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Home , Achilleion (Troad), Adramyttium, Aegae (Cilicia), Aeolis, Antissa, Antissa (mythology)

Map 56 Pergamum Compiled by C. Foss, S. Mitchell (north) and G. Reger (), 1994

Introduction

The western seaboard of Minor north of comprises , the Gulf of and the . Greek settlements were established at coastal sites here between about 1000 and 500 B.C., but none developed into a center on the scale of the leading Ionian cities. There were four major coastal plains, around at the mouth of the R. Caicus, in the broad delta of the R. Grylios, on either of the R. Euenos north of Adramyttium, and in the lower basin of the R. Scamander around Ilium/Troia. It is clear that there have been changes to the water courses and to the position of the ancient coastline in these alluvial areas. In general, however, it appears that since classical times the increase in alluvial deposits at the river deltas has been matched by a rise in the sea level, with little resultant change to the position of the ancient shoreline. There has been considerable discussion concerning the original course of the Caicus between Pergamum and the sea. Dörpfeld (1911) argued that in antiquity the river ran north of Mt. Kane through the gap between Kane and , and this course is thus marked with approximate linework. Dörpfeld’s view, however, was contested by Philippson (1911). No detailed geomorphological investigation of the area has been carried out, and the dispute remains unresolved. The river valleys of north-west Asia Minor extend eastwards into the thinly inhabited interior of the Troad and of , which is dominated by the forested mountain ranges of Ida, Pindasos, Temnon and Aspordenos. The mountains of the Troad were noted for timber as well as for mineral deposits, especially iron, lead and (Pernicka 1984). The evidence for the ancient topography of the is hard to interpret. Only four of the ancient settlements in the entire area between Pergamum and Ilium and across inland Mysia are identified by epigraphic evidence ( Troas, , Aureliane, Pericharaxis). The best information for the overall pattern of settlement has come from detailed archaeological exploration, notably of the Troad by Cook (1973), of the Gulf of Adramyttium by Stauber (IK 50), and of the territory of Pergamum by Schuchhardt (1912). Assigning names from the ancient sources to these sites is usually a matter of informed guesswork, however, and modern reconstruction depends heavily on the interpretation of the literary evidence. Much of this, including the work of , reflects the attempts of ancient commentators to make sense of Homeric (Leaf 1923). The southern part of the map comprises and northern Ionia. The latter is a region of typical and vegetation, with a long indented coastline and two major rivers, the and Cayster. It contains one large mountain, Mimas on the peninsula of Erythrai; otherwise it is broken country of small, but highly fertile, coastal and interior plains interrupted by craggy limestone hills. Communication was consequently easiest by sea. Because of its agricultural wealth, favorable maritime communications, and presence of numerous suitable with adjacent hills for defense, this was the earliest area of the Greek colonization that produced a network of towns and cities. The interior is Lydia, a land characterized by the massive range of the Tmolus, the broad and extremely fertile plains of the Hermus and Cayster, and a rough, rather arid hilly country in the north-east. This country has enormous agricultural and mineral resources, as well as good communications with both coast and interior. Its most important roads follow the Hermus and radiate from . Already under the Lydian kingdom, the plains and valleys supported numerous settlements. In many cases, their presence is indicated by the tumuli which adorned important graves, a practice continuing into the . Under the Romans, Lydia was densely occupied. The largest settlements were always in the Hermus valley, but the Cayster had many villages and towns, as did the hills. Mt. Tmolus, which contains numerous alpine valleys perpendicular to the main range, supported settlements too, although it was perhaps of greatest value for transhumance and for its mineral resources, of which the most famous was the of the R. . 842 MAP 56 PERGAMUM

Lydia has been well explored over the past century, notably by Buresch, Keil and von Premerstein, Louis Robert, and Herrmann. Their researches have produced an unusual quantity of inscriptions, which provide many of the toponyms marked. This epigraphic material is now being published, with the full context of historical geography, in TAM. Inscriptions of the Cayster valley appear in IK 17. Islands The three large islands of , and dominate the western side of the map. Study of their topography has been uneven, and the map reflects these differences. For Lesbos, Koldewey’s survey (1890), conducted in the 1880s, remains the primary basis for the identification of many sites; its beautiful, large-scale maps and plans by Kiepert are as pleasurable as profitable to study. Some additional information appears in Kontes (1978), but many of his identifications must be treated with caution. Excavations have been conducted at some sites, and recent work has done much to increase our knowledge of (Williams 1991). Most recently, however, three new studies deal with Lesbos in a comprehensive way: Axiotes’ (1992) extremely full descriptions of sites with sketch maps and illustrations; Spencer’s (1995) gazetteer of sites, which now replaces Kontes; and TIB Aigaion Pelagos (1998), which also covers Lemnos. These volumes represent a considerable advance on earlier work. Spencer, in particular, has collected and published an immense amount of data, including material in Axiotes; only the more significant sites newly brought to light by these two scholars can be marked at this scale. On Chios, many sites have been excavated, including notably Emporio (Boardman 1967). Ongoing work in the town of Chios has permitted a very useful summary by Tsarabopoulos (1986). The island as a whole was the subject of an intensive survey by Yalouris (1986), which is the basis for many of the identifications on the map. Since exploration early in the twentieth century by Fredrich (1906) and Sealy (1918), Lemnos has unfortunately remained neglected for the most part. There have been excavations, however, at the Kabeirion (Levi 1966). Two groups of sites largely are omitted. First, ancient farms, many of which are known for the island of Chios (Boardman 1958; Lambrinoudakis 1986); Dotion, however, is marked because its ancient name is known. Second, the many toponyms appearing in the Diocletianic (or later) land surveys (IG XII 2.76-80, IG XII Suppl.; Charitonides 1968, 70; LaBarre 1996, 223-37 for a recent study and bibliography). This second group poses a particular problem for Lesbos, since a remarkable number of toponyms there can reasonably be claimed to preserve names from those lists (Mantzuranis 1951; Kontes 1978). Kontes especially has been very quick to equate modern sites bearing these toponyms with the ancient ones. But in many cases, the modern sites have revealed no evidence of ancient occupation. Since toponyms can wander, the mere existence of a modern one resembling a known ancient one seems insufficient for the identification of a site without supporting archaeological remains. provides a good example; a recent suggestion makes it the name of a region, not an island (Pliny, NH 2.232, 5.140; Koldewey 1890, 42; Mason 1993, 244-45). In general, I have been conservative in this matter, even rejecting some identifications (Mesos Agros, for example) that most scholars have accepted. Another problem arises from the large quantity of toponyms attested from antiquity whose identification is disputed or entirely uncertain. Lesbos has attracted numerous names of cities, indeed probably more than were ever established there. On Chios, some Hellenistic inscriptions published (in a bad state) by Zolotas (1908) offer a plethora of names. Only such toponyms as seem securely enough identified are marked; the rest remain Unlocated Toponyms. In addition, some famous sites, notably Leukonion (Thuc. 8.24.3) and the Lesbian site of the action in Daphnis and Chloe (Mason 1979; Green 1982), remain unlocated. Considerable shoreline change has occurred in the Aegean since antiquity, including the silting-up of harbors or bays, and loss of land to the sea. Most of these changes are too minor to show at this scale–for example, the shoreline at on Lesbos (Schaus 1994, 421-24). An exception is the strait between island and shore (euripos) at Mytilene, now silted up. Otherwise, the landscape of these islands has remained relatively unchanged. MAP 56 PERGAMUM 843

