV noJ.snov Sta, ra-/0)v. war by quick measures. 58 H v a. a a i . ft g 10. 2/ newtv rov nozapov EvyQazov xazct rove But beyond the river Euphrates, through the xai desert stations, was a city, opulent and great, but ex ot ot'Ofict' zavztj* Charmenda by name : from this place the soldiers r rat K,8e' t yoo(t^nv raurgdeco, SM^OUVOVTS^ a^sdtaig bought the necessaries, passing over with rafts thus; xovcpov they filled with light prass skins which they had as ., : . XOtt coverings, then they brought together tfie ends, and GvveGrttnv ro tog vdcoQ / f?, tni rovrcav disfiuivov, x the hay, upon these they crossed over, and procured T ertizrjzia, TS oivov ntitoirjitevov ex rqs the necessaries, both wine having been made out of the fialctvov rr^ tn.no rov q.oinxog, xai GITOV (tsltvqg : ya.Q fruit from the palm tree, and corn ofpannic' for jtl.eiGTov ev TOVZO tjv zy %&>()(* this was most plentiful in the place. 11. As. evzavffa is r xai z 'O K).aQ%0 XQira$ zov zov Msvwvoe adixeiv, Clearchus judging the soldier of Menon to injure, 8e 6 sWcov Tinas zo inflicted blows; but the man having come to the OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 59 savrov, ekeyev ds ol Gruaricorai army of himself, told it; and the soldiers E%a7.7taivov xai woyi^ovzo hearing, were displeased and were enraged strongly against, Clearchus. sWcov sjti 12. As rrj awry rftJiSQa. Kksafyog And on the same day Clearchus having come rqv diafiaGiv rov norap.ov, xai sxei xaraGXEyjapsvog to the passage of the river, and there having inspected a TtSQi avrov (3s Kvgog qxev ofrtw, aV.a srt about him : (but Cyrus came not yet, but still Ss rcov jtooffTjT.avve ;] rig arQancorcav Mwcovog on of the soldiers of went ;) and one Menon a%i(ov t>A, tag eids rov K).ea()%ov Sis).avfovra splitting wood, when he saw Clearchus passing through, 2-- .. , , irjGt ry a^ivy xai ovrog psv r^uQrsv throws at him with the axe: and he indeed missed avrov ds aD.og . hdca xai aMog, sira him: but another with a stone and another, then many, a shout being made. 13. Js o xarayevjM etg ro crQarsvpa savrov, But he takes refuge into the army of himself, xai evdvg TtaQayyeM^i , etg ra onla: xat exs- and directly orders his men to arms : and he 60 ^v ?.VGV fjisv rovg mtltrag ftsirat avrov, ordered indeed the heavy-armed men to remain there, " d~eirag T S aa^idag rtoog ra yovarct' 8s avrog T.a^Ktv placing the shields at .the knees: and he taking rovg O()axag xai rovg IrtTteag, ot tjaav avrco the Thracians and the horsemen, who were to him v ol rap GTQarsvuari ntetovg t] rsxraQaxovra, (de in the army more than forty, (but the 7tl.tGTOi TOVTWV 0QaxEg,) TjlavvEv fjti rovg most of these were Thracians,) drove towards those Mtvavog, COCTTC exeivovg fX7tn).r^dcu, xcu Msvoava of Menon, so that they were struck, and Menon OC.VTOV, xai TQS^EIV fm ra ortla. At oi xcti himself, and ran to their arms. But some also earasav aTtooovvrsg rep 7tQa.yna.il. stood hesitating in the affair. 14. Je o IlQO%vog, (yctQ ETV% ngoGiow be But Proxenus, (for he happened to coming up f>GTQog, xou ra^ig rcov wthroav tjto^vrj next, and a rank of heavy-armed men following p,) Evdvg ow ttyoav sig ro [IEGOV him,) directly therefore leading into the middle of both, TO. onl.a xai edfiro rov edTo KfaaQxov fit] ordered arms, and requeued of Clearchus not to do ravra, As, 6 t^aXeGrtaivsv^ art, avrov these things. But he was displeased, that, he wanting ohyov xaral^vodrivou, TtQcuog teyot ro little of being stoned, he should gently speak of the OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS* 61 avTov rs EKE^EVS avrov el-iGiaadat x row suffering of him: and ordered him to stand out of the jU(TOf. middle. 15. ds EV rovrm, EXEI Ki'Qog i/xe, xat ETtvdsro But in thjg time, when Cyrus came, and learnt TO JiQaypa svdvg elafie ra Ttal.ra sig rag %i()ag, the affair, directly he took javelins into his hands, xat aw roig naQOvai r / TO fisoov, xt ieyse wde KkeoQjrs xat into the middle, and speaks thus: Clearchus and IlQO^Kve, xat ot a?.?.ot EU^veg Ttagovrsg, IGTS otx Proxenus, and ye the other Greeks present, you know not OTl TtOlElTE' fttQ t GV^U^eTS tlVO. f^O-^V what you do. For if you shall join in any battle a).).r^oi$, vofjii^srs efis, ev rrjds TTJ jjftf^a, rs with one another, think me, in this day, both xaraxexowEGdcu xat vpag ov no).v VOTEQOV epow about to be cut down, and you not long after me : yao row TjfiETEQoav e%ovza)v [eavrovg] xaxw^.; for our affairs having [themselves] badly i.e. in a bad jzavrsg ovroi aQaoQi, v$ OQCCTE, oovrai state; all those barbarians, whom you see, will be rear ovroov j/fi/v LttQO] na.Qu more hostile to us [than] those being with the king. 17. 'O K).EOQ-/og axovGag ravrcc, fvEvsro ev dvr CHAPTER VI. 1. FlQo'iovtwv evrsvdev, i%via xai They proceeding thence, footsteps and dung (patvzo- dz 6 GTifiog Eixa&zo eivcu MS horses track to of appeared ; and the seemed be as di<5%iha)v irtJtcov. Ovroi nQo'iovrss xcu exatov of two thousand horses. These proceeding, even burnt xi i n a..0 r\v fodder, and if any other thing was useful. fiut Orontes, xot re TtQoayxow fiaffi).et ywEi, a Persian man, both belonging to the king by birth, and ' ret Ttoquwa, yofisvog ev toig as to warlike affairs, accounted among the best of the xai v, erttfiovtevei Ki>Q(p, nQoadev Persians, plots against Cyrus, and formerly having made fie war upon him, but having been reconciled. 2. 'OvtOg SlTtSV K.VQO), 1 8oiT] Ct,VT(p This man said to Cyrus, if he would give to him xara- %ihov$ ijtrtct$ on EVfdQEvaas i\ a thousand horsemen, that lying in ambush, either he xawot av zov$ aQOxaraxaiovrag may destroy those beforehand burning down horsemen Xot avroav xow 17 Tto^ovg ^oovza?, or might take most of them alive, and might hinder rov xctitiv, xcu TtotrjGEiEV avrovg those going on from burning, and might make them OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. (33 ro SwaoOai dutyysikou fiaGi}.Et. As rq> KvQ(p to be able to tell it to the king. And to Cyrus itxovGavri, -tairta sdoxsi sivai cotfsh^ia' xcu hearing, these things seemed to be useful : and avTov ).u^avtv [tSQO^ jtaod sxaGTov rcav he ordered him to take a part from each of the leaders. 3. As. o 'OQavrtjs vofuGty; rovg iatn&t$ 4nd Orontes thinking the horsemen to be sroi^iovg avrcp, yQa dvvtjTar a/J.a xs7.Vv tpQaacu roig may be able to obtain: but he ordered him to tell to the tavrov v7tode%Gdai avrov tag qpcJUoy. As horsemen of himself to receive him as friendly. And sv T?J TtiGTo.tj xcu there were in the letter also memorials of friendship xat aiGTsms. iwGi ravrrjv rrp formerly and of faith. He gives this letter TZtVrO) (tvdQl, OJ? Q)TO* ds 6 A|3oJJ' to a faithful man, as he thought: and he having taken it, deixvvoiv Ki'QCp. shows it to Cyrus. * .^ ' * 4. As o KVQO$ avafvovs ct.vr.rjv, And Cyrus having read it, 64 xai Gvyxakei eig Tyv Gxqvqv avrov Orontes, and calls together into the tent of himself Tovg 'ertza aQiGrovg rmt> IlfyGcov rtSQi ai'TOv: xai the seven best of the Persians about himself: and t-xelsvsv rnvg GTQazrjyovg roov 'Ekkqvcov ayayeiv he ordered the generals of the Greeks to bring orthzag, de &Gdai rovzovg ra vrtka Ttsyi heavy-armed men, and- to place these in arms around rr( axqvqv avrov. ds ol ertoiqaa.? lavrcx. ayayoinsg the tent of him. And they did these, bringing 5. ^e xt TtaQMCtteGe, siaco But he also called in Clearchus as counsellor og ys edoxei xpu avt(p xiu roi^ who at least appeared both to him and the others TtQOTiptjOtjvai pahGra TK>V 'E^r^cav. As, east to be honored chiefly of the Greeks. But when - f^tjWsv, e^rffysde toig <$d.oig rrjv XQIGIV he came out, he reported to the friends the condemnation ov /Is rov OQOVTOV, tag fysvsro' yctQ r\v artOQQrfzov. of Orontes, as it was: for it was not secret. But f.yq KVQOV (tQ%m' rov hoyov cu5e* he said that Cyrus began the subject thus : 6. FI(tQxa}.eGa vfiag, avSntg (fdoi, onoig fiovhevopwog I invited you, my friends,, how deliberating rovrov'i aw vfj.iv, TtQa^co rovro ntQi OQOVTOV on with you, I may do that about this Orontes whatever eem dtxaiov xai TiQog &e i .. TtQwrov [*ev 6 EJUO? nareQ edwxev rovrov fivai For first indeed my father gave this man to be efiei vrtqxoov Efioi. de ra%deis, tag avrog eyy, subject to me. But when being ordered, as he said, vno zov e[*ov adel.yov, ovrog eaofaftrioev joi, by my brother, this man made war against me, sv having the citadel in Sardis, and I warring against avrov, enoiijGei ware do%cu rovrw him, made him so that it seemed vroper to him xai TOV TtoXsfiov TtQog Efie, el.afiov ds^ia^ to cease from the war against me, and I took his right xai hand in pledge ofpeace, and I gave him mine. co 7. Mtrct ravra. sq>T], Ogovra, eativ After these ivords, he said, O Orontes, is there asl ds o any thing in what I injured thee? Bat he answered, 'ore ov 'O KVQOS nahv Barter Ovxovv that there was not. Cyrus again asked: Didst thou VGTZQOV (o<; cv avrog 'o^io^oys.^ aitoGtag not then afterwards, as thou thyself confesses!, having adixovusvoi; ovdsv vn {^.ov, ei$ withdrawn, being injured in nothing by me, to the trv 'or MvGovg snoifig t sprp %K>Qav xaxco? Mysians, treat my territory badly in whatever edvixo' '0 Ogorrrig gqpj/. Ovxovv, thou wast able. Orontes said he did. Didst thou not 'o KvQog cqf^, 'onor av ^yvoag rr^v then, Cyrus said, whenever again thou knewest the 6* 66 Avdaaig. dvvafirr (rsavrov, eWwv eizi rov ftm/iov ryg power of thyself, coming to the altar of Diana, eyijada is ^.sraMv GOI, xai declare tfiat it both repented thee, and having persuaded f(*e, sdcoxng nahr mara. jot, xcu elafisg me, thou gavest again pledges to me, and didst receive TiaQ spov ? Kcu 'o OQOvrsg w^o^ovc/. zavra. pledges from me? And Orontes confessed these things. 8. *o TV ovv KVQOS scpij, adixtjdeti; vii fiov 9 In what, then, Cyrus said, being injured by me, vvv TO TQITOV ysyovctg now the third time thou hast been visibly plotting against ftot; z/ lov 'OQM-TOV sutonps 'ori. me? But Orontes saying that being injured in ovdtv, 'o KVQOS tjQoartjafv avror 'O^ioio- nothing, he had plotted, Cyrus asked him : Thou ovv sivcu yeig adixog ttSQi eps. Fay rj confesses! then to be unjust towards me. Why truly Ex zovrov 'o e xcu ^/ spy adslcpcp, ds xai cpdog ftiarog tytoi; my brother, but also a friend and faithful to me? And 2.L 'ozt ovS" i av oceif ds roiavra jev 'o avrjQ psv Jtsitoirjxe, fayst such things indeed the man really has done, and speaks ds GV (o vai rtQKirog vtuov, KfaaQ%e, artoq.rt such things, but do thou first of you, O Clearchus, declare GOI. /is yvatHtjv o'n doxei K).saQ%og thy opinion, what appears proper to thee. And Clearchus sine raSe' Evto Gvpfiovl.eva) Jtoisiadai rov rovrov spoke thus : I counsel to put this man sxnodwv w$ Ta%i6Ta, cog HTJXSTI df-oi out of the way very quickly, that no more it may be rovrov Ha GXOJ.T] sir] needful to guard against him, but that leisure may r^iv, [XT] TO Eivcu Kara rovrov noiuv ev with to be to us, [as to] our being him treat well rovrovg rovg edsiovras tyikovg. those willing to be our friends. &*.n. 10. df. Syr] xcu rovg aV.ovg TtQoadsGdai ravrij And he said also that the others concurred in ry 7^0)^^. Mf.ro. rvunq, Kvoov xshevovrog, this opinion. After these affairs, Cyrus ordering, anarrsg, xat ot Gvyyeveis avaaravrsg ekafiovro rov all, even the relatives, rising up, took trig ^atvqg em {tavarty de sira Orontes by the girdle, in token of death, and then those, olg rtQOGercc/d)], efyflov avrov. z/g sftsi to whom it was ordered, Jed him out. But when eidov avrov, olneQ jtQOGdsv jtQOGsxvvow rors they saw him, who even before worshipped him, then 68 Y.OLI rtQOGSxvvrtGav xautSQ eidozeg ori ayocio also they worshipped him, though knowing that he was s,m tfavarcp. led to death. 11. // STtet i.Grjy6rj eig rqv And when he was led into the tent of Arta- nara rov niGTOtarov TOW Gxi]7trov%(av KVQOV, phatas, the most faithful of the sceptre-beai-ers of Cyrus,. psta ravra ovdfig Tttonore sidev OQOVTTJV, ovrs after these things no one ever saw Orontes, neither OVT? Tdi>K)ra, ovtf ovdeig living, nor having died, nor did any one knowing say, artedavsv ds aA^ot siita^ov aM. racpos avrov no tomb of him ever was seen. CHAPTER VII. 1. EvTwdsv e^sluvrsi 8ut zqg Bafivhtonag Thence he proceeds through Babylonia, three GraOfiovg SwSsxa nv.Qa.Gtt.yyag, de sv rep TQizcp Gradpcp stations, twelve parasangs. And in the third station, xai Kvoog noLsircu s&raGiv TCOV 'EV.>,rmv row fictQ- Cyrus makes a review of the O'.<;cs and of the bar- sv sdoxei fia.QK>v, T(p rtedicp rtegi psou?- ruy.rag^ (yctQ barians, in the plain about mid-night, (for he thought q%siv eig ir\v emovGav em GVV the king about to come on the coming morning, with OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. gg Xt the army about to fight,) and he ordered Clearchus rov ds Msvcova [tEl> qyeiadcu defyov XSQCOC, rov indeed to lead the right wing, but Menon, the Onralov rov Evcavvpow Se avrog disrarrs rovg Thessalian, the left but he arranged those eavrov. of himself. 2. As, rrv jWEToc t e&raGiv apa ry EMOVGQ And after the review, along with the coming fjfiEQct, avTO[Ao}.oi ftaQce, psyalov fiaaiktwi; jjxorrftf day, deserters from the great king coming anrfiyEllov K.VQQC) ntQt ri]g GTQana<; rrjg fiaaitecot;. reported to Cyrus about the army of the king. // KVQOS cvyxalsaccs rovg GTQttTijyovs xcu 7.o%a"fovg And Cyrus having assembled the generals and captains rqw EU.rjVcov avvefiovfovszo re ntag av jtoioiro of the Greeks consulted both how he would conduct xt uvrog ftaoQwrnv naQrjfst roiads: the battle, and he himself encouraging, exhorted thus: 3. Q 'Eliqves avdQst;, ovx artOQcov O Grecian men, not being in want of barbarian avdQK>TtK>v aj'ro vita? avfitf^a^ovg, a).l.a voiu^co* men, do I lead you as assistants, .but thinking sivcu apeivovg xi %(>Eirrov$ noW.tav you to be better and superior to many barbarians, dia rovro riQOG^M^ov. 'Orttag ovv on this account I have taken you. Consider how then aioi r xcx- ardQeg rijg ^.evdsQiag t g you shall be men worthy of the freedom which you 70 xai f v vrtSQ t g eyco vdai[Mvi(a have acquired, and for which I deem you happy. I'CK.Q zv i6T, on s).oifir]v av rrp> efavffsoia For you well know, that I would choose freedom am xai navzKiv a)J.(av 7toM.a7t}.am,c>)v K>V /. before even all other manifold things which I have. 4. /h bnwg xai siSrpce ztg olov But in order that you may also know, into what 700 eidws dida$a) contest you come, I having known will inform you. FO.Q TO rtlrjdog per jroAv, xat For the multitude is indeed great, and they come on with a ds av xt T j. avcw/ffids ravra, but if sustain and as to other great shout ; you this, doxw fioi, caa%vv4()(U things, I seem to myself to be ashamed that you will oiovg rov$ avdpaiTtovi; ovrag ev rr} %(nQa know of, what the men are being in the country At VpKtV OVTWV ttvdftWV Xt of us. But you being men, and having become ja) flV TtOttjGK) 10V V[IG)V bold, I*- indeed will cause any one of you wishing oixade uns.Wf.iv l^ktaftov im^ ofxot; 8s" logo home to depart enviable to those at home; and o I think to make maay choose . [affairs] with (II'TI. fj.0l ZCOV 01X01. me before those at home. * OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS; 71 5. Evravda Favhr^g naQCJv 2a(uog qvyag, Then Gaulites being present, a Samian fugitive, de to a/crag KVQM EMS' Kai [Djr, KVQE. nveg but faithful to Cyrus, said : And truly, O Cyrus, some - fayovai, on vrtia%vy vvv noJ.'kcc. 8ia say, that thou promises! now many things, through 10 stvai EV roiovtcp iov nqoGioviog xivdvvov* ds av being in so much of approaching danger : but if 11 EV ysvrjiai qtaaiv OE ov anything should be well done, they say that thou wilt not ds EVIOI, ovd' ei rs have remembered : but some say that neither if thou both H?H.VH)O xt fiovl.oio dvvaodat mayest have remembered, and mayest wish, that thou wilt av anodovvai oacc, vniG^v^. be able to give what thou promises!. 6. '0 Kv(jog axovcag tavra, efa%i>' al7.cc said : . Cyrus having heard these ivords, but o) eaw j6* fal/*! avdQsg rj UQPI TJ natQcpa. there is on one hand, to us, Omen, the empire paternal, ov dia fiev (tMtiftt@Qbt* [*E%Qig xavpei towards indeed the south, unto where through heat ov 61 avdQ O.QXTOV I*E%QII; ozov. dia north, unto where it cannot be inhabited through cold : ds 01 rOV 5f CflJiOt E/AOV AfjpOW GaTQCtTtEVOVGlV but the friends of my brother govern all ict sv fteffco rovzcov. the .parts in the middle of these. 72 jZv 7. As. dsi r\v rjUEig vwrjatopev, But if we conquer, it behoves us to make tovg ij[iT()Ovg cpd.ovg syxQarsii; rovrwv. 'Qoze our friends having power over these. So that 2 a. ov dsdoixu. romo ovx den fir] sy ' TOO? cdAa xcc 2. a. ovx f/w [qp /Is xai dwGoa exaGTCp v^ioitv, T(av 'E).h]vwv But to every one of you, the Greeks, I also will give XQVGOVV a golden crown. 8. ds ol avtoi axovaavt$ ravra rs And they themselves hearing these words, both Tfffrw noh) TtQodvfioTEQOi, nai sniffyetiov rot? aXXoig. were much more eager, and reported them to the others. /4s, rs ol CTQarriyoi JIUQ' avrov, xcu rivs? raw And both the generals near him, and some of the aV.caf 'E).J,qv(ov siaqsGotv a&ovvrsg eidsvai .ri eczai other Greeks entered, desiring to know what shall sttv XQCtrrjGcoGtv. s o be to them, if they shall conquer. But he satisfying rr v artavrcov t yvwitTjv the will of all sent tfiem away. 9. As, navxes TtaQsxefavovzo avrcp OGOITISQ And all exhorted him as many as con- yovzo fit] na%6dai, alia rarrsadat oniGdsv versed with him not to fight, but to stand behind OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 73 savrmv. /1e sv TOO rovrat xaiQca K).saQ%o$ themselves. And in this time, Clearchus some- atde riQSTO KVQOV yctQ, oisl aoi, how thus asked Cyrus : why, thinkest thou to thyself, co KVQS, TOV aS&yov (Utxst60ai\ NTJ dia O Cyrus, thy brother about to fight ? Yes, by Jove, SGTl VQO$ q)T], ElTtSQ f JtaiQ aQlOV KOI Cyrus said, if at least he is a son of Darius and xou ovx , ds Efiog adekcpoi; Parysatis, and also my brother, not without a fight ravra. I shall take these realms. 10. Evzavdev dq sv rrj s%ort).tGia There even in the arming, the shield-bearing TCOV Ehtyvcnv eyevsro per [iVQice. xai reTQaxoGia, number of the Greeks were indeed ten thousand and four xdi TsrQaxoGioi hundred, and two thousand and four hundred targeteer- 8s TCOV fiaQfiaQcav fiera KVQOV but the number the barbarians with icere men ; of Cyrus Sexa [ivQiafcg, xai apyi ra SIXOGI ten ten thousand, and about twenty scythe-bearing chariots. 11. de TKIV noksiuKtv steyovro etvai But the number of the enemy was said to be txarov xai SIXOGI fjVQtadeg, xai dtaxoGiee, a hundred and twenty ten thousands, and two hundred scythe-bearing chariots. And there were six thousand 7 74 inrteig cov other horsemen whom Artaerses commanded : but OVTOI t]Gav rsrayn&voi, ngo aGicng avrov. these were drawn up before the king himself. 12. 4s Tjoav TerraQeg ag^ovreg, xcu And there were four commanders, and generals, xat fjyfj.oveg, exaorog TQiaxovra [tvQiadcnv, and leaders, each of thirty ten thousand, Abrocomas, g. z/e Tissaphernes, Gobryas, and Arbaces. But there were, xai sv rig [taffi, TOVTWV evvsvrjxovra nvQiaeg, present in the battle, of these, ninety ten thousand, and fxarov xat aevryxovza dgsncivr^OQa apjuara. FCIQ a hundred and fifty scythe- bearing chariots. For trig fta^^? nevre Abrocomas came after the battle, five days, marching out of Pho3nicia. 13. /if. ol ex TOOV aotefuow aaQct And some from the enemy with the great paaiteoas, avTopotyaavres JIQO rijg JM^//?, tflysM. king, having deserted before the battle, told ravra nqog KVQOV xat [ol x] rwv no\pi 14. dz evravOer KvQog e&Xavvst iva aradfiov, rgsig And thence Cyrus proceeds one station, three xat navri T JOQ qtsro na%etadai army arranged together; for he expected to fight fiuG<).ta Tavrq rrj 'ijfiSQn' yctQ Kara, TOV TOVTOV fiecov the king on that day; for along the middle to , Ttt(f()og rjv OOVXTIJ, fiadeia, svQog pe* station, a ditch was dug, deep, the breadth indeed mt>T OQ-yvicu, 8e TO fiotdog TQEI$ ooyviai. was five fathoms, but the depth three fathoms. z/e dia 15. ^ racpQog Tta.Qf.xs'tu.ro avw And the ditch had been extended up through TOV Jtediov em dwdexa naQctaayyag I*S%QI jow rei^ovg the plain to twelve parasangs unto the wall Mrjdiag. Evda &q siaiv al 8icoov%E$ Qsovadi ct.no of Media. There even are the canals flowing from TOV Ttotapov Tiyqrftog' 8s etcrt rsrraQsg ntedQiaiai the river Tigris; and there are four, each a ple- xai [XT] TO evQoe per, 8s ta%VQ(a$ fiadsicu, thrum as to breadth indeed, and very deep, and ev avraig' s eicaovGi fig corn-carrying vessels sail in them; and they enter into TOV EvcfQarrfV, 8e SiakeutovGi, exaGTT], the Euphrates, and leave between, each, a parasang, 8s yeq.VQai eneiGiv. 4e vtaQ TOV EvcfQarr^ and bridges are over them. And near the Euphrates aiTov qv GTeurj na.Qo.8og utTafcv TOV TToznfiov itself there was a narrow passage between the river xi Tr^g Tctqnov cog TO VQOg ctxofft noSmv. and the ditch, about the breadth of twenty feet. 16. 4tj [isyag fiaGttevg noiei Tavrrp In truth, the great king makes this 76 avri eQVparog, erteidrj itwdavetcu KVQQV ditch for a defence, after he learns by inquiry of Cyrus re xcu 4s KVQOQ fj to be marching, against him. But both Cyrus and the Tavtrp rr^v naQodov, xcu army went over this passage and were ' within the ditth. 17. E ovv ovx Tavrg rq W Q no}.\(t. ifvri xat tnncov xcu not fight, but many tracks, both of horses and of men retreating, were visible. 18. Evravda KVQOS xateaaG 2d.avov TOV A\t- There Cyrus having called Silanus, the Am- avra> braciote soothsayer, gave him three thousand , vti ry 'evdsxarrj cm darics. because on the eleventh from that day, before ov XEQOV \h>jjiEvog evrev avrcp ori fiaGtfavs sacrificing, he said to him that the king will not ovx eri fia%eiTcu dexa rjfieQCor de KvQog^ enter, aita ten but he will not fight for days: Cyrus said, py [ia^sirat er zavrai^ tat rj^QCtig' de at unless then fight all, he fight in these days: but eav tth]Os.vGrig vjtiG^vovficu aoi df.xa rakuvra, if thou shouldst say true, I promise to thee ten talents. OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 77 TOVTO TO XQVGIOV TOTF, CtTtzdcOXEV, cTfEl CU dsXO. qflEQCU This gold then he paid, when the ten days passed. 19. At sjzei paGilfvi; ovx exwlvs cm rr But when the king did not hinder at the ditch TO GiQurfv^a KVQOV diafictivsiv, edo^e xcu the army of Cyrus to go through, he appeared both xai roig aHot? ane'/vcaxsvai rov to Cyrus and to the others to have decided against wave Ty vGtsQaitt KvQog fighting : so that on the next day Cyrus went on more negligent. z/g 20. TTJ TQirrj 7toiiio Tr^v noQtut> is xaOq- But on the third, he made the march both sitting em rov ttQuarog, xai %oav TIQO avrov on the chariot and having before himself few ev Ttt&f, ds TO noh) nizm ETtOQEvero avars- in rank, but the greater part to him went on having zaQaynwov, xai noM.a. roav bn't.wv roi^ aTQaTiwzai been disordered, and many of the arms to the soldiers v xai were carried upon waggons and beasts of burden. CHAPTER VIII. 1. rt, nkrdovaa.v Kai rjdt] tjv apfpi t ayogav, And now it was both about full market time, 7* 78 xai o Gradpog tjv nfafiiov svda and the station was nigh where he was about to xaralvGEiv, qvixa TlaTayvag, UsQGijg UVIJQ, conclude the march, when Patagyas, a Persian man, TOW JIIGTWV ajwqpt KVQOV, 7tQO XQarog TOJ frtncp iSqavni. xai evdvg Epoa speed, with his horse sweating: and directly he called out naaiv 01$ i>ETvy%avev xai aQciQixcos xcu to all whom he met both in barbarian and in Greek, ort fiaailsvs JZQoasQXPiai cvv noM.< GTQam'uan, (as that the king approaches with a great army, as having been prepared for battle. Ik 2. Evda drj nokvg raQa%o$ j'gi/TO* VUQ ot confusion for There truly much ensued ; the EMt]VE<; 8s xou aavrss sdnxovv [vro>'] eniTtsGEiGdai Greeks, and even all, thought him about to fall upon them unarranged. 3. Kai KvQog xarant]8i]Gag ano rov And Cyrus having leapt down from the chariot, 2. . 2 a. evedv re rov ftcoQaxa, xai ava^ag em rov mnov put on both the breast-plate, and mounting on his horse . . nttkrce, TE naci flaps ra sis tag "j/^EiQag jtaotjyysl.l.EV took the javelins into his hands, and ordered all roig aMoig %orth&GOeu, xcu xadiGTacdai the others to arm themselves, and to place themselves exaorov eig rrjv ra^iv savrov. each in the rank of himself. OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 79 4. EvOa dt] GVV TZoAL? GTtovdy xadiaravro, There truly with much haste they placed them- Ktea,Q%os e%cov fiev ra de%ia TOV xfQaTog, selves, Clearchus having indeed the right of the wing, io) ds agog 7torci(icp EvcpQaTq, UQO^evos s^op.fvog, close to the river Euphrates, but Proxenus having his de ol alJ.oi fjiera TOVTOV. As Msvwv xai men next, but the others after him. But Menon and TO GrQaiev^a t%e TO evcovvpov xcp? zov his army had the left wing of the Greek force. 5. Je per irtftsig, ncufhayovsc;, fig But on the one hand, horsemen, Paphlagonians, to ev tact siq), xf TO a thousand, stood near Clearchus on the right, and to EM.TjVI.XOV Jts'ktCtGTMOV', ds EV T(p EVKtVV^Ca T Grecian peltastic force; but on the left boih j4Qiaio QIXOV. rian farce. 6. //e KvQog xat injtsig fiETa UVTOV 'e^axoaioi But Cyrus and the horsemen with him, six hundred, avroi xaTa TO [isGOv (onafAEvoi (J.EV were in the middle, having themselves indeed been xai armed with breast-plates, and with thigh-armor, and all XQctvsat rihqv KVQOV. 4s KvQog, e^tov Ttjv with helmets except Cyrus. But Cyrus, having the xadiaTaTO rv ' dz xai i't.rjv ei$ rtjv f^ax i head bare, placed himself in the battle. But also 80 rovg akkovg IIsQGag tydaig rcug xsq>K}.a,tg it is said that the other Persians, with bare heads, ev rco n battle undergo danger. 7. //g daavreg ol Innoi, oi n*ra KVQOH t%ov But all the horses, those with Cyrus had TtQopsrcoTtidia xeu 7t(joorsQn8ici' ds ol forehead-coverings, and breast-coverings; and the xat si%ov men also had Grecian swords. 8. Kai T]dt] rjv rs peaov qpEQag, xat And now it was both the middle of the day, and ovTto) tjffav ol notenioi xazayaveig" 8s qvixa not yet was the enemy visible: but when the syevsTo, eyctvt] afternoon came on, there appeared a dust raised, as a ds ov Gv%i>q> \_%f>ov(p] VGTEQOV, white cloud, but not in much \time] after, as rts pelatva sv rep ttzdup eni7to).v de something black in the plain to much extent. But OTS syiyvovro EyyvrtQOV xt when they were nearer and quickly now some brass xat at oy%ai xat at raeig syiyvovro xara 9. Kai riaav iJtrteig fiev And there were horsemen with white breast- em rov evrnvvpov rcov plates, upon the left of the enemy. Tissaphernes eXeyero UQ^SIV avroav de e%opevoi rovrmv was said to command them: but those next them OR, THE ASCENT OP CYRUS. Ql ysfiQoqsoQOf 8s %opvoi were armed with wicker shields: and those next were GVV %v).ivcug aartiaiv heavy-armed men, with wooden shields reaching to their (ds OVTOI sfoyovro sivai Aiyvnnoi]) ds allot, feet, (and these were said to be Egyptians;) but others, irtTiEig, cM.ai, To|oTt. /tf. navrsg OVTOI v.u.T(t horsemen, others, bowmen. But all these according sdvi], ixaaTOv TO edvog ertOQSVETO sv jilaiGtot to their nations, every - nation went on in an oblong full of men. -, 10. Je JtQO avTwv aQ^aTa diafaiTtovra cvyvov And before them were chariots, leaving much an allqlwr, xalovusva TO, dQKitavrjcpOQa, space between each other, called the scythe-bearing, ds Eiftov Ta dQSTiava a7tOTTa.