DOCSLIB.ORG

Sept. 27, 1938. H. J. Mcarthy 2,131,538 INVENTOR

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sept. 27, 1938. H. J. Mcarthy 2,131,538 INVENTOR Sept. 27, 1938. H. J. McArthy 2,131,538 WAWE SIGNALING SYSTEM Filed Dec. 31, 1936 INVENTOR CAPACITY OF CONDENSER 8 N m fid. AORNEY Patented Sept. 27, 1938 2,131,538 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. 2,131,538 WAVE SIGNALENG SYSTEM Henry J. McCarthy, Danvers, Mass., assignor to Hygrade Sylvania Corporation, Salem, Mass., a corporation of Massachusetts Application December 31, 1936, Seria No. 8,532 4 Claims. (C. 179-11) : . This invention relates to Wave. Signaling Sys velope either of the metal or glass type. Suitably tems and more especially to such systems as supported within the envelope is a pentode employ electron discharge tubes of the suppreSSor mount comprising an electron emitting cathode grid type. 2. With its insulated heater filament 3; a control 5 The invention is in the nature of an improve grid 4; a shield grid 5; a suppressor grid 6; and ment. On the type of System disclosed in appli an anode or plate. It will be understood that cation Serial No. 13,047, filed March 26th, 1935. any Well-known structure and arrangement of There is disclosed in said application a System the electrodes may be employed, for example the employing a pentode tube of the Suppressor grid mount may be similar to that embodied in the O type Wherein the suppressing action is achieved tubes designated commercially by the type num 10: Without employing a conductive or metallic con bers 39/44, 41, 57, 78 and the like and while the nection between the Suppressor grid and the invention is primarily applicable to radio fre cathode. The present invention relates to this quency pentodes it also has desirable applica Sane type of System and one of its principal ob tions to so-called power output pentodes repre 5 jectS is to provide a Wave repeater or amplifier sented for example by tubes of the type 43, 7 and 5 employing a suppressor grid pentode tube where the like. in the Suppressor grid is capable of effecting Sup The signals to be repeated or amplified are pressor action without conductive connection to impressed across the control grid 4 and the the cathode, and at the same time it maintains cathode 2 by any Well-knoWn form of signal 20 the interellectrode capacity between the anode input coupling circuit represented by the Sec 2O. and control grid at a minimum. Ondary Winding 8 of the coupling transforimei. A feature of the invention relates to a sys Preferably the grid A is biassed with respect to tem employing a suppressor grid pentode tube the cathode by any well-known means, for ex wherein the suppressor grid is insulated from the ample by the resistor 9 shunted by condenser ; ). cathode so far as direct current is concerned, by The signal output coupling circuit may be of any 25. a condenser. With this arrangement the Sup Suitable type and merely for purposes of expia pressor grid acts efficiently to prevent the re nation it is shown as of the resistance-capacity turn of any appreciable number of secondary type in Which the plate is connected to the electrons from the plate or anode to the shield positive potential tap through a coupling re grid, and it also Supplements the shield grid in sistor 2. The potentials across resistor 2 are 30 reducing to a desirable minimum, the interellec Coupled through capacity 3 to the input of a 30 trode capacity between the anode and the con Succeeding stage or to a signal reproducing de trol grid. Vice, the input terminals of which are represented Other features and advantages not specifically by numerals 4, 5. In accordance with the enumerated Will be apparent after a consider usual practice, a leak resistor 6 may be provided. ation of the following detailed descriptions and The shield grid 5 is connected to a suitable 35 the appended claims. While the invention Will positive potential tap preferably of a lower be disclosed herein in schematic form and in con Voltage than the tap for purposes well under nection with certain well-known types of pentode stood in the electron tube art. Heretofore, the tubes, it - Will be understood that this is done Suppressor grid 6 has been conductively connected 40 merely for explanatory purposes and not by Way to either the cathode or to ground so as to be 40 of limitation thereto. Accordingly in the draw at or near cathode potential. This usual con lag, ductive connection of