Hasan Malay, Georg Petzl New Religious Texts from Lydia

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HASAN MALAY, GEORG PETZL

NEW RELIGIOUS TEXTS FROM LYDIA öStERREICHISCHE aKaDEmIE DER WISSEnSCHaFtEn PHIlOSOPHISCH-HIStORISCHE KlaSSE DEnKSCHRIFtEn, 497. BanD

ERGänzunGSBänDE zu DEn tItulI aSIaE mInORIS Band 28

Band ??? Hasan Malay, Georg Petzl NEW RELIGIOUS TEXTS FROM LYDIA Angenommen durch die Publikationskommission der philosophisch-historischen Klasse der ÖAW: Michael Alram, Bert Fragner, Hermann Hunger, Sigrid Jalkotzy-Deger, Brigitte Mazohl, Franz Rainer, Oliver Jens Schmitt, Peter Wiesinger und Waldemar Zacharasiewicz

Umschlagbild: Karte: Copyright H. Malay

Diese Publikation wurde einem anonymen, internationalen Peer-Review-Verfahren unterzogen. This publication has undergone the process of anonymous, international peer review.

Die verwendete Papiersorte ist aus chlorfrei gebleichtem Zellstoff hergestellt, frei von säurebildenden Bestandteilen und alterungsbeständig.

Alle Rechte vorbehalten. ISBN 978-3-7001-8048-7 Copyright © 2017 by Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien Druck und Bindung: Prime Rate kft., Budapest http://epub.oeaw.ac.at/8048-7 http://verlag.oeaw.ac.at Printed and bound in the EU

C O N T E N TS

Vorwort des Herausgebers ...... 13 Preface ...... 15 Abbreviations, Selected Bibliography ...... 19

I THYATEIRA 1 Lex Sacra ...... 25 2 Honour to Tiberius Claudius Antyllos ...... 29

II APOLLONIS 3 Oracles of the Didymaean Apollon for the City of Apollonis ...... 31

III ÇALTEPE (N OF MOSCHAKOME) 4 Record of Contributions to the Mysteria of Artemis ...... 39

IV MAGNESIA AD SIPYLUM 5 Dedication to an Anonymous God ...... 43

V KARAOĞLANLI (NEAR MOSTENE ?) 6 Thank-offering to a Deity or Deities (rediscovery and revision) ...... 45 7 Christian Dedication ...... 45

VI ÇALDAĞI (SE OF HYRKANIS) 8 Cult Table and Censers Dedicated to Apollon Kisaualouddenos ...... 47 9 Dedication to Apollon Cissauliddenus (in Latin) ...... 48 10 Fragment of a Christian Prayer ...... 49

VII KEMALPAŞA (BETWEEN SMYRNA AND TURGUTLU) 11 Dedication to an Anonymous God ...... 51 12 Boundary Stone of the Church of Parsada (rediscovery) ...... 52

VIII CAESAREA TROKETTA 13 Oracle of Clarian Apollon (rediscovery) ...... 53

IX KAVAKALAN (SW OF IULIA GORDOS) 14 Fragment of a Christian Invocation (?) ...... 55 15 Honour to a Temple Warden by the People of Hierokaisareia ...... 55

6 MALAY ‒ PETZL, New Religious Texts from Lydia

X BETWEEN THYATEIRA AND GÖLMARMARA 16 Dedication to Zeus Kananeirenos by a Priest of Zeus Mesdianos ...... 57

XI CHARAKIPOLIS 17 A) Dedication to the Virgin Goddess Velitia Furia Apphia ...... 59 B) Funerary Altar for Publius Velitius Thynites ...... 60

XII DALDIS 18 Boundary Stone of a Church ...... 61

XIII SATALA 19 Dedication to Zeus Aerios (rediscovery) ...... 63 20 Christian Prayer (rediscovery) ...... 63

XIV İĞDECİK (NE OF SARDEIS) 21 Boundary Stone of the Temple of the Sardian (?) Artemis ...... 65 22 Fragment of a Dedication ...... 66