Directory All place names are in unless otherwise noted

Abbreviations

IK 1 H. Engelmann and R. Merkelbach, Die Inschriften von Erythrai und I, Bonn, 1972 IK 2 H. Engelmann and R. Merkelbach, Die Inschriften von Erythrai und Klazomenai II, Bonn, 1973 IK 5 H. Engelmann, Die Inschriften von Kyme, Bonn, 1976 IK 8 T. Ihnken, Die Inschriften von am Sipylos, Bonn, 1978 IK 17.1-2 R. Meriç et al., Die Inschriften von Ephesos VII, Bonn, 1981 IK 24.1 G. Petzel, Die Inschriften von II, Bonn, 1982 IK 50 J. Stauber, Die Bucht von Adramytteion, Bonn, 1996 Robert, Hell. L. Robert, Hellenica,13vols.,Paris,1946-65 Robert, OMS L. Robert, Opera Minora Selecta, 7 vols., Amsterdam, 1969-90 TIB Aigaion Pelagos J. Koder, Tabula Imperii Byzantini 10, Aigaion Pelagos (Die nördliche Ägäis), DenkWien 259, 1998

Names

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

G3 (...)aleia? H near Sındırgı Robert 1962, 77 C2 Achaiion ACHR Hantepe Cook 1973, 195-96 E4 Achaion Limen HR Haci Ahmet Ağa RE ’Αχαιῶν λιµήν C2 Acheloos fl. HR at (Troas) RE 7 C2 ACHR Beşika Burnu Cook 1973, 188 D3 Adramyttenos/ HR/ Gulf of Edremit RE ’Αδραµυττηνὸς κόλπος Idaios Sinus HR RE 1 D2 Adramyttium ACHRL Karataş (Ören) RE Adramytteion; IK 50, 127-49 E4 ACHRL Nemrut Kale RE 5 A4 Aegaeum Mare See Map 57 D3 Aeolis ACHR coast and islands between RE Aioles Troas and Ionia C3 Ag. Berenike HL on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 363 D3 Ag. Georgios AC on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 239-40; Spencer 1995, 11 C3 Ag. Isidoros CHR on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 361-62 D3 Ag. Nikolaos ACHRL on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 242; Spencer 1995, 8-9 A2 Ag. Sophia C?H? on Lemnos GRE Sealy 1918, 169-71 E5 Agamemnoniai Thermai R Ilıca RE Smyrna 3, col. 739, 759 C2 Agammia? Pr. CH Beşika Burnu Cook 1973, 169 F4 Agatheira H near Halitpaşa TAM 5.2, 466 (no. 1307) C2 CHRL mouth of Azmak Çay Cook 1973, 86-87 D2 Aidoneus fl. HR Ilıca Dere Cook 1973, 281-82 D3 Aiga/ HR/ S Gulf of Edremit RE Kanai Kane Pr. HR C3 Aigeiros? ACHRL Kabakli, on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 287-88; Mason 1993, 240-43 D5 Airai CH Aşağı Robert, OMS 7, 309-311 E2 Aisepos fl. HR Gönen Çay RE 1 E5 Akçakaya H Bean 1979, 44 Akokome = (N)Akokome C5 Aleon? fl. HR stream at Erythrai RE Suppl. 1 Alesion Pedion = (H)Alesion Pedion D2 Alexandreia M. HR above Antandros Cook 1973, 270 = Antigoneia F5 R Eskioba IK 17.1, 187-96 G4 Alyattes AC at Bin Tepe PECS Sardis C4 Amades CH on Khios GRE Yalouris 1986, 156 C3 Ametelle ACH on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 283 Andeira? = ? 844 MAP 56 PERGAMUM

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

D2 Andiros fl. HR Kursak Çay RE Troas 1, col. 547 D2 Antandros ACH Devren / Avcılar Cook 1973, 267-71 C2 Antigoneia/ H/ Eskistanbul RE 16 (Col. ) Alexandria R/ Troas HRL C3 Antissa ACH Skalokhori / Obriokastro, Lamb 1930; 1931; Spencer 1995, 35 on Lesbos GRE D3 Ano Latomeia Kourtzi C?L on Lesbos GRE Spencer 1995, 9 E3 Antron Kybeles/ HR Kapıkaya Radt 1978 Mithra C3 Aphrodisios? fl. HR on Lesbos GRE RE Lesbos 1, col. 2126 F2 Apias Pedion HR plain of Balıkesir RE ’Απίας πεδίον H4 Axyros, T. R Saraycık SEG 1992.1082 F5 Apollo Karios, T. C Ovacık Bengisu 1994 F3 CH between Yenice and Schuchhardt 1912, 135 Duvarlar Apollonia = Assos F4 HRL near Mecidiye RE 1 C3 Apotheke ACHR monument and fort on Kontes 1978, 331; Schaus 1994, 416-17; Lesbos GRE Spencer 1995, 28 Aqua Traiana See Aqueducts C5 Argennon Pr. CR Ak Burun RE 2 D3 Arginous(s)ai Inss. CH Makronisi RE Arginusai E2 RL Pazarköy RE E2 ? R Karaidin Maden (Gümüş Leaf 1923, 211-12 Maden) G4 R Hacıhasankıranı Malay 1994, 152 B4 Arios M. on Khios GRE RE Chios 1, col. 2290 B4 Ariousia ACHR on Khios GRE RE Chios 1, col. 2290 C3 ACHR , on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 288-91; Spencer 1995, 25-26 H4 Anaeitis, Men R 1 mile NNE Esenyazı Naour 1983, 107, 109 Tiamou, T. (Görnevit) C3 Artemis Thermia, T. ACHR Skala / Loutra Thermis, on Kontes 1978, 235-38; Spencer 1995, 6 Lesbos GRE Ascanius Portus? = Kyllene? E3 Asklepieion HR near Radt 1988, 250-71 D2 Aspaneus H near Avcılar Cook 1973, 267 E4 Aspordenos M. HR Yunt Dağ RE ’Ασπόρδηνον ὄρος C2 Assios fl. HR near Assos Cook 1973, 246 (n. 1) C3 Assos/ ACHRL/ Beyramkale RE 1 Apollonia R Pliny, NH 5.123 E5 *Asteeis? fl. A Tahtalı Çay RE D1 Astyra See Map 51 D3 Astyra? HR Kaplıca, near Nebiler IK 50, 22-23, 248-50 E2 Astyra?/ ACH Büyük Çal Tepe IK 50, 23, 71-90 Andeira? D2 Astyr(i)a? CHRL Kilisetepe, Kaplıcalar Cook 1973, 267; Engelmann 1989, 21 (l.24); IK 50, 16-27 D3 Atarneus ACHR Kale Tepe, near RE 2; IK 50, 263-72; Lambrianides 1996, 190-94 D4 Atarneus sub Pitanem HR Gavurgör RE Atarneus 3; IK 50, 287-88 *Atetta? = Maionia F3 Attaleia HRL near Selçikli TAM 5.2, 296-97 D3 ? HR Maltepe, Ayazment RE 1; IK 50, 232-33, 239-40 (Altınova) G2 Attea RL Ovabayındır Taeuber 1989, 220 F2 Atys? M. R hill near Gökcedere Robert 1937, 211-20 C5 Augonema CHR on Khios GRE Yalouris 1986, 151 E2 Aureliane L Havran (Freneli) RE; IK 50, 65-66 Aureliopolis = Tmolos Autokane=Kane C5 Axos? fl. R stream N Erythrai RE Erythrai, col. 578 MAP 56 PERGAMUM 845

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

C5 Babrantion A?C? Daskalopetra, on Khios RE Chios 1, col. 2291; Yalouris 1986, 159 GRE E5 Belkahve ACH Bean 1979, 41 C3 Bigla tou Aetou AC on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 332; Spencer 1995, 39 F4 Bin Tepe ACH Lydian royal mounds Hanfmann 1983, 53-54 C2 Birytis? CH Mersinoba Cook 1973, 114, 357 F5 Boukolion R S Çatal IK 17.1, 202 C5 *Boutheia C near Çeşme IK 1, 35 C3 Brisa Pr. Kabos Bourkos / Ag. RE Lesbos 1, col. 2126 Phokas, on Lesbos GRE