the suppressor grid to the Fig. 1 is a typical Schematic Wiring diagram of Cathode, performs the function of preventing the a System embodying features of the invention. return of any appreciable number of secondary 45 Fig. 2 is a typical Series of characteristic curves electrons from the anode to the shield grid, and 45 showing the relation between plate current and at the same time it tends to supplement the shield plate voltage in a tube connected according to grid in reducing the interellectrode capacity be Fig. 1. tween the plate and the control grid. As dis 50 Fig. 3 is a curve showing the relation between closed in my prior application Serial No. 13,047, 50 the interelectrode control grid-to-plate capacity I have found that the suppressing action of grid for different values of the suppressor grid return 6 may be obtained without a conductive connec COndenSer. tion to the cathode. In this latter case, it is Referring to Fig. 1, the numeral represents neceSSary to employ a Suppressor grid which be 55 any Well-known form of evacuated enclosing en cause of its composition or because of its surface 55 2 2,181,538 characteristics has the property of emitting few by 3 volts; the shield grid 5 was positively biassed Secondary electrons under bombardment either with respect to the cathode by 100 volts; the plate by the primary electrons from the cathode or by 7 had applied thereto a positive potential of 250 Secondary electrons. For example as disclosed volts. Under these circumstances the condenser in said application Serial No. 13,047 the grid may 8 had a capacity of 0.01 mfd. The curves of 5 be coated With ceramic Or any other material Fig. 2 show the relation between plate voltage that has the property of reducing secondary and plate current for different values of negative emission as is well known in the electron tube bias on the control grid, the curve 'a' being at art. With such a grid it is possible to allow it to minus 1 Wolt, curve 'b' at minus 3 volts, and 0 float, without any conductive or other connec curve 'c' at minus 10 Volts. It Will be under J.0 tion to the cathode, and the desirable pentode Stood of course that various changes and modi plate current plate voltage characteristics are fications may be made in the various voltages obtained. I have found however that with this Without departing from the spirit and scope of type of suppressor grid floating, While the sup the invention. 5 pressor action is obtainable, nevertheless the grid What I claim is: 5 does not supplement the shield grid in reducing 1. In a Wave repeater the combination of an the interelectrode capacitance. However, I have electron discharge tube having a cathode, an also found that by returning the suppressor grid anode, a control grid, a shield grid and a sup to the cathode through a condenser such as con preSSOr grid, means to impress signals on the 20 denser 8, it is possible to obtain the suppressing control grid, means to apply a steady positive 20 action and at the same time, the Suppressor grid potential to the shield grid, and a connection supplements the shield grid in reducing the inter between the Supressor grid and cathode to con electrode capacitance. While this method of ductively insulate Said suppressor grid from the suppressor grid return finds its greatest useful Cathode while allowing said suppressor grid to pre 25 ness in a tube wherein the suppressor grid has went Secondary electrons from reaching said 25 a surface capable of inhibiting the emission of shield grid from said anode. secondary electrons, nevertheless it is also useful 2. In a wave repeater the combination of a as applied to the ordinary type of pentode pentode tube of the suppressor type, and means wherein the suppressor grid is not specially to return the Suppressor grid to the Cathode 30 formed or treated to inhibit secondary emission. without a conductive connection thereto, said 30 While the capacitance of condenser 8 is not means comprising a condenser. critical nevertheless it is preferable to employ a 3. A Wave repeater according to claim 2 in condenser having a capacity not materially less Which the condenser has a capacity not mate than 0.001 mfcd., so that the control grid-to-plate rially less than 0.001 mid. 35 capacitance is at or near a minimum. Fig. 3 is 4. In a Wave repeater the combination of a 35 a curve showing the relation between the inter pentode tube of the suppressor grid type, the Sup electrode control grid-to-plate capacity of a type preSSor grid having its surface specially designed 78 tube for various values of condenser 8. From to reduce the emission of secondary electrons this it Will be seen that the interelectrode capac therefrom whereby the Suppressing action may 40. ity rises abruptly for very low values of capacity be obtained while maintaining said suppressor 40. 8. For example if the tube of Fig. 1 is a type grid conductively insulated from the cathode, and 78 tube the condenser 8 should have a capacity a condenser connected in series between the sup of the order of 0.01 mfcd.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Philips DEALING with TECHNICAL PROBLEMS
