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ED 095 351 CE 001 908

TITLE Resonant Circuits and Introduction to Tubes, Industrial 2: 9325.03. Course Outline. INSTITUTION Dade County Public Schools, Miami, Fla. PUB DATE 71 NOTE 36p.; An Authorized Course of Instruction for the Quinmester Program

EPPS PPICE MF-$0.75 HC-$1.85 PLUS POSTAGE DESCRIPTORS Behavioral Objectives; *Course Content; Course Organization; *Curriculum Guides; *Electric Circuits; *Electronics; Grade 11; Secondary Grades; Technical Education IDENTIFIERS *Quinmester Program; Vacuum Tubes

ABSTRACT The 135 -hour course for the 11th year consists of outlines for blocks of instruction on series resonant circuits, parallel resonant circuits, theory and application, fundamentals, vacuum tubes, tube construction and parameters, vacuum tube and , beam-power and multisection tubes, and multigrid and special purpose tubes. Behavioral obpctives are listed. A 19-item bibliography of references and films is included together with a posttest sample. (AG) SCSI-

I ;

AUTHORIZED COURSE OF INSTRUCTION FOR THE Q U

0)0 00

Course Outline RESONANT CIRCUITS AND INTRODUCTION U S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. TO VACUUM TUBES EDUCATION I. WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF (Industrial Electronics 2 - 9325) EDUCATION -I, tiNtl NT HASAt- F N UFPUO Department 48 - Course 9325.03 OWt O f xiar ti r AS WFCEIVI O f WO* THE Pf W,ONOu OucoNt4i/ATION ORIGIN ATING IT POINTS v1FNOR OPINIONS STATFD DO NOT NECESSAPIL v REPPE SENT Or r IC,Pt NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FtP,t'At ION P0',!T ION OP POt

DIVISION OF INSTRUCTION1971 r-4

Pr\ LCN CT ADE COUNTY PUBLIC SCHOOLS 1 4 10 NORTHEAST SECOND AVENUE LLi MIAMI, FLORIDA 33132 p

Course Outline

INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS 2 - 9325 (Resonant Circuits and Introduction to Vacuum Tubes)

Department 48 - Course 9325.03

* " ; : I

; , . :

the division of

VOCATIONAL, TECHNICAL AND ADULT EDUCATION DADE COUNTY SCHOOL BOARD

Mr. William Lehman, Chairman Mr. G. Holmes Braddock, Vice-Chairman Mrs. Ethel Beckham Mrs. Crutcher Harrison Mrs. Anna Brenner Meyers Dr. Ben Sheppard Mr. William H. Turner

Dr. E. L. Whigham, Superintendentof Schools Dade County Public Schools Miami. Florida 33132

Published by the Dade County School Board Course Description

Resonant Circuits and 9325 48 9325.03 Introduction to Vacuum Tubes NEWe Category CountyDept. County Course Course Title Number Number Number

This course of study includes Series Resonant Circuits, Parallel Resonant Circuits, Transformer Theory and Application, Vacuum Tube Fundamentals, The Diode Vacuum Tube, Triode Tube Construction and Static Characteristics, Triode Tube Parameters, Vacuum Tube Tetrodes and Pentodes, Beam-Power and Multisection Tubes, and Multigrid and Special Purpose Tubes.

The Laboratory Experiments .elating to the text material will be covered.

Clock Hours: 135 PREFACE

The following pages contain a course outline entitled

Resonance Circuits and Introduction to Vacuum Tubes. This is

the third quinmester course of the eleventhyear course No.

9325. There will be four more quinmestersas follows:

9325.01 Basic ElJotrical Concepts and D.C. Circnits 9325.02D. C. Circuits and Introduction to A. C. 9325.04 9325.05Independent Study in Electronics

This quinmester course will be available to all students who satisfactorily complete the post test of quinmester 9325.

02.

This course material is presented to the student in 135 hours of classroom-laboratory instruction. The content of this course will be covered in ten blocks and concluded bya post test.

Upon completion of this course the student will be well grounded in the areas of resonant circuits, , and vacuum tube fundamentals.

The teaching methods will vary according to the ability of the individual student. As the content of the course varies, teaching techniques which lend themselves to each particular situation are employed. The instructor uses demon- strations and lectures whichare supplemented by the perfor- mance of laboratory experiments and assignments by the student.

The instruction is further developed by theuse of films, in- formation sheets, diagrams, and other aids which make the instruction more meaningful. Me outline wls developed throe: ;11 the cooperative efforts of eli.:ctronic instructors, supervisory rersonnel, the Quin- mester Advisory Committee, and the Teacher Training Service,

Dade County Public Schools, Division of Vocational, Technical and Adult Education, and has been approvedby the Dade County Vocational Curriculum Committee.

ii BEST TA BL:: OF CONTEETS COPYAVANAKE with Suggested HourlyBreakdown

Page PREFACE. . ********** ******** i COALS. . 0 ******** v SPECIFIC BLOCK OBJECTIVES. OOOOO vi BIBLIOCRAPHY OOOOOO 7 9 BLOCK

I. SERIES RESONANT CIRCUIT (12Hours) The Series Tuned Circuit Quality 1 OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO . 1 Bandwidth OOOOO Analysis of Series Resonant 1 Circuits . . . . Series Resonant Circuit 1 Applications 1 II. PARALLEL RESONANT CIRCUITS (12Hours) Parallel L-C Circuits 1 Circulatin7, Current inan Ideal Parallel Resonant Circuit OOOOO 1 Practical Tuned Circuit Anelysis .

