DOCSLIB.ORG

Manual for Standards and Specifications for Railway Stations

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS (RAILWAY BOARD) GOVERNMENT OF INDIA DEVELOPMENT OF WORLD CLASS STATIONS THROUGH PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP MANUAL FOR STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS FOR RAILWAY STATIONS June 2009 MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS (RAILWAY BOARD) GOVERNMENT OF INDIA DEVELOPMENT OF WORLD CLASS STATIONS THROUGH PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP MANUAL FOR STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS FOR RAILWAY STATIONS June 2009 Volume one of two This is the technical document which has been produced by the Land & Amenities Directorate; Railway Board (Ministry of Railways). No deviation of these standards will take place without Board Permission. In Board, the final nodal authority is Advisor (Land & Amenities). For any further technical clarifications and discrepancies, if any please contact: Advisor (L& A) Ministry of Railways Rail Bhawan New Delhi 110001 Published by the Land & Amenities Directorate; Railway Board (Ministry of Railways). Advisor (L& A) Ministry of Railways Rail Bhawan New Delhi 110001 Printed by Bansal Electrostat G-6 Siddhartha Building 96 , Nehru place New De lhi 110019 June 2009 Manual of Standards and Specifications for Railway Stations Table of Contents CONTENTS (Volume 1 of 2) Foreword iv Preface v Acknowledgements vi List of Acronyms and Abbreviations vii List of Figures xi List of Tables xii SECTION 1.0 GENERAL, CODES AND CONDITIONS 1 SECTION 2.0 PLANNING AND DESIGN PRINCIPALS 16 SECTION 3.0 PLATFORM GEOMETRY AND SERVICES 27 SECTION 4.0 STATION DESIGN 4.1 INTRODUCTION 33 4.2 SAFETY & SECURITY 35 4.3 HANDICAP ACCESSIBILITY 49 4.4 MODULAR ELEMENTS APPROACH 54 4.5 STATION LAYOUT AND CIRCULATION 4.5.1 Introduction 58 4.5.2 Goals and Objectives 58 4.5.3 General Design Factors 60 4.5.4 Station Components 64 4.5.5 Parking and Vehicular Circulation 86 4.5.6 Concession and Commercial Areas 89 4.5.7 Sustainable Development Strategies 90 4.6 MATERIALS AND FINISHES 92 4.7 LIGHTING 102 4.8 ACOUSTICS 112 4.9 SIGNAGE AND GRAPHICS 120 4.10 ART AND ADVERTISING 128 4.11 FURNITURE, FIXTURE AND EQUIPMENT 133 i Manual of Standards and Specifications for Railway Stations SECTION 5.0 STATION SERVICES 5.1. GENERAL 143 5.2. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT & ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS 145 5.3. PARCEL STORAGE AND PARCEL MOVEMENT 157 5.4. SUPPORT SERVICE AREAS 160 5.5. UTILITY INTERFACE AND INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS 5.5.1. Codes and Standards 172 5.5.2. Goals and Objectives 173 5.5.3. Utility Routing 173 5.5.4. Utility Adjacency Requirements 176 5.5.5. Electrical infrastructure 177 5.5.6. Plumbing and firefighting 189 5.5.7. Heating ventilation and air conditioning 200 SECTION 6.0 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE 209 SECTION 7.0 CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT 7.1 GENERAL 218 7.2 USE OF THE SITE 219 7.3 STAGING PLAN 224 7.4 DIVERSION PLAN 226 7.5 SAFETY REQUIREMENTS DURING CONSTRUCTION 228 7.6 CONCESSIONAIRE’S LABOUR CAMP 240 7.7 CONCESSIONAIRE’S MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 241 7.8 SITE INSPECTIONS 252 7.9 SAFETY, HEALTH, AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERSONNEL AND SERVICES 254 7.10 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE (O&M) MANUALS 255 Indexing: - 256 Bibliography: - 260 ii Manual of Standards and Specifications for Railway Stations CONTENTS (Volume 2 of 2) Foreword iv Preface v Acknowledgements vi List of Acronyms and Abbreviations vii List of Figures xi List of Tables xii List of annexure:- Number Section Title Page no. Annexure I 4.3 Relevant Extracts from ADA Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities (ADAAG) 262 Annexure II 4.9 Signage for Rail Users Ministry of Railways 289 Annexure III 4.9 International transportation graphic standard signs 359 Annexure IV 4.11 Telecom Directorate spec. RDSO/SPN/TC/67/2008 for True Colour Video-cum-Train Information Display system 421 Annexure V 4.11 Telecom Directorate spec. RDSO/SPN/TC/62/2007 for digital clock with GPS Synchronization 470 Annexure VI 4.11 Telecom Directorate spec. RDSO/SPN/TC/76/2008 for Analog clock with GPS Synchronization 499 Annexure VII 4.11 Telecom Directorate spec RDSO/SPN/TC/65/2006 for Surveillance system 525 Annexure VIII 4.11 Telecom Directorate spec. RDSO/SPN/TC/63/2006 for Public Address system 561 Annexure IX 4.11 Telecom Directorate spec. RDSO/SPN/TC/61/2007 for Integrated Passenger Information system 585 Annexure X 5.4 Ticket Booth configurations as in western railways 658 Annexure XI 5.5 Extracts from Comprehensive Guidelines for Passenger Amenities 662 Annexure XII 5.5 Relevant Extracts from Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 671 Annexure XIII 7 Relevant Extracts from CFR 29 673 Indexing: - 256 Bibliography: - 260 iii Manual of Standards and Specifications for Railway Stations FOREWORD In our endeavour to provide the best possible infrastructure for convenience and comfort of our passengers and other stakeholders, Indian railways have been improving the Railways Stations on a continuous basis. Towards this pursuit of excellence, L&A directorate has brought out this Manual