    VOL. 5 N~. 3 . Philips DEALING WITH TECHNICAL PROBLEMS. RELATING TO THE PRODUCTS, PROCESSES AND. INVESTIGATIONS OF N.V. PHILIPS' GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN EDITED BY THE RESEARCH LABORATORY OF N.V. PHILIPS' GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN, EINDHOVEN, HOLLAND TESTING A~PLIFIER OUTPUT VALVES BY MEANS OF THE 'CAT~ODE RAY TUBE hy A. J. HEINS van der VEN. 621.317.755: 621.396.645 I n testing amplifier output valves, the most important data are contained in the In' v.. diagram if one knows over which part of the diagram the values of voltage and current prevailing during operatien range, i;e. if the position of the load line is known. The la- Vn 'diagrams as well as the load lines can very easily b~ obtained with the help of a 'cathode ray tube. The necessary apparatus is described in this article. A number of auxiliary ar- rangernents are also studied, by which the axes and the necessary calibration lines in the diagram can be traced on the fluorescent screen, and which make it possible to. cause the diagrams of two .output valves which are to be compared to appear simultancously on the screen. In order to obtain the load line in the correct place in the diagram, use must he made of dir'ect current push-pull amplifiers for the deflection voltages of the cathode ray tube. The position of the load line upon inductive loading is discussed and explained by a number of examples. In conclusion one,npplication of the instaflation in the develop- ment of output pentodes is dealt with. If one wishes to characterize briefly the perfor- quantrties are to some degree dependent _on the mance of an output valve of !tn amplifier or radio loading impedance which is included in the anode set, it is enough to give the sensitivity, the distor- circuit, it is first necessary to find out how the loa'd- tion as a function of the power output, and in some ing of the ~alve is e~pl'esse~ in the Ia- V~ curve.' , cases the maximum power which can he delivered mA without grid current flowing.
    [Show full text]
  • Pentodes Connected As Triodes
    Pentodes connected as Triodes by Tom Schlangen Pentodes connected as Triodes About the author Tom Schlangen Born 1962 in Cologne / Germany Studied mechanical engineering at RWTH Aachen / Germany Employments as „safety engineering“ specialist and CIO / IT-head in middle-sized companies, now owning and running an IT- consultant business aimed at middle-sized companies Hobby: Electron valve technology in audio Private homepage: www.tubes.mynetcologne.de Private email address: [email protected] Tom Schlangen – ETF 06 2 Pentodes connected as Triodes Reasons for connecting and using pentodes as triodes Why using pentodes as triodes at all? many pentodes, especially small signal radio/TV ones, are still available from huge stock cheap as dirt, because nobody cares about them (especially “TV”-valves), some of them, connected as triodes, can rival even the best real triodes for linearity, some of them, connected as triodes, show interesting characteristics regarding µ, gm and anode resistance, that have no expression among readily available “real” triodes, because it is fun to try and find out. Tom Schlangen – ETF 06 3 Pentodes connected as Triodes How to make a triode out of a tetrode or pentode again? Or, what to do with the “superfluous” grids? All additional grids serve a certain purpose and function – they were added to a basic triode system to improve the system behaviour in certain ways, for example efficiency. We must “disable” the functions of those additional grids in a defined and controlled manner to regain triode characteristics. Just letting them “dangle in vacuum unconnected” will not work – they would charge up uncontrolled in the electron stream, leading to unpredictable behaviour.