E3 Caicus fl. HR Bakır Çay RE Kaikos E5 Cayster fl. ACHRL Küçük Menderes RE Kaystros 1 D3 Chalkis? Ins. CH Gymonisi RE 11 C5 Chalkitis R region around Ilıca IK 1, 142 G4 / R/ near Karayakup TAM 5.1, 220 Charakipolis R C5 Chios ACHRL GRE Tsarabopoulos 1986 B5 Chios Ins. Khios GRE RE 1 E5 *Chondria R Şehitler IK 17.1, 271 F4 * RL Keil 1910, 53 C2 Chrysa ACH Göztepe Cook 1973, 232-33 D2 ? ACHRL Mağara Tepe, near Akçay IK 50, 28-31, 35-38 D5 Chyton/ C/ SW Urla Cook 1953, 156-57 Chytrion R (Col. Augusta) Alexandria Troas = Antigoneia E5 See Map 61 C5 Corynaeum? Pr. R Çolak Burnu RE Korunaion D4 ACHRL Nemrut Limanı Knoblauch 1974

G4 (*Phlabiokaisareia) RL/ Nardi TAM 5.1, 200-201 R C3 Damandri CH on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 361 G5 *Daredda R Elbi Keil 1914, 58 F4 Dareioukome R Dereköy RE Dareiu Kome C5 Delphinion CH Delphinion, on Khios Boardman 1956 GRE G5 *Diginda R Kayacık Asar RE C3 Dionysos Bresagenes, T. ACHRL Ag. Phokas, on Lesbos Kontes 1978, 364-65; Spencer 1995, 17 GRE G5 Dios RL RE ∆ιὸς ἱερόν 1 F2 Dios Hieron? R Ilıca Köy Robert 1937, 213 (n. 1) H4 Doroukome? R Ayvatlar TAM 5.1, 137 C5 Dotion HR Dotia, on Khios GRE Yalouris 1986, 146 F5 Draco M. R Mahmut Dağ Cadoux 1938, 8 C3 Drakou Pedema CH on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 291-92; Spencer 1995, 48-49 D4 Drymousa Ins. CHR Uzun Ada RE Drymusa

E4 Elaea ACHRL Kazıkbağları RE 1 D4 Elaioussa Ins. HR Mardaliç Adası RE Elaiussa 1; IK 50, 288 D4 Elaitikos Sinus HR Gulf of Çandarlı RE ’Ελαΐτης; IK 50, 334-36 Elateia? = Herakleia B5 Elinta CHR on Khios GRE Yalouris 1986, 151-52 C5 Embaton C Agrilya RE Embata H4 Emoddi/ See Map 62 *Pereudos C5 Emporio A on Khios GRE Boardman 1967 F2 Enbeilos fl. See Map 52 C4 Epi ? on Khios GRE Zolotas 1908, 174-75 B3 Eresos ACHRL Skala, on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 318-39; Spencer 1995, 29-30 846 MAP 56 PERGAMUM

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

F2 Ergasteria HRL settlement and mine at RE Balya Maden C5 Erythrai CHRL Ildır RE 1 D5 Erythras? R Sarpdere Limanı RE 1 E2 Euenos fl. HR Havran Çay RE 2 Eurydikeia = Smyrna

Flaviopolis = *Lora

E3 Gambreion CHR Poyraçık Schuchhardt 1912, 130 C3 Garbias CHRL on Sandalium? Ins. GRE Koldewey 1890, 42; Spencer 1995, 18 D2 CHRL near Arıklı Cook 1973, 255-61 D2 Gargara Akron HR Kaz Dağ RE Troas 1, cols. 551-52 C2 Gentinos? HR Ballı Dağ Cook 1973, 139-40 D2 ACH Karınkalı Cook 1973, 347-51 §Kerge L HierSyn 663.4 F3 Gergitha? HR Yirce Strabo 13.1.70 Germe = (Hiera) Germe D5 Gerraidai R Sığacık Liman Keil 1912, 61 § Geraesticus Portus H G5 Gevele HRL Keil 1912, 57-58 F4 Glaukos fl. R lower course of Hyllos TAM 5.2, 446 E1 Granicus fl. See Map 52 D3 Grylios fl. R Madra Çay RE; IK 50, 348 E4 Gryneion HR Termaşalık Burnu RE G4 Gygaia/ AR/ Gölü RE / R/ RE 2 Talaimenis L. R? Robert 1987, 311 F4 Gyges AC in Bin Tepe PECS Sardis

Hadrianopolis = Stratonicaea F2 Hadrianoutherai RL Balıkesir Robert 1962, 389 C2 (H)Alesion Pedion HR lower Tuzla Çay Cook 1973, 224 E3 Halisarna ACHR Eğrigöltepe Schuchhardt 1912, 116-17 C5 Halonessos Ins. R Çarufa Ada, formerly Keil 1912, 58 Kamilonissi A2 Halonnesos Ins. Ag. Eustratios or Strati RE GRE C2 Hamaxitos AC Beşiktepe, Gülpınar Cook 1973, 231 D4 Harmatos Pr. CH Çınarburnu RE Harmatus D3 Hekatonnesoi Inss. CHR Yuntadası IK 50, 182-84; Kontes 1978, 234 C4 C? Denizgiren? RE 9 A2 Hephaistia ACHRL Kastro Bouni, on Lemnos Fredrich 1906, 247-49; Mustilli 1932 GRE E4 Herakleia CH Emiralem? Robert 1937, 115 D3 Herakleia/ HR/ near Ayvalık RE 12; IK 50, 178 Elateia? RL RE 4; IK 50, 182, 231-32 §Idale R § Itale A2 Herakles, T. A?C?H? Kome, on Lemnos GRE Fredrich 1906, 251 R? D4 Hermeios Sinus C Izmir Körfezi RE ῞Ερµειος κόλπος F4 Hermokapeleia/ HRL/ S Suleymanköy TAM 5.2, 439-40 Thyessos? C? E4 Hermus fl. ACHRL Gediz Çay RE 2; TIB Phrygien 268 C3 Hiera CHR Perama, on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 247-52; Spencer 1995, 13-14 § I(e)ra F3 (Hiera) Germe RL Kiresun, Savaştepe Robert 1962, 406-408 F4 Hierakome/ HR/ near Sazoba RE Hiera Kome Hierokaisareia RL C5 Hippoi Inss. R in Ildır Körfezi RE 2 F4 (H)Ormoita R Karaağaçlı TAM 5.2, 506 MAP 56 PERGAMUM 847

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

Hyde? = Sardis D4 Pr. CH S RE 7 G4 Hyllos fl. R Demirci Çay TAM 5.1, 29 G4 Hyllos? fl. ACHR Kum Çay RE 1 F5 Hypaipa HRL Datbey RE D5 Hypokremnos R Gülbahce Keil 1912, 60 F4 Hyrcanius Campus HR Ovası RE Hyrkanion Pedion F4 Hyrkanis HRL W Halit Paşa RE G3 *Hyssa R Kıhra TAM 5.1, 248

H4 * See Map 62 D2 Ida M. ACHR Kaz Dağ RE 2 Idaios Sinus = Adramyttenos Sinus C2 Ilieon Kome HR on Cook 1973, 109-11 C2 Ilium/ ACHRL/ Hisarlık RE Suppl. 14 Troia 1 Troia ACHR F3 Indeipedion H between Siledik and Habicht 1975, 78-79 Kırkağaç D4 Ionia ACHRL -Lebedos RE 4 G4 *Ioudda R Sacayak TAM 5.1, 196 C3 ? ACH Xerokastrine, on Lesbos Kontes 1978, 312-15; Spencer 1995, 27 GRE Iulia = *Maiboza G4 Iulia Gordos/ RL/ Eski Gördes TAM 5.1, 225 *Porotta? H