of Standards and Specification for Railway Stations to be used for development of station into world class station through Public Private Partnership. The first of its kind, this manual has laid down set of guidelines, standards and specifications for the construction of new Railway Stations or Redevelopment of the existing Stations to bring them up to the International Standards in terms of efficiency of operations and providing the comfort and convenience to our passengers and the stakeholders. A number of stations of IR, located at metropolitan cities and important centers are identified for development through PPP route by leveraging a part of the real-estate development potential. Hon'ble Minister for Railways has already taken up an ambitious program of Redeveloping 26 station into world class station so far requiring huge investments. Most of these investments are expected to be realised through partnership with the private sector. Ensuring participation of the private sector in infrastructure development in a transparent manner requires specific framework. It requires a greater clarity on scope of work along with Expected performance parameters other than manageable level of risk and adequate service quality assurance at an affordable cost. This manual, I hope will serve this purpose by laying down the minimum standards that the MOR and the concessionaire will observe and expect on the matter of construction and management of these stations I hope that this manual will be of interest to all those who are interested in redeveloping the station, either new or existing through PPP route into world class station. I wish all success to them in their endeavour to achieve a world class facility at Railway Stations. June, 2009 Chairman, Railway Board iv Manual of Standards and Specifications for Railway Stations PREFACE The objective of developing Manual of Standards and Specifications for Railway Stations is to establish the bench marks for building either a new station or redevelop the existing Railway Stations into world class stations through PPP route. Manual will provide norms and guidance to future Station developers to build facilities comparable to International standards and yet remain unique to the socioeconomic, cultural and other needs of the Indian Railways and its customers. The Manual has been prepared with the intent to use it during the stage of development of master plan and feasibility report and later as a part of the Concession Agreement for Railway Stations, allowing the desired flexibility to the potential Concessionaires for innovation in design and construction at reduced life cycle costs while improving efficiencies of operations, performance, passenger comfort, and safety. By addressing a number of aspects of station design without dictating design and operational processes, the Manual provides direction and clear focus on issues and criteria that the Concessionaire needs to explore further in the design, operational philosophies and performance standards for passenger safety, security, comfort and desired levels of service. Manual also lays emphasis on modular, sustainable and environmentally responsible construction management approach. The Manual has been developed after extensive discussions and deliberations by team of international experts and officials of Indian Railways. Committee of Executive Directors associated with their Directors have gone through clause by clause of this manual and consider it as a living document which shall be improved after every experience gained to provide specific guidance for the redevelopment or construction of new Railway Stations to be taken next in hand in a manner that shall achieve greater clarity and crypt-ness in the description. I congratulate L&A directorate who have brought out this manual, the first of its kind with the help of Superior global infrastructure Consulting Pvt. Ltd, other directorates of the Board, NR project team and Rail Land Development Authority in such a short time and wish all success to those who intends to use it. June, 2009 Member/Engineering, Railway Board v Manual of Standards and Specifications for Railway Stations ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Superior Global Infrastructure consulting (SGI) Pvt Ltd. express its heartfelt thanks to Ministry Of Railways, Government of India for bestowing the confidence in SGI for developing Manual for Standards and Specifications for Railways Stations to be used for development of stations into World Class Station through Public Private Partnership. SGI expresses its gratitude for the support and guidance of Shri Rakesh Chopra ME, Shri Satish Kumar Vij Ex-ME, other members of the Railway Board, and the steering group namely Shri V.K.Gupta Advisor L&A and other members of the group and their esteem colleague Shri R.P. Gupta Ex-VC, RLDA and Advisor (works), Railway Board. SGI would like to place on record the contribution of the member of Committee of Executive Directors/Railway Board namely Shri P.K Aggarwal, ED L&A , Shri A.K Singh, ED ME(chg) , Shri Gopal Gupta IG (RPSF), Shri R.C Adwal ED (Tele), Smt Manju Gupta ED(EEM), RK Tandon ED(PM) and Dr Pankaj Kapoor ED (Health Planning), whose guidance and feedback had helped shaped this document.
Recommended publications
  • Understanding Users' Satisfaction Towards Public Transit System In

