December 6, 1975 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 38943 SENATE-Saturday, December 6, 1975 The Senate met at 12 :31 a.m., pursu­ 1897, to bill to amend title xvm of the in States having long legislative sessions, ant to adjournment, and was called to Social Security Act to authorize payment as in california and a number of other order by Hon. RICHARD STONE, a Senator under the supplemental medical insur­ States, and in other States for those key from the State of Florida. ance program for services furnished by members of the legislature, such as the physician extenders and clinical staff of leadership and committee chairmen who community mental health centers. have active interim duties. ms, buttressed by the Montgomery INTRODUCTION OF A BILL decision, is maintaining that a State leg­ The following bill was introduced, read islator's home for tax purposes is in the the first time and, by unanimous con­ AMENDMENTS SUBMITTED FOR State capital rather than the legislator's sent, the second time, and referred as PRINTING home district-unless the legislator earns the greater share of his income from indicated: SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS, By Mr. ABOUREZK: · business or other interests back home. S. 2753. A bill to amend section 5532 of 1976-H.R. 10647 The result of this decision works a hard­ title 5, United States Code, relating to the AMENDMENTS NOS. 1205 THROUGH 1208 ship. reduction of retired or retirement pay of (Ordered to be printed and to lie on Legislators, State or Federal, occupy retired officers of the uniformed services who the table.) unique positions. To perform their duties a.re employed by the Federal Government. Mr. HANSEN submitted four amend­ they must spend a considerable length Referred, by unanimous consent, jointly to of time in the capital, yet they are usually the Committee on Armed Services and the ments intended to be proposed by him to the bill CH.R. 10647) making supple­ required by law to maintain a residence Committee on Post Office and Civil Service. in their home districts. DOING AWAY WITH DOUBLE-DIPPING--BETI'ER mental appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1976, and the period end­ Yet, as a consequence of the Mont­ LATE THAN NEVER gomery ruling, a State legislator now Mr. ABOUREZK. Mr. President, today ing September 30, 1976, and for other purposes. may not charge his living expenses away I am again introducing legislation that from home against the per diem allow­ would outlaw the "double dip" practice ance he receives from the State during of the reservists collecting military re­ SUSPENSION OF DUTIES ON his attendance in the legislature, except tirement pay and Government civilian CERTAIN SILK-H.R. 7727 in those cases in which his legislative salaries at the same time. I have intro­ duties occupy only a small portion of duced this legislation before. But I am AMENDMENT NO. 1209 his time or account for only a small por­ reintroducing it today because the Presi­ (Ordered to be printed and to lie on tion of his total income. dent has tentatively agreed to recom­ the table.) For the average legislator, whose prin­ mended cuts in the Defense budget sug­ Mr. CRANSTON (for himself, Mr. cipal source of income may be his salary gested by the Office of Management and GRIFFIN, Mr. BAYH, Mr. FANNIN, Mr. TAL­ as a member of the State legislature, the Budget. One of these proposed cuts is the MADGE, Mr. DOLE, Mr. HARTKE, Mr. PACK­ tax consequences can be substantial. "double-dipping." WOOD, Mr. NELSON, Mr. RoTH, Mr. When this tax home question was I strongly feel that the dual compensa­ MONDALE, Mr. BROCK, Mr. GRAVEL, Mr. raised many years ago with respect to tion in Federal jobs at the supergrade and BENTSEN, Mr. HATHAWAY, and Mr. HUM­ Members of Congress, the code was high-grade pay levels is a real area of PHREY) submitted an amendment in­ amended to establish a Member's home Pentagon fat that needs to be cut im­ tended to be proposed by them jointly to for tax purpases in his legislative dis­ mediately. And I have made this argu­ the bill

A blll (H.R. 10647) making supplemental ORDER FOR CLOTURE VOTE TO OCCUR AT 3 :30 PM Chiles Hruska Packwood appropriations for the fiscal yea-rending June ON MONDAY-H.R. 10647 Clark Humphrey Pastore Cranst on Inouye Pearson 30, 1976, and the period ending September 30, Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, 1976. Culver Jackson Pell I ask unanimous consent that the vote Curtis Johnston Proxmire on cloture occur at 3: 30 p.m. on Monday Dole Kennedy Randolph Domenici Leahy Ribicoff CLOTURE MOTION and that it be a 30-minute rollcall vote. Eagleton Long Roth Mr. ROJ3ERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Eastland Magnuson Schweiker objection, it is so ordered. Fannin Mansfield Scott, Hugh I send a cloture motion to the desk. Ford McClure Spark.man The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Garn McGee Stafford cloture motion having been presented Glenn McGovern St ennis DISAPPROVAL OF THE DISTRICT OF Gravel Mcintyre Stevens wider rule XXII, the Chair, without ob­ Grifi:ln Metcalf Stevenson jection, directs the clerk to read the COLUMBIA COUNCIL REFUNDING Hansen Mondale Stone motion. BOND AUTHORIZATION ACT Hart, Gary Montoya Symington Hart, Philip A. Morgan Taft The legislative clerk read as follows: The Seriate continued with the con­ Hatfield Moss Thurmond CLOTURE MOTION sideration of the concurrent resolution Hathaway Muskie Tower CS. Con. Res. 78) disapproving the act of Helms Nelson Weicker We, the undersigned Senators, in accord­ Hollings Nunn Williams ance with the provisions of Rule XXII of the the District of Columbia Council U-57) Standing Rules of the Senate, hereby move entitled "An act to authorize the issu­ NAYS-3 to bring to a close the debate upon the mo­ ance of $50,000,000 general obligation Brooke Hartke Javits tion to proceed to the consideration of H.R. bonds of the District of Columbia to re­ NOT VOTING-17 10647, the Supplemental Appropriations Bill, fund certain loans made to the District 1976. Bayh Goldwater Percy Mike Mansfield, Hubert H. Humphrey, from the U.S. Treasury." Biden Haskell Scott, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen­ Burdick Huddleston William L. Edward W. Brooke, Robert C. Byrd, Church Laxalt Talmadge Jacob K. Javits, Charles Mee. ate resumes consideration of Senate Con­ Durkin Mathias Tunney Mathias, Harrison A. Williaxns, Char­ current Resolution 78. Fong McClellan Young les H. Percy, William D. Hathaway, The Senator from Virginia is recog­ So the Senate concurrent resolution Edward M. Kennedy. nized. John Tower, John O. Pastore, Edmund CS. Con. Res. 78) was agreed to, as fol­ Mr. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. Mr. Presi­ lows: S. Muskie, Daniel K. Inouye, Thom.as dent, in the interest of time, I commend E. Eagleton, Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., Resolved by the Senate (the House of Rep­ Adlai E. Stevenson, Abraham Ribico:ff, the Senator from Missouri (Mr. EAGLE­ resentatives concurring), That the Congress J. Glenn Beall, Jr., Robert P. Griffin. TON) and I urge the adoption of the reso­ disapproves of the action of the Council of lution. the District of Columbia. described as fol­ Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, Mr. EAGLETON addressed the Chair. lows: The Act enacted by the Coucll of the I ask unanimous consent that instead of The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen­ District of Columbia. (1-57) entitled "An having the cloture vote occur at 2 p.m. ator from Missouri. Act to authorize the issuance of $50,000,000 on Monday, the cloture vote occur at Mr. EAGLETON. Mr. President, yes­ Genera.I Obligation Bonds of the District of 4 p.m. on Monday. terday I asked my colleagues to vote Columbia. to refund certain loans made to The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there "aye" on this resolution. Today I again the ~!strict from the United States Treas­ objection? Without objection, it is so ury", passed by the Council of the District ask them to vote "aye". of Columbia. on October 21, 1975, signed by ordered. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ques­ the Mayor of the District of Columbia on tion is on agreeing to Senate Concurrent October 22, 1975, and transmitted to the CLOTURE MOTION Resolution 78. The yeas and nays have Congress on October 24, 1975, pursuant to been ordered and the clerk will call the section 602 ( c) ( 1) of the District of Co­ Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, roll. lumbia Self-Government and Governmental I send a second cloture motion to the The assistant legislative clerk called Reorganization Act. desk. the roll. The purpose of this cloture motion is Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. I annowice CHANGE OF REFERENCE-SENATE that we may have a vote on Tuesday in that the Senator from Indiana (Mr. RESOLUTION 299 the event the cloture motion fails on BAYH), the Senator from Delaware (Mr. Monday. BmEN), the Senator from North Dakota Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clo­ (Mr. BURDICK), the Senator from Idaho I ask wianimous consent that the Com­ ture motion having been presented wider (Mr. CHURCH), the Senator from New mittee on Labor and Public Welfare be rule XXII the Chair, without objection, Hampshire (Mr. DURKIN), the Senator discharged from the further considera­ directs the clerl{ to read the motion. from Kentucky (Mr. HUDDLESTON), the tion of Senate Resolution 299, a sup­ The assistant legislative clerk read as Senator from Arkansas (Mr. McCLEL­ plemental appropriation for the Senate follows: LAN), the Senator from Georgia next week. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The con­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Also, the bill

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

CHANUKAH-THE FIGHT FOR festival commemorating the victory of insert in the RECORD a brief history of a FREEDOM the Maccabees over oppression and injus­ similar struggle the Jewish nation had tice. over 2,000 years ago. As you may know, the celebration of Rabbi Baruch Silverstein, the spiritual HON. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ Chanukah recalls the first time a nation leader of Congregation Emanu-el in the OF NEW YORK went to war in the course of freedom Borough Park section of Brooklyn, has IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of thought, religion, and speech. This brilliantly captured the significance of year as Americans celebrate the Bicen­ Chanukah, and I though it would be Thursday, December 4, 1975 tennial of our Nation, the successful valuable if I shared his observations with Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, today ls fight for liberty and the establishment of my colleagues. the sixth day of Chanukah, the Jewish the Bill of Rights. I thought it fitting to Rabbi Silverstein is a vice president of December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38947 the New York Board of Rabbis, and past and public activities of Ralph Becker catalogued ten thousand baseball bubble which have added so abundantly to the gum cards as much as I do a person who has president of the Brooklyn Board of done the same with the finest coin collection Rabbis, and the Zionist Organization of social and cultural life of our Nation's or Rembra.ndts. For each wants to add some­ America, Brooklyn Region. He has been capital. As a founding board member of thing to posterity in his area of expertise. the rabbi at Emanu-el for over 20 years the John F. Kennedy Center for the Per­ Each wants to put his items together so that and is a valued and esteemed member of forming Arts of which he has served as people can get an added or new dimension the Borough Park community. As a general counsel for 18 years, his contri­ or perspective. devoted spiritual and civic leader, Rabbi butions to the National Portrait Gallery My point has been illustrated articulately Silverstein has worked tirelessly with as well as director of the Metropolitan the past few days: Washington Board of Trade and his nu­ 1. New York Times-Saturday, November boundless energy on behalf of all mem­ 1-Tools as Art bers of the community. I am privileged to merous citations and awards for civil and 2. Yesterday's Potomac Sunday Magazine be associated with Rabbi Silverstein and public service are all important parts of Section-Larry Mooney Collection-Treasury honored to have him as a constituent. I his useful and active life in behalf of the of "idiosyncratic anomalies" am sure that my colleagues will be as citizens of Washington, D.C. and of the 3. Bicentennial-yesterday's Times--Gov­ inspired as I by his words: Nation. ernment paying $28,465 to catalog coins of CHANUKAH The James Smithson Medal was pre­ Bicentennia.l 2,123 years ago, when our people yet dwelt sented to Ralph Becker at special cere­ 4. Collector of chic sales upon its own land and the beautiful Temple monies on Monday, November 3, at the 5. Bucka.rt-Horse Museum stood in Jerusalem, Palestine fell under the National Museum of History and Tech­ 6. Washington Items--toda.y's Post-sale rule of Antiochus, the king of Syria. In his November 8-41 Washington items owned by nology as a result of his donation of more Mrs. Walter Peter, Jr., will be dispersed. attempt to completely subjugate the Jews than 30,000 items of political memo­ and destroy their faith, he proclaimed 7. FDR-Halstead sale. paganism to be the sta. te religion of Judea rabilia which began in 1958 and which So, in some cases, perhaps one or two peo­ and turned the Temple into a heathen represents the most valuable collection ple will get that added perspective and, in shrine. The Jewish population was ordered to of political campaign materials gathered others, hundreds or thousands or millions offer public sacrifices to idols. Antiochus together by any collector. will see the interaction of the pieces the might well have succeeded in his sinister Following the presentation to Ralph collector has assembled. purpose to destroy our faith had it not been Becker by Dr. Brooke Hindle, Director of I am in the latter category because of this for a courageous band of pious people. They the National Museum of History and great Institution. An Institution which took up the struggle against him under the knows no equal. An Institution which ls leadership of Judah the Maccabee. Technology, and a further appropriate operated by dedicated men and women who Inspired with' a spirit of loyalty to their statement by the Secretary of the Smith­ inject life and beauty into the collector's people and devotion to God, the small sonian Institution, Dr. S. Dillon Ripley, raw materials and who give full meaning to untrained Maccabean army succeeded in Ralph Becker presented a response which the Smithson vision of an establishment for defeating the numerically superior Syrian described the role of a collector and pro­ the "increase and diffusion of knowledge army. The Temple was then purified and vided insight from his experiences which among men". rededicated. An unused cruse of oil contain­ resulted in the valuable collection of po­ This occasion would have made one per­ ing sufficient oil for but one day's burning son very happy and we miss him very much. miraculously lasted for eight days. It is litical campaign materials which are now Dillon, he was your distinguished predeces­ therefore that we celebrate this festival for an important addition to the National sor, Leonard Carmichael. He was a truly great eight days, while we praise the Lord for the Museum of History and Technology. man whose handiwork is indelibly written miracles which He performed for our ances­ In addition to this recognition·given to on this Institution. When he retired, he told tors in ancient days during this season. Ralph Becker, it is most appropriate to me of the talented and gifted person who Chanuka.h, then, recalls the first time a acknowledge also the important part would succeed him-and he was right. I am nation went to war for freedom of thought which his talented and attractive wlfe, honored to have his widow, Pearl, and his and religious liberty. This year, as we kindle daughter, Martha, here tonight. our menorahs, each fiicker of the candles Ann Becker, has played in Ralph Becker's Dillon, though you are an internationally reminds us that we must continue to guard professional, public, and civic career. known authority and collector in your own all our precious freedoms today just as the My wife, Doris, joins me as well as right, officially as Secretary of the Smithson­ Maccabees did in days of old. For without the those many others who salute Ralph ian, you have the unique supreme position gallant defense of their country by these Becker on the occasion of this official of "collecting collectors". You, too, have patriots of the Jewish fa.1th, the worship of recognition by extending our congratu­ been such a dedicated individual-a crea­ ona God and the belief in one humanity lations. We know that millions of Ameri­ tive architect of not only material items could not have survived as basis for an cans will now have the opportunity to but also of ideas. And now your work and ideal future of peace and democracy for a.11. the work of your countless associates will be Without this victory, there would probably benefit from the political memorabilia the focal point of our Bicentennial celebra­ not be a single church, synagogue or mosque which now are on view in the National tion. anywhere in the world today. Museum of History and Technology, and I can recall when you first ca.me to the As we look upon the glow radiated by the we are all grateful to Ralph Becker for Smithsonian with your innovative ideas, you Chanuka.h candles, we pray that their this gift. stated that If they did not like what you brightness will presage a year of redemption were doing, you could always return to your for our less fortunate brothers throughout His response follows: RESPONSE OF RALPH E. BECKER "duck pond". Now, you only go back for a the world, especially in Soviet Russia., and respite. the rededication of our hearts to the rebuild­ Mr. Secretary, Dr. Hindle, dlstinguished As a fellow trustee of the John F. Ken­ ing of a world in which the people of every guests, and friends: nedy Center for the Performing Arts, a religion, race and nationality will live and Naturally, I am thrilled with the honor bureau of the Smithsonian, there is another work together in peace and in harmony. bestowed on me, which rwant to share with source of gratification and satisfaction as a my devoted family and friends. member of the Smithsonian family. When Perhaps I should say something about a it was ordained that Washington be our RALPH BECKER HONORED BY collector, because just about everyone is a Nation's Capital, the Founders of our Coun­ SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION collector in his or her own way. One of my try made it clear that it should be a "seat partner's little two-year old filled his pockets of government and culture". Although we with stones and last summer my grandchil­ have the finest museums in the world, not HON. ROBERT McCLORY dren collected sea shells as though they were until 1958, when President Eisenhower OF ILLINOIS the brightest of diamonds. The sports fan signed into law the National Cultural Cen­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES who lets the football programs pile up, and ter for the Performing Arts, did we wit­ then occasionally thumbs through them to ness the capital as a "seat of culture" ma.k­ Thursday, December 4, 1975 remember the event--the stamp collector ing the full circle. At the same time Presi­ Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, it was my who may have a half dozen postage stamps dent Eisenhower with the same pen, fig­ privilege to be in attendance recently at or a half mllllon. Each ln his own way at­ uratively speaking, signed into law the the Smithsonian Institution where one tempts to collect items which he deems of restoration of the Ford Theatre, the Air and of Washington's most distinguished citi­ significance in his lifetime. Space Museum which will open on July 4, And, then we progress to the collector who 1976, the Thec;>dore Roosevelt Bridge and the zens, Attorney Ralph E. Becker, was feels that his collection is and will continue Stadium. Now Congress has given you, Dil­ awarded the James Smithson Medal for to be an object upon which he w1ll lavish lon, the last pa.reel on the Mall for a Mu­ his contributions to the National Museum attention out of proportion to his dally seum of Ecology. Therefore, it is fitting that of History and Technology of the Smith­ callings. I am such a collector. There a.re in this Bicentennial year that· w~ all can be sonian Institution. many others who a.re such collectors, too. thankful to the Good Lord for all our bless­ I will not delineate the numerous civic I respect the man who has collected and ings in this Nation's Capital. 38948 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 Thus, I take a great risk by singling out over the past 50 years and the small efforts rights of the disadvantaged was only people in this Institution, but I must men­ I otherwise have made on behalf of this matched in ferocity by his struggle to tion Jim Bradley, a pillar of strength and a Institution, will live on for all to enjoy and overcome his most recent illness to main­ wise counsellor to me on Kennedy Center benefit from. · matters in the early, crucial years, and his But although the gift has now been made tain his place on the Court. I believe that assistant, Dorothy Rosenberg. Charlie Dor­ to the Smithsonian, my interest in the col­ all who love the law, those who agree or man advised me and sweated many hours lection does not end. I, and I trust all of us disagree with Justice Douglas, fervently and nights cataloguing my collection. Herb here, will continue our efforts to improve hope that he can find relief from the Collins succeeded him. Like all of the un­ and nurture this great Institution which agonizing pain he suffers and take solace sung heroes of a museum, he as a curator uniquely and broadly reaches the minds of from knowing that he served the United devoted countless hours in research on my people throughout our country and the States so devotedly. collection and has become today an author world. and lecturer on American political memora­ bilia and history. His knowledge and ex­ pertise is available to everyone and has been of incalculable assistance to me personally. THE RETIREMENT OF JUSTICE IOWA FIFTH DlSTRICT POLL Now the idea for placing my collection WILLIAM 0. DOUGLAS RESULTS in an institution where it would come to some public and beneficial use for posterity came during a visit in the early fifties HON. EDWARD MEZVINSKY HON. TOM HARKIN when my patient wife, Ann, and I came to OF IOWA OF IOWA obtain authentication of some items. An­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES other dedicated Smithsonian scholar, Mar­ garet Klapthor, suggested that the gift be Wednesday, November 19, 1975 Thursday, December 4, 1975 made. But, I want to set the record straight Mr. MEZVINSKY. Mr. Speaker, it is Mr. HARKIN. Mr. Speaker, this Au­ on the malicious story that my wife, Ann, with great sadness that I comment today gust I sent out a questionnaire to my jumped at the opportunity to donate my constituents in central and southwest collection to the Smithsonian so that she upon the retirement of Justice William could rid the basement and the attic of the 0. Douglas, from the Supreme Court. I Iowa. While every Congressman is of uncatalogued crates, boxes, and barrels of also feel great gratitude-gratitude for course fascinated by the views and opin­ materials. Nothing could be further from the gifts of wisdom and legal scholarship ions held by his own constituents, I do the truth. She knew full well that I would he left not only to us but to our children feel these particular results are a straw manage to fill them up with something else, and grandchildren as well. poll of more than usual significance. which I proceeded to do. Justice Douglas' monumental efforts Therefore, I off er them here for the Let me close by thanking each and every­ benefit of my colleagues in the Congress, one of you for coming here to take part in to protect individual liberties as well as this event which means so much to me and the sanctity of this great country will af­ and for anyone else who may like to know members of my family; and in making me fect the people of this Nation as long as what the American heartland is think­ feel that the collection I have put together we are a Nation. His 36-year fight for the ing: IOWA 5TH DISTRICT POLL RESULTS, AUGUST 1975 (Respondents=l2,661. Answers may not add to 100 percent due to rounding)

Percent Percent Yes No NA Yes No NA

Economy: Do you favor- Human needs: Do you favor- 1. Wage, price, rent and profit controls? ______40 50 8 1. Increased funding for rural development programs?______46 39 14 2. Strengthening antitrust laws and enforcement?______81 8 9 2. Cost-of-living increases to senior citizens under the Supple- 3. Tax relief for low and middle income families? __ ------81 13 4 mental Security Income (SSI) program?______72 20 4. Continued general revenue sharing to State, country, and 3. Increased funding for such senior citizens' programs as Con­ municipal governments?_------69 21 gregate Meals, Meals on Wheels, Homemaker Services, etc.7- 65 27 7 5. A luxury tax on items like jewelry, furs, nightclub entertain- 4. A national health insurance program?______48 41 10 ment, etc.? ______73 21 4 If yes, should this program be run: 6. Increasing Federal estate tax exemptions from $60,000 to (A) By the Social Security Administration? ______(•) (B) By private insurance companies? ______------$200,0007 ------55 37 (•) ------7. The Federal Government owning and maintaining the nation's 5. Increased block grants to primary and secondary schools? ___ _ 41 40 18 rail beds? ______-- ___ --_------_------35 55 8 6. A Constitutional amendment to restrict abortions? ______31 60 8 8. Creation of a WPA or CCC type program of direct Federal 7. A bill to require registration of handguns? ______56 37 5 employment for people who cannot find work in the private Foreign policy: Do you favor- sector? ______--______------_--- _-- _--- - 61 31 6 0 22 68 9. Creation of a Reconstruction Finance Corporation to extend ~: ~~~i~~~i~i:i~ tgt~t~e~c~~t~i~f~-c ======46 44 credit to jeopardized small businesses? ______59 30 10 3. More efforts to promote better relations between the United 10. Funds for subsidized low and moderate income housing? ____ _ 50 40 8 States and Russia?__------______------_------64 27 8 Agriculture: Do you favor- 4. Increased trade with mainland China? ______65 24 9 1. Higher target prices and loan levels?______44 34 21 2. A grain reserve held on farms, by farmers? ______67 17 14 5. Se~~~~~s ~~i:eb~t~:~~s rYo':f~~~~ g~~~~dK~~e~t~~~~~~!~-~~~- 23 67 8 3. A nationwide beef check-off system?______33 34 31 6. Maintaining our commitment to Israel?______48 36 15 4. Banning the use of DES in cattle feedL ______51 31 17 7. Reducing the number of troops stationed abroad? ______61 29 8 5. Requiring Federal grain inspectors at port facilities? ______79 9 10 8. Cutting the Pentagon's budget? ______70 21 7 6. Multiple grain delivery pointsL------66 9 23 9. Use by the United States of nuclear weapons in limited war? __ 28 60 11 7. Changing the beef grading system, as proposed by the USDA?_ 27 50 22 Governmental reform: Do you favor- 8. An antitrust type bill to prohibit corporations with over $3,000,- 1. Eliminating the seniority system in Congress?_------71 20 7 000 in nonfarm assets from farming?______79 11 9 2. Direct public financing of congressional elections? __ ------45 43 10 Energy: Do you faror- 3. Creation of a Consumer Protection Agency, to represent con­ 1. Higher gasoline prices with tax rebates to low and middle sumers before other Federal agencies?_------61 27 11 income persons and businesses? ______28 62 8 4. Creation of a blue-ribbon panel of nonpoliticians to suggest 2. Nationwide rationing of gasoline? ______26 66 7 congressional reforms? ______------__ 61 25 13 3. Aid to mass transit?------62 28 9 5. Reorganization of the Federal bureaucracy? ______75 10 14 4. Increased funding for solar energy research? ______6. Congressional breaks, so Congressmen can spend time with 79 14 5 the people in their home States? ______5. Increased funding for nuclear energy research? ______58 33 8 55 32 11

•Results of the question on who should run a national health insurance program were inconclusive, because the question was confusing. However, the results were: (A) Yes-28 percent No-15 percent, N.A.-55 percent; (B) Yes-22 percent, No-17 percent N.A.--60 percent '

BANGLADESH ILLUSTRATES developing world to raise the standard population growth continues to mount POPULATION PROBLEW- of living for people at the lowest rung of at a rate in excess of 3 percent, while the economic ladder. their agricultural production is increas­ HON. PAUL SIMON I find it distressing, however, when ing at the rate of only 1 percent. Unless OF Il..LINOIS earnest efforts in the field of agricul­ positive measures can be taken to match tural production are not matched by these two parts of the equation, no IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES comparable effort in dealing with the amount of external assistance can help Thursday, December 4, 1975 population issue. stave off disaster for the people of Mr. SIMON. Mr. Speaker, I have been In reading of the current difficulties Bangladesh. impressed by efforts being made by the facing Bangladesh, I note that their If this present rate of growth is al- December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF R£MARKS 38949 lowed to continue, the population of sistant director of the Upward Bound pro­ Following World War II, although rav­ Bangladesh, with an area the size of the gram at Texas Tech University. In 1970-71, aged by war, they recovered from de­ she was consultant for Texas and New Mex­ State of Kansas, would be 230 million by ico Headstart programs at Texas Southern struction using their own stamina and the year 2005. In contrast, the World University. not a penny of Marshall Plan aid. And Bank estimates that Bangladesh's cur­ Her civic activities include membership in during the period from 1946-66 when rent population of 80 million would grow both the AAH-PER and in the Texas Associ­ they received $134 million in economic to 160 million by the year 2005 if active ation for Health and Physical Education and assistance from our Government, they measures were taken now in the popula­ Recreation since 1967. returned $104 million to repayments and tion field. In 1973 she joined the Southern Associa­ interest. In fiscal year 1976 the United States tion of Physical Education for College Wom­ end and the Southwest Association of Stu­ On November 4, the Senate over­ will contribute $224,357 ,000 in economic dent Assistance Programs. She also joined whelmingly adopted an amendment to assistance to Bangladesh. I must reluc­ the Delta Psi Kappa Sorority in that year. the foreign aid authorization bill con­ tantly question whether it makes sense She was a board member of the Lubbock cerning "foreign debt settlements." I for donors to continue to invest such a YWCA from 1970 to 1972, and has been a have repeatedly submitted joint resolu­ large amount of resources in developing YWCA National Teen Volunteer since 1973. tions of my own to Congress on this countries unable to face up to the basic In 1974, she joined the American Associa­ issue of debts-owed-our-Government by problems. To do so represents a depress­ tion of University Women, and the Man­ foreign powers. power Advisory Council of Region XI. She ing inability to connect our aid with the was also named to the 1974 Volume of Up­ I commend the people of Finland for humanitarian results we seek to achieve. ward Bound. their outstanding integrity. I call upon Her teaching experience include terms Congress to insure that other nations with the Lubbock Public Schools, as a head­ not consider this a trilling matter. And OUTSTANDING YOUNG WOMAN OF start summer teacher in 1969, and physical I join with Finland's friends throughout AMERICA FOR 1974 education teacher from 1968 to 1970; and the world in wishing her good fortune with the Harlingen Public Schools from and continued success in realizing her 1966 to 1967. aspirations as a freedom-loving and in­ HON. E de la GARZA She earned the Miss Congeniality distinc­ dependent nation. OF TEXAS tion at the 1963 Rio Grande Valley Pageant. She is a 1962 graduate of San Benito High IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES School. Thursday, December 4, 1975 ESSEX AVENUE Mr. DE LA GARZA. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to announce that a young lady FINNISH SISU AND PAYING DEBTS from my area, Mrs. Pearl Garcia Gil­ HON. CLARENCE D. LONG chrest, has been selected as "Outstand­ HON. JAMES J. DELANEY OF MARYLAND ing Young Woman of America for 1974." OF NEW YORK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I hereby include a report on this out­ standing lady, daughter of Ricardo and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, December 4, 1975 Manuelita Rodriguez of San Benito, Tex., Thursday, December 4, 1975 Mr. LONG of Maryland. Mr. Speaker, and respectfully recommend that my Mr. DELANEY. Mr. Speaker: the Essex Avenue which serves the Essex colleagues review the account which I A strong will takes a man through gray community in Baltimore County, Md., am incorporating: granite stone ... has been actively investigating the ques­ (From the San Benito News, Jan. 5, 1975] tion of diked spoil disposal areas as a This is an inscription that appears on service to its readers, because its readers OUTSTANDING YOUNG WOMAN OF AMERICA one of many Finnish monuments in this NAMED FOR 1974 may if the State of Maryland has its country. It speaks of the will that has way, be faced with a 1,000-plus acre spoil Pearl Garcia Gilchrest, daughter of Ri­ helped to forge both our nations, our cardo and Manuelita Rodriguez of 636 Carlos disposal area practically in their back­ St. in San Benito has been named to the civilizations, and our freedom. yards. "Outstanding Young Women of America" of When Bolsheviks gained control of Mr. William Pacer, a reporter for this 1974, which honors the remarkable achieve­ Russia in October 1917, the Finnish Diet 1-year-old community newspaper, made ments of the nation's young women. declared itself the supreme power of the several visits to the Army Corps of En­ The editions honor women's achieve­ Finnish people and on December 6 issued gineers diked spoil disposal area at ments-past and present-in their homes, their declaration of independence. It is Craney Island, Va., to relate it to the communities and professions-as positive this anniversary we celebrate on Satur­ one proposed by the State of Maryland proof of contributions toward a better day. The constitution which they pro­ America. which would be placed at Hart and Miller "Involvement in profession and communi­ mulgated is an outstanding document, Islands in the northern Chesapeake Bay. ty ts just one part of an Outstanding Young providing individual rights, property Mr. Pacer in his extensive series re­ Woman. The best of our nation's character rights, and freedom of worship and ports on the visit to Craney Island of is also expressed in each young woman's ex­ speech in a fashion uniquely similar to the Peer Review Steering Committee, a citing achievements. Each Outstanding our own. citizens' group appointed by State and Young Woman, in her own way, is con­ Finland has had to contend with a local officials to monitor a reevaluation cerned with making the world a better place civil war and two extremely costly wars to live." of the Hart-Miller Islands project. He Mrs. Gilchrest was one of the 51 women in with the U.S.S.R. to preserve her hard­ also reports on interviews with residents the state of Texas to be distinguished as an won freedom. But preserve that freedom of the Craney Island area. Outstanding Young Woman of America. she did, even at a time when many other To bring to your attention the Mrs. Gilchrest lives in Waco, Texas where states were falling beneath the yoke of problems diked spoil disposal areas can she ls the Financial Aid Director of the Mc­ Moscow's hegemony. create, I am pleased to present excerpts Lennan Community College. She was born The Finns are known for many from Mr. Pacer's series for the Essex Feb. 1, 1945. Her husband ls Norman Logan things-theirs is "The Land of a Thou­ Avenue: Gilchrest. ESSEX AVENUE Mrs. Gilchrest received her Bachelor of sand Lakes," theirs is Sibelius the com­ Science degree from Texas A&I University poser, Paavo Nurmi the athlete, Marshal Craney Island was first proposed as a spoil where she studied from 1964 to 1968. She re­ Mannerhein the commander-in-chief, disposal site in the 1930's. In 1944, the first They are pioneers in modern architec­ definitive plan was submitted; two years ceived her Master of Education Degree from later, the project was approved by Congress. Baylor University, where she studied from ture and have paved the way for design However, the first appropriation was not 1973-74. in furniture, glass, ceramics, jewelry, and forthcoming until 1954, when construction During her career, the former San Benito textiles. But perhaps above all else, the began. Presently, it 1s calculated that fill woman was assistant director of the Upward Finns are known for their hard work and will be completed in 1979 or 1980. Under Bound program at Baylor University from existing regulations, the levee an_d fill wm top 1973-74. During the same time, she was a fiscal integrity. U.S. relief in the turmoil following off at 17 feet (the slated height for the Hart physical education teacher at Vanguard and M1ller Islands dike) . The Corps wants to High School. World War I helped the Finnish people lift the ceiling to 29 feet above mean sea She was the National YWCA Y-Teen, and to stave off starvation. They have never level. Young Women Consultant for 13 states from forgotten and are determined to pay off Over 4.5 mill1on cubic yards of dredge spoil 1972-73. Previously, in 1971-72, she was as- that debt. are deposited into the Craney Island site CXXI--2453-Part 30 38950 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, · 1975 annually. Tolls are charged for all private Even with an unattentlve ear, the spoil could Before there was time to answer, Rehbein dredge dumped into the dike. be heard as it chortled and choked with a explained, "At a meeting with the Water­ Unlike the proposed isolated dike at Hart resounding deathly heartbeat as it danced men, (Natural Resources) Secretary James and Miller Islands, Craney Island is attached through the artery to the great bowl of B. Coulter stated that use of the Bay model to fast land on the south side. This feature Craney Island. for Hart and Miller Islands would be 'misuse naturally offers some protection to the No intense odor permeated the region, but of the model.