Parallel Resonant Circuitq and Bandwidth . Applications of Series andParallel Tunetl Circuits in Combin tionOOOOO 2 III. TRANSFORMER THEORY AEDAPPLICATION (15 Hours) -) Transformer Action ,. Turns Ratio . OOOOOOOOO .OOOOO 2 Impedance Matchinv, 2 Transformer Losses and Transformer Ratings OOOOOOOOOOOOOO 2 Power TransformersOOOOO . 2 Audio Transformers 2 Radio- Transformers . ? Special Applications ofTransformers . . 3 IV. VACUUM TUBE FUNDAMENTALS (6Hours) Emission OOOOOOO 3 The Emitter OOOOOOOO Nsitter Construction . OOOOOO 3 V. THE DIODE VACUUM TUBE (12Hours) Physical Construction ******* 3 a Theory of Operation 3 Static Characteristics Dynamic Characteristics

iii BEST COPYAVAILABLE

VI. TRIODE Tilh CON3TWICTIOV AND STATIC CiiAitMTWRI3TICS (15 hour;:) Triode Construction and Plato Currant Control 4 Grid Control ******** 4 Static Characteristics . 4 Bias In A Triode Tube Circuit . 4 Types of Bias *** ** 4. VII. TRIODE TUBE PARAI.MTERS(18 Hours) The Triode Circuit 4 Tube Constants ***** 4 Dynamic CharacteristicsOOOOO 4 The Dynamic Transfer Curve 4 Classes of Operation OOOO 4

IIIII. VACUUMTUBE TETRODES AND PENTODES (12 Hours) Tetrodes ******* 5 Tube Constants OOOOOO 5 Pentodes 5 Ix. BEAM-POWER AND MULTISECTION TUBES (9 Hours) Beam Power Tubes ...... O 5 The Duo -diode 5 The Diode-Triode OOOOO 5 The Dial TriodeOOOOO 5 A. MULTIGRID AND SPECIAL PURPOSE TUBES (24 Hours) Multigrid Tubes 5 Subminiature, Gas-filled and Tubes OOOOOOOOOO 5 and Electron -Ray Indicators . . 6

The Ray Tube . 6 High-frequency Tubes . 6

XI. IIINKESTER POST TEST

APPEUDL. - POST TEST SAMPLE . 10

iv C. ALS BEST he student technici will be able to: COPY AVAILABLE

1. Demonstrate an underst!:ndinj of tunedcircuits.

2. Demonstrate an under:: tending oftransfcrner theory and npplication.

Demonstr9te undrIlt!tnding of the b,sicfundamentals of vacuum tubes including, thediode, triode, and . 4. Demonstrote an understanding ofvacuum tube characteris- tic curves and parameters.

Demonstrate an understanding ofspecial purpose tubes such as tubes, thyraton tubes, phototubes,cathode-lfy tubes, and high frequencytubes.

6. Satisfactorily comtlete the posttest. sr nIFIc AOC:. OV.Trri:E3

:31 0C!. 1 CTIO: 1T3 IN COPYAMULABLE

Thf! ntmlent will1n rible to:

1. the Ihnor:' of aeries Heaonnnce In terma or renetnnce, resistance, and current. 2. Demonstrate In understandiw. of 1, its effect on bandwidth, , and current. Explain nprlications of Series Resonant circuits ns tunic. ; - devices, band pass and band-reject filters. 14. Calculnte resonant frequency, reactances, bandwidth and 1.

BLOW: II - PARALLEL 11%3OLANT CLICUITS

The student will be able to:

1. amain the theory of Parnliel Resonance in terms of reactance, resistance, voltage and current. 2. Demonstrate tIn understanding of Q, its effect on band- width, voltages, and current. applications of Parnllel Resonant circuits -n tuning devices, band pass and band-reject filters. 4. Calculate resonant frequency, reactances, bandwidth and 0. 5. Demonstrate an understanding of prnetical application of Parallel Resonant circuits and combination series - parallel reeonnnt circuits.

BLOCK III - TR;14SFORMER THEORY AND APPLIC:.TIOL

The student will be able to:

1. Demonstrate an understanding of transformer °porn- tion and solve problems related to turns, voltni...e, current, and impedance ratio. Identify and explain applications of various types of transformers and their construction.