C3 Kabaki C on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 277 A2 Kabeireion ACHR Khloe, on Lemnos GRE Levi 1966 F5 * H? near Gökçen IK 17.2, 396 C3 Kalapetro HR on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 283 D2 Kale Peuke HR N Gürgen Dağ RE Καλὴ Πεύκη; IK 50, 342-44 E5 Kaleon fl. R Uzun Dere RE Smyrna 3, col. 748 C2 Kallikolone M. AH Karatepe Cook 1973, 111-12 C3 Kalogera CH on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 357-58 C2 Kalydnai/ HR/ Tavşanadası RE Kalydna 1 Lagusae Inss. HR Leaf 1923, 222 F4 Kamai R near Arabacıbozköy TAM 5.2, 437 A2 Kaminia C? on Lemnos GRE Fredrich 1906, 252-53 B3 Krousos R on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 333 D3 Kanaites fl. R at Kane RE; IK 50, 277, 347 D4 Kane M. CHR Kara Dağ, near Çandarlı RE Kanai; IK 50, 277, 345 Kane Pr. = Aiga Pr. D3 Kane/ ACH/ Acan Limanı (Bademli) RE Kanai; IK 50, 273-78 Autokane C § Kanai C4 Kardamyle? ACHRL Marmaron, on Khios RE Chios 1, col. 2292 GRE F3 *Karena R N Yatağan BE 1960.353 D3 Karene? C Assar Kaya / Tasağıl Schuchhardt 1912, 122; IK 50, 242, 245-47; Lambrianides 1996, 195-96 C3 Karini H on Lesbos GRE Koldewey 1890, 40-41; Spencer 1995, 16-17 F5 Karios M. C Büyük Kel Dağ Bengisu 1996 E3 Karkasos fl. C Ilias Çay RE C5 Kastelli CHR? on Khios GRE Yalouris 1986, 159 C3 Kastrelli H on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 311 C3 Kastri AC? on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 312; Spencer 1995, 35-36 D5 Kasystes R Kırkdilim Limanı? RE G4 See Map 62 C3 Kato Tritos L on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 246 B5 Kaukasa? CHRL Bolissos, on Khios GRE Chamoux 1980 F5 Kaystrianoi H middle Cayster valley RE 848 MAP 56 PERGAMUM

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

D2 Kebren ACHRL Fuğla Tepe, Çal Dağ Cook 1973, 327-44 D2 Kebren? fl. HR tributary of Menderes Çay Cook 1973, 320 (n. 2) D2 Kenchreai? RL Kayalı Dağ Cook 1973, 288-89 Kertonos? = Kytonion? E3 Keteios fl. HR Kestel Çay Radt 1988, 17 C3 Khontro Bigli CH GRE Spencer 1995, 27-28 C3 Khydera A?C? on Lesbos GRE Schaus 1994, 418 G5 Kilbianoi (Ano) HR upper Cayster valley RE Kilbianoi G5 Kilbianoi (Kato) R upper Cayster valley RE Kilbianoi G5 Kilbos fl. R upper R. Cayster C. Foss E2 Kilikes A Thebe and Lyrnessos Leaf 1923, 305 D4 Killaion M. on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 255 D2 Killaios? M. HR Adatepe Cook 1973, 265 D2 Killaios? fl. HR Zeytinli Dere IK 50, 353 G4 Kissos? fl. R Gürce Çay RE 1 D3 Kisthene? CH Gömeç RE 1; IK 50, 157-61 F5 Kırtepe See Map 61 D5 Klazomenai? A SW Urla Iskelesi Cook 1953 D5 Klazomenai CHRL Klazümen PECS C2 Koçalı R Cook 1973, 208-209 E4 Koddinou Petra R Taş Süret Bean 1979, 33 G5 Kogamos fl. R Derbent Çay RE Kogamis, Kogamos C4 Koila CHRL on Khios GRE Yalouris 1986, 157 C3 Koja Dag ACH on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 311; Spencer 1995, 40 A2 Kokkinos C?H? on Lemnos GRE Fredrich 1906, 253-54 C2 *Kokylion? CR Karaev RE Kokylis; IK 50, 34-35 G5 Koloe RL Kiraz Keil 1914, 57 Koloe L. = Gygaia L. C2 ACH Beşiktepe Cook 1973, 219-20 C5 Kontari HR on Khios GRE Yalouris 1986, 144 G5 *Korakoe R Yeşilkavak Malay 1994, 36-37 H4 Koresa See Map 62 F4 Korou Pedion HR Kasaba ovası RE 11, col. 1440 § Cyri Campus D5 Korykos M. CHR Kiran / Koraka Dağ RE 1 D3 Koryphas HR near Keremköy RE Coryphanta; IK 50, 167-77 D2 Kotylos M. HR Gürgen Dağ RE Troas 1, col. 557; IK 50, 341 C3 Kouphi CH on Lesbos GRE Spencer 1995, 35 B3 Kourouklos AC on Lesbos GRE Schaus 1994, 418 C3 Koutlougouni ACH on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 311; Spencer 1995, 39-40 F4 Kryos fl. R Nif Çay RE C4 Kybelaia AC Badembükü? Keil 1910, 21 D4 Kyllene?/ C/ Yenifoça RE 4; Bean 1966, 99-100 Ascanius Portus? R RE E3 Kytonion?/ C Asar Kale RE; IK 50, 330-31 Kertonos?

Lagusae Inss. = Kalydnai Inss. C2 Lamponia CH Kozlu Dağ Cook 1973, 261-64 F4 *Lamyana R Büyükbelen TAM 5.2, 470 F2 Laneion R S Gökçedere Robert 1937, 207 C3 Lapedia R on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 331 B3 Lapsarna HRL on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 316 E4 Laris(s)a? ACHR Buruncuk, in Aeolis Bean 1966, 97-101; IK 5, 156-64 F5 Larisa CHR near Çatal RE 9 C2 Larisa/ ACH/ , in Troad Cook 1973, 219-21 ? H Robert 1987, 281-89 C3 Larissai Petrai Larsa, on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 243-44 C3 Larsos CHR on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 244 F4 *Lasnedda? R Görece TAM 5.2, 471 C4 Latom CHR? on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 256 C5 Latomi ACHR on Khios GRE Yalouris 1986, 144 MAP 56 PERGAMUM 849

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

C3 Lekton Pr. CHR Bababurnu RE D2 A W Antandros Leaf 1923, 249-50 A2 Lemnos Ins. Lemnos GRE RE C3 Leptymnos M. Korakas, on Lesbos GRE RE B3 Lesbas AHR on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 332 C3 Lesbos Ins. Lesbos GRE Koldewey 1890; RE 1 D4 Leukai CHR Üçtepeler RE Leuka 6 C3 Leukai Inss. Tokmakia GRE RE Leuka 5 B5 Lithi A?HR on Khios GRE Yalouris 1986, 151 G4 *Lora/ R/ Şahankaya? TAM 5.1, 255; Foss 1987, 91 R F4 Lydia/ ACHRL/ central interior W RE 1 Maionia ACHR RE 1 F4 Lykos fl. R Gördük Çay RE 2 E2 Lyrnessos ACH Ala Dağ IK 50, 66-71, 102-12 D4 Lysimachea? H Hatıplar Schuchhardt 1912, 118