XV YEŞİLOVA (E OF SARDEIS) 23 Dedication of a Krater ...... 67

XVI THE SANCTUARY OF ARTEMIS ANAITIS AND MEIS TIAMOU AT ESENYAZI (SE OF MAIONIA) 24 Dedication to An(a)eitis ...... 71 25 Dedication to Thea Anaitis ...... 71 26 Dedication to Thea Anaeitis ...... 71 27 Dedication to Thea Anaeitis ...... 72 28 Dedication to Thea Anaeiteis ...... 72 29 Dedication to Thea [Ana(e)itis] ...... 72 30 Dedication to Meter Anaeitis ...... 73 31 Dedication to Meter Anaeitis ...... 73 32 Dedication to Meter Anaeitis ...... 73 33 Dedication to [Meter] Anaeitis ...... 74 34 Dedication to Meter Anaeitis ...... 74 35 Dedication to Meter Anaeitis ...... 74 36 Dedication to Artemis Ana(e)itis ...... 75 37 Dedication to (Artemis ?) Anaeitis ...... 75 38 Dedication to Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 76 39 Dedication to Meter Aneitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 76 40 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 77 41 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 78 42 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 78 Contents 7

43 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 79 44 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Teiamou ...... 79 45 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 80 46 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 81 47 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 81 48 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 81 49 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 82 50 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 82 51 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 83 52 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 83 53 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 84 54 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 84 55 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 84 56 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 85 57 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 85 58 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Teiamou ...... 86 59 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 86 60 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 87 61 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 87 62 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 88 63 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 88 64 Dedication to Artemis Ana(e)itis and Meis Tiamou ...... 88 65 Dedication to Artemis Ana(e)itis and Meis Tiamou ...... 89 66 Dedication to Artemis Ana(e)itis and Meis Tiamou ...... 89 67 Dedication to Artemis Ana(e)itis and Meis Tiamou ...... 89 68 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 90 69 Dedication to Artemis Ana(e)itis and Meis Tiamou ...... 90 70 Dedication to Artemis Ana(e)itis and Meis Tiamou ...... 90 71 Dedication to Artemis Ana(e)itis and Meis Tiamou ...... 91 72 Dedication to Artemis Ana(e)itis and Meis Tiamou ...... 91 73 Dedication to Artemis Ana(e)itis (and Meis Tiamou ?) ...... 91 74 Dedication to Artemis Ana(e)itis and Meis Tiamou ...... 92 75 Dedication to Artemis Ana(e)itis (and Meis Tiamou ?) ...... 92 76 Dedication to Artemis Anaeitis (and Meis Tiamou ?) ...... 92 77 Confession to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 93 78 Fragment Recording Ransom Paid by a family ...... 94 79 Fragment Recording Ransom Paid by the Symbolaphoroi ...... 94 80 Fragment Recording Ransom Paid by a Family ...... 95 81 Confession to Artemis Anaeitis and Meis Tiamou ...... 95 82 Confession to Artemis Ana(e)itis and Meis Tiamou ...... 96 83 Fragment of a Confession ...... 96 84 Dedication (to Artemis Anaitis ?) ...... 96 8 MALAY ‒ PETZL, New Religious Texts from Lydia

85 Dedication by Ammias ...... 97 86-9 Dedications (fragmentary) ...... 98 90 Fragment of a Hymn ...... 99 91 Dedication to Theos Hosios and Dikaios ...... 100 92 Dedication to Theos Hypsistos ...... 101 93 Dedication of a Statue of Telete ...... 101 94-106 Fragments ...... 102 APPENDIX I: Anepigraphic Finds from Asar Mahallesi ...... 107

XVII GÖKDERE (SE OF MAIONIA) 107 Dedication to a Mother of Gods ...... 117 108 Dedication to Anaeitis ...... 118

XVIII PARLOENOI (W OF SAITTAI) 109 Metrical Dedication to Apollon Syrmaios ...... 119

XIX SAITTAI 110 Dedication to Dionysos by a Mason ...... 121 111 Record of a Construction Dedicated to Aphrodite and Some Emperors ...... 121 112 Dedication of a Statue of Zeus by the Spelmenoi ...... 122 113 Dedication Recording Cure of Eyes ...... 123

XX NORTHEAST LYDIA 114 Dedication to the River-God Hermos ...... 125 115 Posthumous Honours by an Association of Hymnodoi of Artemis ...... 126 116 Confession to Meis Axiottenos ...... 126