BLOCE IV - VACUUM TUBE FUNDAMELTALS

The stuuent will be able to:

1. List four types of electron emission, and two types of commonly used for .

vi es 1 f cii; LAST COPYAVAILABLE ntwk:nt. '411'Lu i,Lo tO:

1 E in Lt f t'Oet.1041 I'Mnif,101 C1:1:111 tilOtit!V' Clitit tube. . ...;:r.erimontal 1 y dor ive :;i. tin ind(ijretrLie uivieteri- tic curves raid A.C.'lid D.C.pll teresistnnce. . Demonstrate nn understardinrof the use of in emplicstions.

mocK ' :1 - TRICD2 TU3ECO::STRUCTIO:: ALL) S'1ATIC CHARCTI:LiISTICS

The student will be ableto:

1. 1.;:::..01nin the construction.and theor:7 ofeoperntiori of a triode vacuum tube. f. 11;perimentally derive staticcharcterictic curves of a triode vacuum tube. ";. Demonstrate an understandin-: of biasand list tilre, methods of obtaining; bias.

71';. TUBE P1RW7TE11S studert will be able to:

1. ,x.rlain the operation ofa triode implifier including input and output relationships. Explain, derive, and solve problemsrelated to the three triode tube parameters. Construct load lines, dynamic transfercurves, ind r:raphically predict the operationof triode vcuum tube . h. tist the four classes of amplifieroperntion each.

BfOIK 7T11- VACUUMTUBE IETROZES AND PENTODES The student will be able to:

1. the construction Ind theory ofoperation of tetrode and pentodevacuum tube. 2. :xrlain, derive and solveproblems. related to the three tetrode and pentodeparameters. 3.Construct load lines, dynamictransfer curves, and graphically product the operationof a pentode vacuum tube.

vii BEST COPY AVAILABLE

1.. - TC1.11.::: AND Nil:,TI:3::CT101:

The otutient will be ^bl o to:

I. :.4.)1 ..in t.:(1, construction nnd thoor of oV benm rower tube. Use fe=mi1 7 of curves to solve beer: power !mintier -roblems. . Demonstrate to understandinc of multisection tubes.

BLOU - Sr-ICIAL PURPOSE TUBES The student will be .ble to:

1, azpletin the construction and theory of operation of multi7rid tubes, subminiature tubes, VR tubes, thyrnton tubes, phototubes, electron -ray indicator tabes, cathode-ray tubes, and high frequency tubes.

viii BEST COPYAVAILABLE Course Outline INDUSTRIAL ELRCTRONICS 2 . 9325 (Resonant Circuits and Introduction to Vacuum Tubes)

Department 48 - Course 9325.03

I. SER1'.:3 &ZOnECE CIRCUIT

A. %he Series Tuned Circuit 1. hesonnnce The reaonnnce curves lenern1 rule for A-L-C circuit

it.. The series reson:nce circuit current curves

B. ,).tality 1. Sample calculation of 2. "unity nnd the series resonant circuit current curve

C. 3.tndwidth 1. Frequency and bandwidth end bandwidth Formula for bandwidth

D. !.nalysis of Series Resonant Circuits 1. The resonant frequency The ". of the circuit The bandwidth 4. Voltage rain 7arintion in circuit properties

Series -iesonant Circuit Applications 1. The b:nd-pPss series resonant network 2. Thu Land-reject series resonant network

II. Pit<-L hESOYALT CIRCUITS

Isrrllel L-C Circuits 1. Circuit analysis Resonance curves Reactance curves 4. Line current curve 5. Impedance curve

r:. Circulating current in an Ideal ParIllel Resonant Circuit 1. Ideal cirauit analysis at resonance !?. Ideal circuit analysis at other than resonPnce

-1 ,..,ctier.1 Tuned v:Irnuit 1. :tesist.Lnce in vrncticr.1 BEST COPYAVAILABLE Anrlysis

Hesonnt Circuit .;rd .Indwidth 1. Circuit - 2. Circuit bandwidth

Apnlicettions of Seri cu and Parallel Tuned Circuits in Conbination 1. "mplications of parrAlel tuned circuits .'.pplications of series and parallel tuned cir- cuits in combinition */. ..;:ample of a series and parallel tuned circuit ill. TRAL3FORM:13 Tnaltr: AND APPLICATION

A. Trnnsformer action 1. Coefficient of couplinr: 2. Phase relationships

3. Effects of the secondary on tho primnry of - transformer I. Phase angles in n transformer

Turns Ratio 1. Relationship between voltage and turns ratio ?. Relationship between power in the primary *nd power in the secondary ?. Relationship between current and turns ratio

Inredance Matchin!' 1. Reflected impedance Reflectod and inductance

D. Iransforner Tosses and Trnnsformer Rstinrs 1. loss Hystersis loss 3. S!,turation loss h. Eddy current lose lower Transformers 1. Filament transformers Mpred winding transformers 3. windin- transformer E. ,iltetransformer

itclio Transformers 1. Input transformer Interstage transformer Cutput transformer :-d10-?roouerc:7 1. interct2:.0 trnnsfor REST CORY AVAILABLE trrnsformor %ntenn:1 u:Z.h 3 tr:Ansformers

Le vIntic-tiona of Trnnsformers 1. Isolation trrnsformers 71. instrument transforl.:erc Potential trrnsformers 4. Current transformer riaturable rector 41 nr. V tin: ri7 PLTDA11:IITATS

. ';lectron emission 1. 'Zhermionic fission

'7'. Cold-cathode emission rhotoelectric emission 3econdar emissior.

