Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION
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From Grasping to Emptiness – Excursions Into the Thought-World of the Pāli Discourses (2)
From Grasping to Emptiness – Excursions into the Thought-world of the Pāli Discourses (2) Anālayo © 2010 Anālayo Published by The Buddhist Association of the United States 2020 Route 301, Carmel, New York 10512 Printed in Taiwan Cover design by Laurent Dhaussy ISBN 978-0-615-25529-3 Introduction 3 1. Grasping / Upādāna 5 1.1 Grasping at Sensual Pleasures 5 1.2 Grasping at Views 7 1.3 Grasping at Rules and Observances 9 1.4 Grasping at a Doctrine of Self 10 1.5 The Five Aggregates [Affected by] Clinging 13 1.6 Grasping and Nibbāna 15 1.7 Freedom from Grasping 16 2. Personality View / Sakkāyadihi 19 2.1 Manifestations of Personality View 19 2.2 Removal of Personality View 24 3. Right View / Sammādihi 27 3.1 Wrong View 27 3.2 Right View and Investigation 29 3.3 Right View as the Forerunner of the Path 31 3.4 Arrival at Right View 33 3.5 Right View and the Four Noble Truths 34 4. Volitional Formations / Sakhārā 39 4.1 Sakhāras as an Aggregate 40 4.2 Sakhāras as a Link in Dependent Arising 44 4.3 Sakhāras in General 48 5. Thought / Vitakka 55 5.1 The Ethical Perspective on Thought 56 5.2 The Arising of Thought 57 5.3 The Vitakkasahāna-sutta 60 5.4 Vitakka in Meditation 64 5.5 Thought Imagery 66 6. Wise Attention / Yoniso Manasikāra 69 6.1 Wise ( Yoniso ) 69 6.2 Attention ( Manasikāra ) 72 6.3 The Implications of Wise Attention 72 6.4 The Importance of Wise Attention 78 7. -
Vatthūpama Sutta
Majjhima Nikya 1 M 7 Vatthûpama Sutta Vatthûpama Sutta The Discourse on the Parable of the Cloth [We are purified internally by the mind] (Majjhima Nikya 7/1:36-40) Translated by Piya Tan ©2003 1 The Sutta and its title 1.1 THE SUTTA TITLE. The Vatthûpama Sutta (M 7) records the brahmin Sundarika Bhāra,dvāja’s meeting with the Buddha at Jeta,vana. This discourse has two main parts: in the first, the Buddha instructs on the nature of self-purity, and in the second, he addresses Sundarika Bhāra,dvāja on the latter’s view on external purification. Evidently, Sundarika is present (“sitting not far from the Blessed One”) throughout the whole discourse addressed to the monks, and when he questions the Buddha in the second half of the dis- course, the Buddha answers him. The second half of the Vatthûpama Suitta is about the Buddha’s teaching Sundarika Bhāra,dvāja and his awakening as an arhat. Sundarika presents us with an identity problem because the Sutta Nipāta, too, has a description of his awakening as an arhat, that is, in the (Pūraḷāsa) Sundarika Bhāra,dvāja Sutta (Sn 3.4/- 79 f, 86).1 It is likely, however, that the two discourses are about two different Bhāra,dvājas, so that their accounts are separately recorded by the Khuddaka Reciters (or those who compiled the Sutta Nipāta) and by the Majjhima Reciters. It is possible that the “Sundarika Bhāradvāja” of the Vatthûpama Sutta—we shall call him Sundarika I —is a different person from his namesake, Sundarika II of the Sutta Nipāta. -
Buddhist Pilgrimage
Published for free distribution Buddhist Pilgrimage ew Edition 2009 Chan Khoon San ii Sabbadanam dhammadanam jinati. The Gift of Dhamma excels all gifts. The printing of this book for free distribution is sponsored by the generous donations of Dhamma friends and supporters, whose names appear in the donation list at the end of this book. ISB: 983-40876-0-8 © Copyright 2001 Chan Khoon San First Printing, 2002 – 2000 copies Second Printing 2005 – 2000 copies New Edition 2009 − 7200 copies All commercial rights reserved. Any reproduction in whole or part, in any form, for sale, profit or material gain is strictly prohibited. However, permission to print this book, in its entirety , for free distribution as a gift of Dhamma , is allowed after prior notification to the author. ew Cover Design Inset photo shows the famous Reclining Buddha image at Kusinara. Its unique facial expression evokes the bliss of peace ( santisukha ) of the final liberation as the Buddha passes into Mahaparinibbana. Set in the background is the Great Stupa of Sanchi located near Bhopal, an important Buddhist shrine where relics of the Chief Disciples and the Arahants of the Third Buddhist Council were discovered. Printed in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia by: Majujaya Indah Sdn. Bhd., 68, Jalan 14E, Ampang New Village, 68000 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Tel: 03-42916001, 42916002, Fax: 03-42922053 iii DEDICATIO This book is dedicated to the spiritual advisors who accompanied the pilgrimage groups to India from 1991 to 2008. Their guidance and patience, in helping to create a better understanding and appreciation of the significance of the pilgrimage in Buddhism, have made those journeys of faith more meaningful and beneficial to all the pilgrims concerned. -
“Siam's Borān Buddhism” from the Reign of Rāmā I (1782-1809 CE.)