XXI THE SANCTUARY OF APOLLON AXYR(E)OS AT GÖKVELİLER (S OF SAITTAI) 117 Dedication to Apollon Axyreos ...... 129 118 Confession (?) to Apollon Axyreos (?) ...... 130 119 Fragment of a Confession ...... 131 120 Confession to Theos Helios Apollon Axyreos ...... 132 121 Fragment of a Confession (?) ...... 132 122 Fragment of a Dedication to Meis Axiottenos ...... 132

XXII THE SANCTUARY OF MEIS ARTEMIDOROU AXIOTTENOS AT MAĞAZADAMLARI (NW OF KOLLYDA) 123 Confession to the Mother of Meis Artemidorou who Rules over and Protects Axiotta ...... 137 124 Dedication to the Mother of Meis and Meis Artemidorou who Rules over and Protects Axiotta ...... 138 125 Confession (?) to Meis Artemidorou [who Rules over and Protects Axiotta ?] ...... 138 Contents 9

126 Fragment of a Dedication to Meis Artemidorou [Axiottenos ?] ...... 139 127 Fragment of a Dedication to the Mother of Meis and Meis Artemidorou ...... 139 128 Dedication to Meis Axiot(t)enos ...... 139 129 Confession (?) to Meis Axiot(t)enos ...... 140 130 Dedication to Meis Axiottenos (a new fragment of SEG 49, 1550) ...... 141 131 Fragment of a Confession ...... 141 132 Fragment of a Confession ...... 142 133 Fragment of a Confession ...... 142 134 Fragment of a Confession (?) ...... 143 135 Fragment of a Dedication ...... 143 136 Fragment of a Dedication (?) ...... 144 137-157 Fragments ...... 144 APPENDIX II: Anepigraphic Finds from Mağazadamları ...... 151

XXIII THE SANCTUARY OF THEA LARMENE ON THE TOMA MOUNTAIN (SW OF SAITTAI) 158 Dedication to Thea Larmene ...... 157 159 Confession to Meter Larmene ...... 158 160 Confession to Meter Larmene ...... 160 161 Dedication to [Thea] Larmene ...... 161 162 Dedication to Thea Larmene ...... 161 163 Dedication of a Propylon to Hadrian and M[eter Larmene ?] ...... 162 164 Fragment of a Dedication ...... 162 165 Dedication to Meter Larmene ...... 163 166 Epigram for (Meter or Thea) Larmene ...... 163 167 Dedication to [Thea] Larmene ...... 164 168 Dedication to Thea Epekoos (rediscovery and revision) ...... 164 169 Fragments of a Confession ? (rediscovery and revision) ...... 165 170-175 Fragments ...... 165 APPENDIX III: Anepigraphic Finds from the Toma Mountain ...... 169

XXIV NISYRA 176 Fragment Recording a Prophet ...... 173 177 Fragment of a Confession ...... 174

XXV THE SANCTUARY OF METER TAZENE AND MEIS PETRAEITES AT KAVAKLI AND ITS SURROUNDINGS 178 Confession to Theoi Tazenoi ...... 177 179 Dedication to Meter Theôn Tazene ...... 178 180 Dedication to Meter Taszene ...... 178 181 Dedication to Meis Petraeites ...... 179 182 Dedication to Meis [Petraeites ?] ...... 179 10 MALAY ‒ PETZL, New Religious Texts from Lydia

183-184 Fragments ...... 179 185 Dedication to Meis Petraeites ...... 180 186 Record of a Ransom for Appeasing the Gods ...... 181 187 Fragment of a Confession ...... 182 188 Confession to Meter Andirene (metrical) ...... 183 189 Post Mortem Honours to a Chief-phrator by the Symbiosis TVN KALOKAIRVN . 186

XXVI IAZA 190 Dedication to Mega Theion Epiphanes ...... 189 191 Dubious ...... 189

XXVII KULA 192 Dedication to the Gods of the Underworld ...... 191

XXVIII MAIONIA 193 Dedication to Thea Andene and Tiamou by the Phratra of Wagoners ...... 193 194 Dedication of a Propylon (?) to Septimius Severus and his Son(s) ...... 194 195 Honour to a Priest of Augustus by an Association of Sacrificers (Thysiastai) ...... 195 196 Dedication to Zeus Maspalatenos ...... 197 197 Dedication to Zeus Maspalatenos and Meis Tiamou by an Emperor-loving Phratria ...... 198 198 Dedication to Theos Hypsistos ...... 199