^.eva x TMV alEovwv and they had the scythes extended out of the axles xat vno ((,* nkayiov fiteftovTa. Toig diygoig into an oblique direction, and looking under the seats OTO) ., y^ cog 8icmoitTtiv evrv^oiev. to the ground, so as to cut through whatever they might // elcovr&v r\ fVK>\nr\ r\v, tag meet. But the design was, so as from their being about TCOV ..rv(ov xt ia~ etg Tasig t t to drive into the ranks of the Greeks, and about xoibovrwv. to cut through. 11. '0 KvQog fienoi tinsv, OT xateaag What Cyrus, however, said, when having called 82 Hv dfiaa ig. TOIQ 'E^rjai avs^sadat rtjv XQavyrjv TOJV he exhorted the Greeks to sustain the shout of the TOVTO' VO.Q ov barbarians, he was deceived in this ; for not with a shout, K>g avvGTOv, xat but in silence as it was possible, and quietly they came on sv iffy xai in an equal step, and slowly. 12. Kai v TovTOp KvQog avtog nctoflMwcov aw And in this time Cyrus himself riding past with xai rep eQ[JirjVi IQIGIV i] zerraQGt Pigres, the interpreter, and with three or four fjSoa TO> KfaaQxa ayeiv TO others, called out to Clearchus to lead the army Kara to fisoov raw jioisfitcov, on fiaai.).EVg eirj against the middle "of the enemy, that the king may be xet* xat av vMcofifv TOVTO, eg)}/, aavra. there; and if we conquer this, said he, all has been done for us. 13. z/ o Kkectn%o$ OQOJV TO fisaor But Clearchus seeing the center body of soldiers, xat axovo)v KVQOV fiaaitea ovra. f|oj rov and hearing from Cyrus of the king being beyond the TOGOVTW left of the Grecian army, (for the king by s - much ware TO jtenirjv rt).T]9Ei t f^fov psaw tavrov, excel \e&in number, so that having the center of his own rov ip> fo army, he was beyond the left of Cyrus,) but never- OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 3 a0 ovx tjev artoanaaat TO theless Clearchus was not willing to draw away the g cuio zov nora^ov, cpoftovperos [it] right wing from the river,. fearing lest he might sxazeQwdsi'' de artfXQivuzo T&J KVQOJ, ozi be surrounded on each side: but he replied to Cyrus, that avzca a care to so that be [affairs] may be him, they may well. 14. Kai tv rovrcp rep xaiQca ro And in this time the barbarian army fiev Ttgor^ii on&lmg' tie ro 'Ehtyvixov en indeed had advanced evenly : but the Grecian still sv zcp avrq) avvsrarrtro fx row remaining in the same place was arranged out of those ert rtQOGiovraw. Kai o KvQog jtaQshavvoav ov naw yet approaching. And Cyrus riding past not very TtQog avT(p zcp azQazEvpazi, xazfdeazo exuzEQOvg anodev, near to the army itself, surveyed each from afar, outofitenmv is. zovg noiefiiovs re rovg tpihovs. looking both at the enemy and those friendly. 15. z/g Sevocpoav Adrpouog iSwv avzov ano And Xenophon, an Athenian, seeing him from row EM.rjVtxov v7td.aGag we avvavrrjaai, the Grecian line, having ridden up as if to meet him, IJQEZO, si not.(iayys^oi rt ds smazqaas asked, if he may order any thing, and he having stopped siTts, xou exaleve [avrov] foysiv naaiv, ozi his horse, spoke, and ordered [him] to say to all, that ra ret ISQO. xcu ocpavia fit] xal.a. the sacrifices and the victims were fair. 84 16. // teywv ravra, qxovas Q-OQV^OV lovrog And saying these words, he heard a bustle going dia TOJV xat o T|OM>, IJQEZO, rig &OQV^og sir]. through the ranks, and asked, what the bustle maybe? As. TO Zsvoywv EITIEV, on Gvvdrjfia tjdt] naQfo- And Xenophon said^ that the sign agreed on now passes dsvTSQOV. Kai 6g sdavpaae, r^ a second time. And he wondered, what one xt rjQtzo, on xai tiif TO orders, and asked, what even may be the sign ds, o anexQtvaro, 6ri ZET2 agreed on? But he answered, that it was Jupiter, 2&THP KAI NIKH. the Preserver, and victory! 17. de, 6 KvQog axovaag, stpjj cd.la re And Cyrus having heard it, said, But I both As, ds^ofjiai, xt CCTTCO TOVTO. emwv ravra, receive it, and let it be this. And having said this, ei$ ti\v savrov he rode away to his own place, and the two armies ovv. anf.iff.iriv en an a'k.hjl.av, TQIU i] were distant not yet from each other, three or four oradia, qnxa ol 'EMqves rs enaian&v, xoa stadia, when the Greeks both sung the pean, and t]Q%ovro IEVCU artioi roig began to go against the enemy. 18. 4e (os TtOQEvopevmv, cig rr^g But as from them proceeding, some part of the , to tadetftofitvov tjQ^ato -&EIV phalanx started out, the part being left began to go on OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. Q5 xat oiov ja Jtavrsg s 19. df. TtQlV TO^V[ia %MVElodat, 01 But before that an arrow reached them, the xx).ivovaiv roig iitaoig, xt barbarians turn away with their horses, and flee. Kcu dq evravdsv f^ev ol E^tjvsg edicoxov And even there indeed the Greeks pursued accord- ds XCCTO, efiocov alhikoig, ^ ing to their might, and called out to each other, not to &etv dgoficp, alX tTtsaOai ev T|EI. go on in a run, but to follow in rank. //e 20. ra aQpara s^egero, ra (isv dia But the chariots were borne, some indeed through rcav nolsfuow avroav, ds rot. xt Sia rwv the enemy themselves, but some also through the 2. a. t east El&rp&*l xeva rjvio^cav. As ot, TtQoidoiev, Greeks, empty of drivers. But they, when they foresaw, 8u6ravro' ds ecm oong xai Mars- stood asunder; but tfiere was some one who also was taansQ seized on, being struck withfear as in a race course; xai eyaaav [isvroi ovds rovrov nadeiv and they said, however, that neither did this one suffer in 8 86 ovdsv, de ovde cdlog ovSsig fmv anything, but neither did any other of the Greeks ovdsv ev eni enadev ravrq ri] |a^, rthrjv rep suffer any thing in this battle, except upon the rig left, one was said to have been wounded with an arrow. "21. /7e KvQog OQOJV rovg 'EM-qvag nxtovrag xai But Cyrus seeing the Greeks conquering and dicaxovrag TO [cTQarevfia] xara avrovg, ^So- pursuing the [army] opposed to themselves, being fisvog xat TtQoaxvvovfiEvog qdq (as paattevg vno delighted, and being worshipped now as king by TOW aucfi avrov, ovds &]%dri a).7.a e%a)v rrjv raiv rcov Qaxoauov inntmv but having the body of the six hundred horsemen ovvsajzeiQdfjisvrjV aw 'eavTcp snsfisJifiro formed in close order with himself, he watched carefully 6 Tt fiaaifavg aoitjasi. FQLQ xou ydsi avrov, ail what the king shall do. For he also knew him, that #ot IJLEGOV rov USQGIXOV he holds the middle of the Persian army. 22. As. Y.OU, navreg ot aQ%ovreg row But also all the commanders of the bar 3V, E%ovreg TO peaov ccvrccw, jyyovrro, barians, having their own center, led, thinking ev avrwv fivai xai 'ovtmg aacpafaGTaTCp, r\v rj ia%vg to be also thus in most security, if the strength of them xai et ij exarsQcadsv, xgy^oiev naiQay- should be on each side, and if they should want to order OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 97 TI, TO GTQaTEVfia aiadaveadai sv fjfUGEi %QOvq>. any thing, that the army shall, perceive in half the time. 23. Kai dt] TOTS, fiaGttevg Eftoav [JIEGOV Ttjg And even then, the king having the center of the ECO TOV GTQaTiag lavrov, syeveto 6ftoc> army of himself, was nevertheless beyond the EVOJW^OV KEQttTOS KvQOV. /4s ETtEl OvSstg E(ta%TO left wing of Cyrus. But when no one fought aiTftj ex TOV Evaniov, ovdt TOIS against him from the opposite side, nor against those vrov, enexauJZTEV w? eig drawn up before himself, he wheeled as if for xvxloaatv. surrounding. 24. Evda KvQog 8q deiaag, fit] yevo^vog, There Cyrus really fearing, lest being, ortiadsv, xaraxot^T^ TO 'EHrfnxov, ehawet in the rear, he might cut down the Greek army, moves on avrtog [rep $aaitei\' xcu, efipahwv aw Totg direct against \theking]: and, charging with the s^axoaioig, vixa rovg TSTay^ifvovg JIQO @a.Gi).s(g, six hundred, conquers those drawn up before the king, xat ETQstye Tovg e%axia%ihovg eis (pv^rjv xai avrog and turned the six thousand into flight; and he aftoxTEivat rq %EIQI eavtov QTaysQGtjv, TOV is said to have killed with his own hand Artagerses, the aq^ovra. avrcav. commander of them. 25. At ol tog f) TQont] EVEVSTO, k^axoGiot But as the turn was made, the six hundred of 88 ^v la. KVQOV oQfirjGavreg, xat diaajtsiQorrai etg ro di(axii> : Cyrus having moved on, also are dispersed in the pursuit: rikrp Tiaw ohyot o%sdov 01 -/.(U.nvuevoi ojworga- except a very few, nearly those called table- Jte&i, xarsleujidqaav aiiqi avrov. companions, were left about him. 26. As, wv aw rovroig, xadoga paaitea, xat But being with these, he beholds the king, and exsivov TO GTiqiog ufjicpi xat evdvg ovx qvea- the guard about him : and directly he did not with- aV*ct eiitoiv, o^w TOV avdQot, lf.ro erf hold himself, but saying, I see the man, rushed upon tvrov, xat itais.1, Kara ro GreQvov, xat him, and strikes at the breast, and wounds him diet rov #o>()axo, tog Kryatag 6 larQog through the breast-plate, as Ctesias, the physician, iaadai yqaiv, xat avrog cptjGi says, and he says that he was employed to heal TO the wound. 27. Je rig fiiaiwg Ttafacp axovrt&i But some one violently with a javelin smites avrov aaiovra, vno rov ocfdatyov xat evravdct the and there him whilst striking, under eye ; xat fiaad^vg xat KvQog paxopevoi, xat ol both the king and Cyrus fighting, and those about avrovg VTCBQ sxarfQOv, onoaot fisv roar them for each, how many indeed of those about anedavov, Kryaiag Icyet (yap yv Ctesias tells near the king died, us, (for he was OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. gg 8s KvQog avrog re ansOavs, xou oxrco, ol to him,) but Cyrus himself also died, and eight, the rcav nsQi dvrov, exsivro eai avrcp. best of those about him, lay upon him. 28. ds 4gianct.trig o jtiarorarog avrcp row But Artaphates, the most faithful to him of the leyerat, eneidt] eide KVQOV attendant scepter- bearers, is said, after he saw Cyrus narajtrjSrjaas ctno rov ircnov, having fallen, leaping down from the horse, is said to have fallen on him. ol 29. Kai fjiev qiaai fiamfaa x&svaai And some indeed declare that the king ordered ziva smacpa^at avrov KVQOJ, de oi some one to slay him on Cyrus, but some affirm him anaaaftsvov rov axivaxqv emacpa^eu savrov ya.Q having drawn the scimetar, to have killed himself; for El%G XQVGOVV, dE Xt fCpOQSl GTQETtZOV, XCU he had a golden one, but he also wore a chain, and ol rcav , xai ra a/.).u, ($ ayiGzoi bracelets, and other things, as the best of the Persians; X re 810. yaQ srerifitfTo vno KVQOV for he had been honored by Cyrus both on account of evvoiav xou marorijra. good-will and fidelity. 8* 90 ^vdaaig- - CHAPTER IX. f _ . . 1. 'Orao ftsv ovv KvQog vel.evri]Gv, on> rs Thus indeed then Cyrus died, being both 2 a. j3a<7(?.ixo0raTO roav USQGCOV ysvopevwv pera KVQOV the most kingly of all the Persians existing after Cyrus TOV o.Q%ouovi v.o.1 apT ftavrcov rav doxovvrow ysvEGdat ev by all those appearing to have been in the expe- KVQOV. rience of Cyrus. 2. J"aQ TtQwiov per tov sti ncug, ore For first indeed being yet a boy, when xat aw io> adelqxp xou GVV roig he was tauht both with the brother and with the evomTO XQanatog narrow other boys, he was thought the best of all in Ttavra. all things. 3. FctQ Ttavres 01 rtaides rcav aQiarav TIsQffojv For all the sons of the best Persians ncudevovrou e.m raig frvQaig fiaGifamg' tvdct per are taught at the gates of the king; there indeed ds rig ctv xarapadoi no}.Xrjv (Toogppoo'w^v, son one may learn much wisdom, but it is possible ovre axovaai ovre idfiv ovdev cua%QOv. neither to hear nor to see any thing base. OR, THE ASCENT OP CYRUS. 91 4. /ts ol aaidfg xai dstavrai xai axovGi TOV? But the youths also see and hear of those rtfiojpsvovs vno ^acutaro?, xat a).l.ovg arifia^o^svovg, being honored by the king, and others being dishonored, wars ovrsg Ttaidsg evdvg [tavdavovoiv re so that being youths, they immediately learn both xai to rule and to be ruled 5. Evda KvQog fisv sdoxsi eivai, rtQtorov, There Cyrus indeed seemed to be, first, aid^fiovsGrarog rcov fjhxow, rs nndsGdai roig the most modest of his equals in age, and to obey the XCU elders even more than his own inferiors; 8s snsirct, cpihrtrtOTarog, xcu %Qt]Gdcu roig I but moreover very fond of horses, and to use horses OQlGTCt. /Is SXQIVOV O.VTOV Xttl SIVCU TCITOV Xai (j.l.Tr]QOTaTOV tOOV QyWl ig TOV of learning, and most studious of operations for nokfuov, rs rofyxtjg xai axovriaswg. war, and of archery and of dart throwing. 6. Z/ 7tl 7tQ7t But when it became his age, he was also fondest dyQorarog, xai fisvroi qidoxtvdvvorarog fCQog ra fir^ta. of hunting, and even fondest of danger against wild beasts Kai TtOTS OVX TQGSV UQXTOV Jtl cvp.7tG(av xarsGrtaGOq ano TOV Innov, xai falling together he was drawn down from the horse, and 92 per ra wv xat EI%S rag suffered indeed the wounds, of which also he had the cpavsgagi ds r&og xarsxravs' xa/. ETtoiyGEv scars visible, but at last he killed him: and he made, [iEvroi rov ^orjOrjoavra nQcorov (laxaQiarozarov however, the one helping first greatly to be con- nolloig. gratulated by many. 7. JE ETZEI xaTErtEncpdq vno TOW TtarQog, But when he was sent by his father, satrap T dvdiag Mai rr^g peyatyg tygvyiag, xat Kartna- both of Lydia, and of Great Phrygia, and of Cappa- doxiag, ds xat ajt8ei%dt] GTQaTqyog navrtov, oig docia, but also was declared general of all, whom xadqxei adgoiQadai eig nsdiov KdGtoiXov, it becomes to be assembled in the plain of Castolus, vrov fisv STtsEiv on noioiro first indeed he showed himself that he made it of much TtfalGZOV, 1 GftlGairO Tft>, XOt 1 importance, if he made a treaty with one, and if he Gvvdoiro rep, xat tutoG^oiro ri TQ), made a contract with one, and if he promises something to one, to deceive in nothing. 8. Kai ovv at Tto'ktig 7tiTQito[t.vai And therefore the cities being committed, trusted pv avrcp $ ol avdQEg STtiGZsvov, xat t rig indeed in him, but the men trusted, and if any noiEpiog KVQOV was hostile, Cyrus having made a treaty with him, OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 93 av nadfiv pydev noQa rag he would suffer nothing contrary to the GTtovdag. treaty. 9. ToiyaQOVV ETtSI E7to}.[>lt]G8 Wherefore when he made war on Tissaphernes, al noteig SXOVGCU, e'dovro KVQOV avri all the cities being willing, chose Cyrus before ds ovroi TiGGasQrovg, ri),rp> MI^GICOV syofiovvro Tissaphernes, except the Milesians; but these feared avrov, on ovx qdefa nqotGdai rovg him, because he was not willing to abandon those fleeing away. 10. xcu FaQ xcu srtsdEMWto >yq), sfayev, OKI For also he showed by deeds, and said, that ovx nors av TtQootro . enei ana^ eysvero not ever would he abandon them, when once he became (pi).os avroiq, ovds si sri fisv yevowro psiovg, a friend to them, nor if yet indeed they might be worse, de xai MI ttQa&iav xaxiov. but even yet might do worse. 11. Jf, si t\v cpavfQog, xat rig TtottjGsisv But he was visible, if also any one would do avrov ri ayaOov t\ xaxov, TtsiQGopsvog vixnv, him some good or bad thing, trying to conquer, ds nvsg xai e%(pQOv EVffiv avrov, tog V%oiro but some also mentioned a wish of his, that he wished yv roGovrov %QOVOV, sore vixcot] xat rovg to live so long a time, until he may surpass also those 94 Jiv sv Ttoiovvrag, xai a^e^o^evog rovg noiovrrag treating him well, and warding off those treating him badly. ovv 12. Kai yaQ 8j] nteiaroi ye And therefore even most men indeed desired svi TCOV avrq>, avdQi cg>' r^imv not to give up to him, one man of those in our time, both XQijUara xai nofaig xai ra GWftaTa savrcnv. their property and cities, and their persons. , 13. Ov [tv St] ovds rig av eirtot, TOVTO, oag Neither indeed even can any one say this, that eia rovg xaxovfryovg xat aSixovg xarayekav, he permitted the evil-doers and unjust to deride, cd?. acpsiSsGrara, erifitaQSiro rtavrcov. /Is rjv but most unsparingly punished all. And it was idsiv TtoMMXig rtaQct rag GTEifiofievag odovg, possible to see often near the trodden roads, GTSQOVpsvovg xai noScnv xai %EIQG)V xcu men deprived both of feet and hands and WGTS ev Tq ct-Qffl TOV KVQOV, eyevero eyes, so that in the dominion of Cyrus, there xai EM.IJVI xai fiaQJiaQcp, was pr tecti n both to a Greek and to a barbarian, aSixovvri firjdev, noQevscdai dSsdjg onoi Tig injuring nothing, to go fearlessly whither anyone S^OVtl On rtQO%K)QOlTJ. wished, having whatever he may get. ' 14. ^(lolo-j'tjro fisrtoi ye He has been acknowledged, however, at least OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 95 rtfiav diaqiEQOvroog rovg ot.ya.0ovg tig no).s[jiov. Kcu to honor extremely the brave in war. And ftsr TtoXs^og tjv avrcp rtQog IJeiaidag first indeed war was to him against the Pisidians xat Mvaovg' xat arQarVO[ivog ovv avrog and Mysians : and moving with an army therefore himself eig ravrag rag %a)Qag t ovg swQtt sdehovrag into these places, wham-soever he saw willing Tovrovg xat enoiti to be in danger, these also he made commanders of %o)Qag xaTE EtlflO, honored them with other gifts. 15. 'i2aT6 rovg ayadovg p.ev cpcuveaOai So that the brave indeed appeared to be s rovg xaxou? most fortunate, but the cowardly to be thought worthy ' dovhovg rovrmv. Toiyaqovv [TJV] to be the slaves of these. Wherefore there [was] a great atpdona rcov eds^ovroav xwdvvsvstv, ortov rig plenty of those willing to be in danger, when any one oioiro KVQOV cuadqasadat. may think Cyrus about to perceive him. 16. 8DtKioffwrv i Fepqv sig t rig ywono tpaveQog But as to justice, if any might be visible, fiovlonsvog 7tidixwGdai, TIEQI rtavrog to him, wishing to show it, beyond every thing, 96 ^v enoisiro noisiv rovrovg JtlovGiwzsQovs rtov he caused to make these richer than those q>d.oxQdovrrcov EX rov adtxov. , seeking gain by injustice. 17. Kai yog ovv rs rtolka. alka And therefore both many other things justly avrtp, xat E%Qt]Garo were managed by him, and he made use of a real Faq xai GrQartj-yoi xat Ao^ayoi army. For also generals and captains sailed EXSIVOV ov svexu XQrifiaTOJv, a east to him, not on account of money, but when epoxrar sivcu KeQda^sonsQov, xahog aeidaQ%eiv they knew it to be more profitable, honorably to obey TO xara KvQcp, ij xegdog [Aqva. Cyrus, than the gain for a month. 18. AlJ.cn, (iqv si rig ye xaAoo? But indeed if any one at least fairly might aeisv avrop rtQOGra^avri n, ovdsvi nojitore serve him, having ordered any thing, to no one even EiaGE rrjv TtQoOvniav [sivai] a%a.QiGrov. ToiyaQOvv did he suffer his zeal [to be] unrewarded. Therefore drj XQctriGTOi vrttjQETai nctvrog EQyov E\e.%driGa.v even the best servants of every deed were said ytvEGdai KVQOO. to be to Cyrus. 19 JE EI OQqrt] two, onct But if he saw any one being a powerful oixovofiov EX rov dixaiov xat xaraoxsva^ovra rs domestic manager by justice, and improving both OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 97 fa <*Q%oi, xat noiovvra ngoaodovg, the country which he rules, and making in-comings, ovdeva av nwnors aysifaro, ak.\a xat from no one ever would he take away, but even rtQoaedidov nisiw ware xat enovovv qdscog, added more; so that they also labored pleasantly, xat exrwvTO aQQaemg, xat av a Tig and acquired boldly, and again what one had pos- qxiara sxQVrtrev KVQOV yog ov sessed, least did he conceal themfrom Cyrus : for he did not sfpaivrio roig %Qtftta,ai rwv trying to use the wealth of those concealing it. 20. Tffjr/v oaovg aoiTjGaao q>i).ovg, xat But whomsoever he would make friends, and yvoirj onag svvovg xat XQIVEIE knew them as being well affected, and judged them to be xavovg aw^yovg, on rvy%avEi able co-operators, whatever he happens wishing i, 6(io).oytrcu nqog rtavrmv yf.vf.cQ 0.1 to effect, he is confessed by all to have been even the best to attend to this. 21. fag xat rovro avrc OVJISQ For even this very thing even of which avrog evsxa yiXcov cpero dsiaOai, tag he himself on account of friends thought to require, that #ot avvsQjovg, xat avrog lie might have co-operators, and he himself tried 9 98 fifcu rot^ qil.otj xoariGTOj awtQfOg rorrw, orov to be to friends the best helper of this, of whatever cuadaroao txaaror efitOvfiovrtcu he perceived every one desirous. ); uir tor 22. otuai us jv;p ye, But indeed I think, he being one man at least, Sta rto/.).(t f/MuJars rikuffia. 8s 5r dwtja, t received for many reasons, most gifts, but even nan most of all men, he distributed these to friends, axoxan' jrpo> ror ryoxor exaazov, xai OTOV looking to the manner of every one, and of whatever excunmr dsoperov. he especially perceived every one desirous. 23. Kou oaa tig xfuxot xoauov And whatever things any one may send as an or- T x/J.w.7/(7ua>-, x(u tyttGav aanov 'wyfiv finery, and they declared him to speak about on TO Gcoua eavtov ovx oa these things, thus that the person of himself he may not per dvrcuro KOGfUfacu naai TOVTOI^ de indeed be able to adorn with all these, but may think qri/.mv xa/.eo,- xfxoGurjttrovj, [firot] neyurror friends fairly adorned, [to be] the greatest ornament to a man. 24. K(u [itr TO nxnr TOIV And indeed that he surpassed his friends OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 99 noiowra sv ra psyala oirfsv well doing great things, is nothing to be wondered at, since ds ye. tp> xcu dvvarcorsQog' ro neQieivcu at least he was also more able; but that he should be ia xwv cpilwv xai rep nQ superior in the care of his friends, and in the being eager i, Tavra doxet e^oi^e eivai pallor to gratify, these seem to me at least to be more admirable. 25. FctQ KvQog snsfiJts TtoMaxtg ^idseig fitxovg For Cyrus sent often half-empty jars otvov, onore ?.j3ot naw qdw, fa-yaw OTI of wine, whenever he took any very sweet, saying, that dtj nollov XQOVOV eniTv%oi oivcp not yet truly for a long time had he happened on wine TjdlOVt TOVTOV, OVV 7tS^l\V TOVTOV dOt, Xt sweeter than this: therefore he sent this to thee, and GOV exitieiv rovrov rqpeQOv aw oig requires of thee to drink this to-day with \vhomsoeve? thou most lovest. 26. de nollaxtG enemas ^fti^Qmrovg fflvag, xai But often he sent half-eaten geese, and ^f/t(T a^rcof, xat al).a rotavra, xslevrnv rov halves of loaves, and other such tilings, ordering the STtileysw KVQOS one carrying them to say besides : Cyrus was delighted 100 rovroig, ovv j3ovA,Tt ffc xat ysvaaa-dai with these, he therefore wishes thee also to taste rovroov A , < of them. 27. z/e oTtov %il.og sit] naw Gitanog, ds But wherever fodder might be very scarce, but avrog s8vva.ro TtaQaGXEvaaaadcu dia ro %EH> he himself was able to procure it through having 7toM.ovg vmjQsrag xai dia rrp Empsfoiav, dians^Ttcov many servants and through care, sending it rovg qn'kovg Exefave efiflahheiv rovrovrov among his friends, he ordered them to throw this toig rtrtoig ayovciv TO, GmpaTa sdviwv, tag fodder to the horses carrying the persons of them, that (jitj aywGiv rovg qikovg 'savrov, Ttsivwvreg. they may not carry the friends of himself, hungering. 28. /Je ei d)] TIOTS TtOQSvoiro xat But if even at any time he was journeying, and TtteiGiot itshiotev oyeGdai TtQOGxakmv rovg cpdovg many were about to see him calling to his friends , ig he would discourse seriously, that he might show those (av ovg rifia' wGre cyooyg, ? xova, whom he honors: so that I at least, from what I hear, XQIVCO ovdsva, ovre 'EHqvcov, ovrs judge no one, either of the Greeks, or of barbarians, vno to have been loved by more people. 29. de xcct rods rsx^TjQiov rovtov ovdsig per And also this is a, proof of it : no one indeed OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. JQ1 TtQog fiuGilea jraQa KVQOV, ovrog dovlov, departed to the king from Cyrus, being his subject nlrv ds ovrog { O(>orrag ens'/^iQ^as' xat, tayy only Oront.es attempted it; and he also, soon ivy? avrof ov (pero etvai marov ol qptXat- ibutid him whom he thought to be faithful to him, more 'eavrar de ri-yov KvQ(p, t\ na-Qo. fiaadsmg friendly to Cyrus than to himself; but from the king noV.oi anrj.dov TZQO$ KVQOV, efiei eyevorro rtolffuoi many came to Cyrus, when they became hostile xat o ovroi fievrot fi to each other, and these, however, those most tin avrov, rofii&vrsg, [ovrsg ayadoi beloved by him, thinking, [being brave with av KVQCO,] rvy%aviv auoTQas Tifiqg, q naqa. Cyrus,] they would obtain worthier honor, than with the king. 30. As, 'TO ywofievov avt(p EV ry refavrij tov But the affair having occurred to him in the end fiiov [e 31. FUQ awov anodvrjaxovTog, navrsg 01 (pilot For he dying, all the friends xat GWTQaae&i naya avtov, anf.Qa.vw [ia^Ofjievoi and table-companions with him, died, fighting 9* 102 Ss vntQ KVQOV, n\rp> AQIOUOV ovrog to be over Cyrus, except Ariaeus: but he happened rov rsraypevog EJti rq> svcawfiO), OQ%(nv the posted upon the left, commanding cavalry, 3 *.. . ds tog rjafaro KVQOV Tiemcaxora. he but when he perceived Cyrus having fallen, fled, xcu s%(ov nav TO G-tQarevpa, v and having all the army, which he led. CHAPTER X. '*-.-* -K>ri ,-^'f '<'*'. Jte*6-' ^4 1. Evravdct drj q xecpcd.*] KVQOV There even the head of Cyrus is cut off, xot At, ot GVV r\ defya %MQ. fiaadsvg (xot avtco) and the right hand. But the king (and those with him) 5XXCO)' EldJttTtTEl MS TO KVQSIOV GTQaTOTCsdoV Xt pursuing, falls into the Cyrean camp; and ot pv [isra AQULIOV ovxen iarancu, a).\ct those indeed with Ariaeus no more stand, but tpevyovai dia rov GTQarojtedov avzwv fig rov flee through the camp of them into the evOsv vro. ds araOfiov K>Qiirt steyovro station, whence they had been moved; and there were stvai rsrraQsg na.QaGa.yya.1 rrjg odov. said to be four parasangs of the road. 2. Js ol fidaitevg xcu GVV avrcp re oict.QnaL,ovGi But the king and those with him both plunder to. noM.a a\\a xat /ta^ayct rtp> rrjv Ttu/J.axtSa KVQOV rt^v foyop.VT]i> eivai woman, the concubine of Cyrus, the one reported to be xai and fair. 3. z/e r\ Mityaia i\ vscarsQO, But the Milesian woman, the younger, being taken vno rmv apopi fiaoil.sa, wcpsvysi yv(j.i>r] ngog raw by those about the king, escapes naked to the o .rv%ov v roig Greeks, who happened to lx among the baggage-cattle, xt avrncc^Evreg aasxreivav having arms, and being drawn up in opposition, they killed noKkovg fisv rmv dQTta&vrcav, ds oi xcu many indeed of those plundering, but some also avrwv artsdavov. ov ^v ye ecpvyov of them died; not indeed at least did they flee, but xc eacoaav ravrtjv, xat eacoGav aavra ra even saved this woman, and saved all the other xat aa ^Qtj^ttra xat avdQwnoi eysvovro enog things, and what property and men were with avrcov. them were saved. 