The Dhammakāyānussati-kathā: A Trace of “Siam's Borān Buddhism” from the Reign of Rāmā I (1782-1809 CE.) Woramat Malasart A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Arts Of the University of Otago, Dunedin New Zealand June 4, 2019 Abstract The Dhammakāya text genre appears in manuscripts, inscriptions, and printed texts found in Central Thailand, Northern Thailand, and Cambodia. Texts belonging to this genre share the same core Pāli verses, and date back to the Ayutthaya period. In this thesis, I transliterate, translate, contextualise and analyse the Dhammakāyānussati-kathā, “Words on the Recollec- tion of the Body of Dhammas,” which was part of the Suat Mon Plae, a collection of Bud- dhist chanting rituals compiled during the 1st reign (1782-1809), using a historical-critical approach to the text. The Dhammakāyānussati-kathā consists of verses composed in Pāli fol- lowed by the Thai translation, using a traditional method called yok sab. The first three parts of the Dhammakāyānussati-kathā share the core Pāli verses of the Dhammakāya text genre, but the final section, which praises the Buddha‟s physical body, is different. The Pāli vers- es describe the Buddha‟s auspicious marks including radiance, hair, height, etc., verses that are also found in the Golden Manuscript Braḥ Dhammakāya, a text that can be dated to the 1st reign. Today, the Dhammakāyānussati-kathā is not well-known in Central Thailand, but its similar texts are still used in Northern Thailand and Cambodia during buddhābhiṣeka and the ritual of installing the Buddha‟s heart into a Buddha statute and chedī. -
HREL 44402: Mahāyāna Sūtra Literature Autumn Quarter 2006
HREL 44402: Mahāyāna Sūtra Literature Autumn Quarter 2006 Christian K. Wedemeyer Wednesday 15:00-17:50 Swift 310B Swift Hall 403 Office Hours M/Tu 9:30–10:30 [email protected] Course description: In the early centuries of the Common Era (ca. 100 BCE–700 CE), the Buddhist traditions saw a tremendous surge in scriptural production and a new focus on textuality. Much of this new literature centered around the notion that one might aspire to the position of a cosmic world-teacher (buddha), rather than “merely” an enlightened saint. Gradually, as this new orientation spawned novel forms of religious thought and praxis, a self-conscious movement began to take shape, which eventually came to be known as the Mahāyāna or “Universal Vehicle.” In this course, we will explore the development of these traditions through close reading of several of its major scriptures (sūtra-s). PQ:. HREL 35100/SALC 48306 or other background in Indian Buddhism preferred. Course requirements: 1) Close, careful reading of the assigned works, 2) Regular attendance and attentive and/or active participation, 3) A presentation on one of the sūtras (or clusters of sūtras) assigned, 4) Either one final paper (20–25pp) or two shorter papers (10–15pp). SCHEDULE OF CLASS MEETINGS: Week One (27 September 2006): Introduction/Orientation Week Two (4 October 2006): State of the Art and Methods of Analysis Readings: Skilling, “Mahāyāna and Bodhisattva: An Essay Towards Historical Understanding" Schopen, “Mahāyāna in Indian Inscriptions” Nattier, A Few Good Men, pp. 3–197 Recommended: Gombrich, “Organized Bodhisattvas” Silk, “What, if Anything, is Mahāyāna Buddhism?” Week Three (11 October 2006): Enquiry of Ugra (Ugraparipṛcchā) Readings: Nattier, A Few Good Men, pp. -
The Mission Accomplished