• " massive structure, which has withstood it did have a distinct fl.shy smell, similar Durkin confirmed the allegation, "Appar­ several severe storms. to the fragrance that surrounds an oyster ently, Coulter did not want to waste any The size of the Craney Island containment processing area. Nevertheless, on this par­ more time." area. ls awesome. As the bus carrying the PRC ticular day, the perfume did not extend far­ Ruzecki declared, "I don't think it would members journeyed a.long the roadway on ther than a. couple hundred yards. be a misuse of the model at all. I thought the perimeter of the site, the first impres­ Unappetizing muck paved the territory that's why the model was done ..." sion was puzzlement. The levee, basically immediately adjacent to the speedy spoil. An Stated Bender, "The Bay model works constructed from sand, towered several feet old tire floated unassumingly in the mire. great with currents. I think you should gain above the vehicle. The area. had the The first impression was tha. t nothing could a lot of use of the model. It will do better atmosphere of a construction site. Stone rip­ ever grow in this wasteland. However, the than you would expect." ra.p blocked the calm sea. surrounding Craney lake of Craney Island, with an abundance However, most people refused to let this Island. ApproXimately a half mile down the of marsh grass on the perimeter, gave testi­ problem bother them. west dike road. foamy water was spotted in mony to the contrary. Andrew Bristow, representing Jack Ash­ the sea. adjacent to the dike. The bus stopped Colonel Robert Ayers, Norfolk District En­ ley, Chairman of the Queen Annes County at this question mark, so the PRC could in­ gineer for the Army Corps of Engineers, re­ Commissioners, joined the legion of people vestigate the situation. minded, "This area (where we are deposit­ impressed by the Federally owned and oper­ The sudsy-looking sea., which did not have ing the dredge) is the farthest possible dis­ a. ted facility. However, he emphasized the an odor, was discovered to be merely organic tance from where the water empties out. It people of Queen Annes County were tired of matter at a weir exit in the dike. The mat­ is two miles to the other side, and as you being everyone else's dumping ground. ter seemed to dissolve into the Hampton noticed at the weir, the water quality is as "The hole around Kent Island ls filled up. Roads water within a. few yards. good as the water on the outside." We are getting the affects of the worse condi­ After witnessing the water exit, a. sojourn The pipe delivering the spoil snaked down tions; gunk ls surfacing on the edge of the to the top of the levee was in order. For the levee and disappeared beneath the waters Island. This problem doesn't start to happen over a. mile, a man-made lake extended. A of Hampton Roads. A few hundred yards off­ until perhaps 20 or 30 years after the dump­ few gulls rested unassumingly on a. small shore, dredge vessels reposed peacefully as ing begins. And we are stuck with it. That sand-bar in the contained sea. they sent their cargo scurrying into the con­ hole is full, and they still want to dump Col. Ayers said, "We don't have too many tainment site. Farther out, small piers for more in it. . . . We are vehemently opposed birds in the dike area itself, because there hopper dredges sat vacant and waiting. to open dumping." a.re no fl.sh in the dike. As the PRC members sauntered back to Bristow then proposed, "The counties He pointed out, "The lake has formed the bus, it was impossible to ignore the should share the dredge. . . . They should where the solids have settled. In the en­ cracked earth remnant of past spoil. Col. have to take the dredge that has to be done closure, the level of the water is a.bout two Ayers explained, "It ls usually broken up in their county.... I know there may be or three feet. Outside the dike, the water is rather rapidly. But, we have had some heavy some problems to this, but we are nea.ring an six feet deep." rains here recently and some of it may be impossible position, and when you get. to Careful examination of the water within from the drying process following those that point, you have to look for answers. we the diked area, revealed the lake contained storinS." simply have to see what is left at the bottom a. vast a.mount of green algae. Miniature pools a.long the perimeter of the of the pot." John Boland, Associate Professor in En­ levees lent credence to Col. Ayers' words. V. EXIT PARADISE vfronmenta.l Engineering at Johns Hopkins, Col. Ayers mentioned, "We do segregate our Once upon a. time, River Shore Road and a. consultant to the PRC noticed, "There spoils. Sand dredge is deposited in one area., bordered on an apparent Elysian Field. Water ls only a. slight smell now, but it would contaminated dredge is pumped to a. different slapped delightfully against the sandy shore. probably be smelly at times." section, etc. We do this so we can get maxi­ Crabs and fish swam abundantly above mus­ He added, "Green algae live in this area mum use from the dredge. For example, we sel beds. Dozens of trees overlooked the because they have no predators in here. Once can use the sand to help brace up the levees." pleasant Hampton Roads sea. A fragrance of they are out in the open sea., they are kept Along the perimeter of the levees, there a.re spring pervaded even on a winter's day. Peo­ in check by their various enemies." numerous poles stretching skyward. These ple flocked to the dreamland, ignoring the In response to a. question, Dr. Micha.el structures, similar to telephone poles (with­ gradually growing "little pile of rocks'' in the Bender, Oceanographic Biologist at the Vir­ out the wires), have small white markings near distance, as they strolled leisurely on ginia. Marine Institute of Marine Sciences, approximately two-thirds of the way up the sand, sailed gracefully on the sea, or declared, "The dredge here is quite compara­ from the base. These doodles signify the 17- sought the fruits of Neptune's cornucopia.. ble in contamination to Baltimore Harbor. foot line, the present authorized limit of the But, enter reality; eXit paradise. Craney There a.re slight variations, but it is very dike. However, the Corps is seeking permis­ Island refused to become an idyllic addition similar." sion to raise Craney Island to 29 feet above to the scene. Posldia.n decided he would not The nearby weir, which controlled the out­ mean high tide. be as kind as previous yea.rs. The sea had flow that initially a.roused the PRC curios­ But these appendages were upstaged changed. So had the world of River Shore. ity, seemed to be a jigsaw puzzle of sticks of slightly as the PRC saw smoke billowing "Crabbing's not worth a dainn anymore," timber. The green water charged through merrily into the heavens. Col. Ayers quickly claimed Lloyd Walker. "Just a few years ago, this construction and obstruction with the pointed out, "This is a. small incinerator for you couldn't walk for the crabs a.round here. calmness and quiet of a stream over rocks. burning driftwood. . . . We get all sorts o:f The water used to be just full of crabs. Now, As the bus traveled on, the mess of a con­ debris here. It is a.ma.zing what is dredged you have to look all over just to find some." struction site seemed evident. Col. Ayers ex­ up.... " He quoted statistics of persona.I knowledge, plained that the Corps ls continually work­ With all of the various types of pa.ra.­ "My neighbor had three pots out there and ing on the levees in order to reach the final pherna.Ua dumped into the enclosure, many he got about three crabs out of each pot. We height of 17 feet. Yet, despite the mud and wondered whether they were viewing a fab­ used to get anywhere from 12 to 15." mess on the dike side, several people on the ulous mosquito breeding ground. Physician P. A. Wilhite, who frequented bus were surprised to see dozens of crab pots Dr. Micha.el Bender, Oceanographic Biolo­ the area before he bought a lot in 1955, con­ floating 50 feet from the shore of the dike. gist at the Virginia. Institute of Marine Sci­ firmed, "Crabbing was a great deal better. The bus continued on its course. In the ences (VMS) stated, "I don't know if there One could easily pick up five or six dozen soft distance, the nuclear aircraft carrier U .S.S. is a. mosquito problem. Any area near the shell crabs in an hour or two from 1955 to Nimitz broke the horizon in resolute man­ sea has mosquitoes, but I can't determine 1966; but nothing since then." ner. Other U.S. Navy vessels sat anchored in whether it is aggravated (by Craney Island)." Tom Womble moved into the area in 1968, dramatic pause. Col. Ayers volunteered, "We a.re definitely and he too found change. "Crabbing hasn't When the bus headed down the east dike, not the main source of mosquitoes in the been as good as it was in the latter part of the boats of pollution caught the eye. Small area.... " the 1960's." piers could be seen in the near distance. VMS Physical Oceanographer, John Ru­ Walker attested that other pa.late pleasing "Those are the places where the hopper zecki, acknowledged, "The design ( o! t.he items have also fallen victim to the con­ dredges tie-up," mentioned a spokesman. dike) is not as good as it could have been." temporary environment. "In the past, they Some era.ft appeared to be more than just Bender interjected, "It has caused some used to have mussel beds. Everything was just visiting the locale. It was obvious that dredge sedimenta. tlon a.long the west ..." matted with them. You could pick them up was being deposited. Mr. Milton Rehbein, a PRC member from by the gallons; but, no more. They a.re all HOME FOR SPOILS Bowleys Quarters, queried, "Since the Hart gone. The fl.sh are not here either. You used Thick black lifeless dredge gushed out of and Miller Island dike would be isolated (and to be able to go out and get a. lot of fish, but the pipe like blood from a. severed jugular not .attached to fast land like Craney Island), they don't come in this area anymore." vein. Seemingly awestruck, PRC members wouldn't it be a. good idea. to use the Chesa­ He remembered, "We only got small fish ... stared at the display spewing before them. peake Bay hydraulic model?" spot, croaker, flounder. Not any big stuff; December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF R£MARKS 38951 things that weighed about 12 ounces or a trol condit ions at sea," announced Mr. John battle the proposals of Craney Island expan­ pound. Out a.round the lighthouse, they used Tuttle, a stockbroker and President of the sion submitted by the Army Corps of En­ to have 200 to 300 boats fishing ... but you River Shore Civic League. "The article gineers. The Corps charges on with slide rule don't see them anymore. Now, the only thing pointed out that dumping at sea ls the way hearts and tons of statistics to prove their you see around here ls just babies ... I don't to go. The government has funded studies in contentions of economic and environmental know whether this is caused by pollution or California and New York that support that feasibllity. Somewhere amidst the morass of Craney Island." concept. It does work.'' emotions and figures, an answer lies awaiting However, despite poor catches where the He continued, "I think it is better to pol­ discovery. sea's bounty was once plentiful, many crab lute some fish in the ocean, than it is to pol­ pots dot the water fifty feet north of the spoil lute the river. It ruins the natural environ­ disposal site's perimeter. Walker explained ment. It is just appalling to us, that the con­ PROVISION H.R. 19267 the apparent contradiction, "Those pots a.re struction of oontainment areas is a solution probably commercial. Nothing is disturbed only good for 20 to 50 years. After 100 yea.rs, out there because the flow of water is about you've got the same problem, but your con­ HON. JIM SANTINI the same (in the channel)." straints are more critical. And you have no OF NEVADA Walker declared, "The water in here evi­ solution. We talked to the government, and dently doesn't flush out properly. I'm not they said that is long-range planning. They IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES qualified to say, but that appears to be the told us, 'We don't plan for long-range, we Thursday, December 4, 1975 thing. You can see all the trash and the mess plan for mid-range.' " that comes in here and pollutes everything." Tom Womble volunteered, "I know they Mr. SANTINI. Mr. Speaker, although "The biggest problem I see is the slit com­ have a problem where to dump the muck, I am supportive of the concept of tax re­ ing in. There used to be some sand out here, but I think they ought to look at the positive form and feel it is important to our eco­ but now there's a bunch of mud." side of it. In time, they are going to have to nomic recovery, I must point out a se­ Walter Griggs, technical director of the have a deep water port off the coast of some rious reservation I have about a certain Atlantic Division of the Naval Electronic Sys­ state. There ls no reason in the world why provision of H.R. 19267 which we are tems Command and a River Shore homeowner they can't take that dredge, haul it out off considering today. · since 1955, observed, "The river bottom has the Chesapeake Bay or some place, and make obviously silted in. We can see that the con­ a deep water port out there. That would give Section 1207 of this bill contains a tou r of the bottom is very gradually coming them someplace to dump the spoil, and when provision which would impose a 20-per­ up. And it ls changing from a sandy bottom it is completed, there would be something cent withholding tax on all gaming win­ to a very silty bottom. The water :flow ls not positive there also.'' nings of more than $1,000 when the odds outward, but in circular motion." He mentioned a major problem preventing exceed 300 to 1. This affects more than He noted studies by the Army Corps of the new generation of "super tankers" from my State of Nevada which has various Engineers, which operates the Hampton docking in Norfolk harbor, "They can't come forms of legal gaming. The provision Roads facility, "The model studies the Corps across the Hampton Roads tunnel. There ls would also include winnings in horse and had run at Vicksburg, indicated that this no reason in digging the channel deeper if would happen. Those model studies have they can't come across the tunnel. They have dog racing, lotteries, wagering pools, been proven right. Their reports have said got to have a deep water port." sweepstakes, and many other forms of the sediment Will drop out of the water Tuttle noted, "The Army Corps of En gi­ legal gaming in other States. It would where you have this condition, because the neers made a very lengthy stuay, and they even affect winnings in church and civic water:flow doesn't go continuously out to the said the dredge material should be dumped rafiles, if you can believe that. · c:hannel." around the Chesapeake Bay Bridge-Tunnel This provision, I believe, represents an Tom Womble advised, "The bottom is not to create islands there, because the Bridge unwarranted intrusion by the Federal as sandy as it once was. We used to have a system itself would carry people to the is­ beach that extended from our property about lands. These islands could be built up for Government into the legal territory of 15 feet and that has eroded away in the last recreational and light commercial activity. the States. In addition to it being a fla­ five years. I think Craney Island had some­ And according to the Corps, the test bores grant example of a Federal power grab, thing to do With that." have already been made, because they were the provision bothers me for another Walter Galliford, a neighbor since 1968, made for the bridge-tunnel system." reason. It would force the State or the admitted, "The silting has been more con­ The "Report of Survey Investigation (on) owner of the gaming establishment to siderable than I anticipated. It has put a The Craney Island Disposal Area . . . Re­ collect the 20-percent tax on the spot. damper on boating and caused some other placement or Extention," published by the This is unfair for a number of reasons. problems .. .'' Army Corps of Engineers in October 1974, Wilhite, recalling an era when only farms urged further study on a plan to construct First, why shol..l,1d Nevada's legal gaming and nature occupied the district, looked to­ a spoil disposal area on the east side of the establishments-and for that matter, ward Craney Island and eyed a spot where Chesapeake Bay Bridge-Tunnel complex, be­ why should any establishment-be forced he fished and went crabbing in the early tween the Thimble Shoal and Chesapeake into a position of collecting the taxes 1950's. "That terrace was a couple of feet Channels. The study stated, "Necessary levees for the IRS? It is difficult to envision a above normal high water. It was covered with would be constructed to an elevation of 17.0 law in which a private entity becomes the myrtle, pine, black cherry trees, etc. And feet (above) mean sea level, enclose an area extension of the IRS, but this is what then down a step or two, you went out to a of 2,980 acres, and provide a useful life of in effect, the bill would do. ' white sand beach that extended out. At low 57 years." Under present conceptions, 1! water, one could walk out as far as a mile. Craney Island levees were raised and a west­ Secondly, a bettor may lose several All of this was washed out--the trees, the ward extention added at the increased height, hundreds of dollars before winning the terrace. It was replaced with nothing but a the Hampton Roads facillty would have a $1,000 or more. To withhold 20 percent silting beach.'' useful life of 53 years. of the winnings on the spot without con­ He indicated another locale, closer to the Lloyd Walker, glanced disgustedly at the sideration of losses would be patently un­ spoil depository, farther from where he stood, dredge depository after he checked his empty fair. Operators of the legalized gaming perhaps 150 yards away. "Over here you see a crab traps. The twenty year resident of the operation in Nevada have voiced their white sand beach that ls scooped out. This ls area concurred with his neighbors, "The so­ strong opposition to this provision be­ deeper than it used to be by the shore. That lution would appear to take the dredge ma­ beach went out much further. Twenty years terial out to sea or find some permanent cause, understandably, it would serious­ ago, the beach was wide an the way down solution instead of having a group come in ly impair the attraction of legal gam­ there (to where Craney Island ls) . Perhaps every twenty years and take a piece ... and bling. Anyone who was lucky enough to it's deeper here and more shallow farther then another piece . . . My God, they'll end hit a $1,000 winning would then be un­ out. I used to enjoy walking on this sand up in Richmond eventually." lucky enough to receive 20 percent less, beach at low tide. It was 50 to 60 ya.rds Wide He paused to eye the placid waves and the and be faced with filling out a report on and perfectly dry. The sand was hard. No water he loved. the winnings for the IRS. mess at all." "They all say, 'Oh well, 100 years from Wilhite sighed calmly. For an instant, he now, what difference does it make.' It is very The committee report on this section stared at the sandbar that leaned out to much like the time when the country was requiring IRS data reads: touch the west levee of the monster that settled. They didn't give a damn about the The person who is to receive payment of many believed had devoured paradise. forests, They thought, 'Oh, the whole coun­ the winnings subject to Withholding would He shrugged philosophically, "But, that ls try is covered with trees, so let's get rid of be required to furnish the pa.yor with the the picture as it was 20 years ago. The last all them damn trees.' So, they cut them all name, address, and taxpayer identification time when I did it two or three years ago, I down and burned them up. Now, one of our number of the person receiving the pay­ couldn't walk far before I began to get mixed most precious commodities is all gone. And ment and of each person entitled to any sand and mud.'' the same thing will happen With all of our portion of such payment under penalty of water. Before you know it, all we wlll have perjury. X. ANYTHING BUT CRANEY ISLAND left is a bunch of channels." "There was a fantastic article in Scientific And the controversy continues. The pleas­ IRS would no longer accept the infor­ American about dredge disposal, and the con- ant people of River Shore Road constantly mation return on such payouts which are 38952 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 filed on form 1099 with the Treasury trust provisions of the Defense Produc­ he has contributed to the com:.nunities of Department. tion Act. America. There is another reason I strongly op­ Those of us on the Subcommittee on Since 1968, Ross Perot has paid over pose this gaming section of the tax bill. Economic Stabilization feel that this ac­ $29 million in personal income taxes to There is a serious question whether such tion is a positive step toward preventing the Federal Government. During this a tax would have any impact on the reve­ anticompetitive behavior in the United same period, Electronic Data Systems, nue for the Federal treasury. On page States. All of us understand that anti­ the company he founded, has paid over 297 of the report on this bill, it is stated: competitive practices on the part of some $53 million in taxes. The employees of Although most wagering transactions have businesses have been and can be a cause EDS have paid $35 million in taxes, for no tax significance since the majority of bet­ of high prices or in:fiation. a total of $117 ,000,000. tors end up the year with no net wagering It should be pointed out that under the Mr. Perot has succeeded financially. gains, the special types of wagers mentioned existing Defense Production Act, Amer­ Through one of his close associates, I above represent unique and occasional wind­ ica's major oil companies have been have determined that approximately 85 falls that generally produce significant tax given, by our Government, antitrust im­ percent of all the funds received by Ross liability. munity in order to administer allocations Perot have either gone to taxes or worth­ I do not know the authority for this from OPEC, the oil cartel. while causes. language, as no committee hearings were All experts agree that one of the prin­ Some of the ways in which Mr. Perot held on section 1207. One thing I do ciple causes of in:fiation in the United has put his after tax personal funds to know is that the majority of bettors end States is the skyrocketing cost of oil. The use are as follows: up the year with no net earnings. I also blackmail of OPEC is obviously a root He contributed $1 million to the Boy have sound reason to believe that all but cause of this condition. Scouts of America, to be used to bring 15 percent of the winners of such wagers I believe that we should take steps to scouting to minority groups and the report their winnings. break up OPEC, the oil cartel. This could underprivileged·. If this provision guaranteed millions of prevent OPEC from injecting periodic He contributed a 1,000 acre camp to dollars per year for the U.S. Treasury­ rounds of in:fiation into our economy. the Girl Scou~, stipulating that no child which it does not and cannot--then pos­ Inasmuch as our own U.S. oil com­ would ever be denied admission for lack sibly some Members would be included to panies, under the Defense Production Act of funds and thus assuring that under­ support it. But even the IRS will admit of 1950, are essentially administering the privileged children would have equal ac­ that the impact on revenue will be cartel with antitrust immunity, this is a cess to the facility. negligible. matter of serious concern to me. In the To the Dallas Public Schools, he gave Finally, this provision is not only un­ near future we need to learn more about $2 % million, the major portion of which necessary and burdensome but it is also how this came to happen, how it works fund went toward the creation of a spe­ premature. In 1971 Congress established and what can be done about it. The re­ cial school for underprivileged and mi­ a Commission on the Review of the Na­ lationship of this situation to our in:fia­ nority children, to give the deprived child tional Policy Toward Gambling. Congress tionary problems is obvious. an education superior to that received in appropriated $3 million for the Commis­ I will be addressing this issue in the any part of the Dallas school system. sion to conduct a comprehensive exami­ future and consulting with my colleagues It has become a model for the State of nation of the implications of all forms on this subcommittee and our distin­ Texas. I~ methods have been incor­ of gambling in this country, including guished chairman, Mr. ASHLEY of Ohio, porated in Texas colleges to train future the problems of taxation. The Commis­ to see what action can be taken. teachers. Additionally, school systems sion-made up of seven Members of Con­ throughout the United States and Eu­ gress-four from the House and three rope have sent teams to study this from the Senate--and seven other pri­ school. This special school serves 1,000 vate members appointed by the Presi­ ROSS PEROT children each year. Through his effor~. dent--is to report its findings to Con­ there has been created a program to gress and the President in October 1976. teach leadership in the Dallas schools. Many Commission hearings have been HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE Also, Mr. Perot has provided funds for held, the most recent in "Nevada where I OF TEXAS a research and development department testified on the abuses of the IRS in over­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that will continue to improve the quality seeing the legal gaming industry. Over Thursday, December 4, 1975 of teaching and the efficiency of opera­ 200 witnesses have been heard by the tion in the Dallas schools. legal gaming industry commission. Mr. TEAGUE. Mr. Speaker, recently Mr. Perot provided $100,000 for the I believe any action taken by the Con­ the newspapers carried an article that purpose o.f recognizing excellence in gress this year on major tax legislation associated the tax loss carryba~k amend­ teaching in the Dallas/Fort Worth area. affecting the gaming industry would be ment which is being considered here to­ He also funded the development and premature. We should wait for the Com­ day as being created for the benefit of a construction of an outdoor learning cen­ mission to report its recommendations. prominent businessman in Dallas, Mr. ter in Fort Worth so that inner-city chil­ Because there is an open modified rule Ross Perot, who I believe to be one of the dren would have the opportunity to live on this bill, I regret that there is nothing finest men in our country today. To the in this center and learn how things grow. we can do to alter section 1207 on the contrary, this particular amendment When the city of Lubbock, Tex, was House :fioor. But I wanted to point out was in the offing several years ago and devastated by a tornado in 1970, Ross to my colleagues the inherent dangers was not presented for :fioor action until Perot sent truckload::; of food, clothing that this section imposes, and to inform now. and other essentials and a t·eam to assist them that everything possible will be The purpose of this amendment is to the people of Lubbock. done on the Senate side to see that this eliminate an inequity in the tax laws, Because of his deep personal concern damaging section is eliminated from the allowing individuals the same tax plan­ for our prisoners of war during the Viet­ tax reform package. ning :flexibility given to corporations on nam con:fiict, Ross Perot spent over $3 capital losses. This amendment will en­ million in the campaign to change the courage individual investment during treatment of our POW's. The treatment INFLATION-Ollr-AND THE DE­ periods of economic uncertainty, when was changed and any prisoner of war can FENSE PRODUCTION ACT OF 1950 investors run signllcant risks of incur­ attest to the effectiveness of his efforts. ring capital losses. If incentives to invest To date, Mr. Perot has spent several hun­ HON. JAMES J. BLANCHARD are eliminated, the working American, dred thousand dollars continuing effor~ OF MICHIGAN not the wealthy, will suffer. As invest­ toward determining the status of men ment diminishes, the tax base and the who are still missing. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES job base that creates these taxes will be Due to deep personal conviction to pro­ Thursday, December 4, 1975 seriously damaged. vide education for all children, he has Mr. BLANCHARD. Mr. Speaker, yes­ I have known Ross Perot for many funded a college scholarship program for terday the House of Representatives years and would like to draw to your at­ the children of career military officers, overwhelmingly adopted amendments tention what a great American this with top priority going to those children which strengthen and toughen the anti- prominent businessman is and how much whose fathers were killed or disabled on December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38953 active duty. At the present time, there are properly made from personal funds and re­ himself and White to conduct an inspection 27 children participating in this program. ported as required by law. No requests were on January 14-16, 1974, With intent to as­ made to support legislation of any type, as sure the most unfavorable possible report. Ross Perot has been successful in his a condition of these contributions. 4. During the January 1974 inspection, own business and has made numerous The news stories have incorrectly described Ruud and White told a large meeting of stu­ loans to minority businessmen. He has my financial and tax status and the relevance dents that they were McGovern supporters, made a $200,000 grant to several gradu­ of the capital loss carryback to me. With intent to emphasize the ideological gulf ate schools of business ir.. the State of The real question is-is this good legisla­ between Avins and A.B.A. officials. Texas to develop plans for significantly tion? The purpose of the amendment is to 5. On January 30, 1974, Ruud and White improving the quality of their graduate eliminate an inequity in the tax laws; allow­ delivered a. one-sided report of inspection to business school training. The economic ing individuals the same tax planning flexi­ the Accreditation Committee, with intent to impact of this grant will be felt over the bility given to corporations on capital losses. emphasize only the school's weaknesses. This amendment will encourage individual 6. The January 1974 report again suggest­ years in the Southwest as our colleges investment during periods of economic un­ ed that Avins' presence on the Board of produce better businessmen. certainty, when investors run significant Trustees violated Standard 203, although Not only has the State of Texas bene­ risks of incurring capital losses. If incentives they knew that it did not. fited from Ross Perot's generosities, but to invest are eliminated, the working Ameri­ 7. The January 1974 report attacked, With­ colleges and universities throughout the can, not the wealthy, Will suffer. As invest­ out basis, Dean Avins, the faculty, and stu­ country have benefited from his sub­ ment capital diminishes, the tax base and dents for "academic ennui" and lack of "in­ stantial contributions. Mr. Perot has con­ the job base that creates these taxes Will be tellectual spark." tributed hundreds of thousands of dol­ seriously damaged. 8. During the Spring of 1974, while litiga­ This amendment is sound legislation. It tion was ensuing about the school's degree­ lars to such organizations around the appears that I, and not the merits of the granting power, Ruud advised officials of the country as the Salvation Army, YMCA, amendment, have become the central issue. Dela.ware Bar that the January 1974 report YWCA, Future Farmers of America, 4-H If it becomes necessary, in order to elim­ was highly critical, and such report should Clubs, and many others. It is apparent inate the emotional climate and allow this be given as much publicity as possible to stop that Mr. Perot has had a deep personal amendment to be considered on its merits, new degree-granting power for the school. interest in helping build a stronger Amer­ I would have no objection to being excluded 9. Knowing the Avins' methods of building ica through his generous contributions. from its provisions by name, or by agree­ up the library involved great economy, on The most recent project being under­ ment With the Internal Revenue Service. May 15, 1974, White selected as library in­ The Ways and Means Committee members spector for the May 28-29, 1974, inspec­ taken by Mr. Ross Perot is the proposed who voted for this amendment had no way tion, a law librarian who had overspent his construction of a large memorial to be of knowing of my interest. I sincerely regret budget in the previous two years by an situated in an appropriate location in our that these fine men have been subjected to amount greater than the total cost of the Nation's Capital in tribute to all those unjustified criticism. Dela.ware Law School library, with the ex­ who fought in the Vietnam conflict. He Thank you for your consideration. pectation and intent that the school should proposed that the following words be Sincerely, fail inspection because of alleged library carved on the memorial-"First commit Ross PEROT. deficiencies. the Nation-then commit the troops" so 10. During the meetings of the Accredita­ tion Committee and Council held in Chicago that future Presidents would never forget on July 19-21, 1974, White, Ruud, and Bam­ that it is morally wrong to send our men OVERT ACTS-THE DELAWARE LAW berger induced those bodies to overlook er­ into battle unless we, as an entire Na­ SCHOOL, PART II rors in the library report and updating there­ tion, are first committed to a cause worth of, and to find that the school did not sub­ fighting, sacrificing and dying for. stantially comply with the Standards, al­ When the newspapers carried the HON. LARRY McDONALD though judged by recently approved schools, article concerning the capital loss carry­ it was discriminatory not to accredit it at OF GEORGIA that time. back, Mr. Perot wrote to the chairman of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Ways and Means Committee, the 11. During the July 19-21, 1974, meetings, Thursday, December 4, 1975 the Council declined the request of the law Honorable AL ULLMAN, clearly setting school delegation to state the precise stand­ forth his position and insisting that in Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. ards which the school was allegedly violat­ order to eliminate the emotional climate Speaker, as noted in my remarks of Octo­ ing, the reason for non-compliance with and to allow this amendment to be con­ ber 2, 1975, the assistant dean of Dela­ each. sidered on its own merits, he would have ware Law School, a prominent conserva­ 12. On July 21, 1974, White, Ruud, and no objection to being excluded from its tive lawyer and academic writer in the Bamberger, and others unknown, induced provisions by name, or by agreement with is the Council to pass a resolution criticizing malpractice field, John H. Tovey, su­ the progress of the school under Dean Avin's the Internal Revenue Service. Copy of ing because of the fact that the Amer­ administration, although they well knew such letter follows: ican Bar Association accreditation offi­ that the school was exceeding the Standards NOVEMBER 14, 1975. cials have forced conservatives out of for accreditation in many respects (i.e., size Hon. AL ULLMAN, control of the law school. I have pre­ of library, tutorial research program) and Chairman, Committee on Ways and Means, viously set forth the complaint. Profes­ met the accreditation standards then used U.S. House of Representatives, Washing­ for other law schools, with intent to induce ington, D.C. sor Tovey also alleges a number of spe­ cific "overt acts," which he annexes to students and pa.rents to obtain Avins' re­ DEAR MR. CHAmMAN: As part of its Tax moval as Dean. Reform Bill, the House Ways and Means his complaint. These actions are sorry 13. During the August, 1974, meeting the Committee has proposed a capital loss carry­ reading for those who believe that con­ Council was induced not to alter its resolu­ back for individual taxpayers. Recent press servatives have equal rights with lib­ tion about the school's administration and reports have incorrectly labeled this legisla­ erals to be in the field of education: not to issue a resolution specifying the al­ tion the "Perot Amendment", stating that leged deficiences. the proposal was created for my benefit. OVERT ACTS (By Prof. John H. Tovey) 14. During the Summer of 1974, White is­ The facts are: sued or caused to be issued false and con­ The tax loss ca.rryback amendment is not 1. Ruud advised Trustees Roberts and flicting reports a.bout why the school was not special interest legislation created or intro­ Crutchfield that Avins' presence on the Board a.coredi ted, viz: duced at my request, or for my benefit. No of Trustees of the law school might violate a. White gave information to A.B.A. Presi­ one representing my interests created this Standard 203 at a luncheon in November dent Chesterfield Smith which caused Presi­ amendment on my behalf. I understand that 1973, and by letter of December 1, 1973, well dent Smith to write the pa.rent of a student this amendment was drafted and introduced knowing that membership of deans occur­ on June 18, 1974, that the Accreditation as part of a proposed tax reform bill several red at other law schools and did not violate Committee considered the library, physical yea.rs ago I knew neither the author nor the Standards for accreditation, with intent plant and long-range financial support anything a.bout the origin of this amend­ to have them eliminate Avins from said deficient. ment. Boa.rd. b. During the August 1974 meeting of the Mr. Cohen, a tax attorney retained by me, 2. At a meeting With Avins on November 8, A.B.A. in Honolulu, White conveyed mis­ has been following this legislation because 1973, Ruud falsely advised Avins that the leading information to Sharp Whitmore, Sec­ of its potential interest to several clients, law school was in reasonable shape for an tion of Legal Education Delegate, which including me. accreditation inspection, well knowing that caused Whitmore to advise Delaware State The news stories have inferred a relation­ inspection was premature, and with intent Delegate Howard L. Williams that the Ac­ ship between pa.st political contributions that Avins should invite inspection and there creditation Committee would accredit the and recent action on the tax loss carryback should be an adverse report. law school in February 1975 if several faculty amendment. My political contributions we:re 3. On December 1, 1973, Ruud appointed members were put on tenure and if a bus!