    Understanding Users' Satisfaction Towards Public Transit System In

    International Journal of Geo-Information Article Understanding Users’ Satisfaction Towards Public Transit System in India: A Case-Study of Mumbai Rahul Deb Das 1,2 1 Department of Geography, University of Zurich, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland; [email protected] or [email protected] 2 IBM, Mies-van-der-Rohe-Strasse 6, 80807 Munich, Germany Abstract: In this work, we present a novel approach to understand the quality of public transit system in resource constrained regions using user-generated contents. With growing urban population, it is getting difficult to manage travel demand in an effective way. This problem is more prevalent in developing cities due to lack of budget and proper surveillance system. Due to resource constraints, developing cities have limited infrastructure to monitor transport services. To improve the quality and patronage of public transit system, authorities often use manual travel surveys. But manual surveys often suffer from quality issues. For example, respondents may not provide all the detailed travel information in a manual travel survey. The survey may have sampling bias. Due to close-ended design (specific questions in the questionnaire), lots of relevant information may not be captured in a manual survey process. To address these issues, we investigated if user-generated contents, for example, Twitter data, can be used to understand service quality in Greater Mumbai in India, which can complement existing manual survey process. To do this, we assumed that, if a tweet is relevant to public transport system and contains negative sentiment, then that tweet expresses user’s dissatisfaction towards the public transport service.
  • Lost Childhoods Report

    Lost Childhoods Report

    Lost Childhoods A study on platform children and other children in distress in India Prepared by Udita Das Submitted to the Paul Hamlyn Foundation India programme March 2013 1 Contents Contents Background 2 Methodology 5 Research findings 6 Future strategy ideas 34 Appendices I. Interventions on justice for children 36 II. NCPCR: Perspectives on protection of child rights 42 III. Khushboo Jain vs. Ministry of Railways 44 Forward > 2 Lost Childhoods: A study on platform children and other children in distress Background India is home to over 400 million children under 18 years old. These children make up more than 55 per cent of the population. Based on state police records in 2005, the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) stated that, on average, more than 44,000 children are reported missing in India each year. Around 11,000 of these children remain untraced.1 This number could actually be much higher, as many cases are never reported because the families of these children are from a marginalised background and do not have the ability to report the incident. It is estimated that there are 11 million street children living in India, most of whom live in and around railway stations. In Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata, approximately 100,000–125,000 street children figure in the lists of missing, runaway, abandoned or trafficked children.2 Without support, these children are at risk of various forms of abuse and a lack of rights that not only denies them a childhood, but also forces them to grow up fast. Approximately 70,000 children arrive on station platforms in India per year.
  • Make My Trip Trains Schedule