TheThe MissionMission AccomplishedAccomplished Ven. Pategama Gnanarama Ph.D. HAN DD ET U 'S B B O RY eOK LIBRA E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.buddhanet.net Buddha Dharma Education Association Inc. The Mission Accomplished A historical analysis of the Mahaparinibbana Sutta of the Digha Nikaya of the Pali Canon. by Ven. Pategama Gnanarama Ph. D. The Mission Accomplished is undoubtedly an eye opening contribution to Bud- dhist analytical Pali studies. In this analytical and critical work Ven. Dr. Pate- gama Gnanarama enlightens us in many areas of subjects hitherto unexplored by scholars. His views on the beginnings of the Bhikkhuni Order are interesting and refreshing. They might even be provocative to traditional readers, yet be challenging to the feminists to adopt a most positive attitude to the problem. Prof. Chandima Wijebandara University of Sri Jayawardhanapura Sri Lanka. A masterly treatment of a cluster of Buddhist themes in print Senarat Wijayasundara Buddhist and Pali College Singapore Published by Ti-Sarana Buddhist Association 90, Duku Road. Singapore 429254 Tel: 345 6741 First published in Singapore, 1997 Published by Ti-Sarana Buddhist Association ISBN: 981–00–9087–0 © Pategama Gnanarama 1997 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval systems or technologies now known or later developed, without per- mission in writing from the publisher. Cover: Mahaparinibbana; an ancient stone carving from Gandhara — Loriyan Tangai. Photograph reproduced by Mr K. C. Wong. Contents Introductory . 8 Chapter 1: The Mahaparinibbana Sutta & its Different Versions . -
Pali Glossary for Bhikkhus Bodhi and Sujato - Reading Guides - Discuss & Discover
6/5/2019 Pali glossary for Bhikkhus Bodhi and Sujato - Reading Guides - Discuss & Discover SC Pali glossary for Bhikkhus Bodhi and Sujato ebt-translation sujato Feb 6 This list is based on a file prepared by John Kelly for Ven Bodhi’s translations. The terms listed here are not exhaustive, nor are they 100% consistent. The glossary is used as a starting point to create a consistent translation, but a readable idiomatic rendering in context in always preferred. Pāli Bodhi: AN Translation Sujato akālika immediate immediately effective akiñcana — akiriyavāda doctrine of inactivity [doctrine of] inaction akuppa unshakable unshakable akusala unwholesome, unskilled unskillful akkosati to abuse to abuse agha (1) misery; (2) vacant [AN 4.127] (1) misery; (2) desolation aṅga factor factor aṅgaṇa blemish blemish acela, acelaka naked ascetic naked ascetic accāyika urgent urgent accaya transgression mistake accharāsaṅghātamattam the time of a finger-snap as long as a finger snap ajalo intelligent bright ajjava rectitude integrity ajjhattaṃ internal, internally internal, internally ajjhattika internal interior ajjhācarati to transgress (1) secured; (2) held to; (3) ajjhūpagata taken hold of [AN 10.93] entered ajjhosāna attachment attachment ajjhosāya being attached to [keep] clinging añjali reverential salutation joined palms añña final knowledge enlightenment belonging to other sects (wanderers outside the Buddhist aññatitthiya followers of other paths fold) aññathābhāva alteration perishing aññathābhāvī — perishing aññadatthu universal seer universal seer https://discourse.suttacentral.net/t/pali-glossary-for-bhikkhus-bodhi-and-sujato/12008/10 1/33 6/5/2019 Pali glossary for Bhikkhus Bodhi and Sujato - Reading Guides - Discuss & Discover aññāna — not knowing aṭṭhāna — impossibility arrogance, superiority atimāna arrogance complex atīta past (time) past attakilamatha — self-mortification attaniya belonging to self belonging to self attabhāva individuality, body life-form, reincarnation attamana elated, pleased [AN 4.242] Satisfied, etc. -
BURYING the BUDDHA: STŪPAS and BODILY IMAGERY in the SENIOR COLLECTION of GANDHĀRAN MANUSCRIPTS MICHAEL DAVID-JAMES BUTCHER UNIVERSITY of WASHINGTON [email protected]
BURYING THE BUDDHA: STŪPAS AND BODILY IMAGERY IN THE SENIOR COLLECTION OF GANDHĀRAN MANUSCRIPTS MICHAEL DAVID-JAMES BUTCHER UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON [email protected] n the 1990’s an ancient pot was discovered in likewise bears a similar inscription with a key I “an underground chamber” in eastern addition: “Year 12, month Avadu[naka], after 5 Afghanistan, near the town Haḍḍa.1 Inside the days, (*established?) by Rohaṇa, son of pot were twenty-five scrolls made of birch bark, Mas̱ umatra, in the stūpa, in honor of all all written in the same handwriting in the beings.”4 