- 38954 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 ness manager was hired, and that Avins' res­ lently self-contradictory, in both praising 36. Inspector Norvell found that none of ignation as dean was not necessary, which and condemning the school's admissions the criticisms found in the January 1975 in­ information was false. system. spection report, other than those dealing c. On September 6, 1974, White wrote to 25. During Fall 1974, and again during the with trustees, finances, and number of fac­ the Trustees stating that correction of the A.B.A. mid-winter meeting in February 20- ulty, were valid, although no substantial physical deficiencies found in the second in­ 23, 1975, White told D!Bona, Weeks, students change had been made in respect to any of spection report would not bring the law and others that U.S. Senator Jesse Helms them, and omitted any finding in respect to school into compliance with the Standards. should be eliminated from the Board of the new alleged deficiencies as set forth in d. On August 29, 1974, White wrote to Trustees, this being motivated by his con­ White's letter of March 19, 1975. Avins setting forth a list of alleged deficien­ servative views and by White's fear of a con­ 37. Norvell's report was withheld from most cies of the law school which varied materi­ gressional investigation of the Delaware Law of the trustees before their votes to affiliate ally from those identified in the second in­ School accreditation scandal. of May 24, 1975; June 8, 1975; July 22, 1975. spection report of May 1974, and which iden­ 26. During the February 20-23, 1975, meet­ 38. On July 11, 1975, after the law school tified sundry standards which the Council ing, White, and other Council members told trustees had voted to enter into the contract allegedly found that the law school was not Weeks, students, and parents that for the to affiliate with Widener College dated July meeting, whereas in fact many of these school to be accredited Avins should be forced 8th, members of the Accreditation Commit­ standards were never considered by the off the Board of Trustees and out of school tee and Council pressed the law school dele­ Council, and were in fact being met by the property, an d the Board of Trustees should gation for assurances that said affiliation school (i.e., "207. The allocation of authority either be flooded with new members or would not be broken, and that Avins would between the dean and the faculty is a mat­ preferably it should be abolished by affilia­ not be on the Widener Board of Trustees, and ter for determination by each institution."). tion with another college or university. the Council recommended approval based on 15. During the August 1974 A.B.A. Con­ 27. On March 4, 1975, White wrote Avins said assurances. vention in Honolulu, White and other Coun­ falsely denying that he had stated that Avins 39. Pursuant to suggestions of Council and cil members told Judge G. Fred DlBona, par­ must be removed from the Board of Trustees Accreditation Committee members, on Au­ ent of a. student, they would never accredit for the school to be accredited. (The reply of gust 7, 1975, even before receipt of stock in Dela.ware Law School as long as Avins was Avins of March 10 is annexed hereto.) the Delaware Law School, Widener College Dean, on the Board of Trustees, or living in 28. On March 19, 1975, White wrote to elected a majority to the newly-expanded any school property, with intent that such Weeks and the Chairman alleging that the law school Board of Trustees. information should be conveyed to students Accreditation Committee and Council found 40. During the A.B.A. meeting in Montreal, and parents, in order to demand Avins' that the school was violating standards sig­ held August 7-14, 1975, Weeks showed the ouster. nificantly different from those set forth in new amendments to the law school certificate 15. a. On September 8, 1974, White told the resolution of February 21, and fraudu­ of incorporation, the new by-laws, a copy the DelawM'e Law School Trustees that a lently including standards which the school of the share of stock issued to Widener Col­ majority of the Council would probably vote was in fact complying with and which had lege, and a list of the Trustees elected by against accreditation if Avins remailled on never in fact been considered' by the Council, Widener to the law school board by virtue the Board of Trustees. with the intent of putting additional pres­ of the stock, to White, Accreditation Commit­ 16. In a letter to Avins, with copies to sure on the Trustees to affiliate by demon­ tee members, and Council members, to dem­ other Council offtcials, of August 29, 1974, strating the futility of attempting to comply onstrate that Avins and those associated with White falsely denied that Judge D!Bona was with vague standards of shifting interpreta­ him had permanently lost control of the law representing the Council's views to students. tion. school, and hence the Council should not 17. In August and September, 1974, White 29. During the Spring, 1975, White en­ revoke its prior recommendation of provi­ told D1Bona that Avins' friends on the fac­ couraged President Clarence Moll of Widener sional approval. ulty, particularly Professors Tovey, Hakala College: to take over the Delaware Law School and Pincoffs, should be discharged. by advising Moll that the school was meeting 18. During the Fall, 1974, White told Dean A.B.A. accreditation standards, that it was in Arthur Weeks that Avins should be removed a good student market and financially stable, from the Board of Trustees and i?Chool living and that White controlled the accreditation POSSIBLE TYRANNY OF FEDERAL quarters, and that A vins' friends on the fac­ process and would see that the school was GUN CONTROL LAWS ulty should be removed. accredited if Widener took it over. 19. During the Fall, 1974, White told Dean 30. During Spring, 1975, White told Moll Pasco Bowman of Wake Forest Law School, and Weeks that most of the faculty particu­ HON. STEVEN D. SYMMS inspector for the Attorney General of Dela­ larly Avins' friends should be eliminated, OF IDAHO ware, that Avins should not be on the Board but Professor Andrew Green, who was teach­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of Trustees and that his influence over the ing full-time at West Chester State College Thursday, December 4, 1975 school should be reduced. in violation of the Standards, should be re­ 20. During Fall, 1974, White told Weeks tained because Green was hostile to Avins Mr. SYMMS. Mr. Speaker, the consti­ that White would appoint himself to the due to the latter's objection to his dual tutionally guaranteed freedom of the January 1975 inspection team, it being employment status. American people to own firearms is today White's intent to write an unfavorable in­ 31. On April 14, 1975, White told Mitchell, threatened by the prospect of increased spection report for the February 1975 meet­ Miller, a parent of a. student, that without ing of the A.B.A., for the further purpose of affiliation there was a. small chance of ac­ Federal gun control. Legislation now having accreditation denied at that time, creditation, but that affiliation would in­ pending before this Congress calling for in order to put additional pressure on grad­ crease this almost to a certainty, with intent coercive measures to protect law-abiding uating students to demand elimination of that this statement should be quoted to Americans from themselves is not unlike Avins and those deemed friendly to him from graduating seniors in order to induce them the initial steps taken in such t.otali­ the Board of Trustees. to press the Board of Trustees to vote for an tarian states as Cuba in bringing the 21. During the inspection conducted be­ affiliation with another institution so that tween January 9-11, 1975, White asked population of that country into total sub­ the school would be accredited in time for j ugati on. It is instructive to learn from numerous students about Avins' influence the seniors to take the July 1975 bar over the school, whether he would return examination. the experiences of others in similar cir­ as Dean, and the extent of possible future 32. On April 17, 1975, at a meeting, White cumstances, and if we are to remain a control. induced two trustees to agree to affiliation free people, with Government as our 22. On February 21, 1975, White delivered by advising them that accreditation would servant and not our master, we would do a.n inspection report falsely concluding that be withheld witliout it. well to heed the lesson of the Cuban gull. the Delaware Law School did not substan­ 33. In Aprll 1975, White refused the request control experience, as related in the fol­ tially meet accreditation standards, whereas of the law school trustees to send as inspec­ lowing article from Gun Week news­ it exceeded said standards, as used for other tors deans of independent law schools, and law schools, and whereas the alleged defi­ instead chose inspectors unfamiliar with the paper. For as I told the House Judiciary ciencies were non-existent, discriminatory, operation of trustees of independent law Committee earlier this year, in testifying meaningless, inherently self-contradictory, schools, with the intent of having the trus­ in opposition to new Federal firearms re­ or willfully false. (A copy of the criticisms tees of Delaware Law School found not to be strictions, if one group can, by popular and replies is annexed hereto as an exhibit.) meeting the Standards. political demand, be denied its rights 23. On February 21, 1975, White drafted 34. Pursuant to White's instructions, In­ and sacrificed on the altar of legislative and caused to be issued over the name of the spector Norvell, chairman of the team, in­ authoritarianism, then one by one all Accreditation Committee and Council a reso­ quired about Avins' influence with other groups can receive the same treatment. lution adopting the criticisms of the said members of the Board. In the end, no rights will remain sacred inspection report, well knowing that many 35. On May 10, 1975, Inspector Norvell ad­ members of those bodies had no knowledge of vised the Board of Trustees that he would nor freedoms safe. Tht: end result is tyr­ these criticisms. recommend accreditation only if the school anny-and with a disarmed and defense­ 24. The said February 21, 1975, resolution made a binding agreement to afftliate by less population, very likely that tyranny drafted by White was inherently and fraudu- August 1, 1975. would be here to stay. December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38955 I ask my colleagues to consider that our own sad story of 'gun control.' Do Ameri­ secret police. Only government people are prospect while reading the article that cans ever wonder what has enabled Castro allowed the privilege of :firearms. to remain in power through so many years "Cubans bitterly remember when Fidel follows: of blood, repression and tyranny? What they Castro used to tell them, 'Armas? Para Que?,' (From Gun Week, Nov.14, 1975) now call 'effective gun control' in the U.S. which means: "Arms? What For?" They WHY WE ARE FIGHTING: CUBAN LESSON certainly proved very effective indeed in remember how Castro assured them that (By Gene B. Crum) Cuba.. 'Cubans no longer need weapons,' and thalt Some months ago, I wrote a recapitulation "It began innocently enough, years before 'the Army and the Police will protect you.' So, of the basic reasons why we are fighting bad Castro, with the registration of weapons. Cubans are now 'protected.' gun legislation. I thought it was a routine This was ostenslvely done to 'combat crime.' "The vast majority of Cubans who left Certainly an honest citizen, the argument Cuba for political reasons now llve in the article, intended to bring up to date the citi­ went, would not object to registration. Only a zens who're just now entering the battle. Ap­ United States. They understand and watch criminal would not want gun registration. with dismay as 'Cuban Gun Control' hap­ parently the Lord blessed the article, because 'Good Cubans' want gun registration! the response to it was very favorable. With pens here in the United States. It is a rare "Ironically enough, this was happening and strange Cuban indeed who is for even this sort of encouragement, a writer needs at the time when Cuba was fast becoming little more to hit the same theme again. the mildest form of gun control. They know the International Playground of the Mafia. all a.bout gun control: it cost them their This time, we're focusing on the argu­ Mafiosi vacationed and operated openly in ment that national disarmament leads to country. CUba. Somehow the arguments were lost on SAME STEPS IN U.S. tyranny. Anti-gunners scorn this observa­ them. But, 'good Cubans' had gun registra­ tion, claiming that such things not only "Gene, lit ls surprising to me how this same tion. set of gun control steps, despite the fact that cannot, but do not happen. History refutes HANDGUN CONTROL IN CUBA them strongly, but they are not willing to it has happened in all Communist or dic­ learn from history. "Handgun control was next. After the tatorial countries (lately 1n Jia.ma.ica and However, millions of people in t he nation, ground had been prepared by the appropriate the Phllippines) is ignored in the United still uncommitted on the issue, are willing media blitz of 'crime control,' humanitarian States." to learn; so as information comes available, motives, accident control, arguments of I do not think there can be much to add we'll provide you with the data-"ammo" to 'only good for kllling other people,' etc., to a straight-forward testimonial such as use. First, a place close to home: Cuba. stiff-very stiff indeed-handgun controls the above. The man has, as we put it, "been were legislated into law. there," and not very long ago. As he points CUBA IN 1958 "All handguns of 'military' caliber were out, there is every evidence that we are "go­ In 1958, most Americans were a.ware of forbidden (such as .45 ACP, 9mm Luger, .380 ing there,'' and very soon, unless we in­ Cuba: a warm, Latin nation 90 miles south ACP) to civlllans and confiscated by pollce. dividually begin doing our basic civic duty, of Florida, covered with sugar-cane planta­ How did they know where the handguns spurred by our own consciences. tions, palms, tourist resorts, private busi­ were? The Registration Lists were their As a starter, you might make copies of this nesses, rumbas and Ernest Hemingway. The source of information. article and see to i·t that your local, state and newspap~rs and Life magazine also reminded "The remaining handgun owners (civil­ federal leaders receive them, along with a us that Cuba had some internal problems: ians) needed to be licensed and to show good firm letter directing their attention to the some weird "revolutionaries," which some cause for handgun ownership. It was a sys­ lessons which we can learn. rabid U.S. rightwingers insisted were Com­ tem guaranteed to insure that only friends (Note: the identity of the Cuban source munists, but which our media insisted were of the party then in power retained their !or this article will not be revealed unless merely "agrarian reformers" sprinkled with handguns. Penalties for breaking the law he agrees. Lately, physical attacks have begun a few "socialists" and liberals, were waging were harsh. to occur on pro-gun citizens, and we do not a guerrilla war of attrition against the Cu­ "At a.bout this time, more restrictive rules intend to make this man a target for harm.) ban government, which itself drew earned on shotguns and rifles were legislated. So far, criticism. the history of Cuban gun control was one of Leader of the revolutionaries was a progressively more stringent and regulatory bearded fellow named Fidel Castro, who steps. Each one made it more hard and re­ really didn't have all that much to say about strictive for the average, honest CUba.n to CITms. COUNTms ENDORSE CLEAN h is own politics, particularly when inter­ have or use weapons for sport or self-defense. AIR AMENDMENTS viewed by the U.S. news media. In 1959, Cas­ END OF OWNERSHIP tro celebrated the New Year by taking over Cuba. Liberals and the news media all over "The end of all Cuban civilian firearms HON. PAUL G. ROGERS the U.S. applauded wildly. Cubans started ownership ca.me suddenly with the coming OF FLORIDA leaving Cuba in little streams. The remain­ of Fidel Castro's Communist Revolution: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing Cubans became very watchful. "Fidel Castro took over Cuba on January 1, As the "agrarian reformers" settled in, 1959, on January 2, 1959, his xnilltia (armed Thursday, December 4, 1975 their policies quickly brought terror to the group )-with unregistered submachine guns, Mr. ROGERS. Mr. Speaker, the Com­ Cuban people. The streams of ref~es be­ automatic rifles, handguns and grenades-­ were taking over the police precincts and mittee on Interstate and Foreign Com­ came massive rivers, huge numbers fleeing will to South and Central America, Mexico, and confiscating the gun registration lists. These merce begin markup on the amend­ the United States. More fled to the Old World, were scrutinized !or 'enemies of the revolu­ ments to the Clean Air Act this week. primarily to Spain. tion' and total gun confiscation began in The Subcommittee on Health and the earnest. Environment has worked on this legisla­ MANY CUBANS IN U.S. In many oases, this was not easy to do as tion for 8 months in-trying to bring forth By 1975, estimates hold that roughly 10 armed resistance took place when courageous all the information necessary to make percent of the Cuban population has fled to Cubans did not submit to turning their fire­ the United States alone, where they are gen­ arms over. It was a hopeless resistance since decisions which a:ff ect all Americans. erally very welcome, and are received with 1n those cases, the Cuban Revolutionary During this period we have considered a great deal of sympathy by ordinary citi­ Army simply converged on that house and data and rationale from both individuals zens, but not all that much by the "liberal" slaughtered everyone in it. Many innocent and organizations on both sides of the political element, due to rather strong "con­ women and children were cruelly murdered clean air question. And, I believe, we servative" sentiments held by these who this way. An already largely disarmed popula­ have worked out a reasonable compro­ have already tasted the full fruition of tion could only stand by impotently as the "liberalism." mise which does address these concerns. Communists completed total confiscation of to How was it that these people had to leave all the firearms. In doing so, we have tried maintain a land which most of them miss dearly? How "The disarmed Cuban people were then the goal of cleaner air, but realized and was it that a handful of badly-equipped made ready for many more horrible things accepted the necessity of extending some guerrillas could war an established govern­ to come. of the deadlines and procedures for ment to destruction, then, still small in NOW ONLY ONE PARTY reaching those goals. Consideration was numbers, utterly subjugate a large nation also given to the problems of energy and of freedom-loving people? "Today, Fidel Castro and his army are still in control in Cuba. The Communist the economy. An important basic answer to this question Party is the only party. Nevertheless, there was sent to me some time ago by a Cuban­ Additionally, one of the major provi­ have been no elections in Cuba since the sions in the legislation transfers much .American who is a strong member of our elections of 1958. The jails and concentra­ Gun Week readership fraternity. In his own tion camps a.re full of abused, beaten and of the authority of the Environmental words, we'll continue: starved political prisoners. Protection Agency to State and local LETTER FROM CUBAN "The International Red Cross has never government. "At this time in which the media is en­ been permitted and will never be permitted Evidence that we have reached a bal­ couraging friendship between the U.S. and to inspeot these jails. The only weapons are ance in placing authority with State and the dictator Fidel Castro, Cubans remember in the hands of the armed forces and the local governing bodies comes in two en- 38956 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 dorsements; one from the National troversial nature of indirect source review by Act implementation were an intergovern­ League of Cities and the other from the requiring a study to determine the effective­ mental nightmare for local governments." ness of the program before it can be federally You have no doubt heard of the many in­ National Association of Counties. mandated. No state or locality would be pre­ stances in which the Federal Environmental I would like to include for the RECORD cluded from implementing their own pro­ Protection Agency went into cities and pre­ these two letters, which were sent to gram in this time span. If the EPA Adminis­ scribed the manner in which residents were Chairman STAGGERS and members of the trator determ.ines that indirect source review to travel, where they were to park, the Commerce Committee. I think they say will aid in the achievement of air quality, amount they were to pay for parking spaces, more than I could of the balance which he may require, but not federally impose, a and the street improvements that had to be this legislation has achieved and why it requirement for staites and local governm.ents initiated. Fortunately, due to increased pub­ to implement such programs. lic awareness of the problems of implement­ should meet congressional approval. There are a number of additional provi­ ing such unrealistic transportation plans, The letters follow: sions in this bill which also balance the need these proposals were never implemented as NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF COUNTIES, for meeting our clean air standards while Drescribed. New York, N.Y., November 13, 1975. ensuring the necessary intergovernmental One of the major deficiencies in the exist­ Hon. HARLEY 0. STAGGERS, cooperation in this effort. ing law is the requirement for air pollution Chairman, Interstate and Foreign Cthe New York Times article at this atives of voluntary alcoholism agencies munity, without excess federal interference. witnessed the signing of an historic The overall regulatory strategy developed point in the Record: [From the New York Times, Dec. 4, 1975] agreement between the National Coun­ under the Clean Air Act utilizes: motor cil on Alcoholism and Talent Four Art­ vehicle emission controls to reduce the SIMON LEANS To ENDING LOOPHOLES IN TAX CODE ists, Ltd., in the fight against alcoholism amount of noxious pollutants emitted from which claims 9 million victims. the automobile; transportation controls to (By Ronald Smothers) reduce the overall level of carbon monoxide, The signing followed a reception hon­ hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides in order Treasury Secretary William E. Simon said oring Robert Thomsen, author of the to meet the primary standards; preconstruc­ here last night that he was "increasingly best selling book, "Bill W.," and William tion review of indirect sources to bring about attracted" to the idea of eliminating the Borchert and Harold Rand, Talent Four development in a manner which enables the "myriad so-called loopholes which now Utter our tax code." Artists, Ltd., producers of the forthcom­ region to meet air quality standards; and, ing production of the film based on the air quality maintenance plans (currently be­ His comments, in a speech he had pre­ ing developed in 168 metropolitan areas) to pared for delivery at the 27th national con­ life of Bill W. ensure that air quality standards attained ference of the tax foundation, were part of a As most of us know, since its founda­ through the above-mentioned strategies are general, three-part prescription for economic tion in 1935 by Bill W., Alcoholics Anony­ maintained. Within this context, the "signi­ recovery. They represented the first time that mous has saved literally millions of peo­ ficant deterioration" provision serves as an a Ford Administration official has indicated ple from this disease. equalizer, enabling all areas of the country that the Administration was seriously look­ ing at the simplified graduated tax on indi­ The thrust of the agreement between to join in the fight for clean air without the National Council on Alcoholism and fighting each other. It ls in many respects viduals as an alternative to the current, the cornerstone of the Clean Air Act on complicated system of credits, special de­ the film producers is that both organiza­ which the eventual realization of clean alr ductions, exclusions and personal tax pref­ tions will work closely together to pro­ goals is predicated. In the absence of such erences. mote the film, to publicize the fact that a foundation, it is difficult to predict whether The idea, considered a radical one by many, help is available to our country's 9 mil­ the institutional commitment, required for has never gained broad acceptance within lion alcoholics through the local affiliates attainment of even the primary air standards the Administration or on Capitol Hill. In of the National Council on Alcoholism at the state and local levels, can ever be fact, the tax bill currently on the floor of and that the producers will explore all developed. the House has been criticized by many as a possibilities in providing a share of the I hope you will take these comments into watering-down of earlier measures aimed at reducing the tax savings available through profits from this motion picture to the consideration when you deliberate on this these mechanisms. great work of the National Council on legislation this session. The nation's cities The Secretary said that any serious at­ Alcoholism. stand ready to assist you in this most im­ tempt to change the system along the lines Mr. Speaker, this is a fine example of portant matter of urban concern. of a simplified tax would probably have to the efforts upon the part of the volun­ We greatly appreciate the opportunity to be put off until 1976 and possibly until after express these concerns and look forward to tary sector to deal with the enormous the Presidential election. problem of alcoholism. We are working your Committee's favorable action on this He said that studies indicated that a low­ legislation. ering of tax rates across the board that would at the Governmental level to reduce the Sincerely, come with the elimination of the special de­ staggering incidence of alcoholism ALAN BEALS, through the various programs of the Na­ Executive Vice President, ductions and credits could be accomplished National League of Cities. without lowering total income tax revenue. tional Institute on Alcohol Abuse and He said that by eliminating the special tax Alcoholism, but we cannot do it all, and advantages and setting a tax rate of from we are extremely heartened that the 10 to 12 percent for the lower income tax­ voluntary sector is moving forward so payer and 35 to 40 percent for the higher effectively. SIMONS LEANS TO ENDING income taxpayer, "everyone would be paying LOOPHOLES IN TAX CODE a percentage or paying his or her fair share." The following is the text of the actual Current rates are ,14 percent at the lower agreement signed on November 18, 1975: end of the taxpaying spectrum and up to 70 AGREEMENT HON. ABNER J. MIKVA percent at the higher end. 1. Every effort will be made to arrange for OF ILLINOIS Mr. Simon said that elimination of all but a series of premiere benefit performances of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the standard deduction allowed under the the motion picture "Bill W." throughout the 1975 tax reduction act and treating capital country to benefit NCA and NCA affiliated Thursday, December 4, 1975 gains and other currently sheltered income organizations. Mr. MIKVA. Mr. Speaker, I was as ordinary income, the Federal Government 2. Wherever possible, the producers will could increase its tax income by $50 billion. include mention of the fact that help is pleased to read in this morning's New This in turn could be converted into a 30 available to the alcoholic population of the York Times that Treasury Secretary percent across-the-board tax cut without United States through local affiliates of the Simon is giving serious thought to a tax any revenue loss, he said. National Council on Alcoholism. reform proposal advocated by me and Another part of Mr. Simon's prescription 3. Whenever possible, personalities assocl- CXXI--2454-Part 30 38958 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 ated with the motion picture, "Bill W." will achievable because the a.rid climate at cleanup of the last several years, sludge make appearances at major NCA meetings, Brownsville makes solar evaporation work. disposal has increasingly become an even such as the National Alcoholism Forum. The system wtll enable the Brownsville plant 4. NCA will use its channels of communi­ to meet the U.S. Congress 1985 clean water greater problem. Some processes w:Rich cation to keep its constituency current on the goals in 1977, the completion date for the have been developed are not only costly progress of the motion picture so that its project. The corporation emphasized that the but are consumers of great quantities of interest will be sustained. zero-discharged goal is attainable at Browns­ energy. 5. NCA, 1f requested, will render technical ville because of the climate, but is not It has long been recognized that sludge assistance to the producers to assure that the achievable at similar plants in other areas. held great potential as a fertilizer, but technical aspects of alcoholism are projected Construction is scheduled to start this year until now, various processes developed accurately in the motion picture. on a four-section, 100-acre evaporation pond have not proven cost effective. The com­ 6. The producers will explore all possibili­ on a site behind the chemical plant. Nine­ ties to provide a share of the profits from foot dike walls will surround the pond. An posting process developed by the ARS is t.his motion picture to NCA. expanded process wastewater and rainwater unique not only because it is an eco­ Talent Four Artists purchased the motion collection system will be built to gather all nomical method, but because ARS tests picture and television rights to the "Bill W." process wastewaters for the evaporation indicate the process destroys all bacteria biography in June for a cost in excess of pond. and viruses in the raw sludge, making it $250,000. The production budget for the film In addition, changes will be made within very safe to use. is expected to be around $4,000,000. Stuart production units at the plant to reduce the George B. Willson and John M. Walker Millar has been signed as director-producer. hydraulic and organic waste loads and to Andy Lewis is currently working on the eliminate seawater from the process wastes have prepared a paper which appeared screenplay. going into the new system. in the Journal of Waste Recycling en­ A. A. founder Blll Wilson, who died in 1971, Union Carbide's environmental managers titled, "Composting Sewage Sludge: was an intense young man, a successful Wall explain that liquid waste materials pumped How?" The paper explains the basic Street investment banker who drank himself into the evaporation pond will be oxidized composting process and I would like to into total financial ruin and degradation, to harmless carbon dioxide and water. Al­ include it in the RECORD at this point: fa111ng family and friends. though Brownsville's arid climate is expected COMPOSTING SEWAGE SLUDGE: How? In June of 1935, Bill was pronounced a to result in efficient evaporation, aerating hopeless alcoholic by prominent psychia­ pumps will be used as needed to speed the (By George B. Willson, Agricultural Engineer, trists, had a miraculous spiritual awaken­ oxidation and evaporation process. College Park, Md., and John M. Walker, ing and launched Alcoholics Anonymous, a Studies indicate that it will take almost Soll Scientist, Beltsville, Md.) program of recovery that continues to save 20 years before there 1s a substantial buildup Before I became involved with the sewage millions from depravation, insanity and of solids in the evaporation pond. At that sludge composting project, I had been in­ death. time, solids can be dredged out and safely vestigating the composting of animal A.A. today is a world-wide organization land-filled. · manures for several years. The sludge project with more than 25,000 groups in more than Weather data from Brownsville, recorded provided an opportunity to expand my re­ 94 different countries. In just 40 short years, from 1931 to 1960, shows an annual rainfall search to another kind of waste and test Btll Wilson helped spark one of the greatest average of about 27 inches. Water in the area some of my laboratory findings on a large social revolutions of this century. evaporates at the rate of about 88 inches a scale. year, according to pan evaporation data. Sewage sludge has been used as an additive Plant environmental experts state that to municipal refuse to enhance composting, with the pond, 35 inches of wastewater­ but very little effort has been made to com­ equalling 96 million gallons a year-can be post sludge itself. Our objective was to adapt ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION evaporated. This means the evaporation rate currently available technology and equip­ SYSTEM with the arid climate will far exceed even ment to the composting of sewage sludge. the maximum flow of wastewater to the There was an urgent need to develop within pond. After evaporation, the pure water re­ a few months the capacity for processing the HON. E de la GARZA turns to the earth as clean rainfall, free of 600 tons of sludge per day produced by the OF TEXAS any wastes. Blue Plains Sewage Treatment Plant in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The pond will use aerobic treatment to Washington, D.C. area. Considering the com­ eliminate odors. Extensive soil studies on the posting equipment available, our only feasi­ Thursday, December 4, 1975 permeab111ty of the ground at the pond site ble choice was a windrow operation. Mr. DE LA GARZA. Mr. Speaker, Union concluded that there is no problem with In December 1972, we obtained several Carbide Corp. recently announced plans leakage of chemical wastes. dump truck loads of sludge for experimenta­ Since the evaporation system will use only tion to determine the need for conditioning for a landmark environmental protection small horsepower pumps, it will offer sub­ the sludge to facllitate the composting system using solar evaPoration at its stantial energy savings compared to other process. This sludge has a solids content of chemical plant in Brownsville, Tex., in systems that were considered. 20 to 25%. my congressional district. Union Ga.rblde's Brownsville plant burns We wanted to utmze the aerobic thermo­ When the system is completed all 97 per cent of its liquid wastes as boiler philic compost process because it is relatively wastewater discharges to the Brownsville fuel-both to conserve energy and to cut the quick. In this process, biological oxidation Ship Channel will be eliminated. This wastewater treatment load. The evaporation of the wastes generates heat which may zero-discharge goal can be achieved be­ pond will treat the remaining three per raise the temperature as high as 160° F. cent. The high temperatures should provide some cause of the area's climate. I might add pathogen control. that the climate is only one of the nu­ Convective air movement is essential to merous advantages offered industry in provide oxygen for the microorganisms. In South Texas. COMPOSTING SEWAGE SLUDGE dense windrows with little air movement, I congratulate the management of oxygen levels drop to zero in less than one Union Carbide on its vision and initia­ hour after turning. The aerobic organisms, HON. GILBERT GUDE which need oxygen, provide the heat for tive in moving ahead with this signifi­ OF MARYLAND cant environmental protection system. warming the windrow. Convective forces IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cause the air to rise a.s it is heated, therefore As a fuller explanation of what is in­ producing a natural chimney effect. The rate volved, I include as part of my remarks Thursday, December 4, 1975 of air exchange can be regulated by control­ a news release giving details about the Mr. GUDE. Mr. Speaker, I recently ling the porosity and size of the Windrow. If process: had the opportunity to visit with scien­ the windrow is too dense or too large, it will UNION CARBIDE SoUTH TExAs PLANT PLANS tists at the Agricultural Research Service be mainly anaerobic and will emit offensive $4.4 MILLION ZERO-DISCHARGE ENVIRONMEN­ odors. Conversely, 1f the air moves too rapidly, in Beltsville, Md., where they have de­ the temperature cannot rise and the process TAL PROTECTION SYSTEM veloped a useful process for composting BROWNSVILLE, TEX., November 7.