3. The .emitter

C. .sitter Construction 1. Directly heated cathode 2. Indirectly hosted onthode

DIO DT: T:CrUli TT 61::

A. Physlcal Construction 1. 3ase Crthode Prto h. .11velope

Theor7 of Orerntion 1. Space Chtrce Current Peak Inverse Plate Volta7e

P Static Characteristics 1. Static curve r". Saturation D-C plate resistance A-C resistance

D721-mic Characteristics 1. Diode load Dynamic curve Dynamic operation .nd rnrlications . Half-wave rectifier b. 21111-wave rectifier VY. TWIOD; COEXIWCTICV ALD Tr TIC CIIARACT::AlfAiC6

Triode Construction and pl.:%tc Curroi.t Control 1. rhysienl construction (:id control. :ero b. ;:o connection c. Positive ": e d. Ne:;ative voltnce BEST COPYAVAILAbu

3trstic Characteristics 1. Tinte family of curves 2. Crid fetmily of curves

C. :Arts In A Triode Tube Circuit

D. Types of 7ias 1. 171::od P. Cathode 3. :rid-loniz 1!.. Contr,ct

VII. TSIOD: TU7;2. PA.HAMETELQ,

*k. The Triode Amplifier Circuit 1, Amplificntion 2. Input and output 3. Phase 4. VoltaGegain Tube Constants 1. Anplification factor 2. 3. Plate resistance

C. Dynamic Characteristics

D. The Dynamic Trnnsfor Curve 1. Construction of the curve 2. Slope of tho curve 1. Linearity of the curve 4. Cain formulas Classes of Amplifier Operation 1. Class A 2. Class B Class AB L. Class C VIII. VP434U1-: TIM.; Tfri-101X.3 PELTOMS isEST COPYAVAILABLE . Tetrodes 1. Construction Voltirc connections 3. Acctrostatic fields 4. Plato characteristic curves

B. Tetrode Tube Constants 1. 1-C plate resistnnee 2. Anplification factor 7. Trnnsconductance

C. Pentodes 1. Construction 2. Plate characteristic curve 3. Dynamic characteristics 4. Clr.ssification

BnE-POIT21.1 AKD MULTISECTION TUBES

A. Beam power tubes 1. Construction 2. The virtual cathode -. Dynamic load lines md transfer curves 5. Applications

B. The Duo-diode

C. The Diode-Triode

The Dual Triode

I'ULTIGRID AED SP2CIAL PURPOSE TUBES

A. rulti3rid Tubes 1. Structure of pentagrid tubes 2. Frequency conversion a. The pentagrid mixer b. The

B. Subminiature, ('as- filled and Thyratron Tubes 1. Subminiature tubes 2. Gas-filled rezlulator tubes ". VR tubes 4. Thyratron tubes f 6 :lototubon -nd _Joctron-;t^;; 1. Illototubou Construction BEST COPY AVAILABLE b. 3onsitIvity c. Distortion U. Photomultip!lors G. !1pplio7.tions

indientors

The C!:thodo arty Tub() 1, ::Itrvoture Yocusin.7 d nocolorntinthu bean Doneotion '2ootrostntic b. 7nootromnotic Hi:h-froquoncy Tubes 1. '.corn tubes 2. ..1rhtliouse tubes 3. Tho ystron

. I: : BEST COPY AVAILABLE

0.3(.1r. r.::

.ric

1. ::\Anci%mentrls : . 3_at ....ralck C', Circuitz Vol. IIIL.co Corporation, 19u6.

r. ::iunlenent to 7-`uncinr.entz.1z of A. C. rend C. Cir- cultz..nrl.rs.Ln. Vol.7.1. 11 1rde1thi:4: -e57,77711on, 1963.

`.'.1'a ca Seniconducto :Aandmentnis. Vol. .J1. rhInTOTFEE771inG7777553;11717719 9.

3.4nnlenent to Vaculwl Tube :zdSemiconductor Pundn- yelE31.1. von III.Pi...ao..nneicocor- por.71"Mn, 196c..

K. Coo::e, Lolson !:e.thematics for i0.ectronic:.:. 2nd ou. "7ork: 300k Company, irc. 1960. Fn. 617.

u. :,thaticr.. for illectronico. :.st od. Count::. iublic : :shoo =s, 1970.

7. :student 2cetro _co :Eandbook. Da- do County Public Se.lools, 19.9.