4. Evravda re fiaaikevg xat ot E^veg dtea%ov There both the king and the Greeks were distant tag rQiaxovra aradia, ol pey dioMovrsg rovg about thirty stadia, these indeed pursuing, those xa#' eavrovg, tog mxcovrsg ttavtag, 8s oi those against themselves, as conquering all, and wg rjrj vixavrsg aavrag* plundering as now conquering all. 104 5. Je ev axevo- g GVV T av qxovae TtGGarpeQvovt; on cattle, but the king again heard from Tissaphernes that ol 'EU-r^eg rixcpev TO xaff eavrovg, the Greeks were conquering the army opposed to them, xcu OI^OIVTO ettf TO TiQoadsv fitcoxofre?, evravda and had gone away in the distance pursuing, there per aQOii tovg savrov indeed the king on his part assembles those of himself, xi avvraTisrou' de 6 KteaQ%og, xafaaag and arranges them, together; but Clearchus, having called IlQO&vov, (yaQ tp> TtkriGicuronos,) spovfaro Proxenus, (for he was nearest,) was deliberating ft nt^noisv nvctg, y Jtavreg loiev em TO if he should send some, or all should go to the GTQO.TO7tf.8oV aQr^OVTEg. camp about to help. 6. Ev Tovrtp fiaaifavi; TJV na\iv In this time the king was again apparently TIQOGUOV, wtf e5oxet oniadev. Kai oi Eltyveg approaching, as it seemed, from behind. And the Greeks Giovreg xcu ds^ofifvot rainy de 6 vancing, and about to receive tftem in this way; but the ovx JM yyev ravr^ 8s g did not king indeed in the same way lead, but in OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. JQ5 % ravrrj xai anrf/ayw, avakafiow xai rovg in that way also he led back, having taken up also those sv avropoltjGavrag rrj pv-m rtgog zovg 'EM.qva$, xai having deserted in the battle to the Greeks, and xai rovg GVV avrcp, Tissaphernes, and those with him. 7. ovx Fag TtGoacpEQvqg eyvysv sv rr} For Tissaphernes did not flee hi the first avvoSq>, H dufiaas tiara, rovg 'Ektyvag nelraarag engagement, but charged against the Greek peltasts rov nora^ov de 8i^.avva)v xarexave juev ovdeva, near the river; but driving he killed indeed no one, de diaoravrsg ol 'El.XrjVeg enaiov xt qxovri^ov but standing asunder, the Greeks struck and shot at avrovg' 8s EmodKvi-^ 3tftq>ifftolMii'' rjQ%e them: but Episthenes, the Amphipolite, commanded rtav Ttel.raGrow, xat steyero yeveadat, (fQovifiog. the peltasts. and was said to be intelligent. ^e o iGGaysQvqg cag s%cov fisiov v.nr- But Tissaphernes, as having the worst, was re- \itv ovx avaGrgecpsi nal.iv, ds ayixopevog moved indeed does not return but ; again, coming et$ ro GrgaroTtedov rmv 'EHrjvwv, SXEI avvrayyavsi into the camp of the Greeks, there he meets xai q naiv fiov the king, and even back together being arranged they were going on. 106 ^v 9. At 7tfi qaav XUTO. TO evmvvp,ov But when they were opposite the left wing raw 'EMijvwv, ol 'Ehtyveg edeiaav, pi] TtQOGayoiet' of the Greeks, the Greeks were afraid, lest they should TO xsQa^y xai 7tF.QMtTv%avre$ lead against the wing, and folding round on both sides, avrovg: xai edoxet avcoig might cut them down; and it seemed proper to them avanTVGGfiv TO xeoa?, xcu jzoiqaaadat, TOV TZora^iov to lengthen the wing, and to make the river in the rear. BV 10. dt, ' 57 ^aff/tavtf xai Tiaga^eiWafjievog fi$ TO avzo matters, even the king also having changed into the same er^^a xa.T(!Tt]Gv Tqv qia)(.u.yya,v svavriar, (aaaEQ form placed his phalanx opposite, just as awTjei TO jtQWTov ^a^ov^iEvog. ds. mg he had met them at first when about to fight. But as ol 'E13.r Eidov it. xcu t vg ovrag syyvg naQot.-is.Tay- the Greeks saw them being both near and set in array, psvovi;, avdis ytaio.vioa.vreg mqsGav m no\v again singing the pean, they came on yet much TO 7lQOdvp.OTQOV J] TtQOGffeV, more eagerly than before. 11. de av ol fiaQpaQOi ovx But again the barbarians did not receive them, aXi' sx Ecpsvyov nfaiovog ij TO TtQoaOev, ds but fled from a greater distance than before, and OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. JQ-J ot E1.7.T]t>eg snsdioaxov [*%Qi Ttvog xmfir/s' is the Greeks pursued unto a certain village; but 01 eGrr/Gav. there they halted. 12. raQ VTtEQ Tqg xwnqg qv yqlocpog, e flff^ot, 8s 6 loyog erejtkrjGdr] zcav were infantry there, but the hill was covered with K>GTS TO fiij yiyvwGxeiv cavalry, so that they did not know what was being done. Kai ecpaGav OQO.V TO $a.Gi\iov Grjftsiov, two. And they said they saw the royal standard, a cer- XQVGOVV aETOv avaTETanzvoi' em tain golden eagle having been extended upon a spear. 13. Js 7tsi xcu ot 'EM.t]ve$ E^OJQOVV evravda, But when also the Greeks went thither, TOV ov ot iTtnsig dq xat fatrtovGi Aoqpoj', /J.SVTOI the horsemen now also leave the hill; not, however, TI adQOOi, aMJ aM.oi aM-odsv any more close together, but others from other place, 8e 6 i. e., some went one way, others went another: but the ^.oqco? t/> all went off. 14. Ovv o K\ea.Q%og ovx ave Therefore Clearchus did not march his men 108 Jlv em ror foyov, a\\a ar^aag TO the up upon the hill, but having stopped army vno avzov, Ttsprtei sfvxiov zov ^v^axovadov xat at the bottom of it, sends Lycius, the Syracusan, and aV.ov em zov ).oq>ov, xat x&svsi xarddovzag another upon the hill, and orders them, having viewed T vnsQ tov locpov, OTTayyetiat, zt eaziv. affairs upon the hill, to report, whatever is there. 15. Kcu o Avxiog rikaas xat idwv And Lycius drove on, and seeing, brings word ort qpevyovfft a?a xgarog. At 0%dov ore back that they flee with might. And nearly when xat edvsro. ravra ijv, yhog these things were, the sun also set. 16. Js tvryvOa. ol E).kr]ve$ earyGav, xat ftspsvoi And there the Greeks halted, and placing rot on\a avsTtavovro' xat ajwa per their arms, rested; and at the same time indeed vfta^ov ort KVQOS ovdapov cpcuvoao ovtf they wondered that Cyrus nowhere appeared, nor did a).l.o$ ovdsig TtapsiT] cat' avrov yag ydeaav any other one come from him; for they knew ov O.VTOV zedrrjxora, cdX eixa^ov t) not of him having died, but they supposed him either oi^sadai duoxorra, i] jtQOsl.t]}.a,xEvcu xaza- to go away pursuing, or to have ridden forward about V 11. to seize some place. 17. Kat avroi ft efiov).vovzoy fieivavzeg avrov And they deliberated, if remaining there. OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. JQ9 svruvda Tct amour ayoino cxmoyoQa t] they should bring thither the baggage-cattle, or go back 7li TO GTyuTniiedov. Ovv aTitevai edo^ev to the camp. Therefore to go back seemed proper avToi^, xai aqtxvovvrai apqi doQjtiarov em rag Gxr^ag. to them, and they come about supper-time to their tents. 18. TOVTO f*V OVV f)'VTO TO T&Og TttVTtjg Tljg This indeed then was the end of that TO, TCOV rjfiEQog, jde xaTalafifiavovai re 7t).iGTa day. And they find both the most of the a/.).(op xat i TI %Qrt na.T03V dirjQTtacfjiwa, qv other things plundered, and if there was any GiTtov rtoTOv: xcu i\ Tag afia^ag ^neGTog aievpca* eatable or drink: and the waggons full of wheat flour xat oifov, ay KvQog 7taQG%evaGdTO, iva i nors and of wine, which Cyrus prepared, that if ever Gqodoa fvdsta, lafioi TO GTQaTOJiedov, diadidoirj vehement want should seize the camp, he may TOig 'EM.rjGir, (Ss dvrai aft|it/, ca? elfyo^ro, distribute to the Greeks, (but these waggons, as were said, tjGav TTQaxoGiai) Tctvtag xat TOTS ol were four hundred in number,) these also then those GVV 8ir fiaGitei t Q7taGav. with the king did plunder. 19. '>S ol JIJ.EIGTOI TCOV 'El^vmv yGav So that the most of the Greeks were ds xat adsinvor raav avctQiGroi, yag 8t] supperless: but they were also dinnerless, for even TtQlV TO GTQaTSVUO, XU.Tal.VGai TCQOg OQIGTOV, fiaGl).Vg before the army halted for dinner, the king 'Oinco ovv eyavrj. ^.tv difyzvovro Tavrrp Trjv WXTU. appeared. Thus then they indeed passed that night. 10 ANABASE&2 KTPOT. BIBAEON AETTEPON. Keep. A. 1. 'Qq \Ltv aw to 'EM.t]vixov rjdQOiadr) Kvgcp, wrote eaTQUTEVETO ent rov adekqov Af>Tat.&Qi%rjv, xat 6aa snQa^dtj EP xat TTJ avoSca, xat tag q f*a%T] eysvero, w? KVQOS xat wg ol 'EM-rpsg fWovreg erti TO GTQarojtsdov e nxav ra Ttavra, xat KVQOV ^jjy, dsd^Ktrcu ev 2. ^/e a^ta ry ^fASQa oi GTQariffoi avveWortsg on KvQog ovre nepnoi, aM.ov crjfiavovvra, on %Qrj JZOIMV, ovr dvtog (paivoiro. Ovv edo%ev ctvtoig avaxsvaaapsvoig 'a xat e^onhaapEvoig ngol'svai ei$ TO itgoadsv, sa)$ av^f K.VQ(p. 3. /!K OVTCOV ev tjdtj oQfJiy, 'a^wa ana^ovn />U IlQOxl.Tjg 6 aQ%K)v TsvdQaviag, -yeyovmg ano dapaQarov TOV jjaxwvog, xat f7.ovg o Tapco. OVTOI etefov, on KvQog per Tsdvqxev, ds Analog neyevyoag eiy fiETa TOJV aV.oiv sv Tcp GTadfiep odev K>QIIWVTO T% JtQOTeQcua : xat fayoi on aEQifiEivsiev av avtovg Tavrrjv TTJV ^jwe^av, et de Tq afar} qiaaj aniEvou Erti lotviag odsvasQ 110 ASCENT OF CYRUS. BOOK II. CHAPTER I. 1. How indeed then the Grecian farce was assembled by Cyrus, when he moved with an army against his brother Artaxerxes, and what things were done in the up-way, and howr the battle took place, and how Cyrus died, and how the Greeks coming to the camp, went to rest, thinking to conquer all things, and Cyrus to be alive all these have been shown in the former discourse. 2. But along with the day, the generals having come together, wondered that Cyrus may not send any one about to signify, whatever it behoves them to do, nor does he himself appear. Therefore it seemed proper to them, having packed up what they had, and having armed themselves, to proceed in advance, until they might join with Cyrus. 3. But now they being in motion, along with the rising sun came Procles, the commander of Teuthrania, being descended from Damaratus the Lacedaemonian, and Glus, the son of Tamos. These said, that Cyrus indeed has died; but Ariseus having fled, was with the other barbarians in the station whence they were moved on the former day and that he said, that indeed he might wait for them that day, if they are about to come : but on the next, he said, he should depart for Ionia, whence he came. Ill 112 4. slxovGavrtg ravra ol GrQarrjyoi xai ol aD,oi 'E).h]i>e.$ sitisv rads- a'D.a ntn'd(tvo^ivoi sysQOv paQsmg. As Kls(x.Q%og psv Ki'Qog wqpfAe qv de snsi rsrefavrqxst', anayysl.'ksrs on, ovdsis sri AQiaicp t'lfisig J' nxoifisv ^aGiJ.sa, xai, ug o^ccre, xat et siti pcf/erai fj^iv ; ^^ t'juefi,' Aiders, EJtOQSvofied'av fiaffdea. // ETtayyM.opEda ^Qiaim, eav sWy svdads, xadisif ctvrov sis TOP j3(tGt).lOI>TOV &QOVOV fOQ EffTl TO)V tlXOJVTO)t> TtjV \H-fr^> XCU TO ao^siv. < 5. EiTtoiv retina, aTtoars^ei rovg ayyelovg, xou GVV atnoig XeiQtacpov rov staxetwa, xai Msvwva rov Oarxaiov : ya.Q xai 6 Mevatv avrog epovhsTO : JO.Q qv cpi^og, xai &vog AQIO.IOV. 6. 8s 'Oi psv qyovro, KksaQ^og nsQisfjisivE' de TO STIOQI^ETO GITOV, ortmg edvvaro, sx za>v v7toL,vyi(av t lovg fiovg xai ovovg- 8s TtQOiovrsg (UXQOV ano r^g rtv ze cf>al.ayyog fj JMCC^J/ syfrsro, s^oavro ^vkoig roig oi'ffroig, OVGIV no).\oig (ovg ol 'EHrjveg rjvayxa^ov rovg avropolovvrag ' aGiks&g sxfiaM.siv) xai roig yepoo^, xai raig 8s raig j4iyv7triau' xai nolkai 7isJ.rai t xai rjGuv SQiftioi fpsQSGOai' naGi oig XQW^SVOI, eyovrsg ijGd sxsivtjv rtjv fjfJiSQdv. i * ' 7. rs Kai ydy vjv nsQi rih\dovGat.v ayoQav, xai Q%oprai TtUQa fiaGilscng xai TiGGacpEQVOvg, ol a/l/lot psv ds avrwv i, slg al.vvog qv 'EU.ijv, 6g srvy%avs car TiGGaysQVSi, xai %cov evrifimg' yaQ xai swai rwv smGriftiwv rs nsqi rag ra^eig xai o 8. //e ovroi re ngoGtWovrsg, xai xaheGavrsg rovg anyov- rag rwv OVGIV art. xelsvsi *E).'kr 'EM.qvK>v, "key fiaGi).svg rovg t vag t sxei rvy%avsi nxwv, xai ansxrope KVQOV, Ttaoadovrag ra sm 07t).a, lovrag rag &VQOS paad.ews t evQiGxeodai, ip> dvroavrai ri ayatiov. OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. HQ 4. Having heard these words, the generals and the other Greeks learning, bore them heavily. But Clearchus spoke " these words: But indeed to be e. Cyrus ought alive; [i. y I wish were alive but since he has Cyrus ;] died, report to Ariseus, that we at least conquer the king, and, as you no one us and if had not see, yet fights ; you come, we would have gone against the king. But we announce to Ariseus, if he come hither, that we will seat him on the royal throne : for it is of those conquering in battle also to rule." 5. Having said these words, he sends away the mes- sengers, and with them Cherisophus, the Laconian, and Menon, the Thessalian : for even Menon himself desired $, for he was a friend and a guest of Ariaeus. 6. They indeed went away, but Clearchus waited there; and the army procured food how they were able, from the beasts of burden, cutting up the oxen and asses: and pro- ceeding a little way from the phalanx, where the battle was, they used for wood both the arrows, being many, (which the Greeks compelled those deserting from the king to throw down,) and the wicker shields, and the wooden shields of the Egyptians, but also many targets, and waggons were deserted to be all in ate drawn ; which they using, cooking, flesh oft that day. 7. And now it was both about filling markeWiwe, and the the others heralds come from king and Tissaphernes ; indeed were barbarians, but one of them, Phalynus, was a Greek, who happened to be with Tissaphernes, and being in honor : for also he assumed to be of the skilful both about the ranks and exercise of arms. 8. But these both having approached, and having called the commanders of the Greeks, say that the king orders the Greeks, since he happens to be victorious, and has killed Cyrus, giving up the arms, and going to the doors of the king, to find, if they can obtain any thing favorable, 10* 114 j%v eutov ravra' ds ol 'EM 9. 01 xEQvxfg fiaGifacog psv amov 'ori per tjXovGav paQEtog, ds 'o^img KteaQ%og roGovrov, nxmvrcav TO, 'orthor ov Eirj rcov 7ta(>adt8ovai H, iipEig ftev, 1 a. m. exa7.eve dvrov, 'ojtmg (dot, ra ISQO, 10. As. Evda KteavajQ ftev 6 sJQXag cav av UTtodavotsv ra o KTtEXQtvaTO on TtQoadw r] notQctdoiw aJ.Xa co d Tlno^Evag o Qrjficuog airfi ra diet jtorQa ojg XQCtrwv, fiaaiJ.wg oTrAa, TJ 11. TlQog ravra (frakvvog t7t, $(tad.vg fiytirai vtxav, KVQOV. FU.Q rig dnv oang avrmoif.irai avrcp ivai xai vofuQi. v[iag envrov, %cav e,v rq ft 12. MEra rovrov OfojtofjiTtog j4dt]vaiog ine. vvv ovdsv al.\o ayadov earu> qpiv, mg GV OQag, EI py onka. xat . Kat ow, %ovrg [IEV on\a^ oiopsda av xai %Qt]Gdai d Tiaoadovrsg av ravra xai GrEgridrjvai rwv v. oiov ovv Mrj TtaQadwGEiv vfiiv ra pova ayadct ovra GVV xat Tjf^iv aMa rovrotg JIEQI rmv v^ErEQoiv ayadwv 13. /Is 6 (fralvvog axovGag ravra cyelacre, xai EMS' qxp, m VEUVIGXV, xai fafEig ovx a^aQiara', OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 115 9. The heralds of the king spoke indeed these words; but the Greeks indeed heard grievously, but nevertheless Clearchus spoke this much, that it is not of those conquering to give up the arms: but you, indeed, said he, O men, gene- rals, answer these words, whatever you have, fairest and best, but I will come immediately: for stime one of the servants called him, in order that he might see the sacred things, having been taken out : for he happened to be sacri- ficing. 10. And there Cleanor indeed, the Arcadian, being the eldest, answered that he would die, sooner than he would give up the arms, and Proxenus the Theban said, but I, O Phalynus wonder, whether as conquering, the king asks the if arms, or as gifts through friendship. For indeed as con- quering, why does it behove him, having come to ask, and not to take. But if having persuaded, he wishes to take, let him say, what shall be to the soldiers, if they should grant these to him. 11. To these words Phalynus said, the king thinks to conquer, since he has killed Cyrus. For who is there who contends against him, on account of power? But he even thinks you to be his own, having you in the mid-region of himself, and within impassable rivers : and being able to lead against you a multitude of men, so great as you could not kill, though he may give them to you. " 12. After him Theopompus an Athenian said : O Phalynus, now no other thing good is to us, as thou seest, if not arms and valor. And therefore, having indeed arms, we think also to use valor : but giving up these that we should also be deprived of our bodies. Think not then that we will deliver up to you, the only good things existing will to us: but with these, even about your goods, we fight. 13. But Phalynus hearing these words, laughed, and " said : But indeed thou art like a philosopher, O young and thou not man, speakest ungrateful things ; know, 116 jZv f avotjrog, si oisi rrp> vpsrsQav etQErqv 14. z/g ecpaaav nvag aViovg teysiv vftofia wg xat F/SVOVTO maroi KVQOJ, xat ye av yzvomo a^toi no).\ov 1. i. fi, i j3ov).oiTO yevEaQai q>do$' xat etre T< a.\\o t^eXot e-re i, arQarevsiv sm Aiyvniw GVYxaraoiQetfjaivro av avrca. xai si 15. Ev rovrm K).aQ%o$ jjxs, xt T]Q(TT]Gev, rjdrj 1 aTtoxsxQi^ievoi eisv. z/e co 1 a fisv K)..Q% [Aevovcrt], aiP.0., teyi aM.a, (xat 16. ^e 'o stftsv kya> aa^tsvos ropx TOGOVTOI 'OGOV$ av 'OQag' ds orfsg EV toiovroig 17. Ot>r 'on doxi aoi rtQog dwv, av CV^OV\VGOV jjjutv, eivat v.a.\\unov xat aQiarov, xat 'o av ieyo/iciw o7ft Tf^^y Ttaoa (Tot liff rov XQOPOV erti.Ta, 'ore (fralivvog, TZOTE ntytfOus Xet'ffaw *EHr ia rovg t vsg naQadovvai 'onka, /Is oiada 'on avroig avftfiovfavonevoig rade. 'o teysodai EV TJ? 'EM.adig av 18. z/ 'o K)i&aQXOg vTtrjyEto retina fiovloftsvog xat rov avrov naoa- TtQsapEvovra Ttaga fiaailsoog, Gv^ov\f.vcai [*TJ dovvai ra on\a, OTtoag ol 'EM.rjvsg EISV fia^lov Evslrudsg. Je (bakwog vttoarQ\fjag smsv cads TtaQa rrp> 8o%dv avrov. 19 i Ei ftcv ear vfiiv rig pia rav (AVQUOV flmScov, yco ra aooOqvai no).{novvru,g fiaaitei, [it] naQadidorai OE EI sariv firjde^ua sknig GonyQiag, fiaattewg axovrog t aw&adai ony dvvarov vf OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. Hf however, being rash, if thou thinkest your valor would be above the power of the king. 14. But they said that some others spoke, being rather softened, as also they were faithful to Cyrus, and at least would be worthy of much to the king, if he may wish to become a friend : and whether in any other service, he may wish to employ them whether to make war upon Egypt, they would conquer it with him. 15. In this time also Clearchus came and asked, if now they were answered. And Phalynus replying, said : These indeed, O Clearchus [say,] one says one thing, (and another says another,) but tell thou to us, what sayest thou. 16. And he said : I gladly have seen thee, O Phalynus, I am to see and also all these others for [or, glad thee,] ; thou art both a Greek, and we being so many as thou seest; and being in such affairs, [we] consult thee, what it behoves to do about what thou sayest. 17. Then, by the gods, do thou counsel us, whatever appears to be fairest and best, and which related will bring honor to thee in the time hereafter, that Phalynus, once being sent from the king, about to order the Greeks to give up their arms, advised them consulting these matters. And thou knowest that there is a necessity for it to be told in Greece what thou advisest. 18. And Clearchus suggested these things, wishing also the one being ambassabor himself from the king, to advise not to give up their arms, in order that the Greeks might be more hopeful. And Phalynus turning back, spoke thus con- trary to his expectation. " 19. If indeed, there is to you any one of the ten thousand hopes, I advise you to be saved warring against the king, not to give up the arms : but if there is no hope of safety, the king being unwilling, I advise you to be saved whichever way it is possible to you." 118 ^ 20. As KlisaQXog agog ravra hnsv. A"k\a. (JSP 8rj csv ds ravra on ).s-)'sig ravra' artayyeXifi naQ r'moav, tivai av sivai oiofisda. (ei [iv 8soi tpilovg (Saffda,) qiloi 7t?.iot>og %ovrg ra OTI)M ^ Ticcoadovrsg aHep* ds EI dsot ra Tz v, av 7to\eftEiv apewov e%ovze$ ortla, rj 21. /4s. 6 (fralvvog sins' dtj ravra fisv xt sxshsvGSV emsiv rads ot.Gi'kEV^ [ft iuv\ vfiiv, on GTtovdai ds fisv v^uv psvovGi avrov, Ttolspog [v/iiV] rtgoiovGi, xc amovGi. Emars ovv xai TIEQI rovrov, usveirs Gnovdou art xt SIGIV, T] a>g [ex] no^E^iov ovrog, 22. // K).saQ%os efa&v roivvv anay-ysHs xai Tovrcav, on xai ravra doxei ij[uv dftEQ xai [Soxet] ovv EGrtv 6 Ti ravra', s 23 At o nahv TjQcorrjGS' artay-yskco GTtovdag rj At Kktaqype Ttahv ansxntvaro' GTtovdai fisv L^' ds As ov [^jtity] amovGi, rj TIQOIOVGI JioXs^og. 8iEGt]^avs on ItOITjOOl. Key. B. 1. al.vvog fisv 8)j cp%sro, xai ol GVV avrm. As 01 xai ^4()iaiov, TI(fOxXt]g XftQtGoyog yxov (5e MEVOOV avrov naoa 8s 01 ^Qiaictr) sksyov, on sfQtaiog (pair] rto^ovg IJeyGag fisknovg savrov, ovg ovx av ai>atj%(rOai avrov fiaGiksvovrog' alJM si fiov).sGds Gwamsvai, XEJ.EVEI vvxrog' 8s si Giv TJXEIV r]8i] [8ia] rqg juj;, avrog 2. As KfaaQxag sinsv aM.a %Qtj ovroa noisiv, sav OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. HQ " 20. Bui Clearchus to these words said : But on one hand indeed, thou speakest these words: but, on the other, indeed it report these from us, that we think, (if behoves us to be friends to the king,) we hope lo be friends worthy of more value having our arms, than having given them to another but if it be to that we shall war ; necessary war, better, having our arms, than having given them up to another." 21. And Phalynus said, Even these words indeed we will report; but the king also ordered [us] to say these things to you, that there may indeed be a truce to you remaining there, but war [to you] advancing, and departing. Tell us then also about this, whether you will remain, and a truce exists, or as [from] war existing, I shall report from you. 22. But Clearchus said, Therefore report also about these, that also the same seems proper to us which also [seems proper] to the king. What then is that? said Phaly- nus. Clearchus answered, If indeed we remain, treaties; but [to its] departing and advancing, war. 23. And he again asked, Shall I report treaties or war? And Clearchus Treaties indeed again answered, [to us] remaining, but [to us] departing, or advancing war ! But he did not signify what he would do. CHAPTER II. 1. Phalynus indeed now went away, and those with him. And those from Aria3us, Procles and Cherisophus, came : (but Menon remained there with Ariseus:) and these re- ported, that Ariseus says there are many Persians better than himself that these would not bear him reigning : but if you wish to go away together, he orders you to come now [through] the night : but if not, he says that he will go away early. 2. And Clearchus said, But it behoves us so to do, if 120 * ds si onoiov av zi (isv rjxmfisv, wGrtSQ Isyszs' fitj, TtQazzezs oteaOs fiahara avpyeQeiv vfuv. z/ ov8e sine zovzoig o TI 3. As, peza ravra, qhov ydy dvvonog, OVfXttlGa$ zovg g xai io^ayovg sfalj-s zoiads. E^oi, w avdQsg, tevat em fiaaitea, za. itQa, ovx vyyvsro. Kat UQU ovx syiyveio. fag (0$ syco wv nvvdaroftcu EV ojv xat fiaaiksag e 6v ovx av dvvaipeda dia^vai avsv n\oiwr ds r^flg ovx ovx szopsv nl.oia. Ov fisv drj avrov ye otov re [teveiv* yaQ TO. ds TO. IEVCU (GTIV E%IV ETtnrfdeKf IEQO, t]V JtCtW Xcd f^UV rtagct, rovg 4. 'Qde ovv %Qi] JZOIEIV ctTtionag demveiv 6'n zig %sr ds ertsiSav atj^vr] r(p XSQCIZI, cog avcatavsGdai, avaxeva^eads- ds STteidav TO dsvzsQOv, avazidsaQs em za wto^wyta. ds sjtt rq> sjteads zco ZQizcp, ^ov^eycp, %ovzeg [isv za vrtofyyia ngog zov nozafiov, ds za on\ct s^co. 5. 'Ot azQazyyoi xai ol ^o^a-yoi axovaavzsg zavza xai fnoiow ovzoi' xai zo \oatov o de ol anqWov fjif.v IJQXSV, cd.\a sastOovzo, ov% eXopsvoi, OQ dsi zov ao%ovza, ds ol aU.oi qaav aneiQOi. 6. As 'odov agidfjiog zqg fjv jjWov e| Ecpeaov ryg Icwiag I*%QI zqg pctfflS VQEtS xat ewevqxovza azadpoi, nctQaaayyau, Ttsrts xai ZQiaxovza xai Ttsvzaxoaioi, ozadioi, jzsvzaxovza xai xai %axia%i.).ioi fiVQioi: de Gzadioi ano zqg pa%qs i JBapv- iwra steyovzo sivai efyxovza xai ZQiaxoGioi. 7. Evzsvdev snsi 9q, ffxozog sysvszo, Milzoxvdqg [isv 'o ze 0(>a, %eov zovg tnrtsag zovg [itff eavzov, eig zsGGOQaxona, xai wg ZQiaxoaiovg zoav OQUXOW, ns^oav, Baaitea. OR, THE ASCENT OP CYRUS. J2J as but if do whatever indeed we come, just you say ; not, thing you think mostly to benefit you. But he did not say to them whatever he should do afterwards. 3. But after this, the sun now setting, having called to- gether the generals and captains, he spoke such words: To me, O men, sacrificing to go against the king, the victims were not favorable. And with good cause, therefore, they were not. For, as I now learn, between us and the king, is the river Tigres, passable by ships, which we cannot go through without ships : and we have Dot vessels. Not indeed here at least is it also to remain for it even possible ; is not possible to get provisions: but the sacrifices were entirely fair for us to go to the friends of Cyrus. 4. Thus then it behoves us to do: it behoves us, de- parting, to sup on whatever any one has; but when one may signify with the horn, as if to rest, do you pack up: and when the second horn sounds, put your baggage upon the beasts of burden : and at the third, follow the one leading, keeping indeed the beasts of burden close to the river, but the arms outside. 5. The generals and the captains having heard these words, went away, and did so: and thenceforth he indeed commanded, and they obeyed, though not having elected him, but seeing that he alone possessed mind, such as it behoves the commander to have, but the others were inexperienced. 6. And the distance of the road which they came out of Ephesus, of Ionia, until the battle, was three and ninety stations parasangs, five and thirty and five hundred stadii. and six and ten thousand the fifty thousand ; and stadii, from the battle to Babylon, were said to be sixty and three hundred. 7. From hence, at length, when darkness came on, Miltocythes indeed, the Thracian, both having the horse- men with himself to forty in number, and about three hundred of the Thracians, infantry, deserted to the king, 11 122 xara ret rt 8. Je Kteaoxog rfltiro roig Hot de ol 'firtoiw xat acpixvovvzcu eig lav nourov xat rqv CTQctnav exeirov, ajugpt pEGae xat xat &en?vot TO. 'o.tyla > raJet, ot OTQcmiyoi io^a^ot raw avvijkdov TtOQa AQKUOV xat T ot jEXl^Mf, xat o' xat ot x^ar/arot rwy ftvy a/rco, (a^aaav fufie TTQO- dcaieiv u^.r^ov^', rs easaOcu av^a^oi' ds ol v, xat /^//crcaflat 9. //e (Ofiaaar Tavra, ag;a|ayTe? xangov, xat ravooy, xat xat ot , x^toy, 'E).\.r^g fte* ^amovreg %t(po$ eig aamda, de ot 10. /^ f?rt ra TTtffTa eyevsro, 6 Kieao^og ftasv: Ayt 6 CGTIV , 7teutQ avro? arolog r^iv xat v/ 5ox/v svvsvoqxEvcu nva. aXA//y oftov XQEITTO). 11. z/ 6 mwv amovreg psv rp qWopEv, av rvv Ttavrsg vno hpov JOQ vttctQXEi )}ptv ovdsv TOW yctQ raw fyyvraTft) VrTaxa<5exa GTaOpcov torte^ dsvgo, ovds ex de et ovdsv MmJurEti- zr^g %(OQag' rp> 11 evda, r azedajtayrfGafiEv. At rvv emvoovfiev QevsGdai [iaxQoreQav, de ovx anoQrfGOfier T 12. z/e JIOQEVTEOV r^iv rovg TtQcarovg aradfiovg wg av dwoifieda, tva tag nfaiGrov TOV fiaaikxov arQaTEv^iarog- yctQ TJV anra| anoG^caftfv 0809 dvoiv ovx ert rj TQICOV qpEQiav py dvvtficu fietGitevg xaralapEir ov tjfiag. FOQ pv Tolpijaei efpertSGdai ohyco GTQa.TV[iaTi' de E%an> itokw GToiov, ov dvvrjGsrai TtOQfveodai Ta%v' de taatg xat anaviei rear eniTqdsiwv' ey 13. Je ovdev (d).o, own/i r) arQUTiflia rp> dvvapfnj i\ OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 133 8. And Clearchus led the others according to what had been ordered and they followed : and they come to the first station near Ariseus and his army about midnight : and having placed their arms in order, the generals and the captains of the Greeks came on together near Ariteus : and both the Greeks, and Ariaeus, and the best of those with him, swore not to betray each other, and to be allies : and the barbarians swore in addition, and to lead on ua- deceitfully. 9. And they swore these things, having slain a boar, and a bull, and a wolf, and a ram, the Greeks indeed dipping a sword into the shield, and the barbarians a lance. 10. And when these pledges were given, Clearchus said : "Lead on, then, O Ariaeus, since there is the same expedi- tion to to what thou hast about us and you ; say opinion the march whether we depart the road by which we came, or dost thou seem to have thought any other road superior?" 