-:-Union will be slowed. raw sewage sludge. The process, which Three bulking agents-sawdust, shredded Carbide Corporation today announced plans is basically quite simple, offers enormous paper, or woodchlps-were mixed with vari­ for a $4.4 mlll1on, zero-discharge environ­ potential for both small and large com­ ous quantities of sludge to test their poten­ mental protection system using solar evap­ tial for developing the necessary porosity in oration for the process wastewater at its munities throughout America which have struggled over the problems of the windrow. Twenty-two combinations of chemical plant here. materials, including both raw and digested All wastewater discharges to the Browns­ sludge disposal for years. With the de­ sludge, were tested. The sludge and bulking ville Ship Channel will be e11m.1nated when velopment of more and more treatment materials were Inixed in approximately five­ the system 1s completed. Zero-discharge is facilities as a result of the environmental cubic-yard batches and stacked in a cone- December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38959 shaped pile, to simulate the effect of a wind­ tinuously and start it composting during She still receives many letters from some row. The piles were turned every few days some relatively unfavorable weather. There of the hundreds of carriers who worked for with a front-end loader. Temperatures and has been some odor from the fresh sludge, but her and are now scattered and raising fami­ oxygen levels within the piles were monitored better process control at the sewage treat­ lies throughout the country. to determine the effectiveness of the convec­ ment plant may reduce that. The final prod­ Miss Good came to know most of the fami­ tive aeration. Built density and moisture con­ uct has the same faintly earthy odor a.s other lies and their members on the Mount and was tent were measured for their potential use to composts. When construction a. t the site is a recognized authority on streets here. control the process. completed, we will have the capability for DEPARTING WISH These tests were conducted outdoors dur­ composting most of the sludge produced by the Blue Plains Sewage Treatment Plan. Her departing wish on the eve of her re­ ing January, February and March 1973. Low tirement were for the good health of others air temperatures affected pile temperature SUMMARY and prosperity and the return of the Mount less than the frequent heavy rains received. Prellmlnary tests indicate that sewage to its active, bustling business community. All trials showed some signs of composting; sludge can be windrow composted if a bullt­ For herself she intends to take life easier however, the shredded paper-sludge mixtures ing a.gent is added. Good results were ob­ soon settled into a compact mass that air at her home at 39 Cushman St. where she re­ tained with either woodchips or sawdust. sides with a brother, George. could not penetrate. Both the chip and the Finely shredded paper was not a. satisfactory sawdust continued to compost satisfactorily. Miss Good wa.s born Nov. 22, 1910, at 42 bulking agent. Woodchips were used for the Greenbush St. in the same house where her Woodchips were selected for the pilot opera­ pilot operation, since they can be screened tion because they were readily available and father, George E. Good, was born. Her out of the compost for reuse. The sludge can mother's name was Marie. can be screened out and reused. be composted outdoors in Maryland, despite While these tests were progressing, a com­ She attended St. Mary of the Mount School some operational problems mainly due to and in the fourth grade transferred to posting site was selected at the Beltsville rainfall. Agricultural Research Center. The windrow Prospect. aree. is paved with 18 inches of crushed SOUTH mLLS GRADUATE stone to support heavy truck tramc and the PITTSBURGH NEWSPAPER WOMAN She graduated from south Hills High windrow composter. When expanded, it will School in January, 1929, as she recalls "at cover about five acres. Another aree. will be RETIRES AFTER 35 YEARS OF the height of the depression." used for stockpiling materials and for final WORK Unable to secure work at the time with curing of the compost. A scale 1s located at the slump spragging the economy to a. near the entrance to the site to weigh all mate­ HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD halt, she helped out at home. rials. A separate windrow area. adjacent to Miss Good started to work on Oct. 12, the entrance will be used for more detailed OF PENNSYLVANIA 1940-Columbus Day-at the newspaper. research investigations. The entire site is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES graded to collect all runoff in a detention She was hired by Bernhard C. Zitzmann. pond. Accumulated runoff will be spray ir­ Thursday, December 4, 1975 owner of the South Hllls Publishing Co., and grandfather of Roger (Mike) Zitzmann, pres­ rigated on a. wooded area adjacent to the site. Mr. MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania. Mr. Several wells were installed in January to ent owner of the firm. monitor ground-water qua.llty a.round the Speaker, the Pittsburgh newspaper world After the death of the elder Zitzmann, she site. As a. precaution against possible odor is one stalwart less today. continued to work for Karl N. and Bernhard problems, odor-masking equipment was in­ Flora B. Good has announced her re­ G. Zitzmann, both deceased. stalled. tirement after 35 years of newspaper WAVES FROM MANY By March 30, 1973 a portion of the win­ work. With her 35 years spent in the same build­ drow area was ready for use, and received A life-long resident of Pittsburgh's ing-a. former theater--on Shiloh Street, she the first delivery of sludge. We have been in Mount Washington area, as were her became well acquainted during the years continuous operation on a limited scale for father and grandfather, Miss Good with a large number of people. one month despite unfavorable weather. Ad­ Many waved or stopped in for a chat on ditional research wlll provide a basis for chronicled the activities of the Mount's residents for three and a half decades as their way down Shiloh Street to the lncllne more emcient processing and selection of al­ and also had a wave when returning at the ternative modes of operation. editor of the community newspaper, the end of the day. The compost site operations are as follows: Mount Washington News. Her long association caused one Shiloh 1. A layer of chips 15 inches deep and 15 Miss Good is as well known and loved businessman to wryly remark, "I thought she feet wide is placed on the paved area. The in her community as is the breathtaking ca.me with the building." sludge ls distributed on the chips at a ratio panoramic view of surrounding Pitts­ NUMBER OF AWARDS of one part sludge to three parts chips by burgh that Mount Washington otiers its volume. The compost machine then forms She received a number of awards and the sludge and chips into a. windrow. Several many visitors . . honors during her tenure as editor. On one more turnings are necessary to thoroughly In announcing her retirement from occasion, Flora B. Good Day was proclaimed blend the two materials. full-time newspaper work, Miss Good al­ .as the Boy Scouts paid tribute. She also has 2. The windrow is turned five times a. ready has made it clear that she will received honors from the Lions Club and the week. Interior temperatures in the windrows manage to come back to her old desk­ Allegheny County Health Department. have reached 140° F. Turning mixes the sur­ and its window on Mount Washington She is a member of the Woman's Club of face material to the center of windrow for and its residents-at least a few hours Mt. Washington and was secretary of the exposure to the high temperatures and in­ each week. Grandview Lions Blood Bank since its start. creases the porosity of the windrow for better Everybody who knows Flora Good and She is a charter member of St. Justin's air distribution. Catholic Church, on Boggs Avenue. 3. After two weeks, the windrow is flattened what she means to the community of In addition to her brother, George, men­ out in place to a 12-inch layer, and harrowed Mount Washington-and vice versa-­ tioned, she has a sister, Mrs. Helen Ayotte. for further drying. When the material has wishes this delightful woman a most Another brother, Albert, is deceased. dried to less than 35 % moisture content, a happy and fruitful retirement. COVERED MEETINGS second loading of sludge is applied. Rain or At this time I would like to introduce During her earlier years in writing, Miss high relative humidity can delay reaching into the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, the lead Good attended a large number of community this moisture content. The windrow 1s then news story from the Mount Washington meetings, working until 10 or 11 o'clock to subjected to another two week heating cycle. News, of November 27, announcing Miss write up the proceedings. Additional sludge lo.a.dings will be made as Good's retirement: Her activity has been limited after suffer­ long as satisfactory composting conditions FLORA B. Goon RETmEs AS EDITOR OF NEWS ing a. broken knee in a fall. can be maintained. AFTER 35 YEARS WITH PAPER One of her greatest joys came through her 4. When material is removed from the Blessed Events column in which she recorded windrow operation, it will be stockpiled for After 35 years of faithfully chronicling the events of the community, Flora B. Good has the births of children. here. She has watched an additional 30 days' curing and storage. many of them graduate and become parents. The curing phase ls expected to improve the retired as editor of The Mount Washington News. Her father worked for the P&LE Railroad quality of the compost for use as a soil con­ and her grandfather, Anthony, was a miner ditioner. I also expect that the curing may And with her editorial farewell ends an be important in controlling pathogens. era. and millman. For Miss Good 1s a member of a pioneer Through talking with both her father ar.d 5. After curing or windrowing, the chips grandfather, she built a. firm foundation for may be screened out of the compost for re­ Mount family. Her father and her grand­ use as a bulking agent. Further experimenta­ father also were local lifetime residents. her knowledge of the Mount. tion will determine whether they should be HOST OF FRIENDS RECALLS COMMUNITY EVENTS screened out be.fore or a.fter the stockplling. Beloved and respected .for her efforts to She recalled the many pleasures at .family For some uses, the chips may be left in the impartially present the news, Miss Good won picnics at Olympia Park and expressed the compost. a. host of friends in all walks of life during hope the oldtime spirit of such occasions can We have been able to receive sludge con- her long association with the newspaper. be revived. 38960 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 Miss Good will continue to work, probably tary duty, and at least a siXth of these had increasing pressure of public opinion, the one day a week at the omce. defects which were remediable; many more American Medical Association and the insur­ Speaking on behalf of the South Hllls had preventable defects. ance industry no longer debates about Printing Co., publisher of The News, Mr. Zitz­ A Subcommitte on Health and Education whether we should have a national health mann, president, paid glowing tribute to of the Senate Committee on Education and care program, but rather what kind of pro­ Miss Good for the fine association and record Labor was established in 1943 and I became gram we need. However, the health insurance over the 35 years and voiced the wish on be­ Chairman. I had introduced the Resolution. proposals that have their support are, in my half of fellow employes for happiness and In March 1946, the Subcommittee published opinion, inadequate. Only H.R. 21 provides health in the yea.rs of retirement. a report after an investigation of health care, for a single standard of comprehensive bene­ and the following facts published in that Re­ fits; universal coverage; access to health care port showed the gravity of the Nation's as a matter of right for all Americans despite heal th problem: their income levels; strong cost controls; H.R. 21, TO CREATE A NATIONAL ". . .. more than 23,000,000 people in the built-in quality controls; incentives for re­ SYSTEM OF HEALTH SECURITY country, have some chronic disease or phys­ form of the health care delivery system; ical impairment. On any one day, at least minimum administrative overhead cost; 7000,000 people in the United States are in­ equitable financing; and substantive con­ HON. CLAUDE PEPPER capacitated by sickness or other disabi11ty, sumer representation. Only H.R. 21 includes half of them for 6 months or more. Illness all of these provisions and only H.R. 21 pro­ OF FLORIDA and accidents cause the average industrial vides for the scope of preventative health IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES worker to lose about 12 days from production care services that were found to be so lack­ Thursday, December 4, 1975 a year, a loss of a.bout 600,000,000 man-days ing in our health ca.re system during the annually. Sickness and accidents cost the Senate Congressional hearings back in the Mr. PEPPER. Mr. Speaker, I was Nation at least $8,000,000,000 a year, half of Forties. pleased to testify before the Health Sub­ this a.mount in wage loss and half in medical The other major health insurance pro­ committee of the Ways and Means Com­ costs." posals also persist in providing for coin­ mittee today to urge congressional ap­ The Subcommittee concluded: surance, deductibles, or copayments, which "Even before modern medicine had reached have proven to be an illusory deterrent to proval of H.R. 21, the National Health its present peak of complexity and special­ I overutilization and instead only discourage Security Act, which am cosponsoring. ization, the fee-for-service, individual prac­ many Americans, especially those in the I have supported the social insurance tice method of providing medical care did not middle-income range, from securing medical approach to the financing and providing meet the Nation's health needs. Now it is a care. It is well established also that the of health care since 1936 when I first be­ complete anachronism. It results in barriers physician controls utilization rather than came a member of the U.S. Senate. I to good health care which keep not only low­ the patient under our present delivery sys­ commended the distinguished chairman income people, but most middle-income fam­ tem. of the subcommittee, Representative ilies, from the fruits of modern medical Mr. Chairman, many of my distinguished science. It inhibits the full use of modern DAN ROSTENKOWSKI, and the members of colleagues favor enactment of a catastrophic preventive medicine since it forces most peo­ health care bill now as an interim measure, the subcommittee for their steadfastness ple to wait until they are seriously ill before However, I believe until we have the reform in the consideration of national health going to a doctor. And it leaves any family provided for in H.R. 21, a catastrophic com­ legislation which is such an important the prey of unexpected crippling costs from promise, like the Medicare compromise of part of the Congress responsibility for medical bills and wage loss. On top of the 1965, wlll not serve the purpose intended by this Nation's total economic and social natural tragedy of illness may be heaped the Congress. We must also have the grants welfare. I urge my colleagues' careful economic catastrophe." to develop social care services to aid chroni­ study of the policy and provisions which The Subcommittee recommended: cally ill, aged and other homebound patients "The need for health insurance has be­ I presented in my testimony, as follows: along wt.th the acute benefits. come clear. The well-tried American way of Strong cost controls must be provided for H.R. 21, To CREATE A NATIONAL SYSTEM OF meeting the hazards of life by spreading risks in health care legislation. Under H.R. 21, the HEALTH SECURITY and by prepaying costs is applicable to health same cOSlts being borne today by individuals, (Statement of Congressman CLAUDE PEPPER) services." insurance companies and governments to Mr. Chairman and distinguished members This Senate report was followed by a Gal­ purchase health care for some more fortu­ of the Subcommittee on Health, I am pleased lup Poll published May 20, 1946, which indi­ nate Americans would be used to provide to have this opportunity to testify today in cated that a Federally sponsored, compre­ comprehensive health care services for all our support of H.R. 21, the National Health Se­ hensive health insurance program for all nation's citizens. Lt will not cost an addi­ curity Act, which I am cosponsoring. I com­ Americans, had the support in a Gallup poll tional $118 billion to enact H.R. 21, but only mend the Subcommittee in persisting in the of 55 per cent of the public. The Truman­ approximately the same $118 bUlion the na­ consideration of national health legislation backed Wagner-Murray-Dingell blll which I tion spends today! The cost control provi­ especially in these times when the economy, cosponsored had been introduced at that sions, the incentives for reform of the health taxation and energy legislation has required time, but it never reached the floor of the ca.re delivery system, and the minimum ad­ so much of the full Ways and Means Com­ Congress. ministrative overhead cost, assure this result. mittee's time. I feel honored to join 111 of I am sure this Subcommittee is aware of This bill does not socialize medicine--the my colleagues in the Congress in pressing the Caddell report published in The Wash­ radical alternative supported by 22% of for favorable consideration of H.R. 21 which ington Post "Parade" for November 30, 1975, Americans according to the Caddell survey. is based on the finding that "the health of which indicated that interviewees when It merely provides for the reimbursement of the Nation's people is the foundation 0f offered a series of four health care alterna­ practitioners on a fee schedule or capitation their well-being and of our Nation's strength, tives: only 13 per cent endorsed "keeping basis, and reimbursement of facilities on a productivity, and wealth." In view of the things as they are today," 23 per cent favored prospective budget basis. The delivery of continuing declining state of public health "a small system where poor people are given heal·th services remains in the private sector, and rising health care costs, it is clear that medical insurance and everyone is protected but the budgeting system for the financing an improved health care program is an in­ against major illness," another 35 per cent of health care would be the responsibility of tegral part of the Congress' responsibility for supported "a system of national health in­ a single Federal agency. All American tax­ this nation's total economic and social wel­ surance which guarantees every person as payers have contributed to the education of fare. much care as he or she needs," and an amaz­ doctors through Federal capita.tion grants, I am aware of the plethora of reliable evi­ ing 22 per cent lined up behind the most scholarships and other a.id to medical educa­ dence which has been presented to this Sub­ radical alternative--"a. totally nationalized tion. Hospitals have been built with ma.tch­ committee in support of H.R. 21 by many system where not only is everyone guaranteed ing Federal Hill-Burton funds. Millions of competent and distinguished witnesses, and as much health care as he or she needs, but Federal dollars too have been allocated for I am cognizant of the long history of the doctors and hospitals are taken over by the medical research to conquer cancer and other national debate on health insurance. I have government and prices are regulated." crippling diseases. It is time now to provide supported the social insurance approach to A recent survey of business on national a system whereby all Americans may benefit the financing and providing of health care health insurance, released August 25, 1975, is from the advances in medical knowledge and to all Americans since 1936 when I first be­ relevant to the increasing public demand for technology by comprehensive utilization of came a member of the United States Sen­ reform in our nation's health care delivery all prevenrta,.tive and acute health services ate. That was just one year after the enact­ system. According to The Btuiness Round and fe.cllities. ment of the Social Security Act, when the Table, extensive national survey, 59% of a The Na1t1onal Health Securtty Act creates a need for health care reform was recognized sub-sample of 1,039 respondents in the busi­ naitiona.l climate more conducive to effective but was not favorably considered. ness world indicated they felt that "some and consistent cost control because it en­ The Second World War came along in the kind of national health insurance plan is a courages preventative health ca.re measures. 1940's and the Nation was shocked by the good idea; 23 % responded it was a bad idea; It fully promotes the development and the fact that over 40 percent of the United States and 18% indicated they did not know. utilization of preventive health ca.re delivery selectees were found physically unfit for mill- As a result of the increasing need and the systems. The public would be educated and December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38961 encouraged to visit physicians for routine ex­ sity of San Francisco Law School. He was He wrote a column "Big D" about people aminations or for diagnoses of possible the semor partner m the law firm of and ideas for the people of Dallas. symptoms of serious ailments before pro­ Brennan & Brass. When he died last month, Bob Baskin longed mness or disease occurs. John Brennan was an officer in the Our physicians advise us that the stresses and Frank Tolbert who have shared inherent in the "aotive" life-styles of the San Francisco Lawyers' Club, and a many a newspaper assignment with Mr. twentieth century and those brought about member of the San Francisco and Cali­ Crume wrote of his talent-as a journal­ by the environment, including poUutan.ts, fornia Bar Associations, the American ist and as a person. And as his colleagues, noise, radio-activity and other eternal fac­ Trial Lawyers' Association, and the they attested to the fact that Paul tors, cause many of our medical problems. American Board of Trial Advocates. Crume was a prophet very much with The heart and circulatory diseases (includ­ He was also a member of the Olympic honor in his homeland during his life­ ing strokes) account for more than half of Club and the University of San Francisco time. our national dea.ths and cancer causes an­ Century Club. He was an Army veteran, other 20 per cent. These "mortal" diseases All three of these men hold high the can be detected by "premortal" signs, such as having served in the 1950's as an officer standards of our first freedom-freedom high blood pressure, ulcers, and neurological in Europe. of the press. conditions, which can be treated if the symp­ John Brennan is survived by his wife, And I offer their columns so that all toms are discovered early enough in the Marty, two daughters, Grace and Erin, may know the virtue of good journalism course of preventative medical practice. and three sons, Sean, Padraic and Chris­ when executed by a g-0od man who left Congress has recognized fully the need for topher, as well as a brother, Patrick. his mark on a city and his colleagues as the expenditures of approximately $91 billion John Brennan was one of my closest for our national defense, but I maintain the a 39-year veteran newsman. foundation of national defense is the health friends. We met during our years in law I have to echo Bob Baskin's personal of the American people which must take school, where we became inseparable as note. "Yes, we have lost a good man." equal priority in national concern. The Fed­ members of the "Cowards' Corner Study The articles follow: eral government regulates the defense indus­ Group." [From the Dallas Morning News, Nov. 17, try. It a.loo regulates and imposes cost con­ He was one of the most remarkable 1975] trols on the transportation industry and human beings I have ever met. He many other industries and this has proven worked his way through law school BIG D's PAUL CRUME DIES AT 63 not to have impeded the growth and vitality working at a full-time job, and at the (By Frank X. Tolbert) of the free enterprise system. The success of same time raising a family of three chil­ Paul Crume, The Dallas News' peerless these programs are documented in history­ columnist, died of cancer early Sunday morn­ no longer hypothetical dreams. It is my be­ dren. He was outstanding in his ability ing. He was 63. lief that this historical paJttern can be dupli­ to capture the essence of legal study "on Crume was nationally renowned as a writer cated with national health insurance for all the head of a pin." His examination of wise humorous essay columns. He had Americans. paper on the subject of wills was the best been terribly ill for about six months. stm, Mr. Cha.irman, distinguished colleagues, let in his law school class. he continued to compose brilliant columns me now recall for you the immortal words of In a relatively few short years, he until four days before his death in a Dallas our late President John F. Kennedy, when hospital. over a decade ago he stated: "Ask not what gained a reputation as one of the finest trial attorneys in the State of California. Last Thursday's Dallas News was graced by your country can do for you, but ask what the final column of this extraordinary man. you can do for your country!" In an effort to Many of the jury verdicts received on be­ The subject was death. He wrote at the start: illustrate the importance and vitally urgent half of the clients of John Brennan were "The courts continue their gradual en­ need for the legislation I appear before you of landmark proportions. slavement of the people. The judge who has today supporting-I have reflected on this There are many things that can be been trying the Karen Quinlan case up in statement, and I have rearranged it in a said about John Brennan, but I believe New Jersey has now declared that nobody manner even more consistent with our rec­ the statement by San Francisco's world has a constitutional right to die. ognized democratic idea.ls. Perhaps today, it renowned columnist, Herb Caen, puts it "We wish that people would rise up against might be said: "Ask not only what your this latest usurpation of legislative power. country can do for you, but ask what you as beautifully as can be stated: Legislatures cannot only authorize you to can do for your country." The addition of Too young to die: that insipid phrase kept die; sometimes they help you along ..." the word "only" implies this Nation's re­ buzzing through my brain Monday when I Crume must have sensed he was about to sponsibility to provide for its people. heard that lawyer John Brennan was dead die. And yet he could write with humor in Rephrasing this statement, we are now of a heart attack at 43. He was a bright and his final printed words: provided with the necessary double-edged delightful fellow with a big and beautiful "The question of the constitutionality of sword now lacking in our democratic family-a true life-enhancer-and should dying raises some interestiI\g questions about society. It is clear that a government that have been adding his distinctive lilt to the basic law. We have searched the Constitution bas been, throughout its history, asking i1ts lyrics of San Francisco for long years to come. d111gently and can find in it no constitutional people to defend its boundaries from those Mr. Speaker, I know that you and the right to be born. We are talking here a.bout external forces bearing upon them, must now the United States Constitution; nobody can recognize its role in oombatting those forces other Members of the U.S. House of Rep­ find anything in the Texas Constitution. bearing upon the healith and vitality of its resentatives would like to join with me Since a man has no constitutional right to be people. Our country is only as strong as the and Congressman PmLLIP BURTON, in born or to die, his whole life appears to be strength of the citizens who defend it. sending our deepest regrets to the family unconstitutional ..." of John L. Brennan. Ernest Paul Crume physically resembled Abraham Lincoln. Also he resembled the 16th president in compassion and native wit and JOHN L. BRENNAN wisdom. And like Lincoln he was born in "WE'VE LOST A GOOD MAN" February. The date was Feb. 24, 1912, and the scene was his parents' farm in the Ozarks HON. JOHN L. BURTON near the village of Alpena Pass, Ark. OF CALIFORNIA HON. DALE MILFORD The Crume family moved westward in 1918, in a covered wagon. And they finally settled . IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF TEXAS in Parmer County, Texas, adjoining the New Thursday, December 4, 1975 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mexico border. Crume made the hamlet of Thursday, December 4, 1975 Lariat, Parmer County, famous in his col­ Mr. JOHN L. BURTON. Mr. Speaker umns and in his remarkable book, "A Texan and Members, last week marked the un­ Mr. MILFORD. Mr. Speaker, distin­ at Bay." timely death of a dear and close friend of guished colleagues, there are a couple of He was near the top scholastically in his mine and of Congressman PHILLIP articles I would like to share with you. class when he was graduated from the Uni­ BURTON. They are written by two columnists on versity of Texas at Austin in 1936. This de­ John L. Brennan, a San Francisco trial the Dallas Morning News about a third spite the fact that he had to work his way lawyer prominent in Democratic political through the university, sometimes long hours columnist. as a cafe dishwasher. circles, died unexpectedly of a heart at­ Frequently we hear the comment, "a Crume ca.me to The Dallas News in June. tack at the age of 43. prophet is without honor in his home­ 1936. He didn't know it but the great Uni­ A third generation San Franciscan, land." versity of Texas historian, Dr. Walter Prescot~ and the son of the late attorney William But, if that is so, then front page col­ Webb, had called the publisher of The News .. Brennan, John graduated from the Uni­ umnist Paul Crume was the exception Ted Dealey, urging Dealey to "sign up versity of San Francisco and the Univer- that proved the rule for over 23 years. Crime." Paul was dumbfounded when he 38962 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 came in The Dallas News building and was phrase), Paul was highly dlscrim.1nating and parades and festivities and promises to at­ sent immediately to the publisher, Ted Dealey insistent on good taste. He rejected all that tract a crowd of over 40,000 fans. told him: "Go to work tomorrow." was inconsequential, trashy, maudlin or The Florida A&M Rattlers, 7-2, will host Crume had written his Page 1 column, trite. the Kentucky Thoroughbreds in this, the "Big D" since 1952, seldom missing an issue THE "COMMON" TOUCH third oldest Bowl Game in the nation. Sunday through Friday. He never took a va­ He did not believe in writing down to Coach Rudy Hubbard's Rattlers are bat­ cation without leaving columns to cover a young readers, believing that this was an in­ tling for the Southern Intercollegiate Ath­ brief vacation period. sult to their intellects. He did not find eru­ letic Conference Title and are ranked among The book of his select columns was pub­ dition offensive, and the idea that you had the top ten black colleges in the nation. lished in 1961 by McGraw-Hill of New York, to write for the Kansas City milkman he con­ The Thoroughbreds, under the coaching and he also wrote articles for Encyclopedia sidered ·a calculated affront to the bulk of of Leroy Smith, have completed a surprise Britannica on Texas. His stories were printed your readers in a fairly sophisticated com­ sea.son ea.ming their best record in recent in Readers Digest and other national maga­ munity. yea.rs and are eager to avenge a 27-9 loss to zines, and columnists all over the country After his Big D column, an idea of the late the Rattlers in the 1971 Classic. In this in­ cribbed his material. E. M. Ted Dealey, was in production, Paul vitational contest, the home team has a 2-1 Except for four years of service as a U.S. frequently was called upon for specific writ­ edge over Kentucky State and a 22-18-1 Navy officer in World War II, mostly in the ing tasks. These included occasional obitu­ overall record including their recent four North Pacific, Crume performed for The aries of remarkable people, and he brought year winning streak. Dallas News since that June in 1936. new dimensions to this frequently neglected The Florida A&M Marching 100, renowned He is survived by his wife, Marion, a field of the news. for its formations and cadence versatility, teacher at the Hockaday School, and by their His piece on Wick Fowler comes to mind will lead Saturday's festivities with a mid­ son, Christopher Orume, and by seven as being a particularly memorable one. But morning parade through Mia.mi and an ex­ brothers and one sister. there were plenty of others equally as good. ceptional half-time show. The PBS Network Funeral services will be Monday at 3 p.m. And his columns from the 1972 Republican will broadcast the Classic and the half-time at Cochran Chapel United Methodist Church, National Convention in Miami Beach, Fla., show. 9027 Midway Road in Dallas. were among his best and revealed a refresh­ Ron Pinkney, Sports Director of the Mu­ The services will be conducted by Paul ing perception of the political scene. tual Black Network, will provide play by crume's friend, Dr. E. C. Rowand Jr., pastor But I think probably his most spectacular play commentary for the Orange Blossom of Central Christian Chmch in Dallas. and ably done special writing assignment Classic to be televised live by the Public came Nov. 22, 1963, the most traumatic day Broadcasting Service, Saturday, Decem­ in Dallas history. ber 6th at 8 PM, EST. Buddy Young of the [From the Dallas Morning News, Nov. 19, Paul was given the task of writing the gen­ 1975] National Football League will work with eral lead story, pulling together all the event.s Pinkney as an analyst. GOODBY OLD FRIEND: You'LL BE MlsSED of the assassination of President Kennedy Pinkney joined the Mutual Black Network (By Robert E. Ba.skin) and what followed. in January, 1973 and now has two daily Most Dalias News readers knew Paul Crume, It was a story which was taking new turns sports shows broadcast nationally. He also who died Sunday, only as the columnist on almost hourly, and his was an assignment handles play by play for their weekly black the front page who brightened their day with that required the highest talents of journal­ college football broadcasts. his wit, his story-telllng knack and his price­ ism under intense deadline pressures. Buddy Young, a former Baltimore Colt, less essays on human foibles, including his The story in its final form was· a master­ joined the NFL's Commissioner's Office in own. piece. It was unsigned, but the imprint of 1965. But he was more than that. He was the Paul Crume's skill was unmistakable. Editor. columnist, humorist, instructor, The Classic is produced by WGBH Sports best all-around newspaperman I have ever Exec-Producer-Greg Harney, Director-Al known, and his talents included a percep­ special writer-you name it. He was all of Muir. tive news judgment, great skill at editing those things, and a great and understanding and a broad educational background that friend. enabled him to view events of the day in an historical context. MOORHEAD'S SPEECH ON It may have been true that he did not REDLINING suffer fools gladly, but he was too much of ORANGE BLOSSOM CLASSIC MAKES a soft-spoken gentleman to show it often. NATIONAL TELEVISION DEBUT He was more than ready to assist in the HON. JERRY M. PATTERSON training of any young person in our business OF CALIFORNIA who showed a grain of talent or enterprise. HON. CLAUDE PEPPER IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES And be believed that training was one of the OF FLORIDA most important functions of an editor or a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, December 4, 1975 senior newsman. Thursday, December 4, 1975 Mr. PATTERSON of California. Mr. Paul and I served stints as editors--he Speaker. the Congress and several of the on the night city desk and I on the telegraph Mr. PEPPER. Mr. Speaker, having States are in the midst of a debate over desk of The News-in the early 1950s. Those long been a supporter of public broad­ were the days of the Korean War, of intense the issue of redlining of older neighbor­ domestic strife and of a Dallas that was casting, I am particularly pleased at an hoods by mortgage lenders. Both the ex­ suddenly beginning to realize that it was event happening this week in my city of tent of the problem and the efficacy of becoming one of the great cities of the Miami. The event is the Orange Blossom alternative remedies are hotly debated. United States. football classic between Florida A. & M. Every Member of the House will benefit .The overall daily editing task was to put and Kentucky State. from the approach to this problem taken these elements into proportion and hope My special pleasure comes from the by our colleague from Pennsylvania, the what we were presenting was a balanced re­ fact that the game will be televised by port to our readers. Honorable WILLIAM MOORHEAD. In his I can hardly recall a time when Paul and I, the Public Broadcasting Service. I be­ speech before the American Jewish Com­ handling diverse aspects of the days news, lieve it is uniquely appropriate that the mittee in New York City last month, he disagreed on what we were trying to do. It Public Broadcasting Service provide this offered the example of lenders and com­ was a nightly challenge to fit the bits and recognition to these predominantly munity leaders working together to solve pieces of current history into the space black colleges. the problem of redlining. Mr. MooRHEAn's available. The Congress has asked public broad­ remarks are well thought out and off er a TYPOGRAPHER EXTRAORDINAIRE casting to pay special emphasis to the practical approach to this thorny As an editor, Paul had the abllity to interest8 of black people. This event is a problem. sharpen stories with quick strokes of the fine indication of their interest, and I I urge my