    Make My Trip Trains Schedule

    Make My Trip Trains Schedule Paperbound Erich slops parrot-fashion. Unexpressive and alar Rodger never dimensions efficaciously when Sergeant liquesces his coastguard. Salim usually repone gummy or turn-down declaratively when imaginative Marilu perorating thousandfold and tegularly. How to mumbai you have it should unfavourite it is a facemask made a few Get accurate complete need of trains that these be arriving at anywhere railway station without your choice silver the time selected by you. Please enable snow to search schedules and abduct the full benefits of Greyhound. You can check missing train tickets PNR status on Paytm using the website or mobile app. List the deboarding stations in Delhi from Pune? Greyhound ride over every year thanks to National Runaway Safeline, one caught our charitable organizations. List the deboarding stations in Bangalore from Delhi? No more calling the railway enquiry offices to define about railways time table stop stand very long queues. Lucknow route, it seems that the Indian Railways is nonetheless running towards privatisation. Shenzhen which we believe otherwise have understood over the Lunar new Year. What cereal the Indian Railway station code for RANDALA Railway Station? Thinking look how to do access the same and exhaust it works? What view do in Ft. Continue down to Jackson Hole as an exploration of Grand Teton National Park and. Can discover Change your Train Booking? Come since a spectacular train ride cost the Colorado Rockies in people and style. Suggest the travel time by force between Mumbai to Delhi? TCG were very subject in making itself a cell process.
  • A Comparative Analysis of High-Speed Rail Station Development Into Destination and Multi-Use Facilities: the Case of San Jose Diridon

    A Comparative Analysis of High-Speed Rail Station Development Into Destination and Multi-Use Facilities: the Case of San Jose Diridon

    MTI A Comparative Analysis of Funded by U.S. Department of Services Transit Census California of Water 2012 High-Speed Rail Station Transportation and California Department of Transportation Development into Destination and Multi-Use Facilities: The Case of San Jose Diridon MTI ReportMTI 12-02 December 2012 MTI Report 12-75 MINETA TRANSPORTATION INSTITUTE MTI FOUNDER LEAD UNIVERSITY OF MNTRC Hon. Norman Y. Mineta The Mineta Transportation Institute (MTI) was established by Congress in 1991 as part of the Intermodal Surface Transportation MTI/MNTRC BOARD OF TRUSTEES Equity Act (ISTEA) and was reauthorized under the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st century (TEA-21). MTI then successfully competed to be named a Tier 1 Center in 2002 and 2006 in the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Founder, Honorable Norman Joseph Boardman (Ex-Officio) Diane Woodend Jones (TE 2019) Richard A. White (Ex-Officio) Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU). Most recently, MTI successfully competed in the Surface Transportation Extension Act of 2011 to Mineta (Ex-Officio) Chief Executive Officer Principal and Chair of Board Interim President and CEO be named a Tier 1 Transit-Focused University Transportation Center. The Institute is funded by Congress through the United States Secretary (ret.), US Department of Amtrak Lea+Elliot, Inc. American Public Transportation Transportation Association (APTA) Department of Transportation’s Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology (OST-R), University Transportation Vice Chair
  • Locolines Edition 57