11. And he said "If departing indeed by the way which we came, we might all perish from hunger, for now there is to us nothing of provision. For during the last seventeen stations, coming hither, we had neither anything to take out of the country: and if there was anything there, we passing through consumed it. And we now intend, indeed, to go a longer road, but one in which we shall not want provisions. " 12. But we must go the first longest stations as we may be able, so that we may be greatly removed from the royal army: for if once we hold on the road two or three days, not any more will the king be able to seize us, for indeed he will not dare to follow after us, with a small army; and having a large armament, he will not be able to go on quickly; and perhaps he will also have a scarcity of I at least this said he. provisions ; have opinion," 13. And this generalship was nothing else than being 124 Jlva ds xulhov. anodoavcu tj anoyvyeiv, fj zv%i] EGZQCttrffrjGS Fag ev rtOQEVotto, %ovzsg rov faiov apn, dvvovzi fjhca sis xo^ias rqg ," xat zovzo per ovx EtyEVGdrfiav. 14. Jz en apqsi deityv sdol-av OQKV Tto^si^i ol ev zdsov r T TCOV 'Ehbjvwv STV%OV [IT] ovrsg raig ra&aiv tsr rag ra^eig, xai ^QIKIO^, (ya,Q s,rvy^a.ve TtoQEvo^svoi; eg/' diori xai 61. aw ,', ererQwzo,) xaTce|3ag e^copax/^ETO, avrqt. 6X07101 15. // V Q) (OTthl^OVZO, 01 JtQ07t^l(fdVreg t TjXOV ort siaiv a?.la Kat Jleyorrsi,', ov% Inrtsig vrto&yict vffioiro. evdvg 7tavT$ eyvwaav, on nov eyyvg flcunltvs EV ov xat yap xat xoatvos ecpaivsro xco/xati' 16. ^ K).EciQ%og ovx [tev i\ytv em rovi; r/dsi rovg aryan-forag orrag xat aTtsiQtjxoTag, xat ov5' ijdy xat i\v oipij) ov jusrrot aTKxAwe, (pvT.azronevog, py aH' avtov TU> doxoiij (pevyeiv EvdvoaQOv, dpa dvo[*vq:> jjXtfj) etj irat; xcopag zovg nyotTovg %cov 6/ytrrT< xareax/^aKjej', e (uv xat T airra vAa a^o rcoy otxtcof into rov 8ii]pn(tGTO fi 17. Of' OVV TtQttrtOl flBV tin B/i WGZE xat zovg 7to).tpiovg axoveiv COGZS ol psv zcav syyvzazo xai eipvyov ex zwv 18. ^/e zovzo eysvszo Sqlov rg VGZEQOUK' yn.Q OVZE ovdsv vitovyt,ov EZI Eqavt], OVZE GZQazortEdov, OVZE xanvog ovdapov /Is ^aaiJiEvg xat c^mlap;, cag EOIXE, Ty 14. And yet about the afternoon, they seemed to sec hostile horsemen; and both tfiose of the Greeks who hap- pened not to be in their ranks, ran into the ranks, and to be Aria?us, (for he happened going upon a waggon, be- cause he had been wounded,) descending, armed himself with a breast-plate, and those with him. 15. And while they were arming themselves, the scouts sent forward, came saying, that they are not horsemen, but beasts of burden were grazing. And immediately all knew, the was for that somewhere near, king encamped ; also smoke appeared in the villages not far off. 16. But Clearchus did not indeed lead against the enemy, the soldiers both tired and (for he knew being fasting, and now also it was late;) not, however, did he turn away, guarding, lest he might seem to flee; but leading straight on, along with the setting sun, at the first villages, having them very near, he pitched his tent, from which even the very wood itself out of the houses had been plundered by the royal army. 17. Those first indeed then in some like manner en- camped; and the last in the dark approaching, as every one happened were quartered, and they made a great shout, the so calling on one another; so that even enemy heard; that those indeed of the enemy nearest also fled from their encampments. 18. And this was evident on the following day, for neither did any beast of burden more appear, nor camp, nor as smoke, anywhere nigh. And the king also was struck, the of the and he showed it seemed, by approach army ; this, by what he did on the following day. 11* 126 xcu 19. Tyg Tavrr/g wxTog pevrot nyoiovarig yofiog xat oiov TO/.; '/./jjtft, xat rp ftogvpog dovnog eixog 20. Js K).cin%og xc/tV(Ts To^idrjv HJ.HOV v TCOV TOVTOV ?%(ai> nu.o sniTO) ctQtGTOv xyQVxa TOTS, avemEiv w/r(i>, xamxJttftni&KHHX, ore ot dQ^orrsg og av fttjwar TOV aqstva TOV ovov fig- TO, wtl.a, OTI p UQVVQIOV. 21. Z/E emi Tavra fxrjQvxdq, oi GTQCtTiwTou fyv&Gctv on 6 xat of aoaoi. (pofiog eitj xtvog, aQ'/oneg de ufta Ktea.Q%og naQTiyytite Tovg 'EHqvag Tidsadai to. oitl.a ' et%ov, ore Key. r. 1. //e o dt] GYQaya, dtjlov rp>, on ^aai^svg g|A/>; TJ/ e qpo5q>; yao p^v rg ypfQft nQOGdev, nsftrttov, TO. bxka, ds TOTS dpa avarsMovn fay 2. Js snsi ol yWor nqog rovg noocpvlaxag, s^tftovv rovg aQ%ovTag. ds ejtsi ol TtQoyvlaxsg aTtTj^si^av, Kl.saQ%og Tv%an> TOTS STtiaxojKav Tag Ta&ig, sots TOig xelevstv Tovg xrjQvxag neQifisvsiv a^Qig av 3. de sjtei xaTSGTqGS TO GTQaTSVpa WGTS %etv oQaadai xcdtog nvxvrjv navrrj, 8s prjSsva TOOV aon'koyv stvai exalsGe xaTayavri, Tovg ayyc^ov?, xat avrog TE jigoifids, TS e%tin> Tovg svonLorcuovg xat svsidsGTaTOvg TWT GTQ 19. This night, however, passing on, fear also falls upon the there Greeks, and was bustle and noise, such as is likely to be from fear falling upon men. 20. But Clearchus ordered Tolmides, aq Elian, whom he happened having with himself, the best herald of those at that time him he ordered to proclaim silence, having com- manded that the generals declare, whoever may discover the one having let loose the ass among the arms, that he shall receive as pay a talent of silver. 21. And when these things were proclaimed, the soldiers knew that their fear was vain, and the commanders safe. And together with dawn, Clearchus ordered the Greeks to put their arms into rank, in which way they had them when the battle was. CHAPTER III. 1. And even from what I wrote, it was evident that the was struck with this for indeed on the king approach ; day he ordered them to their before, sending, give up arms ; but then with the rising sun, he sent heralds about a treaty. 2. And when they came to the outguards, they sought the commanders. And when the outguards reported Cle- archus happening then to be inspecting the ranks, bade the outguards order the heralds to wait until he should be at leisure. 3. And when he had placed the army so as to have the phalanx to be seen fairly close on every side, and that none of the unarmed were visible, he called the messengers, and he himself also came forward, having both the best armed, and handsomest of his own soldiers, and he told the other generals to do the same. 128 n 4. Js 7ti i\v TIQOS rots ay/fiio/s, avrjQmza, fiovl.oivzo. ozivss saovzai Jf ol /Uyo' on rjxoifv avdpeg TISQI Grrovdcar, narta. zoig E)2rGiv, xai za ixavoi re ana-ffsri.ai ra fJaottatOs t zwv 'E dsi 5. z/ o ajtEXQtvazo' Anayyi^Ts, TOIWV avzcp on ovx EGZIV ovds o r^ rtnwrov ya.Q ugiazov [^fwv], [ecrrj] zo).uti(J xcu 6. 0< avj'f/loi axovaavrsi; ravza, aTtifiavvov, TJXOV xat bzi nov zig rap- (rp ijf 8r^ovy fiaaitevs r\v epyvs, rj ds on doxotev cp ejtszezaxzo TZQUZZSIV zavza') efa-yov, ol faysiv eixoza, xat qxoiev %ovzt<; ifisnova^, a^ovaiv avzovg, 1 1. eav Grtoidai ytvavzcu evdev QOVGI za 7. Js o ijowza, si Grtsvdotzo zoig avSQUGi ctvroig IOVGI xat GTiovdat EGOIVZO xai ds ol amovGiv, r\ zoig aM.oig. TtaGiv, fiezQiz za nctQ v(i(av av 8. z/ sjtei siitov znaza, 6 KfaaQ^og [tszaazt]Ga[ivo$ xcu avzov*' ffiovlevezo' edoxn noisiadcu zag anovda^, xat za%v ze xat xaO' rfivfiav eWsiv em za smz^Sfia xai lafistv. 9. 4s o' Kl.eaQ%og sine' zavza xai fisv Soxsi f^wof ov EGZE ol [isvzoi zayy )' anay-yda), aHa diazQiWco, uy-yeXoi av r pj ajzodo^q t ^uv yrotqaaadai za<,- Gizovda," zov avzov y ($>] yopov xai JtaQ*Geodai zoig r z/ ^tt fdoxt sivoi xatQOf, aitrj-yyekfav, ozi xat sxefavs amrdotzo, ev6v$ ift'siodai JIQOS za Eftiztjdeta. 10. Kai ol fisv rjyovvzOi KJ.aQ%o$ (ifrrm [iv za$ Grtovoas, ds %cov zo v T|cf de avtog xat 4. And when he was near the messengers, he asked came as what they might want? And they said that they both to men about a treaty, who shall be sufficient report affairs to the Greeks from the king, and affairs from the Greeks to the king. therefore to 5. And he (Clearchus) replied: "Report him, that there is need of a battle first, for we are in want is there one about to dare to about a of a dinner ; nor speak truce to the Greeks, not having supplied a dinner." 6. The messengers having heard this, went away, and came quickly back; (from which also it was evident that somewhere to the king, or some other one, was near, whom that it had been ordered to do this ;) and they said, they seem reasonable things to speak to the king, and they may come, having leaders, who shall lead them, if the truce take will place, whence they have provisions. 7. And he (Clearchus) asked: "Whether he would make a treaty for those men going and departing, or would " a treaty be also for the others?" And they said, For all, until affairs from you be announced to the king." 8. And when they said this, Clearchus having removed and it seemed to make the them, deliberated ; proper treaty, and quickly, and in silence, to go both for provisions, and to take them. ' 9. And Clearchus said, This also indeed seems : at least will I proper to me not, however, quickly report ; but I will wait until the messengers may be uneasy, lest it not seem to us to make a I may proper treaty ; however, think at least," said he, ''that the same fear will also be present to our own soldiers." But when it seemed to be time, he announced, that he would make a treaty, and im- mediately ordered them to lead on to provisions. 10. And they indeed led on; Clearchus, however, went, being indeed about to make the truce, but having the army in rank, and he himself also brought up the rear. And 130 uZ xat avlooat tvzv)'%avov zacpQOig a^QEGiv vSazog, rig [irj all' srtoiovi'zo St'vuadat Sia^aivsiv UVEV fEtpVQfav 8ia^aGig zo3i> 01 ds xat ex 1 1 . Kai EvzocvOa r\v xazaftadsiv K).af>%ov, cog ensazarsi, '8s ev f]fG)p per TO do(>v ev rtj ayiJTEQa {>', fiaxrtjQiav Tq 5t|trr xt EI T/S' Soxoiq avrcp, zcov TTj'|UVft)>', exfayopsvo*' TOV emTijdsiov, STICUEV av, xat |a avzog TOV nr/ wars EIVCU naaiv eig / loj', TtooaeXan^avev aiayvv^v ov uvaTtov8a^if. 12. As. ol nsv yzyovovTfi; TQiaxovza er?/ eia%0rjGav avrov de iti xat SOJQWV KkaQ%ov aaovda&vTa, ol n(ts.G- PVZSQOI xat 7tQ06ianpavov. 13. de. 6 KtectQxog G7tvdv noh) ftalloi' vrtortrfvcov rag eivou, aiei ovzca ov raqjyovg pr] Ttlr/QSig vdazog' (yaQ tjv ojQct aodsir TO Trolla duvet, 6ia 7t8tof) all', 14. At jtoyfvofjifvoi atpixono eig xwpag 6Qsv ol rjyfj,ovg 2 . TO. mzr dia. de. xcu aitsdei^av La^avEiv ( noMg Gizog EVIJV, oivog cpoinxatv xat ol^og tfytttav ano zoav avza>. 15. de at avzai ^ala^ot zoav cpoimxmv, oiag fiv SGZIV EV zoig 'ED.ijGiv aitEXEivzo zoig otxtzaig. ds at a/TOXft- zoig dEGTtozaig rjGav ayrolfxrot, &av[ia.Gtoi TO xallo*,- xat TO peyidog' ds q owig dtsqifge ovdsv qfaxzyow ds cutendsaav fyqatvorrtS tag Tpaj'^ara. Kai nozov xat ds [avTOjy] fjV (iv ijdv; XEqpalalvgj,-. 16 EiTavOa xcu ol Gzyazicazcu. n^wzov syayov zov xat ol qpaloy TOV cpomxog, ?rollot eduvpu&v ze zo ei.8og, xat zip idtoztfta ztjg qSovqg. de. zovzo xai Je 6 o&ev o 1 (fotvd* eyxigjaloi s^aiQf-dEttj efyvuirtzo bl.og. OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. J 31 they met with ditches and canals, full of water, so that they were not able to without but made go through bridges ; they passages out of the palm trees, which were fallen down, and some also they cut down. 11. And there it was easy to observe Clearchus, as he commanded, having indeed the spear in the left hand, and a stick in the right: and if any one seemed to him, of those appointed, to loiter, selecting the fit one, he would strike him, and, at the same time, he himself plunging into the so that it a shame to all not to mud, would lay hold ; was act zealously with others. 12. And those indeed having become thirty years of age, were ordered by him to thf. work ; but when they also saw Clearchus acting with zeal, the older men also laid hold. 13. And Clearchus made haste much more, suspecting so full it not the ditches to be not always of water, (for was the season suitable to water the plain;) but, that now many things might appear terrible to the Greeks in the march, on account of this, he suspected the lung to have let out the water upon the plain. 14. And proceeding, they came into some villages, whence the leaders declared they should obtain provisions. And much corn was there, and wine of palm-trees, and vinegar cooked from the same. 15. And the very acorns of the palm trees, such indeed it is possible to see among the Greeks, were laid by for the domestics but those laid for the ; by masters, were chosen, wonderful in beauty and in magnitude, and their appearance differed nothing from amber; and some drying these, laid them by as sweetmeats, and the liquor also from them was sweet indeed, but causing headach. 16. There also the soldiers first ate the pith of the palm tree, and most admired both its appearance, and the pecu- liarity of its flavor; but this also was exceedingly apt to give headach. And the palm tree whence the pith was v taken out, withered entirely. 132 'Ava. 17. z/ fiTavda f ueivar xai t TQEI<;' t]fji8(}ag - jzaitot [iy(t).nv fiuatfafoj, xai 6 afttlcpog r/; b yvvaixog p 1 xai Tj/tN a/J.oi FIsQGai SE nM.oi dovkoi iinorco- // snei of rav a.7tr aioarrfloi 'jEHujteav t vrrirntv avrot^, TiaauysQrijj JtOCOTOV ).E^E TOtuds dl tiO^VfO}^. to oiK ry 'EMadi, i8ot> vfia^ ffjVteTtTwxoras etg 7zo}2a xaxa xaptftav urv ei t ii'tji^iut, ncog dvvatuqv uiTyGaadcu na.Qa dovvai anoamaai irv 'EM.ada. ovx (wot v^ictg i$ t JTaQ otfiat av %Eira%a()iaT(0g pot, OVTS jtQO^ vp.an> OVTE TtQog zfc ozt 19. yvov(; ravra rjTOV[*r{V fiacdsa, teycov avrcp TS av ^aQi^oizo fioi, on JtQcarog riyy^ika. KVQOV em xai avrq) c^ctw fta port diav, acpixopjv rrj ay- xai rtav xaza rov 'EM.r ovx ytha" fiovog TETaypEvtov t vag eyvyov, al.la dtr^affa, xat awspi^ct ^aatP^t sv rep vpsrEQCp GTQaroTtedcp evda fiaadEvg aqptxero ETZE ctrtextEivE KVQOV. Kcu sdtco^a lovg ^OQ^OQOVS aw KVQCO aw roiads wv naQovai ElGl \ll (.(JLOV OlTtEQ JtlGTOTCtTOl ClVTCp. 20. Kat ds fjisv vita%ro poi povfavGctadou TCEQI TOVTWV, E*.tevGV sWoVTCt EVEXO, |M EQEGdlU l5^^ TlVOg EGTQaZEVGClTS 7i uvrov. Kou avufiovfavw it^iv anoxQivctGdcu [IEZQUOS, iva Eav 5 EvjiQaxTOTEQOv fiot, dvvwpai 8ia,7ZQa%aGdai n ayadot 21. HQO$ ravra. of 'EMrtveg fifiacravrsSt xat, de OVTE artsxQiva.no' K).aQ%og steyEv ; 'H^ing fiEV, to$ JloJ.Efl^GOVTEg fiaGlfel, OVX 7tOQVOf.lda EJtl a?.Xa av EV KVQO$ SVQIGXEV no).).ag TtQoyaGEig, (cot; xai otG0u,) iva 't.a-'n vfiag TE aftOQaaxsvaarovs, xai avayaj-oi evdads. OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. ^33 17. And there they remained three days; and Tissa- phernes came from the great king, and the brother of the wife of the king, and three other Persians; and many servants followed. And when the generals of the Greeks met them, Tissaphernes first spoke such words through an interpreter : " oh ! Grecian live a to 18. I, men, neighbor Greece ; and when I saw you having fallen into many evils, and without resource, I contrived an invention if somehow I might be able to beg from the king to grant me to conduct you safely into Greece. For I think to have it not ungrate- fully to rne, neither from you nor from all Greece ;" (i. e., I think that I shall receive thanks not only from you, but from all Greece.) 19. "And knowing this, I begged the king, saying to him, that he would justly gratify me, because I first an- nounced Cyrus both making war against him, and at the same time, having help, I came with the intelligence : and I alone of those arranged against the Greeks did not flee, but I drove through, and joined with the king in your camp, whither the king came when he killed Cyrus. And I pur- sued those barbarians with Cyrus with those now present with me, who are most faithful to him. 20. "And he indeed promised me to deliberate about this and he desired to ask on what ; me, having come, you account you moved with an army against him. And I ad- vise you to answer moderately, that it may be more feasible to me, if I may be able to accomplish any good to you from him." 21. At this, the Greeks having withdrawn, did delibe- " rate, and answered, and Clearchus said : We neither the nor came together, as about to make war upon king, did we go against the king; but Cyrus found many pretences, also hast known that he both take (as thou well,) might you unprepared, and might lead us hither. 12 134 ovra EV '22. Eitsi [isvroi qdrj SCOQGJUEV avrov dsivca, rjG%vi>- it. dims* xat dsovg xat avdiiomovg ftQodovvai avrov, 7taQ%ovrsg sv r 23. JE STtsi KVQOS Tsdvrjxsv, ovrs avrmoiov^sda. fiaadei av noteiv rtjg aoxqg, OVT sariv erex' orov ^ov^oi^sda xaxojg ovtf av aTioxrswai ds Ttji> jrconav paGtteatg' edeloinev avrov, i av fioQsvoifisda oixads, rig [it] \vnoirj r^ag, fisvroi nsiQaao- psda avt> roig &eoi$ apvvaaOai aSixovvra' eav nsvroi, rig sv x * roirtov ev vnaQ^r xai nouav ffftast noiovreg ov% qrztjGO- ftfda ys fig dvvuuiv. '0 fiev ovrojg etrtev. dt. 24. TiGGaqiSQvrjg axovaag, scprj" eyoo artayysla) ravra j3adt?., xat rtahv vfuv ra nag' gxetvow ds at crtovSai av ds rtav, P.E%QI eyco jjxeo, TJ 25. Kai psv eig rrp vGrsgaiav ov% qxtv ds on rxoi hfveg qQ&vriov rq T^trj, ^xaw slsysv, t ' fisvog TtaQa fiaGikscog, dodqvai avrq> GoaQiv rovg no'D.tnv xautSQ naw avriteyovroiv, tag ovx suj a%iov paci).si, aqsnai rovg GZQarsvGansvovg'ecp'savrov. 26. Js EMS' xat rsiog wv sSsoriv vfitv IM^SI? niGra naq rj (ii]v itaQS^siv rtjv xoagav qsihav vpv, xat, 7iOQ%ovrag rr v , adoioag ana^stv tg t 'EMada' Je bnov av 11^ a*/oQ 27. JE av dsrjGEt vpag opooai rjpiv, rj [*Tp> aGivcog cog dia yihag, lanfiavovrag Gtra xat Ttora, onorav naQ%(a[jiv ayoQttv d Eav e^siv ra Emrqdfia. OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 135 " 22. When, however, we now saw him being in an awful state, we were ashamed, before both gods and men, to betray him, affording ourselves on a former period to be well treated by him. " 28. But since Cyrus hath perished, we neither contend against the king for the sovereignty, nor is there any reason, on account of which we may wish to treat badly the country of the king; nor would we wish to kill him; but we would go home, if any one do not molest us; however, we will try, with the to its: gods, ward off one injuring if, however, any one also begin treating us well, even for this, we treating him well, shall not be overcome, at least, for our ability." He indeed thus spoke. " 24. And Tissaphernes having heard, said I will report these words to the king, and again report to you those from let him ; but the truce remain, until I come, and we will afford a market.." 25. And indeed on the next day he did not come, so that the Greeks took care; but on the third coming, he said, that he comes, having accomplished with the king, that it be granted to him to save the Greeks, although many op- it not posing it, that would be becoming the king to let go those warring against him. 26. And in the end, he said "And now it is permitted you to receive pledges from us, that we indeed will afford a to and a will friendly country you ; affording market, lead you away without treachery into Greece. And wherever we do not provide a market, we will permit you to take pro- vision out of the place. 27. "And again it will behove you to swear to us, that you will indeed go harmlessly as through a friendly country, a taking food and drink, whenever we do not afford market, but, if we afford a market, that you buying, shall have pro- 136 it. e 28. Tavra edo^s, xat apoaav, xat TiGGayegvyg, xat o sdoaav *ot$ adsi 29. z/e jura zarra TtaaacpfQVijs ewrr 5 3e a ^a(T//Ua- enstdav StcutQiqjmpcu deopo (o a).; a^a|cav viai; ct^ TJ 'Ha3a, xat Keg,. J'. 1. Msra Tavra re ol 'EM.tp>e$ xai Agiaiog, TiGGaqssQvrjr, earQaTOTteSfvpsvoi eyjtv a/J.jjica eixoaiv de ev xat of xat rtfaiovg rj ravraig, adskyoi acpixvovvrai TtQOS^Qiouov, xt ztrfi g GVV xsiKp t re 7taQctda.QQVi'Ovre<; xat ertot 1 E^ojTfj, ] fiaailiea pi] [u>rjaixaxijGei.v avrou; GVV rear ^ KvQ(p t pr^ds aD.ov (AijSevoj uevoav. 2. de rovrmv yifvo^evcav^ ol atQi ^Qiaiov qcav erdftoi 7tQOGf%ovreg rov vow roig 'EVujai' (nare rovro xat ovx psv rjQEaxev roj jzoM.ots rcav yov rot Kteaoxq) xt zo 3. Tt ovx ori av nevonev; rj eniarafjieda, paGilevi; ano\eGcu 1 iva xat TtfQi nuvrog ^Os , cpofios g rot$ sni 'E).).rjGi, aryarevftv fiaGdea. KM wv fifv wrave- zat % jj/*as (jtweiv, dice, zo, zo GrQarevfia avra) dtsGTtaoQdf de Groana ovx i; uhody avrcp nuhv, eonv cmoa,- ovx OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 137 28. These conditions seemed proper ; and they swore, and Tissaphernes, and the brother of the wife f the king, gave right hands to the generals of the Greeks and to the captains, and they received from the Greeks right hands in return. " 29. And after this, Tissaphernes, said Even now indeed I depart to the king, and after I shall have accom- plished what I desire, having packed up, I will come as about to lead you away into Greece, and I myself departing to my own principality. CHAPTER IV. 1. After this, both the Greeks and Ariseus waited for Tissaphernes, having encamped near each other more than twenty days; and in those days, both the brothers and other relations come to Ariseus, and some of the Persians to those with him both and some hands ; encouraging, bringing right from the that the will (i. e., pledges) king, [saying,] king not remember to them the injuries of their expedition with Cyrus, nor any other one of those passing by. 2. And these things taking place, those about Arisus were less manifest their to the Greeks so applying mind ; that this also did not indeed please most of the Greeks, but approaching, they said to Clearchus and the other generals: " 3. Why do we remain ? Do we not really know that the king would endeavor, beyond everything, to destroy us? that fear also may be to the other Greeks to make war against the king ? And now indeed he induces us to remain, through this, that his army has been dispersed : but when an army shall be collected for him again, it is not possible how he will not set upon us. 12* 138 As. aitoGxanrsi n 4. tarn? nov r\ jj ajtoGrsi^si, rag y b8og ov nozs sxcov 77 analog, FO.Q ye fiovltjGsrai, r^iag sWovzag rrv fig 'EllaSa artayyedai, cog ^fisig ovrsg roootSs, svixoapsv t Svvapsv fiaGdswg Em raig ftvQaig avzov, xat xarayslaGavzsg 5. .de KJ.eaQ%o$ catexQwdro roig teyovaiv ravra. Eyoa si x{ (isr evdvpovpai navta ravra' 8s evvom, ozt, wv artifisv, amsvai em noXsfjKp, xat ttoisiv rtaQa rag GTtovdag. f ovtf onodsv TtQmrov psy, ovdeig 7tctQ%Ei ayogav t[uv, a' ds avdig ovdsig sarai ypjaopevog' xat a^a TtoiovvTwv 't][i.(ov ravza, s^Qiouog svdvg asj>eari]l~i rjficav, ware ovdeig q.u.og J^MErai fj^uv, alia xat ot ovrsg nooadsv eaov- zat Ttolsfuoi 1,'ui'. 6. As, ei eanv xat (j.sv rig aHog aorapng aQa dia^arsog ovx oida" 3s OTI tjiuv, ovv ifffisv rov EvyQarev advvarov diajtr/vai, 7to).f^ii(av Ttojlvovrwv. Ov [isv dq, av dey fj.a%sadut, innstg av^a^oi r^iiv. Ss innsig rmr Ttolspicov EIGIV oi xat xfai aJare aStot GTOV ; mxmvtsg ^v, nva av anox- ds , nrp> rjTTwpEvoov ovdsva oiov TS GmOijvai. 7. Ovv [iev jSacrttaa, 8. /^e sv TOVT03 TiGGacpe(n>T]g rjxsv, e^osv rrfv dvvafiiv anuov xat savrov, tag stg oixov, OQOvrag, ri\v Swapiv savrov 8s xat rjfs rqv ftvyarsQa rov fiaGilsmg sjii yapm. 9. z/c evrsvdsv TtGGacpqQVOvg rj8)] Tj-yovpsvov xat nagt- 8s %ovrog ayogav sftOQSVovro- ^Qiaiog xai srtOQEvsro, s%mv TO fiagfiaQixov Grgarsv^ft KVQOV, dfia TiGGacpSQVSi xat Ogovrq, xat GWEarQarojrf.Ssvrrs GVS exnvnic. OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS ^39 " 4. And perhaps somewhere he either digs some ditch., or fortifies some place, that the road may be impassable. For he will never at least willingly desire us, having come into Greece, to report that we being thus many, conquered the army of the king at his own door; and deriding him, came away. 5. And Clearchus answered those speaking these things: " I indeed also think on all these things ; but I consider that if we now depart, we shall seem to depart for war, and to act contrary to the truce. Moreover first indeed no one will afford shall us a market, nor whence we get provisions ; and again there will be no one about to lead us; and at the same time, we doing these things, Araeus will immediately keep away from us; so that no friend shall be left to us; but even those being so, formerly will be enemies to us. " 6. But if indeed any other river therefore is also to be crossed by us, I know not; but then we know the Euphrates that it is impossible to go through it, the enemy hindering us. Not indeed even, if it be necessary to fight, are horses as allies to us; but the horsemen of the enemy are the most numerous, and worthy of much praise ; so that conquering, indeed, whom could we kill? And indeed I think that no one of us being conquered, even able to be saved." 7. Then indeed as to the king, to whom the allies are so many, if he is eager to destroy us, I do not know whatever it behoves him to swear, and to give his right hand, and to call the gods to witness a falsehood, and to make to the Greeks and barbarians the pledges of himself, not to be trusted." He said many such things. 8. And at this time Tissaphernes came, having his own as to his and his force, departing home ; Orontas, having " force, and he also led a daughter of the king to marriage. 9. And from thence, Tissaphernes now leading on, and went affording a market, they went on : and Ariseus also on, having the barbaric army of Cyrus, together with Tissa- phernes and Orontas, and encamped together with, them. 140 10. Js ol 'EltyvEg vcpOQcavrsg rovrovg, E%COQOVV avroi /)E exaarors E(f' savrttf, E^ovreg rffEpovag. EGTQaroTtEdsvovro de ol arts%ortE$ TtaQaGayyrjv, xai ptiov, ttJJJqtow aftcporeQOi rovro scpvXarrovro ailr^ovg caortEQ nohefuovg, xai svdvg jiaQfiy^v vnotyiav. 11. // fvtore xai Zvh&nsvoi ex rov atrrov, xat 6vM.Eyov- sversivov caare T ^OOTOV x< Ttnavrct aPJ.a, TzXrj'yag aD.r/^otg, TOVTO xat ttaQEixE E^GQKV. S a. 12. y/e 8u&0owe$ TQEIS GTadpovg, aymono ngo^ Tt%og etaco avrov ds rv xa).ov[ivov[zo rei^o^Mrfdiag, xt nagr^Oov t (pModopquEvov omaig Tthvdois xeipevais tv EGyalzw, EIXOGI noowv EVQOS, de vi^og sxurov ds fitjxog sisyEro EIVOI sixoai nctQaactyyav de afti%s ov no\v Bafivkoavog. 13. JE sriEvdEv EnooEvdrfictv ovo Gradnovg, OXTOJ Tro^a- xai Gav 8vo EJII. de di^rt diG>QV%a$i zqv [tsv, yEqiVQag, ima. vdoioig : (df avzai qGav ano TOV Ttozapov ' c xat avzoiv xai racpQOi xareTEr^vro Etti rtjv CM TiQwzai fiev fiEyakai, ds emira E^UGGOVS' de re).og xai [uxQOi O-(ETOI, taomQ EV 'EM.adi Eitt rag fishvag-) xai ETII rov ayixvovnai nora^of TiyQrjra" ngog cp rp fteya).!] xai rov 7to).vavd(t(07tog ftolug, ovofta 77 2nra%q ajze^ovGa nor- ajuov Ttevrexaidexa Gradiovg. 14. Ow ol eG*rvcGav nao IJIEV jEU^Mg t avrijv; TtUQadetGov xa).ov, xat, [AEyakov, xai daoeog navroimv de ol /3a(;j3oot dia^f^Koreg rov TVj'p^ra qoav ov 15. Je fusra ro deinvov UOO^EVOS xai Zsvoqicw ovrfg EV JifQiTtarcp JIQO rcov onkav, xai rig avdQOJitog Ocov, TJQCOT^GEV rovg ftQoyvkaxag, nov av idoi f ds q ipjuyflpr ovx efyfiEi MwKiva, xat ravru car nuga Aqiatov roy %evov Mzvcovog. OR, THE ASCENT OP CYRUS. J4J 10. But the Greeks suspecting them, went on themselves, by themselves, having their leaders. And they encamped always holding away a parasang and less from each other, and they both guarded against each other as enemies, and immediately this afforded a suspicion. 11. And sometimes also gathering wood out of the same place, and collecting grass and other such things, they gave blows to each other, so that this also afforded enmity. 