colleagues to read the speech pencil, to prod reporters gently for missing wish to share with my colleagues the full facts and to see that stories emerged into printed below as well as the accompany­ print in their proper relationship to others. announcement of the PBS telecast as ing press report from the American He knew typography to a detailed extent, follows: Banker: and he worked well with the printers, having ORANGE BLOSSOM CLASSIC MAKES NATIONAL REMARKS OF Wn.LIAM S. MOORHEAD lea.med "the case" and the problems of the TELEvxsION DEBUT Thank you Mr. Nimick. My good friend composing room when he was a. young The 43rd Orange Blossom Classic, the old­ Sholom Comay, Mr. Greendale, ladies and printer. In emergency situations he could est and most prominent black college foot­ gentlemen of the American Jewish Commit­ edit directly at the page form, working with ball game in the nation, will be broadcast tee and other guests--I welcome the oppor­ hurriedly produced proofs. live December 6 at 8 p.m., Ea.stern Standard tunity to speak at your conference today. In his journalistic philosophy (and he Time on PBS from the Orange Bowl in Mia.ml, To those of you determined to leave this probably would have scorned that inexact Florida. The Classic culminates a. week of meeting with some answers to the problem December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38963 of urban disinvestment-I hope you will find approve, and I think the President will sign sesses. A local arrangement probably can get my comments interesting. this idea into law. off the ground and working much faster To those of you just as concerned about By itself this bill will not produce mort­ than any congressional scheme. A local plan the scarcity of credit for urban residents, gage money where before there has been only often features active citizen participation but also eager to get on With lunch, I promise refusals. and citizen participation generally means to keep my remarks brief. The aim of this legislation is to provide more lender responsiveness. And finally, local My message today should be interpreted by Congress and borrowers With information plan bears the identity of that community lenders as a friendly warning. Potential bor­ about the responsiveness of lenders to their thus there is local pride acting as an incen­ rowers, especially those who have been de­ communities. It also will allow a borrower­ tive to make a plan work. nied mortgages for less than worthy reasons, who happens to be a depositor-to withdraw For the lender, a local arrangement means I hope wlll find words of encouragement in his funds and reinvest them in another in­ that the financial community shares in my comments. stitution if he finds his first bank or s&L is developing the plan, as opposed to carrying I have been a Member of Congress for the not making mortgage loans in certain nefgh­ out an idea imposed by Washington. A local past 17 years, most of them spent as a mem­ borhoods, particularly his own. plan often contains flexibility that a fed­ ber of the Housing Subcommittee and more I point to this legislation, not because I eral statute will not feature. And probably recently as Chairman of the Joint Economic believe it is the solution to redlining. It is the most compelling reason for lenders to Committee's Urban Affairs Subcommittee. not, but it certainly will help. I point to develop their own program is the near cer­ If there has been a common thread guiding this bill because it is evidence that Congress tainty that if they don't the federal govern­ my activities in the housing and community has taken a first step toward getting credit ment will. development area, it has been my simple, but into the inner-city for mortgage purposes. In closing let me reiterate the congressional unyielding belief in the mandate of the 1949 Though they ranted and raved about this awareness of the causes and effects of the Housing Act, stating the national goal of a simple information requirement, it is the refusal to grant credit to urban residents-­ safe home in a suitable living environment next stage of the legislation that should our mortgage disclos-.ire act reflects this. to all Americans. truly concern the financial community. Lenders would do wen to take note of the In this regard, I first came across the term I do not believe I am oversta ting the case blll we just passed and realize that they redlining in 1967, when our housing subcom­ when I say, at the end of this three year have about 36 months to open loan windows mittee investigated the problem of urban experiment with information disclosure, if that-in the past-have been closed to cer­ residents who were unable to secure property there is not sufficient evidence that redlining tain neighborhood elements. and crime insurance. no longer is a problem, there will be a great The role those of you here today can play Back then, lenders seemed willing to make demand on the Congress to approve some ls to carry this message back to your respec­ loans to inner-city residents but insurance type of direct credit allocation mechanism to tive communities and their lenders and companies would not write policies in those assure that credit worthy individuals no then act as a catalyst to get a local plan areas which they felt were subject to large longer are denied mortgage money. mortgage credit plan working. Thank you. urban riots. Consequently, mortgage money This may seem grossly unfair to lenders­ was shut off because lenders would not issue and typical of Congress' penchant for using [From the American Banker, Nov. 24, 1975) loans on uninsured properties. howitzers to kill mosquitoes-but unless MORE U.S. LAWS SEEN IF REDLINING The Federal response to that problem was lenders end their practice of refusing loans creation of the FAIR (Fair Access to Insur­ merely because a property is located in an CoNTINUES ance Requirements) Plans; insurance under­ older neighborhood, lived in by lower or (By Laura Gross) writing pools in each state, charged with middle-income famllies, the federal govern­ NEw YoRK.-Rep. William S. Moorhead, issuing policies on all properties-regardless ment is going to be pressured to find ways ~.. Pa., warned members of the financial of location-that could not get coverage in to make that loan for the lender-and use community Friday that if they do not take the market place. the lender's money to do it. responsibillty for solving the problems of Now we have a new variation of redlin­ I don't want this to sound like a threat. redlining locally, the Federal government ing-the refusal of lenders to make mortgage It isn't. But it is a prediction from a veteran may have to support proposed mortgage dis­ or home improvement loans in certain urban Congressman who is blind to the implications closure laws With credit allocation measures. communities even though the property is of the simple mortgage disclosure legislation Mr. Moorhead addressed a conference on insured. which soon will go to the President's desk for urban reinvestment sponsored by the Amer­ This problem really is not new-but it is signature. ican Jewish Committee's Institute of Human just now getting the kind of national at­ Before the financial community begins Relations in cooperation with the National tention it deserves. panicking and calling for Moorhead's scalp, Urban League, the urban reinvestment task I refuse to engage in the chicken and egg let me suggest an alternative that I believe force of the Federal Home Loan Bank Board, debate on redlining. Whether a neighbor­ will serve both the ~ender and borrower the Interreligious Coalition for Housing, the hood declines because credit is not available better than a massive federal program-and Federal Reserve Board and the Department or whether lenders refuse to put money into one which if realized would forestall further of Housing and Urban Development. a declining neighborhood, the result is still congressional activity in the area. The conference was attended by about 50 the same. What I hope would occur-in view of Con­ representatives of financial institutions, so­ The entire matter is better approached by gress' willingness to act-is for lenders and interested community people throughout the cial action agencies, government agencies admitting the situation exists and then seek­ and corporations and neighborhood housing ing solutions to the dilemma. country to join and attack the redlining problem locally, similar to what we've done development projects. That's what we did in Pittsburgh, when Mr. Moorhead explained that he expects Fran Nimick and representatives from the in Pittsburgh. I am not suggesting that the federal gov­ enactment shortly of pending Federal legis­ savings and loans came to me with their idea lation requiring disclosure of mortgage loans of a public citizen review committee. They ernment ignore the problem-we cannot and Will not. made by financial institutions-with a House didn't quibble about what was redlining or version as the final one. The House version what was prudent investment. They set up But I do think, with the federal govern­ ment at least three years away from enacting requires banks and other lenders to disclose a unit to examine every single mortgage location and amount of mortgage loans by turndown in Pittsburgh, with an eye toward other forms of anti-redlining legislation, our best and most immediate hope for more di­ census tract rather than zip code area. The making that loan if possible, or letting the Senate version uses zip code areas. borrowers know exactly why the loan can­ rect mortgage assistance is the creation of local plans for local needs. But, the congressman emphasized, this leg­ not be made. islation is not the answer to redlining. If, As Pittsburghers were developing their Already this is happening in different parts of the country. after a three-year experiment with disclo­ plan, the Congress was at work on its re­ sure, "there is not sufficient evidence that sponse to redlining. You know what we are doing in Pittsburgh. In Boston, the mutual savings banks are redlining no longer ls a problem, there Will be As you know, both the House and Senate a great demand on the Congress to approve have passed slightly different versions of spearheading an inner-city lending plan. In Philadelphia, the two largest commercial some type of direct credit allocation mech­ mortgage information disclosure bills. The banks have developed a plan for channeling anism to assure that creditworthy individ­ proposals each would require lending insti­ mortgage money to urban neighborhoods. uals no longer are denied mortgage money," tutions to disclose the number and total dol­ And recently, the New York mutual savings he declared. lar amounts of real estate loans made during banks announced plans to establish a pro­ His warning, he said, is a friendly one, each fl.seal year. gram to review loans that have previously especially in light of progress being made The Senate version requires the informa­ been turned down. in opening up more mortgage funds for in­ tion by zip codes while the House demands Quite honestly, I know the financial com­ ner-city residents in several cities. He pointed the information by census tract where avail­ munity-with its fear of federal involve­ to voluntary programs in Pittsburgh, New able and zip codes at minimum. The Senate ment-will be more satisfied by a local .plan York State and Boston, and added that local bill has a three year limit. The House bill, aimed at the redlining problem. And I think plans are better not only for lenders but also four years. there are several adv-antages here for the for the borrowers. A House-Senate conference later this year borrower also. He applauded work being done at the con­ will mix the two and probably report a bill For the borrower, a local plan often means ference to form an e:ffective national coali­ requiring information by census tract, with that it is designed for those unique char- tion of bankers, social action agencies and a three year life. I know the Congress will acteristics that his community alone pos- community groups built a.round common 38964 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 concerns for urban reinvestment. Represent­ Carl Westmoreland, executive director of tlvity of the oceans most efficiently. Algae atives of the various groups who were pres­ Cincinnati's Madisonville area Neighborhood provide the basic food supply for higher ent Friday will be contacted in the near Housing Service, contended, however, that forms of aquatic life like fish. future to discuss putting such a plan into many neighborhoods begin to decline long Phytoplankton grow at rates controlled action, Sholom D. Comay, chairman of the before a really visible socio-economic or race by the concentration of the nutrient in least national housing committee of the Institute change occurs. In his neighborhood, where supply. My idea is that the nutrient in least of Human Relations, explained. the NHS program has been highly successful, supply may not be able to diffuse to an Mr. Moorhead was instrumental recently he said, "disintegration and decline began organism through the surrounding water as in helping formation of Pittsburghs Home before blacks got there and those that rapidly as the organism requires it for Mortgage Opportunity Committee, a group watched the decline and left wlll now have growth. That ls, an organism responding to of savings and loan associations, commercial to help those of us who want to be there a given nutrient concentration sucks it up, banks and social action agencies dedicated fix the neighborhood up." but depletes the region around it of nutrient. to reviewing mortgage loan turndowns by The group discussed housing code enforce­ Nutrient then moves by diffusion toward the financial institutions in the city. ment, community development agencies depleted region from farther away, but may Also speaking at the meeting was William where housing is owned by community mem­ not be able to move through the water as Whiteside, executive director of the urban bers, and, in New York, specific problems of rapidly as the organism requires it. The reinvestment task force, which has been re­ urban reinvestment where the city planning organism can only grow as rapidly as the sponsible for helping to establish 16 Neigh­ agency has a budget of only $102 million to nutrient can reach it. This is slower than borhood Housing Service programs in cities cope with a multibillion-dollar community the growth rate would have been if diffusion throughout the country. NHS programs pro­ redevelopment problem. were more rapid. In past work the slowing vide high-risk revolving loan funds for in­ The tone of the conference, however, was effect of diffusion had not been considered. ner-city borrowers who are not considered one of hope that with nationally based Apparently the idea was intriguing to the creditworthy by financial institutions. The agencies, private business and banking in­ scientific community, because the NSF program also catalyzes mortgage loan invest­ stitutions and public agencies working to­ awarded me a small, short-term grant a ments by banks and savings and loan insti­ gether, urban disinvestment can be reversed couple of years ago to see what could be tutions in the neighborhoods they serve. in many cities. made of it. One of my students and I showed Mr. Whiteside explained the FHLBB by experiment that the idea was sound and strongly supports a recently introduced con­ potentially important to our understanding gressional measure that would provide an of the mechanisms of algal growth. The NSF urban reinvestment fund to absorb 80% of has now funded a more extensive study so a loss on any mortgage foreclosure insured PEER REVIEW SYSTEM that we can thoroughly investigate and under this proposal. A lender would face a establish the role of diffusional transport in 20 % loss on any foreclosure, he said. algal growth. The co-insurance measure, as he called it, HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE The results will not be spectacular nor lead "won't let the lender sell out and walk away'' OF TEXAS to immediate technological advances. We are on a foreclosure, whereas, he added, the lend­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES not going to solve the algae nuisance prob­ er might do so more readily if the loan lem nor provide for greater oceanic produc­ were 100 % insured by the Federal Housing Thursday, December 4, 1975 tivity with this grant. No one can honestly Administration. Mr. TEAGUE. Mr. Speaker, I received claim to be able to do these things at this The co-insurance program would apply, the following communication from Prof. time. Our work, however, is not less impor­ he explained, to all homes anywhere that tant because of this. What we will do Is pro­ are 25 years or older, and will also involve Jerome Gavis, Johns Hopkins University, vide another scientific fact that must be the private mortgage industry in reinsuring recently which I think is extremely added to the large number of scientific facts, the bank or saving and loan association's thought-provoking. I think it speaks for known and yet to be discovered, that we part of the risk so that the cost ls not passed itself in suggesting that there are several must have in order to solve these problems. on to the borrower. sides to the coin of the so-called peer We are providing the scientific groundwork Mr. Whiteside emphasized he thinks this review system which has been under for future technological advances. would be a good tool for aiding urban re­ review lately. It ls unfortunate that the pace of science investment where Neighborhood Housing ls so slow and that we cannot now economi­ Services programs are not already in exist­ I believe that Members may find this cally solve our environmental problems. My ence. letter and my response to it useful in colleagues and I, as well as other scientists, He also announced establishment of a assessing our Federal system of support­ are striving to provide as quickly as we can group called Neighborhood Housing Services ing basic research: the information that must be known before of America, a sort of umbrella funding group THE JOH.NS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, the technological advances can be made that made up of representatives of Neighborhood Baltimore, Md., October 24, 1975. will allow our myriad environmental prob­ Housing Service programs from over the Hon. OLIN' E. TEAGUE, lems to be solved at acceptable cost. country. It would buy mortgage loans from Rayburn Building, The NSF is one of the very few agencies individual NHS high-risk funds when these w ashington, D .a. for funding the basic research necessary to programs have lent all funds available to DEAR MR. TEAGUE: I have recently been provide the essential scientific facts. I be­ them. awarded a research grant by the National lieve that, while its granting procedures are The NHSA group would be funded by a Science Foundation to fund a two-year study not perfect, they have been worked out over $250,000 grant from the urban reinvestment on "Diffusional Transport and the Kinetics a long period of time and are better than task force of the FHLBB. Mr. Whiteside said of Nutrient Uptake by Phytoplankton". I am others that have been proposed. The peer­ its funding power could possibly be increased writing this letter to you in view of the review system, in particular, ls an excellent through contributions from charitable or­ controversy now going on about NSF fund­ means of insuring the scientific merit of re­ ganizations, foundations and financial insti­ ing and granting procedures, to tell you search proposed for funding. It has, however, tutions, or long-term loans from some of a.bout the work I plan to do and why it is been attacked as a means of providing for these sources. important, and to express and to explain "insiders" and of keeping unknowns out. Vernon Jordan, executive director of the my feeling that the NSF review and selection I do not believe this, because I am an National Urban League, also addressing the procedures for research grants are not only "outsider" and unknown in the field in group, made it clear that he felt "the need fair but most productive and should be con­ which my grant was made. Although I have for the private sector to return to the hous­ tinued. done competent and published scientific ing financing market for low- and moderate­ Despite the imposing title, the study is work in the past, I am a chemist, have never simple in conception. Phytoplankton are published in the biological literature, and am income families ls of paramount import­ totally unknown in the world of aquatic ance." algae; the word denotes these kinds of algae, algae that float in water and color it green. biological science. My contacts in NSF were He contended that the reason neighbor­ in the physical and engineering sciences hoods decline is that lenders do not want to Such algae can become nuisances in rivers and lakes under certain conditions. When group and were made more than ten years risk funds on blacks. "The recent study by ago. The people I knew are no longer there. the Comptroller of the Currency demon­ plant nutrients like phosphate and nitrate I know no one in the marine sciences group, strated beyond any shadow of a doubt that are added to water bodies, phytoplankton nor have I met anyone from that group black applicants for mortgage loans are grow and multiply very rapidly, then die and personally. Yet the aquatic biological com­ turned down almost twice as frequently as rot, coloring the water deeply, causing odors, munity and NSF were willing to give me an whites, even when socio-economic levels were kllling fish, etc. In order to learn how to con­ initial chance and an opportunity to con­ held constant," he asserted. trol alga.I nuisance efficiently a.nd a.t low cost tinue the work. An "lnslder"-ba.sed system There 1s no reason why "workingclass black we must understand, among other things, would have left me out. So would a geo­ ghettos cannot be stabilized and rehabili­ how rapidly these organisms grow when pre­ graphy-based system, since I am at a small tated, just as working-class white neighbor­ sented with the nutrients. We also need to but major university in the mid-Atlantic hoods have been maintained with the aid of know how rapidly phytoplankton ca.n grow, states. So would a system biased toward institutional mortgage lending" he stated. if we wish to utilize the biological produc- youth, since I am no longer young. December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38965 Support should go to scientists doing good this award based on their efforts in sav­ most two decades ago to officiate at Shaare work, not to those chosen in some arbitrary ing a life. Zion, and it is a further testimonial to him way. The best mechanism for awarding the that he has maintained his durability there. limited support funds available is the peer­ Rabbi Hecht is not only an Ashkenazi, but review system. The least costly and quickest A TRIBUTE TO RABBI ABRAHAM B. he is also a Lubavitcher chassid and a fourth way to obtain them in the long run is by HECHT generation American. adequate support for basic research and mer­ He was born in Brooklyn in 1922 and his itorious award of funds. father, Samuel, (also a native American) was Sincererly yours, HON. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ descended from an old Galician fainily, who JEROME GAVIS, OF NEW YORK came here in 1890. His mother, Sadie, also Associate Professor. hailed from Galicia. Incidentally, the senior IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Hechts produced six sons who are rabbis, Thursday, December 4, 1975 with almost every major Jewish urban center COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE AND throughout the United States having been TECHNOLOGY, Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise to­ served at one time or another by at least Washington, D.C., October 29, 1975. day to pay tribute to a constituent and one of the Hecht brothers. Prof. JEROME GAVIS, good friend, Rabbi Abraham B. Hecht. Rabbi Abraham Hecht had a varied and Department of Geography well-travelled education, having followed in and Environmental Engineering, As a devoted spiritual and civic leader of the Jewish community, Rabbi Hecht the footsteps of his father, who was sent The Johns Hopkins University, at the age of 12 to learn in Mea Shearim in Baltimore, Md. has worked tirelessly and with boundless energy on many worthy projects-most Israel for six years. Rabbi Abraham started off DEAR PROFESSOR GAVIS: I receive a lot of in Torah Vodaath in Brooklyn and at the letters in my capacity with the Committee notably on the fight to secure emigration direction of T.V.'s illustrious founder, Reb on Science and Technology, but rarely does rights for Syrian Jews. Rabbi Hecht has Shraga Feivel Mendelowitz, ztl, was one of a scientist write and explain to me what he exhibited noble leadership in his orga­ the first 10 bochurim from Torah Vodaath to is doing as clearly as you did in your recent nizing endeavors tempered with a hu­ join the initial class of the Lubavitcher letter. Thank you for taking the time to manistic dedication to the cause of free­ Yeshiva in the United States. do it so well. ing Syrian Jews. I have been fortunate In 1939, he continued his Lubavitch stu­ I also appreciate the fact that you must dies in Otwosk, Poland, directly under the be following the course of oversight of the to be able to join with Rabbi Hecht in last Lubavitcher Rebbe, ztl, but his sojourn National Science Foundation under our Sub­ this important cause and his inspira­ didn't last there too long, due to the outbreak committee on Science, Research and Tech­ tional dedication has served as a model of World War II. nology chaired by my colleague James Sy­ of courage and humanity in seeking the Returning to America, he was ordained at mington. The Subcommittee, I assure you, inalienable human rights of freedom and the Lubavitcher Yeshiva Rabbinical College ls considering the matter of peer review security for this group of Jews in search and married the former Liba Greenhaut. closely. In this connection it is always help­ of their homeland. It was then that he began his travels, but ful to hear from people such as yourself I am privileged to represent the largest this time as an educator, rather than as a who are directly involved with the Foun­ student, to improve the quality of religious dation. I am sharing your letter with Mr. Sephardic Jewish community in the life throughout the United States. He was Symington and his staff. world, outside of the Middle East, and the founder of yeshivas in Newark, New Thank you again, and best regards. certainly, this community is in good Haven, Buffalo, Worcester and Dorchester. Sincerely, hands under the talented and committed When he return to New York, he became a OLIN E. TEAGUE, leadership of Rabbi Hecht. In Hebrew day school principal and the rabbi of B'nai Chairman. the word rabbi means "teacher" and few Mogen David Congregation. are more deserving of this title than He used his talents to establish publica­ Rabbi Hecht. In setting up educational tions, employment agencies, organize classes, centers, classes, lecture series, and nu­ lecture series, book drives and again to set RED CROSS CERTIFICATE OF MERIT up educational centers and institutions. merous scholarly endeavors, he has dem­ In the past 30 years, most of this work onstrated his ability to organize and im­ was done wllth the Sephardic community, plement educational programs of the who came to accept and love this Ashkenazi HON. PHILIP E. RUPPE highest caliber. as one of their own. In 1958, he was named OF MICHIGAN Mr. Speaker, at this time I would like the head of the large and prestigious Sha.are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Zion Congregation, which he helped build to insert into the RECORD an article that and today it boasts of having a membership Thursday, December 4, 1975 appeared in the Jewish Press about Rab­ of over 1000 families. bi Abraham B. Hecht-:._a dedicated and In outside work, too, Rabbi Hecht has Mr. RUPPE. Mr. Speaker, I would like inspirational leader of the Jewish com­ exhibited boundless energy. He has often to bring to your attention the courageous munity. visited Israel and has served as the presi­ deeds of two individuals from my distirct [From the Jewish Press, November 28, 1975] dent of the Rabbinical Alliance of America, the Rabbinical Board of Flatbush, as well as in East Jordan, Mich. RABBI DR. ABRAHAM B. HECHT on a Presidential conference on children. He On August 29, 1974, Mr. William (By Chaim Yerushalmi) Breakey and Mr. Richard Oleniacz were has taken an active part in local politics, The Sephardim are known to be a very and has. ironically, attended functions all working at their jobs as part of a con­ close-knit people. Years of difficulty with the over the world as THE representative of his struction crew for a sewer project. Near­ Ashkenazim have made them understandably Sephardic community. by a backhoe boom suddenly came in clannish and a bit chauvinistic about their In the field of publication, he first made contact with a 7 ,200-volt transmission particular status and ancestry. Though today, his mark 11 years ago with a widely acclaimed line which caused an electrical current the traditional rivalry and enmity between book of essays and sermons called "Spiritual to pass through the body of one of their chassidim and misnagdim has broken down Horizons." coworkers. Both of these alert gentlemen almost completely, and a marriage between It is rather fitting that he continues with rushed to the accident, cleared the vic­ the two is no longer rare, the barriers be­ something "Spiritual" now, with the recent tween the Sephardim and Ashkenazim are printing of "Spiritual Freedom", a collection tim's air passages as he had stopped still unfortunately very much in evidence. of some of his most prophetic and analytical breathing, and immediately began to al­ As marriage between the two groups, which sermons of the past 10 years. ternate in giving mouth-to-mouth resus­ would go a long way towards integrating citation to the victim until he regained them, is still not commonplace, it is espe­ consciousness and was breathing through cially surprising that for their most impor­ his own etiorts. There is no doubt that tant religious activities, involving a spiritual leader, the Sephardim of Flatbush have cho­ NEW YORK ASSISTANCE had Mr. Breakey and Mr. Oleniacz not sen an Ashkenazic rabbi. been there to perfonn these lifesaving And these Sephardim are not just a small, techniques, their coworker would not be isolated group. They constitute the largest HON. ANDREW MAGUIRE alive today. Syrian Jewish community outside of the Mid­ OF NEW JERSEY Messrs. Breakey and Oleniacz will be dle East. Their Shaare Zion Congregation IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES receiving the highest award that the is one of the biggest Sephardic centers in the Western Hemisphere. They have created Thursday, December 4, 1975 American National Red Cross can bestow an entire community of schools, kosher stores on an individual, their Red Cross certif­ and businesses along the southern part of Mr. MAGUIRE. Mr. Speaker, although icate of merit and accompanying pin. Ocean Parkway in Brooklyn. I strongly favored Federal action, con­ As I am sure you will agr.ee, these two It 1s thus a particular tribute to Rabbi Dr. tingent upon stringent fiscal and budget- fine individuals are most deserving of Abra.ham B. Hecht that he was selected al- ary reforms, to assist New York to avert 38966 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 default, I voted present on H.R. 10481 she needs a companion to assist in boarding, leased from prison and obtain an exit existing and traveling by bus. visa to leave the Soviet Union have been to avoid any possible conflict of interest, "The 'Helping Hand' service is only a. pa.rt or appearance of conflict, arising from of an ongoing comprehensive program for unsuccessful so far. Even her recent hun­ the fact that my wife, Margaret, owns the handicapped," Kerrigan said. "In sev­ ger strike at the United Nations did not municipal assistance corporation bonds. eral of our new terminals and those planned bring a sympathetic response from So­ On October 28, 1975, I inserted in the for construction or remodeling, we are put­ viet officials. In recent years, the Soviet CONGRESSIONAL RECORD at page 34128, the ting in facilities such as wider doors, ramps, Union has seen fit to allow other Jews details concerning my wife's holdings, handrails and specal restroom features. to leave their nation and find peace 1n together with the disclosure of same "We are studying other programs and serv­ Israel, the United States or other coun­ ices designed to make travel easier for the tries. Hopefully, Sylva's protests; with contained in my letter of October 20, handicapped." 1975, to the Committee on Standards of Both the handicapped person and the the support of those of us here in Con­ Official Conduct. companion will travel on a single ticket. The gress, will enable Edward Kusnetsov and pair must travel together for the complete other prisoners of conscience to obtain trip and the companion must be capable of their freedom from Soviet oppression. assisting the disabled person in boarding and Her struggle to help her loved ones GREYHOUND BEGINS PLAN TO AID alighting during the trip. realize their freedom should become our THE HANDICAPPED "Nonmotorized wheelchairs and other aids fight too, for who will be around to pro­ will be can;ied as baggage without additional tect our rights in the future, rights which charge," according to Kerrigan. we have come to take for granted, if we HON. JOHN J. RHODES "Greyhound recognizes its responsibil1ties do not take a strong stand on behalf of OF ARIZONA to all the citizens of this country. Our 100,- 000 miles of routes throughout the country those being denied their rights today. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and Canada represent the best way to see Thursday, December 4, 1975 this country up close. This is especially im­ portant during the upcoming Bicentennial Mr. RHODES. Mr. Speaker, Greyhound and Greyhound wants to do its part to make AFL-CIO'S 20TH ANNIVERSARY-A Lines, Inc., has started a program that sure no one is deprived of the opportunity RECORD OF ACHIEVEMENT will open new vistas for the handicapped to see this great country because of a hand­ and allow many of them to see America icap," Kerrigan said. during this Bicentennial year. "We believe this service is so important HON. JOSEPH E. KARTH The firm is offering a special fare, that we a.re asking all other bus companies OF MINNESOTA to join with us in this program," Kerrigan which provides that a companion may said. "We are also contacting organizations IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES travel free to assist any handicapped representing the interests of handicapped Thursday, December 4, 1975 person who needs aid in boarding, exit­ persons to obtain their support and guid­ ing, or traveling on a bus. The Grey­ ance," he concluded. Mr. KARTH. Mr. Speaker, I would like hound company says the new rate will to call the attention of Members of this apply to all regular runs and special House to the fact that December 5 is the fares such as the unlimited travel Amer­ 20th anniversary of the merger of the ipass. EDWARD KUSNETSOV, SOVIET AFL and CIO and the creation of the This is a fine program. It means that PRISONER OF CONSCIENCE largest and most effective labor move­ the handicapped can travel at no addi­ ment in the free world. tional cost and have the assistance they HON. MARIO BIAGGI For nearly 20 years preceding Decem­ need. Greyhound has, truly, opened a ber 5, 1955, the American labor move­ window on America for many who could OF NEW YORK ment had been divided and in conflict, not afford double fares. This is a good IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ideologically and organizationally. Be­ example of private enterprise at work, Thursday, December 4, 1975 cause of that division and despite a phe­ helping to solve the problems of the dis­ nomenal growth of industrial unionism Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, I want to in the mass production industries during advantaged, and I believe Greyhound is call to the attention of my colleagues to be commended highly for innovating that period, organized labor suffered. the plight of a Jewish prisoner of con­ Resources, talents, and loyalties were de­ this travel opportunity for the handi­ science who is serving a sentence in a capped. voted to internal competiton, instead of Russian prison camp for his role in the tc the building of a larger, stronger, and Text of the Greyhound statement abortive Leningrad airplane hijack at­ which explains the new plan is as tempt of 1970. His name is Edward Kus­ more united house of labor. follows : But on December 5, 1955, the conflict netsov, who with his wife Sylva Zal­ ended as George Meany and Walter Reu­ GREYHOUND BEGINS PLAN TO Am THE manson-Kusnetsov and two other Soviet HANDICAPPED Jews, attempted to gain their freedom ther jointly wielded the gavel that once PHOENIX, October 15.