    Locolines Edition 57

    DIVISIONAL EXECUTIVE DIVISIONAL SECRETARY: Marc Marotta 0414 897 314 DIVISIONAL PRESIDENT: Terry Sheedy 0417 310 400 DIVISIONAL ASSIST. SECRETARY: Jim Chrysostomou 0404 814 141 DIVISIONAL VICE PRESIDENT: John Marotta 0414 864 702 DIVISIONAL DELEGATES Metropolitan Sub-division: Kevin Duggan 0404 811 589 Paris Jolly 0422 790 624 Pacific National Sub-division: Peter Laux 0417 526 544 Pacific National (ex Freight) Sub-division: James Styles 0427 018 963 Passenger Sub-division: Wayne Hicks 0407 035 282 Judge says train driver breached duty of care . Full article Page 3 JUNE 2013 LOCO LINES Conten ts LLOCOOCO LLINESINES EDITION 57 Marc Marotta—Loco Div Secretary 3 JUNE 2013 Loco Lines is published by the Terry Sheedy—Branch / Div President 8 Locomotive Division of the Australian Rail, Tram & Bus Industry Union – Victorian Branch. See the bottom of this Jim Chrysostomou— Assist. Secretary 10 page for the Locomotive Division’s business address, telephone, e-mail and website Paris Jolly— Metro. Sub-Div Sec. 11 details. Loco Lines is distributed free to all financial members of the Wayne Hicks— V/ Line Pass Report 13 Locomotive Division. Retired Enginemen also receive the magazine for free. It is made available to non-members at a Nelsons Column 14 cost of $20.00 per year. Advertisements offering a specific benefit to Locomotive Signal Sighting Reports 28 Division members are published free of charge. Heritage groups are generally not charged for advertising or tour information. Talkback from Hinch 30 Views or opinions expressed in published contributions to Loco Scholarships 31 Lines are not necessarily those of the Union Office. We also reserve the right to alter or delete text for legal or other Where Is It …? 32 purposes.
  • The Urban Rail Development Handbook

    The Urban Rail Development Handbook

    DEVELOPMENT THE “ The Urban Rail Development Handbook offers both planners and political decision makers a comprehensive view of one of the largest, if not the largest, investment a city can undertake: an urban rail system. The handbook properly recognizes that urban rail is only one part of a hierarchically integrated transport system, and it provides practical guidance on how urban rail projects can be implemented and operated RAIL URBAN THE URBAN RAIL in a multimodal way that maximizes benefits far beyond mobility. The handbook is a must-read for any person involved in the planning and decision making for an urban rail line.” —Arturo Ardila-Gómez, Global Lead, Urban Mobility and Lead Transport Economist, World Bank DEVELOPMENT “ The Urban Rail Development Handbook tackles the social and technical challenges of planning, designing, financing, procuring, constructing, and operating rail projects in urban areas. It is a great complement HANDBOOK to more technical publications on rail technology, infrastructure, and project delivery. This handbook provides practical advice for delivering urban megaprojects, taking account of their social, institutional, and economic context.” —Martha Lawrence, Lead, Railway Community of Practice and Senior Railway Specialist, World Bank HANDBOOK “ Among the many options a city can consider to improve access to opportunities and mobility, urban rail stands out by its potential impact, as well as its high cost. Getting it right is a complex and multifaceted challenge that this handbook addresses beautifully through an in-depth and practical sharing of hard lessons learned in planning, implementing, and operating such urban rail lines, while ensuring their transformational role for urban development.” —Gerald Ollivier, Lead, Transit-Oriented Development Community of Practice, World Bank “ Public transport, as the backbone of mobility in cities, supports more inclusive communities, economic development, higher standards of living and health, and active lifestyles of inhabitants, while improving air quality and liveability.
  • Railway Budget 1996-97 — General Discussion And

    Railway Budget 1996-97 — General Discussion And

    393 Railway Budget, 1996-97 and SRAVANA 3. 1918 (Saka) Demands for Grants on Account (Rly) 394 (vi) Industrial Disputes (Amendment) Bill. that this new railway track would be laid Bastar 1996. (As passed by Rajya Sabha) has large forest wealth and the mineral wealth but no railway line has been provided there. The (4) General Discussion on the Budget (General) tor construction of new railway line will open up new 1996-97. dimensions of development and it can benefit the SC- Tuesday, 30th July 1996 ST people (1) Reply ot Minister of Railways Madam seven successive Railway Ministers had (2) Submission to the vote of the House Demands promised in their Railway Budgets laying of Dina - for Grants for Railways for 1996-97 and Purvai - Mahava- Chowpata - Siroj - Beavara railway consideration and passing of the relevant line for which survey was ordered Half the survey has Appropriation Bill been completed But what is the use of half survey Similarly, there is Guna - Shiopuri - Bhind - Etawah (3) General Discussion on the Budget (General) for railway line and the Railway Minister have been 1996-97 repeatedly assuring its completion But this Budget does I am calling the next speaker In the meantime if . not include any provision for this rail track The Lalitpur there is any correction to be made. I will let the hon - Khajuraho - Singrauli track was sanctioned in 1981- Members know 82 I would like to know from the hon ble Railway Minister when this line will be taken up for construction Now I call upon Shri Shivraj Singh to speak The Korba-Ranchi line is pending for the last 12 years and a sum of Rs 80 crore has been spent on the survey of it but no action has been taken to start work 00.12 hrs.
  • Enhancing Interoperability for Facilitation of International Railway Transport