E4 CHRL Manisa RE Magnesia 3 F4 *Maiboza/ C?/ Gölmarmara Robert 1980, 329-35 Iulia R Maionia = Lydia G4 Maionia/ HRL/ Menye TAM 5.1, 165-66 *Atetta? H G4 Maionia/ HR E Lydia RE 2 Mysia RE Lydia, col. 2163 C3 Makara AC?H on Lesbos GRE Schaus 1994, 415-16; Spencer 1995, 28-29 G2 Mekestos fl. See Map 52 D3 Malea CHR Akhlia, on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 239 D3 Malene C near Makaronya RE; Lambrianides 1996, 196 D3 Malia Pr. Agrelias GRE RE Lesbos 1, cols. 2128-29 D3 Maloeis Sinus Koldewey 1890, 14 E2 HR around headwaters of RE 2 Karesos B5 Managros A?CHRL on Khios GRE Yalouris 1986, 146 C3 Manna CHR on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 252-54; Spencer 1995, 13 B3 Mantra R on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 330 D5 Marathoussa? Ins. CR Yassıca Ada RE Marathus(s)a D2 Markaion M. L Kayalı Dağ Cook 1973, 287 D2 Marpessos CH Damkale, Zerdalılık Cook 1973, 281-82 D5 Mastousia M. R Dikmen Dağ / Iki Kardeş RE 2 B3 Megalos Lakkos A on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 332; Spencer 1995, 37 C4 Melaina Pr. R Karaburun RE 2 B4 Melaina Pr. Melainos GRE RE Chios 1, col. 2290 E4 Melampagos C Gökkaya RE E5 Meles fl. ACHR Halka Pınar RE Smyrna 3, col. 764 E5 Meletos/ A Izmir Körfezi RE Μέλετος Κόλπος Smyrnaeus Sinus RE Σµυρναίων Κόλπος G4 Meloukome R Çapaklı RE Melokome Men Tiamou, T. = Artemis Anaeitis, T. C5 Mesate Pr. R Top Burnu RE Mesate Akra C3 Messon ACHRL Messa, on Lesbos GRE Koldewey 1890, 47-61; Kontes 1978, 350-65; Spencer 1995, 22-23 C4 Metaon? AC Ta Meti / Plagia, on Kontes 1978, 255-57 Lesbos GRE F4 Meter Plastena, T. R near Taş Süret Bean 1979, 39 E4 Meter Theon, T. HR Mamurt Kale Schuchhardt 1912, 108 C3 Methymna ACHRL Methymna, on Lesbos Buchholz 1975; Spencer 1995, 45 GRE B5 Metokhi CHRL on Khios GRE Yalouris 1986, 152-54 C5 Metokhi A?C? on Khios GRE Hunt 1940, 36 E5 HRL Yeniköy RE 8 850 MAP 56 PERGAMUM

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

D2 Miletos? CR Uyuncak Köprü, over RE 3; IK 50, 64-65, 150-51 Havran Çay C5 Milingos CHR on Khios GRE Yalouris 1986, 157 C4 Mimas M. ACLR Boz Dağ RE 1 F4 *Misnya R Seyitoba? TAM 5.2, 421 Mithra = Antron Kybeles C3 Molibos A on Lesbos GRE Buchholtz 1975, 58-65 C3 Monasteraki CH on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 278-82 D3 R cemetery and mine on Kontes 1978, 238; Millar 1993; Lesbos GRE Spencer 1995, 7-8 E4 Mormonda L Soğukpınar Bean 1955, 51 E4 Moschakome RL? near Tepecik TAM 5.2, 504 F5 HRL near Sancaklıbozköy RE A2 Mosychlos M. Mosykhlos, on Lemnos RE Lemnos, col. 1928 GRE G5 Myloukome R Kemaliye? RE Μυλειτῶν κατοικία A2 Myrina ACHRL Kastro / Myrina, on Fredrich 1906, 243-47; RE 2 Lemnos GRE D4 Myrina/ ACHRL/ mouth of Koca Çay RE Suppl. 6 R D4 Myrmekes R rocks off Eskifener Burnu Cadoux 1938, 18 D4 Myrsinia CHR Myrsinia, on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 255 E2 Mysia ACHRL KlPauly Mysia=Maionia F3 Mysios fl. HR Yağlı Dere (Akcavlı Çay) RE 3 G3 Mysoi Abbaeitai See Map 62 D3 Mytilene ACHRL Mytilene, on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 129-231; Spencer 1995, 9

C4 Nagos ACHR on Khios GRE Yalouris 1986, 156-57 F3 (N)Akokome R Üçavlu TAM 5.2, 421 F3 *Nakrason? HR Maltepe?, Bakır?, BE 1970.512 Ilyaslar? F3 *Nakrason?/ HR/ Maltepe?, Bakır?, BE 1970.512 Tibbai? R Ilyaslar? Herrmann 1986, 18-19 C3 Nape? ACHR Klopedi, on Lesbos GRE Koldewey 1890, 35-36, 44-46 = Por(d)oselene E5 Naulochon/ A/ Bayraklı RE Smyrna 3, cols. 740, 743 Smyrna/ AC/ PECS Palaia Smyrna R RE Smyrna 3, col. 742 C2 Neandria ACH Çıgrı Dağ RE E4 Neonteichos ACHRL Yanıkköy? RE 2 B3 Nesope Ins. Megalonisi GRE Kontes 1978, 339 G5 Nikaia RL Türkönü Keil 1914, 57 H4 *Nisyra See Map 62 C3 Ntantania C on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 292-93 E5 [] H Kemalpaşa Robert 1980, 386-92

G4 * HR Selekler, Borlu BE 1984.385 C4 Oinous(s)ai Inss. Oinoussai GRE RE Oinussai 2 C4 Oinousa Ins. Oinousa GRE RE Oinussai 2 D3 Okcular L fortified settlement with IK 50, 310-19 church, NW Perperene; Theodosiopolis? E4 Olympos H Yenice RE 18 C3 Olympos M. Ag. Elias, on Lesbos RE Lesbos 1, col. 2130 GRE E5 Olympos? M. R Nif Dağı Cadoux 1938, 8 C1 HR near Erenköy RE; Cook 1973, 72-77 B3 Ordymnos M. Hypsilia Monastiri, on RE Lesbos 1, col. 2130 Lesbos GRE Ormoita = (H)Ormoita E5 *Oroanna H N Colophon Robert,OMS7, 316-18 G5 *Oumyrota R Suludere IK 17.2, 323 (no. 3713) MAP 56 PERGAMUM 851