Supplementary References:

8. Suffern, Vaurice n. Principles.3nsic 3rd Electrical ed.NetW-HI3ock and Electronic Company, Inc., 1962. Pp. 604.

7*t.Departement of the Air Force. FUndamentis oV Electronics (Af) Manual 101-8) Waratun,D. C.: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1957. '. °p Ip 1.148. IC. United States Department of theArmy. Basic Theory and 4pplication of Elq9tron :ubes. (TN 11,661). Washington, D. C.: United7States C;overnment Print- ing Office, 1952. Fp. 215. RFST Cnny AV AILAI3LE :11T1 Or der'] !umber

Pilmr:

11. .;.trinut.: Tubc: iiow It 1 -----17717777717---Sound. 190. UnItPd World Film, Inc. 1-12974

12. Diode Principles and Applications. 16 mm. 17 min. B/W Sound. 1-945. United World Films, Inc. 1-129d

11 Electromagnetic Cathode 42yTube. Theora. of Operation. 16 mm. 20 min. B/W Sound. 1958. United World Fi]ms, Inm.1-11'07

lh. Frincioles of r;as Filled Tubes. 16 mm. 15 min. B/W. Sound. United world Films, Inc.

15. Ihotoelectric Effect. 16 mm. 30 min. Big. Sound. 1962. ncyclopedia Britannica Films, Inc. 1-107-17

16. Picture Tube Lm losions. 16 mm. 10 min. B W. Sound. 19 Iowa State College, Visual Instruction Service. 1-05587

17. T'Aned Circuits. 16 mm. 28 min. B/W. Sound. 1543. United World Films, Inc.1-.

Ifacuum Tubes: Electron Theor and Diode Tubes. 1 mm. 1 n. B W. Sound. 9477 United World Films,Inc. 1 -1 -J1 74 1c. Vacuum Tubes: rlriode and Multi u ose Tubes. 1 mm. 1 m n. BW. Sound. TWf:United World Films, Inc. 1-1"-192 fkFI Qulnmester Post Test Sample POST TEST for C1:1CMS %2D INT;i0DUC5ici 9325.0

1. At the resonant frequency, - series R-L-C circuit appears as a (nn) a. or.en circuit b. resistive circuit c. short circuit d. reactive circuit

2. In n series-resonant circuit the capncitive reactance i::: a. maximum b. minimum c. eclual to the inductive reactance d. in phase with the inductive reactance

3. A series resonant circuit containsan of 100 ohms, an of 100 ohms, and an R of 10 ohms. Its the applied vol- tage is 100 , what is the voltageacross the induc- tor': a. erk-) volts b. 1G0 volts c. 141 volts d. 1000 volts

L. The current at resonance ina series R-L-C circuit is one ampere. The current at the half-power points is: a. 1.5 amperes b. 1.414 amneres c. 500 milliamperes d. 707 milliamperes

5. If the . of a circuit is 12 and the resonant frequency is 9.6 mc, whit is the bandwidth? a. 10.L mc b. 800 kc c. 8.8 mc d. kc

6. the effect of adding resistance toa series resonant cir- cuit is to: f-l decrease the resonant frequency b. increase the discrimination of the circuit c. broaden the frequency response d. increase the voltage across the circuit

7. The bandwidth of a series resonantR-L-C circuit: n. vflries directlyas b. v,Iriec inversely as the resistance c. is not related to d. vr%ries directly as the resistance

-10- 8. in wirallel circuit, one branch nontnins nr or 9J ohms, the second branch an:4, of 90 ullms, and the third branch is resistive. The total circuit impedance is: a. inductive b. resistive c. inductive and resistive d. capacitive and resistive 8t COPY 9. At parallel resonance: AVAILABLE a. circuit impedance is minimum b. circuit current is minimum c. the circuit is inductive d. the circuit is capacitive

10. A pnrallel resonant circuit is often referredto as: a. an ideal circuit b. a tank circuit c. a complex circuit d. a reflex circuit

11. In a parallel resonant circuit, atresonance, the impe- dance is: a. maximum b. minimum c. equal to the resistance of the circuit d. equal to the reactance of the circuit

12. In a parallel resonant circuit, atresonance, the line current is: a. maximum b. minimum c. 180° out of phase with applied voltage d. 900 out of phase with the applied voltage

1=. In a parallel resonant circuit, atresonance, the circu- latinr current is: a. maximum b. minimum c. equal to the line current d. there is no circulating current

14. A parallel circuit at resonance is characterizedby: n. high circuit current b. high branch current c. hi!her voltage than applied voltage d. low branch voltage

15. Mn a parallel tank circuit, the generatoris tuned below its resonant frequency, the totalimpedance is: a. decreased and inductive b. increased and capacitive c. decreased and capacitive d. increased and inductive 16. Circuit current in a practien1 parallel resonant ccircuit is never ;:ero because: BEST a. rrictical circuits are never resonant OPYAVAILABLE b. every circuit component has some resistance c. current is constantly bein exchanged between T.and C (I. reactc.neo never reaches nn absolute minimum

17. In n 11.)rallel resonant circuit, the ;enerator Is operating above resonance, the phase angle is positive because the circuit nets like (an): a. inductance in series with a resistor b. resistor c. in series with a resistor d. inductance

18. In tunin7; a hich-r1 parallel tank circuit from the point of resonance, the line- current meter would: a. h-ve n sharpe rise in reading b. have no change in reading: c. read zero d. have a sharp drop in readinc

19. The inductive reactance of n parallel resonant circuit is 4800 ohms. If the resistance of the coil is 160 ohms, what is the q of the circuit? a. T3 b. 20 c. 76.5 d. 130

?O. A parallel circuit resonant at 115 mc has a bandwidth of 300 kc. In order to double the bandwidth, the q of the circuit should be: n. b. 72 c. 92 d. 144

21. What is the resonant frequency of a parallel cir- cuit if the capacitance is 1 micro-microfarad and the inductance is 1 microbenry? -. 61 mc. b. 159 mc. c. 1000 mc. a. 6250 me.