-A special "Help­ in this desperate fashion. Such is an ex­ again achieved American trade union ing Hand" service to assist the handicapped ample of how the Soviet Union's in­ solidarity. in traveling by bus has been announced by As the ~o celebrates its 20th Greyhound Lines, Inc., the world's largest humane policies can drive their citizens birthday, the united labor movement has bus line. to take such extreme measures to gain their basic humanitarian rights. much to look back upon with satisfaction Key feature of the "Helping Hand" service and much to view in today's American is a special fare which allows a companion Sylva Zalmonson finally gained her to travel free to assist any handicapped per­ release after worldwide protests in her world with pride. son who needs help in boarding, exiting and behalf. Since that time, this 30-year-old With 14,200,000 members and 110 na­ traveling on a bus. champion of her people has been at­ tional and international affiliates, the James L. Kerrigan, president of Greyhound tempting to gain the release of her hus­ ~O is, by a large margin, the big­ Lines, said that the special fare will apply to band and brothers. Sylva herself suffers gest and most successful labor movement all Greyhound regular rates and special fares in the free world. such as the unlimited travel Ameripass. from tuberculosis and an ulcer which "Handicapped persons frequently have been she contracted while enduring harsh But first and foremost among the ac­ unable to travel because of the added cost punishment and severe workloads in complishments of the American labor of being with a companion who could minis­ prison. movement are the highest living stand­ ter to their needs," Kerrigan said. "Our new Edward Kuznetsov was originally sen­ ards enjoyed by working men and program will make transportation costs no tenced to death for his heroic escape women anywhere in the world. more for a handicapped person than for any­ attempt. After worldwide protests, how­ American workers' families own more one else and still provide for their special homes, autos, motor boats, television requirements." ever, he received a reduced sentence of To be eligible for the special fare which 15 years in a Russian prison camp, where set.s, and all kinds of household appli­ goes into effect at midnight Sunday, Oct. 19, he is now serving the remaining 11 years ances than do working families in other a handicapped person will need a. written of that sentence. countries. More important, to buy all statement from a doctor stating that he or Sylva's efforts to have her husband re- these things requires far fewer hours December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38967 of labor by Americans than by workers record on racial democracy and on op­ In honor of Robert Sharp, a National in other countries around the globe. posing discrimination everywhere it ap­ Senior Citizen Regional Director, who has For the most part these high living pears has been superb. been President of the American Federation of Senior Citizens for the past 12 years and standards have been won through collec­ There is an old tradition in the Ameri­ who is currently Commissioner on Aging Di­ tive bargaining and the gains won by can labor movement summarized in the rector for the City of North Miami Beach.... unions in contract negotiations have also slogan: "Citizens First, Unionists Sec­ Having great compassion for the down­ lifted the living standards of unorga­ ond." Never was that truer than today. trodden, and having witnessed the privations nized workers. Union members and union officials are and the suffering of the unorganized older Therefore let it be immediately said in the thick of every local and national citizens, caused him to become a man o! that one of the salvations of our economy campaign for the United Way and vari­ fierce dedication to the cause of organizing in this deep and continuing recession ous charities. The unions themselves con­ the Senior Citizens, and raising their stand­ tribute in large amounts to such causes ard of living. has been the sustained purchasing power He was instrumental in organizing the 28 that flows from the wage levels nego­ as muscular distrophy and cancer organizations in the Dade County Council tiated by organized labor. crusades. of Senior Citizens where he presently serves But not only union wage scales are Literally hundreds of thousands of as first Vice President. He was active in the supporting the Nation's economy. The young Americans who might otherwise building of the three and one half million pensions negotiated by unions for their never be able to continue their education National Council of Senior Citizens. retired members also help sustain pur­ have been sent to colleges and univer­ Bob Sharp led the fight to get the City chasing :power and enable the Nation's sities on scholarships provided by trade of North Miami Beach to be the first city in unions. the country to support the Medicare Bill. He retailers and manufacturers to sell mer­ prevailed on city of North Miami Beach offi­ chandise that otherwise would remain The AFL-CIO's 20-year record in aid­ cials to be the first in Dade County to pro­ piled up on the shelves of stores or in the ing the struggling young democratic claim Senior Citizens Month. Other Munici­ stockrooms of factories. Today-and this unions of emerging African and Asian palities later followed his dramatic leader­ is indeed an impressive figure-more countries is one of remarkable accom­ ship. than 30 million American men and plishment. That record has been far more This is the man, Robert Sharp, honored women are covered by pension programs than the safeguarding of these demo­ by this Testimonial. The man who has re­ negotiated by unions and management. cratic unions against capture by com­ lentlessly worked for years behind the munism; it has been a magnificent and scenes for Senior Citizen causes. The man Many, many other benefits and pro­ we proudly salute as "Mr. Senior Citizen", tections--some of them are so important memorable record, for example, of lead­ Bob Sharp. to people and to the Nation that they ership training and vocational training. can no longer be called fringes-today The history of the AFL-CIO's first 20 strongly bolster our economy. These in­ years, therefore, is a history of strength­ clude: health, medical and hospital in­ ening democratic unionism at home and COMMISSIONER DONALD ALEX­ surance programs, dental oare, paid abroad, of reinforcing America's demo­ ANDER OF INTERNAL REVENUE maternity leave, paid holidays and vaca­ cratic institutions and encouraging SERVICE RESPONDS TO CON­ tions, union-management financed co­ democratic institutions in Asian and GRESSMAN EDWARD MEZVIN­ operative housing for workers' families, African countries, of successful eiforts to SKY'S CRITICISM and so on. give the United States a more eifective In another extremely important area economy serving all the people instead HON. EDWARD MEZVINSKY of economic achievement, the American of a privileged few. OF IOWA labor movement has a long way to go, The AFL-CIO's first 20 years have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES but still leads the labor movements of the been a force, a driving force, toward free world. Job security is well on the creation of a new and happier and more Thursday, December 4, 1975 way; it is an idea whose time has come. peaceful world, a tomorrow of more en­ Mr. MEZVINSKY. Mr. Speaker, a few Job security may be viewed today as a compassing social and economic justice. weeks ago, I addressed the House, criti­ radical innovation, but there is every The AFL-CIO's first 20 years have cizing several practices and procedures likelihood that 20 years from now-when been rich in accomplishment; they are of the Internal Revenue Service. The the AFL-CIO is 40-job security will be even richer in their promise for the next Commissioner of the Internal Revenue taken for granted and it, too, will be two decades. Service, Donald Alexander, responded by seen by economists as a major support letter to my remarks. I believe that the of the free enterprise system. Government Operations report on its ms The AFL-CIO's accomplishments over oversight hearings should be the proper the past 20 years have been equally sig­ BOB SHARP, "MR. SENIOR CITIZEN" vehicle to provide direction to the Com­ nificant in still another vital area: Fed­ missioner. Pursuant to his request, I am eral and State legislation. submitting his letter, along with my re­ The American labor movement has HON. WILLIAM LEHMAN ply, for the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: been on the side of the angels, so to OF FLORIDA INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, speak, in backing every major legislative IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wa.'lhington, D.O., November 17, 1975. undertaking to improve the social, eco­ Hon. EDWARD MEZVINSKY, nomic and political welfare of the mass Thursday, December 4, 1975 House of Representatives, of the American people over the past 20 Washington, D.C. Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. Speaker, during the DEAR MR. MEZVINSKY: Since the statement years. Thanksgiving recess I was honored to which you made on the floor of the House of The AFL-CIO has labored successfully attend a testimonial luncheon for my Representatives on November 11, 1975, en­ to strengthen such measures as social constituent, Mr. Robert Sharp of North titled "Congressional Oversight of the In­ security, workmen's compensation, un­ Miami Beach. Bob has worked diligently ternal Revenue Service," is based upon state­ employment compensation, medicare and for many years on the issues most im­ ments made to you during Subcommittee medicaid, public housing and public portant to senior citizens. Bob's excep­ hearings, and perhaps other statements made transportation, pure food and drug pro­ directly to you, that are erroneous, I would tional dedication to older Americans and like to take this opportunity to set the rec­ tections, better education, and much his extraordinary energy in fighting to ord straight, lest the errors be perpetuated. more. improve the lot of our often-neglected First, I did not intend any of my remarks Labor's concern, it is clear, has far elderly have more than earned him the to refer to any member of Congress, includ­ transcend_ed bread-and-butter issues and title given him at this testimonial, "Mr. ing yourself. I sincerely regret that this im­ the results of collective bargaining. The Senior Citizen." pression may have been conveyed and I want AFL-CIO's concern today is with a These excerpts from the welcoming re­ to apologize for whatever imprecision in the article or my language may have contributed healthy American economy and with the marks made at the testimonial, better to that result. improved social and economic welfare of than any words of mine, express the Secondly, I agree with you that in the past all the American people, not just those esteem in which Bob Sharp is held by his the Congress has not exerted much oversight who are union members. The AFL-CIO's friends and coworkers: over the Internal Revenue Service, apart 38968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 from two searching and highly critical hear­ temporarily delayed the dissemination to our ments on the issues raised by my remarks on ings conducted by Senator Montoya, in 1973 field offices of investigative leads that had the House floor. and 1974. Since shortly after I became Com­ been gathered. This temporary suspension As you are aware, the Subcommittee is missioner, I have frequently called for more has already been lifted in large part. It is also currently preparing a report on the IRS over­ oversight of the IRS. You will recall that clear that the incident that precipitated the sight hearings conducted thus far which will the way in which your Subcommittee an­ suspension involved at the very least a viola­ be presented to the whole Government Op­ nounced to us that it was going to hold over­ tion of Bahamian law. As you will recall from erations Committee. I believe this report is sight hearings was through a telephone call that Hearing, I attemped to get some guid­ the appropria.te vehicle through which to from your Chairman, who indicated that he ance from the members of the Subcommittee give you the comments and direction you had become aware of my statements calling as to whether the Internal Revenue Service seek. for additional oversight and that he was "an­ should engage, through informants, in viola­ I want you to know that I do not view this swering my ad." We welcome oversight, in­ tions of law. The transcript seems to indicate as a personal. matter and believe that we cluding, and in particular, the oversight of that it may be your personal opinion that it share the same goal of insuring tha.t the In­ your Subcommittee. Indeed, on several occa­ may be appropriate for the Internal Revenue ternal Revenue Service act within the letter sions we have specifically asked for comments Service to violate foreign law, at least where and spirit of the law. Success in this task and guidance on various of our activities. that law had been enacted for the purpose or certainly involves the cooperative effort of For example, in June we provided the Sub­ was being used to facilitate tax evasion. I the Congress and the IRS. Obviously, there committee with a copy of our revised In­ personally do not agree with that view, and are some serious matters of disagreement be­ formation Gathering Guidelines and we believe very firmly that the Internal Revenue tween us, and I look forward to speaking solicited its comments on those Guidelines Service should not violate the law to enforce With you at length on this subject. at the June 24 hearing. We look forward to the law. I do not believe that the end justifies I will submit your letter for the Congres­ receiving those comments. Similarly, we have the means. However, since this is a contin­ sional Record today. raised With you, at open hearings, some of uing and important problem, I would like Sincerely, the problems that are currently facing the to have a formal expression of the views of EDWARD MEZVINSKY. Internal Revenue Service, such as the proper the Subcommittee on this issue. extent of its participation in general (non­ In connection with your statement that tax) law enforcement and many others. Al­ my former law firm was mentioned in some though, to date, we have had some spirited Castle Trust records, you will be glad to learn JUSTICE-FOR WHOM? questioning by members of the Subcommit­ that our Inspection Service was investigating tee (which Chairman Rosenthal tells us we this allegation before I was even aware of it. cannot interpret as indicating the views of It seems to me that under any standard that HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL is timely action. the Subcommittee since it may merely be OF NEW YORK "devil's advocacy"), we have not yet re­ As to the allegation that I revealed suf­ ceived guidance on this issue. An expression ficient details concerning Confidential In­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of Subcommittee views, even though pre­ formant TW-24 to readily identify him or Thursday, December 4, 1975 liminary in nature, prior to final develop­ her, I simply do not understand the basis ment of its report, would be of great benefit for this contention. Members of my staff have Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, the image to the Service, the Department of Justice, personally reviewed very carefully the tran­ of blind justice has become a tarnished and to the public. script of the press conference to which you one in the United States. Nor perhaps,. As to your statement that each time we refer and have advised me that there is a can we ever claim to have been guided by appear before your Subcommittee a new total absence of any discussion by IRS of­ that ideal. Democracy is rooted in the undercover operation or coded project or ficials of any details concerning the identity covert activity of the IRS is revealed, I want of the informant. This matter is, or may be belief that the wishes of the majority­ to again make clear (as I believe I have at in litigation, and we flatly deny that we have peacefully and intelligently enacted-are every hearing) that I cannot give you nega­ identified TW-24. Prior to September 29, cer­ to be followed by all. But we cross the tive assurances for the past that all improper tain news media appeared to know more in­ fragile boundary between democracy and activities of the IRS have been publicly re­ formation about TW-24 than I then knew. arbitrary rule when prejudice and sub­ vealed. I believe the Service is a fine orga­ Finally, I agree completely with the state­ jectivism dominate the majority rule. nization that does its difficult job well, but ment near the end of your speech that "the American justice is most blatantly re­ I have pledged to do my best to correct any task of the Internal Revenue Service is to be unchecked and unauthorized practices that the tax collector for the nation. As such, it vealed as injustice in our court system. may exist. Since early 1973, other IRS offi­ traditionally has not, and indeed cannot be­ We cannot focus the blame entirely on cials and I have been attempting to correct come embroiled in politics. Our voluntary tax the individuals who hold power in our what we perceived to be some improper or system is based on the IRS' mandate to col­ courts. But we can see clearly here how excessive practices on the part of a few in­ lect taxes fairly and even-handedly." That cultural values and assumptions shape vestigators. To that end, IRS top manage­ is why I have repeatedly called for nonpar­ our notions of fairness, due process, and ment officials and I temporarily suspended tisan Congressional oversight and have appropriate punishment. It is a far too general information gathering and instructed looked for an expression of views of the Sub­ easy tendency to dismiss such values as special agents to provide their immediate committee on whether such aotivities of the management supervisors with the names of IRS as the Narcotics Traffickers Program, fixed and immutable, and therefore to their confidential informants. This is neces­ generalized information gathering and illegal escape the collective responsibility of sary to enable top management to assure activities by informants can exist in the "tax changing our judicial practices. Rather,. itself that funds being paid to confidential colleotor of the nation" followlng Congress' we must recognize the biased and oppres­ informants were being expended in accord­ mandate to "collect taxes fairly and even­ sive nature of American justice, as it ance with appropriate guidelines and to as­ handedly." operates in our tribunals, as a first step certain the types of activities that such con­ I would like to take this opportunity to toward achieving practical equality for fidential informants may have engaged in. again state that I am hopeful that the IRS I would appreciate your views (and the views will receive affirmative guidance from you all. of the Subcommittee) on whether either or and your Subcommittee in the near future Joseph C. Howard, associate judge of both of those steps were appropriate ones on the role that it should play in society. I, the Baltimore Supreme Court, has writ­ for IRS management to have taken in the too, believe that it is very important to re­ ten an article in the recent issue of Ju­ wake of the Leprechaun revelations. If not, store the faith Of the American public by as­ dicature which takes a critical look at the what preferable course of action should we suring it that the IRS enforces the law as it social values influencing judges and ju­ have taken? is written and that it does not violate the ries alike. I commend this most articu­ As to our follow-up on tax-related in- law to enforce the law. late and well-documented study to the formation revealed during the Watergate Because your statement was picked up by attention of my colleagues: Hearings, I believe that if you review the some of the news media, I have taken the RACIAL DISCRIMINATION IN SENTENCING October 1975 Report of the Watergate Spe­ liberty of releasing this letter to the press. cial Prosecution Force and our responses to I would appreciate it if you could arrange to (By Joseph C. Howard) the letters we received from your Subcom­ have a copy inserted in the Congressional The nature and extent of racial discrimi­ mittee relating to our political campaign Record. nation in criminal sentencing is seldom ad­ contributions project, you Will agree that the With kind regards, dressed by legal authorities or discussed in. statement that "the IRS subsequently ren­ Sincerely, judicial circles. Yet such discrimination is dered the computer and all the information DONALD C. ALEXANDER. widely perceived in our communities and. programmed into it virtually useless" is siIµ• clearly supported by statistics. Little wonder­ ply erroneous. Presumably it was based on HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, so many citizens feel that judges have devel­ uninformed testimony furnished -to you by a Washington, D.C., December 4, 1975. oped an uncanny capacity to look and not. former Intelligence Division Director. DONALD ALEXANDER, see and to listen and not hear, and a corre­ As regards Project Haven, you will recall Commissioner, Internal Revenue Service, sponding incapacity to appreciate the conse­ from testimony at the recent October 6 Hear­ Washington, D.C. quences of their own acts. We seldom see that. ing that the investigation was not itself sus­ DEAR COMMISSIONER ALEXANDER: I have re­ people who are subjected to dual standards. pended; rather, career IRS officials merely ceived your letter and appreciate your com- of justice will adopt dual standards of moral- December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38969 ity, that people who are subjected to values to a judge's attitude, orientation, and action per cent of the white men who raped black which make them valueless will create values base, which in turn is translated into judi­ women avoided the sentencing stage of trial of their own, and that people who find they cial behavior. by pleading •·not guilty by reason of insan­ cannot participate peaceably in the order of Let me suggest three conceptions growing ity". things will create disorder. out of the social miUeu which may shade THOSE WHO BELONG Because of our imperceptiveness, few of us judicial thinking at the time of sentencing. The second social concept which inter­ realize that in our lifetime we have witnessed Each is deeply rooted in every American feres with equitable sentencing is that of an almost total transformation of the atti­ institution and is a product of our historical "belonging". When society conceives of a tude of minorities toward our courts and sys­ experience. people as not belonging because of certain tem of justice. This change manifests itself in THE LESS THAN HUMAN perceived social or cultural defects it is dis­ decreased confidence in and cooperation First, I suggest that our society conceives posed to deliver disparate treatme~t. with our courts; continuous confilct in our of some citizens as human and others as These perceptions are developed by dogma correctional institutions; and the creation of something less; those who are considered transmitted as truth, and internalized with~ collateral systems of justice. If all we perceive less than human are perceived as being out much examination. Scattered impres­ from these developments is some sort of uni­ materially different----different in psychologi­ sions become the basis for expectations, and lateral problem-that some elements of soci­ cal make-up, with different feelings and all too often the behavior patterns of a few ety have a greater propensity to commit outlooks, and, of course, deserving of less. become character traits of an entire race. It 1s crime and others are more prone to cause How else can we account for the brutal mis­ like looking at yellow through blue glasses trouble-then perhaps our frame of refer­ treatment of racial minorities in this country and seeing green, and, if what we happen to ence is a bit too restricted. for the past 300 years? Or by what other ra­ see corresponds with what we are looking Instead of facing these facts and engaging tional theory can we explain our contem­ for, our notion is reinforced. in serious introspection, it has been custom­ porary conduct, which is symbolized by the These visions become functional in our ary for those of us responsible for adminis­ school bus and the For Sale sign, the sys­ dealing with individuals of different groups. tering justice to discount racial discrimina­ tematic development of our segregated If we visualize the life style of a given racial tion as a basic cause of disparity and to as­ suburbs, and the preparation of our cities group as settling their disputes on Saturday sign other reasons for this inequity. However, for absentee ownership? night with deadly weapons, it may subcon­ when we are inescapably confronted with Subhuman treatment is frequently seen sciously affect our whole approach toward racism in the judicial process we tend to im­ in our criminal justice system, which both both accused and victims of that race. If pute blame to those whose conduct is so con­ influences and is influenced by the larger black enclaves in the city are considered spicuous and calloused it cannot be con­ society. Our recent history of law enforce­ high-crime communities, when a defendant doned. This reaction leads us to misjudge ment includes the killing of 200 unarmed from the area requests bail, a judge might set the depth of the problem by indirectly sug­ black men, women, and children, the wound­ an unattainable one and thereby remove the gesting that the majority of judges arrive ing of thousands of others during the civil temptation of the resident to get into addi­ at decisions uninfluenced by the race of disorders of the 1960's; the use of dogs, tional trouble before trial. If at the time of defendant and victim. Therefore we over­ cattle prods, and fire hoses on blacks peti­ sentencing a defendant is without educa­ look the characteristic human tendency to tioning their government for redress; and tion, vocational sklll, or probability of em­ relate negatively or positively to individuals the shooting by police of black pilferers 10 ployment, a practical resolution of society's and events before us for evaluation. Further, 11, and 12 years of age. Until recently i~ burden is to incarcerate him or to extend the we fail to take into consideration the sub­ some of our cities, youngsters, the great period of imprisonment. conscious effect that history and social cli­ majority of whom are black, have been treat­ DETROIT mate have upon the orientation, attitude, ed as adults at age 16, while those in the and action base of all judges. The recent study of the Detroit Recorder's surrounding counties, who are predominantly Court revealed that psychiatric reports are THE JUDGE IN SOCIETY white, are protected from such treatment ordered three times as often for whites as for Judges relate consciously or unconscious­ until the age of 18. blacks. It appears that when judges are con­ ly, favorably or unfavorably, not only to the The 1973 Philadelphia Inquirer study of fronted with criminal conduct committed by principals before the court and to the of­ that city's courts puts it all in a capsule. That a member of the "in" (white) group, the fense charged, but to the relationship be­ extended computerized analysis found that culprit is considered a misfit, maladjusted, tween the two. Like other human beings, blacks were treated far more harshly at every o~ ~ mental problem, so a psychiatric analy­ they tend to relate more favorably to that single stage of the criminal process. The sub­ sis is ordered to find out how and where he which is familiar and to fear or become sequent study of the Detroit Recorder's Court went wrong. But when the offender belongs frustrated by that which is foreign. They in the fall of 1973 supported these findings in to the "out" {black) group, the judges seem tend to empathize and sympathize more almost every detail. to view his conduct as consistent with his easily with individuals who look and think In our criminal courts the death penalty life style and consequently to feel that no like they do, and who share the same history has been used disproportionately upon people medical attention is indicated. and a similar life style. Findings in other of color. Since 1930, more than half (54.6 The Detroit statistics also show that pro­ fields converge on the fact that cultural per c~nt) of the 3,859 individuals executed bation was granted to those on higher eco­ distance tends to determine attitude and in this country were nonwhite. Of the 36 nomic ("belonging") levels approximately tolerance, and the greater the distance in this people executed for robbery or burglary, 30 t wice as often as to those in lower economic respect, the greater the tendency for imagi­ were black. And, of course, blacks have a ("non-belonging'') brackets. This suggests a nation and bias to influence judgement and monopoly on death sentences at ages 14 15 judicial belief that for those who "belong" decisions. Like others, judges relate differ­ 16, and 17. Of the 455 men put to d~ath the fact of conviction coupled with personal ently to various crimes, depending largely for rape, 407 were black or brown. Indeed and family embarrassment and possible os­ on their position in society and the hopes these statistics on rape, together with those tracism is punishment enough. On the other and fears of our communities. of several states throughout the United States, would suggest that the principal use hand, many judges think that incarceration Finally, they relate to the victim of a is a normal experience of non-belongers, and criminal offense. The records show that in­ of the death penalty has been to deter black men from raping white women. in the final analysis all "they" understand ls tergender and interracial charges are dealt naked power and brute force. with far more severely than intra-gender and My ~tudy of_ The Administration of Rape This report also disclosed that execution intra-racial charges. For example, a touch­ Cases in the City of Baltimore and the State of sentence was withheld four or five times ing, association, or attitude which under of Maryland (1968) revealed that all of the 55 death penalties issued for rape in that more frequently in cases of those of sub­ most circumstances would be quite ordi­ stance as compared with those of more mod­ nary, might become suspect or extremely state were for attacks upon white women· only five of the 55 were white men. Eve~ est means. Maybe this happens because we serious depending upon the race and sex of recognize that those who occupy socio­ both culprit and victim. though black women were raped more than ten times as often as white women, never in economic st3.tus similar to ours need time to However, I think it is a mistake to start the history of Maryland had any man been put their business affairs in order and to '!_!th the judge when analyzing disparity in executed for raping a black woman. More­ prepare their families for the traumatic ex­ sentencing. Judges, like all other human over, according to an examination of all rape perience they must endure. beings, are products of their experiences. indictments between 1960 and 1967, 47 per THREATS TO THE SYSTEM '!:_he way they think, their value systems and cent of all blacks who were convicted of The third social attitude which affects ~fenses come largely from society and its criminal assaults upon blacks were immedi­ equitable sentencing is our penchant for influence on them. Therefore a more funda­ ately returned to their community on proba­ punishing people whom we regard as a mental and fruitful point of departure for tion, confirming the low regard Maryland threat to the system. I am not referring to such a discussion is society itself. judges had for both black women and the the subversive or terrorist, but to the so­ Our quest for criminal justice is frustrated black community. The average sentence, ex­ called militant, power advocate and political because we fail to recognize that criminal clusive of those for life imprisonment and activist. When we are confronted with af­ justice is inextricably interwoven with and des.th, was 4.2 yea.rs when blacks raped firmative demands for change, the minus­ largely derived from, a broader social' jus- blacks, 16.4 years when blacks raped whites, cule ls magnified, and peaceful action is met tice. Consequently, the social climate at a 5.7 years when whites raped blacks, and 4.7 with unreasonable reaction. This paranoia given time or place contributes considerably years when whites raped whites. Almost 25 transcends all races and age groups, but 38970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 because blacks have been at the cutting edge race, nor avoid discussion regarding their im­ unwilling to cut big government down to for change throughout the past two decades, pact. It is incumbent upon us to correct the size. It continues to be the conservatives they have borne a large measure of the procedural and systematic defects involved rather than the liberals who are con­ reaction. in the sentencing process. We should re-ex­ Magnifying this unreasonable fear and amine our basic concept of justice, not tn cerned about the costly bureaucratic frustration is the notion that there is some­ terms of definition, but in terms of value, nightmare that has become dominant in thing intrinsically wrong with anyone who motive, and purpose. We should ask our­ Washington, D.C. It continues to be the speaks out for change, or with anything that selves whether or not our socio-econOinic ori­ conservatives rather than the liberals symbolizes change. Consequently, the stere­ entation does not inadvertently give prefer­ who attack big government. otype may tend to color a judge's conduct ential treatment to the powerful and pena­ and his innate prejudice may be stamped lize the odd man out. We should concern upon the evidence as it is received. ourselves With whether or not the justice we In 1972, the University of California. a.t dispense is consistent with what our rhetoric DOORMEN'S SOCIETY AWARDS Berkeley conducted a study in which 100 suggests, and wiith the effect our actions BANQUET DINNER students of various races permitted the plac­ might have on the survival of our entire sys­ ing of a Black Panther bumper sticker on tem of justice. their cars. None of the participants had ever But beyond all ,this, we should engage in HON. PAUL G. ROGERS been arrested for a traffic violation. Within introspection to create the kind of conscious­ six months these students accumulated over ness which will permit a broader base for OF FLORmA $2,000 in fines in the California courts for judgment and an even larger vision of a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES moving violations. To further illustrate this just society. Thursday, December 4, 1975 problem, in 1971-72 while I was serving on the United States Department of Defense Mr. ROGERS. Mr. Speaker, on Tues­ Task Force examining the quality of justice day, December 2, 1975, the Doormen's in the armed forces, we discovered that the WHY CANNOT LIBERALS ATTACK Society of the U.S. House of Represent­ Black Power handshake and/or salute was BIG GOVERNMENT atives held their annual awards banquet. considered sufficiently dangerous to draw Representative BARBARA JORDAN, of Texas, company punishment, produce summary presented the awards to the honorees court martial convictions, and to be used as a factor in the issuance of less than honor­ HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK and Representative CORINNE (LINDY) able discharges. In a similar vein, the In­ OF OHIO BOGGS, of Louisiana, presided over the ternal Security Division of the Baltimore IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES presentation ceremonies. The banquet Police Department has been attacked for in­ Thursday, December 4, 1975 was highlighted by the presentation of filtrating the campaigns of black politicians the Congressional Correspondent Award since 1969, keeping dossiers on black minis­ Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, EDMUND to Mr. Joseph Mccaffrey. Joe was hon­ ters and community leaders, and photo­ MUSKIE, Senator from Maine and former ored by the Doormen's Society for his graphing prominent blacks who participated candidate for President, recently asked more than 25 years of outstanding serv­ in public demonstrations and community a very penetrating question- · protests. ice as a congressional correspondent. He SPECIAL TREATMENT Why can't liberals start raising hell about has served as the Washington corre­ a government so big, so complex, so expen­ A more capricious, but nonetheless danger­ spondent for CBS, for the Mutual Broad­ sive, and so unresponsive that it's dragging casting Co., and as the editor of Mccaf­ ous mindset of this nature ls displayed by down every program. we've worked for? many judges throughout the country. These frey Reports. are the judges who give "special treatment" This is something I have often won­ A special commemorative award was in issuing arrest and search and seizure war­ dered about myself. Why cannot liberals presented to Mr. Sid Yudain, the editor rants, setting bail, granting injunctions, and work to reduce the size and cost of the and founder of Capitol Hill's most re­ imposing sentences when they are dealing spected and widely read newspaper­ with unpopular causes. Not only is disparate Federal Government? Why does it al­ treatment meted out to defendants, but also ways seem to be the conservatives who Roll-Call. Sid :first came to Capitol Hill to those who represent them and to others are concerned about big government? as a special assistant to Connecticut who may or may not be associated with them. Perhaps it is force of habit. For years Congressman A. P. Morano in 1951. ACLU, civil rights, and legal services lawyers the liberals have voted to increase the Awards for "Outstanding Doorman" are held in contempt, criticized, humiliated, size of government. They have created were presented to Gaston (Ray) Bethea, and treated far more callously than other countless new Federal agencies with Jr., and James A. Winchester, Jr. Ray lawyers who appear before those judges. thousands of employees and miles of red Bethea has served as a doorman since In recent years more than a dozen no­ torious cases have diminished the dignity of tape. 1973 and is a retired :first sergeant of the the judiciary. Classic examples include the Each new agency and each increase U.S. Marine Corps. Jim Winchester is an recent Cairo, Illinois, case in which all of the in the power of the Federal Government honors graduate of the University of judges in an entire circuit were charged with has been hailed by most liberal politi­ Florida, where he was president of the prejudicial findings and with abusing their cians as a great step forward. Instead of Pi Sigma Alpha fraternity. discretionary power with respect to demon­ improving the situation, however, these Mr. Robert Marshall, a 21-year veteran strators in that city; and the recent San actions have made the Government even of the Air Force, who has been a Capitol Francisco "Zebra" case in which state courts more distant and even more unrespon­ policeman for 7 years was named Police­ refused to grant black citizens injunctive re­ lief against illegal stop-and-frisks. sive to the needs of the people. It has also man of the Year at the banquet. While These thoughts are not to suggest that added to the cost. in the Air Force, Officer Marshall received judges account for the totality of inequity in Perhaps, then, the problem is just force two Air Force Commendation Medals our criminal justice system. However, we bear of habit. After having voted for big gov­ and three Presidential Unit Citations. a. major responsibility for insuring the prom­ ernment all these years, it is difficult for After these awards were presented, ise of equal justice in our courts. This obli­ the liberal politicians to change their friends and members of the Doormen's gation cannot be fully discharged if we fail ways. Society were prepared for a special sur­ to appreciate how racial discrimination can Or perhaps the problem is that the lib­ prise tribute to the society's founder and affect our thinking at the time of sentencing. erals cannot admit to the American peo­ president-Warren Hamilton Jernigan. JUDICIAL INITIATIVE ple that their philospohy has failed. Big They were not disappointed when "Mr. The three conceptions discussed herein are government is not the panacea it was Florida," Congressman RoBERT L. F. intended to suggest how social thought can be translated into judicial behavior and di­ thought to be. It is not the cure-all for SIKES, dean of the Florida congressional minish our ab111ty to do justice. I believe everything in our society. delegation, stepped to the microphone these conceptions are responsible, in a. large Perhaps the liberal politiciains, after and asked Helen Jernigan, wife of the measure, for disparate dispositions 1n crimi­ years of promoting big government, are beloved president and a tireless worker nal cases, and the resultant disrespect many embarrassed to admit they were wrong. in her own right on behalf of the Door­ have for our courts. Neither problem will dis­ They decline to attack big government men's Society and its many social, edu­ appear or diminish in intensity unless those because they have helped create this cational, and civic causes, and the Jerni­ of us charged with the m.a1ntena.nce of the gans' two sons, Robert and Warren to criminal justice system take the initiative in monster in the first place. And now they corrective action. have no other solutions. join him on the platform. Congressman We can nether afford to ignore the plethora Whatever the reason may be, it is clear SIKES told the assembled crowd about a of inequities explainable only in terms of that the liberal majority in Congress is hypothetical ceremony that had taken December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS . 