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Jučer, Danas I Sutra Nakladnik: Federalni Agromediteranski Zavod Mostar, Biskupa Čule 10

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Jučer, Danas I Sutra Nakladnik: Federalni Agromediteranski Zavod Mostar, Biskupa Čule 10 ZBORNIK RADOVA s međunarodnog znanstveno-stručnog skupa Duhan u Bosni i Hercegovini – jučer, danas i sutra Nakladnik: Federalni agromediteranski zavod Mostar, Biskupa Čule 10 Za nakladnika: Prof. dr. sc. Marko Ivanković Uredništvo/Znanstveni odbor: Prof. dr. sc. Marko Ivanković, Akademik Jakov Pehar, Prof. dr. sc. Jure Beljo, Prof. dr. sc. Nevenko Herceg, Prof. dr. sc. Hamid Ćustović, Prof. dr. sc. Ivan Ostojić, Prof. dr. sc. Adrijana Filipović, Doc. dr. sc. Ana Mandić, Dr. sc. Frano Strikić, Dr. sc. Marin Čagalj, Dr. sc. Miro Barbarić, Mr. sc. Maja Đemidžić, Mr. sc. Marija Prlić Glavni urednik: Prof. dr. sc. Jure Beljo Tajnica Uredništva: Ornela Čolić, iur. Grafička priprema i tisak: FRAM ZIRAL, Mostar Naklada: 200 komada CIP - Katalogizacija u publikaciji Nacionalna i univerzitetska biblioteka Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo 633.71(497.6)(063)(082) MEĐUNARODNI znanstveno-stručni skup Duhan u Bosni i Hercegovini (2017 ; Mostar) Duhan u Bosni i Hercegovini - jučer, danas i sutra [Elektronski izvor] : zbornik radova s Međunarodnog znanstveno-stručnog skupa Duhan u Bosni i Hercegovini - jučer, danas i sutra / Međunarodni znanstveno-stručni skup Duhan u Bosni i Hercegovini - jučer danas i sutra, Mostar, 2. i 3. listopada 2017. - El. knjiga. - Mostar : Federalni agromediteranski zavod, 2017. - 295 str. Način dostupa (URL): http://www.faz.ba. - Nasl. s nasl. ekrana. - Izvor opisan dana 9.10.2017. ISBN 978-9926-8198-3-5 COBISS.BH-ID 24450310 ZBORNIK RADOVA s međunarodnog znanstveno-stručnog skupa Duhan u Bosni i Hercegovini – jučer, danas i sutra Mostar, 2. i 3. listopada 2017. Sadržaj Jure Beljo, Milojka Nadaždin, Ana Mandić Značaj Duhanskog instituta Mostar za duhan I poljopriVredu Bosne I HercegoVine ..................................................................7 Gordana Miceska , Miroslav Dimitrieski VARIETY STRUCTURE AS AN ESSENTIAL FACTOR FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRODUCTION OF ORIENTAL TOBACCO IN REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA AND MARKETING OF TOBACCO PRODUCTION COMPETITIVE IN FOREGIN MARKETS ........................................18 Miomir Jovanović, Miljan Joksimović i Aleksandra Despotović ANALIZA STANJA I PRESPEKTIVE RAZVOJA DUVANSKE INDUSTRIJE U CRNOJ GORI ....................................................................................................................... 28 Romina Kabranova, Zlatko Arsov TOBACCO PRODUCTION IN MACEDONIA .............................................................. 37 Marin Čagalj, Josip Gugić, Frane Strikić POVIJESNI PREGLED UZGOJA DUHANA U DALMACIJI ......................................48 Mile Peševski DUHAN U REPUBLICI MAKEDONIJI – JUČER, DANAS I SUTRA ......................60 Jure Beljo, Marko Ivanković, Nevenko Herceg GOSPODARSKO I SOCIJALNO ZNAČENJE UZGOJA DUHANA U HERCEGOVINI ....................................................................................................................... 