22. A parnllel circuit is resonant at 98 megacycles. If the of the circuit is 56, how wide is the bank of frequen- cies it rejects? n. 99.75 mc. b. 0.57 me. c. 1.75 mc. d. 96.25 mc.

-12- BEST COPYAVAILABLE

21. in aeries circuit, = a.5 nh, .11 ufd, a - 46 ohms, fr n. '11.9 Min

b. -14 iii,,, c.

d. 15.7 LII:;

24. In a nlrallel circuit;, .1 ufd, Cr = 1.77 KHz, R = 150 ohms, L n. ,3("i mh b. mh c. 2.":1 mh d. 126 uh

25. In a parallel R-L-C circuit, F.= 20 uh, C = 43.1 uufd, R = /1. ohms, fr = a. 160 niz b. 2360 c. 1600 KHn d. 2.1 MHz

26. If the phase angles between the voltnCe Pild currentare Hero in a transformer, the transformer is connected tor: no resistive and capacitive load b. resistive and inductive load c. resistive to

; ?7. The major difference between an autotransformer andn conventional transformer is: the use of an iron core b. step-wo possibilities c. copper losses d. the use of only one windinc

23. In a conventional transformer,power is transferred from the primary to the secondary by: n. self-induction b. conduction c. mutual-induction d. transconductance

29. A center-tapped transformer secondary is usually used to: rto obtain a high and low value of secondary voltailt from a single-voltage source b. deliver two equal voltages of opposite phase c. double the voltage available at the secondaryof thc; transformer d. deliver two equal in-phase voltages 30. ener7y is transferred from one circuit to onother Mien impedance of the source: f). oqu!As the impodnnce of the 'load b. Is ,.renter tirin the imnednnce of the lor,0 c. lc'(%;t; tLin the imedance of the le!!li 8E,Si COPYAVAILABLE d. twist ton tirloo tilt'impethince or ti o M. Copper looses !Ire: n . losses due to the corn materinl b. losses due to magneti7.in!: effects c. D. C. resistance losses d. A. C. resistance losses

.;c1cly currents are: 9. currents set up in the core of the transformer b. out of rhase currents in the secondary c. current flowin in the primary when the secondnry is unloded d. current flowim; in the secondary when no current flow:, in the primnry

iTysteresis is: n . heat loss in a transformer b. loss due to loose laminations c. 1-:;cin7 of the density behind the magnet:U..1,n.: force d. loss due to use of too smell to handle current

31L. autotransformer is: . rs..n automatic transformer b. designed to be used only in automobiles c. r transformer designed with only one windirc d. n trinsformer with multiple windings

K. The nowor r-tiir of trnnsformers is Oxen ir either tvq.t: or voltnmneres. Power in watts is equal to

b. cos 0 0. sin 0 d.

16. If the resistance in the secondary of a power transformcr is decronced, the current in the nrimary will: n . rennin the same b. decrease c. increase d. shift in phase from the volts fie BEST COPYAVAILABLE

37. A power :,1101fier hns nr imr,cdrinee of V6(!0 ohms. For a mAimiun rower tr.,nsfer tort voice voil_ of rt 6-ohm speaker, the riltchim tv,nsformr should hnve turns ratio of: ':' to 1 b. 4C to 1 c. 96 to 1 d. 3100 3. A transformer no -load h.:s 110 volts rcres2 the primary, 12 turns in the primary, and k0 turns in the secondary. The second:1'7 terminal voltage volts b. 3.66 volts c. lac) volts d. 146 volts

39. A transformer with no lossJs has 100 volts at 5 amperes np-olied to the primary. With 250 volts output in the secondary, what is the output current? n. 2 amperes b. 10 amperes c. 12 amperes d. 25 amperes

40. A transofission line has an output impedance of 2500 ohms. For ma;:imum rower transfer to a 100-ohm load, the matching transformer should have a: a. 5 to 1 step-down ratio b. 5 to 1 step-up ratio c. 25 to 1step-down ratio d. 25 to 1step-up ratio

41. The primary of a power transformer draws 4.6 amperes at 110 volts from the line, while the secondary has a load consuming; 2 amperes at 235 volts. What is the efficiency of the transformer:: ft. 93;; b. 9.29% c. 955 d. 1.075;

42. ! filter passes signals from nero to 150C cps and from 7000 ens upward. The filter is called a: n. low-pass filter b. hi: II-pass filter c. band-Pass filter d. band-rejection filter 43. TIi imnednnce in the series-Inesonant br. 1:cl: of a band-p-ss filter is: n. low in the rejection bands b. low in the sass band c. the same in the pass band as the impedance of the parallel-reson-mt branch in the pass band. d. high in the pass band

