Methods for Rearing Larval Decapod Crustacea
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Decapod Crustacean Grooming: Functional Morphology, Adaptive Value, and Phylogenetic Significance
Decapod crustacean grooming: Functional morphology, adaptive value, and phylogenetic significance N RAYMOND T.BAUER Center for Crustacean Research, University of Southwestern Louisiana, USA ABSTRACT Grooming behavior is well developed in many decapod crustaceans. Antennular grooming by the third maxillipedes is found throughout the Decapoda. Gill cleaning mechanisms are qaite variable: chelipede brushes, setiferous epipods, epipod-setobranch systems. However, microstructure of gill cleaning setae, which are equipped with digitate scale setules, is quite conservative. General body grooming, performed by serrate setal brushes on chelipedes and/or posterior pereiopods, is best developed in decapods at a natant grade of body morphology. Brachyuran crabs exhibit less body grooming and virtually no specialized body grooming structures. It is hypothesized that the fouling pressures for body grooming are more severe in natant than in replant decapods. Epizoic fouling, particularly microbial fouling, and sediment fouling have been shown r I m ans of amputation experiments to produce severe effects on olfactory hairs, gills, and i.icubated embryos within short lime periods. Grooming has been strongly suggested as an important factor in the coevolution of a rhizocephalan parasite and its anomuran host. The behavioral organization of grooming is poorly studied; the nature of stimuli promoting grooming is not understood. Grooming characters may contribute to an understanding of certain aspects of decapod phylogeny. The occurrence of specialized antennal grooming brushes in the Stenopodidea, Caridea, and Dendrobranchiata is probably not due to convergence; alternative hypotheses are proposed to explain the distribution of this grooming character. Gill cleaning and general body grooming characters support a thalassinidean origin of the Anomura; the hypothesis of brachyuran monophyly is supported by the conservative and unique gill-cleaning method of the group. -
Palaemonetes Kadiakensis Rathbun: Post Embryonic Growth in the Laboratory (Decapoda, Palaemonidae)
PALAEMONETES KADIAKENSIS RATHBUN: POST EMBRYONIC GROWTH IN THE LABORATORY (DECAPODA, PALAEMONIDAE) BY JERRY H. HUBSCHMAN and JO ANN ROSE Department of Biology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45431, U.S.A. and Franz Theodore Stone Laboratory, Put In Bay, Ohio, U.S.A. INTRODUCTION The study of larval development in decapod Crustacea has become continually refined during the past decade. Historically, the descriptive phases of larval development of marine decapods has been based upon the study of series collected in the plankton. In time, a wide range of species representing a number of decapod orders have been reared from egg to metamorphosis in the laboratory. As a result of this work, much of the variation in size and form observed in the plankton material has also been demonstrable in the laboratory. Five species of Eastern U.S. Palaemonete.r have been reared successfully through metamorphosis in the laboratory. These represent three marine forms: Palaemonete.r vulgaris (Say) and P. pugio Holthuis by Broad (1957a, b) and P. intermedius Holthuis by Broad & Hubschman (1962); and two freshwater species: Palaemonete.r k.adiaken.ri.r Rath- bun by Broad & Hubschman (1960, 1963) and P. paludo.ru.r (Gibbes) by Dobkin (1963). Broad ( 1957b) has demonstrated variation in molting frequency and duration of larval life as a function of diet. It is apparent that the sequence of morpholo- gical and physiological changes leading to metamorphosis bears no direct relation- ship to molting history. Indeed, the control mechanisms involved in both larval processes are not known. In adult shrimp, the initiation of molting is mediated by eyestalk hormones. -
Pandalus Jordani Range: Pink Shrimp Are Known to Inhabit Southeast
Fishery-at-a-Glance: Pink (Ocean) Shrimp Scientific Name: Pandalus jordani Range: Pink Shrimp are known to inhabit Southeast Alaska to San Diego, California, and most abundant off the coast of Oregon. Habitat: Pink Shrimp dwell in deep waters,150 to 1,200 feet (45.7 to 365.8 meters), aggregating near the bottom during the day in well-defined areas of muddy habitat called beds and ascending into the water column at night to feed. Size (length and weight): Pink Shrimp are fast-growing. Individual growth rates vary by sex, location, year class, season, and age. Mean carapace length for 1-, 2-, and 3-year- old shrimp ranges from 0.5 to 0.7 inches (13 to 17 millimeters), 0.7 to 1.0 inches (18 to 25 millimeters), and 1.0 to 1.1 inches (25 to 29 millimeters), respectively. Life span: Pink Shrimp are short-lived at approximately 5 years. In California, few shrimp survive beyond the fourth year. Reproduction: Pink Shrimp are protandric hermaphrodites, changing sex from males to females after approximately the first year and a half. Mating occurs during September to October. Prey: Pink Shrimp feed on zooplankton, including copepods and krill. Stomach contents have also included diatoms, sponges, polychaetes, amphipods, and isopods. Predators: Many commercially important fish species, including Pacific Hake (Merluccius productus), Arrowtooth Flounder (Atheresthes stomia), Sablefish (Anoploploma fimbria), Petrale Sole (Eopsetta jordani), Spiny Dogfish (Squalus acanthias), and several species of rockfish and skates prey on Pink Shrimp. Fishery: There is only a commercial fishery for Pink Shrimp. Point Conception divides the northern and southern management regions. -