XXIX MAZLITEPE (PEBALEIS) NEAR KULA 199 Dedication of Some Real Estates to Zeus Keraunios ...... 201 200 Dedication to Domitian by the Pebaleis ...... 203 201 Dedication of a Building to Domitian and Domitia ...... 204 202 Dedication to a Mother Goddess and Apollon ...... 205

XXX AREA OF PHILADELPHIA 203 Dedication to Zeus Keraunios by a Private Association at Tetrapyrgia ...... 207 204 Dedication to Theos Hypsistos ...... 208 205 Record of a Dedication or Contribution ...... 209 206 Honour to a Priest of Dionysos PRO POLEVS ...... 210 207 Funerary Inscription for a Priest and his Wife ...... 211 208 Dedication to Apollon Nazilleus (?) ...... 212 209 Dedication to Thea Philis ...... 212 210 Tomb of Alexander, Son of a Presbyteros from Rhoendos ...... 213

XXXI SILANDOS 211 Dedication to Theos Hypsistos ...... 215 212 Dedication to the Gods ...... 215 Contents 11

XXXII TABALA 213 Dedication to Poteo(s) ...... 217

INDICES I Personal Names ...... 219 II Deities ...... 222 III Rulers ...... 223 IV Geographica ...... 224 V Vocabulary ...... 224 VI Phonology - Grammar ...... 232 VII Selected Topics ...... 234

MAP

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VORWORT DES HERAUSGEBERS

Lydien gehört zu den – nicht nur in epigraphischer Hinsicht – ertragreichsten Landschaften Kleinasiens, wovon auch die bisher drei umfangreichen Faszikel mit Inschriften dieser Landschaft in der Reihe Tituli Asiae Minoris (V 1-3) zeugen. In dem vorliegenden Band werden nun über zweihundert Inschriften von zwei der renommiertesten Fachleute der Epigraphik Westkleinasiens bekannt gemacht bzw. in revidierter Form wieder vorgelegt, die seit mehr als vierzig Jahren epigraphische Forschungen in diesem Gebiet durchführen, wobei sie in nicht geringem Maße Unterstützung von der Kleinasiatischen Kommission (seit 2013 “Arbeitsgruppe Epigraphik”) der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften erfuhren. Dementsprechend haben sie einen Großteil ihrer Ergebnisse im Laufe der vergangenen Jahrzehnte u.a. auch in mehreren Monographien veröffentlicht, die in den beiden von der Akademie herausgegebenen Reihen TAM und ETAM erschienen sind: H. MALAY, Greek and Latin Inscriptions in the Manisa Museum (ETAM 19; Wien 1994); ders., Researches in Lydia, Mysia and Aiolis (ETAM 23; Wien 1999); G. PETZL, TAM V 3 (Wien 2007); P. HERRMANN, H. MALAY, New Documents from Lydia (ETAM 24; Wien 2007). Mit diesem neuen Band setzen die beiden Autoren ihre Publikationstätigkeit fort und veröffentlichen eine große Anzahl bisher unbekannter Inschriften, die ausschließlich die Religion, einschließlich des Christentums, betreffen. Darunter sind so bedeutende Texte wie eine lex sacra (Nr. 1), die Vorschriften für das Betreten eines Heiligtums enthält, ein Orakel (Nr. 3), eine Grabinschrift für eine “vergöttlichte” Verstorbene (Nr. 17) und vieles mehr. Der Erkenntnisgewinn ist groß und beginnt schon bei der Nennung bisher unbekannter Lokalgötter (z. B. Zeus Kananeirenos und Zeus Mesdianos in Nr. 16); die Anzahl der im Heiligtum der Artemis Anaitis und des Meis Tiamou gefundenen Inschriften wird um über achtzig Texte erhöht (Nr. 24-106), und das Heiligtum des schon lange bekannten Gottes Meis (Artemidorou) Axiottenos kann anhand neuer Inschriftenfunde lokalisiert werden (Nr. 123-157). Das ist jedoch nur eine kleine Auswahl der vielen für die antike Religionsgeschichte wertvollen Inschriften dieses Bandes, und ich freue mich, meine Tätigkeit als Herausgeber der beiden oben genannten Reihen mit diesem Buch beginnen zu können.