44. What type of filter is usually used to eliminate the rip- ple from a rectifier ? a. low-pass filter b. high-pass filter c. band-mtss filter d. band-reject filter

45. Emission of through the application of heat is known as: a. photoelectric emission b. emission c. d. thermionic emission

46. anission of electrons through the application of a hill notential is known as: a. photoelectric emission b. cold cathode emission c. secondary emission d. thermionic emission

47. Emission of electrons by the application of li:ht is known as: a. thermionic emission b. cold cathode mission c. photoelectric emission d. secondary emission

46. Eiission of electrons through impact is known as: a. secondary emission b. photoelectric emission c. cold cathode emission d. thermionic emission

49. The element within the v-cutup tube which emits electrons is called the: n. b. c. cathode d. heater 5C. Me most efficient tyna of cathode is tile: a. tum.sten b. o;dde coated c. thoriated d. pure nickel

51. In a directly heated cathode: a. heatinc, must be with A. C. current b. the heater and cathodeare one and the same c. only tungsten may be used d. the cathode is a metal cylinder

52. An indirectly heated cathode: n. requires longer warmup time b. is usually mode of tungsten c. must use D. C. current only d. is seldom used in receivingtype tubes

53. lunrsten and thoriated tungsten cathodesare usually used: a. in low power requirements b. in hi,11 power requirements c. in indirectly heatedcathodes d. in tubes for uortable radios

54. A two element tube is calleda: a. duo tube b. diode c. rectifier d. static tube

55. In a vacuum tube, current isconsidered to flow from: a. rlate to cathode b. heater to cathode c. cathode to plate

56. Flottin: variation in platecurrent vs. variation in plate voltage with the tubeoperating with no load will produce a: a. dynamic characteristiccurve b. static characteristiccurve c. straight line d. e:Kponential curve

57. The D. C. plate resistance ofa tube is: a. always constant b. expressed in ohm's c. Ep/In d. 58. Me A. C. r1::te resistince of !, tube is: 1wnys constant b. Et)/In BESTCOPY AVAILABLE C. De/di d. linonr

1 As the load on a vacuum tubeis increased, the dynamic characteristic curve: a. becomes more curved b. becomes strni.7-hter c. MA;:iMUM v!lue of currentdrawn increases d. causes a [Tent change inlord voltage 60. The ripple frequencof ahalf-w'nve rectifier is: n. twice the input frequency b. four tines the input frequency c. equal to the innut frequent;; d. a sine wave

6. Rectification is: n. changini; D. C. to A. C. b. chancing A. C. to D. C. c. chanrin:- one frequency to another frequency d. reactivatine the cathode to producemore electrons 62. A vacuum tube is said to be nefatively biased when: a. the is positive with respect to the cathode b. the control grid is negative with respect to the cathode. c. the control grid and the cathodeare the same rotential d, the control grid is positive with respect to the pTate

6. A vacuum tube will draw grid current when: . the control grid is negative with respect to the cathode b. the rlate is positive with respect to the enthode c. the plate is positive with respect to the control criu d. the control grid is positive with respect to the cathode

6b.. If the plate voltage of a triode is mademore positive: n1.1te current will increase b. plate current willdecreese c. 7rid current will increase d. there will be no effect on pl%te current 65. If the bins on the grid ofa triode vacuum tube is made more negative: a. the grid will draw current b. pl :te current willdecrease c. plate current will increase d. there will be no effect at all

66. When the bias ona vacuum tube is increased toa point where plate currentno longer flows, this point iscalled: a. roint of no return b. saturation point c. cutoff point d. limitinF point

67. The curves ofa triode that show the relationshipbetween plate voltage and platecurrent for constant valuesof a grid voltageare called: a. EgI curves b. grid characteristiccurves c. static transfer characteristiccurves d. E -I. curves

68. Bias, obtained by returningthe grid toa fixed source of potential, is called: a. grid-leak bias b. cathode bias c. fixed bias d. semiautomatic bias

69. A type of bias obtained by placinga resistor in the cathode circuit to make thecathode positive withrescect to the grid is called: a. grid -3eak bias b. cathode bias c. fixed bias d. resistor bias

70. The load resistance ofan amplifier: a. controls the platesupply voltage b. controls the grid voltagesignal c. has no effecton the gain of an amplifier d. has a marked effecton amplifier gain 71. The ratio ofa change in plate voltage,which causes a change in platecurrent, to the change ingrid voltage that will cause thesame change in plate current, called: is a. amplification factor b. transconductance c. plate resistance d. conversion transconductance 72. Amplification factor is also knownas: a. gm b. rp c. mu d. gain

7 . The ratio of a change in plate currentto the change in grid voltage, causing it atconstant plate voltage, is called: a. amplification factor b. plate resistance c. transconductance d. conversion transconductance

74. The ratio of a change in pltite voltage toa corresponding change in plate current is called: a. amplification factor b. transconductance c. conversion transconductance d. plate resistance

75. Transconductance is also knownas: a. gm b. rp c. mu d. gain

76. A graphical representation of the plate load resistance value drawn on the plate family of characteristiccurves is called: R. a tangent curve b. a c. a schematic diagram d. Ep - ip curve

