DOCSLIB.ORG

Stud Y Guide

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Stud Y Guide INTRODUCTION N SEPTEMBER 30TH, 1965, an unsuccessful Ocoup d’état triggered a series of events that have decided the course of Indonesia’s history to this very day. The leadership of President Sukarno, the man who led Indonesia to independence in NICK WILSON h 1949, was undermined, and the ascendancy of his successor, Suharto, was established. The orientation of this new nation, an amalgamation of peoples of dis- parate religions and languages living across a huge archipelago, was to change from fragile de- mocracy and neutral alignment (dependent upon balancing the GUIDE competing infl uences of Com- munism, Western colonialism, and a power-hungry army) to a military dictatorship aligned with the West. STUDY ISSUE 29 AUSTRALIAN SCREEN EDUCATION ABOVE: RICE FARMERS, CENTRAL JAVA 1 THE FAILED COUP TRIGGERED a or since, but now a full and frank ac- were part of a broader response to terror campaign, led by General Su- count of the slaughter of hundreds of events in South-East Asia. The Viet- harto. This culminated in the deposing thousands of people can be given. The nam War was escalating in 1965, and of Sukarno and the establishment of fi lm even explains some of the reasons the anti-Communist West decided Suharto’s New Order in 1966. At least for the West’s silence. that President Sukarno’s power de- fi ve hundred thousand people and pended upon Communist sup- perhaps as many as one million port. His removal from power and were killed during this period in replacement with an acceptable, purges organized by the military anti-Communist leader became a in conjunction with civilian militias. policy imperative. Many of these people were killed for their suspected involvement in the SYNOPSIS Communist PKI party. This would sound familiar to any secondary The narrator of Shadow Play pro- student who might have followed vides a concise description of these the story of East Timor and its events, times and places for viewers struggle to attain independence unfamiliar with Indonesian history. from Indonesia. Interviews with journalists who cov- Archival footage and interviews with ered the story reveal the secret war of signifi cant players construct a useful Shadow Play is a response to the re- propaganda and media manipulation chronology and a clear explanation of cent democratic impulse and freedoms waged by the Indonesian army and the major incidents. that have emerged within Indonesia actively aided by the governments of after more than three decades of the United States, Britain and Australia. To this end, the documentary summa- Suharto’s rule. Finally, Indonesians These offi cial policies of subterfuge rises Sukarno’s background, his rise can begin to confront their hidden to power and presidency. Indonesia’s history. The massacres received very colonial past, its demography and its little publicity in the West at the time external infl uences are spelt out, giving AUSTRALIAN SCREEN EDUCATION ISSUE 29 2 CLOCKWISE FROM TOP LEFT: REMAINS OF MURDER VICTIM, IBNOE SANTORO; BARBED WIRE SURROUNDS EX-DETENTION CENTRE, CENTRAL JAVA; COFFINS BURNT AFTER FAMILIES ARE PREVENTED FROM REBURYING BONES EXHUMED FROM MASS GRAVE; NEWLY ERECTED GRAVE STONE FOR IBNOE SANTORO AS HE IS FINALLY GIVEN THE DIGNITY OF A PROPER BURIAL; JOHN HUGHES CORRESPONDENT, CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR AND AUTHOR OF PULLITZER PRIZE WINNING “INDONESIAN UPHEAV- AL”; PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER WRITER / POLITICAL PRISONER 1965-76; PROFESSOR ARIF BUDIANTO FORENSIC PATHOLOGIST which resulted in the murders of six Army generals, was ultimately ineffec- a background onto which the events of tive and ill-conceived. The aims of the Suharto’s propaganda fi lms, by graphi- September 30th are projected. Archival conspirators are not made clear. The