THOMAS CORSTEN

TO THE MEMORY OF PETER HERRMANN (1927-2002)

P R E F A C E

It is a well-known fact that the region of ancient Lydia is rich in archaeological and, above all, in epigraphic remains from the Greek and Roman periods. Until the mid-20th century the ancient settlements and sanctuaries located in its remote rural parts remained relatively undisturbed. Since then, things have changed: the trade in antiquities, formerly run on a small scale, has considerably increased; inscribed stones, discovered on the surface, unearthed during the many ongoing building activities, or (often illegally) 'excavated', are offered on the market or go unnoticed into private collections. The provenance of many of these stones is not recorded but can sometimes be determined by the contents of their inscriptions or on stylistic grounds.1 The epigraphic documents are of outstanding importance for research on the history (political, sociological, cultural, religious) and geography of Lydia in Greek-Roman times; fresh discoveries often lead to a better understanding of earlier ones when they are put into a larger context. Over more than thirty years, HASAN MALAY has spent great effort travelling to many places where the discovery of inscribed monuments was signalled to him. Whenever possible he took care of their transportation to a museum (particularly the one in Manisa), getting infor- mation concerning the circumstances of their discovery, and thorough documentation. He also led two rescue excavations: one on the Mount Toma, the site of the sanctuary of Thea Larmene,2 the other at Mağazadamları where he localized the cult center of Meis Artemidorou Axiottenos and his Mother.3 This book presents the harvest of these activities. Together with GEORG PETZL, who, in 1983, undertook together with him an epigraphical survey in Lydia and has been in close contact with him ever since, MALAY has established a collection of unpublished inscriptions. These contribute to our knowledge of the religious life in Lydia from Hellenistic to Late Roman times (the great majority dating from the first three centuries A.D.).4 They are arranged according to a geographical order and fall under various categories, namely Sacred Laws, Oracles, Hymns, Honorific Inscriptions, Dedications (amongst which a good number of Confessions), Boundary Stones, Building Inscriptions and Funerary Inscriptions. Except for the Latin inscription no. 9, all texts are Greek. The inscriptions are translated unless their text is too fragmentary.

1 See H. MALAY, "Some Inscriptions from Lydia up for Auction", EA 39 (2006), 87-99; here no. 193, with n. 180. 2 See chapter XXIII. 3 See chapter XXII. 4 Some very poor fragments, mostly found on the sites of sanctuaries, are included here in spite their 'religious' character cannot be proved.

16 H. MALAY ‒ G. PETZL, New Religious Texts from Lydia

A certain number of the inscriptions have been published previously and are included here when they could be illustrated for the first time by photographs5 or when the text of a given inscription could be improved by fresh evidence.6 Many of the inscriptions presented in this book are of special interest and a glance at the Indexes shows the wealth of material concerning in particular the indigenous deities and the local features of cult practices in Lydia: A lex sacra from Thyateira (no. 1); a compendium of texts from the Didyma oracle (no. 3), the exhibition of which outside Didyma / Miletus is a rarissimum; an early Augustan honorific inscription for a priest of the temples of Augustus issued by their ‘Association of the sacrificers’ (no. 195); several texts documenting other religious associations or illustrating the organization of cult activities (nos. 4, 21, 115, 189, 193, 197, 203). Five groups of texts originate from rural sanctuaries which have been identified archaeologically: for Artemis Anaitis and Meis Tiamou (nos. 24-106), for Apollo Axyreos (nos. 117-121), for Meis Artemidorou Axiottenos (nos. 123-157), for Meter Larmene (nos. 158-175), and for Meter Tazene and Meis Petraeites (nos. 178-189, no. 188 being the first known metrical ‘confession inscription’). Yet, the 'realities', which form the background of the texts, are sometimes difficult to grasp. We also found ourselves not sufficiently prepared for the interpretation of some inscriptions, whose language appeared obscure to us. And, of course, the fragmentary condition of a document is frequently an obstacle to its understanding. We are thus aware of the fact that our commentaries can often be not more than a point of departure for future research. Especially MALAY’s visits to many places have enabled us to include here topographical observations, illustrated by photographs, in particular for places where sanctuaries of individual gods could be identified. The anepigraphic fragments, which were found in these sanctuaries, are published here in three Appendices.7 We gladly acknowledge our debt and gratitude to many institutions and persons sine quibus non: we wish to give our thanks to Prof. G. DOBESCH, the former Director of the Kleinasiatische Kommission and Prof. TH. CORSTEN, his successor, for their kind help in pro- viding the Austrian Academy’s financial support to MALAY’s work in Lydia. The Academy’s grants between the years 1993 and 2013 enabled him to rescue numerous inscriptions of which the greater part has already been published8. It is a pleasure also to thank İSMAİL AKÇURA (Mani- sa) for financing a part of the expenses for the rescue excavations at Toma Mountain and Mağa- zadamları. Of numerous local inhabitants, who always supported MALAY’s frequent surveys by showig hospitality, reporting the discovery of inscribed stones and always guiding him during researches, RAMAZAN NERGİS (Kula / Esenyazı / Asar Mahallesi), HALİL ÇERÇİ (Kula / Gökçe- ören), KEFAYETTİN ÖZ (Akhisar), ÖNER KAYA (Akhisar), NURULLAH KARGIN (Kula / Şeremet / Kavaklı Mahallesi), RAMAZAN KOYUNLU (Gördes / Kayacık), VEYSEL KUŞOĞLU (Turgutlu), REHA KORKUT (Kemalpaşa / Ören (Parsa) deserve special thanks.