    [Show full text]
  • Eimac Care and Feeding of Tubes Part 3
    SECTION 3 ELECTRICAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 3.1 CLASS OF OPERATION Most power grid tubes used in AF or RF amplifiers can be operated over a wide range of grid bias voltage (or in the case of grounded grid configuration, cathode bias voltage) as determined by specific performance requirements such as gain, linearity and efficiency. Changes in the bias voltage will vary the conduction angle (that being the portion of the 360° cycle of varying anode voltage during which anode current flows.) A useful system has been developed that identifies several common conditions of bias voltage (and resulting anode current conduction angle). The classifications thus assigned allow one to easily differentiate between the various operating conditions. Class A is generally considered to define a conduction angle of 360°, class B is a conduction angle of 180°, with class C less than 180° conduction angle. Class AB defines operation in the range between 180° and 360° of conduction. This class is further defined by using subscripts 1 and 2. Class AB1 has no grid current flow and class AB2 has some grid current flow during the anode conduction angle. Example Class AB2 operation - denotes an anode current conduction angle of 180° to 360° degrees and that grid current is flowing. The class of operation has nothing to do with whether a tube is grid- driven or cathode-driven. The magnitude of the grid bias voltage establishes the class of operation; the amount of drive voltage applied to the tube determines the actual conduction angle. The anode current conduction angle will determine to a great extent the overall anode efficiency.
    [Show full text]
  • An Experimental Investigation of a Low Distortion Mixer
    AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF A LOW DISTORTION MIXER USING A BEAM-DEFLECTION TUBE A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate Division By Guy Herbert Smith, Jr. In Partial. Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Electrical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology June, I96I "In presenting the dissertation as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for an advanced degree from the Georgia Institute of Technology, I agree that the Library of the Insti­ tution shall make it available for inspection and circulation in accordance with its regulations governing materials of this type. I agree that permission to copy from, or to publish from, this dissertation may be granted by the professor under whose di­ rection it was written, or,, in his .absence, by the dean, of the Graduate Division when such copying or publication is solely for scholarly purposes and does not involve potential financial gain. It is understood that any copying from, or publication of, this dissertation which involves potential financial gain will not be allowed without written permission. " /y~ J* AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF A LOW DISTORTION MIXER USING A BEAM-DEFLECTION TUBE Approved: - \ A . \ h T T - / /) l Date Approved by Chairman: 11 PREFACE This study is an experimental investigation of a low distortion mixer using a beam-deflection tube as the active circuit element. The material herein is limited in its scope in that the investigation covers only one of several basic circuit configurations that are suitable for use with beam-deflection tubes. It is also limited because only one type of beam-deflection tube has been considered.
    [Show full text]
  • SHARP-CUTOFF PENTODES.—(Continued)
    570 RECEIVING TUBES [Sue. 14-4 14»4. Tetrodes and Pentodes.—Tetrodes and pentodes are most con• veniently classified according to function rather than to structure, and the tubes of this section will be classified primarily as r-f amplifiers or as power output tubes. There are many tubes which might be considered as belonging in either or both of these categories, but the great majority fall clearly into one or the other class. R-f Amplifiers.