12. And having gone through three stations, they came to the wall, called "the wall of Media," and they passed it and it was built with baked in bitu- withio ; bricks, lying men, of twenty feet in breadth, and in height a hundred, and the length was said to be that of twenty parasangs, and it was distant not far from Babylon. 13. And thence they went on two stations, eight para- sangs, and they went through two canals, the one indeed upon a bridge, and the other having been joined with seven vessels these were from the river and ; (and Tigris, from them ditches also had been cut in the place, the first indeed large, and afterwards less : and at last even little as in the fields channels, Greece, upon panic ;) and they come to the river Tigris, near to which was a large and populous city, the name to which was Sitace, distant from the river fifteen stadii. 14. Then indeed the Greeks encamped near it, near a beautiful and and thick with various trees but park large, ; the barbarians having gone through the Tigris, were not, however, visible. 15. And after supper, Proxenus and Xenophon hap- pened being in a walk before the arms, and a certain man approaching, asked the outguards, where he might see Prox- and enus or Clearchus ; but he did not ask for Menon ; this, too, though being from Ariseus, the guest of Menon. 142 ^tv 16. zfs E7tt IlQO^Evog EiTtfv, art i[u avrog ov bjreig, o eutev rads' ^Qiaiog EJtffiWs fie, xat ^Qraf^og, Ttiaroi Kvom, xat vpiv tvvoi, xat X&EVOVGI (pvl.arreadai, ol fiaopuQOi erttdwvrai vpiv ir^ VVXTO*" ds EGTI nolv arya- ev TCO TzaQadstam Ttl.rjGiov. 17. Kai xelevovai ns^vai qv^axr^v em rrjv ysyvQav rov yQTjTos, w^ TiGGa () di'VTjTCU, 0)t? [M] dlofilJ TOV norafwv nut rrjg dia)QV%Oi;. 18. Axovaavre^ ravra, ctyovaiv U.VTOV nctoa. TOV xai opQtdjOlKfif d ie/et. z/g 6 KfaaQ%og axovaag 19. /le rig vsaviaxog raw naQOvroav EvvorjGUij euisv, a>g TO ErtidfaOcu xat Avdat ovx rqv ytyvQav EITJ axo^ovda. Fag on 8r aei dqlov, t avrovg eOffifft^ttwas r\ vtxav, t] fjrrnadai. Eav pev ovv nxoiai, 11 dsi uvrovg Jivetv ryv yvyvQav, yap ovde, nv 'waiv Jtolkou ycqpvpai, s^oifiEv av, onoi (pvvovrsg 20. //e av av Tr r^etg vixmfisv, t g yEyvoctg exsivoi OTIOI av ovds v ov% f^ovaiv rpvywGiv {irt ovdsig ortwv 7tf(>uv dvvriGT(x.i fioTjdtjGtti avroig, r^g ytyvoag 21. // 6 ravra r rov a IG.Ea.Q^og axovGag t Qero t v rov xat fir] rig %co(>a i\ fiEGcp TiyQyrog rqg 6 eiTtsv Je on ^ro^, xat EVBIGI ?ro/Uat xat fAeyafau xoo/tat xai noteig. 22. TOTE Kai 8q fj'VKtGdrj^ on ol ^ap^apot oxvovvrsg vJto- TOV t ol ov rrv ntfiwaisv avd(iwnot> py 'EtiijVfg, disWovrEg t tr y(fv<>ar, iifKncv T// vrficp, %o)Teg eovfiaru., tdi> ni>, TOV de tvOsv Tt r de ra t 8i(a()v%a' E%OIEI> ennrfdeta EX rtjg OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 143 16. And when Proxenus said that, "I am he whom thou " seekest," the man spoke these words : Ariseus sent me and Arta^zas, being faithful to Cyrus, and kindly disposed to and order to lest the barbarians you ; they you guard, set the and there is a may upon you during night ; large army in the park, near. 17. "And upon the bridge of the river Tigris they order you to send a guard, as Tissaphernes designs to break it down by night, if he can, that you may not go through, but be taken between the river and the canal." 18. Having heard this, they lead him to Clearchus, and tell what he and they says ; Clearchus having heard, was disturbed and feared vehemently. 19. And a certain young man of those present having " considered, said : That to make an attack, and to break down the bridge, would not be a consequent; for it is evi- dent, that it will behove them making an attack, either to conquer, or to be conquered. If indeed then they conquer, why does it behove them to break down the bridge? for neither if there be many bridges, may we have whither fleeing we can be saved. " 20. And if again we conquer, the bridge having been broken, they will not have whither they may flee; nor indeed will one be able of the many being beyond, to assist them, the bridge having been broken down." 21. And Clearchus having heard this, asked the mes- senger, how great may be the region, that is between the the Tigris and canal. And the man said that it is great, there and are many and large villages and cities. 22. And even then it was known, that the barbarians, being reluctant, secretly sent the man, lest the Greeks, not having gone over the bridge, may remain in the island, having fortifications, on one side indeed, the river, and on the the canal other, ; and may have provisions from the 144 xai ayaqg, xai t(av svovran 8s ira xai ysvotro anoGryoyt], ei rig fiovioiro noieiv ) 23. // //ra ravra, avenavono' sm rrp yecpVQa, pevroi, ofiag ziZEfiyav cpvkaxtjv xat ovze ovdus ovdapodev ejtsdsro, ovre ovdtig TCOV TtoisfiiMf tWs. agog rtjv yi-qpu^ay, wg of qpw- 24. // ETteidt] scog syEVMO' disfiatvov rqv yerpVQav, Td xat sma al.oig, IF, ncdjfitct nstjiv'ka.y^.BVfag (O^STO (LTtskaVKOV. 25. z/e ano rov TiyQrjrog fnoQevdyactv rsrrotQag arad^iovg nctQdGayyag em rov Ttorapov &VGXOV, ro evgog 8? yscpVQCt srtqv. Kai svravda oaxsiro '^ ovo^Lft Qrtig' TtQog qv . 6 vodog adsXyog KVQOV xcu Q%OV artrjvrrjas roig 'E),tyaiv, aywv no'D.riv arQanav ano xat 2ovao3v, Exfiaravwv, ag fioqOtjaoiv fictailei' xai TO arQCtrsvua, savrov, sOsojQEi rovg 'EMrjvag 26. de o KlsaQ%og qyeiro psv eig dvo, 8s ahlore eno- Qsvsro, xai abhors sqiara^Evog. Af. OGOV %QOVOV ro qyovfie- vov rov GTQarsvfiarog sniarrj roaovrov %QOVOV r^v avayxrj rqv yiyvsGdai 8ia rov ohov arQarsvparog- wars ro Soat xat roig 'E)2rjGi avroig sivai napnolv, xai rov 27. Js svrsvdsv snoQSvdrjGav Sia rqg Mqdiag e aradpovg, rQiaxovra naQacayyag sig rag xapag ndog t rqg fitjTQOg KVQOV xai OR, THE ASCENT OF CfRUS. ^45 region, in the middle, being extensive and good, and those residing in it being about to work it; and then also it would be a refuge, if any may wish to annoy the king. 23. And after this, they went to rest: upon the bridge, however, they nevertheless sent a guard : and neither did any one from any place set on them, nor did any one of the enemy come to the bridge, as those guarding reported. 24. And when morning came, they went over the bridge, being joined with thirty and seven vessels, and most guard- edly as it was possible : for some of the Greeks from Tissa- phernes reported, that they may be about to attack them, over but this indeed was false passing ; ; they passing over, however, Glus. with others, appeared to them, looking on, if over the river and when he saw them they may pass ; passed over, he went away driving on. 25. And from the Tigrcs then went on four stations, twenty parasangs, to the river Physcus, the breadth of a and a over it. there in- plethrum ; bridge was And was habited a large city, to which was the name Opis : near which the bastard brother of Cyrus and of Artaxerxes met the Greeks, leading a great army from Susa and Ecbatana, as about to the and halted the help king ; having army of himself, he viewed the Greeks passing by. 26. And Clearchus led on indeed in two abreast, and at one time he went on, and at another standing. And as long a time as the leading of the army halted, so long a time was there a necessity for a halt to be made through the whole army; so that the army seemed also to the Greeks themselves to be very large, and that the Persian had been astonished viewing it. 27. And thence they proceeded through Media six desert stations, thirty parasangs, to the villages of Parysa- tis, the mother of Cyrus and of the king. Tissaphernes, 13 146 KVQW ensTQsys roig 'EMrjGiv diaortaGai TctvTag, xat xou n\i\v tt.v8i)(tno8(av. de srrp no\vg oiTog, itqopaTa, 28. Je. Evrevdsv STtonevOqaav JtEvrs v nctoaGayyag^ Ej^orrsg TOV nozcifiov TiygrjTa sv T(p TtQWTCp aradfico, neQav row nora^iov (pxt/ro, e ol xat evdaipcav, Kaivcu oro/xa f]$ em 8i(pOeQivcu$ o^ediaig, a^iovg^ IVQOVS, otvov Kscp. &. ' . : * t _ r 1. Msra ravra aquxvovvrai em TOV nora^ov Zafiarov, TO TSTTaooyv TttedQcnv. Kai svravda epsivav TQtig r^EQug' 8e ev Ta.vtct.ig qaav vrtoibicu [isv, de ovdsftia smfiovki] ecpaivero 2. Edo^ev ovv rtp K^EctQ-^ avfywEGdai Tiaaacpegrei, xat ncog SvvaiTO, navaai Tag vjzoiViag itQiv no^f^ov ysvsGdai e| xat Tiva OTI avrojv JiffjiU> SQOVVTU, %Q%*oi GvyyzvsGdau, uvry $ 6 ETOi^mg exefavGW ^xetv. /IE 6 Tads. oida 3. 7ti8t] GvrrjWov, K\OQ^og 3.eyet Eym 4. /4e Ertsi Gxonwv dvva^ai OVTE aiadeadcu G noiEiv T xaxoo^ fifictg OV$EV, s'/co Gacpmg oida, art fysig ye OvdEV Wds 7tlVOOVflV TOIOVTOV, fdo^ (JHH fWElV ig hoyOVg (TO* OTTO)?, 1 dvVOUflEda, E^E^OlflEV TTjV UTllGTiaV U/J.ljSMt'. 5. xat oida POQ ijdtj avdQoiTOvg, Tovg (*EV ex otapo/./^, ds xat 61 Tovg c| vttoibiag, yofydEvreg cd.).i]1iovg t ^ov).o^ievoi ydacai JIQIV nadEiv tnoir\Ga.v avyxEGTa xaxa Tovg OVTE //>l- l.ovrag OVTS $ov\onvovg ovdev TOIOVTOV. OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 147 scoffing Cyrus, permitted the Greeks to plunder these, except the slaves. And there was in them much corn, and many sheep, and other things. 28. And thence they went on five desert stations, twenty parasangs, having the river Tigres on the left. And in the first station, beyond the river was inhabited, a city large and prosperous, CfEiiae, as to name, from which the barbarians brought on leathern rafts, bread, cheeses, wine. CHAPTER V. 1. After this, they come to the river Zabatus, the breadth of four plethra. And there they remained three days: and in these days tlvere were suspicions indeed, bnt no plot ap- pear d visible. 2. It seemed proper then to Clearchus to meet with Tissaphernes, and if somehow he may be able, to stop the suspicions before war arise from them : and he sent one about to say, that he may want to meet with him, and he readily ordered him to come. 3. And when they came together, Clearchus speaks " these ivords : I know O Tissaphernes, that oaths indeed have been taken Hby us, and right hands given, not to injure each other : but I see thee watching us as enemies. 4. But when looking closely, I am able neither to per- ceive thee trying to treat us badly in anything, and I clearly know that we at least neither intend anything such, it seemed proper to me to come to conversation with, thee, how, ii we may be able, we might remove the distrust of each other. " 5. For I also now know men, some indeed out of calumny, and also some from suspicion, who fearing each other, wishing to be beforehand, before they suffered, did incurable evils to those neither being about, nor wishing to do any such thing. 148 ^v av 6. IVofii^oiv ovv, tag zoiavzag ayvwfioavvag pahaza diSaaxsiv wg av naveadai avvovaiaig, rjxw, xat f>owAo|wat as, oi'x oyOwg umazsig i^nv. 61 &SMV xalvovat, 7. Fao TtQdarov fisv xat psyiazov OQXOI de avvoidsv rjfiag wat JtoJitfuovg cM.tjkoig ; oaxig UVTKI, rovzov pe/jjxwg Tovrav, f-ya) ovnor notenovdecorovxoida., OVT* a7to7ZoiovTa%ovg, OVTS onoi qievywv Tig av anoqvyoi, ovi sig noiov axorog av artodQaiT], ovff onwc, av aTtoaratt] stg S%VQOV %a)Qiov yaQ navra fiavrrj vno%a Tot-g &0tg, xat fti'iTa^y ol &eoi xyaravot navrmv IGOV. 8. ^g [j.v 7t()i rcov t>eca>' rs xat TOW' oyXKtv ovrca yiyvoaaxo) xat zcay avdoto- naQ big r/fisig avvQepsvoi q>i).iav xaisdsftsda' mvtov, eywys vofu^w as, sv rep rtaQorti, sivat ^yiarov ayadov 9. FaQ [lev aw aoi, Ttaaa bdog [lev fjuiv evnoQog, xat nag TtOTafiog diafiarog, xat ovx artOQia TOW smr^SsKov de avsv Ttaaa dia ovde* GOV, i\ bdog [IEV axorovg, (yag f,niGra^.Kda avrqg,) de nag nozafiog SvGTtOQog, 8s nag o%).og qr/o^c^Oj,, 3s SQjjfua cpopEQwraTOv, yaQ eanv peari] no^rjg anoQiag. 10. As si xat zi 8>i [iavevreg xaraxisrvaifisv as, aHo, 77, zov xazaxzsivavrsg svsQ-j'szr/v av a}'amot^t#a nQog ^aatAca, lov fis-/iar(jv scfi^QOv. Az 8r] ^sjco ravra oitav elmdcav xat av azsn/jGaiui spavzov, si sm^siQ^aaifu noisiv zi xaxov as. 11. FUQ syw srtsOvpjaa KVQOV ysvsadai OQK> as s%ovza zs ri\v dvvafitv KVQOV xat %(OQav, xat aa^ovxa ds ravzrv ovaav zqv aQ%Tp> asavzov, zqv Svvapiv fiaailsoag t Gvuna%ov GOI,' q Kvoog f^QrfZO Trole/uta. 12. Af. zovzwv orzwv zovrcov, rig bvzw paivszai, bazig ov fiovtezat eivat cpdog cot; A\\a. p^v, yan xat OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. J4Q " 6. Thinking, therefore, such misunderstandings would best cease by conversation, I come and I wish to inform thee, that thou dost not rightly distrust us. " 7. For the first indeed and greatest thing is, the oaths of the gods hinder us to be hostile to each other, and who- ever is conscious to himself, as having disregarded these, that man t never would deem happy. For as to a war with the gods, I know not, neither with what speed, nor whither any one fleeing, could escape, nor into what darkness he might run, nor how he might withdraw into a secure place; for all things in every way are subject to the gods, and on every side the gods govern all equally. " 8. Even indeed about the gods, and also the oaths, I thus know, with whom we establishing a friendship, have deposited it, and of human affairs, I at least think thee in the present affair, to be the greatest good to us. " 9. For indeed with thee, all the road indeed to us is easy, and every river passable, and there is not a want of provisions: but without thee, all the road indeed is through of and river diffi- darkness, (for we know nothing it,) every cult to pass; and every multitude is terrible, and solitude most terrible, for it is full of much difficulty. 10. "And even if we also being mad, might kill thee, what other thing will it be, than, having slain our benefactor, we may contend against the king, the great avenger? and even I will mention this, of how great hopes also I should deprive myself, if I should attempt to do any evil to thee. " 11. For I desired Cyrus to be a friend to me, thinking to him of those then in life to be most efficient benefit any, whom he might wish. But now I see thee having both the power of Cyrus, and territory, and retaining thy own prin- to cipality, and the power of the king, this being au ally thee, which power Cyrus experienced hostile. 12. "And these things being such, who is so mad, who wishes not to be a friend to thee ] But indeed, for I also 13* 150 a>v EQW ravra, (e e/c qpv.) o(5 13. /"Va; f > ds xai GVV rtj TTiwovaij dwapei na()(ta^iv rartsivovj vpiv oida Hfiaidu^' de xai tixovoa sivcti TtohXa aM.a roiavra edvq u oifiut av novom 6vo%iovrttt TJ? vfierfQa svdai^iofia' At vvv Aiyvminv^, big (judiatct v/^j'corrxo) Vftetg ov% b(iw torn dvvuftet av^tfin^cp %Qt]aapevot av cvv vuv f.(ioi. ev otxovai si 14. A\l.a fiijV zoig ys JtSQi^, per av ds st (f>d.og -i(p,GV eitjtf K>I; fieyiGTOi;' TI-S hitoit] as, cay aGTi>e VTtO GOV O.V dlXOU&S %Ot[AV GOl. 15. Efioi P.EV svOvfiovfisvco jtavra ravra doxet ttvai ovzw aitlGTSlV (WCTTS (tV &aVflU.GTOV G TO tjfHV, Xf TjStPttt aXOVGKIpl rovvofia Tig eariv ovzco dswog ie-yeiv COGTE faycov jteiacu cs as* coi. ovv fjfiEig eTtifiovksvOfiev KleaQ^og fisv ems roGavra, ds aide 16. A1X qdopai jufy, to K).eaQ%e axovcov GOV ei TI yaQ yiyvoaxaav ravra, fiovfovoig xaxov efioi, dpa av , xat doxeig IJLOI xaxovovg Geavrm, At (og av fiadyg on ovd' av i'netg dixauag aftiGToiqre paGifai ovr epoi, avraxovGOv. 17. ei. anolxGai FaQ e^ov^ofisda vpttft nozeQa doxovpev GOI EV anoQsiv nliflovg tajtsmr, q rts'^wv, tj onhaewg ij av Ixavot per filartTEiv vpag, de ovdstg xivdvvog 13. A)3*a av Soxov^iev GOI UTIOQEIV. Emiideadai vfuv', Ov avi> noJiho novoj OR. THE ASCENT OP CYRUS. J5j will say this, (from which I have hopes, that thou also wilt wish to be a friend to us.) " 13. For indeed I know of the Mysians being trouble- some to you, whom I may hope with my present force to render submissive to you : and I also know of the Pisidians: and I also hear that there are many other such nations, which I think to make to cease always troubling your hap- piness. And as to the Egyptians, against whom especially I know you now to be enraged, I do not see what power as ally you using would better chastise with, than the one being now with me. " 14. But indeed among those at least inhabiting around, if thou indeed wish to be a friend to some one, thou mayest be a very great one : and if any one may molest thee as a master, thou mayest subdue, having us thy servants, who would not only serve thee on account of pay, but even for the favor which we being saved under thee would justly have for thee. " 15. To me indeed thinking upon all these things, it appears to be so wonderful far thee to distrust us, so that also I might pleasantly hear the name of him who is so powerful to speak, so as in speaking, to persuade thee that we plot against thee." Clearchus indeed then spoke such things, and thus Tissaphernes answered . " 16. But I am indeed delighted, O Clearchus, hearing intelligent words from thee: for knowing this, if thou wish any evil to me, thou seemest to me to be also evil-minded to thyself. But as thou shouldst learn that you neither justly would distrust the king nor me, hear in thy turn. " 17. For if we wished to destroy you, whether do we seem to thee to be in want of a multitude of horsemen, or of infantry, or of armor, in which we may be able indeed to injure you, but no danger to suffer in return ? " 18. But do we appear to thee to be in want of suitable places to attack you 1 Do you not with much labor indeed 152 roGavra nsdia ovra qt'/.ia r^iiv, OQtf orra noQEVTEa, vpiv, a E^EGTIV i^iiv ds EIGI -IOGOVTOI cJf 7taQ%iv aaoQoc. v^iiv ; norapoi, E>IV rftuv ra^iisveadcu, onoaoi^ vpwv av fiovlotusda, fia- de etoi ovd ei %fadai ; avrav, 6v<; av dia^ai^rs. jiana.ita.Gi, [Al] dlUTtOQSVOlflEV V[4.a v 19. z/e et sv TCctGi Tovxoig ^TTOJjue^a, aV.a TO nvo sanv XQEITOV TOW xaoitov 6v t]fiig xctTaxavGarceg, dvvaipEd' av ovtf ei avrira^ai /.i^ov vpiv, 'q> v^sig, t//re n.w ayaOoi, av dvvaiads 20. /Jeo ovv av, E^ovreg roGovrovg Tto^ovg rtQog TO xai rovratv smxivdwov peiv i'ftiv, fMjdsvd [eivat] TJ EX Ttavrcav TOVTOJV, av e|P.o/^t^a Toy TQOJIOV, os povog v t ds 21. /4e ECSTI TCavranaat artOQcov xai a[ir]%ava)i> xai vow avayxy, xai TOVTCOV novrjQwv, onvsg ed&ovat nqarr^iv TI 8l ETtiOQxiag^ re TiQog &sovg, xai amanug JtQog avdyoanov?. a> OVTE Ov% ovrmg //^fttf, KisaQ^s, EGJIEV qhdioiy ovrs 22. ri artoleaai ovx A\\a. 5/;, s%ov i'fiag, rfWo^isv em rovro laOi 1 ; sv, on o Sfiog eyajs airtog TOVZOV, TOW // yf.vf.Gdai 'EM.qai-v, xai 'to SEVIXKI Ki'Qog niGTEVwv dta s xazapyvai IG^VQCIV rovrq) di 23. OGU, EGSGds JE VfjlEig fQTJGIfiOl ftO(, T IW fiV XOl ds otda TO , syca nsyiGrov yaQ ^EV E^EG-TIV @aoi).fi. ds rrp TIUQUV OQdrjv Em rtj xeqpa?.^, IGOU;, i/poor xai rr v Em T03V, ETfQog EVTisroag avs%oi t 24. EIJIOJV ravra. e8ol- al.r xai T pass through so many plains being friendly to us, and you see so many mountains being to be passed by you, which it is to render permitted us, seizing them previously, impassable to you ? but there are so many rivers, at which it is per- mitted us to parcel out however many of you we may wish to fight ? And there are of them, which you could not cross at all, unless we may convey you over. " 19. But if in all these we are conquered, but at least the fire is greater than the fruit: which we, having burnt be able famine to which down, may tq> oppose you, you, if be to neither you may be very brave, may able fight. " 20. How then can it be, having so many ways to and that no one of these make war against you, [is] dangerous to us, moreover out of all these, we may choose the mode, which only indeed is impious before gods, and alone base before men. 21. "But it is altogether of those destitute, and without resource, and held by necessity, and of those wretched, whoever are willing to do anything by perjury, both towards gods, and infidelity towards men. Not so are we, O Clearchus, nor are we silly, nor inconsiderate. 22. "But why even, it being in our power to destroy you, did we not come upon this? Know well, that my love is the cause of this, that for this I shall be faithful to the Greeks, and to which foreign force Cyrus trusting through pay-giving, went up, that I came down strong in this through beneficence. " 23. And as to what you will be useful to me, these thou indeed also hast mentioned, but I know the greatest : for indeed it is permitted to the king alone to have the turban upright upon the head, but perhaps, you being present, even another easily may have it upon the heart." 24. Having spoken these words, he seemed to Clearchus to speak truth; and he said "Such things being neces- sary to us for friendship, are not then tJiose worthy 154 2 a. na.Qf.iv TO. G%aza oixiveg 25. 6 EI TS 61 Kai sya) [*.sv, sqiq TiGGacpEQvqg, fiovheade, eWf.iv ev TK> tao> (TT(xxr//}'Of, xai 01 ).o%ayni, pot epqiavsi, rov$ is. xcu loyovzag nQog e/*, GVV jUOt. 26. //g o gyro, stfrj KXsaQ)[og, |o) Ttavrag, xat av eyro dqlojao) GOI odfv eyco xovca TCSQI GOV. 27. rovicov 6 Ex raw i.oycoj', TiGGCKfSQvqi; dq TOTS fisv rs g t sxEfavGe O.VTOV [isvsiVy xui snoiifGaro ' ds rq vGregoua, KfaaQ%o$ sWtav em to GTQO.TO- T asdov, tjv na.vv Srfkog oiopsvotj diaxsiGdat cpihxms rat TIG- xai skeysv a sxeivog cu&jVyfJtjL&r ecpq TE xvyvai if.vai GE, xai. ol rcav 'Ehlrjvcov av ?,%e- -, y^vai. avrovg K>$ ovrag Tti>o8(ytag xai v^ zoiy 'El.hjGtv iifioaQ^d^vat. 28. // vTtwTtrsve Mevmva eivai rov diafiaHovra, sidon; avrov xai Gvyfeyevr^vov TiGGaffiEQ^ei [isra x/ptatov, xai xai emSov).evovTa araGiafyvza avrca, avrQj, ortcog, /Iaj3a)v anav TO GTQazevfia 7f(> S%BIV rrjv yveoju^y TtQog savrov, xai zovg naoalvnovrzag etvai exTtodwv. 4e TIVEG zoav GZQaziwzwv avzshsynr avrq) jtavzag xai TtiGzsvsiv rovg 1.0-^ayov^ GZQarriyovg ^irt tsvai, ^.rjds TIGGU- 30. /Iso IQ.aQ%og xazszsivsr ia%vQw$ SGZE per dienQalzazo GTQtwqyovg ds EIXOGI 'ko^ayovg tsvai, ds xai a),' dtaxoaiot zcav aPJ.cor GZQaziKtzwv Gvvrjxol.ovOijGar, KHJ et^ ayoyav. 31. /Je ercsi raav ol azna- t em zaig &VQatg TtGGarpeQvovt;, fiev na()Ex}.ri d>~jaav eiaca, IlQO&vog Boiwziog, Msvav OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. ^55 to suffer the utmost severity, who traducing, try to make us enemies. " 25. "And I indeed," said. Tissaphernes, if you wish, both the generals, and the captains, to come to me in a public manner, I will tell of those saying to me, that thou plottest against both me, and the army with me." 26. "And I," said Clearchus, "will bring all, and, in turn, I will show to thee whence I hear about thee." 27. After these words, Tissaphernes even then indeed showing kindness, both desired him to remain, and made him a supper-companion, and on the next day, Clearchus having come to the camp, was both entirely apparent think- ing to be situated in a friendly manner with Tissaphernes, and told what he reported : he said also that it behoved those to go to Tissaphernes whom he ordered, and -whoever of the Greeks should be convicted traducing, that it behoves them as being traitors and evil-minded to the Greeks, to be punished. 28. And he suspected Menon to be the one traducing, knowing him also having been with Tissaphernes along with Ariseus, and opposing him, and plotting against him, how, getting all the army to himself, he may be a friend to Tissa- phernes. 29. And Clearchus also wished all the army to have their attention for himself, and those vexing him to be out of the way. And some of the soldiers opposed him that all the captains and generals should not go, nor trust to Tissa- phernes. 30. But Clearchus contended strongly, until indeed he prevailed on five generals and twenty captains to go, and also about two hundred of the other soldiers followed to- gether, as if to market. 31. And when they were at the door of Tissaphernes, the generals indeed were invited in, Proxenus, a Boeotian, Menon, 156 ^.vd Oerralog, Ayiag Aqxag, K).aQ%og ^iaxoav, A^a.io^' 8e ol /lo^ayot epevov em frvQaig. 32. Af, OV Ttokhcp V6TEQOV H.HO TOV UVZOV CT^lOV Z 01 xai ol At evdov awsittfJiBeivonot |a> xarexortrjGav. ravra nvsg rcoy fiaQfiaQ 33. Af. ol 'E'D.r^vE^t oQcavrsg ex TOV GTQa.Tom8ov sdav^ia^ re vr v xat 6 n t iTtTiagtav avr NMOQ%OJ Ati-^a.^ fjxs qevyoav, Terpco/ifyo? eig TIJV yaffze^a xat t7T rto.nct xai e/oj' z EneQct ev raig %{QGIV, za ye-/evt] 01 'EM.r edsov ra ori)M 0*17 t ves em y natives xt vonitytvtg avrovg rjxeiv avzixa em TO 35. At ol i}Wov ovx [iev Ttavrzg, xai MidQiSarqg, ol qaav maToraroi KVQO>' ds 6 sQ^i'evg raw 'EHqvcov ecprj xai OQKV rov adekyov TusaaqieQvovg GVV avroig, xai ytynoaxeiv de xat u/.).ot IleQaojv reddaQaxia^evoteigrQia- toaiovg ovvrjxovlovdovv. 36. ^ft ovzoi ei rtav qactv tyyvg, etJ/ rig 'EUtjvcnv, 17 exetevor Iva ra arQurtflog rj ?.o^ayo?, jtQoafl.detv, ajtavyedwai rtaoa fiaciteoog. , 37. Meza ravru rtav 'El.l.r vo)v ffyWov t yvXarrofjievoi fiev crQarriyoi K).eat>o3Q OQ^Ofienog, xai ^oyatverog rv[i(pa}jog, de aw avrotg Eeyotfov AOr^aiog, omog padr/ ra iteQi 77(>o5frot', (As. Xeujiaoyog ervy%avev anmv ev rm xw//// aw 39. At tntt earyvav eig enqxoov, ^Qtaiog ).eyei" Htv o) ardnsg 'EHrpeg, eitei ccpatt] re emoQxaw xai Mmv rag 0tiot>8ag, ^et rrp> 8ixt]v, xai redvqxe' ds Zl^olfyos xat Mtvmv, ori OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. J57 Thessalian, Agias, an Arcadian, Clearchus, a Laconian, an the at Socrates, Achaean ; but captains remained the door. 32. time after And in not much from the same signal, both those within were seized, and those without were cut down. And after this, some of the barbarian horsemen scouring through the plain, killed all, whatever Greek they met, either slave or free. 33. And the Greeks looking out from the camp, won- dered at both the riding of them, and doubted, what they were doing, before Nicarchus, an Arcadian, came fleeing, having been wounded in the belly, and holding the entrails in the hands, and related all that had occurred. 34. After this, therefor, the Greeks ran to their arms, all having been struck, and thinking they would come im- mediately to the camp. 35. But they came not indeed all, but Ariaeus, and Ar- taozus, and Mithridates, who were most faithful to Cyrus: and the interpreter of the Greeks said also that he saw the brother of Tissaphernes with them, and that he knew him : and also others of the Persians, armed with cuirasses, to three hundred, followed them. 36. When these were near, if there may be any of the Greeks, either general or captain, they desired him to approach, that they should report affairs from the king. 37. With this there came forth of the Greeks, watchful indeed, the Generals Cleanor, an Orchomenian, and Sopha?- netus, a Stymphalian, and with them Xenophon, an Athe- nian, that he might learn affairs about Proxenus, (And Cheirisophus happened being absent in some village with others getting provision.) 38. And when they stood within hearing, Ariseus " since he has says : Clearchus indeed, O Greeks, appeared both swearing falsely and breaking the treaty, has been punished and has died : but Proxenus and Menon, because 14 158 eiatv sv ds rqv [email protected] avrov, jwfyalg zipy EIVCU 6 paaitevg aTiaizst vpag ra ortl.a' vop q/ijGiv eavrov, fjtfiTJEu rfiuv KVQOV zov dovl.ov fxeivov. 39. fl()0$ Tavra 01 'Efarjveg anexQivavro, (8s KfaavoaQ o - ol 0(^o/ 6iTiV$, b^offajTe^ vofiteiv TOVS avrov^ yA.ov<; xta TtQodoiTSi; r^ag, aw TiGaa(fQVi TE rep aOeta- 1 TTCO xt TtupovQvorarcp co., curolcoP.xT TC rovg ttvrovg oig oi^vvre, xt Ttgodedcoxorsg r^iag rovg a)J.ov$ t qp' *;/< aw rotg 7to).[uoi$. 40. ^ 6 jJQiaios sine' ya.Q KfaaQftog sysvvto q>avQog TS. xat TtQoaOfv mfiov).V(ov Ticaacpegvei OQOVTCI, xat rtaaiv r t [itr roig GW rovroig. 