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

E3 Paşa Ilıca R Schuchhardt 1912, 131-32 G5 Pactolus fl. CHR Sart Çay RE Paktolos E5 Pagos M. R Kadife Kale RE Smyrna 3, col. 747 D2 Palaia Gargara AC Kocakaya Cook 1973, 257-58 Palaia Smyrna = Naulochon A2 Palaio Pretorio A?C?H? on Lemnos GRE Sealy 1918-19, 161-62 R? B3 Palaiokhori HR on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 316; Spencer 1995, 4 D2 Palaiskepsis? AC Küçük İkizce? Cook 1973, 300-304 Palamedium = Polymedion E4 *Panda R Çamköy? TAM 5.2, 499 C3 Parakoila AC? on Lesbos GRE Koldewey 1890, 39; Spencer 1995, 27 E3 Parthenion? CHR Eski Bergama Schuchhardt 1912, 110 F5 *Parsada L Parsa Robert, Hell.6,115 E5 Pegaseum Stagnum See Map 61 D5 Pele? Ins. CR Hekim Adası RE 3 G2 Pelekas M. HR between Balıkesir and Robert 1937, 190-91 Simav Çay C4 Pelinnaion M. on Khios GRE RE Chios 1, col. 2290 E4 Pelopis Thronus R Yarıkkaya Bean 1979, 40 *Pereudos = Emoddi E3 Pergamum ACHRL Bergama RE Pergamos 1 F2 Pericharaxis CHRL at Kadı Kale Çay RE D3 Perperene/ CHRL/ Aşagı Beyköy RE; IK 50, 291-309 Theodosiopolis L F5 Person Exedra A?C on Kel Dağ Bengisu 1996 C3 Petra R on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 277; Spencer 1995, 43 C3 Petra AC on Lesbos GRE Koldewey 1890, 35 D2 Phalakrai HR summit of Mt. Ida Cook 1973, 304 B5 Phanai ACHRL Kato Phana, on Khios Lamb 1934 GRE C5 Phanai Pr. Mastikho GRE Boardman 1967, 253-54 D3 Phara HR on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 242-43 H5 Philadelpheia HRL Alaşehir RE 1 D4 Phocaea ACHRL Foça RE Phokaia C4 Phoinikous? Sinus CR Eğri Liman RE Phoinikus 6 C3 Phonias A on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 312; Spencer 1995, 40-41 D4 Phrikonis CH district around Larisa and RE Kyme 2 Cyme F4 Phrygios fl. HR Kum Çay (lower course) RE 1 E5 Phyrites fl. R Fitrek Çay RE F4 Pidasos fl. R tributary of Kum Çay TAM 5.2, 464-65 E3 Pindasos M. HR Madra Dağ RE; IK 50, 345 F3 *Pingea R Yayaköy? TAM 5.2, 421 F2 Pionia(i) CHRL Gömeniç Robert 1962, 364; IK 50, 93-97 D4 ACHRL Çandarlı RE F3 *Pityaia H near Süleymanlı TAM 5.2, 309 C3 Plagia HRL on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 256-58; Spencer 1995, 15 E2 Plakos M. AHR Paşa Dağ, mountain and RE; IK 50, 45, 55-62 village above Thebe C3 Platy Bounari HR on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 363 D5 *Polichna C Balıklıova? ATL 1, 487 D5 Polichne C Urla Iskelesi? RE 10 C3 Polymedion/ ACH/ Asarlık RE Palamedium HR D3 Por(d)oselene/ CHRL/ Alibey Adası RE; IK 50, 198-212 Nasos CH §Nesos *Porotta? = Iulia Gordos 852 MAP 56 PERGAMUM

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

C4 Poseideion Pr. on Khios, Ag. Helene / Zolotas 1908, 174-75 Katomeras GRE E5 Prepelaion? H Cambaz Tepe Robert 1989, 77-85 B4 Psyra ACHRL GRE RE Suppl. 14 B4 Psyra Ins. Psara GRE RE Suppl. 14 C5 Pteleon C near Karareis-Meli RE Polichne 9 C1 Pteleos L. HR Erenköy Cook 1973, 72-74 Ptolemais? = Larisa D3 Pyrra Pr. HR Bozburun, N Yapuköy RE 18; IK 50, 154-56 C3 Pyrra ACHR Megale Limne, on Lesbos Kontes 1978, 340-46; Spencer 1995, 21-22 GRE C3 Pyrraion? M. Tschiftlik, on Lesbos Koldewey 1890, 32 GRE C3 Pyrraios Sinus gulf RE Pyrrha 8, cols. 1415-16 Pythikos fl. = Titnaios fl.

C1 Rhoiteion ACH Baba Kale Cook 1973, 77-90 G2 Rhyndakos fl. See Map 52

H4 Saittai See Map 62 E4 Saloe?/ HR/ Karagöl Cadoux 1938, 38 Tantali? L. R RE Ταντάλου λίµνη C2 Samonion Pedion HR E Neandria Cook 1973, 315 E4 Sancaklı Kalesi H Bean 1979, 42 F3 *Sandaina? R Asarlık, between Yirce Schuchhardt 1912, 138 and Çandır C3 Sandalium? Ins. Gabia GRE Pliny, NH 5.140; IG 12.2 (Map 2) F5 Saouenda R Yegenli Keil 1914, 66 F4 Sardianon Pedion HR Strabo 13.4.5 G5 Sardis/ ACHRL/ Sart RE Sardeis; PECS ? A RE 1 E4 Sarıçam HR settlement and temple TAM 5.2, 500 G4 RL Adala TAM 5.1, 194-95 C2 Satnioeis fl. AH Yermidere Çay RE C2 Scamander fl. ACHR Menderes Çay RE Troas 1, col. 565 Sebastopolis = Myrina F5 *Selinda R near Ören RE Σέλινδα E3 Selinos fl. R Bergama Çay Radt 1988, 17 C3 Selles A on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 282; Spencer 1995, 43 D4 Sidoussa? Ins. AC Büyükada IK 1, 35-37 C2 AC Yenişehir Cook 1973, 178-88 C1 Sigeion Pr. Kumkale RE 1 B3 Sigrion Pr. GRE Strabo 13.2.2 B3 Sigron ACHRL Sigri, on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 338-39 F5 *Siklia R near Furunlu IK 17.1, 208 (no. 3287a) E4 Sillyos L? Ciğli? RE C2 Simoeis fl. AH Dümruk Su RE 1 E4 Sipylos M. ACHRL Manisa Dağı RE 1 C3 Skala Polykhnitou A on Lesbos GRE Schaus 1994, 420 (n. 55) D3 Skala ton Loutron CHRL on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 241-42; Spencer 1995, 12 C3 Skala ton Mistegnon HRL on Lesbos GRE Koldewey 1890, 33-35 C2 Skamandreia CHR Adatepe Cook 1973, 354-56 C2 Skamandros L Akköy Yakası Cook 1973, 275-76, 355-56 D2 Skepsis CHR Kurşunlu Tepe Cook 1973, 345-47 C3 Skoteino A on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 282; Spencer 1995, 42 C2 ACHR Külahlı, Gülpınar Cook 1973, 228-30 E5 Smyrna/ HRL/ Izmir RE 3 Eurydikeia H RE §Zmyrna HRL Cadoux 1938, 31-32 Smyrna = Naulochon Smyrnaeus Sinus = Meletos Sinus B3 Sta Oikia R on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 330 MAP 56 PERGAMUM 853

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

C2 Stoma Limne HR E mouth of Menderes Çay RE Στοµαλίµνη 1 F3 Stratonicaea/ HRL/ Siledik, Yağmurlu Robert 1962, 252-72 RL RE 1

Talaimenis L. = Gygaia L. Tantali? L. = Saloe? L. C4 Tantalos M. Dalados, on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 255 F4 Monu. R near Taş Süret Bean 1979, 35-39 G5 *Tarigya R? Akpınar Keil 1914, 58 C4 Tarti CHR on Lesbos GRE Spencer 1995, 14 F5 Tateikome R Yaykın Buresch 1898, 5 F3 Temnon M. HR between Kırkağaç and RE Balıkesir E4 CHR Gurice RE F5 *Tempsis R Dağmarmara BE 1958.435 F5 Tempsis M. R Çatma Dağ RE; C. Foss C2 ACHR Bozcaada Leaf 1923, 214-16 C2 Tenedos Ins. ACHRL Bozcaada RE 1 D5 ACHRL Sığacık RE E5 Termetis M. R SW Smyrna RE Smyrna 3, col. 759 C5 Tes Kores to Gephyri HR on Khios GRE Yalouris 1986, 144 E3 ACHRL Kalerga Schuchhardt 1912, 115 E3 Teuthras M. R N Pergamum RE 9 H4 Thea Larmene, T. R Yeşiloba Tepe? TAM5.1,179,186 E2 Thebe ACHR 1 mile NNE Edremit RE 5; IK 50, 45 D2 Pedion CHR plain of Edremit Leaf 1923, 307-308; IK 50, 46-47 Theodosiopolis = Perperene C3 Therma? CH Ag. Thumianos, on Kontes 1978, 234-35 Lesbos GRE C5 Thymiana R? on Khios GRE Yalouris 1986, 145 F4 Thyateira HRL RE Thybarna?=Thymbrara Thyessos? = Hermokapeleia C2 AC area of Akça Köy and Cook 1973, 117-21 Hanay Tepe G4 Thymbrara/ C/ near Durasallı Hanfmann 1975, 23 Thybarna? C RE C2 Thymbras Pedion HR plain at confluence of Cook 1973, 117-18 Kemer Su and Menderes Çay C2 Thymbrios fl. HR Kemer Su Cook 1973, 117 E3 Tiarai? HRL Karacakaya, Geyikli Dağ RE; IK 50, 327-28 Tibbai? = *Nakrason? E4 Tisna/ ACH Küçük Çanita, Güzelhisar RE Titne E4 Titnaios/ R/ Güzelhisar Çay RE Τιτναῖος Pythikos fl. L Titne = Tisna F4 Tmolos/ R/ Gökkaya Foss 1982, 184 Aureliopolis RL F5 Tmolus M. ACHR Boz Dağ RE Tmolos 1 G4 *Tomara R Göcek? RE 1 G5 Torrebia L. R Gölcük Robert 1987, 309 C2 Tragasai HR Tuzla RE E3 Trarion R Assarkaya, near Yukarı RE 1; IK 50, 328-30 Beyköy C1 HR Tek Top, 5 miles SW Cook 1973, 86 Erenköy C3 Trianta CHL on Lesbos GRE Koldewey 1890, 35; Spencer 1995, 26 C2 Troas ACHR RE 1 Troia=Ilium 854 MAP 56 PERGAMUM