Crayfishes and Shrimps) of Arkansas with a Discussion of Their Ah Bitats Raymond W
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science Volume 34 Article 9 1980 Inventory of the Decapod Crustaceans (Crayfishes and Shrimps) of Arkansas with a Discussion of Their aH bitats Raymond W. Bouchard Southern Arkansas University Henry W. Robison Southern Arkansas University Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas Part of the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons Recommended Citation Bouchard, Raymond W. and Robison, Henry W. (1980) "Inventory of the Decapod Crustaceans (Crayfishes and Shrimps) of Arkansas with a Discussion of Their aH bitats," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 34 , Article 9. Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol34/iss1/9 This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 34 [1980], Art. 9 AN INVENTORY OF THE DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS (CRAYFISHES AND SHRIMPS) OF ARKANSAS WITH A DISCUSSION OF THEIR HABITATS i RAYMOND W. BOUCHARD 7500 Seaview Avenue, Wildwood Crest, New Jersey 08260 HENRY W. ROBISON Department of Biological Sciences Southern Arkansas University, Magnolia, Arkansas 71753 ABSTRACT The freshwater decapod crustaceans of Arkansas presently consist of two species of shrimps and 51 taxa of crayfishes divided into 47 species and four subspecies. -
Summary Report of Freshwater Nonindigenous Aquatic Species in U.S
Summary Report of Freshwater Nonindigenous Aquatic Species in U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 4—An Update April 2013 Prepared by: Pam L. Fuller, Amy J. Benson, and Matthew J. Cannister U.S. Geological Survey Southeast Ecological Science Center Gainesville, Florida Prepared for: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Southeast Region Atlanta, Georgia Cover Photos: Silver Carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix – Auburn University Giant Applesnail, Pomacea maculata – David Knott Straightedge Crayfish, Procambarus hayi – U.S. Forest Service i Table of Contents Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................... ii List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................ v List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................ vi INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 1 Overview of Region 4 Introductions Since 2000 ....................................................................................... 1 Format of Species Accounts ...................................................................................................................... 2 Explanation of Maps ................................................................................................................................ -
South Carolina Department of Natural Resources
FOREWORD Abundant fish and wildlife, unbroken coastal vistas, miles of scenic rivers, swamps and mountains open to exploration, and well-tended forests and fields…these resources enhance the quality of life that makes South Carolina a place people want to call home. We know our state’s natural resources are a primary reason that individuals and businesses choose to locate here. They are drawn to the high quality natural resources that South Carolinians love and appreciate. The quality of our state’s natural resources is no accident. It is the result of hard work and sound stewardship on the part of many citizens and agencies. The 20th century brought many changes to South Carolina; some of these changes had devastating results to the land. However, people rose to the challenge of restoring our resources. Over the past several decades, deer, wood duck and wild turkey populations have been restored, striped bass populations have recovered, the bald eagle has returned and more than half a million acres of wildlife habitat has been conserved. We in South Carolina are particularly proud of our accomplishments as we prepare to celebrate, in 2006, the 100th anniversary of game and fish law enforcement and management by the state of South Carolina. Since its inception, the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR) has undergone several reorganizations and name changes; however, more has changed in this state than the department’s name. According to the US Census Bureau, the South Carolina’s population has almost doubled since 1950 and the majority of our citizens now live in urban areas. -
Checklist of the Crayfish and Freshwater Shrimp (Decapoda) of Indiana