41. // 711 rovxoig ^rorpmv sine rct.de fO.an%og fiev toivvv ft, TtaQa rovg OQXovg, five rag crzovSag, %ei rrp> dixr^v dixaiov rovg emoQXOvnag a.7toM.vadcu.) xat Mevtav taiv Us vog v^TQOi svfQvfrat /ufj', fj ?tp.i!>aTE avrovg dfVQO' yctQ Sj/Xov, on, ys, ovrtg (pilot xat , TtfiQaGovraiavpfiovlevsivzafiflziGra, vfur xat qpt*. 42. 77(>0 ravra ol @OQ@OQO , outriWov ajtoxQivafievoi ovdev. Key. Z". 1. JTJ ol GTQaTqyot per ovrco IrjyOEtVEg artftdrjGav % xat , ET\fvrrGav fie /Safftifa, anorfir^Erteg [xara] xqpaia<, t avrmv pev KfaaQXog Ofiolo-yovfiEvtag EX Ttanojv rcav E%OVTK>V E[t7tiQcng avrov, 5o|a? ysvEadcu avqQ xat EG^axoag 710)^1x0,' XOi OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. J5Q : the they denounced his plot, are in great honor but king demands of you the arms : for he says that they are his, since they were those of Cyrus his servant. 39. To this the Greeks answered, (and Cleanor, the Orcho- menian, said,) O Ariaeus, worst of men, and the others, as nor many as were friends of Cyrus, respect you neither gods men, who having sworn to think the same friends and ene- mies to us, betraying us, with Tissaphernes helping you, both the most godless, and most crafty, have thus destroyed both the very men, to whom you swore, and having betrayed us the others, you come upon us with our enemies. 40. And Ariseus said : for Clearchus was visible before plotting against both Tissaphernes and Orontas, and all us who are with them. 41. And upon this, Xenophon said these words : Clear- chus indeed therefor, if, contrary to the oaths, he has broken the treaty, suffers punishment : (for it is just that those swearing falsely, perish.) But since Proxenus and Menon are your benefactors indeed, but our generals, send them hither : for it is evident, that, at least being friends to both, they will try to advise the best things, both to you and to us." 42. In regard to these tilings, the barbarians, having conversed a long time with each other, went away, having answered nothing. CHAPTER VI. 1. Even the generals indeed being thus taken, were led to up to the king, and being cut off [as their] heads, perished ? one of them indeed, Clearchus, by the consent of all those having any experience of him, appearing to have been a man both extremely warlike and fond of war. 160 jfvdfiaaig. 2. Fan dt] xai, cow," per 7to).E^og rp> roig 8s ETCEI 7tt>oj rovg j4drp>aiovg, rtctQEfifivev eiQ-qvy S-J'SVEIO aeiGug ol adixovai xai rtjv 7tohi> avrov oig 0Q(txsg rovg 'Ehlipiitfi g tag f.dvvaro TICHQOC, row EfpOQKiv, %en).i, w? OQU^IV vntQ XsQQOPijGOV' xcct /ts ol 3. ETtsi Ecponoi Ttcog [Asrayrovre*;, avrov rjdtj ovrog TtoaToscpeiv avrov ladpov, Evravda, OVXETI < , a).).' 4. Kat, EX rovrov Edavarwdrj vno rcav rekav EV 2rtaQTrj, o5g aitsiOcav // tjdq oov cpvyag, f.Qy^ra KVQOV, xat yyQtt,nxa.i a).}.a^rj, ortoioig "koyoig JAEV KVQOV. // KvQog didcaai avT(p pvQtovg daQEtxovg. *>. Z/f hafav, ETQKTtETO OVA, STtl QCiOvftlUV, aA/l' (tTtO rovrcav Twv XQijparojv avih^ag aTQarEvpa ETIO).E^EI, roig xai TE xcu arto TOVTOV Oonfy, EvixtjdE fjia^rj sepsis xni r/ys xai avrovg- diE'/Evsro 7to).^ct)v ^E^Qig ov KvQog zdErflq rov g' ds TOTE artrjWEv, rig aw EXEIVO) av 6. Tavra ovv Soxsi EIVCU (>;' avdyog (ptlortolspov, narig, avsv (iv ayEiv eiQTjvriv aiaxvvqg xai &/%, uu^mrou Qwara. axivdvvoag, diQStr va- As exEivog r^Els daitavnv Eig Tt etg aaidExa, Eig rivet ovrco ovv q aihjv ijdovqy ; /iev r\v 7. z/e av EdoxEt Eivni Ttolffiixog ravxr} on i]v TE (p/lo- xai xai e, rjftEQag ruxrog aywv sni rovg tto).E[uovg, xai sv roig dEivotg, a>g ol navTSg naQOVTEg OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. J61 2. For even also, whilst indeed iliere was war to the Lacedaemonians with the Athenians, he remained near: but when peace came, having persuaded his own qity that the Thracians injure the Greeks, and having accomplished as he was able with the Ephori, he sailed away as about to make war on the Thracians above the Chersonese, and Perinthus. 3. But when the Ephori somehow having changed their mind, he now being away, tried to bring him back from the Isthmus, there no more is he persuaded, but he went away sailing to the Hellespont. 4. And from this he was condemned to die by the digni- in as ties [i.e., chief magistrates] Sparta, being disobedient. But now being a fugitive, he comes to Cyrus, and it has been said elsewhere with what words indeed he persuaded Cyrus. But Cyrus gives to him ten thousand dories. 5. And he having taken it, turned not to indolencej but with this money having collected an army, he made war upon the Thracians, and both conquered them in battle, and from that time and wasted them and he con- plundered ; tinued making war till what time Cyrus had need of his army: and then he went away, as with him again about to make war. 6. These then seem to be the actions of a man fond of it to war, who, being permitted indeed lead peace (i. e., to live in peace) without shame and harm, chooses to make war : and it being permitted to have wealth without danger, chooses, by making war, to make it less. And he was willing to spend on war, just as on amours, or on any other pleasure : to such a degree indeed therefor was he fond of war. 7. And again he seemed to be warlike in this way, that he was both fond of danger, and by day and night leading on against the enemy, and prudent in terrible affairs^ as all being present, everywhere agreed. 14* 162 fivraTov x toiovrov 8. Je ?.j'TO xat eivcu o/^ixo.?, K>$ 1 TQonov ctiov, exeivos xat ajfev. .Tap /we* tjv'txavog jyMW^M x/, T< avtov &i xat w^ a/l>lo, OTTW? ij GTQctTia. sftiTrjdsta, v Ta/ra* 5e xat jxayo? e^oir^at 101^ eir rtiareov ^ t xat 9. z/ f^offt TOVTO ex rot' eivai j[a).srto^. FctQ j^y arv/vog arct xat xat 7()a%v ;'p ijyctro oqpeAo^ GToarei'nazoj axoAafftov 10. A\\ct xat egpaffav avro>< ?.e^tr (MS' 5fot Toy 10V TOV SI TtjV (fofolGdoU OQ%01'Ta. (Jiai).OV, t] JZOfafUOVt;, t] ISVUt TlQOj TOl'i' no3({UOVf. 11. Ovv sv TOt^ deivoig [it>, 61 Gioarimrou rfi&.ov axoi'fty "avrov, xat ovx 'T^QOVVTO a)J.ov. Fay xat sq>a.Gav TO ozi'j'yoj' airroi; y T0t rtQOG(oxoi<; TOTS qiaivsodai cpaidvov, xaj TO jraifzroy eSoxct ctvat soncopsvov TtQog Tovg jtolsfuovs' WGTS Gcartjoiov xat ovxeTt %a).7tov. 12. z/e oTt yerottTO |a> TOV dsirov, xat |t?/ arttevai - a/.lowb ctQ^o^tvovg, fto7.).oi anttetaov ctvrov yap ovx f/^fr TO f7r/rt(it, aHa j^f aft jraAearoj,* xat ojftot," w(TT ot &XtITO JlQQg CLVTOV, (OGTtfQ flCtUds^ JtQO 8t8a.GXCll.OV. 13. ovd&tors Kou yaQ ow psv fi%sv snopevovg qptvlta xat de vno o'tTtvsg Tsray^Evoi rj noismg // xaTS^Oftsvot vno TOV dftodcu TIVI q aHg arayx^, naQStrjGav avrcp, [otj] acpodna ns 14. Je xat e^tctd^ tjQ^arro nxav Tovg ^ n OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 163 8. And he was said also to be fit to rule, as it was pos- sible from such a manner as he also had. For indeed he \\.-is sufficient to take care as even any other, how his army shall have provisions, and to prepare them : and also com- petent to impress those present, that obedience must be given to Clearchus. 9. And he effected this from being severe. For also he was stern to behold: and rough in the voice: and always chastised rigorously, and sometimes in anger, so that it it is when even repented him, \i. e., occasionally.] And he also chastised from principle: for he thought the utility of an army unpunished to be nothing. 10. But they also reported him to say, that it behoves the soldier to fear the commander more than the enemy, if he is about either to keep guard, or to hold off from friends, or promptly to go against the enemy. 11. Therefore in awful affairs indeed the soldiers were very willing to obey him, and did not seek another. For they also declared his sternness in the face then to appear cheerful, and his surliness seemed to be powerful against the enemy : so that it appeared salutary, and no more surly. 12. But when they were without danger, and it was permitted to go to other chiefs, many left him : for he had not an manner but was agreeable , always harsh and severe: so that the soldiers were towards him, just as boys towards a teacher. 13. And therefore he never indeed had them following him from friendship, and good will : but whoever having been ordered either by the state, or being held by some need, or some other necessity, obeyed him, whom he experienced very submissive. 14. And also when they began to conquer the enemy 164 Gi>v r v T noiovvra GW avrm, t rri fizyaM Tovg GTQaTicoTag avrm tirai yo^atuovg* yap TE TO s^siv ftatinaXeoai.; Ttyo*; Tovg aw/r, xat TO (pofieiadai rqv TiftoaoKtv rtao EXEIPOV, ^ svraxrovg. 15. Jr TOIOVTOJ ds ov eOeJ-Eiv t nsv r^v ctQ^otv slsyfro pal.a a)J. xorta err], 16. z/ floo&vog 6 Bouorwg mv per fiEigaxiov evdi's yevsodai a*t]Q ixavog rtQarrfiv %. fisyala' xat dia, rat jV emdvptar sdwxe aoyvQior Fog-fin, s/sortivcp. 17. ds eitei GWfyfVf.ro sxeivq) vo^iaag qdq sivai txavog xat a.Q'fiv, xat, tav (fi\os roig TiQcaroii,', fjZTaodai rjkdfv et$ ry.via.i; Tag ftga&ig aw KvQfp- xat WETO ex TOVTK>V fierce uroiiu, xat ^e^aAjyv dwctfuv, xat 18. z/e ETttdv^mv TOVTCOV, EI%EV TOVTO xat av OTI av ftil.oi ovdev TOVTOJV v, xraadat JWST a8ixiag t cvv xat dsiv 8s rq> dixaiq) xalqj Q)TO Tvy^avfiv roirrcoy, juif, avfv TOVTOJV. 19. zte xalcov xat. ov rp> 8vvaTO$ pfv aQ%siv ayadojv OVT Gai aidoa eavTOV fiEvroi txavoy f^noirt TOI$ GTQaTiwTaig OVTE aU.a xat ol qpo^o*', r^vvsro paM-ov TOtg GToaTicaTai;;, t] aQ^o^fvoi EXEIVOV, xat (laMov cpofiovnEvos rp (favsQog TO ol (TToaztoozat TO artf^Oavs.Gdai TOig GTQaTiwTaig, rj amsTf.iv extivw. 20. // aTO trat xat 5ox(- a^xfw JZQOS TO anytxov, tnaivf.iv TOV [iV noiovvra xalco.,-, ds ^ ETtawEiv TOP adixovrra. ToiyaQOW ol xaAot pv xayadoi TWV Gvvovrtav rjcav svvoi atrrco, ds ol aStxot fjti^ov\fvov 01, w$ OVTI /is OTE anfOvraxfv cos,' t qv T^taxojTa OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. \Q$ with him, there were now some things great, causing the soldiers with him to be useful for both the themselves ; having boldly against the enemy was present, and the dreading of punishment from him made them orderly. 15. Even such indeed was he as a commander ; but he was said not to be very willing to be commanded by others. And he was, when he died, about fifty years of age. 16. And Proxenus, the Boeotian, being indeed a youth, forthwith desired to be a man competent to do great things; and through this desire, he gave money to Gorgias, the Leontian. 17. And when he was with him, thinking now to be competent also to command, and being a friend to chief men, not to be conquered conferring benefits, he came into those actions with Cyrus: and he expected to acquire from these a great name, and great power, and much wealth. 18. And desiring these, he had it also again very evident, that he wished to acquire none of these with injustice, but with justice and honor he thought he ought to obtain these, but not, without them. 19. And he was able indeed to command honorable and good men ; not however sufficient to impress upon the soldiers a respect of himself nor fear, but he even stood more in awe stood of the soldiers, than those commanded in awe of him ; and more afraid was he evident to incur the hatred of the soldiers, than the soldiers the distrusting of him. 20. And he thought to be, and to seem to suffice for capability in ruling, to praise the one indeed doing well, but not to praise the one injuring. Wherefor the honorable indeed and good of those with him, were well disposed to him, but the unjust plotted against him, as being easy to be managed. And when he died, he was almost of thirty years. 166 ^v 21. /Js Msvoav o sTTaXot,- qv dqlog rt.1.iw 3e smdv- v, 8s STtidvficov ot-Q^Eiv, oTtcag iM^avoi TF. sivai Ttfiaadou Iva xegdaivoi n)eu' efiovkero cpdog roig dvvapsvotg psyiGrov, Iva adixaw, py didoui dixnv. 22. Z/E sni ro y.a.TSQya&Gdai a>v emdvjjiou], (psro GVVTO- uo3rart]v odov eivcu rs diet rov srtiOQXEiv xai ipsvdsadcu, xcu f^aTtarnv ds evo[ue rs ro vutkovv xai aitjdsg swat TO avro TO) T]hdl,(>). ds orro eivat 23. // tjv fpavsijog jwsv GTSQyaw ovdeva, tpat^ Kat, x qp/lo? syiyvsro svdqJ.ot; 7ti^ov^EVK>i> rovrcp. ovdsvos nol.sfuov jusy, 8s asi dislsysTO wt; xaraysl-cov TG)V GVVOVTWV. 24. Kui ovx fisv STZEfiovkevs roig xr^uacrw rcov (yaQ ipero swai ^ctksnov ^M^CCVSIV ra rcov ds novog Ktsro eidsvou on QO.GTOV ^.a^avsiv ra rat* ayvl.axra. 25. Kai oGovg [lev av ouGdavoiro ETtiOQXovg xai de scpofisiro a);; sv ojnhG^si'ovi;' EnsiQO.ro %Qrjadai roti; v.a.1 aaxovaw 26. /Is V.H.I cacrtSQ rig ayak'ksrai sm 0-soGs^sin, a).i]f}Eict xai 6vra> Msvcov SvvaGOai dMouorr/n ', rtfal.lro rq> e.Zartarav, rco TtiaGaadai U>sv8rj, rep diaysJ.av (fi^ovg' ds SVO^EV rov pt] sivai anui8svru)v. navovnyov rwv Kai 7ta(i big fisv ETtE^f.iost, OJSTO dsiv rtQKirsvEiv rov,' nuwrovg. 27. z/g Sfi^avaro ro rtaocf/SGdai rovg crnartcarag ex rov Gwadixstv avroig. As. ?/|tov rifiaaOca xai snidfMWfisvog, on dvvairo xat. a8i/.fiv 7t).EtGra. /Is xarsksysv EVSQysGiav onors rig vvrov, on xycofievog avrqt ovx anmteGSv avrov. OR THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. 157 21. And Menon, the Thessalian, was apparent desiring indeed greatly to be rich, but desiring to rule, that he may acquire more: and desiring to be honored, that he may gain to more : he wished also to be a friend to those being able do the most, that injuring, he might not suffer punishment. '22. And for the effecting of what he desired, he thought the shortest road to be both through false swearing, and de- ceiving and imposing, but thought both integrity and truth to be the same with folly. 23. And he was visible indeed loving no one, but to whomsover he professed to be a friend, he was manifest plotting against him. And he derided no enemy indeed, but always talked as deriding all those being with him. 24. And he did not indeed plot against the possessions the to difficult to take the of enemy; (for he thought & be but he alone property of those guarding ;) thought he knew that it is easy to take the property of friends as un- guarded. 25. And those whom indeed he perceived perjured and feared as well armed but he tried to use the unjust, he ; holy, and tiwse exercising truth, as unmanly. 26. And just as any one delights in_piety, and in truth and justice, so Menon delighted in being able to deceive, in in friends and he the framing lies, mocking ; thought man not crafty, to be of the uninstructed. And with whom indeed he attempted to be first in friendship, he thought that he ought to acquire these by traducing the first. 27. And he contrived to render the soldiers obedient from injuring along with them. And he expected to be honored and to be attended, showing, that he may be able and may be willing to injure the most. And he reckoned it a good deed, when any one withdrew from him, that having made use of him he had not destroyed him. 168 avrov 28. Kai fj.sv dr] ra aq>avtj s^san tyevdeadcu nsgi ds Tad' sen a Ttavrsg IGO.GI. UaQa AQiGTinna) psv G>V ezi cooro,', SifTtoaZaio aTQarayeiv r(ov &VKIV ds wv sn cooutoj ovxi oil eyfj'fro otxsioraro^ s^QiaKp fiayfiaucQ, rfisro xaXoi; jux/oi," 8s avroij tav aysveioj si%e &ctQV7tav oJ. JE rcov arzodvr on avGrQttvijywv t axovra)v, aw KVQCO fGToarsvaav em {laGttea ntnoir^atg TO. avra ovx artfdave' ds rov ftavarov rcav ct^tov T/ vjto fisra GTQaTtjyatv, (ua)p^^ft^ tmdavsvj ov% WGTZEQ K).saQ^og xot 61 a).).oi oaior- s rag xs 30. z/e Af\oq o s4Qxag, xat JSmxgaTtjg b s4%aiog, TOVTOJ xt ajtsdavfTqv. ds ovd* ovdsig xaTsysla roincov a>g xaxcav ev ovr epSfiqiETO avzovg eg qnhav TS TjGrrjv a.{i ETTJ ano yeveag. OR, THE ASCENT OF CYRUS. JQg 28. And indeed even as to things invisible, it is permitted to be deceived about these are all him ; but things which know. With Aristippus indeed being yet in the prime of life, he obtained to the and in his command foreigners ; being yet prime, he was most intimate with Ariseus, being a barbarian, because he in beautiful and he himself delighted youths ; being beardless, had Tharypas, a full-grown man, in amours. . 29. And his fellow-officers dying, because with Cyrus they made war against the king, though having done the same, he did not die then; but after the death of the other he died not as generals, being punished by the king, ; Clearchus and the other, being cut off as to their heads, (which seems to be the speediest death,) but living a year being treated indignantly, as wretched, he is said to have met his end. 30. But Agias, the Arcadian, and Socrates, th3 Achaean, these two also died; but not did any one deride these as cowardly in battle, nor blamed them with regard to friend- and both from their ship ; they were about forty years of age birth. 15 * f '* *, * . 4EM020ENOT2 OATNQIAKOZ AOFQ2. Aoros HPOTO. *.-. v 1. *Q avdQEg Adrjvaioi vofu^oa vpag av elsGdai am noJiJicav dgrtudrmv, ei TO, nsQ\ car axonsize wn, psM-ov avvoiaeiv TTJ nofoi, yevoiro -''I * 2. 'Ore Tolvvv T'jvro e%ei ovrcag, TtQoaqxsi sdeteiv axoveiv Toav fioviopevcov avfjifiovfavsiv. FaQ, ei TI$ r^oi n ^Qrjai^ov, dxovaavreg, ov fiovov dv lafioire rovro xat no\1.a r dsovrmv av tTttkdsiv ex rov TtaQa^Qtj^a fvtoig uTtsiv, wars. ZTJV tov av[ji(pQOVTos -yeveadat Qadiav vpiv tx djtavroav. 3. Ovv, o> dvdQES ^dtjvaioi, 6 rtaQwv XUIQOS psv d(piei$ (fowtjv novovov%t A^/, art iazi vpiv amoig a. Exewwr TGOV nQay^.aro)v, eintQ cpQWTi&rs VHEQ dvzcav de ovx bida ovziva TQOJIOV r^iEig doxov^isv /wot aura, de rays, tan doxovvza i/ioJ, p xat zr v rrv zqv fioydsiav, rtOQaaxzvaadai (xara t odov) t xat ortcog fioTjdrjaijzs tvde'vds, ortwg [it] nddrjze zavzov ortEQ xat TCQOZEQOV 8e TtEfinEiv TtQsafisiav qzig SQEI zavza, xat naQEGzai zoig rtQaynaciv' a>g rovro 8sog tazi 170 - t , *' , r t DEMOSTHENES' * At ^b ' " * OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS. ORATION I. 1. O ! Athenians, I think you would prefer instead of much wealth, if this, about which you deliberate now, about to be useful to the city, were made evident. 2. Since then this is so, it behoves you to be willing to hear eagerly those wishing to counsel you. For, if any one come, having thought on any thing useful, having heard it, not receive this but I only would you ; even regard as an of of effect your fortune, many these things necessary would come immediately to some to say, so that the choice of the useful would become easy to you out of all counsels. 3. Then, O Athenians, the present time indeed putting forth a voice, almost says, that there is to yourselves a seizing of those things, (i. e., you must lay hold of these affairs yourselves,) if at all you are concerned for the safety of yourselves. But I do not know what disposition we appear to me to have with regard to them. Now these are the things appearing proper to me, on one hand to decree to immediately assistance, and prepare, (in the way) the most speedy, that you may help from this city, and that you may not suffer the same which you suffered also before : but that you send an embassy which will declare these things, and shall attend to these affairs : as this fear is especially that hf 171 172 dsoGdevovg 0).vvdiaxoi tov Ttavovtt-'og x< dstrog a6 ardQGanog -/ijit ttv de K.I- (XT) zu TjVixa rv/ij, ufttit.wv 'fxrj in (8? rj.- uMg xat ' FIRST MOTIVE. Distrust in Philip's conduct. , i > * 4. X}.\ of v nrt trtiEMcaz Ad)\vu.m avdQEg, rovzo, ortQ TOJV sazi tarl di'6na%(OTazov 7tQot.ynu.TKiv (Ih\iri7tov t xt pe^.- , j riazov Vfuv. FaQ txsivov ovra fva TO tweet XVQIOV ndnwv xeei' xt oriTtav xal aTtOQnrpwv, x< /i azyurrft'ov, dsGnon,}-, xaJ Tf^/^, xa< Tta.QS.lvou dvzov n&vxofyov rtp aroarev^ari rtQOSj[Et Tto'ti.m fifv TtQog TO TtQCCTreadai Ta%v,xai xaza ret TtQaynaTot. zov Ttol.t'uov, ds fyfi tvavzitoz JIQO^ za$ ?.}';, txsivoi; aG^evog av noirfiouro rtQOj 'Ol.vvdiovc- fGzt dtjl.ov toig Ol.vvdioig ozi vvv no^^ovaiv ov TISQI do$ijg, 6v8e i>7tQ fjityov.; ^oa^ec^, aHa ^ot avuGzaasw^ xt dv8Qet.no- di*j[jov Ttjg nazQtdog' xai laaciv dz enoiijOE zovg T g> TS a\).(ag xai av S%COGI O[J.OQOV SECOND MOTIVE. TJie Olynthians will befaitfiful allies. f 3 5. Ovv qit]fu deiv vfiotg TIOZK fiG(fQOvzag ^(;/WT, 7t(>o6vnwg y.ni t&orzug dvtovg,xat ovSs ovde tM.em&vzag nqdev. J"nQ "hoyog oxijivig zov fit] fOe- Ttoisiv ).iv za Sfovza vjioXemezai szi v(j 6. o ' Pan Ttavzsg E9ovM.Eizs tog dsiv exno).eficoGai Oiovg (Int.iTtnq) yf,yovv avzopazov, xai Tavra tag av DEMOSTHENES' OLYNTHIAC OR AT IONS. 173 being an enterprising man, and powerful to make use of affairs, yielding indeed in some things when he may meet them, and threatening [in] some things, (but he would ap- pear justly faith-worthy in his threats,) but in some things accusing us and our absence, lest he turn away, and draw to himself something of all the affairs of Greece. 4. But opportunely, Athenians, that, which is the most formidable of the affairs of Philip, is also the best for you. For that he being one is master of all, both of things spoken, and not spoken, and, at the same time, general, and sove- reign, and umpire, and is present himself everywhere with the army, contributes much indeed to executing promptly, and in time, the affairs of the war, but he is in opposition to the reconciliation which he being pleased would make with the Olynthians: for it is evident to the Olynthiant. that now they war not for glory, nor for a portion of country, but about the ruin and enslavement of the country; and they know what he did to those of the Amphipolitans. giving up the city to him, and to those of the Pydnians having received him : and royalty is a [thing], I think, generally suspicious to republics, and especially if also they have a neighboring country. 5. Then I say that it behoves you, O Athenians, know- ing this, and thinking on all the other matters- which it be- comes you, to be willing, and to be stirred up, and to apply to the war, and now, if ever, contributing money eagerly, and going out to jight yourselves, and omitting nothing. For neither reason nor pretence of not wishing to do the things necessary is any longer left to you. 6. For what you all would say, that it is necessary to incite to war the Olynthians against Philip, has happened of itself, and these things have happened that they may especially 15* m 174 // EfioG Oevovg Olvvdianot Aoyoi. vuiv. ei vrto avsikovro TOV FUQ fjisv 7iiGdVTg vpcov xat , av qGav iGcog Gv^aj^oi GcpafaQOi, 8s [*%Qt TOV [jf^orov] ETtetSt] (UGOVGIV EX TCOV TO)*' Ttoog avrovg, ixog avrovg s%siv rqv fefiautv e^d ojv CDofiovvTou xat mrtovdaai. THIRD MOTIVE. Fatal effects of iiie negligence of the Athenians on former occasions. 7. At\ co avdQsg Adrpaxv^ ov dsi aqewou TOIOVTOV XCIIQOV TtaOeiv rto\- , ovde ravro oneQ ijdi] TtsnovOmce TZOOTSQOV FaQ si OTE rjXOfiEVy ^o/;(9/;xoz<,' xat '/(*| xat JZTQaxoxXqg A[n^,iTto\ir&v naQtjGav sni TO exrzl.Eiv xat rovxi, xshevovreg vpag 7ta.Qod.vt.n$aviVTrl vTtohv, fj^ xat avrav VTISQ r^av ir\v avrtjv itQodi'n rtiQtag EvfioEcov, tr/^rs av TOTE ^[irpuzohv, xat av r TS Ttavrcav rwv ravra- xat t artr]}.7.ay[*Evoi TtgaypaTcov fiera rtal.iv, tjvlxa Ilvdva TIoTidai, Msdctivrj, /laj'aaat xat raV.cc (iva. JM^ dictTQifio) teyopv xaff fxaara) CMtyYyaX&cro no).iOQXov- [MVU., El TOTE dVTOl E^O^d^dafjlEV Vl TOVTWV TO) 7tQ03T(p TtQO- dv^oig, xat (g JIQOG^KEV, av EQ^oi^Eda vvv TOJ (I>t)j.7t7tq> Qctovi xat nol.v /Is raflEivoTEQO). vvv [tsv die TtQoisfjiEvoi TO nctQov, ds T xat r oiOfiEvoi jMsAAorza GfflGEiv avTOfjiaTa xa).(og, tv^rjau- fiEv (Ihhnjiov, co avdQEg AOrpaioi, xat xaTEaTqGapEV Tijlixov* rov, faixog itco ovdsig fiaGilsvg Maxedoviag ysyore. THE FOURTH MOTIVE. It is necessary to fear leaving the tenevolence of the gods and fortune. 8. z/g wvi xaiQog TJXEI- rig; 'Ovrog> o TK>V dvTOfjiaTog ry 7to).i, 6g EGTIV E^UTTCOV ovdsvog TCOV rtf>r)Ti>cov. Kai rig doxsi av epor/E, co dvdQSg sfdqvatoi, xa- TCOV -&ECOV zaGTag dixatng j.oyi.GTr{ g vrtrjQ^HEVmv r^iiv TtaQa TCOV xainsQ Jtolhcov ovx S%OVTCOV cog 5ft, opcog, av %EIV fiEyafyv %aQiv avroig eixoTtog. Fag fisv rig av -&Eir] dixaing rrjg TO anol.w'kt.xEvai noHa. xara rov DEMOSTHENES' OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS. 175 aid you. For indeed if being persuaded by you they had undertaken the war, they would perhaps be allies unsafe, and having thought of these things until a certain \time\; but since they hate him on account of his criminations against them, it is likely that they have a steadfast hatred for what they dread, and have suffered. 7. Surely, oh ! Athenians, it does not behove you to let slip such an occasion happening, nor to suffer the same thing, which already you have suffered often before. For if when we came, having assisted the Eubteans, and when Hierax and Stratocles, deputies of the Amphipolitans, came to this tribunal, ordering yon to set sail and to take their city under you, had we displayed also for ourselves the same ardor, which we displayed for the safety of the Euboeans, you would then have Amphipolis, and you would be de- livered from all those affairs after these: and again when Pydna, Potidse, Methone, and PagasaB, and other places, them (that I may not detain you mentioning one by one,) were announced being besieged,, if then we ourselves had assisted one of these cities, the first attacked eagerly, and as it became us, we would now find Philip more easy, and much more humble. But now indeed always abandoning the present, but thinking things about to be of themselves favorable, we have both aggrandized Philip, O Athenians, and we have made him so great, such as never any king of Macedonia has been. 8. But now an occasion comes : What is it ? This, that of the Olynthians to the city, of its own accord, which is less than any one of those before. And any one would appear to me indeed, being established a just calculator of things granted to us from the the gods, O! Athenians, although many things not being as it behoves them to be, yet that they have great gratitude to them with reason. For indeed any one will justly attributefrom our negligence the having lost many things during the war : 170 JsuoGtJsvovg Okvvdiaxoi Aoyoi. de F, ai> nan sxeivrnv TO j'wj'fi O'EHjv evsQyETijua rrjg mvotag urjrs ntnovdtvcu rovro rtal.ai rs [TO] TtEcprjVEvai rjfuv nva Gv^ua-^iaf di-riQooTtov iovT(av, av >ovP.OjU$a %<>t]Gdai. A'D.a orfiat OTCEQ xat TffQi rng XT/;(TCO TOO? j[orj[iaTK>v fffTt nano^oiov. av xat oaa ar (*.i> n^ ocoffrj P.|%, f/t T^y nsyafyv %O.QIV rv%r]' de av lady avalwGaij, avravakcoae xat TO fie^rtjad Trv ovroa xat Oi' t %aotv ry Ti'%ij. [EGTIV] TIEQI ^roaj'iuaTa/ fir] ovds si Of>i]Gausvoi raig xaiQOig nvrt (iovi-vo^aiv t n TOJV 'scov ya.Q MO.GTOV rmv row XQWETUI eo ra noM.a TtQog TO exfav nlsvteuor. Aio xat del v/j-ag co avdQfg Adr^'aioi cpQOvnGcu acpodQa ttov \omwv Iva ETtavoQdoJGa^svoi zavra dnviQHjJconEda ir\v adol-iav tm FIFTH MOTIVE. The ambition of Philip always more active and more insatiable. The results which Hie abandon,' ing of the OlyntJiians would have for Athens. 