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

C2 Troicus Campus HR lower Menderes Çay plain Leaf 1923, 169-70 F5 Troketta R near RE Kaisareia 7 B3 Tsouloumountra HR on Lesbos GRE Kontes 1978, 316 F4 Tyanollos HR Lutfiye TAM 5.2, 469-70

C2 fl. HR tributary of Simoeis Leaf 1923, 161-62 D4 Xanthos fl. R at Cyme Head 1911, 554

F5 Yusufdere R site with Caesareum IK 17.2, 398

H3 Antigonios, T. R near Imrenler Malay 1994, 52-54 H4 Zeus ek Didymon Dryon?, See Map 62 T. H3 Zeus Thimenos, T. See Map 62

Aqueducts

Grid Name / Location Period Reference

E5 Aqua Traiana, at Ak Pınar R IK 24.1, 164

C2 Ilium R Cook 1973, 282 C3 Methymna, on Lesbos R Buchholz 1975, 57-58 D3 Mytilene, on Lesbos R Koldewey 1890, 65-68; Chatzeioannou 1985 E3 Pergamum (7) Garbrecht 1987 E5 Smyrna (2) R RE Smyrna 3, col. 754

Bridges

Grid Location Period Reference

C2 N Smintheion RL Cook 1973, 225 C3 near Pyrra, on Lesbos R? Kontes 1978, 349 F2 at Pericharaxis RL Hasluck 1910, 139 F4 over R. Hermus, NW Sardis R? Hanfmann 1975, 19 F5 S Mostene? R? C. Foss G2 NE Laneion RL Hasluck 1910, 132 G4 near Satala R? Magie 1950, 786

Roads

Itinerary Period Reference

Adramyttium → Pergamum RL Magie 1950, 793 Alexandria Troas → Skamandreia RL Cook 1973, 392 Antandros → N RL Cook 1973, 289-90; IK 50, 337 Assos → Gargara RL Cook 1973, 252-53 Assos → Smintheion → Alexandria Troas → Ilium → RL ItMiller 697-98 N Cayster valley RL IK 17.1, 148 Gargara → Antandros → Adramyttium → Koryphas → RL ItMiller 698-99 Heracleia → Attaia? → S Hadrianoutherai → (Hiera) Germe → Pergamum RL Magie 1950, 798 Ilium → Gargara RL D.H. French Map 52 → Argiza → Adramyttium RL Magie 1950, 794 Map 52 → Pericharaxis → Pergamum RL Hasluck 1910, 138-39 Miletos? → Hadrianoutherai RL ItMiller 713 MAP 56 PERGAMUM 855

Itinerary Period Reference

Myrina → Aegae RL Magie 1950, 795 Pergamum → Thyateira RL Magie 1950, 798-99 Sardis → E RL Magie 1950, 786 Sardis → RL Magie 1950, 786 Sardis → C Foss 1978, 27-37 Sardis →Thyateira RL Magie 1950, 799 Smyrna → Cyme → Myrina → Elaea → Pergamum RL Magie 1950, 793-95 Smyrna → Ephesus RL Magie 1950, 795-96 Smyrna → Myrina RL Magie 1950, 795 Smyrna → N RL Bean 1979, 70 Smyrna → Sardis RL Magie 1950, 786 Smyrna → W RL Magie 1950, 796 Thyateira → Hadrianoutherai → N RL Magie 1950, 797-99 Thyateira → Hermokapeleia RL TAM 5.2, 439-43

Tumuli

Grid Location Period Reference

E4 W Moschakome AC Ramage 1971 E4 cluster W *Panda AC Ramage 1971 F3 NE Apollonis AC Ramage 1971 F4 S Apollonis AC Ramage 1971 F4 cluster ESE Thyateira AC Ramage 1971 F4 3 around Gygaia L. AC Ramage 1971 F4 6 clusters in Korou Pedion AC Ramage 1971 F5 E Boukolion AC Ramage 1971 G4 cluster SW *Odon AC Ramage 1971 G4 4 clusters in Sardianon Pedion / AC Ramage 1971 Katakekaumene G5 3 near Koloe AC Ramage 1971

Unlocated Toponyms

Name Period Probable Location Reference

(...)dana R upper Can Çay valley Le Bas 1870.1745 Achelous fl. A on Sipylos M. RE Sipylos, col. 279 Adai/ R near Cyme IK 5, 148 Halai Agam(m)eia Beşika Burnu RE Troas 1 A? on Lesbos Pliny, NH 5.139; StByz ’Αγαµήδη Ageana R upper Can Çay valley RE Ageannoi Aigiroessa C in Aeolis IK 5, 147 Ainea upper R. Aisepos valley Cook 1973, 302 Aisyme in Troad or RE Troas 1, col. 528 Aisyme Akrasos RL plain of Kırkagaç BE 1970.512 Alabastros fl. R Mt. Ida Pliny, NH 5.122 Algiza L upper Cayster valley? RE Alybe settlement and lake in N Asia RE 1 Minor Ambonium near RE Anaideia in Troad? RE ’Αναιδείας χῶρος Antiochia H name for Kebren? Robert 1987, 284-85 / R/ region Pliny, NH 5.122; IK 50, 166-67 Politice Orgas C?H? Apidanos in Troad RE 2 Apolloniacharax R N Lydia Habicht 1975, 74 Ardynion A Mysian city in plain of Thebe IK 50, 125 856 MAP 56 PERGAMUM

Name Period Probable Location Reference

Argos H on Khios Zolotas 1908, 163-184 (no. 3 A11) *Arima A in Katakekaumene Robert 1962, 287-89 Arkadiupolis L Cayster valley? RE 2 Asklepieion H (founded by ) in RE Troas 1, col. 548 Mysia Asterion R on Tenedos RE Tenedos 1, col. 495 Astron fl. R Mt. Ida Pliny, NH 5.122 Hyperdexia, T. H? on Lesbos StByz ‛Υπερδέξιον Augaza/ L upper Cayster valley? RE; RE Euaza Euaza/ Theodosiopolis Auliou Kome/ L upper Cayster valley RE Αὐλίου Κῶµη Valentinianopolis

Baisteana R upper Can Çay valley RE Baisteanoi Balce R inland in Mysia Pliny, NH 5.126 Baretta L Cayster valley? RE Bla(un)dos L Mysia / Troad RE Blaudos Boione HR between Larisa and Phocaea Engelmann 1981 Boliskos C on Khios Thuc. 8.24.3 Botion L near Ilium RE Bregma R in Pergamene conventus RE Bregmeni Brenthis RE Suppl. 4 Karnabas