2001. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science 110:104-110 CHECKLIST OF THE CRAYFISH AND FRESHWATER SHRIMP (DECAPODA) OF INDIANA Thomas P. Simon: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 620 South Walker Street, Bloomington, Indiana 47401 ABSTRACT. Crayfish and freshwater shrimp are members of the order Decapoda. All crayfish in In- diana are members of the family Cambaridae, while the freshwater shrimp belong to Palaemonidae. Two genera of freshwater shrimps, each represented by a single species, occur in Indiana. Palaemonetes ka- diakensis and Macrobrachium ohione are lowland forms. Macrobrachium ohione occurs in the Ohio River drainage, while P. kadiakensis occurs statewide in wetlands and lowland areas including inland lakes. Currently, 21 crayfish taxa, including an undescribed form of Cambarus diogenes, are found in Indiana. Another two species are considered hypothetical in occurrence. Conservation status is recommended for the Ohio shrimp Macrobrachium ohione, Indiana crayfish Orconectes indianensis, and both forms of the cave crayfish Orconectes biennis inennis and O. i. testii. Keywords: Cambaridae, Palaemonidae, conservation, ecology The crayfish and freshwater shrimp belong- fish is based on collections between 1990 and ing to the order Decapoda are among the larg- 2000. Collections were made at over 3000 lo- est of Indiana's aquatic invertebrates. Crayfish calities statewide, made in every county of the possess five pair of periopods, the first is mod- state, but most heavily concentrated in south- ified into a large chela and dactyl (Pennak ern Indiana, where the greatest diversity of 1978; Hobbs 1989). The North American species occurs. families, crayfish belong to two Astacidae and The current list of species is intended to Cambaridae with all members east of the Mis- provide a record of the extant and those ex- sissippi River belong to the family Cambari- tirpated from the fauna of Indiana over the last dae (Hobbs 1974a). -
Pesticide Toxicity Index for Freshwater Aquatic Organisms, 2Nd Edition
Pesticide Toxicity Index for Freshwater Aquatic Organisms, 2nd Edition By Mark D. Munn, Robert J. Gilliom, Patrick W. Moran, and Lisa H. Nowell National Water-Quality Assessment Program Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5148 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior Dirk Kempthorne, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey P. Patrick Leahy, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2006 Revised and reprinted: 2006 For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services Box 25286, Denver Federal Center Denver, CO 80225 For more information about the USGS and its products: Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/ Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report. Suggested reference: Munn, M.D., Gilliom, R.J., Moran, P.W., and Nowell, L.H., 2006, Pesticide toxicity index for freshwater aquatic organisms, 2nd Edition: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5148, 81 p. iii FOREWORD The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is committed to providing the Nation with accurate and timely scien- tific information that helps enhance and protect the overall quality of life and that facilitates effective management of water, biological, energy, and mineral resources (http://www.usgs.gov/). Information on the quality of the Nation’s water resources is critical to assuring the long-term availability of water that is safe for drinking and recreation and suitable for industry, irrigation, and habitat for fish and wildlife. -
Assessing the Impacts of Shrimp Fishing On
ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF SHRIMP FISHING ON SABELLARIA SPINULOSA REEF AND ASSOCIATED BIODIVERSITY IN THE WASH AND NORTH NORFOLK SAC, INNER DOWSING RACE BANK NORTH RIDGE SAC AND SURROUNDING AREAS PILOT STUDY Kim Last1, Vicki Hendrick1, Ian Sotheran2, Bob Foster-Smith2, Dan Foster-Smith2, and Zoë Hutchison1 Final Report for Natural England May 2012 1 SAMS Research Services Ltd. 2 Envision Scottish Association of Marine Science Stephenson House Scottish Marine Institute Horsley Business Centre Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA Horsley, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE15 0NY Impacts of shrimp fishing on S. spinulosa reef TABLE OF CONTENTS Background ................................................................................................................................... 4 Aims .............................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 4 Strategy ......................................................................................................................................... 8 Sampling Design ........................................................................................................................... 9 Equipment ................................................................................................................................... 10 Multibeam (Interferometric Bathymetry System) .................................................................... -
De Grave & Fransen. Carideorum Catalogus