9. z/e ei co avdyeg Adtjvcuoi, xat nQorjoa^da rovrovg sirs TOV$ avdQcortovg, EXEIVOS xTaffT(ji//Tat OlvvOov, T/, fjimv, 5 cav rooitov dia or nahv Iloridaiav, avdiq Medcovqv, Eira artfpt ravra svrQsmGay (I>eQa$, Ilayctactg Mayvrfiiav [xaTaJ j ov Epovkero. ca%sro eig 0Qaxijr, eira EXEI., psv V roar fiaGi).E %EiQt]GV Ql.vvdioig* ds aaQa).f.i7ta) Tag GTQ(tiiag avzov f-iti xat xat xai av Jlatoraj, rtQog AQV^UV ortt] rig ' Tt ovv, rig av smoi, Af^f^- Tai>Ta vvv jy^tv; 'Iva yvwrs, but I indeed would place as a good deed of benevolence from them the not having suffered this for a long time, and the having shown to us a certain alliance capable of repair- ing those evils, if we wish to make use of them. But I think that what is also about the possession of riches is similar. For indeed if any one preserve also what things he has re- ceived, he has great gratitude for fortune; but if he dissipate them unknowingly, he dissipates also the remembering of to fortune. thus also about affairs. gratitude [It ] Some men not rightly having made use of opportunities, neither re- member if anything useful has happened from the gods: for every thing of those preceding is judged for the most part according to the thing happening last. Wherefore also it behoves you, O ! Athenians, to think strongly of things re- maining, that having redressed these affairs, we may efface the dishonor on those things done. 9. But if, O ! Athenians, we also abandon these men if he subjects Olynthus let any one tell me what will be the tfiing still hindering him to march where he wishes? Now does any one of you, O ! Athenians, reflect and consider the manner by which Philip being weak at the beginning, be- came great ? First, having taken Amphipolis, after that, Pydna, afterwards, Potidea, then, Mythone, then, he in- vaded Thessaly : after that, having disposed of Pheres, and Pagasy, and Magnesia, [in] every way which he wished, he went away into Thrace, then there, on one hand, having driven away some [of the kings,]and, on the other, having the throne others of the placed upon kings, he became sick ; having again become well, he did not incline to idleness, but attacked the but I over his immediately Olynthians ; pass expeditions against the Iliyrians and the Peonians, and against Arymbas, and wherever any one might say. " "Why, then," some one may say, sayest thou these things now to us?" It is, that you may know, O Athe- nians, and perceive both affairs, and how the abandoning 178 /tsfi O dm Had" sxaGrov n rcov 7tQct.y(icn(ov [ dituvrag vrto qg OVA, EGnv ortcog ayaaqGag roig Gl Z/ fit SGrat CO.,' dl (JUSl O%rt fjGV%iaV. p.V EJVWXKtg, TZQttT- it ds TEIV nu^ov T03V vrtct()%ovrcav, t'j^fig a>g dvTik^mf.ov ovdsvog T0)v ittiaymiToav t-ooojuevoig, Gxoneire ti rig eXm>- nore IE).V~ ravra- jtQog O'swv, rig vftwv SGTIV ovrotg iviftqg bong . rov 7to).[iov S^OVTU sxeidev dsvQO, dv prjV si rovro ywrfisrai, dedoixot, K>V avdt)g [xaru] rov etvrov rQOTtov, a>GrtQ oi davi^0fivoi i roxoig fisv\oig [xara] [JIIXQOV %QOVOV, vGrQOV xai r em TroW.a), xai fyrovvreg drtavra Ttoog Eig avayxyv TZOISIV 7toD.a ovx sfiov}.0[ji0a, xai xifdvvsvGOJfisv TIEQI rwv i> rq ^av> airy. THE SECOND PART. . MEANS OP CAUSING THE EXPEDITION TO SUCCEED. First-. To send a body of troops into Olympus, and another into the very states of Philip. 10. M.EV ovv, rig rovro Eivai // co , Gvpfiovkov. /<, avdtjeg ^dijvawi, rovro, ori noJ./.axig vpfig aoisiafle tv ooyq rovg ov g te.).).a rovg vtnaimrf emoirug Tifniroav Trnayfiurtov av xara Of 6tiv nxoTtmn'rn xpfi / J.ufiOuiTrtitt ou 1 aaq T<>vg Grnurionttg nonfiovrsg rovro, xai TOO xvu rr^v %w()av T()itj(ieai xui irsyoig arQanwraig. DEMOSTHENES' OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS. 179 one one one of the affairs always by any [is] injurious, and the mad ambition which Philip makes use of, and with which he lives towards all, from which there is not a way how content being with things done, he shall have rest. But if, indeed, he shall be thoughtful, as it behoves always, to do something greater than the present, and i/"we think that we must perform no one of our affairs with ardor, consider if any hope is ever to terminate these : by the gods, who is there of you so simple, who does not know that the war is about to come from thence hither, if we take not care ? But yet if this happen, I fear, O ! Athenians, lest in the same manner as those lending and abounding easily in interest great for a little while, afterwards are deprived even of their old property, so also Ifear lest we appear idle at much expense, and seeking all things for pleasure, I fear that at last we may come to a necessity of doing many things and troublesome, which we would not wish to do, and Ifear that we would risk danger about property in the country itself. 10. Now then, some one will say, perhaps, that to blame is more easy, and in the power of every man, but to discover respecting present affairs, what becomes us to do that this is Hue part of an adviser. But I, O ! Athenians, am not ignorant of this, that often you treat in anger those not guilty, but the latter having spoken about affairs, if anything happen not according to your expectation. Not, however, do I think, at least, that it behoves one considering the private safety, to dissemble about what things I think to be useful to you. I say then that there is to you a necessity in two ways to bring help to your affairs, both by saving the towns to the Olynthians, and sending some soldiers about to do that and his ; by treating country badly, both by triremes, and by other soldiers. * * 180 Jepoadevovg OXvvdiaxoi Aoyoi. MOTIVE. The uselessness of one attack made on a single point. 11. As. EI oxvoj croarsia, o?4j'cop7/(TTe &aTEQOv roviKtv, (AT} rj Ttotovvrcov yEvtjrai fiazatog r^iv. FUQ eire, vncov i rrjv SXEIVOV xxco, vrtopsivag rovro, TtaQaattjGETdU oixsiav em rr^v [/wor] apvvEiTai QaSiwg' are, V\JLK>V avTcav fiovov ELS 'Ohvtdov, OQCOV ra otxot %ovra vcog, TtQoaxadEdsirai xai JtooaEdQEVGEi TO>$ TtQaypa 10) ZG3V %QOV(p 7to).lOQXOV[tVK)V. Atl d)j ttjV fioijdEtaV lV(tl 2d. To find necessary funds, and those of the theater must be appropriated. 12. Kcu fti> yt/rcocrxoj tavra TIEQI r^q fiorjOstag. de rtEQi ftOQOv %QT]iA,ar al.'koav As, TCOV avdQWTtav. 'v^isig J.a^avsrs rovra ovrcag (a$ Ow [ASV El UTtodcOGETE TUVTCl TOig d si ds piv ovdsvog TtOQOV [it], JtQ00$8i, dnavrog rov noQOv. Ti ovv rig av f.moi, GV OVA ravra sivai aTptmomxa; Ma Aia, eycoj/g- yttg psv tyoj 8siv rtfovfjiai GTQaTi&rag xazaGXEvaGdrjvar xc [Sf^] ravra Eivai GTQaTuarma, xcti piav avvra^iv Eivai rqv avrrjv, TE rov tep^ovw xat rov aoiEiv ra dEOvra. As, 'vpsig ^.a^avszs, sig rag eOQrctg ncog dvsv 7tQOt.y^ar(av. Ar\ eon howtov, 6i[tat navrdg EiGtyEQEiv nol^a ^Qrjfiara], av 8fy \^Qrj av dsi ohya [^(?^T] dey ohyav [^Qijfiarcav']. Jri rwv, xai O.VEV rovrcav ovdw r 11. But if you neglect one of these, I fear lest the expe- dition may become useless to us, for if you treating his country badly, he suffering this, will subject Olyn.hus, having gone to his own country he will easily defend it: if you having given help only to Olynthus, seeing his affairs at home being without danger, he will encamp near, and attend to his affairs, and will reduce, in time, the beseiged. It behoves then assistance to be great and two-fold. 12. And indeed I think these things, regarding assist- ance. But about the of there is to supply money ; money you, O Athenians, there are military funds to you, which are to no one of other men. But you take this money thus as you wish. Then in truth if you pay this money to those warring, there is need to you of no other supply: but if not, there is need of it, and rather there is " need of every supply. What then," would any one say, to "dost thou propose this money be military?" [i. e.,for ^ the not indeed for in I think it war.] By Jupiter, I, ; truth, becomes soldiers to be raised, and it behoves this money to be raised for and a to military, (i. e., war) single mode be the same, both of recovering, and of doing things neces- sary. But you take it thus for your feasts in some way, without affairs it is remain- (i. e., without utility.) Then ing, I think, that all contribute much, if there is need of much : little, if there is need of little. Surely, there is need of money, and without this, not one of those things neces- sary, is to be. But other orators mention also some other means, of which ye will choose whatever may appear to you to profit, and undertake affa'rs, whilst there is time. 16 182 /JEpoGdEvovf Olvvdittxoi THE SEQUKIi OF THE CONFIRMATION. FIRST MOTIVE. Philip's unfavorable state. 14. z/s xai aadcu rot. [ftTTfj'] a^tov evdvpijdrjvai koyia vvvi ovrs nrpaj'juara, v ' xsi, cat; ns axortow ovds o>z uv xakharcu si avrov av $t]i>eyxe nors. rovrov rov Ttofepov, (pqdr] TO. Ttol.epeiv* A\\a qlm&v avaiQ^aeadai anarca. TOTS Kt Ttl03V XT (xl ftro) dlSlfJEVGTCU. Ar\ TOVTO jiQcorov yrfovos Jiaoa vvca^v TCiQarrei avrov, xai 7ia.Qe%i advfiiav avrcp' sira ra rcov 0TTa^.aw. PaQ ravra xat dsi rp> iiw amnia naaiv avOgoanoig dtjTtov (jivasi- xat vvv ttasv xat ds tan TOVT&) xo|Kt6g KHHISQ tjv. FaQ tiby- artcuTEtv dvrov nayaaat;, xt xexcoAvxaat 15. de ej'eoye rpovov TWCOV K>$ ovds dwGoiEv atsro) eri xaQTtovadai TOV roig xazaaTqaercu dvrq> xopifrrj sis GTEVOV. v, %QT] fft'Eiodat tovye Flaiova, xcu TOP 'l\l.vf)iov, xat a rovrovg av sivai qdiov avtovopovs xat xat eiaiv rov TJ dovhovg' yaQ arjdstt; xazaxoveiv rtvoc, xat i; Aia. ovdsv [eariv] VJPQIGT^, w? qoadt. Kai //a % drtiarov. ev yag TO TtQarrsiv nctqa. rr\v a^iav yivsra.1 avor/pois acpOQpr] TOV (pQOVEiv xaxcoj- dioitEy Tto'D.axiq TO rayada doxEi Etvai %a),7t(OTQov rov SECOND MOTIVE. The AtJwnians ought not to spare a an occasion use them man who, upon , would badly. 16. to Toivvv (8f/, Vjwa?, avdQE$ A0rp>aioi vo^iaavra^ rtjv DEMOSTHENES' OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS. 183 14. But it is proper to reflect and to reason upon affairs, in what state those of Philip are now established. For neither the affairs are present found with him very excellent, (as it appears, and as any one would say, not considering tliem exactly,) nor as very illustrious : neither would he have ever undertaken this war, if he had thought that he would need to make war. But he hoped to gain all these things then, when having come: and then he has been deceived. Now this first affair happening contrary to his expectation, troubles him, and causes great discouragement to him : then the affairs of the Thessalians trouble him. For, these people were indeed faithless, even always to all men cer- tainly by nature, and they are even now towards him entirely as they were always. For they are even deter- to ask mined back from him Pagasae ; and have hindered him to fortify Magnesia. 15. And I have heard from some that they would neither grant to him any more to enjoy their ports and %; for it behoves them to administer the commorOlt fw$ property of the Thessalians from that which it would not behove Philip to obtain. And if he be deprived of this money, that money for the matntainance to foreign troops will be reduced to him quite to a strait. But indeed it be- hoves us to think the Peeonian and the Illyrian, and, in a word, all those would be more willingly independent and free, than slaves: for also they are unaccustomed to obey any one, and the man Philip is insolent, as they say. And, by Jupiter, nothing perhaps in that is incredible : for to do well against merit becomes to senseless people an occasion for thinking badly: wherefore often to guard property seems to be more difficult than to acquire it. 16. Then it behoves you, O! Athenians, thinking upon 184 dsfioadevovs OJivvdiaxoi Aoyoi. avvaoaaOcu ra axaiQiav rrp EXEIVOV V^IETEQOV XUIQOV Eroiuojg 8st xai 7ro7fiara, xr TtQEGpsvo^svovg em a [y^ag], vg avrovg, xai aano&vovrag drtavrag rovg ).aoi rotovrov xaioov xra ov avtov av sWsiv em fjuag; 'Eira ovx aiGyvvsads, ft ^ds e^ovrsg XCUQOV, noir^cu ravra a, av jiadoirs ^ dvvairo. THIRD MOTIVE. If they do not fight at Olynthus and in Macedonia, they will be compelled soon to Jight in tfieir own territory. 17. Toiwv w dvdosg Jfdrjvatot, prjds rovto STI vpag, on SGTIV aiQsaig vpiv vvv, TIOTSQOV %Qq vpag exswov Fan ear ra TWV 'Ol.vvdicav sxet, rj iWQa Vfiiv. per, avT%ri, vpsig 7io7.sp]Gze Ixet, xat ftonjasrs TIJV sxeivov xaxft),' rrjv vnaoxovaav, xat xaonovpsvoi d8e otxeiav tie av XO)).VGSI zijt> [^coyaj']' ffriktTtTtog Jiafiij exstva, rig Xiav rt avrov QmStQtaf dsvQo; Oqfiaw, ['Oxj'to] prj y mxoov j4}.\(t 6vx smew Gvi>eiGfia),ovaiv sTOtficog. (frwxsig ; Oi ovreg OIOITE (pv^arrsiv TIJV oixeiav [^co^t'], eai> vpsty ^ 'ff co fiorfdrjGqis. rig aMog ; AU.a zav, [w Erav,] [rig TE av Eir rear uroTtwra- ieyei] ov%i fiovlyGErat. [ot'x] t psv rcov, EI dvvqdEtg, pi] 7raJt ravxa a oyhiGxavcav uvoiav exJia- Is/ sfM*a //.;x ofitog vvv, ftrjv qyovftai ovds TtQoadstv ).oyov EGri ra svdads EI ft. ftiacpooa TZo^t^tsiv y tx. FaQ V[iag avrovg yEVEGtiai E%K> rniaxorra ^EQceg povag, xai oGct fiavsiv xcav EX rqg %woag uvctyxr], %QOjpsvovg G iv (/.eyco pqdEvog ffofajptov ovrog avry,) otfuu rovg av t][ua)di]vai ateov q 6aa totomtanjttu eig dnavrct. rov ei noisfiov TIQOTOV. A& dr] rig nofafiog I]XEI noaa %QIJ DEMOSTHENES' OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS. 185 the unfavorable time of this man, to be your opportunity to push forward promptly your affairs, and sending deputies to those places to which it behove* you, and making war your- selves, and inciting all others, reflecting that if Philip take such an occasion against us, and if the war happen in our country, how promptly do you think him about to come against us 1 Then do you not blush, if you dare not, not having an opportunity, to do those things which you would suffer if he were able. 17. Therefore, O Athenians, let not this still escape your notice, that there is a choice to you now whether it be- hoves you to war there, or him to war with you here. For indeed if the affairs of the Olynthians resist, you will make will treat war there, and you badly (i. e., ravage it) the country being possessed by him, and enjoying fearlessly this own : but if seize those your country t Philip possessions of the Olynthians, who will hinder him even to march hither? The Thebans? Ifear lest it may be too disagree- able to say they will join readily with him. But will the Phocians ? Those not being capable to defend their own country, if you do not assist them. Or will any other assist will it. them ? But O ! my friend, says one. he not attempt And would it not indeed be of the most unpleasant affairs, if being able he shall not do those things, which though in- I think we shall curring folly, he yet utters now. But truly neither need a discourse to show how great at least is the difference to make war here or there. For if it behoved you yourselves to be abroad thirty days only, and to take of those things from the country, which there is necessity to use of an of no obtain, making army, (I speak enemy in the I oeing country itself,) think your cultivators would experience more than what has been expended for all that war before. But surely if any war come, how much does it 17* 1 86 Jsp*. 0^vov<; O).vv 6 tuxoi doyoi. xcu r ; t vjf row nQayfiarwv slarroav ovdepta.; OKKfQOlGl. PERORATION. All itie citizens, rich, poor, servants, or private persons have an interest, to iise the same zeal to save Olyntiius. z/ 18. dij aTtavTctg cvndovrag ravttt fiorfietv xai Otiv rov 7to).ffjiov exetdf per rov^ SVTIOQOVS, iva a.vot.l.iGxovTg fir/.na iirtfQ rear noJ.li.wv a>v Ttoiovvreg xaAeo? t^ovcrt, xaoTicov- l.otrta rcu ra a8f,o)^' de rovg iv ?J?.txta ivd xTijaapsvoi rr^v ep- rov 7to)^iv tv ir] % T(ov 7tf7to),iTVfiV(av yfvmvTcu Qadtat avroig' a5<; tascde xat avrotg roiowoi XQITCU rcov aertQaynevoov onoia ra eara dv TtEQiGrg v^tag. de hr^ %Qt]Gra dvsxa navrog. DEMOSTHENES' OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS. 187 behove us of experiencing loss ? and insult will be added and even the shame of our affairs less than any loss at least to wise men. 18. It behoves them all beholding these things, to assist, and lo drive war hence: on one hand, the rich, so that sacrificing small things for great things which they doing well and the rest fear it possess, enjoy without ; but behoves those in age to carry arms, that having acquired the expe- rience of warring in the country of Philip, they become formidable guards of the nviolate country : and it behoves the orators that the accounts of affairs administered become easy to them : as you shall be also to them such judges of things done, as shall be the affairs which shall establish you. And may thpsse he favorable to every citizen. AOTO2 JETTEP02. SUBJECT OF THE DISCOURSE. The request of the Olynthians had been granted. A decree promised them assistance, the sending of which was delayed by the fear which the Athenians had of engaging in a war with an enemy so formidable as Philip. Exordium by insinu- ation the war which is kindled between Philip and a people so near his states, is a sensible proof of the good- will of the gods for the Athenians. 1. Tig (iev doxei juoi av ideiv, o> drdiieg ^dqvatot, irp evvotav Ttaoa za>t> {teatv ysvop&v-rp cpavsQav zy nohei, em 7tn).).(ov, de ov% fjXiGza ev zoig TtQaypaai itUQOvoi. fuQ TO zovg no^e^Gavzag (L>th7t7iq>, xexTrtfASvovg xcu %o3Q(tr xat nva 8vvap.iv, xou (TO neyia zr/v yvwuyv vnsQ lov no^fiov TOiavTijv, tag dutUiayas ftQog exeivov eivcu rtQwrov fiev amorovg, etra avaaraaiv trjg narQiSog savrcov, toixe ztn evsQyeaia oa//*oi'/, xat aarzanaai &sia. Totvvv dst dvzovg, ca avdyeg Adrpaioi, axortsiv rjdtj TOVTO, ortosg p.rj do^mfiev %etQOvg TtSQi i^iag ainovg ZK>V VTtctQxovzmv wg kazi ZK>V dia%Q(ov, de ftaJiiov cua%iGzojv Ttohewv xai zonwv wv (faiveodai fjirj fiovov Ttooeqtevovg rjfAev fioze xvQioi, aV.a xcu ze Gvp[ta%(ovxaixaiQ(av7ta()waxevaG9v- zojv vno zr/g zv%T]g. EXPOSITION. The enlargement of Macedonia caused by the indolence the of Athenians, fyc. 2. ( ' I>d.ifZ7tov xat dia (."'."', TtQOZQeneiv v^iag zovzcor zcav "koywv noietv za zt dfovza e%siv ov%i xaX. ^ta ; 6zi navza ooffi zig av finr} vfteQ zovzwv doxei pot fiev e%uv ziva cpi),ozt(*ia)> exeivq), de JiQercQa^dai ov%t xu).wg rjniv. FaQ pet 188 DEMOSTHENES' OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS, ORATION II. 1. SOME one indeed seems to me to have seen, O ! Athe- nians, the benevolence of the gods become visible to the state, in many things, but not less in the present affairs. For that there have arisen those warring against Philip, possessing also a bordering country, and a certain power, and (the greatest thing of all) having the purpose for war such; as to think treaties with him to be, first indeed, faithless, then, the ruin of their own country, appears by a certain godlike benevolence and altogether divine. Therefor, O! Athenians, it behoves ourselves to consider this now, how we shall not appear worse towards ourselves than our present circumstances, as it is of shameful things; but rather of very shameful things to appear not only abandon- ing cities and places of which we were formerly masters, but even abandoning both allies and opportunities furnished by fortune. 2. Then indeed, O ! Athenians, I think to go over the force of Philip, and to excite you by these discourses to do the things necessary to be not well (i. e., useless.) Why? Because all things which any one may say about these forces, appear to me indeed to have a certain glory for him, and to have been done not well for us. For indeed 189 190 Jspoadsvovg Olvvdiaxot Aoyoi 6 vom'Crtai ncwa naci ZOGOVZO) &av[jiaGzozsQO oGq> itETtoitjxe nlxiova rrv zrv dvzov de a.i vitsQ t afyav t vpeis ajqp^xare zosovzw rt/.eioi'cc oacp %e%orjGde zoig jiQaj^aGi %EIQOV Mei> 7iaf>a).tu>o) ovv zavra. fag xat, co dvdQe^ Adrpaioi^ si Ti svdevSe, ovfi naQot. dvrov. Ovv ov%i o^co vvv zov XOUQOV TOV Wl> Af}'f TOVTCOV [iV EXElVOg OySlfel %U.()IV T0l$ 8s oig VTIEQ I/TOV, 5s TtQoaqxEi 'vp.iv hapEiv dtXTjV sircsiv zavia d svi xai j(a>ot rovtwv xai SGTIV PE).TIGTOV 'trees' nanai,' axyxosvat, xai, to dvdQEg j40rjvu.tot, cpcuvoir' av xar sxuvw [isvaXa ovsidt] ^ov).0fisvoig doxifia^siv OQdcoj. Ovv psv rig av ytjGEts dixaiwi TO xateiv [qptXtTT^of] smogxov xt amazov, avsv xov dsixvvvai ra TtErtQaynEva, ewai iodoQiav xsvyv. 4s xai Gvppaivsi zo 8iE%iowa aavza oca sn^a^s fHOTtOZE ).E~f%lV ETtl 'ajtUGl ZOVZOig dsiG0ai fiQa%0 \OJOV, xat riyov(ji TOVtf 'vjtst)EX7t7t).Tft'[isvovs,zov CONFIRMATION. FIRST MOTIVE. Sd many nations whose confidence Philip has deceived, will not let themselves be abused, a second time, by his promises. 3. Fay eya> ps*, ca avdQsg jJdqvaioi, xai avzoy av fiyovpai zov' thjtrtov sivai GyodQa yopEgov xai Oavpaozov, ei avzov r ewQwv t v^rt nEvov rtQazzovza za dnaia. de vvv &f<0()ojv xai Gxoncav ) zr v SVQIGXW [VTOI ] JtQOGayo^Evoif psv t ' zo xar' OQ^ag, 6zs zivsg ani^avvov fjfuv, zavzat zq> DEMOSTHENES' OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS. 191 this man is thought by all so much more astonish- ing as he has done more things above the merit of himself: but you have incurred shame by so much greater as ye have served affairs worse than it behoved. I shall indeed pass by then these. For also, O Athenians, if any one would consider with truthfulness, he would see him become thence e. having great (i. by your means) not by himself. Then I do not see now the time to speak of those things of which indeed he owes the favor to those citizens for e. in his but governed him (i. interest), for which it behoves you to inflict punishment : but I shall endeavor to mention those things which are still apart from these, and which it is important for you all to know, and which, O ! Athenians, would appear against him a great reproach to those wishing to judge rightly. Then indeed some one would say justly, that to call Philip perjured and faithless, without showing the things done, is a vain defamation. But also it is meet that the going over all those which he has ever done, to convict him upon them all, need a short I discourse ; and think those to have been mentioned, will profit on account of two reasons ; and for this, that he ap- pear base, (which even is found true,) and for this, that those admiring Philip with fear, as one invincible, should see that he has passed by all those by which having previously de- ceived, he has now become great, and that his affairs come to the same end. 3. For indeed, O ! Athenians, I would also myself think Philip to be very formidable and wonderful, if seeing him become great doing things just : but now contemplating and considering, I find him having deceived, on one hand, our simplicity, in the beginning, when some citizens drove the Olynthians hence, wishing to speak with us, by this, 192 depOGPfvovg Olvv&iaxoi -lo TtattadcoGEtv rqv ^4^q)iTtohv, xat xaraaxfvaativ anoonifrov Ol.wdlCOV fXSll'O TO &OV)./.OV^.VOV JtOTE" 8s Tt]V (flhdtV f*T TiTa, TO) e$e).iv IIoTidaiav OVGUV r^ersQav, xat fiev adtxtj- ds ds aai rjftag roiv avfifia^ovg TIQOTS^OV, TtaQadovvai exstvoig, vvv ra Tefavtaia, 0Tzcc?.oi'j,' rq> oTtoG'^sadai Ttayadcaasiv Mayvrfiiuv, xat avad^aadui no"ks^osiv VTIEQ airiwv, iov ' no).f[j.ov (frcaxixov. zJs o/.cos ovdei.^ raw eaTiv Qvriva 6v xecpevuxixe. FU.Q t^anatoiv xat asi rtjv avoiav exaaTajy xcav nyvonvvzwv avrov, dice rovrwv 'Ovv oaGJtfQ 'ijudq nsyag qvixa fxaGtoi '(p rtga^Etv n Gvp. 7loi(ov jzavra svExa lavrov. /Jq [ir, ca ra. TtQayfJiatct, noQEOTt SECOND MOTIVE. His allies are disposed to abandon him ; his power is only founded upon injustice and bad faith ; it cannot support itself. 4. Kat fit> li rig vpcov fisv qysirai ravra e^stv ovrco, 8t oifrai avrov xade&iv $ia ra rtQayftaza, rq> ra ^wota xai lipEvag xat ra roiavra, OIETKI ovx per orav ra HQaypara avGrfl into vvotag xat ravra, Ttaai 61 roi$ fisrs^ovGi rov ao),[wv t dv xat Gvpnovfiv xat (fQiv rag GvprfiOQag xat df orav rig iGyvcq, coansQ ovrog, ex fdeovE^tag xat xat novr]Qiag, i\ itQtarr} ngocpaGig rtraiGpa (HXQOV avs%airiGe xat di).vGv drtavra. FaQ ovx EGTIV, ovx eanv ca avdQg AOrjvouoi, adixovvra xat ejttOQXovvra xat DEMOSTHENES' OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS. 193 in professing to deliver up Amphipolis, and preparing secretly that affair, formerly noised abroad, and having surprised the friendship of the Olynthians after this, in seizing Potidnea, being ours, and indeed to have injured us previously his allies, and to deliver it to them, and as to the last affairs, the Thessalians, by promising to give up Mug- nesia, and to profess to make war for them, viz., the Phocian war. And, upon the whole, there is no one of those having served him whom he has not deceived, for deceiving and attracting to himself always the ignorance of all those not knowing him he has become great thus. Then as he has been raised great through these means, when all thought him to do something useful for them : so it also behoves to be reversed again by those same means, since he has been convicted doing all things for himself. Now indeed, O! Athenians, affairs are with Philip at this point of time, either let some one advancing, show to me, (but rather to you,) either that I do not speak these things true, or that they having been deceived at first will believe him as to the rest, or as the Thessalians having been subjected contrary to their merit, would not become willingly free. 4. And indeed if any one of you really thinks these to be so, but supposes him to retain by force his affairs, by possessing himself beforehand of fortresses and ports, and such like places, he does not think wisely. For indeed when affairs are regulated by benevolence, and when the same things con- tribute to all those participating in the war, men wish also to labor together, and to support reverses, and to remain faithful; but when any one is strong, as this man, by covetousness and wickedness, the first occasion,' and a slight shock, reverses and discomfits all affairs. For it is not possible it is not possible, O ! Athenians that a man acting unjustly, and being perjured, and telling falsehoods, 17 * 194 J epoG Oevovg Okvvdiaxoi Aoyoi. *rr]GaGddi Swapiv fepcuav aV.a za roiavra dvre%ei per eig TT| xat eig XQOVOV pQa%vv, xai rjvdqGS GcpodQa ye em raig elmaiv, av rvxn, de roj %Qor(p ycooarai xai xaraooei TtfQi 1 xat TT/.OIOV dvra. FUQ oipat, atartSQ Ssi ra v.oa.K>df.v ojxtrei, xat T03V uJi).oav TOJV xoiovTwv swat iG%i<()orara, bvrat xat rag UQ^a^ xt rag vrtofaasts rwv TtQa&wv sivai xat dixaiag. At, vvv rovro ovx Ivi roig nTtQay^voig the Conclusion suitable to the object of the oration, and motives which the orator unfolds. 5. dsiv roi xcu Ar\ (ptjfjii vfiag dpa (if.v ^orflsiv 'OXw^tot^, de [ioi bvrcog oncag rig fayei xahhora xat ra^tdra' r ravra rtQog Ofrraiovg jtQEGpsiav, t dtSa^ei rovg (AEV, xai vvv etoiv drtaireiv de JiaQo^vrei rovg* yog t\i>i](fiG(jLEvoi Ilayaaag xat noietadou koyovg ttsQi frlayvqaiag. Msv roi axorteiade, e%s}.T]}.vdoT(nv d^uog rqg nofawg xai ortcav I ug [iev dnag loyo?, dv ra nQa^fiara. any cpaiverai n paraiov xai xsvov, de fiahGra o naga rqg rjftersQag aolecog. Ttdvreg drtiGrovGiv avrca roaovry paM.ov oG(p doxovpev dvria eroiporara. ds deixreov rtjv peraGraGtv itoHrjv xai rrjv fj.erapo7.Tjv ^.sya\rjv^ EiGcpSQOvrag, ifyorrag, jtoiovrrag djiavra srotfjicag, ehteQ rig TtQOGe^ei rov vow vfuv. Kai kdf^rj- Gijre neQaiveiv ravra cog JtQOGtjxei xai dei, ov fiovov, co dvdgsg ra Adr^aioi, GV[ipa%ixa cpavtjGerai . e%ovra aodecog xat aitiGrwg (iJihjtTto), dU.a xai ra rqg aofflg xai tiac; e%etey%dt]Gerai iyjona. THIRD MOTIVE. Macedonia is, of itself, iveak, and has power only ichen united, until other nations. 