cally portraying these untruths, perpe- footage of Sukarno in the U.S.A, China Communist allegiance of the conspira- trated a myth about the Communist PKI and Russia, for example, is used to tors is only hinted at. This is one area in that permeated the larger Indonesian show the infl uence that Cold War poli- the documentary that remains vague, society. Peasant militias organized by tics had on Sukarno as he attempted to perhaps intentionally so. the Army began killing and imprison- maintain his nation’s neutrality. ing anyone associated or implicated Extensive use is made of two propa- with the PKI. Other forms of domestic The narration then moves its focus to ganda fi lms shot for Suharto after he propaganda included controlling the an examination of the major political had taken power in 1966 (following his local media and creating a newspaper elements competing for power during own successful coup). In these fi lms, that disseminated grotesque stories of Sukarno’s leadership, namely the PKI Suharto seeks to ‘legitimize’ the mass Communist degeneracy. The effect of and the Army. The motivations and this misinformation was to encour- actions of each are shown in relation age murderous reprisals and to to the machinations of the super- engender a prejudice against the powers. The effect of this structure PKI that still endures. is to sharpen the important back- ground knowledge, allowing the The extent of the international me- uninitiated viewer to understand the dia’s complicity with the Western coup and why the consequences of nations’ foreign policy is laid bare. its failure were so dramatic. Journalists who fi led comprehensive stories detailing the killings and the Having set the scene, the horrible actions of Suharto’s regime were ei- events of the night of September ther ignored completely or edited 30th are related. Indonesian wit- so that their intended stories were nesses, foreign diplomats and rendered acceptable to govern- journalists give their accounts of ments concerned with supporting that night and what followed. The killings he had authorized after the Suharto’s anti-Communist stance. narration links these stories and fi lls September 30th coup, portraying the in details, giving the impression of conspirators as Communists who tor- Shadow Play tells of the major partici- an ambitious attempt by junior Army tured and mutilated the generals before pants in the story and what motivated offi cers to seize power, but the coup, killing them. In fact, this did not occur. them; it places Indonesia within an ISSUE 29 AUSTRALIAN SCREEN EDUCATION 3 CLOCKWISE FROM TOP LEFT: ALAN RENOUF SECRETARY, AUSTRALIAN DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS 1974-77; ARISTIDES KATTOPPO JOURNALIST & PUBLISHER; BRIGADIER GENERAL KEMAL IDRIS INDONESIAN SPECIAL FORCES; DR SUMIYARSI PO- LITICAL PRISONER, 1968-71; RICE FIELDS, CENTRAL JAVA international context; and the events Carmel Budiardjo had been working to England, where she lobbied to have leading up to and following the coup as a translator and researcher at the her Indonesian husband freed from are explained in an objective way. But Indonesian Department of Foreign Af- detention. Her campaign broadened the documentary also switches from fairs in 1965. Following the coup, she to include all types of human rights a broad historical background of the was dishonourably dismissed from abuses in Indonesia, including East coup to the stories of three individu- Timor. The documentary follows als swept up by events over which her journey back to the land she had they had no control. This change of been exiled from for thirty years. (Her focus from the macro historical pic- memoir is included in the resources ture to the personal and intimate is list at the end of this guide.) very effective in bringing the events and emotions of the period to life The third story follows Dr