77. A vacuum tube biased at approximately cutoffwould be operating: a. class A b. class B c. class C d. class D

78. In a class A amplifier, current flowsfor: a. 180° of the cycle b. 3600 of the cycle c. 90° of the cycle d. 100 of the cycle

79. A class C amplifier is biased: a. in the center ofa linear portion of the curve b. at or near cutoff c. 1.5 to 4 times cutoff d. at zero

-20- 80. The gain of an R C coupled vacuum tube amplifier a. is always greater than the mu of the tube b. is always equal to the mu of the tube c. can never exceed the mu of the tube d. can never be less than one

81. The effect of the is achieved ina beam power tetrode by: a. the beam forming plates b. the virtual cathode c. using lower plate voltage d. using a suppressor grid but calling itanother name 82. In a beam powertube, maximum power output is obtained when: a. the load isequal to r, b. the load isless than f, c. the load is3 times r, d. the voltageamplification is greater than 100

83. A tube containing two diodes andone triode is called: a. duodiode b. two diode- c. duodiode-triode d. multipurpose tube

81. Limitations of the triode tube usedas an amplifier at high frequencies is caused by: a. insufficient emission from the cathode b. interelectrode capacitance c. too small a grid structure d. two low a mu

85. A four element tube is called a: a. triode b. pentode c. diode d. tetrode

86. The region on the characteristiccurve where an increase in plate voltage producesa decrease in plate current, is called: a. the setback region b. the quiescent point c. the dynatron region d. the dynamic region

87. In comparison with a triode, the plate resistanceof a tetrode is: a. high b. low c. the same d. none of the above.

-21- 88. In comparison with a triode, the amplification factor of a pentode is: a. high b. low c. the same d. none of the above

89. The main drawback to a tetrode tube is: a. too hard to control plate current b. too low a mu to be practical c. secondary emission d. all of the above

90. The effects of secondary emissionare minimized by the addition of an additional grid in thetube. This grid is called: a. screen grid b. secondary grid c. control grid d. suppressor grid

91. Remote cutoff is a term associated with: a. diodes b. triodes c. tetrodes d. pentodes

92. In a sharp cutoff tube, the grid wiresare: a. unevenly spaced b. evenly spaced c. heavier than in other tubes d. made from electron emitting material

93. The screen gria of a vacuum tube is operated at: a. R negative potential with respect to cathode b. a positive potential with respect to cathode c. a positive potential with respect to the plate d. a negative potential with respect to thesuppressor grid

9L.. How does the action of the control grid ina thyratron differ from that of a highvacuum triode: a. when the discharge starts, the thyratrongrid loses control b. the thyratron grid retains controlthroughout the cycle c. the thyratron grid gains controlwhen the arc dis- charge begins d. the thyratron grid voltage isused to stop the arc discharge 95. The tube uses which principle of for its operation: n. nmnlitude b. velocity c. frequency d. phase

96. Another name for a lighthouse tube is: a. an b. a planar tube c. pentode tube d. a VR tube

97. What is the purp se of the conductive coating withinthe tube: a. return path for electrons striking the deflection plates b. return path for secondary emittedelectrons c. acts as a magnetic shield d. provides a uniform area for lightdistribution

98. Which element i3 referred toas the first electronic lens of a cathode ray tube: A. control grid b. screen grid c. focusing anode d. accelerating anode

99. How does the control grid ofa cathode ray tube differ from the control grid ofan amplifier tube: a. it is t.sed to control theamount of current b. it is always negative withrespect to the cathode c. it is with the exceptionof one small opening d. it cannot completely cut offthe flow of electrons

100. An advantage of gas filled rectifiersover high vacuum diode is that they: a. convert A. C. to pulsating D. C. b. convert D. C. to A. C. c. also emit a glow d. are capable of handling large currents 4.1; sWEit le. EY for BEST COPY AVAILABLE POST Ti: Win' ilESON4r!T CI?CUITS Vve,DINTRODUr.iloN TO VACLTITT.' 9325.0 1. B ;16. c 51. B (6. ta

2. C 27. D 52. A 77. B

3. D 28. C 53. B 73. B 4. D 29. B 54, 13 79. C 5. B A 55. c 80. C 6. C 31. C 56. B 81. 7. D 32. A 57. C 82. 8. D 33. C 58. C c 9. B C 59. B 614.. 10. B B 60. C

11. A 36. C 61. B d6. C 12. B 37. B 62. B 87. i3 1 ?. A B 63. D 88. A

114.. B 39. A 614.. A 89. C 15. A A 14.0. 65. B 90. 1) 16. 13 14.1. A 66. C 9.1. 1.)

17. C /4.2. D 67. D 92. _- 18. A 143. B 68. C 93. 3 B 19. 44 69. B 20. B 14-5. D 70. D 95. 21. B B 71. A 96. 22. C 14.7. C 72. C 97. 23. A 14.8. A 73. C 9e.

24.. 3 14.9. C 714.. D 99. C 25. C 50. B 75. A 100. D