    Enhancing Interoperability for Facilitation of International Railway Transport

    ENHANCING INTEROPERABILITY FOR FACILITATION OF INTERNATIONAL RAILWAY TRANSPORT This study was prepared by Transport Division ESCAP. The draft of the study was prepared by Mr. Vasile-Neculai OLIEVSCHI, Consultant, under the supervision of Mr. Sandeep Raj Jain, Economic Affairs Officer, Transport Division ESCAP. The views expressed in this guide are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Secretariat. The opinions, figures and estimates set forth in this guide are the responsibility of the authors, and should not necessarily be considered as reflecting the views or carrying the endorsement of the United Nations. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this study do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Mention of firm names and commercial products does not imply the endorsement of the United Nations. This study is issued without formal editing. ______________________ ENHANCING INTEROPERABILITY FOR FACILITATION OF INTERNATIONAL RAILWAY TRANSPORT Bangkok, 2018 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................... 1 I. BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................................... 3 II. ASIAN
  • Object Detection at Level Crossing Using Deep Learning

    Object Detection at Level Crossing Using Deep Learning

    micromachines Article Object Detection at Level Crossing Using Deep Learning Muhammad Asad Bilal Fayyaz * and Christopher Johnson Department of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 4 September 2020; Accepted: 28 November 2020; Published: 29 November 2020 Abstract: Multiple projects within the rail industry across different regions have been initiated to address the issue of over-population. These expansion plans and upgrade of technologies increases the number of intersections, junctions, and level crossings. A level crossing is where a railway line is crossed by a road or right of way on the level without the use of a tunnel or bridge. Level crossings still pose a significant risk to the public, which often leads to serious accidents between rail, road, and footpath users and the risk is dependent on their unpredictable behavior. For Great Britain, there were three fatalities and 385 near misses at level crossings in 2015–2016. Furthermore, in its annual safety report, the Rail Safety and Standards Board (RSSB) highlighted the risk of incidents at level crossings during 2016/17 with a further six fatalities at level crossings including four pedestrians and two road vehicles. The relevant authorities have suggested an upgrade of the existing sensing system and the integration of new novel technology at level crossings. The present work addresses this key issue and discusses the current sensing systems along with the relevant algorithms used for post-processing the information. The given information is adequate for a manual operator to make a decision or start an automated operational cycle.
  • ACCESSIBLE RAIL STATION PLATFORM INDEPENDENT GAP FILLER for of PERSONS with REDUCED MOBILITY Dr Emmanuel Matsika Mr

    ACCESSIBLE RAIL STATION PLATFORM INDEPENDENT GAP FILLER for of PERSONS with REDUCED MOBILITY Dr Emmanuel Matsika Mr