Sumiyarsi, for the viewer. who was working as a paediatrician in Jakarta when she was accused of Ibnoe Santoro’s story is related by writing false doctors’ certifi cates for his brother, Joyo. Ibnoe had studied PKI members. Her house was burnt economics in the U.S.A, returning to down and she fl ed with her husband. Indonesia to work. As an academic, he government service. In 1968, she was After two years on the run, she was was suspected of having Communist arrested and detained in military deten- caught and imprisoned without trial for sympathies. He was imprisoned, tor- tion centres for four years, and then eleven years. tured and fi nally executed by the Army exiled from Indonesia. She relocated in March of 1966. Joyo wants to re- Each character’s story is engaging, claim his brother’s remains and re-bury illuminating aspects of the broader him according to Muslim custom. historical events in interesting and AUSTRALIAN SCREEN EDUCATION ISSUE 29 4 CLOCKWISE FROM TOP LEFT: OLD HATREDS FLARE AFTER FAMILY EXHUMES BODY AND A MUSLIM MOB BLOCKADES THE HOUSE IN PROTEST; EDWARD MASTERS FORMER US AMBASSADOR TO INDONESIA; KEN WELLS HEAD OF STATION, AUSTRALIAN SECURITY INTELLIGENCE SERVICE, JAKARTA, 1965-68; CARMEL BUDIARDJO, AND ENGLISH WOMAN WHO WAS A POLITICAL PRISONER FROM 1968 TO 1971’; ABDURRAHMAN WAHID INDONESIAN PRESIDENT, 1999-2001; poignant ways. Their fi rst-hand ac- DISCUSSION TOPICS counts augment the narrator’s broad commentary, giving these enormous and the subject matter requires close EAST TIMOR historical events a personal dimension. attention. In particular, the disinterment of Ibnoe • Indonesia annexed (that is, invaded Santoro’s remains and the eloquent Shadow Play would be an appropriate and took control of) East Timor in words of his brother force the viewer to text for use in the following study 1975. Before this, East Timor was consider the consequences of Suhar- areas: Year 10 Studies of Society and a Portuguese colony that had only to’s murderous policy towards the PKI. Environment; upper secondary Politics just begun a process of transition This mass burial was one of thousands (looking at Australian Foreign Policy, towards independence (under an that took place at the time.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • General Nasution Brig.Jen Sarwo Edhie Let.Gen Kemal Idris Gen
    30 General Nasution Brig.Jen Sarwo Edhie Let.Gen Kemal Idris Gen Simatupang Lt Gen Mokoginta Brig Jen Sukendro Let.Gen Mokoginta Ruslan Abdulgani Mhd Roem Hairi Hadi, Laksamana Poegoeh, Agus Sudono Harry Tjan Hardi SH Letjen Djatikusumo Maj.Gen Sutjipto KH Musto'in Ramly Maj Gen Muskita Maj Gen Alamsyah Let Gen Sarbini TD Hafas Sajuti Melik Haji Princen Hugeng Imam Santoso Hairi Hadi, Laksamana Poegoeh Subchan Liem Bian Kie Suripto Mhd Roem Maj.Gen Wijono Yassien Ron Hatley 30 General Nasution (24-7-73) Nasution (N) first suggested a return to the 1945 constitution in 1955 during the Pemilu. When Subandrio went to China in 1965, Nasution suggested that if China really wanted to help Indonesia, she should cut off supplies to Hongkong. According to Nasution, BK was serious about Maphilindo but Aidit convinced him that he was a world leader, not just a regional leader. In 1960 BK became head of Peperti which made him very influential in the AD with authority over the regional commanders. In 1962 N was replaced by Yani. According to the original concept, N would become Menteri Hankam/Panglima ABRI. However Omar Dhani wrote a letter to BK (probably proposed by Subandrio or BK himself). Sukarno (chief of police) supported Omar Dhani secara besar). Only Martadinata defended to original plan while Yani was 'plin-plan'. Meanwhile Nasution had proposed Gatot Subroto as the new Kasad but BK rejected this because he felt that he could not menguasai Gatot. Nas then proposed the two Let.Gens. - Djatikusuma and Hidayat but they were rejected by BK.