70 Marko Ivanković, Brano Markić, Maja Đemidžić Ekonomski, tržIšni I tehnološki aspekti nestanka proizVodnje duhana U HercegoVini .............................................................. 83 Jakov Pehar ZNAČAJ ZNANSTVENO – ISTRAžIVAČKOG RADA ZA POLJOPRIVREDU U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI ............................................................101 Hamid Čustović DOPRINOS DUHANSKOG INSTITUTA MOSTAR U PEDOLOšKIM ISTRAžIVANJIMA I RAZVOJU POLJOPRIVREDE HERCEGOVINE ................... 111 5 Hasan Nurkić Duhan U PosaVini U prošlosti I sadašnjosti ............................................131 Borko Sorajić, Tea Zerdelić DUHAN U ISTOČNOJ HERCEGOVINI – PRIMJER OPšTINE LJUBINJE .......... 144 Marin Čagalj, Marko Ivanković Temeljne značajke duhanske industrije U EU - S posebnim osVrtom NA Republiku HRVatsku .................................................................... 153 Frano Ljubić OD PROIZVODNJE DUHANA MOGLO SE PREžIVJETI I NAUČITI KAKO žIVJETI ...................................................................................................................... 166 Marinko Šakota DUHAN U DJELIMA DIDAKA BUNTIĆA ................................................................... 186 Marko Ivanković, Jure Beljo REVitalizacija uzgoja hercegoVačkoga tipa duhana - MIT ili realnost? ....................................................................................................................204 Vladimir Trninić PRIHODI SEOSKIH GOSPODARSTAVA MOSTARSKOG BLATA .......................220 Ivan Jurilj, Miroslav Marić, Marko Vukoja ZNAČAJ ZAšTITE HERCEGOVAČKOG DUHANA RAVNJAKA OZNAKOM ZEMLJOPISNOG PODRIJETLA ..............................................................237 Ivan Ostojić, Mladen Zovko, Danijela Petrović VAžNIJI šTETNICI DUHANA (NICOTIANA TABACUM L.) NA PODRUČJU HERCEGOVINE ...........................................................................................255 Ivan Vukojević, Jure Beljo, Zrinka Barišić Marenić UTJECAJ TEHNOLOGIJE OBRADE DUHANA NA PROSTORNU ORGANIZACIJU DUHANSKIH STANICA NA PODRUČJU HERCEGOVINE ...266 Marija Naletilić KRIJUMČARENJE DUHANA IZ HERCEGOVINE U BOSNU, DALMACIJU I DRUGE KRAJEVE OD 1918. DO 1941. GODINE ............................284 6 Značaj DUhanskog INSTITUta Mostar za DUHAN I poljoprivrEDU BOSNE I HERCEgovinE Beljo, J1., Nadaždin, M2., Mandić, A1. Sažetak Duhanski institut Mostar osnovan je 1952. godine. Bila je to prva znan- stvenoistraživačka organizacija u poljoprivredi Hercegovine, a osnovana je u cilju unapređenja duhanskog gospodarstva Bosne i Hercegovine. No istraživački rad u duhanu počeo je znatno ranije. Može se reći da je istraživački rad na kulturi duhana započet osnivanjem uzornih dobara u vrijeme Austrougarske, a nastavljen je osnivanjem Duhanske ogled- ne stanice u Domanovićima. Ono što je obilježilo osnivanje Duhanskog instituta je sustavni znanstvenoistraživački rad koji je svoju primjenu našao ne samo u duhanskom gospodarstvu, već i u drugim poljoprivred- nim kulturama i općenito agraru Bosne i Hercegovine. Duhanski institut osnovan je ponajprije radi unapređenja proizvodnje duhana koji je u to vrijeme bio najvažnija poljoprivredna kultura i jedna od važnijih gos- podarskih djelatnosti Hercegovine. Međutim, tehnologija proizvodnje je stagnirala, što se odražavalo na smanjenim prinosima, slabijoj kvaliteti i smanjenoj konkurentnosti hercegovačkog duhana na tržištu. Istraživači Instituta