—R-f and i-f amplification in radio receivers is now almost invariably obtained from small pentodes, which may be classified on the basis of their cutoff characteristics into sharp-cutoff and remote- cutoff types. The latter type is occasionally and rather meaningless designated the "super control" type, and in some tube fists the former type is vaguely called a "triple grid amplifier." Some tubes are inter• mediate in character between the two classes, and are called "semi• remote-cutoff" pentodes; they may most conveniently be classed with the remote-cutoff tubes. Sharp-cutoff pentodes have Eg-Ip characteristics such that plate current and transconductance decrease to practically zero when the con• trol grid is made a few volts negative. In a remote-cutoff pentode they will decrease rapidly at first with increasing negative grid bias, but the rate of decrease becomes less and the quantities become essentially zero only when the negative bias becomes comparatively large. This remote- cutoff or variable-Mu characteristic is desirable when a variable bias ve£k- age is used to control the gain of the tube as in the ordinary receiver AVC circuit.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Miniature Beam-Deflection Tube (7360)
    BEAM-DEFLECTION TUBE 267 of the returned electrons are undesired coupling from grid No. 3 to grid No. 1 and variations of input loading of grid No. 1. The degree of influence of grid-No.3 voltage upon cathode current is a good indi- cator of the magnitude of these adverse effects. In conventional NEW MINIATURE A BEAM-DEFLECTION TUBE* pentodes, such as the 6ASG, grid No. 3 has about one-third the con- BY trol over cathode current that it has over plate current. The effect is reduced to about one twentieth in pentagrid converters, which are M B KNIGHT - . designed to return electrons along different paths as much as practical. RCA Electron Tube Division, always away Harrison, N. J. In the beam-deflection tube, the electrons move from the cathode; thus, the major cause of interaction with the control grid Summary—A new method for beam-deflection control of plate current is eliminated. Furthermore, balanced operation of the deflecting elec- has been developed and applied to a tube design that uses beam-deflection trodes minimizes the influence of the deflecting electrode signal voltage control in addition to conventional grid control. The new tube, the 7860, is - a nine-pin miniature type especially suitable for use in modulators, demod- on the electric fleld near the cathode, and tends to neutralize capaci- ulators, and converters. It has an uelectron gun” that comprises a cathode, tance coupling between deflecting electrodes and control grid. An- a control grid, and a screen grid ; a deflection structure that includes two other advantage is that both plates may be used for output signals in grid like deflecting electrodes; and two plates.
    [Show full text]
  • The BASICS INSIDE a TUBE
    The BASICS Back in 1904, British scientist John Ambrose Fleming first showed his device to convert an alternating current signal into direct current. The "Fleming diode" was based on an effect that Thomas Edison had first discovered in 1880, and had not put to useful work at the time. This diode essentially consisted of an incandescent light bulb with an extra electrode inside. When the bulb's filament is heated white-hot, electrons are boiled off its surface and into the vacuum inside the bulb. If the extra electrode (also called an "plate" or "anode") is made more positive than the hot filament, a direct current flows through the vacuum. And since the extra electrode is cold and the filament is hot, this current can only flow from the filament to the electrode, not the other way. So, AC signals can be converted into DC. Fleming's diode was first used as a sensitive detector of the weak signals produced by the new wireless telegraph. Later (and to this day), the diode vacuum tube was used to convert AC into DC in power supplies for electronic equipment. Many other inventors tried to improve the Fleming diode, most without success. The only one who succeeded was New York inventor Lee de Forest. In 1907 he patented a bulb with the same contents as the Fleming diode, except for an added electrode. This "grid" was a bent wire between the plate and filament. de Forest discovered that if he applied the signal from the wireless-telegraph antenna to the grid instead of the filament, he could obtain a much more sensitive detector of the signal.