    [Show full text]
  • Indo 10 0 1107123622 195
    194 Note: In addition to the positions shown on the chart, thepe are a number of other important agencies which are directly responsible to the Commander of the Armed Forces and his Deputy. These include the following: Strategic Intelligence Center, Institute of National Defense, Institute of Joint Staff and Command Education/Military Staff and Command College, Military Academy, Military Industries, Military Police, Military Prosecutor-General, Center of People’s Resistance and Security, and Information Center. CURRENT DATA ON THE INDONESIAN MILITARY ELITE AFTER THE REORGANIZATION OF 1969-1970 (Prepared by the Editors) Periodically in the past, the editors of Indonesia have prepared lists of the officers holding key positions in the Indonesian army to keep readers abreast of developments. (See the issues of April 1967, October 1967, and April 1969). Until very recently, the important changes meredy involved individual officers. But on Armed Forces Day, October 5, 1969, General Suharto announced a major structural reorganization of the military hierarchy, and these changes were put into effect between November 1969 and April 1970. According to the military authorities, MThe concept of reorganization, which is aimed at integrating the armed forces, arose in 1966 after the communist coup attempt of 1965. The idea was based on the view that developing countries suffer from political instability due to con­ flict between competing groups."1 On October 6, the then Chief of Staff of the Department of Defense and Security, Lt. Gen. Sumitro, said that the integration of the armed forces "will prevent the occurrence of situations like those in Latin America where the seizure of power is always accompanied by activities on the part of one of the armed forces or individuals from the armed forces."2 The main thrust of the reorganization (for details of which see the footnotes) is in the direction of greatly increased centraliza­ tion of control within the Department of Defense and Security.
    [Show full text]
  • Students Shot Dead on Black Friday
    Tapol bulletin no, 149/150, December 1998 This is the Published version of the following publication UNSPECIFIED (1998) Tapol bulletin no, 149/150, December 1998. Tapol bulletin (149). pp. 1-32. ISSN 1356-1154 The publisher’s official version can be found at Note that access to this version may require subscription. Downloaded from VU Research Repository https://vuir.vu.edu.au/25991/ ISSN 1356-1154 The Indonesia Human Rights Campaign TAPOL Bulletin No. 149/150 December 1998 Students shot dead on Black Friday Calls for ABRI to get out ofpolitics and for Suharto to be put on trial reverberated on the streets of Jakarta for a whole week as tens of thousands of students and hundreds of thousands of citizens protested against the Supreme Consultative Assembly (MPR) special session. On Black Friday, 13 November, eight students were slain as troops opened fire on peaceful demonstrators, almost six months to the day after student demonstrators forced the dictator, Suharto, to step down. The mass campaign against the MPR's special session sticks and unarmed students who resorted to throwing began on 28 October, when tens of thousands of students stones. Throughout the week, armoured vehicles and water demonstrated peacefully in Jakarta, protesting against the cannon supplied to the Indonesian armed forces by British meeting scheduled for 10-13 November and denouncing companies, were used to quell the protesters. the dwifungsi which gives ABRI, the armed forces unre­ In addition to the troops, the armed forces had hired stricted powers in all the affairs of state. gangs of men to join a vigilante brigade called PAM The demonstrations that began on 10 November grew Swakarsa armed with sharpened bamboo sticks (bambu in size as the week progressed.
    [Show full text]