5 Nos. 6; 12; 13; 19; 20; 130; 168; 169. 6 Nos. 6; 130; 168; 169. Proposals for new readings have been made for two published texts (TAM V 3, 1520 and V 1, 274) without ranging them in the present numbering: see the commentaries on nos. 189 and 199. 7 Chapter XVI with Appendix I; chapter XXII with Appendix II; chapter XXIII with Appendix III. An unpublished stele without inscription offers a parallel to the depiction of the river-god Hermos on the stele no. 114 (see the photographs there). 8 See MALAY, Manisa Museum; MALAY, Researches; HERRMANN (†) ‒ MALAY, New Docs. Preface 17

MALAY’s work in the field, excavations, museums and private collections would not have been carried out without Prof. CUMHUR TANRIVER’s continuous help and collaboration. We owe a great deal to him not only because he always spent time and energy for saving new epigraphic material but also took over the responsibility of the rescue-excavations at Toma Mountain and Mağazadamları. On this occasion, we also thank MEHMET ÖNDER, who participated in most surveys, Dr. İSMAİL GEZGİN and Dr. SEVGİSER AKAT for their efforts under demanding conditions during those excavations. Likewise we should express our gratitude to Prof. ENGİN AKDENİZ, the Director of the Thyateira excavations, for his special attention to drawing MALAY’s attention to inscribed stones in that area. On this occasion, we also should record the generous help and support of HASAN DEDEOĞLU, the former Director of the Manisa Museum, to whom we owe the richness of the epigraphic material kept in that museum. It is also a pleasure to thank all the other museum direc- tors, who followed him, and the museum staff for their continuous help and hospitality. Likewise we are grateful to the collectioners İSMAİL AKÇURA (Manisa), YAVUZ TATIŞ (İzmir), MUHARREM KAYHAN (Söke) and ÜMİT EVRAN (İzmir) for giving permission to work on the inscriptions they collected. We wish in particular to thank some colleagues who supported our work by discussing textual and interpretative problems: see the members of the Institut für Altertumskunde of the Cologne University mentioned in the commentary on no. 3, amongst whom G. STAAB deserves special mention as he helped us not only with philological but also technical problems. Thanks go also to both anonymous referees engaged by the publisher and again to TH. CORSTEN, whose valuable proposals led to a number of changes in our manuscript. SUE ELLEN DOPP (İzmir), MICHAELA P. and RICHARD L. JOHNSON (Nottinghamshire) and HENRIKE KINGSBURY (Northampton) helped to improve our English. The responsibility for all deficiencies remains of course with us.