    ACCESSIBLE RAIL STATION PLATFORM INDEPENDENT GAP FILLER FOR OF PERSONS WITH REDUCED MOBILITY Dr Emmanuel Matsika Mr. Lingong Li Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK Email: [email protected] Abstract The enactment of the UK DDA 1995/2005 (now Equality Act 2010) and enforcement of the 2008 EC TSI for Persons with Reduced Mobility (PRM) (now TSI PRM 2014) have led to an increasing number of PRMs travelling by rail. Despite this, safety concerns exist as infrastructure managers and train operators adapt to new requirements for accessibility. For example, accidents which occur at the platform-train interface (PTI) can result in severe injuries. This paper reviews different gap fillers and provides a new design concept to resolve this challenge. The research applies science and technology to work toward promoting equal access of PRMs to transportation systems. It presents a boarding mechanism that helps PRMs to board and alight independently through automatically actuating platform-based ramp. It applies 3 degrees of freedom (DoF) for translation motion, and 2DoF for angular motion. A combination of these 5DoF ensure successful gap filling. The actuations are controlled by infrared and inductive sensors. The system is capable of moving 2m along the platform. It covers a maximum horizontal gap of 500mm and has a maximum inclination of 10.2°. The concept aims to reduce dwell time, despite the presence of PRMs. This allows zero interference for the door usage from all passenger groups. In addition, it facilitates effective crowd flow management during boarding and alighting. An evaluation based on cost, performance, safety and crowd flow shows the effectiveness of the mechanism.
  • Analysis of Space Usage on Train Station Platforms Based on Trajectory Data

    Analysis of Space Usage on Train Station Platforms Based on Trajectory Data

    sustainability Article Analysis of Space Usage on Train Station Platforms Based on Trajectory Data Mira Küpper 1,* and Armin Seyfried 1,2 1 School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany; [email protected] 2 Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-202-439-4060 Received: 18 August 2020; Accepted: 23 September 2020; Published: 10 October 2020 Abstract: The functionality of railway platforms could be assessed by level of service concepts. They describe interactions between humans and the built environment and allow one to rate risks due to overcrowding. To improve existing concepts, a detailed analysis of how pedestrians use the space was performed, and new measurement and evaluation methods are introduced. Trajectories of passengers at platforms in Bern and Zurich Hardbrücke (Switzerland) were analysed. Boarding and alighting passengers show different behaviour, considering the travel paths, waiting times and mean speed. Density, speed and flow profiles were exploited and a new measure for the occupation of space is introduced. The analysis has shown that it is necessary to filter the data in order to reach a realistic assessment of the level of service. Three main factors should be considered: the time of day, the times when trains arrive and depart and the platform side. Therefore, density, speed and flow profiles were averaged over one minute and calculated depending on the train arrival. The methodology developed in this article is the basis for enhanced and more specific level of service concepts and offers the possibility to optimise planning of transportation infrastructures with regard to functionality and sustainability.
  • 1 Bombay and Lahore. Colonial Railways and Colonial

    1 Bombay and Lahore. Colonial Railways and Colonial

    1 Bombay and Lahore. Colonial Railways and Colonial Cities: Some Urban Consequences of the Development and Operation of Railways in India, c. 1850-c. 1947 by Ian J. Kerr Two images, two railway stations, frame this presentation: the first is Victoria Terminus in Bombay; the second is the station in Lahore. Many aspects of the post-1850 histories of Bombay and Lahore were deeply affected by the development and operation of the railways of colonial India. Each station, so different one from the other, tells us something about the history of each city and their railways; different histories, different growth trajectories within a shared context defined by British colonial rule in South Asia and the development of a system of colonial railways. Lahore is discussed later in the paper. I begin with Bombay. Victoria Terminus is shown in figure 1 below. Commonly known as VT in a semiotic shift indicative of appropriation and familiarity, it opened in 1887 after nearly a decade of construction. This magnificent building ranks among the world’s great railway stations.1 Designed by its architect, F.W. Stevens, in what is sometimes labelled an Indo-Italian Secular Gothic style and echoing some elements of London’s St. Pancras Station Hotel, Victoria Terminus dominated the cityscape of late 19th century central Bombay; it remains a formidable presence in the early years of the 21st century despite a cityscape now dotted with skyscrapers. Over 2 million passengers pass daily through the sumptuous interior with its marble floors, stained glass windows, and a great staircase lined with Corinthian columns of polished granite from Aberdeen, Scotland—a staircase that provided access to the upper- level, headquarter offices of the Great Indian Peninsula Railway Company (hereafter GIP), and now its successor, the Central Division of the world’s fourth-longest (38,500 route miles) railway system and, at 1.75 million employees, the world’s largest, single-enterprise employer: the state-owned and state-operated Indian Railways.