    [Show full text]
  • 6)2)Wayaamaa/ (A/7/7C0a0w/72
    Aug. 21, 1956 s. R. PARKER ETAL 2,760,075 AMPLITUDE. STABILIZED TRANSITRON OSCILLATOR Filed Jan. 7, 1954 --d INPENTORs. 6)2)WAYAAMAA/ (A/7/7C0A0W/72 ATTORNEY 2,760,075 United States Patent Office Patented Aug. 21, 1956 2 and a stabilizing resistor 13 to the negative terminal 14 of a source of uni-directional potential referenced to 2,760,075 ground. The plate electrode 10 is connected thru a lead AMPLITUDE STABLIZED TRANSTRON 15 and a stabilizing resistor 16 to the positive terminal OSCLELATOR 7 of a source of uni-directional potential referenced to Sydney R. Parker, Pianan, N. S., and Hernata Jacobowitz, ground. The lead 2 is connected thru a voltage regula Philadelphia, Pa., assignors, by mesne assignments, to for tube 18 to ground, and the lead 15 is connected thru the United States of America as represented by the a voltage regulator tube 19 to ground. Voltage regu Secretary of the Navy lator tubes 18 and 19 are shunted by by-pass capacitors O 20 and 21, respectively. Application January 7, 1954, Serial No. 402,686 A tank circuit generally designated 22 is connected on one side to the plate electrode 10, and on the other side 1. Claims. (C. 250-36) to the screen grid 3. The screen grid 8 is coupled to the input of a cathode follower tube 25. An output from This invention relates to a transitron oscillator, and 5 the cathode follower tube 25 is taken over lead 26 and more particularly, to a transitron oscillator having a sub coupling capacitor 27 to the suppressor grid 9 of the stantially constant output amplitude varying in a substan oscillator tube 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Vacuum Tube Amplifiers
    Jason Cillo ENGL 202C 3/20/2017 Vacuum Tube Amplifiers Arguably the most important technological invention of the twentieth century was that of semiconductor or ‘solid state’ devices like the transistor. Prior to the invention of the transistor and the diode, vacuum tubes were used to design circuits for amplification and rectification. While tubes are impractical in most modern applications due to their size and non-idealities, they are still widely used in the design of high quality audio equipment because their desirable audio characteristics cannot be accurately replicated. What is a Vacuum Tube? Vacuum Tubes (sometimes called just “tubes” or “valves” in British English) are electronic components that control current by emitting electrons in an evacuated container. In the simplest design, electrons are emitted from the cathode, most often by thermionic emission, to the plate (or anode) which results in electrical current. To cause thermionic emission, the Example of different Vacuum Tubes [pintrest.com] cathode must be heated. Some tubes use a directly heated filament as the cathode while others have a separate heat source inside that heats the cathode indirectly. There are numerous types of vacuum tubes with additional parts for specific applications, but the most common ones used in audio amplifiers are diode, triode, and pentode tubes. A diode tube, like a semi- conductor diode, is used for rectification and only allows current flow in one direction. Triode and Pentode tubes function more similar to transistors and can be used for switching and amplification. Types of Vacuum Tubes used in Audio Amplifiers Rectification Tubes The Diode Tube The diode vacuum tube utilizes electron emission to allow current flow in only one direction, preceding modern day semiconductor diodes.
    [Show full text]
  • Tubes. Behavioral Obpctives Are Listed. a 19-Item Bibliography of References and Films Is Included Together with a Posttest Sample
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 095 351 CE 001 908 TITLE Resonant Circuits and Introduction to Vacuum Tubes, Industrial Electronics 2: 9325.03. Course Outline. INSTITUTION Dade County Public Schools, Miami, Fla. PUB DATE 71 NOTE 36p.; An Authorized Course of Instruction for the Quinmester Program EPPS PPICE MF-$0.75 HC-$1.85 PLUS POSTAGE DESCRIPTORS Behavioral Objectives; *Course Content; Course Organization; *Curriculum Guides; *Electric Circuits; *Electronics; Grade 11; Secondary Grades; Technical Education IDENTIFIERS *Quinmester Program; Vacuum Tubes ABSTRACT The 135 clock-hour course for the 11th year consists of outlines for blocks of instruction on series resonant circuits, parallel resonant circuits, transformer theory and application, vacuum tube fundamentals, diode vacuum tubes, triode tube construction and parameters, vacuum tube tetrodes and pentodes, beam-power and multisection tubes, and multigrid and special purpose tubes. Behavioral obpctives are listed. A 19-item bibliography of references and films is included together with a posttest sample. (AG) SCSI- I ; AUTHORIZED COURSE OF INSTRUCTION FOR THE Q U 0)0 00 Course Outline RESONANT CIRCUITS AND INTRODUCTION U S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. TO VACUUM TUBES EDUCATION I. WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF (Industrial Electronics 2 - 9325) EDUCATION -I, tiNtl NT HASAt- F N UFPUO Department 48 - Course 9325.03 OWt O f xiar ti r AS WFCEIVI O f WO* THE Pf W,ONOu OucoNt4i/ATION ORIGIN ATING IT POINTS v1FNOR OPINIONS STATFD DO NOT NECESSAPIL v REPPE SENT Or r IC,Pt NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FtP,t'At ION P0',!T ION OP POt DIVISION OF INSTRUCTION1971 r-4 Pr\ LCN CT ADE COUNTY PUBLIC SCHOOLS 1 4 10 NORTHEAST SECOND AVENUE LLi MIAMI, FLORIDA 33132 p Course Outline INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS 2 - 9325 (Resonant Circuits and Introduction to Vacuum Tubes) Department 48 - Course 9325.03 * " ; : I ; , .