HASAN MALAY GEORG PETZL İzmir 2016 Cologne, 2016

ABBREVIATIONS, SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY

An. Ép. Année Épigraphique Arkeoloji Dergisi I Arkeoloji Dergisi I (Erol Atalay Memorial), 1991 Ath. Mitt. Athenische Mitteilungen BABesch Bulletin Antieke Beschaving BCH Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique

BECHTEL, HP F. BECHTEL, Die historischen Personennamen des Griechischen bis zur Kaiserzeit, 1902

BLÜMEL, IvIasos I W. BLÜMEL, Die Inschriften von Iasos I (I.K. 28.1), 1985

BLÜMEL, IvMylasa II W. BLÜMEL, Die Inschriften von Mylasa II (I.K. 35), 1988

BLÜMEL ‒ MERKELBACH (†), IvPriene W. BLÜMEL ‒ R. Merkelbach (†), Die Inschriften von Priene (I.K. 69), 2014

BMC Lydia B.V. HEAD, Catalogue of the Greek Coins in the British Museum. Lydia, 1902

BRIXHE, Grec anatolien C. BRIXHE, Essai sur le grec anatolien au début de notre ère (21987) Bull. ép. Bulletin épigraphique (in Revue des études grecques [see s.v. REG])

BURESCH, Aus Lydien K. BURESCH, Aus Lydien, 1898

CHANIOTIS, “Divine Justice” A. CHANIOTIS, “Under the Watchful Eyes of the Gods: Divine Justice in Hellenistic and Roman Asia Minor”, S. COLVIN (ed.), The Greco‒Roman East (Yale Class. Stud. 31), 2004, 1-43

CHANIOTIS, “Illness and Cures” A. CHANIOTIS, “Illness and Cures in the Greek Propitiatory Inscriptions and Dedications of Lydia and Phrygia”, Ancient Medicine in its Socio-Cultural Context, PH. VAN DER EIJK ‒ H. HORSTMANSHOFF ‒ P. SCHRIJVERS (eds.), 1995, vol. II, 323-344

CHANIOTIS, “Ritual Performances” A. CHANIOTIS, “Ritual Performances of Divine Justice: The Epigraphy of Confession, Atonement and Exaltation in Roman Asia Minor”, From Hellenism to Islam, Cultural and Linguistic Change

20 H. MALAY ‒ G. PETZL, New Religious Texts from Lydia

in the Roman Near East, H.M. COTTON ‒ R.G. HOYLAND ‒ J.J. PRICE ‒ D.J. WASSERSTEIN (eds.), 2009, 115-153

CHANIOTIS, “Tempeljustiz” A. CHANIOTIS, “Tempeljustiz im kaiserzeitlichen Kleinasien: Rechtliche Aspekte der Sühneinschriften Lydiens und Phrygiens”, G. THÜR and J. VÉLISSAROPOULOS-KARAKOSTAS (eds.), Symposion, 1995 (1997), 353-384 CIG Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum CIRB Corpus Inscriptionum Regni Bosphorani, 1965 ClAnt Classical Antiquity

CORSTEN, IvLaodikeia / Lykos T. CORSTEN, Die Inschriften von Laodikeia am Lykos (I.K. 49), 1997 CRAI Comptes rendus des séances de l’Académie des inscr. et belles lettres

DIETERICH, Unters. Gesch. griech. Spr. K. DIETERICH, Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der griechischen Sprache, 1898 EA Epigraphica Anatolica EBGR Epigraphic Bulletin for Greek Religion (in Kernos)

Festschrift Dörner Festschrift F.K. Dörner (S. ŞAHİN ‒ E. SCHWERTHEIM ‒ J. WAGNER [eds.], EPRO 66, 1978)

FONTENROSE, Didyma J. FONTENROSE, Didyma. Apollo's Oracle, Cult and Companions, 1988

GIGNAC, Grammar F.T. GIGNAC, A Grammar of the Greek Papyri of the Roman and Byzantine Periods I (1976), II (1981) GRBM Greek, Roman and Byzantine Monographs GRBS Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies

HELLMANN, Vocab. de l'architecture MARIE-CHRISTINE HELLMANN, Recherches sur le vocabulaire de l’architecture grecque, d’après les inscriptions de Délos,1992

HERRMANN (†) ‒ MALAY, New Docs P. HERRMANN (†) ‒ H. MALAY, New Documents from Lydia (ETAM 24), 2007

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