  • Kisah Tiga Jenderal Dalam Pusaran Peristiwa 11-Maret
    KISAH TIGA JENDERAL DALAM PUSARAN PERISTIWA 11‐MARET‐1966 Bagian (1) “Kenapa menghadap Soeharto lebih dulu dan bukan Soekarno ? “Saya pertama‐tama adalah seorang anggota TNI. Karena Men Pangad gugur, maka yang menjabat sebagai perwira paling senior tentu adalah Panglima Kostrad. Saya ikut standard operation procedure itu”, demikian alasan Jenderal M. Jusuf. Tapi terlepas dari itu, Jusuf memang dikenal sebagai seorang dengan ‘intuisi’ tajam. 2014 Dan tentunya, juga punya kemampuan yang tajam dalam analisa June dan pembacaan situasi, dan karenanya memiliki kemampuan 21 melakukan antisipasi yang akurat, sebagaimana yang telah dibuktikannya dalam berbagai pengalamannya. Kali ini, kembali ia Saturday, bertindak akurat”. saved: Last TIGA JENDERAL yang berperan dalam pusaran peristiwa lahirnya Surat Perintah 11 Maret Kb) 1966 –Super Semar– muncul dalam proses perubahan kekuasaan dari latar belakang situasi (89 yang khas dan dengan cara yang khas pula. Melalui celah peluang yang juga khas, dalam suatu wilayah yang abu‐abu. Mereka berasal dari latar belakang berbeda, jalan pikiran dan 1966.docx ‐ karakter yang berbeda pula. Jenderal yang pertama adalah Mayor Jenderal Basuki Rachmat, dari Divisi Brawijaya Jawa Timur dan menjadi panglimanya saat itu. Berikutnya, yang kedua, Maret ‐ 11 Brigadir Jenderal Muhammad Jusuf, dari Divisi Hasanuddin Sulawesi Selatan dan pernah menjadi Panglima Kodam daerah kelahirannya itu sebelum menjabat sebagai menteri Peristiwa Perindustrian Ringan. Terakhir, yang ketiga, Brigadir Jenderal Amirmahmud, kelahiran Jawa Barat dan ketika itu menjadi Panglima Kodam Jaya. Pusaran Mereka semua mempunyai posisi khusus, terkait dengan Soekarno, dan kerapkali Dalam digolongkan sebagai de beste zonen van Soekarno, karena kedekatan mereka dengan tokoh puncak kekuasaan itu. Dan adalah karena kedekatan itu, tak terlalu sulit bagi mereka untuk Jenderal bisa bertemu Soekarno di Istana Bogor pada tanggal 11 Maret 1966.
    [Show full text]
  • Power Politics and the Indonesian Military
    Downloaded by [University of Defence] at 20:05 09 May 2016 Power Politics and the Indonesian Military Throughout the post-war history of Indonesia, the military has played a key role in the politics of the country and in imposing unity on a fragmentary state. The collapse of the authoritarian New Order government of President Suharto weakened the state, and the armed forces briefly lost their grip on control of the archipelago. Under President Megawati, however, the military has again begun to assert itself, and to reimpose its heavy hand on control of the state, most notably in the fracturing outer provinces. This book, based on extensive original research, examines the role of the military in Indonesian politics. It looks at the role of the military histori- cally, examines the different ways in which it is involved in politics, and considers how the role of the military might develop in what is still an uncertain future. Damien Kingsbury is Head of Philosophical, International and Political Studies and Senior Lecturer in International Development at Deakin University, Victoria, Australia. He is the author or editor of several books, including The Politics of Indonesia (Second Edition, 2002), South-East Asia: A Political Profile (2001) and Indonesia: The Uncertain Transition (2001). His main area of work is in political development, in particular in assertions of self-determination. Downloaded by [University of Defence] at 20:05 09 May 2016 Downloaded by [University of Defence] at 20:05 09 May 2016 Power Politics and the Indonesian Military Damien Kingsbury Downloaded by [University of Defence] at 20:05 09 May 2016 First published 2003 by RoutledgeCurzon 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by RoutledgeCurzon 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 This edition published in the Taylor and Francis e-Library, 2005.
