Superficial Muscles of the Back
Which of the numbered muscles are consid- ered intrinsic muscles of the back?
Copyright © 2008 by Thieme. All rights reserved. Illustrator: Karl Wesker 19 Superficial Muscles of the Back
Posterior view. A Levator scapulae S Rhomboideus major D Serratus posterior inferior F Lumbar triangle, internal oblique G Thoracolumbar fascia, superficial layer H Latissimus dorsi J Scapular spine K Trapezius, transverse part
Only the serratus posterior inferior is an intrinsic muscle of the back. The trapezius, latissimus dorsi, leva- tor scapulae, and rhomboideus muscles assist in move- ment of the shoulder or arm and are considered muscles of the upper limb.
Fig. 2.1. Gilroy, MacPherson, Ross, Atlas of Anatomy, p. 22. Course of the Intercostal Nerves
Copyright © 2008 by Thieme. All rights reserved. Illustrator: Markus Voll 39 Course of the Intercostal Nerves
Coronal section. Anterior view. A Visceral pleura S Parietal pleura, diaphragmatic part D Diaphragm F Costodiaphragmatic recess G Endothoracic fascia H External intercostal J Costal groove K Intercostal vein, artery, and nerve
Abnormal fluid collection in the pleural space (e.g., pleural effusion due to bronchial carcinoma) may necessitate the insertion of a chest tube. Generally, the optimal puncture site in a sitting patient is at the level of the 7th or 8th intercostal space on the posterior axillary line. The drain should always be introduced at the upper margin of a rib to avoid injuring the intercostal vein, artery, and nerve.
Fig. 5.24. From Atlas of Anatomy, p. 59. Right Lung
Copyright © 2008 by Thieme. All rights reserved. Illustrator: Markus Voll 74 Right Lung
Lateral and medial views. A Apex S Horizontal fissure D Middle lobe F Oblique fissure G Branches of right pulmonary artery H Superior lobar bronchus J Branches of right pulmonary veins K Pulmonary ligament
The oblique and horizontal fissures divide the right lung into three lobes: superior, middle, and inferior. The apex of each lung extends into the root of the neck.
Fig. 8.5A & C. From Atlas of Anatomy, p. 105. Kidneys & Ureters in Situ
What are the most common areas of constriction of the ureters?
Copyright © 2008 by Thieme. All rights reserved. Illustrator: Markus Voll 112 Kidneys & Ureters in Situ
Male abdomen. Anterior view. A Left suprarenal gland and vein S Ureter (abdominal part) D Psoas major F Urinary bladder G Right ductus deferens H Right common iliac artery J Right ovarian/testicular artery and vein K Perirenal fat capsule
Constriction of the ureters occurs most often at one of three sites: where the renal pelvis narrows to become the ureter (ureteropelvic junction), where the ureter crosses the pelvic brim at the distal end of the common iliac vessels, and where it enters the bladder.
Fig. 13.47. From Atlas of Anatomy, p. 180. Pelvic Ligaments II
Copyright © 2008 by Thieme. All rights reserved. Illustrator: Karl Wesker 85 Pelvic Ligaments II
Right half of pelvis. Medial view. A Sacral canal S Sacrospinous ligament D Ischial spine F Sacrotuberous ligament G Obturator membrane H Lesser sciatic foramen J Greater sciatic foramen K Promontory
Fig. 10.10A. From Atlas of Anatomy, p. 129. Superficial Veins of the Upper Limb