Kharoṣṭhī script and Gāndhārī language, a We learn several things of note from northwestern kind of Prakrit related to Sanskrit. these. Firstly there is the date, “Year 12, month Aside from the scrolls, we also have the pot that Avaduṇaka” which scholars have dated to they were stored in for nearly two thousand roughly 140 C.E.5 This makes the collection years, a lucky find that gives us a clue about contemporary with another assortment of what brought these texts to lie hidden for so Gāndhārī scrolls held in the British Library. long. Two inscriptions, one on the pot itself and Secondly it tells us that the collection was a another on the lid, provide much-needed data.2 donation carried out by a figure named Rohaṇa Richard Salomon’s translation of that on the pot to give merit to his parents and all beings. reads, “In the year [twelve], in the month of Lastly is the partially obscured but securely Avadunaka after (*five) days; at this time [this] read locative form of stūpa [Gāndhārī thubami] was established in honor of [his] father and on the lid of the pot, which tells us that the texts mother, in honor of all beings; [donation] of and pot served as contents of a burial mound. -
Chapter II DEFINITION of the TERM SATI and SAMMĀSATI
Chapter II DEFINITION OF THE TERM SATI AND SAMMĀSATI The word “Sati” has been used in Buddhist psychology in the sense of “mindfulness" for over 2500 years. Sati is the most important for cultivation of mind, and Vipassanā (insight meditation). There are different ways to explain the term Sati, it may be so useful to take a fresh look at mindfulness to clarify its meaning. The approach in this chapter is to seek the nature of mindfulness by studying the Suttas in which the Buddha and his students have used the term. In these Suttas we find a number of themes associated with mindfulness. It consists of the concept of the word Sati and also of the word Sammāsati, which is used to give the sense of correct (right) mindfulness. The definition and the meaning of Sati and Sammāsati, the types of the Sammāsati and different functions of Sati are also discussed in this chapter. Now we should go in detail in order to understand the Term Sammāsati clearly. II.1. Concept of Sati (mindfulness) The psychological concept of mindfulness involves the non- judgmental acceptance of thoughts, feelings and body sensations. 16 Mindfulness and a practicing of mindfulness can also decrease negative thoughts that intrude upon a leader‟s mind.8 The research has shown that Sati (mindfulness) leads to a better quality of life through feeling better and having less emotional distress. Sati plays a central role in the teachings of Buddhist meditation where it is affirmed that "correct" or "right" mindfulness is the critical factor in the path to liberation and subsequent enlightenment. -
The Ekottarika-Āgama Parallel to the Saccavibhaṅga-Sutta and the Four (Noble) Truths
Buddhist Studies Review 23(2) 2006, 145–53 ISSN (print): 0256-2897 doi: 10.1558/bsrv.2006.23.2.145 ISSN (online): 1747-9681 The Ekottarika-āgama Parallel to the Saccavibhaṅga-sutta and the Four (Noble) Truths Anālayo Department of Indology and Tibetology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany ABSTRACT: The present article off ers a translation of the Ekottarika-āgama parallel to the Saccavibhaṅga-sutta, followed by a discussion of a signifi cant diff erence to be found between the Pāli and the Ekottarika-āgama versions of this discourse. This dif- ference supports the suggestion that at an earlier time references to the four noble truths in this and other discourses may have been without the qualifi cation ‘noble’. INTRODUCTION The Saccavibhaṅga-sutta of the Majjhima-nikāya1 treats a subject that lies at the very heart of early Buddhist philosophy and practice: the four noble truths. The Pāli version of this discourse has altogether three Chinese counterparts. One of these three Chinese parallels is found in the Madhyama-āgama collection