odmah su napravili program unapređenja duhana kao kulture i duhanskog gospodarstva koji je uspješno provođen tijekom djelovanja Instituta. Tijekom svog djelovanja Duhanski je institut sustavno radio na unapređenju proizvodnje i obrade duhana, uvođenjem odgovarajućeg sortimenta, primjenom adekvatnih agrotehničkih mjera i tehnoloških rješenja. Sve je to rezultiralo povećanjem opsega proizvodnje, poboljša- njem kvalitete i povećanjem konkurentnosti našeg duhana na tržištu. No istraživanja koja su provodili istraživači Instituta, napose u oblasti pedo- logije, ishrane bilja, zaštite bilje, kemije, ekonomike, našla su primjenu i u drugim kulturama i djelatnostima osim duhana, što je doprinijelo razvoju ukupnog agrara Bosne i Hercegovine. Stoga je Duhanski institut 1 Prof. dr. sc. Jure Beljo, Agronomski i prehrambeno-tehnološki fakultet Mostar, [email protected] Doc. dr. sc.. Ana Mandić, Agronomski i prehrambeno-tehnološki fakultet Mostar 2 Dr. sc. Milojka Nadaždin, Fra Franje Milićevića 15/2, Mostar 7 JURE BELJO, MILOJKA NADAždiN, ANA MANdić Mostar nezaobilazna tema u svim raspravama o agraru Bosne i Hercego- vine u drugoj polovini 20. stoljeća. Ključne riječi: Duhan, Duhanski institut, proizvodnja duhana, duhansko gospodarstvo Uvod Znanstvenoistraživački rad i primjena znanstvenih spoznaja u praksi temelj je unapređenja svake gospodarske djelatnosti. Takav je slučaj i s duhanom, od- nosno duhanskim gospodarstvom. Unapređenje proizvodnje duhana u Bosni i Hercegovini jasno je povezano s početkom organizirane proizvodnje duhana i osnivanjem uzornih polja nakon austrougarske okupacije. Bio je to začetak znanstvenoistraživačkog i stručnog rada u duhanu, što se odmah osjetilo u praksi. Uzorna, odnosno pokusna polja su odigrala korisnu ulogu u razvoju proizvodnje duhana, a osnivanjem Duhanske ogledne stanice u Domanovi- ćima znanstveni i stručni rad dignut je na višu razinu. No tek je osnivanjem Duhanskog instituta u Mostaru počeo sustavni znanstvenoistraživački rad u duhanu i agraru Bosne i Hercegovine. Osnivanje Duhanskog instituta proisteklo je ponajprije iz potrebe za una- pređenjem duhanskog gospodarstva na području Bosne i Hercegovine, ali je njegovo djelovanje imalo višestruko značenje za duhansko gospodarstvo i poljoprivredu Bosne i Hercegovine. Bila je to prva znanstvenoistraživačka organizacija u poljoprivredi Hercegovine. Rad Instituta i projekti koje je izvo- dio našli su primjenu ne samo u duhanskom gospodarstvu, već i u ostalim granama poljoprivrede. Institut je na stanovit način bio i rasadnik stručnih i znanstvenih kadrova, jer su stručnjaci ponikli u Duhanskom institutu bili angažirani u visokoobrazovnim institucijama, gospodarstvu izvan duhanske djelatnosti, u državnim i društvenim organizacijama. Odmah nakon osnivanja Duhanskog instituta njegova stručna služba poče- la je rad na ispunjavanju misije radi koje je Institut osnovan. To je podrazumi- jevalo povećanje prinosa, poboljšanje kvalitete i produktivnosti u proizvodnji i obradi duhana. Osim toga, koliko su im to mogućnosti dopuštale, angažirale su se i drugim djelatnostima agrarnog gospodarstva, poput zaštite bilja, istra- živanja zemljišta, agrotehničkih zahvata, kemijskim analizama, ekonomskim istraživanjima. U svim spomenutim djelatnostima Institut je dao određeni do- prinos,
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