    [Show full text]
  • Jusuf Wanandi.Pub
    ISIS FOCUS • PP 5054/06/2011 (028668) • Issue No. 3 • March 2011 Conversations with Jusuf Wanandi ♦ Preamble ….. 1 ♦ The Activist from Tanah Abang ….. 2 ♦ Eyes and Ears ..… 9 ♦ A Parting of Ways ….. 13 INSTITUTE OF STRATEGIC AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES (ISIS) MALAYSIA www.isis.org.my Limited Circulation ISIS Malaysia’s core areas of research include: • Economics; • Foreign Policy and Security Studies; • Social Policy; and • Technology, Innovation, Environment and Sustainability. Its objectives are: • To undertake research in various and specific About ISIS fields and conduct long‐term analysis of public policies on national and international issues; The Institute of Strategic and International • To contribute towards efforts in promoting Studies (ISIS), Malaysia’s premier think‐tank general and professional discussions on was established on April 8, 1983. As an important national and international issues autonomous and non‐profit organisation, ISIS through the organization of seminars, is engaged in objective and independent policy conferences and other activities; research. It also fosters dialogue and debate • among the public sector, the private sector and To provide an avenue and a forum for academia. individuals, experts and intellectuals from various fields to exchange views and opinions ISIS has been at the forefront of some of the and to conduct research in a free and most significant nation‐building initiatives in conducive atmosphere; Malaysia’s history, such as contributing to the • To disseminate information on research Vision
    [Show full text]
  • Pertanggungjawaban Negara Atas Kasus-Kasus Pelanggaran Berat Hak Asasi Manusia Masa Orde Baru
    DISERTASI PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN NEGARA ATAS KASUS-KASUS PELANGGARAN BERAT HAK ASASI MANUSIA MASA ORDE BARU STATE RESPONSIBILITY OF GROSS VIOLATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS CASES DURING THE NEW ORDER AHMAD HAMBALI P04000312209 PROGRAM DOKTOR ILMU HUKUM FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN MAKASSAR 2017 ii KATA PENGANTAR Puji syukur penulis panjatkan ke hadirat Allah SWT, Tuhan Yang Maha Kuasa, karena atas limpahan rahmat dan karunia-Nya sehingga penulisan Disertasi ini sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Doktor Ilmu Hukum pada Fakultas Hukum Universitas Hasanuddin, dapat diselesaikan. Dalam kesempatan ini, penulis ingin mengucapkan terima kasih dan penghargaan yang sebesar-besarnya kepada para pihak yang turut membantu dalam penyusunan Disertasi ini. Ucapan terima kasih dan penghargaan setinggi-tingginya kepada Yang Terhormat dan Amat Terpelajar: 1. Ibu Prof. Dr. Alma Manuputty, S.H., M.H., selaku Promotor yang berkenan meluangkan waktunya untuk mengarahkan, membimbing, dan memberi masukan kepada penulis, baik dari aspek substansi, metodologi maupun bahasa, dalam penyelesaian penulisan Disertasi. 2. Bapak Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ashri, S.H., M.H., selaku Ko-Promotor yang di tengah-tengah kesibukannya berkenan meluangkan waktunya untuk mengarahkan, membimbing, dan memberi masukan, baik dari aspek substansi, metodologi maupun bahasa, dalam penyelesaian Disertasi. 3. Bapak Dr. Abdul Maasba Magassing, S.H., M.H., selaku Ko-Promotor yang berkenan meluangkan waktunya untuk mengarahkan, membimbing, dan memberi masukan, baik dari aspek substansi, metodologi maupun bahasa penulisan, dalam penyelesaian Disertasi. 4. Bapak Prof. Dr. Abdul Razak, S.H., M.H., Bapak Prof. Dr. Irwansyah, S.H., M.H., Bapak Prof. Dr. S. M. Noor, S.H., M.H, dan Ibu Prof. Dr. Marwati Riza, S.H., M.H., selaku tim penguji yang telah memberikan masukan, kritik, saran, serta penilaian terhadap Disertasi ini sehingga semakin menyempurnakan bobot dan kualitas Disertasi.
    [Show full text]
  • Paper Title (Use Style: Paper Title)
    Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 251 Annual Civic Education Conference (ACEC 2018) Pancasila Education Jargon for its Improvement New Order Government Umasih Umasih Nadiroh Nadiroh State University of Jakarta Department History Jakarta, Indonesia State University of Jakarta [email protected] Jakarta, Indonesia [email protected] Abstract—This study analyses how the beginning period of the authority of political needs in develop especially during the New Order performed its duties in liner with a vision of New Order government era (1966-1998) [1]. Although the development that upheld Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. In "Pancasila" Education subject has not been released in the his speech in 1969 before the member of Temporary People’s Indonesian education curriculum since 2003, but that is Consultative Assembly, Presiden Soeharto declared education necessary to develop awareness of "Pancasila" as a noble value development as one of major priority in Indonesia’s First Five- for students who will become future leaders of the nation. The Year Development Plan (Repelita I). However, after the study findings show that respondents agree by re-emphasizing representative of People’s Consultative Assembly elected in matters relating to: (1) the foundation and objectives of General Election 1971, it was declared that the objective of Pancasila Education; (2) Pancasila is in the historical context of national development was to shape a true Pancasilaist to change Indonesia's struggle; (3) Pancasila as a philosophical system; the deep influence of Manipol/Usdek doctrine. To meet this objective in education development, some innovation are made: (4) Pancasila as a political ethics; (5) Pancasila as a national curriculum of school pilot project (PPSP) and school pamong ideology; (6) Pancasila in the administration of the Republic of system.
