WhiteWhite UmbelliferousUmbelliferous PlantsPlants -- HowHow ToTo IdentifyIdentify && ControlControl

CourtneyCourtney LeClairLeClair WisconsinWisconsin DNRDNR –– BureauBureau ofof EndangeredEndangered ResourcesResources EarlyEarly DetectionDetection InvasiveInvasive PlantPlant CoordinatorCoordinator [email protected]@wisconsin.gov 608608--267267--74387438 Overview:Overview:

•• WeWe willwill gogo overover distinctivedistinctive characteristicscharacteristics forfor sixsix umbelliferousumbelliferous plantplant speciesspecies

•• WeWe willwill talktalk aboutabout wherewhere andand howhow theythey invadeinvade

•• WhatWhat areare thethe threatsthreats theythey pose?pose?

•• NativeNative looklook--alikealike speciesspecies willwill alsoalso bebe addressedaddressed Queen Anne’s-lace (Daucus carota)

Chris Evans, River to River CWMA, Bugwood.org

Chris Evans, River to River CWMA, Bugwood.org

Courtney LeClair, WI DNR Courtney LeClair, WI DNR QueenQueen AnneAnne’’ss--lacelace CharacteristicsCharacteristics

Biennial; 2-4’ tall Alternate leaves that are larger towards the base of Stems are densely hairy, the plant; carrot odor hollow, grooved Seeds are covered with Umbels are 3-5” wide; small hooks to attach to generally dark flower in hair, fur, clothing, etc. the center Disturbed grasslands, Leaf-like bracts under fields, meadows primary umbel; Blooms July - October HowHow toto controlcontrol QueenQueen AnneAnne’’ss--lacelace

„ HandHand pullpull plantsplants oror useuse aa sharpsharp shovelshovel toto cutcut taproottaproot 22--33”” belowbelow soilsoil surface.surface. BagBag andand disposedispose ofof plantsplants „ CutCut andand bagbag flowerflower headsheads beforebefore seedseed setset – Mowing will also work before seed set – monitor for regrowth „ ControlledControlled burnsburns inin firefire adaptedadapted communitiescommunities „ FoliarFoliar sprayspray withwith glyphosateglyphosate,, metsulfuronmetsulfuron,, oror triclopyrtriclopyr – Always follow label rates and recommendations HedgeparsleyHedgeparsley ((TorilisTorilis japonica;japonica; T.arvensisT.arvensis)) T. japonica

WI DNR Courtney LeClair, WI DNR T. arvensis T. japonica

Bracts

Dan Tenaglia, Missouriplants.com, Bugwood.org WI DNR HedgeparsleyHedgeparsley CharacteristicsCharacteristics

Biennial that can also act like Seeds are covered with an annual; 2-3’ tall velcro-like hairs; Latches on to hair, fur, clothing, etc. Freely branching form Mainly seen invading Stems and leaves have short roadsides, ROW, and hairs present woodland edges Flowers bloom for about 2 Rosettes look very similar to weeks Queen Anne’s-lace and young Small umbels; alternate leaves Herb Robert (Geranium robertianum). Leaves also Taproot look similar to those of wild chervil Leslie J. Mehrhoff, University of Connecticut, Bugwood.org Wild HedgeparsleyHedgeparsley Chervil LookLook--alikesalikes

Japanese Hedgeparsley

Queen Anne’s-lace Herb Robert

Dan Tenaglia, Missouriplants.com, Bugwood.org

Chris Evans, River to River CWMA, Bugwood.org Image © 2004, Ben Legler HowHow toto controlcontrol hedgeparsleyhedgeparsley

„ HandHand pullpull plantsplants oror useuse aa sharpsharp shovelshovel toto cutcut taproottaproot 22--33”” belowbelow soilsoil surface.surface. BagBag andand disposedispose ofof plants.plants. „ CutCut andand bagbag flowerflower headsheads beforebefore seedseed set.set. – Mowing will also work before seed set „ ControlledControlled burnsburns inin firefire adaptedadapted communitiescommunities „ FoliarFoliar sprayspray inin springspring oror onon resproutsresprouts withwith metsulfuronmetsulfuron,, triclopyrtriclopyr,, oror glyphosateglyphosate.. – Always follow label rates and recommendations WildWild chervilchervil ((AnthriscusAnthriscus sylvestrissylvestris))

Leslie J. Mehrhoff, University of Connecticut, Bugwood.org

Photo by Richard Old, www.xidservices.com WildWild chervilchervil CharacteristicsCharacteristics

Biennial or monocarpic Smooth, black, oblong perennial; 3-4’ tall fruit are spread by wind, mowing eqp, & water. Stems are hollow and covered Lateral root buds can re with soft hairs sprout Leaves are fern-like and Often found along alternate roadsides, pastures, open Blooms late May – early July woods and other disturbed areas. Thick taproot up to 6’ deep with lateral buds Leaves look similar to poison hemlock HowHow toto controlcontrol wildwild chervilchervil

„ UseUse aa sharpsharp shovelshovel toto digdig upup entireentire root.root. BagBag andand disposedispose ofof plants.plants. „ MowingMowing repeatedlyrepeatedly beforebefore seedseed developmentdevelopment cancan depletedeplete rootroot reservesreserves „ FoliarFoliar sprayspray beforebefore bloombloom andand oneone monthmonth afterafter bloombloom withwith clopyralidclopyralid oror dicambadicamba – Foliar spray can also be done with metsulfuron methyl or escort – Always follow label rates and recommendations BurnetBurnet--saxifrage/Scarletsaxifrage/Scarlet pimpernelpimpernel ((PimpinellaPimpinella saxifragasaxifraga))