Chalkideis R region of Teos RE Teos, col. 566 Chalkis Inss. StByz Χαλκῖτις Chryse on Lesbos StByz Χρύση Cormalos fl. R Mt. Ida Pliny, NH 5.122 CreonM. onLesbos Pliny,NH 5.140 Crianos fl. R Mt. Ida Pliny, NH 5.122 Cydonea Ins. R off Lesbos IK 50, 179

Doidye H region of Apollonis TAM 5.2, 421 Doryknama L on Lesbos IG 12.2.129.5

Elaioussa C region of Erythrai IK 1, 37 Enalos? Pr. on Lesbos , Moralia 163a-d Euaza=Augaza Eureeis H river and village near Skepsis RE Κορύβισσα

Geren on Lesbos StByz Γέρην Geronton Limen on Khios RE Chios, col. 2292 Get(h)one/ R townorislandinTroad RE Gentinos? H between Menderes Çay and Can Leaf 1923, 208 Çay

Hierolophos R N Magnesia TAM 5.2, 499 Hieros fl. R Mt. Ida Pliny, NH 5.122 Hippoi L in of Hellespont RE 1 Hippokrorona H Adramyttium area IK 50, 34 *Hychanta R upper Can Çay valley Le Bas 1870.1745 Hyperdexion H? on Lesbos StByz ‛Υπερδέξιον

Iolla C near Adramyttium, perhaps at Imhoof-Blumer 1883, 245-48; IK 50, 113-15 Fuğla Tepe, near Börezli *Ilbeita R upper Can Çay valley Le Bas 1870.1745 *Iskra R Mysian community Robert 1962, 400 Itone C? on Tmolus M.? Robert 1962, 314

Kalleneis R on Lesbos BE 1976.595 Kam(br)e HR Bakır Çay valley on RE Kambre; Robert 1962 Mysian-Lydian border MAP 56 PERGAMUM 857

Name Period Probable Location Reference

Kanai Inss. Strabo 13.2.2 *Karbaleida R Mysian community Robert 1962, 400 Karidai ACHR on Khios Athenaeus 3.105d-e Karseai/ H Mysia / Lydia Robert 1937, 194-97; RE Karseai; RE Καρσεῖς Karseis/ Kerasai/ Kerateis Kerassai HL region of Sardis Robert 1962, 273-78 Kerdanetta RL region of Philadelpheia Feissel 1996 Kilbion M. R peak of Tmolus RE Κίλβιον ὄρος Killa ACH perhaps near Akçay Leaf 1923, 311-13 Kimpsos H region of Sardis Robert 1962, 314 Kissos H RE Kissos 5 Kithos on Lesbos RE Lesbos 1, col. 2127 Kleandria between Menderes Çay and Can Leaf 1923, 208 Çay, 60 stades from Kale Peuke *Koloe R near Koloe L. Malay 1994, 43-44 Kolonai CH territory of Erythrai IK 2, 303 Konisine/ RL inland in Mysia Robert 1962, 160 (n. 6) Konision Korone R perhaps near Killa IK 50, 33-34 Korybissa H sanctuary near Skepsis RE Κορύβισσα Krasos H in Troad? RE Κρασός 1 Krene Helenes A? on Khios StByz ‛Ελένη Krybissos H region of Teos Robert, OMS 7, 297-379 Krymne H in Troad RE Troas 1, col. 558

*Lakimai HR N Lydia BE 1984.385 Leuke Akra on Lesbos IG 12.2.79a.6 Leukonia A mainland (not on Khios) Plutarch, Moralia 244e-45c; Boardman 1967, 254-56 Lycide R inland in Mysia RE Lykide Lygdamum R in Mysia Pliny, NH 5.126

Macistus M. on Lesbos Pliny, NH 5.140 *Mandacanda RL in conventus of Adramyttium, RE Mandakanda province of Hellespont Mandrai H Pergamene village Robert 1962, 79-80 Mandrai L bishopric in province of RE Hellespont; at Mandrachora, E Balıkesir? Melainai H village near Kotylos M. RE 4 Mernouphyta H region of Thyateira TAM 5.2, 352 Mesogeion/ hill on Lesbos shore Myrsilos, FHG 4, 459 Herma M. Mokada H Mysian / Lydian mountains BE 1984.385 *Mola R Maionia BE 1977.450 *Mossyna R in Pergamene conventus RE *Mottiana R upper Can Çay valley Le Bas 1870.1745 *Mourena R N Lydia Habicht 1975, 74 Mygdonia R in Pergamene conventus RE 4

Nea Aule/ L region of Philadelpheia? HierSyn 660.7 Theodosiopolis Nea Kome/ RL between Polichna and Palaiskepsis Leaf 1923, 211 Nee

Oanos L above Sardis? Robert 1962, 316 Oios ho Grallades H on Khios Zolotas 1908, 163-84 (no. 3 A24) Oios ho Hermaites H on Khios Zolotas 1908, 163-84 (no. 3 A17, 23) Ollius fl. R in Mysia, perhaps (I)ollius (see IK 50, 113, 348-49 Iolla) and to be identified with Karınca Su 858 MAP 56 PERGAMUM

Name Period Probable Location Reference

Orphitos fl. on Lesbos IG 12.2.129.2 *Outhimena R N Lydia Habicht 1975, 74 Oxyopum R in Mysia RE

Palaia R 130 stades from Andeira IK 50, 91 Palaimagnesia H fort near Magnesia IK 8, 114-15 *Panda/ in Pergamene conventus TAM 5.2, 499 Pantheum *Pantheon R NW Lydia TAM 5.2, 499 Parthenion H crag in Tmolus Robert 1962, 315 (n. 1) Passanda CL village near Adramyttium and IK 50, 157 Kisthene Pedaion ARL perhaps near Thebe IK 50, 47 Pedasos H deserted site near Satnioeis fl. RE 4 Penthile on Lesbos StByz Πενθίλη Petra H Ballı Dağ? RE Troas 1, col.. 560 Philetaireia H S side of Mt. Ida, N Gulf of IK 50, 13 Adramyttium Phlossa H region of Smyrna RE Smyrna 3, col. 759 Planateis L on Lesbos IG 12.2.129.1 Polichna CHRL city of inland Troad RE 11 Polichne A on Khios Hdt. 6.26 Polion Poli on Lesbos? (but no sign of StByz Πόλιον; RE Lesbos, col. 2131; ancient occupation there) Kontes 1978, 256 Politice Orgas = Aphrodisias Pornopia H on Nesos? IG 12.2.645.48 Posidea R inland town of Aeolis Pliny, NH 5.121 Prinna H in Peraea of Mytilene; note IK 50, 166 and map modern toponym Prina near Keremköy (Koryphas) Pylaion M. on Lesbos Strabo 13.3.3

Rekita L Mysia / Troad HierSyn 662.14

Sagara L near Balıkesir? HierSyn 663.5 Sardessos near Lyrnessos RE; IK 50, 71 Sarnaca R inland in Mysia Pliny, NH 5.126 Siai L Cayster valley? HierSyn 660.1b Silindion on Ida M. RE Sipylos C probably legendary RE *Sivissa R Mysian community Robert 1962, 400 Stabulum R inland in Mysia Pliny, NH 5.126

Teium R inland in Mysia Pliny, NH 5.126 Theodosiopolis = Augaza Theodosiopolis = Nea Aule Tiarai regio CH on Lesbos Athenaeus 2.62b-c *Trinoixeita R upper Can Çay valley RE ὁχῶροςὁΤρινοιξειτῶν

Valentinianopolis = Auliou Kome

Xanthos C on Lesbos StByz Ξάνθος

Zeus Hyperdexios, T. H? on Lesbos StByz ‛Υπερδέξιον MAP 56 PERGAMUM 859

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