38971 place earlier in the day. He said that the During the deliberation of the sub­ WALTER "DEE" HUDDLESTON, gave a pene­ Doormen's Society was awarding a committee the Administration consist­ trating keynote address at the World special award to Warren in recognition ently stated that it was against "one Food Crisis Symposium at the Univer­ of his continued outstanding and meri­ cent being used to bail out New York sity of Kentucky April 1 and 2. Senator torious service to the Congress of the City." Now the administration proposes HUDDLESTON, who serves on both the United States. Congressman SIKES noted legislation which will require an appro­ Senate Agriculture and Forestry and Ap­ that as the Member of Congress who priation from the U.S. Treasury amount­ propriations Committees, put into per­ originally sponsored Warren for employ­ ing to $2.3 billion. Even more difficult spective compassionately but realistically ment on Capitol Hill, he was privileged to comprehend is that the White House what the United States can and should to tell the attendees that the "H" in bill is a private bill. It is entitled "The do to alleviate hunger in the world. Sen­ Hamilton, Warren's middle name, really New York City Seasonal Financing Act ator HuDDLESTON's address follows: stands for "hinge." of 1975." Therefore, if New York City ADDRESS BY SENATOR HUDDLESTON Congressman SIKES continued his or any other municipality in this Nation It ls a pleasure to be wlth you and to praise of Warren Jernigan by reminding were to require additional or similar as­ participate in your forum on the world food the people at the banquet that Warren sistance from the Federal Government, crisis. has served in the House of Representa­ new legislation would be required. There­ Of all the traumatic experiences of the tives for 18 years, and has served as past several years-and they have been ! ore, the White House substitute, I be­ many-perhaps the least understandable Chief Doorman longer than any other lieve is a short sighted vehicle which and the one with the most universal impli­ person in the history of the U.S. Con­ merely places a bandaid over a festering cations has been the change in the world gress--12 years. Mr. SIKES concluded his · sore. food situation. remarks on this happy occasion by say­ The question which the subcommittee At times, the situation has been brought ing that over the years that Warren has attempted to answer during its hear­ dramatically home to us-as housewives boy­ been Chief Doorman he has heard words ings was whether the Federal Govern­ cotted meats or farmers slaughtered cattle or of great praise about his work from near- ment has a responsibility to aid munici­ the television cameras focused on the tragedy ly every Member of the House. in the Sahel. Often too, it has been a quiet, palities whose fiscal distress may well hidden type of deprivation. The Indian child result in a weakening of the economic no one fed one day, the low-income Ameri­ base of the entire country. The answer can waiting for the moment when he could was definitely in the affirmative how­ rummage through a garbage pall, or the aver­ HELP FOR NEW YORK AT LAST? ever. I believe that if a repetition of the age shopper pushing a basket a little faster New York City crisis is not to take place, past the expensive counter items. it is imperative that a more long-term The manifestations were many-and cer­ HON. STEWART B. McKINNEY approach be analyzed and developed. The tainly of varying degree. But, the fact was OF CONNECTICUT subcommittee bill set up a procedure inescapable-there was trouble in the world IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES food system, and the question was asked which would enable further modifica­ again and again whether we had reached Thursday, December 4, 1975 tions and improvements in debt financ­ that Malthusian future of gloom and doom Mr. McKINNEY. Mr. Speaker, for ing while at the same time providing or whether we were making our way through a mechanism for fiscal assistance during a period of aberration. weeks the Economic Stabilization Com­ After two decades of steadily increasing mittee of which I am ranking minority the implementation of these changes. Under the provisions of the White House food production, world grain output actually member has been wrestling with the debt declined by about three percent in 1972. Bad financing problems of State and local bill, no such mechanism is provided. It is weather in the chief grain producing areas governments. After hearing over 100 a cut and dried "bail-out of New York of the world resulted in a d.rawdown of cereal hours of testimony from witnesses repre­ City" bill with no assistance for other stocks to the lowest level in almost 30 years. senting all facets of municipal debt fi­ municipalities in the future. And the resulting increase in food prices had While I am disappointed in the ad­ two extremely significant results. It reversed nancing, the subcommittee and full a three decade trend, causing the percent of Banking Committee reported out legis­ ministration position on the whole mu­ nicipal debt financing crisis, I am pleased individual U.S. disposable income spent on lation which would have assisted not food to rise. And, it added to the financial only New York City but any municipality that the President has decided to pro­ difficulties of the emerging nations which whose financial condition could result in vide assistance to New York. However, were already saddled with higher costs for the serious impairment of the financial I believe that while New York City's im­ energy imports. structure of the locality and/or the State mediate fiscal crisis has been, at least These developments, quite understandably, in which it is situated. The legislation temporarily relieved by this legislation, brought to the forefront questions about our it is the responsibility of this Congress abilities to feed ourselves and much of the provided a means for the municipality world at acceptable costs in the years ahead. to "get back on its feet" by requiring that and of this administration to reevaluate our priorities and reallocate our re­ Thus, we need to look in some detail at certain prerequisites were carried out be­ world food demand projections and at the fore Federal assistance is provided. In sources so as to correct the obvious in­ capabillties of our own, fine agricultural return the Federal Government would stances of excessive municipal debt system. establish loan guarantees which would which is evident throughout the Nation. World food production must increase 25 insure that the credit market remained Until a comprehensive review of munici­ million tons or almost 3 percent annually open, thereby enabling the municipality pal debt financing requirements is un­ just to keep up with growth in demand. That to continue to provide public services to dertaken, or an overhauling of our wel­ does not even include the upgrading of mil­ fare and revenue sharing system is made, lions of diets which need improving. Until its residents. recently, increases in production have just The protection of the governments in­ our near disastrous experience of the de­ been able to match the expanding needs of a terest was provided for and fees were to fault of New York City will return to growing and more affiuent population. But be paid by the participating locality for haunt the hallowed Halls of Congress the gap between food consumption and the the administration and processing of the for many years to come. world's ability to produce 1s beginning to guarantees. The cost to the American widen. The food demand/ production gap is most taxpayer? Zero. significant for the poorest nations of the While New York City's fiscal decline world. Unless food production is greatly ex­ was the catalyst which resulted in this SYMPOSIUM ON THE WORLD FOOD CRISIS, XIII-KEYNOTE ADDRESS panded in these regions, the developing world legislation, our hearings indicated that may face 85 million ton cereal deficits by other cities are in danger of defaulting 1985. If we compare this 85 million figure on their municipal debt. Therefore, while HON. JOHN BRECKINRIDGE with a 1969-71 average annual cereal deficit the legislation was tailored to New York of 16 million tons, we see that this means OF KENTUCKY arrangements will have to be made by these City's immediate problem it would have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES provided a mechanism which could have countries to provide for up to five times their Thursday, December 4, 1975 current shortfall. Otherwise, the impact of been used by other municipalities who a grain decline will be staggering. were in danger of imminent fiscal dis­ Mr. BRECKINRIDGE. Mr. Speaker, We must, therefore, begin to plan for the aster. the senior Senator from Kentucky, food needs of future generations. One ap- 38972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 proach to meeting the deficit is a greatly ex­ ready been initiated. Further increases are available to the Secretary of Agriculture panded program of food aid . In this regard it going to be accomplished at much greater ex­ to enforce the prompt payment provi­ should be pointed out that the United States pense. But, hopefully, the recently created has been the most generous nation in the Consultative Group on Food Production and sions of the act. world when it comes to food assistance. Over Investment which was recommended by the Mr. Speaker, this bill results from spe­ the past twenty years we have shipped over World Food Conference can help identify new cific problems that have been experi­ $25 billion of agricultural commodities to sources of financing for agricultural enced recently under the Perishable Ag­ needy nations abroad under our Food for development. ricultural Commodities Act, and for that Peace program. Since 1965, the United States Coming back to our own country and our reason I would hope that early action has provided over three quarters of all food own agricultural system, we need to reex­ might be taken on it. assistance to the developing world. During amine our potential and our policy to insure the current year we will be increasing foreign that we use our resources in the best manner food assistance by over 50 % to about $1.6 possible. billion. It is clear that our record in food aid Over the past three decades, the American is unmatched by any nation of the world. food production and marketing system has H.R. 5901 Yet it is clear that the United States can­ supplied U.S. consumers with the widest not bear the burden of food aid alone. Over variety of the most wholesome foods at rea­ recent years other nations have reached a sonable prices of any nation in the history HON. GLADYS NOON SPELLMAN level of economic strength which permits of mankind. There is no doubt that it can OF MARYLAND greater participation in foreign food assist­ perform admirably in the future. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ance. Some of these nations can contribute That same system has produced about half Thursday, December 4, 1975 commodities directly. Others, which do not of all cereals recently moving in world trade. have the surplus food producing capabilities In fact, the United States is by far the larg­ Mrs. SPELLMAN. Mr. Speaker, on to donate food directly, can provide resources est single source of food imports for other September 9 and 10, the Senate and with which to finance food assistance. Cer­ countries. This is important both because it House successfully overrode the Presi­ tainly, the oil producing nations of the Mid­ enables us to dispose of those commodities dent's veto of the education appropria­ dle East are in such a position. And, our we cannot use here at home-we produce two 1976 5901) . government should initiate discussions with to three times more wheat annually than can tions for fiscal year free market system disclosures." RESOLUTION while nevertheless blending it into the My hope is that we have now learned the best moral and social goals that have so worst of the secret CIA operations and that far been devised. It is no longer expedient this and other reports by Congressional Com­ HON. TOM STEED to point with pride to our own fashions mittees will have a cleansing effect. Hope­ OF OKLAHOMA and to deprecate the systems under fully, the CIA's long night of embarrassment will soon be over. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES which others choose to live. We were pointedly reminded by R. 0. The Senate Committee recommends that Thursday, December 4, 1975 it be made a crime to assassinate a foreign Anderson that there is yet no socialist official and such a law could very well be Mr. STEED. Mr. Speaker, the National nation on Earth that is able to provide useful, but the real deterrent in the future Oil Jobbers Council, representing people enough food for its own people: Yet we must be a general political atmosphere and who retail oil products, has sent me the were also reminded that there is some­ moral climate which simply rejects, and re­ following resolution on possible legisla­ thing close to moral bankruptcy when fuses even to consider, criminal acts as a tion. They have asked that Congress not means of carrying out American foreign our so-called free market system results policy. pass any legislation requiring horizontal in the exportation of more and more We must not believe that this sordid or vertical divestiture until it has had an arms to more and more of the Third chapter is representative of the conduct of opportunity for a committee to study the World countries who can least afford to our government. If we do believe that, the matter. This resolution merits your con­ provide them, and with virtually no pur­ future of democratic government is bleak. sideration. pose for them. Rather, we must see it as an aberration, RESOLUTION The Anderson remarks were particu­ and resolve to put aside the excesses of the Whereas, there have been recent efforts in larly of value to Members of the House, past, overcome the abuses that have been the Congress to attach to vital emergency and I am happy to enclose them here­ exposed, and cleanse our institutions so that natural gas legislation, certain amendments, they can carry on the nation's business with. that would accomplish a restructuring of the THE ECONOMl'.C DIMENSION abroad, including the conduct of an active energy industry; and, intelligence service. Whereas these amendments do not directly In looking at the current economic prob­ Legitimate intelligence activities, including relate to the natural gas legislation; and, lem and prospects for the global community, the collection of current information con­ Whereas attempts to amend other impor­ I think it best to step back a moment in cerning the strengths and weaknesses of any tant legislative proposals in a similar manner time and examine where we have been. potential adversary, must continue and be a.re continuing; and, I-THE PROBLEM strengthened. But the intelligence apparatus Whereas. the consideration of the many Up until the eighteenth century, civilized must be controlled by effective presidential complex factors inherent in any proposal, as well as uncivilized men viewed the future and Congressional oversight. I certainly do to restructure the energy industry, neces­ with 111-concealed uncertainty. Human ex­ not want to destroy the intelligence agen­ sarily involves factors central to the survival perience gave little to hope for in the fu­ cies, but I do want to put them on a short of the national economy, our national se­ ture and it was better and happier to con­ leash to prevent them from straying beyond curity, the cost of living, the impact upon the template the pleasures and glories of the the legal and moral limitations necessary to consuming public, and the preservation of past. preserve a free a.nd lawful society. competition in this most vital industry; Now The 18th century concepts of Hume, Locke therefore be it and Voltaire that man could improve his Resolved, the critical nature of this matter world and future was an electrifying thought. requires that the U.S. Senate and U.S. House It was a revolutionary idea. that created this REASSURING THE BALTIC PEOPLES of Representatives conform to their tradi­ nation and all of the democracies of the tional legislative procedures and consider world today. The concept was simple: free such matters only after holding full legisla­ men working together, without oppression, HON. JAMES J. HOWARD tive hearing; further be it could govern their lives 1n such a fashion as OF NEW JERSEY Resolved, to accord a question of such to not only offer a secure but better future. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES critical importance less than full legislative Since that time, western man has looked Thursday, December 4, 1975 consideration would deprive the members of ahead with hope for a better future. your body of the many beneflts of the usual Today that dream suddenly appears to be Mr. HOWARD. Mr. Speaker, as we pre­ procedure of sub-committee and committee in serious jeopardy and thoughtful and in­ pare to celebrate our 200th anniversary deliberations. formed men the world over are contemplating December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38975 the future with an uneasiness that would farms in an economy that has shown little distribution of the world resources can be have been unthinkable a few years ago. The if any change during the last one thousand made. The call for a new world economy validity of a society which views the indi­ years. leaves no doubt as to this awareness. vidual as endowed with sovereign and basic These people, almost exclusively of the The inevitable and painful redistribution rights is in serious trouble and man's ability peasant class, have hardly been touched by of global wealth has already started among to govern himself is in question. the modern world. Whether they are found the petroleum importing nations and the For the last 300 years western civilization in China, South America, Africa, Indonesia, process appears to be moving into other re­ h as been riding the crest of a giant wave of India or a few remote villages in Eastern sources. At the best this particular process growth that has carried us constantly for­ Europe, there are striking similarities in their of redistribution is haphazard and inequi­ ward and upward. Growth and new opportu­ values and style of life. Survival is the central table, yet it is both absolute and irreversible. nities have been the mode of life and no­ and simple issue about which all else revolves. For the last quarter of a century public where more apparent than in the optimistic They have never known anything but hard­ policy has been totally oriented toward world of we Americans. That wave may now ship and have never thought of the future greater consumer consumption as the key to have crested and we may now be on the without some modicum of fear. Strangely a higher standard of living. Today the de­ long down slope. enough, the peasant life is a remarkably mand for goods and services exceeds our As a people we have had the remarkable stable one and they have an enduring re­ ability to produce to such an extent that we and singular fortune to have discovered and silience in the face of adversity. They stlll are faced with accelerating inflation as too enjoyed the riches of a new and vast con­ remain in the world of the Middle Ages and much money pursues too few and costly tinent. The great years of European dis­ are silent witnesses of the traumas facing goods. Our previous economic and monetary covery fueled the renaissance and the New the developed world. In all probability they experience suggests certain remedies that World provided the inspiration and intellec­ are far better prepared for the future than inevitably have worked under conditions of tual resources for both the old and the new. we are. growth and abundance. These remedies which We, who fell heir to the new continent, have For reasons that I will subsequently devel­ are essentially directed toward even greater tended to take our good fortune thoughtless­ op at greater length, I have the strong feeling consumption will not work in a long and ly and with benign recklessness have de­ that the world has moved through a hinge structural period of decline. In fact, the re­ pleted not only many of its resources, but line in human events and that a future sponses that have been effective in the period now encroach heavily on all of the resources predicted on the near or immediate past no of expansion may be highly ineffective and of the globe. The land itself has provided longer holds validity. Among those reasons is counter-productive in conditions of basic the richest resource of our society and today the quiet addition of an additional billion decline. The economic philosophy of Lord more than ever it is our hope for the future. people to a planet that even a quarter of a Keyes may no longer apply in our 20th cen­ The corn belt of Iowa and Illinois provided century ago was probably overextending its tury world in which economic growth may be the basis for the unprecedented growth of basic resources. Popular wisdom has never limited. this country. Without our rich agricultural questioned the availability of resources and There are four areas of major difficulty as lands this would have been a vastly different it has been generally accepted that man's we face the future which interact and com­ and rpuch poorer America. Today the entire future could only be limited by his ability pound each other. They are capital, food, re­ world including the socialist countries are and ingenuity. Absolute limits were and are sources and time. They have one thing in still unthinkable to most Americans. Yet common, they are all in inadequate supply. to some extent totally dependent on our Ironically, virtually all of our hopes for the heartland. there is unmistakable evidence that we have During the centuries of growth, we wit­ finally reached a point in our relentless de­ future are tied to their availability. The nessed a remarkable phenomenon as world velopment where we can no longer be san­ dimension of time may well be the most im­ guine about many things that have been portant and limiting factor in framing the population began a long and sustained period future. of growth during which the human species accepted without question or objective analysis. I must confess a personal sense of helpless­ multiplied nearly tenfold. ness in contemplating these constraints and The industrial revolution provided the The concept that we mortals may be bound and limited by an even greater force is a also an even more ominous feeling as to how means for improved production and trans­ such a period of massive change can be ac­ portation to support a population that shocking concept at best. We have discovered that the limitless blue sky of the future has complished without catastrophic social dis­ doubled in a century. It also permitted the a ceiling and even more disquieting, we may ruption. Its effects are already evident in the growth of a new phenomenon that is quite be much too close to it. Given unlimited time, polltical unrest which is almost universal in unique in world history, the great cities. A resources and research, it is quite possible the world community of today. Political in­ hundred years ago there were few cities with that this ceilin$ could be extended indef­ stability and terrorism are becoming the as much as a million people. initely but within the confines of the 20th hallmarks of our time and occur at a period Cities are constrained in their growth by century world, these are dreams for the far in history when all of our institutions are the ability to move food and essential sup­ distant future. We may ·dream of them, but finding great difficulty in accommodating to plies to a central point and again redistrib­ they are not consistent with the needs, the changes that we have not yet recognized. ute them to the individual consumer. The time and the resources currently available More and more governments are moving to­ distance that a man could reasonably walk to us. wards military or totalitarian societies as the was the basic unit in the development of The idea of unlimited and cheap resources democratic process appears to have failed us. urban life up until the end of the la.st was basic to our hopes and social designs for As the net grows tighter, we look for scape­ century. the future. Any view to the contrary has and goats on every side without recognizing that Those cities which had been established continues to be rejected by our intellectual society itself and its leaders over the last few on water had the advantage of water-borne community as it requires rethinking virtual­ decades are the guilty parties. The give away­ transportation to facilitate their growth in ly all of the social thought of contemporary throw away society is a thing of the past this country. New York, Philadelphia, Balti­ science and public policy. Many a distin­ and even governments such as ours are now more and Boston were the evident bene­ guished academic career hangs in the balance facing an era of accountability. We must ficiaries of such a development. over this simple concept. finally live within our means or face com­ London, the first great city of the world An egalitarian and populist society can plete social and financial collapse. to reach the million population level, was hardly contemplate limitations without real­ With intelligent and strong leadership in based on a life pattern centered around the izing the great personal constraints that the the western world one could be somewhat rapid and extensive development of canals concept entails. Our public officials and our more hopeful about the future but there ts and steam railroads in England. Cheap and national goals are completely inconsistent little solace to be found in this quarter. In abundant energy has fueled and made pos­ with such a devastating concept. Yet, I be­ looking at our governments we must recog­ sible the phenomenal growth of urban areas. lieve that the constraints are not only grow­ nize that they reflect ourselves and I believe Social scientists of future generations will ~ in number but they portend a very basic that this has never been more true than at undoubtedly see the population explosion change in our way of life. It is a virtual cer­ the moment. Like our politicians, we would of this century as one if not the central tainty that we are moving from an age of prefer to put the problems off even at the affiuence to one of greater austerity. phenomenon of the 20th centmy. Aside from danger of aggravating them and making them this explosive growth, the distribution of the A century from now, when our times are more difficult to solve. population is possibly of even greater sig­ reviewed by future historians, it will become nificance. We have witnessed a phenomenal evident that the great wave of growth and The free western societies have rarely been and massive migration of hundreds of mil­ affiuence peaked during the late 1960's. For more split and divided than they are today. lions of people from rural to urban life. Even the last six or seven years we have been un­ Factionalism is rampant and society has in our country during the last twenty-five dergoing a period of change in which levels fra.gmentized into groups dedicated toward years the migration of people from farm to of personal consumption have leveled off and self-serving and self-interest goals. The end­ urban centers dwarfs all other known move­ are now starting to decline. This decline w11l less list of factions not only continues to ments of people in a civilized country. be further aggravated in the developed coun­ grow but their mood and tone become ever Yet in spite of the massive migration. tries as the developing world realizes that shriller and more strident as they press for which will put one-third of the global popu­ resources that contributed to the rise of greater advantage. lation in major urban centers during this western civilization may no longer be avail­ There is a great danger that as a nation, century, at least half of the world popula­ able to them and that they are now confined we may elect to go it alone and abandon the tion continues to live on small subsistence to future growth only if some more equitable rest of the world to its problems. If we do, 38976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 it will be a move that will never come back, GRAIN-CAR ALLOCATION RULES PROPOSED BY him, STAGGERS still managed to convince and one that will isolate America for gener­ ICC UNIT 180 Members of this body, from all sec­ ations to come. Unthinkable as this may CHICAGO.-The Interstate Commerce Com­ tions of the country to stand and be ·seem, we have already made a number of mission's Bureau of Enforcement said it will counted with him. moves in this direction. President Nixon's propose 1o the commission a strict set of actions on August 15, 1971, were the firs't rules governing the allocation of railroad What is even more important, is that step and more recently and much more sig­ cars among shippers of grain. The quota sys­ he fought for over 200 million Americans nificant was the first step toward agricul­ tem is designed to forestall massive short­ and their right to know. tural export control a few months ago. In ages of grain cars such as occurred in 1973. As a steward of the public interest, this effect, we told the rest of the world that if In a surprise move, the bureau distributed was surely HARLEY STAGGERS' finest hour. people were to face hunger and starvation, an outline of the proposal to the railroads The unexpected defeat stunned and we were not prepared to share unless it was and shippers attending an ICC hearing here perplexed those of us who shared HARLEY over and above our own needs and did not on alleged "black marketing" of grain cars affect our own costs. The result can only during the 1973 crunch. STAGGERS' concern. push food prices even higher outside the Midwest grain elevator operators told ICC Now another footnote to history has United States and accentuate already acute investigators that exporters who owned or appeared in the public press which may shortages. Politically, the decision was an leased large numbers of cars at times charged shed some further light on the situation. easy one, yet we will now live for years having several cents a bushel for providing the cars It deserves the attention of my colleagues, to decide whom we shall deny food to. At to desperate elevator operators. and I am therefore inserting into the the best we have politicized food in the same Such privately held cars are considered RECORD an article on this subject from manner that the OPEC countries have politi­ outside ICC authority but further allega­ the November 26, 1975, issue of Variety: cized petroleum. In a historical perspective, tions accuse the major exporters of exacting instituting export controls on grain may be charges for railroad-owned cars placed at the FIND CBS IN NIXON WHITE HOUSE WEB­ one of the major global decisions of this exporters' disposal by the railroads. At the STANTON DENIES TALKING ABOUT ANY century. It may signal to each and every hearings that began here Monday and are DEALS nation of the world that the United States slated to continue for two weeks, railroads (By Paul Harris) and the rest of the world will fend for them­ and exporters are cross-examining an ICC WASHINGTON, November 25 .