J.R. Crellin J.R. Crellin

Steve Garske Steve Garske BurnetBurnet--saxifragesaxifrage CharacteristicsCharacteristics Perennial; 3-4’ Often seen along roadsides, dry pastures, meadows Pithy stems are slightly hairy

Leaves are pinnate with 3-7 Lower leaves Ohio State University, The John Cardina, Bugwood.org serrate leaflets; get smaller as resemble they move up the stem those of wild parsnip. Taproot with lateral rhizomes Blooms July – September; Umbels umbels turn reddish in the fall resemble those of Fruits are slightly ribbed Queen Anne’s-lace HowHow toto controlcontrol burnetburnet--saxifragesaxifrage

„„ PreventPrevent furtherfurther distributiondistribution byby cuttingcutting flowerflower headsheads beforebefore seedseed setset „„ CutCut stemstem treatmenttreatment oror foliarfoliar sprayspray withwith glyphosateglyphosate,, metsulfuronmetsulfuron,, oror triclopyrtriclopyr –– AlwaysAlways followfollow labellabel ratesrates andand recommendationsrecommendations PoisonPoison hemlockhemlock (Conium(Conium maculatummaculatum))

Rhiannon Fernandez

Courtney LeClair, WI DNR

Jan Samanek, State Phytosanitary Administration, Bugwood.org

William & Wilma Follette. USDA NRCS PoisonPoison hemlockhemlock CharacteristicsCharacteristics

Biennial or monocarpic Taproot perennial; 4-10’ tall Two joined seeds; ridged Stems are hollow, ridged, and hairless; purple mottling Often found along near base roadsides, fields, stream banks, and in floodplains Alternate, pinnately compound leaves are Leaves look similar to wild hairless and shiny; broadly chervil. Water hemlock triangular shape; leaf veins (Cicuta maculate) has leaf end at the tips of the tooth veins that end in the notches margins between the tooth margins. HowHow toto controlcontrol poisonpoison hemlockhemlock

„ HandHand pull,pull, dig,dig, oror grubgrub whenwhen populationspopulations areare smallsmall – Ensure to remove entire taproot – Do prior to flowering (bag and landfill since toxic) „ CutCut andand bagbag flowerflower headsheads beforebefore seedseed setset „ MowMow closeclose toto thethe groundground severalseveral timestimes throughthrough outout growinggrowing seasonseason „ FoliarFoliar sprayspray withwith 2,42,4--DD +diesel+diesel oiloil – http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/forestry/invasivetutorial/ poison_hemlock_M_C.htm Pennsylvania Dept. of Conservation and Natural Resources – Many other herbicides can also be used – Always follow label rates and recommendations GiantGiant hogweedhogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum) Donna R. Ellis, University of Connecticut, Bugwood.org Leslie J. Mehrhoff, University of Connecticut, Bugwood.org

Donna R. Ellis, University of Connecticut, Bugwood.org

USDA APHIS PPQ Archive, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org GiantGiant hogweedhogweed CharacteristicsCharacteristics Monocarpic perennial; 8-15’ Often found along tall roadsides, vacant lots, and in moist woodlands or Stems are ribbed, hollow, wetlands covered in coarse, white hairs; purple mottling American cow parsnip (Heracleum lanatum) is 3- Leaves are deeply lobed 7’ tall with non-mottled and pointed; underside has flower stems and pinnately coarse white hairs divided leaves. Blooms May to July; umbels David Eagan, WI DNR up to 20” wide Large, deep taproot Great angelica (Angelica atropurpurea) is smaller with a ContinuedContinued…… smooth, purplish stem, spherical umbel and pinnately compound Glade mallow (Napaea leaves. dioica L.) is 3-6’ tall with leaves 4-12” with 5-9 deep lobes that are coarsely toothed IPANE

David Eagan, WI DNR David Eagan, WI DNR HowHow toto controlcontrol giantgiant hogweedhogweed

„ HandHand pullpull oror digdig outout seedlingsseedlings „ DigDig upup plantsplants 44--66”” belowbelow soilsoil surfacesurface „ CutCut andand bagbag flowerflower headsheads beforebefore seedseed setset „ FoliarFoliar sprayspray withwith – 5% triclopyr + 2% clopyralid – 1.5 oz. Escort/acre – 2.5% Garlon 3A – Always follow label rates and recommendations „ http://ohioline.osu.edu/anrhttp://ohioline.osu.edu/anr--fact.hogweed.htmlfact.hogweed.html „ http://www.kingcounty.govhttp://www.kingcounty.gov ForFor MoreMore InformationInformation

•• WisconsinWisconsin DNRDNR:: http://dnr.wi.gov/invasiveshttp://dnr.wi.gov/invasives •• InvasiveInvasive PlantsPlants AssociationAssociation ofof Wisconsin:Wisconsin: http://www.ipaw.orghttp://www.ipaw.org •• MidwestMidwest InvasiveInvasive PlantPlant Network:Network: http://www.mipn.orghttp://www.mipn.org •• InvasiveInvasive PlantPlant AtlasAtlas ofof NewNew England:England: http://nbiihttp://nbii--nin.ciesin.columbia.edu/ipane/nin.ciesin.columbia.edu/ipane/ •• USDAUSDA Plants:Plants: http://http://plants.usda.govplants.usda.gov