    [Show full text]
  • Philip~· ·.Tec.Hnicai Review DEALING WITH:' TECHNICAL PROBLEMS .':RELATING, to the PRODUCTS, PROCESSES and INVESTIGATIONS of , ,N.V
    No. 9, p; 253-284 - SEPTEMBER 1941 , Philip~· ·.Tec.hnicaI Review DEALING WITH:' TECHNICAL PROBLEMS .':RELATING, TO THE PRODUCTS, PROCESSES AND INVESTIGATIONS OF , ,N.V. pmiJ:ps' GLOErr..AMPENFABRIEKEN EDITED BY THE RESEARCH LABORATORY OF N.V. PHILIPS' GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN, EINDHOVEN, HOLLAND SEVERAL TECHNICAL PROBLÉMS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW SERIES OF TRANSMITTER VALVES ,by'E. G. DORGELO. 621.396.615 • ' The.useof shorter and shorter radio waves involves a steady decrease i!! the dimensions of' the transmitter,valve;. When' it is at the same time desirable not to decrease the energy dissipation in the valve, various partsof the valve become relatively more heavily loaded. 'An indication: is given-in -this article ~f how several technical problems connected 'with tlÜs"u'resolved in the case ora new series of Philips transmitter valves. Introduction '. : Under the influence ,of the rishig" standard' of the' wave lengths of a few metres, many of the ad- 'performance required in the field of television, a vantages of the pentode connection al-e lost (for great, demand has '~arisen'in recent' years tor trans- a detailed discussion of the advantages and dis- - mitter valv~s which can work-with high efficiency advantages of triodes .andpentodes we=refer to an on the wave lengths of 5 1'0 6 m 'used in teleVision. article published earlier 2). While at 'l9nger wave The existing types c~ula to some extent be used lengths screen grid and, suppressor grids function for such 'wave lengths, but usually worked at low as shielding cagé due to their constant potential, efficiency, and, moreover, they ofteninvolved great and thereby make special decoupling measures difficulties in the design and adjustment of the (neutrodyning) unnecessary,' at very short waves transmitter.
    [Show full text]
  • Power Vacuum Tubes Hand Book Jerry C
    This article was downloaded by: 10.3.98.104 On: 04 Oct 2021 Access details: subscription number Publisher: CRC Press Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London SW1P 1WG, UK Power Vacuum Tubes Hand Book Jerry C. Whitaker Vacuum Tube Principles Publication details https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.1201/b11758-4 Jerry C. Whitaker Published online on: 13 Mar 2012 How to cite :- Jerry C. Whitaker. 13 Mar 2012, Vacuum Tube Principles from: Power Vacuum Tubes, Hand Book CRC Press Accessed on: 04 Oct 2021 https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.1201/b11758-4 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR DOCUMENT Full terms and conditions of use: https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/legal-notices/terms This Document PDF may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproductions, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The publisher shall not be liable for an loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. 3 Vacuum Tube Principles 3.1 Introduction A power grid tube is a device using the flow of free electrons in a vacuum to produce useful work [1]. It has an emitting surface (the cathode), one or more grids that control the flow of electrons, and an element that collects the electrons (the anode).
    [Show full text]