    [Show full text]
  • A Note on Military Organization 1. Marc Lohnstein, Royal Netherlands East Indies Army 1936–42 (Oxford: Osprey, 2018), P
    Notes A Note on Military Organization 1. Marc Lohnstein, Royal Netherlands East Indies Army 1936–42 (Oxford: Osprey, 2018), p. 8. 2. J.J. Nortier, P. Kuijt and P.M.H. Groen, De Japanse aanval op Java, Maart 1942 (Amsterdam: De Bataafsche Leeuw, 1994), p. 305. 3. Lionel Wigmore, Australia in the War of 1939–1945, Series One, Army, Volume IV, The Japanese Thrust (Canberra: Australian War Memorial, 1957), p. 445. Preface 1. In his speech, Soeharto said he wanted to pass on the facts “as far as we know them” concerning the situation “which we have all been experiencing and witnessing together” in connection with the September 30th Movement. For an English-language translation of the speech, which ran to some 6,000 words, see “Speech by Major-General Suharto on October 15, 1965, to Central and Regional Leaders of the National Front”, in The Editors, “Selected Documents Relating to the September 30th Movement and Its Epilogue”, Indonesia, Vol. 1 (April 1966), Cornell Modern Indonesia Project, at pp. 160–78. On the National Front, see Harold Crouch, The Army and Politics in Indonesia, rev. ed. (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1988), p. 34. Sukarno had at one stage privately told the American ambassador he saw the National Front as a vehicle through which he could create a one-party state. The parties successfully opposed the idea, however, and the front became a propaganda agency for the government, increasingly influenced by Communists. Howard Palfrey Jones, Indonesia: The Possible Dream, 4th ed. (Singapore: Gunung Agung, 1980), p. 245. 2. Interviews, Professor K.P.H.
    [Show full text]
  • Pustaka-Indo.Blogspot.Com
    pustaka-indo.blogspot.com pustaka-indo.blogspot.com MIZAN PUSTAKA: KRONIK ZAMAN BARU adalah salah satu lini produk (product line) Penerbit Mizan yang menyajikan buku-buku bertema umum dan luas yang merekam informasi dan pe mikiran mu takhir serta penting bagi masyarakat Indonesia. pustaka-indo.blogspot.com pustaka-indo.blogspot.com DARI GESTAPU KE REFORMASI: SERANGKAIAN KESAKSIAN © Salim Said, 2013 Penyunting: Andityas Prabantoro Proofreader: Ine Uiyatiputri Hak cipta dilindungi undang-undang All rights reserved Diterbitkan oleh Penerbit Mizan PT Mizan Pustaka Anggota IKAPI Jln. Cinambo No. 135 (Cisaranten Wetan), Ujungberung, Bandung 40294 Telp. (022) 7834310 – Faks. (022) 7834311 e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mizan.com facebook: Penerbit Mizan twitter: @penerbitmizan Desainer sampul: Andreas Kusumahadi Fotografer sampul: Ganang Ariardi Penata aksara: Opik Lubis Digitalisasi: Tim Konversi Mizan Publishing House ISBN 978-979-433-816-2 Didistribusikan oleh Mizan Digital Publishing (MDP) Jln. T. B. Simatupang Kv. 20, Jakarta 12560 - Indonesia Phone: +62-21-78842005 — Fax.: +62-21-78842009 website: www.mizan.com e-mail: [email protected] twitter: @mizandotcom facebook: mizan digital publishing pustaka-indo.blogspot.com Buku ini saya persembahkan kepada almarhum Haji Said dan almarhumah Hajjah Salma, orangtuaku yang telah mempersiapkan saya menjadi apa adanya sekarang. Semoga kubur mereka dilapangkan, rahmat dan maghirah dilimpahkan, serta segala dosa mereka dihapuskan Allah Swt. pustaka-indo.blogspot.com Ucapan Terima Kasih Penulis mengucapkan terima kasih sebesar-besarnya kepada nama-nama berikut yang secara bersama-sama telah memberi- kan dukungan bagi penulisan dan peluncuran buku ini. Mereka adalah: 1. Jenderal TNI (Purn.) Luhut Binsar Panjaitan 2. Ir. Haji Isran Noor (Bupati Kutai Timur) 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Reproduced from Young Soeharto