De Grave & Fransen. Carideorum catalogus (Crustacea: Decapoda). Zool. Med. Leiden 85 (2011) 407 Fig. 48. Synalpheus hemphilli Coutière, 1909. Photo by Arthur Anker. Synalpheus iphinoe De Man, 1909a = Synalpheus Iphinoë De Man, 1909a: 116. [8°23'.5S 119°4'.6E, Sapeh-strait, 70 m; Madura-bay and other localities in the southern part of Molo-strait, 54-90 m; Banda-anchorage, 9-36 m; Rumah-ku- da-bay, Roma-island, 36 m] Synalpheus iocasta De Man, 1909a = Synalpheus Iocasta De Man, 1909a: 119. [Makassar and surroundings, up to 32 m; 0°58'.5N 122°42'.5E, west of Kwadang-bay-entrance, 72 m; Anchorage north of Salomakiëe (Damar) is- land, 45 m; 1°42'.5S 130°47'.5E, 32 m; 4°20'S 122°58'E, between islands of Wowoni and Buton, northern entrance of Buton-strait, 75-94 m; Banda-anchorage, 9-36 m; Anchorage off Pulu Jedan, east coast of Aru-islands (Pearl-banks), 13 m; 5°28'.2S 134°53'.9E, 57 m; 8°25'.2S 127°18'.4E, an- chorage between Nusa Besi and the N.E. point of Timor, 27-54 m; 8°39'.1 127°4'.4E, anchorage south coast of Timor, 34 m; Mid-channel in Solor-strait off Kampong Menanga, 113 m; 8°30'S 119°7'.5E, 73 m] Synalpheus irie MacDonald, Hultgren & Duffy, 2009: 25; Figs 11-16; Plate 3C-D. [fore-reef (near M1 chan- nel marker), 18°28.083'N 77°23.289'W, from canals of Auletta cf. sycinularia] Synalpheus jedanensis De Man, 1909a: 117. [Anchorage off Pulu Jedan, east coast of Aru-islands (Pearl- banks), 13 m] Synalpheus kensleyi (Ríos & Duffy, 2007) = Zuzalpheus kensleyi Ríos & Duffy, 2007: 41; Figs 18-22; Plate 3. -
The Herpetological Journal
Volume 2, Number 3 July 1992 ISSN 0268-0130 THE HERPETOLOGICAL JOURNAL Published by Indexed in THE BRITISH HERPETOLOGICAL SOCIETY Current Contents The Herpetological Journal is published quarterly by the British Herpetological Society and is issued free to members. Applications to purchase copies and/or for details of membership should be made to the Hon. Secretary, British Herpetological Society, The Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NWl 4RY, U.K. Instructions to authors are printed inside the back cover. All contributions should be addressed to the Editor (address below), Editor: Richard A. Griffiths, The Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, The University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NX, U.K. Assistant Editor: Margret M. Bray, Department of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, Wye College (University of London), Nr. Ashford, Kent, TN25 5AH, UK. Editorial Board: Pim Arntzen (Leicester) Donald Broadley (Zimbabwe) John Cooper (Tanzania) John Davenport (Millport) Tim Halliday (Milton Keynes) Michael Klemens (New York) Colin McCarthy (London) Andrew Milner (London) Henk Strijbosch (Nijmegen) Richard Tinsley (London) BRITISH HERPETOLOGICAL SOCIETY Copyright It is a fundamental condition that submitted manuscripts have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree that the copyright for their article is transferred to the publisher if and when the article is accepted for publication. The copyright covers the exclusive rights to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints and photographic reproductions. Permission for any such activities must be sought in advance from the Editor. ADVERTISEMENTS The Herpetological Journal accepts advertisements subject to approval of contents by the Editor, to whom enquiries should be addressed. -
Crustacean Phylogeny…? Nauplius • First Larva Stage of Most “It Can Be Concluded That Crustacean Crustaceans
Bio 370 Crustacea Main arthropod clades (Regier et al 2010) Phylum Arthropoda http://blogs.discoverm • Trilobita agazine.com/loom/201 0/02/10/blind-cousins- Subphylum (or Class) Crustacea to-the-arthropod- • Chelicerata superstars/ Mostly aquatic, with calcified exoskeleton. • Mandibulata – Myriapoda (Chilopoda, Diplopoda) Head derived from acron plus next five segments- so primitively has 5 pairs of appendages: – Pancrustacea • Oligostraca (Ostracoda, Branchiura) -2 pair antennae • Altocrustacea - 1 pair of jaws – Vericrustacea - 2 pair of maxillae » (Branchiopoda, Decapoda) - usually a median (cyclopean) eye and – Miracrustacea one pair of compound eyes » Xenocarida (Remipedia, Cephalocarida) » Hexapoda Tagmosis of trunk varies in different taxa Crustacean phylogeny…? Nauplius • first larva stage of most “It can be concluded that crustacean crustaceans. phylogeny remains essentially unresolved. • three pairs of appendages • single median (naupliar) eye Conflict is rife, irrespective of whether one compares different morphological studies, molecular studies, or both.” Appendages: Jenner, 2010: Arthropod Structure & Development 39:143– -1st antennae 153 -2nd antennae - mandibles 1 Bio 370 Crustacea Crustacean taxa you should know Remipede habitat: a sea cave “blue hole” on Andros Island. Seven species are found in the Bahamas. Class Remipedia Class Malacostraca Class Branchiopoda “Peracarida”-marsupial crustacea Notostraca –tadpole shrimp Isopoda- isopods Anostraca-fairy shrimp Amphipoda- amphipods Cladocera- water fleas Mysidacea- mysids Conchostraca- clam shrimp “Eucarida” Class Maxillopoda Euphausiacea- krill Ostracoda- ostracods Decapoda- decapods- ten leggers Copepoda- copepods Branchiura- fish lice Penaeoidea- penaeid shrimp Cirripedia- barnacles Caridea- carid shrimp Astacidea- crayfish & lobsters Brachyura- true crabs Anomura- false crabs “Stomatopoda”– mantis shrimps Class Remipedia Remipides found only in sea caves in the Caribbean, the Canary Islands, and Western Australia (see pink below).