trans- lated under the leadership of Gautama Saṅghadeva.2 Another parallel is attributed to An Shi-gao (安世高), whose opus belongs to the earliest stages of translation activity in China.3 The third Chinese parallel to the Saccavibhaṅga-sutta occurs in the Ekottarika- āgama,4 a discourse collection probably translated by Zhu Fo-nian (竺佛念), based on a text recited from memory by Dharmanandī. The identity of the translator of this collection is uncertain, since it is not entirely clear if the translation now extant in Chinese has only been revised by Gautama Saṅghadeva, or whether it is an actual retranslation undertaken by him, a retranslation that then replaced the earlier translation by Dharmanandī and Zhu Fo-nian.5 1. -
The Buddha Discovered Dhyana
SD 33.1b The Buddha Discovered Dhyana The Buddha Discovered Dhyana 1b The nature of dhyana as a basis for liberation An essay1 by Piya Tan ©2010 1 Significance of dhyana Dhyana (P jhāna; Skt dhyāna) is as old as Buddhism itself, probably older. In early Buddhism, how- ever, it developed into a progressive four-stage suprasensory experience of altered consciousness, and has become uniquely Buddhist.2 The importance of dhyana in early Buddhism is attested by the fact that we have numerous discourses where the Buddha describes his experiences of them.3 In such discourses, the Buddha frequently admonishes his disciples to attain dhyana. In the suttas, we also see the word jhna used in both its two basic Buddhist senses: the general sense of “meditation,” and as “dhyana” or “mental absorption,” such as in this discourse: If a monk cultivates the first dhyana (jhāna) for even the duration of a mere finger-snap, then, bhikshus, he is called a monk who dwells as one whose meditation is not in vain (aritta-j,jhāna): a doer of the Teacher’s teaching, a follower of his advice. He does not eat the country’s alms in vain [for nothing].4 (Eka,dhamma Acchar,saghata Sutta, A 1.20/1:38) The well known meditation monk, Ajahn Brahmavaso, opens his insightful experiential paper on “The Jhnas” (2003) with this important declaration: In the original Buddhist scriptures, there is only one word for any level of meditation. Jhna designates meditation proper, where the meditator’s mind is stilled from all thought, secluded from all five-sense activity and is radiant with other-worldly bliss. -
Great Disciples of the Buddha GREAT DISCIPLES of the BUDDHA THEIR LIVES, THEIR WORKS, THEIR LEGACY
Great Disciples of the Buddha GREAT DISCIPLES OF THE BUDDHA THEIR LIVES, THEIR WORKS, THEIR LEGACY Nyanaponika Thera and Hellmuth Hecker Edited with an Introduction by Bhikkhu Bodhi Wisdom Publications 199 Elm Street Somerville, Massachusetts 02144 USA www.wisdompubs.org © Buddhist Publication Society 2003 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system or technologies now known or later developed, without permission in writing from the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Nyanaponika, Thera, 1901- Great disciples of the Buddha : their lives, their works, their legacy / Nyanaponika Thera and Hellmuth Hecker ; edited with an introduction by Bhikkhu Bodhi. p. cm. “In collaboration with the Buddhist Publication Society of Kandy, Sri Lanka.” Originally published: Boston, Wisdom Publications, c1997. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-86171-381-8 (alk. paper) 1. Gautama Buddha—Disciples—Biography. I. Hecker, Hellmuth. II. Bodhi, Bhikkhu. III. Title. BQ900.N93 2003 294.3’092’2—dc21 2003011831 07 06 5 4 3 2 Cover design by Gopa&Ted2, Inc. and TL Interior design by: L.J.SAWLit & Stephanie Shaiman Wisdom Publications’ books are printed on acid-free paper and meet the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources. Printed in the United States of America This book was produced with environmental mindfulness. We have elected to print this title on 50% PCW recycled paper. As a result, we have saved the following resources: 30 trees, 21 million BTUs of energy, 2,674 lbs.