6. xat FOQ [iev 6X00? tj Maxedovixt] 8vva[iig DEMOSTHENES' OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS. 195 shall possess a durable force : but such things endure indeed for a time, and for a short time, and flourish very much according to hopes, if it happen, but with time they are surprised, and fall into ruin of themselves. For I think, as it behoves these things -in the lower part of a house, and of a ship, and of other such things, to be very strong, so it is proper also for the principles and foundations of actions to be true and just. But now this is not in those things done by Philip. Now I say that it behoves you at once, indeed, to assist the Olynthians, and it pleases me thus how any one speaks illustriously and promptly ! and to send to the Thessalians a deputation which shall make known these things to them, and shall animate them. For they too have now resolved to re-demand Pagasse, and to make speeches about Magnesia. observe ! so that the Nevertheless, f O Athenians, deputies from us shall not only utter speeches, but shall even have to show some action, we having gone out against tlie enemy in a manner worthy of the city, arid of those being employed in our affairs : as indeed every speech, if our actions are wanting, appears something vain and empty, but especially the message from our city. For all distrust it by how much more we seem to make use of it most promptly. But you must show a considerable change, and a great altera- tion, contributing means, and going out against the enemy, doing all things promptly, if indeed any one shall apply the mind to wish to heed to you (i. e., if you anyone give you.) And if you wish to end these affairs as it is proper, and it allies will behoves you, not only, O ! Athenians, the appear being weak and faithless to Philip, but even the affairs of his own realm, and of his own power shall be found being in a bad state. 6. For indeed, generally, the Macedonian power and empire 196 dspo adevovg OlvvOiaxot note per sv [ifQsi TtQOGdtjxtjg tan ng,ov GftWQa (oiov vitq^e rovro vptv erci Tipodeov rtQog OhvvOiovg- Ttahv av eyavq n Q7.vvOiotg TiQog floridaiav ds wv i^ foaovGi xai Graoia&vci xai rezaQaypevoig oMiav xi, oijuat navra caqje).i oTifl n^ av xt pixrtav) ds avrrj Kara avrqv eariv xaxco^. FaQ xat ovrog drtaai rovroig, oig rig dvrov pe'/av roig no7.epoig xat rats tri e7ti FOURTH MOTIVE. The Macedonians do not at all par- take of Hie passion of their king for war. 6. ca rs flhhrtrtov xaj FO.Q fjitj oieode, dvdQe<; AQi]va.im, g aoyon?vovg %aiQeiv roig avroig' alia o pev sTtidvfiet xai xat v.iv8v- , e&fioaxe rovro xai riQor^nrirai, ftQarrwv av vevoav, ftadeiv, n d'ufa, ijQTjfievos rqv do^av rov diaagal-aG- dai Tttfza, d ftqdeig al.hog fiaGilevg Maxedovcav Ttojrtore, avrl TOV de ov rr TJV aaqpaP.oo? ; (JLSV person roig t g qpjlortftta? rqg drto rovrwv de dei xonropevoi ravraig GrQareiatg raig re arm xai xarco, hvitovvrai xai ralaiTtcoQOVGiv Gvve%K>g, twfjtevoi diarytfieiv ovre em roig eQyoig ovre roig Idioig avrwv, ovrs e%ovreg diaOeGdai ravra ocra av noQiGwGiv ovrag onwg av dia rov dvvowraty rcov efinoQioav roav sv rrj %K>Qa XExheiGpevcav FIFTH MOTIVE. Jealous of the merit of anotJier, an enemy of truth, surrounded by flatterers and the depraved, Philip, by his vices, sets tlie foreigners whom he has in his service, and his own subjects, against himself. 7. Ow [jsv rig av. Gxeyairo ov ^alfzrco? ex rovrcav ol nokkoi Maxedovcov e%ovGi QOI ovreg Tteui avrov, S%OVGI [lev 8o%av, tag eiGi &ai>na xai ra rov avyxexQorquevoi nofaftov ds, cag ej'co qxovov DEMOSTHENES' OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS. 197 by part of an addition, indeed, is some power, not small as it was once to you, under Timotheus against the Ol ynthians : yet, again this, a power united with them, seemed to be something to the Olynthians against Potidaea: but now it has assisted the Thessalians, discordant and agitated by factions and harassed against the tyrannical and I think all where one adds family ; things profit any power though small : but this state by itself is weak, and full of he all many evils. For even (Philip) by these things by which any one might think him great, by wars, and expeditions has rendered it for himself yet weaker than it was by nature. 6. For, do not think, O Athenians, that both Philip and his subjects rejoice in the same things; but he, indeed, desires glory, and seeks it, and is determined, agitating and exposing himself to danger, to suffer, if any thing reverse happen, preferring the glory of having accomplished those things which no other king of the Macedonians has ever done, instead of living securely : but indeed, there is not to of that ambition for these but them any things ; always tormented by those expeditions, on this side and on that, they grieve and are constantly unfortunate, suffered to at remain neither their toils, nor .at their own affairs ; nor being able to arrange these which they have acquired, so as they may be able, the markets in the country having been closed on account of war. 7. Then, indeed, some one might observe notdifficultly from these, how the most of the Macedonians are in feeling towards and the and select Philip ; certainly foreigners infantry being about him, have indeed a fame that they are admirable and well exercised in the things of war; but as I have heard 17* 193 JffjioGdsvovg OXwdiaxot Aoyoi. . ooo Tivog TCOV -ffytvyusvav tv TTJ atf^> avdnog oiovre ov8u(t(ag WEt'dsaGui. EtGl fie/.TlOVg OvdtVGtV. fctQ flV 81 Tig atljO SGTIV oiog sv avroig l^TrsiQog rtolenov xai ayatvcav, tqttj avrov nnnag TOVTOV^ pv (piioriftiff ^ov\0(ievov nana ra doxetv stvai avrov av xt rrv 'fag rtpos TO^ Ho/, t (irai 8e et QOs avwr^f//.j/T(w rig GK> Kara fjufoav, xat fisdr/v xat xon8axiG[jiov$, TOP TOIOVTOV jtaQSw- Qaadat xat eivcu sv fifQSi ovdeyo-;' dq "hrfivaq xat xoAaxa xat ToioiTovg oiovg avdQWTtovg, psdvadEvrag, OQ%eiaOai roiavra ota lyta vvv oxvca ovofAaGcu rtooi; vua,', firat \oiitovg JISQI tGTiv xa/ avrov. At dqior ozt zatTa (t}.rfl^. POQ ajaain. xai l^et TtSQi avTOV tovzovg ovg jzavrsi; ajtr^avvov svdsvds 003 orrat; rroAv aGstysGTSQOvg TOJV ^avp.aro nouav, exeifov Ku/./.mv rov dr xai roiovzovg utuov,' xai t uoGiov, avdQGxiovs yel.ouav aGfiaroiv aiG^Qwv (av noiovoiv fig rovg avvovrag SIXTH MOTIVE. The war, in approaching from the the frontiers of Macedonia, discloses all disorders of the life of Philip, and all the internal evils of his country. 8. A^at TO/ Tavza, xat Tt jjyerrat pixoa, SGTI^ ta avdQsg ev Tr xai AQrpaioi, roig cpQOVovaiv [isyala der/fiaTa t g. yvca^ig xaxo8ai[iot>iag sxstvov. ^4ii.d, onuti, TO xuTOQdovv frtioxorei Tovroig vvv fiev yaQ at t^roa|ta* dsivat crvvxotn^at xat GVG- xiaoai TU oveidrj TOiavra' 8s ii TI maiGeiz, TOTE navra avrov As. doxsi co f^eraGOrfGErai axotpag' sfiorf-s, av8nsg AvSQtg AOqvcuoi, 8etfiv ovx tig paxQav, -av TC 6t ^sot &e).(oai, xai G9s. ev vpetg ^ov\rt FOQ toGrtSQ TOig aoapaGtv tj^av per, (a>$ av Tig rj toncafisvog, enaiGdarsrai ovdsv xadsxaGTa TWF 8e fjtav TI aQQmGTr^a av[t$T}, navra xtretrat, xav xay GTQr^fia, xav TI orHo TOW vnaQ^onoyv 5 aadgov DEMOSTHENES' OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS. 199 from some one of those men born in that country, a man in no to capable way falsify, they are not better than any others. For indeed, if there is any man such among them experienced in war and battles, he declared to me that he all expels those indeed from jealousy, wishing all his works to appear to be his own, for said he to me, again besides these other affairs that also the jealousy of the man is excessive, but if any one modest or otherwise just, not able to bear the intemperance of his life every day and his drunkenness and buffooneries, that such a man is despised, and is in the of as part nothing ; (i. e., regarded nothing,) thus, said he, that robbers and flatterers and such like men being drunk do perform such dances asl now dread to name before you, are remaining about him. Now it is evident that these things are true, for also he loves and has about himself those whom all have driven hence as being much more wicked than the doers of wonders that man Callias, the public slave, and such men, imitators of buffoons and makers of shameful songs which they make against men, being with them for the sake of being laughed at. 8. And, indeed, these things if even any one think them little, are O ! Athenians to men thinking wisely great proofs of the character and of the evil genius of him, Philip. But I think his succeeding now indeed obscures these, for these successes are powerful to conceal, and to obscure such but if should then all these dishonors ; any thing check, infamies of him shall be disclosed accurately. And he seems to me, O ! Athenians, to showitinnolongtime, ifeven the gods will it, and you resolve it. For as in our bodies indeed, whilst any one is strong, he perceives nothing of each one of the parts affected, but when any infirmity happens, all the parts are moved, even if it is a fracture, and if it is a dislocation, even if any other thing of the parts existing be affected, 200 dfnoadevovg OJivvQiaxoi Aoyoi. ovzo) TO. xaxa xai zcav 7to).sa)v xai zcov ZVQUWOJV fir,s(og av i|co, EGZIV arfiavi] zoig nofootg, 8s snsidav izofapog ETIOI^GS Ttavza SEVENTH iVfonvE. The Athenians have mare reason than their enemy to rely on the protection, of tfie gods. If tfiey experience disgrace, they have only to accuse tfieir own inactivity. 9. // ft its vfiwv, oj dvdpsg ^46t]raioi, OQWV TOV wrtov ococpoovos' yp ^ zv%t] tart fiE'/a).t]'Qonr^ ds SGTI oiov naQa. Ttavza za rtQctynaza. zoav avOQcortdJV. aD,a si Ov n^v kycoys, zig dotrj fioi diQSGiv, av s).oifjDjV zqv TZOISIV zt~g TjiiEzeQag 7io7.eoig (i-juwv avzwv IdsXovzcov a t xaza r exsivov pixQov,) t rr\v rap OQW a ov i avzov. d>] ye fiq zoig &soig zi. Jq Gztr {^avfiaGzov sxeivog GZQazEVOfifvog avzog xai novwv xai 7taQ xai 'Wrjyi^Ofjisvwv xai nvvdavo^vrnv. de tyta ov zovzo- yctg zovravziov qv d-av^aGzov si }]pig noiovrzsg ^dfv wv nooaqxEt zoig notefiovGi, n^Qir^v zov rtoiovvzog a dei. A}&<*. ftavjia^w exsivo, i, (a avd^eg v 7toz avzrjQaze ^axedaifiovioig i>7tQ zcav dixaiwv xai it).ovXzrGai 7lo/.ia f$ov v^iv TtoHaxig t idia ovx r t afoot arrhGXEZ za t d^.tjGaz iG thus these evils both of the cities and of tyrants indeed, whilst they make war abroad are invisible to the many, but when a neighbouring war is engaged in, it rendersxall these things visible. 9. But if any one of you, O ! Athenians ! seeing Philip prospering by that think it formidable to make war against him, he, indeed, uses the reasoning of a wise man, for fortune is a great weight, but rather it is every thing in all affairs of men. But not indeed I, at least, if any'one should give me the choice, would choose the fortune of our city (yourselves being willing to do what things it behoves even in a small measure) than the fortune of him : for I see very many occasions for having good will from the gods, existing to you rather than to him, but I think we sit down doing nothing : and it is not permitted that the one being idle shall not order his friends to do for him again something ; certainly not the gods to do something^/br him. Truly, it is not astonishing, if he, Philip himself making war and laboring, and present at all affairs, and passing by no oceasion nor season, is superior to you, delaying and decree- ing, and inquiring. Indeed I do not wonder at this: for the contrary would be astonishing if we doing nothing of what things it behoves those making war, we would be superior to him doing the things which it behoves him. But I ! indeed wonder at this, if, O Athenians, you had declared war against the Lacedaemonians for the just rigJits of the Greeks : and the power being given to you several times to not acquire much for yourselves, you did wish it, but paying contributions you defrayed your own expenses, and warring, you endangered yourselves, so that the others might obtain their rights : but now you hesitate to go forth, and you delay to contribute for yourown possessions : and indeed you have often 202 jEpoadevovs Olvvdiaxoi Aoyoi. tg zov^ aV.ovg navzag xat xara exaazov ev ^LEQEI, ds aTto).b)).y.oz* za vpszsQa avzo)v. Oavfia^co zavza _ xat sxt ct to Adr noog zovzot^, nijds ets V^LCOV, avdusg t vaioi^ dvvazai JioyiaotoOtu TIOGOV '/QOVOV 7to).[tiTE vfiav jtoiovrtcor n, anas ovrog o %QOI>O$ diel.rj.vde* dtjrtov tars TOVTO on o y^QOvog anag disJ.ij7.vdev, vfuav rcav, t).7Ti^ovT()3v zivag srsQOvg nQO^etf, anuopsvfov r, t').7ti^ovron> Jta).tv, Ttotovnoav G^edov vavta ansQ wvi. PROPOSITION. The orator demands that each shall pay of his fortune, or by his personal exertions, and IK, after the campaign, punished or rewarded according to his merit. 10. 'Eira #T ovrro.- apoj^tofca?, a> avdQsg Xdrpam, ware t7.7ti%ze dvra ywrfitadai ^Q^ata. ex cpavl.oav dim rovtwv K>v iff. ro)v 7ZQa$a)v avTcot', $ta JtQa'/fjidra rr^ nofawg 'ftyovs EOTIV (fav\a ex %Qr<6T(>Jv. A},\ot. TOVTO ys OVTE evkoyov ovrs no).v yaq Ttetpvxev e%ovra cpid-azTeiv Qctov r\ TtavTct. As. rwi ovSsv rcav nQOreyov o TI pe* eoTt \oinov vno TOV notepov, ds dei Ovv TOVTO r (Q'/ov t 8ij v/ MOTIVES. 1st. To attach the citizens to the public interest by their own interest. 2d. To put an end to tJie divisions which agitate the State. 11. 8siv //// qypi ia t ', aiziaadai nqdwa TIQIV av xpaT^d//re zcav jrv/izco' de T/;n.xavra xQivavzag ajzo zwv fQycav avzwv, zipcc? n^v iovg aS/ofj,' 7taivov, ds xoJ.n^stv zovg adixovpzag, ds dcfe).iv zag xat za sl.fatnaz.a xaza VfMtf. .Tap ovx tvzt e&zaaat j zi TtfrtQcixzai TO/V aV.oig, av za dsovza [ty vTtan^i zov rtaoa 'v^icov dvzior. Fan, gvxa zivog aj avdosj vofjii&ze navza$ GZQaz^'ov^ oaov^ av s*7t[i\!)tjze psv DEMOSTHENES' OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS. 203 in saved all others, and during each year part [i. e., alter- sat lost nately,] but you have down having your own. 1 wonder at this, and yet in addition to this, if not one of you time O ! Athenians, is able to calculate how long you war that against Philip, and you doing what, all time passed for know that the whole time has away ; certainly you this, passed by, you delaying and hoping that some other men will act, accusing one another, impeaching, hoping again, doing nearly the same things which you do now. 10. Then you are placed thus unreasonably, O ! Athenians, so that you hope these affairs to become good from being bad through these same actions, by which the affairs of the city have become bad from good. But this at least is e. in for neither reasonable nor having nature \i. nature,] it is natural that those having should guard much more easily, than acquire all things. But now nothing of those formerly which indeed we preserved, is left by the war, but it behoves to acquire. Then this work is now of your- selves. 11. Now I say that it is proper to contribute money, to go that out yourselves eagerly to fight^ to accuse no one before you have recovered your affairs : and then that you judging by the same actions, should honor indeed the men worthy of praise and punish those acting unjustly, and remove pretences and faults against yourselves. For it is not proper if the to search bitterly what has been done by others, things necessary do not exist at first from yourselves. For on account of something, O ! Athenians, you think all the generals whom you have sent, indeed, to shun 204 JspoGdsrOvg Okvvdiaxoi Aoyoi. dsi emsiv roirtov iov aroJ.f^oy, ds evQiaxeiv Ttolspovg idia; (si n IK>V tivztov xai 7tsni rojv Grnarrffcov,) on svravda [tsv ra vTtso K>I> b 7to/.fiog SGTIV, sonv 'vpsrfQa, (av A\iymo1.is ds ol xivdvvoi idiot ts' xopisiods avrrp 7taQu^ot]fia^) tysarqxorcov, de pioOog ovx sari' ds exst xivdvvoi fiev ds ra rcov xat raw , ^/^ sig ra no^'^ara fyovra cpavkwg, xytvere rovg ds orav dovrsg koyov, axovaqrs rag avayxag acpisrs rovrovg. Toivvv TtSQiscn ijfuv SQI^SIV aktyiovg xai Sisoravai, roig [isv nsftstGfievoig ravra, de roig ravra' ds ra xoiva s%siv yavlcag. He wishes a&o, far the same reasons, that they woula establish, in their public deliberations, the most perfect equality among all tJie citizens. 12. PaQ TtQorsQOv psv, Tjvsfiojv txarsQwv, xai GrQarqyog xai ol rQiaxoGioi 'vrto rovrcp' ds 61 a).\oi 7tQOGvsvs[j.i]od, 6i (*&> cog rovrovg, ds 61 cog exsivovg. dsi dtj iitavsvrag ravra, xai ysvopsvovg [xvyiovg] 'v^iotv avrwv tn xai vvv, noiyaai xoivov xai ro T.SVSIV xai TO ' xai ro Ttgarrsiv. As. si anodmasrs roig fisv smrarrsiv (OGftSQ ex rvQavndos, ds roig avayxa&adai rQir/ao^siv, siGq>SQsiv, GrQarevsodai, ds roig fiovov tyrjcpi&Gdai xara rovrmv, ds avfiTtovstv pjdoriovv a^o' ovdsv rcav dsovrojv ov%i ysv^Gsrai 'vuiv sr xaiQcp' yao dtsl ro pSQog rjdixrjpsvov shisitysi, tira vuiv xola&iv rovrovg avri row DEMOSTHENES' OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS. 205 this but that find in it is war, they wars private (if necessary to speak anything of those things existing and about the generals) that there, on one hand, the rewards for which the war are is, yours (if Amphipolis be taken, you will obtain that immediately) and the dangers are the special ones of the generals, but the reward is not: but there the. dangers indeed are less, and the emoluments of the chiefs and of the soldiers are Lampsacus and Sigeum, and the ships which they take. Thus they severally march towards the profitable to them, and you, when indeed you look to affairs in a bad state, criminate the chiefs : but when having given them word, to their (i. e., liberty make defence) you hear their necessi- ties, you acquit them. Therefore it remains to us to provoke one another, and to differ; some, indeed, persuaded of these and some of those, and the public affairs are in a bad state. 12. For formerly, indeed, O! Athenians, you contributed in classes, but now you govern by classes : an orator is a chief of either, and a general and three hundred are under him : and you, the others are arranged, some indeed for these and some for those. Now it behoves you renouncing these affairs and becoming masters of yourselves, even now to do what is common and to speak, and to deliberate, and to act. But if you give to some indeed to command you as by a tyrant, and others to be forced to equip vessels, to contribute, to carry arms, and some only to decree against the latter, but to labor for nothing else : any of these things being necessary, will not be done for you in time : for always the party suffering injustice will want, then it will remain to you to punish these instead of your enemies. 18 206 denoadsvove Olvvdiaxoi Aoyoi. PERORATION. He insists upon, the measures he has pro- posed, and promises to his fellow-citizens, if they wish them to succeed, ttiat they ivill obtain from them the most happy results. con 13. As.y& dtj xfqpcdatoy aavrag EioysQSiv TO IGOV d(p' g e%si' navca* f^isvai xara (A.SQOI;. 'eoag av axQarEvar^ds didovai '," loyov jtaai roig nagiovoi xou diQetaddi ^e>l ZIGTO, cor av d 6 Sava o dstva av axovG^re, pri rj tiftrj. Kav ravra, ov fiovov fTtavsGEGds naqa^Qrifia^ lov eutovra, xai 'VGZZQOV 'v^as avtovg, tcav rtQaynarcov Q^OJV 'vuiv DEMOSTHENES' OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS. 207 13. I say then, in brief, that all contribute an equal part according to what each one has, that all go out against the until all served that enemy successively, you have ; you give liberty of speech to all presenting themselves, and choose the best things which you may hear, not those which this one or that one may say, and if you do these things not only will you immediately praise the one speaking, but even afterwards yourselves, all affairs being to you better by far. AOT02 TPITOS. SUBJECT OF TIIE DISCOURSE. The measures proposed by Demosthenes had been partially adopted, and put in execution. Two thousand men, under the command of Chares, had made a descent in Mace- donia, and defeated a body of eight hundred men, attached to the service of Philip, engaged himself before Olynthus, which he was pressing closely. An advantage so slight, raised the presumption natural to the Athenians in their foolish that ; and, joy, they thought nothing more remained to them than to dictate to the king of Ma- cedonia conditions of peace. The orator, in reducing to its just value the success obtained by Chares, from thence undertakes to engage his fellow-citizens to pursue the war with ardor, and to oppose more ardently than they had yet done, the abuses which had crept into several parts of the administration, and especially in the law relative to the distributions of the theater. 1. Ovfi TiaQiGrarai pot yivwGxsiv ravzd, o5 dv j4dt]vatoi, rs orav dno'fattyw fig TO. nQO.yna.Ttt) xai orctv [anofiteibtoi] fig rovg \oyovg 6vg dxovw ya.Q per opco rovg ).oyovg yiyvo^vovg rtQi rov n^otQi]ffaadai fbihanov, ds [oow] ra 7iQaynara rtQOijxovra tig rovro, mere, [ office xai ['./.. aXQtficot; on fifv nors t^v tq nolei, xcu f%iv ra dvrtjs acrqpa^cos', Rat nuwQqaaGOai ihjt7Zov yttQ tni euov, QW([, jzaiat, ravra aptforEQa yeyove. Merroi TtsTtsiGpta vvv rovro eirai txavov rrv GK>GK>~ r^iiv TtQokafeiv, t jtQcarrjV, oTicog per rovg avii[ta%ov' ynQ iav rovro vita^Sr} fiefiaKog, rots, t^sv- rui Gxoneiv xai TTEQI rov [HZ] nva TQOTIOV rig rtpcoQHGsrai ixeivov 8s now vjtodeGdai OQdatg rqv OQ^TJV, ^yovfiai fiaraiov !toiG0di ovrivovv \oyov TISQI rqg retevrqg. 208 DEMOSTHENES' OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS, ORATION III. An abrupt Exordium. The speeches made by the most of the orators, are not at all in relation with events ; they speak as conquerors, when they ought to think of the means of con- quering. 1. IT is not presented to me to think the somethings O ! Athenians, both when I look to our affairs, and when I look to the speeches which I hear : for on one hand I see those speeches made about punishing Philip, and I see affairs advanced to that point, so that it is necessary to examine how we shall not ourselves suffer badly first. Then those men, speaking such things appear to me nothing else than to miss the subject about which you consult, not presenting to the as it But I know also you subject being (i. e., is.) very exactly, that indeed, formerly, it was permitted to the State both to have possessions of itself securely, and to punish : for under in not both Philip me, (i. e., my time,) long ago, these tilings happened. Then I am now persuaded that this thing is sufficient for us to anticipate, first, how we shall save the allies : for if this thing is found solidly then it will be permitted to examine also about that accord- ing to what manner any one will punish him : but before establishing correctly the beginning, I regard as useless to make any discourse whatever about the end. 18 209 210 d Eftoa 6 svov g 0)vv6 ictxoi Aoyoi. Oratorical precautions, to prepare the people, to hear the language of truth. 2. K> Adr o Ow [IEV; avdQsg t vaioi, jtaQcav xaigog tirtEQ Jtozs, dttzcu xat vvv noD.rjg qiQOvzidog xat fiovtyg. // syoa ov% iffovncu %aXsrt aM.a w A0r vot.t,oi [T^aj'jwaTO)*'] TtaQOVzcov, dnoQca rovro, avdQsg t [xar] lira TQOTIOV %QI] einew TtQog vpa$ TISQI avroav. FUQ TO, rcav ^ < y na.Q ExnEQCpsvysvcu vpa$ rq> py fiovfaadai noisiv tit ov rca avnsvai. At av deovza, [irj ct| fix zov rot. OQCLTS dag emovg 8^(irt yo^iv rtQog %O,QIV, TtaQOvra, 7iQosJ.rjJ.vds sig nav no%dr]Qiag. ds v7i avayxouov vrtOfivqacu TIQWTOV vpag [UXQO. zcov FIRST MOTIVE. It is from having previously neglected occasions favorable to attack that prince, that the Athenians are stittforced to make war with him. 3. MsfjLvqads, w avdQsg AfafHUtt^ OTE (frdiitTtog umrfl- tv zovzi ysWij tifiiv 0(>xjj ZQizof r\ Zf,zctQTOv Izog TtohoQxcov ZOIVVV ZOZS /IE TEl%0$ 'HQCUOV pEV \lt\V MatUaXZTjQlWV tjV. TroHoov laywv xou &OQVJ}OV yiyvo^vov naQa vptv, xadslxstv ZEzzctQaxovza t^osi^, xou zovg jws/ xai 7ti>z Ezwv Epaivsiv dvzovg, xat siaqiSQEiv sfyxovza zaXavza. UEZK zovzov zov Kai zarrta, EVIKVZOV disWorzog, 'Exazoftflouoav, MEzayEizvicnv, BoqdQOnicov. Tovzov zov [irjvog, poXtg [*.EZa zct uvazrjoia aTTEGZEd.ciZE XctQidquov E%OVZM dsxa vavg xsvag xou ftsvze zcikavza. UQ^VQIOV. FUQ wg (Inhnnos EyysWt] xat zsdvEcog, (yctQ apyozEQa fadE,) vo^iKjarzEg ovdsva rov poyQEiv OVXEZI, ctfpijxazs, w av8(>Eg Adqvaiot, TOV drtoazohor. Js ovzog qv o xaiQog avzog- yctQ ii zozs DEMOSTHENES' OLYNTHIAC ORATIONS. 211 2. Now, indeed, O ! Athenians, the present time, if ever, needs also now much reflection and deliberation. But I do not think it the most difficult what it behoves to consult about present affairs, but I am perplexed in this, O ! Athen- ians, as to what manner it behoves me to speak to you about tliein. For I am persuaded, from tJiese things which I being present and hearing do know, that the most of affairs have escaped you in your not wishing to do the tilings necessary, not from ignorance. And I ask you, if I make a speech with frankness that you suffer it, considering this, if I speak the truth, / speak it also because of this that the rest may become better. For look you how from this that each one harangues the people for favor, present affairs have advanced to every point of misfortune. But I think it necessary to re-call first to you a few of those things having happened. " ' v - ; EXPOSITION. First part. It is necessary to redouble assist the en* our efforts to Olynthus, and keep up struggle gaged in against Philip. 3. Remember, O ! Athenians, when Philip was announced to you in Thrace, this third or fourth year, besieging the it of Herean fort ; now then, indeed, was the month Decem- ber. But many speeches and some trouble occurring among you, you resolved to launch forty triremes, and that the citizens even to forty and five years should embark in them, and contribute sixty talents, and after these things, this year being past, September, October, November passed. In this month immediately after the mysteries of Ceres, you sent Charydemus having ten empty vessels and five talents of silver. For when Philip was announced as sick and dead, news that no time of existed (for both came) thinking assisting any more, you gave up, O ! Athenians, the whole arma- ment. But this was the favorable time itself: for if then we 212 /JEpoGdsvovg Ol.vvdia.xoi Aoyoi. o HOTS OVX UV VW. TO. tjVwl qUIV t] flEV TOTS av f/ot 6vx d)J.cos' 8s wv xaiyog TEQOV dia ov xai nsoi TOITOJV 7Zo7.[iov )]XEI. T/s ; oi'TO.; e^uvijodr^ iva ovx 7iad>jT TUVTU. Jrj [xz] Tt, co ardysj Adr^vaioi^ TOVTOJ EI navtt xara XQrfiQantQa ', FOQ pr] fJo^^^a^Tfi adsvei, TO dvvciTOv, i>(Taj^e [xccra] av TQOTIOV vfisi^ sasods target- * Tiavra VTZSQ SECOND MOTIVE. Surrounded by jealous or host,Ue na- tions ; or too iveak to lielp them, Hie Athenians expose tliem- to see selves, if tltey cannot save Olynthus, Hiemsdves soon attacked by Philip. 4. 'Okvvdioi vrtr^ov xf.xTrjfisvoi TWO. dvvaniv, xai TU aQayfiara diexsiro OVTCOJ, OVTE (pihnnos fdctQQSt TOUTOVJ, owe QVTOI (Ihlutnov. 'Hfisis xdxsivoi fJtQa^a^isv siotjvr^ noo*- /;,,. TOVTO T V Tl Xai 7to).ll> t KXHtSQ SftJtoSuffMt dvG%Q dtt])J.ayiJ.vijv TtQog ijfAag srfiOQuetv roig xaiooig sctvrov. dsiv txTtofancoaai iov^ dfd(>(anovg s'x narcog TQOXOV. xt TOVTO 6 Ttansg edQi>).7.ovv zsw? 7t7tQaxTat wv brccaadtjTtOTS. Ovv (a j46r TI vno'Lomov ft).r v ardQsg t vaioi, [cerwr] f xcu TtQodv^mg; EJK> fisv ov% 6() ' av TtEQiGTaarjg tjpag, i xadv