    The ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute (formerly Institute of Southeast Asian Studies) is an autonomous organization established in 1968. It is a regional centre dedicated to the study of socio-political, security, and economic trends and developments in Southeast Asia and its wider geostrategic and economic environment. The Institute’s research programmes are grouped under Regional Economic Studies (RES), Regional Strategic and Political Studies (RSPS), and Regional Social and Cultural Studies (RSCS). The Institute is also home to the ASEAN Studies Centre (ASC), the Singapore APEC Study Centre and the Temasek History Research Centre (THRC). ISEAS Publishing, an established academic press, has issued more than 2,000 books and journals. It is the largest scholarly publisher of research about Southeast Asia from within the region. ISEAS Publishing works with many other academic and trade publishers and distributors to disseminate important research and analyses from and about Southeast Asia to the rest of the world. 20-J06729 00 Young Soeharto ppi-xliv.indd 2 13/4/21 8:23 AM “For if we are to understand changes in human history, human philosophy, we must always remember the importance of single generations. One generation of men may be bound together by common experiences from which its fathers and sons are exempt; and if those experiences have been signal, terrible, inspiring, they will give to that generation a character distinctive to itself, incommunicable to other men. How can we who lived through the 1930s, whose minds and attitudes were formed by the terrible events of those days, understand or be understood by men to whom those events are mere history, reduced to the anodyne prose of textbooks? Of course not every generation has common experiences sufficient to mark it out in this way; the experiences, if they are to have this effect, must be powerful, formidable, inspiring.
    [Show full text]
  • SOEHARTO and the David Jenkins1
    SOEHARTO AND THE J a p a n e s e O c c u p a t i o n David Jenkins1 Soeharto, who ruled Indonesia for thirty-two years (1966-98), was born in the hamlet of Kemusu, twelve miles west of the court city of Yogyakarta, in June 1921. The product of a broken home, he lived with a succession of families and attended a string of primary schools before entering a schakelschool (link school), designed to connect the village school system, where the language of instruction was Javanese and where the education was rudimentary, to the parallel and infinitely more prestigious Dutch- language stream. Although his command of Dutch was never good, putting him at a disadvantage in his later career, Soeharto joined the Royal Netherlands Indies Army (Koninklijk Nederlandsch-Indisch Leger, KNIL) in 1940. As a soldier in the KNIL, he showed promise and was pushed through a series of good, if rushed, basic military training programs. He was promoted to sergeant as a powerful Japanese force invaded Java on March 1,1942. The Dutch surrendered a week later. This article had its origins in research for a book that will look at the early life and times of former President Soeharto. Because there was a great deal of contextual material that is important for an understanding of Indonesian social, political, and military history during the Japanese occupation, it seemed worthwhile to present it here in a way that would allow full play to the context. 1 For their comments on drafts of this paper, I am very much indebted to Ben Anderson, Brigadier General Ben Bouman, Bob Elson, the late Colonel Carel Heshusius, John Legge, Ruth McVey, Jamie Mackie, Lieutenant General Purbo Suwondo, Ken Ward, and Yamaoka Yasuko.
    [Show full text]