-COntinulng selves when the going is rough, even if investigator and the elevator operators on investigation of TV network involvement starvation is the ultimate end. I hesitate to their previously published testimony. with the Nixon Administration has indicated think that we Americans have made a con­ Under the ICC plan, a grain elevator oper­ that CBS president Frank Stanton offered in scious decision to go it alone as we have been ator couldn't order cars more than a week 1971 to cooperate on network news stories in the principal and most vocal advocates of in advance and would have to limit its order return for White House muscle to quash a global interdependence when things were to no more than the number of cars i•ts load­ Congressional contempt citation over the going our way. Yet cynicism is deep among ing facilities could handle in five days. controversial web documentary, "The Sell­ the nations and few believe that our mag­ At the start of the week, the railroad would ing of the Pentagon." The Administration nanimity will supersede political expediency classify and tabulate the orders in three rates subsequently intervened in the House vote at home. categories-unit train ( 20 or more cars as a with the aid of then minority leader Gerald IN CONCLUSION unit from one origin to one destination), R. Ford, reliable sources maint.iln. If one objectively contemplates the global multiple cars (from ·two to 20 from one con­ The alleged incident, flatly denied by Dr. problem areas of money, food and energy and signor to one consignee), and single-car. Stanton, occurred in July 1971 following a adds the dimensions of political and social On each day, the railroad would then al­ House Investigations Subcommittee probe reality it is quite evident that we face a locate ~aln cars under the three categories into the CBS documentary that was highly problem of extraordinary proportions. If there according to :the proportion of each category critical of Pentagon propaganda methods be hope, it can only come from a united effort to the week's total orders. However, any cars and expenditures. The panel, headed by Rep. determined to make the best of our prob­ in :the unit-train category which would be Harley Staggers (D-W. Va.), voted to push lems together with the leaders' willingness to insufficient to make up a train oat a unit­ for a contempt citation against Stanton face reality. Sacrifices will and must be made train elevator on a particular day would be after the latter refused to honor a subpoena voluntarily or involuntarily we are all going reallocated on the same day to the two lesser for outtakes of the show (see separate story). to see unwelcome changes in our lives. None categories on a pro-rata basis. Cars would Several former White House staffers have can or will escape the forces of change that likewise be released from the multiple cate­ told Variety that following the committee are now about us. A stable or declining econ­ gory. vote, Stanton and several of his attorneys omy will certainly test our adaptability and ca.tegories thus giving up cars would re­ contacted White House counsel Charles Col­ ingenuity. ceive a credit for each such car and a grain son offering network "cooperation" with the car would be set aside the next day for each media-troubled Administration if the White credit and added to ·the category's quota for House would persuade the House minority leader and Rep. Les Arends (R-Ill.) to vote GRAIN-CAR ALLOCATION RULES the day. Orders remaining unfilled at the end of against the contempt citation that was PROPOSED BY ICC UNIT the week would be carried over to the follow­ headed fl)r the floor. ing week and accorded priority in distribu­ Reached at his New York office today tion over new orders. (Tues.), Stanton categorically denied any at­ HON. J. J. PICKLE tempts to enlist White House aid in the cita­ OF TEXAS tion vote. "I recall no such meeting . . . I IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES know damn well there was no meeting," he told Variety. Stanton, who eventually left Thursday, December 4, 1975 "FIND CBS IN NIXON WHITE HOUSE CBS after becoming its vice chairman, is cur­ Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker I have no­ WEB" rently head of the American Red Crm::s. White House Congressional liaison Clark ticed with great interest a 'proposal by MacGregor was reportedly dlspa tched by the Interstate Commerce Commission to HON. JOHN M. MURPHY Chief of Staff H. R. Haldeman to meet with allocate scarce grain railcars. OF NEW YORK Ford and obtain a promise to vote against In early 1973, I conducted hearings IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES contempt. Ford was advised of the Admin­ showing that the massive sale of wheat to istration position on the contempt vote, al­ the Soviet Union led to a massive short­ Thursday, December 4, 1975 though it ls not known whether he was given age of railcars, and that shortage led to Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. Speak­ any particulars of the Stanton-Colson gabs. massive double digit inflation. On July 13, the House voted instead to re­ er, back in the summer of 1971, the dis­ commit the contempt citation to the Com­ Since then, Mr. Speaker, in many tinguished chairman of the Interstate merce Comm1ttee, the investigation sub­ speeches and a special order, I have urged and Foreign Commerce Committee, committee's parent also headed by Staggers. that the limited number of grain rail­ HARLEY 0. STAGGERS, led a gallant, but Ford joined the majority in the 226-181 tally. cars be allocated in an equitable manner. losing battle, on the fioor of this House Three days later, on July 16, Stanton and I cannot say the ICC staff proposal is to have Dr. Frank Stanton, the Presi­ attorney Alexander Lankler reportedly met the perfect plan, but it is a plan. with Colson in his White House office along dent of CBS, cited for contempt of Con­ with Presidential assistant Henry Cashen. I urge the Commission members to gress. During the 90-minute conversation, Stanton adopt such an allocation system. Even with the White House against reportedly told Colson that he wanted to be Without a plan we will again have Chairman STAGGERS, the leadership of more cooperative with the Administration, train car chaos leading to a transpor ta­ both the Republican and Democrat sides and suggested that the White House counsel tion catastrophe. of the House against him, and the most call him any time he thought CBS news I include in the RECORD an article from powerful lobby in the country, the tele­ coverage was biased against the Administra­ the December 2, 1975, Washington Star: vision networks and news media against tion. December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38977 Unknown to the two CBS officials, however, THE 1975 COTTON FARMER OF THE YEAR: tude apparently passed on to later genera­ was that the entire conversation wa.s tape­ CHAUNCEY L. DENTON, JR. tions, the older Denton used what credit he recorded by the White House aide. The re­ (By Tom Griffin) had and purchased 4,000 acres during the depression. cording, and a. transcript, are currently on Our 1975 Cotton Farmer of the Year ls a file at the White House, according to a. re­ By the time Chauncey Denton, Jr. returned man proud of his heritage as a. farmer, proud from the University of Missouri at Co- liable source. of the fact that he has lived since he was Reached in Washington this week, both 1umbia. in 1936, after graduating cum laude Colson and Cashen confirmed that they met eight months old on the land he now farms, in business administration, the farm was on with Stanton in the White House and that and proud of the fact that four generations a solid footing a.gain and he became a part­ the session was ta.perecorded. However, both of his family remain on that land. This in­ ner with his father in 1946. Denwood Planta­ dustry pride, coupled with a willingness to tion, as the farm is called, later was oper­ declined to discuss the matter further. get into the fray when cotton and agriculture WHITE HOUSE'S TROUBLES ated by Denton Brothers, as was a gin and a needed a. spaokesma.n, has led Chauncey L. small store built by the elder Denton when Indications are that the White House had Denton, Jr., into a series of positions of lead­ he first moved to Arkansas. The gin and store reasons apart from the alleged Stanton ar­ ership, the latest being as president of the reta.1n that designation even though one rangement to a.id the then CBS prez in his National Cotton Council. of the brothers, Bill Joe Denton, died in 1964. moment of peril. It was at the same time Scanning a list of his accomplishments, you The name Denwood, incidentally, is a fair battling in court over the release of the Pen­ find a man of firm conviction and an inabil­ indication of the love for agriculture and tagon Papers to the N.Y. Times, and had no ity to sit quietly by when he feels something farm life that led the elder Denton to persist wish to see its Attorney General tied up with needs to be done or said. His files contain despite the early adversities. He chose that another media-related case, which would clippings and carbons of letters to presidents, name because the farm was his "den in the have been the upshot if Stanton were held in congressmen, governors, agricultural orga­ contempt. The upcoming election was also woods." nizations and the public press ... all speak­ Chauncey Denton, Jr., and the two sons, no doubt a. consideration. ing up for agriculture, defending the indus­ Whatever its motives, the White House farm around 2,000 acres at present; some try or urging correction of an administrative land is rented out. Of this, 500 acres were de­ seized the opportunity to play politics with or legislative position he considered adverse. the world's most powerful news organization. voted to cotton in 1975, about half the num­ Denton served as president of the Agricul­ ber of acres planted in cotton in 1974. More But while overall web news coverage appar­ tural Council of Arkansas for two consecutive ently remained unaffected, the Stanton than 1,300 acres are devoted to soybeans and terms, 1960 and 1961, and is currently a mem­ approximately 120 acres of the heavier black meeting reportedly spawned a new era of ber of the board of directors. He became a White House-CBS brass relations that also land were planted in 1975 to a successful first member of> the ASCS Arkansas state commit­ year crop of rice. included board chairman William S. Paley, tee in 1964 and served through most of 1969. insists the former White House source. Land is heavy. The land ls heavy when He became second chairman of the Cotton compared to the Delta land that begins just Reportedly also on file at the White House Producer's Steering Committee of the Na­ a.re taperecordings of "numerous" telephone a few miles east of Denwood Plantation. tional Cotton Council and served in that Some ls very heavy and some might be called conversations between Colson and the two position for four consecutive terms, during web chieftains that suggest instances of net­ medium heavy. It is considered, because of that important group's formative yea.rs. In this heaviness, to be bale-to-the-acre land, work programming changes made after prod­ addition to the presidency of the National ding from the Executive Mansion: Included: and 500 pounds of Unt per acre ls the Den­ Cotton Council, he is a member of the USDA's tons' projected yield. Chauncey Denton, Jr., A 1971 decision by CBS not to continue National Advisory Committee on safety in the "Loyal Opposition" series begun in 1971 however, ls quick to point out that the un­ before FCC interference. Show featured agriculture. favorable weather that has marked the Mid­ Democratic National Committee chairman Before turning to other activities of this South region for the past three years, has Lawrence O'Brien, and was vigorously ob­ busy individual, it should be noted that he hurt. Denwood Plantation did make a good jected to by the Administration because of was an active participant in agriculture's be­ crop in 1973, but Denton, echoing numberless fund-raising a.ppea.Ls to the DNC included half when the Agricultural Act of 1970 was other Mid-South farmers in that disastrous being put together, responding to an invita­ in the vidcasts. The Republican National harvest season, says "the weather didn't let Committee had officially protested. tion to participate in a fall 1969 meeting us harvest it." Telephone conversations between Colson sponsored by the National Cotton Council to The Dentons have been in a.gri-business and Paley a.bout White House displeasure see that cotton's interests were reflected in since shortly after the elder Denton moved with the CBS "instant analysis" that fol­ the legislation. into the area. with his family. "We have had lowed President Nixon's speeches. The net­ In addition to these activities, Denton has some sort of agri-business all along." Den­ work briefly pulled the impromptu summa­ served as a member of the Arkansas Highway ton says. "We have sold tires, fertilizer and ries from its sked. Commission and ls a. member of the board of farm chemicals, operated this little country It was learned that the entire episode has directors of the Bank of Wilson, Wilson, Ar­ sundry store and kept the gin operating. We been brought to the attention of the House kansas; Delta Products Company, Wilson, would have had to close the country store Inte111gence Committee of Rep. Otis Pike Arkansas; and the St. Francis Levee District years ago if it hadn't been for our chemical (D-N.Y.) for possible link with its probe into of west Memphis, Arkansas. business. connections between media orgs and the CIA. His agricui.tural operations include farming "We began buying chemicals in connection 2,000 acres of heavy land just beyond the with our ginning operation, to keep our However, it could not be ascertained whether edge of the Mississippi River Delta in Arkan­ crew together for ginning time. Finally, we the Pike panel ha.s requested that the White sas, and managing a cotton gin and a. chemi­ developed a. moderate chemical business, House turn over its memos and tapes to aid cal business. buying from Helena. Chemical, Riverside in the investigation. All of this involvement would be impos­ Chemical and Thompson-Hayward out of sible, he ls quick to point out, if it weren't Memphis and selling to area. farmers.'' for the fact that he has readily available MINIMUM TILLAGE EXPERIENCE HELPED OVER- supervisory help from his family. One of his COME BAD SPRING . ARKANSAWYER NAMED COTTON three sons, Trey (the nickname given Chaun­ Like so many Mid-South farmers, the Den­ FARMER OF THE YEAR cey Denton III), is a. full partner in the farm­ tons early in 1975 found themselves facing ing operation and Denton says without his another adverse spring when it was time to presence to run the farm he could not have prepare the beds and plant the cotton crop. HON. BILL ALEXANDER undertaken some of the outside obligations They, however, took advantage of their ex­ he has assumed. Another son, David Denton, perience with minimum tillage--an experi­ OF ARKANSAS recently graduated from the University of ence forced on them by circumstances in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mississippi and has joined his father and earlier years--and, working during a. spell of brother in active operation of the farm. A Thursday, December 4, 1975 dry weather from April 21st through the third son, Chris Denton, lives in Houston, 24th, planted the 1975 crop on the 1974 beds. Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, it is Texas. "We made up our minds around the first of with great pleasure that I bring to the Denton's father, now 89, lives next door to April that we would have to plant on the old attention of my colleagues the selection of the house where Chauncey Denton, Jr. lives beds because we had been unable to get into as a widower. The elder Denton, who was 1n the fields due to the weather," Chauncey one of my constituents, Chauncey Den­ his earliest years a minor league baseball Denton, Jr. says. "But actually, this wasn't ton of Denwood, Ark., as "1975 Cotton player, began farming in Belen, Mississippi. a. new experience. We have had strange Farmer of the Year." He wanted to buy some land of his own and weather for the last four or five years. If we Chauncey, in addition to being a work­ found, in 1917, at a good price in Mississippi hadn't used minimum tillage in 1975, as wet ing farmer, is currently president of the County, Arkansas, land recently cleared in a as it was in our area, we would not have National Cotton Council. I commend to logging operation. When cotton prices planted a. crop of cotton. iny colleagues the Cotton Farming mag­ plunged to eight and ten cents a pound in "We normally believe our time to start 1920, it brought temporary :financial distress. planting is around the 20th of April, if we azine tribute to this outstanding spokes­ The farm operation was built back up, only can get the ground ready and if the weather man for cotton and agriculture in gen­ to fall into the abyss of the 1930's Depres­ permits. If we were on lighter soil, we would eral: sion. Pushed by a. love for farming, an a.tti- wait another week, until around the first of 38978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 May, but we believe it is better to plant have to spray for thrips in our area," Denton JOHNSONGRASS A DmTY WORD earlier on our black soil. But with the weather says. "But this seed treatment certainly keeps Asked if banding Trefian doesn't leave of recent years we often find ourselves look­ us from having to spray as much." him with Johnsongrass problems in the ing a.t a planting time up into May." EARLY SPOT SPRAYING REDUCES LATER PROB­ middles, Denton replies that it doesn't be­ The Dentons' first experience with mini­ LEMS WITH WEEVILS, WORMS cause Johnsongrass has been almost elimin­ ated from the fields. "My father has always mum tillage was in 1970. "We had a wet Insect control is turned over to a consult­ spring and by the first of April we had been ing entomologist. "This has become a very thought Johnsongrass was a dirty word," unable to get any cotton land put up," Den­ he says, "and, as a result, we don't have much specialized field," Denton says. "It takes a of a problem with it. You won't see much ton says. "So we decided in desperation to long time to learn about the life cycle of all plant without the usual land preparation. of it on our place. the insects and what you should do and "It has been our policy for years never You can't just go out and break this black when. So we decided to quit worrying about land one day and plant it the next. You have to let a hoe hand chop down a sprig of it and hire a consulting entomologist as a Johnsongrass. It will just show up again. to break the land, let it dry, wait until you professional to do the job for us." get a rain on it to slack it down, and then, We always have spot sprayed with chemicals, Their consultant likes to try and reduce the something like Dowpon, particularly back when it gets dry again, harrow it off and number of insecticide applications needed to plant." when labor was cheaper. So we have literally Plant on old beds. The minimum tillage control the bollworm and boll weevil by spot cleaned up this place as far as Johnsongrass practiced by the Dentons consists of disking spraying isolated spots, such as ditch banks goes. That's the reason we can band and get the old bed lightly, followed by a very light and around wooded areas, in June to catch away with it." hipping over the old stalks. Then the bed is some of the· early emerging insects. This helps Denwood Plantation normally uses two di­ harrowed off and the crop planted. The old delay the time when all out spraying must rected sprays on cotton. Some spots may be beds haven't been destroyed. be started. treated a third time if a problem develops. They wondered the first year whether or "Usually we will spray for thrlps and then, When the crop reaches three to six inches not the old stalks would snarl up their at the direction of our consultant, spray in height, the Dentons like to use DSMA and planters, but found this was not a problem. around some wooded areas and up and down Cotoran. This is DSMA, not MSMA, this trip. "The only thing they do is to wear out some some ditch banks to catch the boll weevil in "These (DSMA and Cotoran) are two chemi­ rubber tires on the planter packer wheels," his early emergence. We have done this for cals to which cotton is tolerant and you can Denton says. "You have to replace these tires the past two or three yea.rs. These are aerial afford to take the chance of getting the mix­ a little more frequently. However, to our sur­ applications on areas our consultant suspects ture up a little higher on cotton without prise, the stalks weren't any problem to the as potential sources of later trouble." harming the plant. After the cotton is up, planter." Denton says the consultant watches closely you can use a little hotter material," Denton The 1970 venture into minimum tillage for plant bugs, "but we usually don't have says. MSMA and Karmex DL are used for the worked out fine and the Dentons have found to do much spraying for them." later directed sprays. it helpful on black soil in succeeding years. OVICIDE REDUCES PROBLEM Sweep cleans middles. In addition to the Denton says yields off the minimum tillage "A little later, our consultant likes to come chemical program, fields usually are walked plantings have been at least as good as yields in With an ovicide, Fundal or Galecron, in a by hoe hands once, primarily to catch some from fields prepared in the standard manner. light dose as a preventive measure against the big weeds and grasses that have escaped the He says it also results in an obvious savings bollworm. And we have had less of a boll­ chemicals and to catch the ever present of money due to fewer trips over the field. worm problem since we started this." vines. The crop is cultivated three or four However, it does have its shortcomings. While the Dentons' two principal insect times with at least one of these, usually the One is compaction and rutting from machin­ pests, the boll weevil and the bollworm, move last, being made with a Chemplow. This has ery and another is the prevalent vine prob­ in during July, the spot spraying and early a wide sweep that destroys vegetation in the lem of the area. light spraying holds the infestations to eco­ middles, providing, in effect, layby control Vines are a problem. "You get a lot of com­ nomically bearable levels until sometime for the middles. paction and rutting in the fields when you during August. "In early August, sometimes Denton says Denwood Plantation has got­ travel the same middles year after year," a little later, we may finally spray the farm," ten away from a layby application of herbi­ Denton says, "and vines are a major prob­ he says. He points out that Denwood Plan­ cides for the past two or three years. "We be­ lem. With minimum tillage, you don't cut tation doesn't usually experience the pres­ lieve we are getting enough chemical in the them back at all. They are out of the ground sure of insect infestations of the intensity soil and it just doesn't seem as necessary for just as soon as it gets warm, and they then that occur to the South of them, in Missis­ us as it once was," he says. When they used become a real headache. sippi and Southeast Arkansas. a layby it was usually Cotoran or Karmex. "If you go through regular land prepara­ The Dentons don't practice a diapause pro­ Denton says tea.weed ls becoming more of a tion, you disk three or four inches and work gram for the simple reason that ithe practice problem for them and Johnsongrass less of the }and with a middle buster or ridge hip­ ls not general in their area. "We used an one. Cotoran, he says, controls the tea.weed per. When you do this, you cut those vines insecticide with our defoliant for a year or somewhat if it is used when the weed is small, back three or four inches and you have a two," he says, "then we became convinced but tea.weed can become a problem as the better chance of avoiding a nearly insur­ tha.t, unless it was done all around us, we season progresses. mountable problem With them later. were wasting our ·money. I wish we did have "We have two fields that haven't been AQUA SOLUTION LIKED AS NITROGEN SOURCE a diapause program for our county, and for ON HEAVY LAND broken since 1970, but it is a mess with ruts our State for that matter." and vines and we are going to have to do Although the Dentons once handled anhy­ something about it next year. We would like TREFLAN IS APPLIED ON 19-INCH BAND JUST drous ammonia as part of their agri-business, to go with more minimum tillage, but for AHEAD OF PLANTER they now prefer to use aqua ammonia in a 32 no longer than two years on a given field. We Control of weeds and grasses begins with percent solution as their nitrogen source. like it and have had quite a bit since 1970. Treflan and Cotoran, both banded a.t the "We went with anhydrous ammonia for If it wasn't for the vine problem, we prob­ time of planting. Trefian is applied on a many years," Denton says, "but you have ably would practice it more." 19-inch band by a sprayer mounted on a some problems with this in black land. You All of Denwood Plantation's cotton is rolling ·cultivator. This incorporates the put the anhydrous down pre-plant. If you planted solid. "Skip-row just hasn't done Trefian ahead of the planter. The cotton fall to get a rain after you put it out, you anything for farmers in this area," Denton seed are then planted and Cotoran sprayed have a trench from end to end in your bed says. "It shows so little benefit that a man is on a 19-inch band immediately behind the from the anhydrous ammonia knives. better off putting that land into another planter. "When aqua ammonia came out at area­ crop, like soybeans." The preferred variety "We cover the entire top of the row with sonably competitive price per acre, we began is Stoneville 213 and the Dentons plant me­ our bands," Denton says. "This gives us a to drift over to it. This is a liquid that can chanically delinted seeds at a rate of between little room to spare when we cultivate. We be handled with small knives and it can be 20 and 25 pounds per acre. These are hill­ will cultivate some up in the edge of the sidedressed on each side of the plant after dropped on about 10 inch centers on 38 inch band. We have tried a narrower band, but we the crop comes up to a stand. You don't have rows. just don't think that gets the job done." any root damage because you are just put­ TRIPLE-TREATED SEED "We don't like to disk Treflan in for cot­ ting it down an inch or an inch and a half. Seed are triple treated: a seed treatment, ton," he adds. "We disk it in for soybeans and You don't have to make the ground penetra­ a fungicide and a systemic insecticide. "We then row the whole thing up broadcast, but tion that you do with anhydrous. All you have planted triple treated seed side by side on cotton we band it. We think that under really want to do is just cover it up so it with seed that didn't have this advantage unfavorable weather conditions, rains and doesn't escape. and we believe this is the way to go," Denton cool weather, you can get some early damage The Dentons are geared up to harvest 1,000 says. on young cotton. When you put those disks acres of cotton, their normal acreage in years The systemic insecticide protects the crop in, you put the Treflan down three to four past, in as short a time as possible. To do during a good part of the thrip season, but inches deep, and you are going to prune off this they have one John Deere and two In­ the Dentons often have to spray again for all the little roots just as deep as it is disked ternational Harvester pickers. thrips. "If you plant in April, as we do, you in." They were among the first to purchase a December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38979 seed cotton handling system and still use the OSHA regulations which could pose a fi­ Church to form the Faith United Metho­ system they bought before the cotton module nancial hazard. Another problem is disposal dist Church. As each of the three con­ builder came on the market. of gin waste, a problem currently solved by piping the waste to a burner near the gin. gregations has served their communities, COTTON CADDY SYSTEM DOES GOOD JOB OF HAN­ so has Faith Church, with a congrega­ DLING SEED COTTON The burner has a 60-foot stack, which effi­ ciently carries the pale smoke high over the tion of over 1,000, played a major role This is the Cotton Caddy system, a tailer surrounding fields. in ministering to the local community as with a removable pallet bottom. The pallet "Some of us who have decent burners and well as taking a res1>0nsible share in the bottom is left at a central storage point with are in isolated areas without high volume wider ministry of the church. its load of seed cotton while the trailer, or gins are being permitted to continue to burn caddy, with an empty pallet bottom, returns I would like to share with my col­ the waste," Denton says. "If we are ever leagues a letter I sent to the senior pas­ to the field. While they see some advantage denied this practice, it could mean $20,000 to the module builder system, such as the to $25,000 to get the proper equipment to tor, Rev. Clark Holt, commemorating the fa.ct that seed cotton is tamped into tighter capture the waste and haul it off, and that church's anniversary: modules, they like their caddy system. is nonproductive money, particularly con­ OCTOBER 31, 1975. "We bought two Cotton Caddies and 50 sidering the short time the gin actually FAITH UNITED METHODIST CHURCH, pallets at least three years ago, before the operates." Dolton, Ill. modules were being made," Denton says. "We Attention: The Reverend Clark Holt. have increased the number of pallets since DENWOOD HAS SOLD ON FORWARD CONTRACT DEAR REVEREND HOLT: So often we search then to 100, which is actually more than we SINCE LATE 1960'S for the opportunity to hear the Word of God need with the current short crop." Denton has sold his cotton on forward from the great men of our times. Too often Easler to concentrate seed cotton. "With contracts since the late 1960's. While he has we overlook the fact that they may be right the Cotton Caddy, you have to have the man­ been caught short by selling ahead like this, in our hometown. These men, such as your­ power to compact it. But once you get it at times he also has gained. self, have been the backbone of congrega­ filled, you hook your tractor onto it and take "I believe we first sold on contract in 1967," tions throughout the world. They have dedi­ it wherever you want to concentrate the seed he says. "And that was the year we made a cated their life to the teachings of the gospel. cotton. We concentrate all of ours together mistake. There was a short crop and the price In these troubled times it is a pleasure to on a high dry place instead of having the went up to 35 or 40 cents after we had sold hear of a church that is commemorating its caddy drive all over the farm. We put it on for 27. But the next vear we sold for 29 125th Anniversary. a field within a quarter of a mile of the gin cents and the price went down to the loan For the pa.st 125 years, Faith United Meth­ yard. level, so we got it all back." He did get caught odist Church has been an important and "When you get to your concentration spot, in 1973, as did countless others, when prices vital part of the community. As the com­ you jack the caddy up with your hydraulic went out of sight in :ate 1973 and early 1974. munity has grown, so too, has the church control system and pull the caddy right out He says he sells his crop on forward con­ grown to fulfill the needs of its congregation. from under the pallet. You leave it there for tract to the same individual each year. "We Through the yea.rs it has provided spiritual storage until you a.re ready to gin and go have a man in Memphis, Tennessee, who we guidance and has served the town faithfully. right back to the field for a new load. know will pay for it and he knows we wlll Its work and acoompllsh.ments are indelibly "When you are ready to gin the cotton, deliver." written not only in the hearts and minds you run the caddy over and get it. Since we 50 cents is brea.keven point. Denton figures of those it has touched, but upon the pages have two caddies, you can go and get a sec­ it costs a little over $200 an acre to produce of the history of its heritage. ond pallet while the first caddy is at the gin." an acre of cotton and harvest it. This doesn't It gives me great pride and pleasure to be It ls much easier to concentrate the seed include land and machinery costs. So he able to have this opportunity to offer my cotton at a central point with the caddy figures he is just a.bout getting his money warmest and sincerest congratulations on system than it is with the module system, back at a price of 45 to 50 cents and a bale your 125th Anniversary. Denton says. "With the module, the full to the a.ere yield, if things go right and he Wishing you and your congregation all of pallets usually are left by the module on a produces the land's potential. life's blessings, I remain, turnrow near where the cotton was picked. "I have seen arguments revolving around Respectfully yours, You have to pome out with something to whether or not you should include land rent MARTIN A. Russo, load it on and then haul it in to the gin. when you own the land," Denton says. "But I Member of Congress. "We got the caddies to take the pressure think you have to. You could be renting that off the ginning of our own cotton and it has land out if you weren't using it and you helped," he says. "It significantly reduced would have that much income coming in. So our dependence on night labor, and it is a it seems to me you have to figure that in just SCHOLARSHIP-ESSAY CONTEST problem to get night labor anymore. Also, like you do fuel and labor, if you a.re trying with the wage and hour law, we have become to figure how you are coming out on return." liable for overtime pay at the gin. Seed cot­ HON. J. WILLIAM STANTON ton storage helps prevent this additional expense at a time when volume is shrinking." OF OHIO SHRINKING VOLUME PUTS SQUEEZE ON CHURCH CELEBRATES 125TH IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES DENTON'S GINNING OPERATION ANNIVERSARY Thursday, December 4, 1975 The Dentons have attempted to keep their gin up to date, but short crops have made Mr. J. WILLIAM STANTON. Mr. this difficult. "The last investment we made HON. l\1ARTIN A. RUSSO Speaker, during the Thanksgiving recess, in our gin was in the early 1960's," Denton OF ILLINOIS it was my personal privilege to partic­ says. "At that time we brought the gin up ipate in a very outstanding public service to date With double lint cleaners and other IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES program in Ashtabula County, in my improvements." Tuesday, November 18, 197 5 congressional district. They have not found it worthwhile in re­ The chief executive officer of the cent years to put any additional investment Mr. RUSSO. Mr. Speaker, the Faith in the gin in the face of a shrinking volume United Methodist Church in Dolton, Ill., Molded Fiber Glass Co's., Mr. Robert S. of business. "We have ginned as much as is celebrating its 125th year of ministry. Morrison, initiated a project with all of 7,200 bales at the gin in a season, but, as What a rich and rewarding heritage this the high schools in Ashtabula County the cotton acreage shrank, we drifted down fine church has. in the form of a scholarship-essay con­ to a.bout 3,500 bales. And last year, and this, Its story dates back to 1849 when sev­ test using the topic, ''What Are Our because of the acreage cutbacks, we may gin eral German-speaking families moved Country's Problems, and What Can 1,500 to 2,000 bales. Cotton in our area this Young People Do To Solve Them?" year was cut back 50 percent below la.st into the Sandridge area 18 miles south of what is now Dolton, Ill. They were fol­ Twenty-two money prizes were given year. to the winning students, topped with a SEED PRICE HELPED SOME lowed by a Methodist circuit rider of the $1,000 scholarship for any type of "We just haven't made much money at German-speaking branch of the Meth­ the gin in recent years. The price of seed odist Episcopal Church. The following advanced education beyond high school. has a lot to do with what a ginner can make year the Sandridge Methodist Episcopal Morrison said at the awards dinner, and the seed were barely paying the cost of Church was formally organized with six November 25: ginning during the latter pa.rt of the 1960's charter members and five probationary We wanted something t~t would en­ and the early 1970's. We did make a moderate members. Thus began a ministry which courage them to think a.bout where the profit in 1973 when the price of seed went country needs to go. The essays submitted up. The seed price was good in both 1973 and has continued uninterrupted to this day. show a high level of student awareness and 1974, but we didn't have any volume so this In 1970 the Sandridge church merged initiative toward our national dlfilcultles. didn't help a great deal.'' with the Dolton United Methodist Their imaginative approach to solutions in­ As a moderate sized ginner, Denton faces Church and the Grace United Methodist creases my faith in the new generation. 38980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 Solutions ranged from grandiose plans noticeably crucial problems that deserve our cost the taxpayers millions of dollars­ immediate attention. and these defaults are increasing every for a third political party, to busing As young Americans, we have to make teachers instead of students. A strong year. our decisions now. But first we have to know Because of my concern, I introduced commonsense ethic underlies the many what these decisions should be. We need to constructive ideas. One student wrote: care about what our beliefs are and what legislation in the 93d and 94th Congress Young people must do their part to help we are going to do with our lives. We need concerning this subject. I am pleased solve the problems facing this nation. That the concern to act now. We need to con­ that the abuses in this program are part may be to show respect for others, do centrate on school studies, to develop skills, finally beginning to be given serious every job assigned with pride, eagerness to do to respect the authority of our laws and consideration by both Congress and the 1t correctly, and to stand by his beliefs. the folkways of our social system. We need media. Remember that the people are the United to be involved in school and community Following is a recent Time magazine States of America. service programs. We need to understand that article on this multimillion-dollar pre­ people are different, and, finally we need to The tally at contest's end showed that respect these differences. · dicament that I would like to bring to the 19 percent of the problems identified by Young people are very fortunate today attention of my colleagues: the students were about the environment, with many excellent opportunities to sup­ STUDENT-LOAN MESS energy conservation, and pollution. port the progressive programs aimed at solv­ Enrique Ponce, a construction laborer Drugs and related problems were sec­ ing current problems. In addition to bene­ from El Puente, Calif., and Michael Ward, a ond with 9 percent, and economic igno­ ficial programs in the schools, there are state resident physician at the University of Cali­ 8 sessions available for students to attend to fornia Hospital in Los Angeles, exemplify rance rated third with percent. A big help develop and create new ideas. Here, two reasons that a federal program to guar­ middle group included lack of confidence the students participate in programs and antee loans to needy students is in deep in government, family communications, discussions on drug abuse, riots, and other trouble. Ponce borrowed $1,500 from a trade violence, crime, apathy, education, problems resulting firom irresponsible liv­ school that offered to teach him to become a health alcoholism, prejudice, and sexual ing. certainly we have every educational ad­ TV repairman, but dropped out after two behavi~r. The final group included vantage in preparing ourselves to cope With weeks because he found the courses too diffi­ boredom, poverty, welfare, future shock, the problems of our social system. cult. The school by then had already sold the the court systems, and the elderly. I believe there is a magic word-respect. loan to a credit union, which is now trying to If we want to be respected, we must earn collect the $1,500 from the Government. Dr. The solutions offered to these problems thwt right. As young and eager people, we Ward and his wife Cheryl, a lawyer, declared included a heavy dose of career plan­ want to be admired, to be respected. One themselves bankrupt at the start of their ning and cooperation with existing re­ step towards earning respect is for each of careers and thus unable to repay $32,000 in sources. However, there also were many us to develop the ability to respect all student loans, so the Government was stuck unique suggestions made. One student people, especially those With viewpoints dif­ with that bill too. said: ferent from our own. It is easy to ,respect Neither experience is uncommon. Under America ls great because greatness lies in and listen to our parents and friends; how­ the Federally Insured Student Loan (FISL) being able to change when necessary. ever, it is admirable to listen to people program, the Government since 1965 has whose social standing is different, whose re­ directly guaranteed repayment of almost $4 The top five winners and their prizes ligion is different, and whose color of skin is billion in loans made to students by banks are: different from our own. or other lenders---often schools themselves. First place: Pattie Newsome, Edgewood As we mature, as we grow in understanding All students attending institutions approved High, Ashtabula, Ohio, $1,000. our relationships to one another, as we be­ by the program are eligible for loans. Stu­ come more competent in fulfilling our re­ dents are charged no more than 7% annual Second place: Lois J. Stoops, Edge­ sponsibilities to ourselves and our society, interest; the Government pays as much as wood High, Ashtabula, Ohio, $500. we then become responsible, successful citi­ 3 % more to make the interest rate competi­ Third place: Sam Ashman, Conneaut zens, with the special skill to · stand up and tive with that of other kinds of loans. Re­ High, Conneaut, Ohio, $350. be counted. payment begins nine months after a stu­ Fourth place: Alice Shadle, Pymatun­ So far I find I have taken my life and my dent's graduation. ing Valley High, Andover, Ohio, $150. advantages for granted. My mother and fath­ Default Rate.-In addition, the Govern­ Fifth place: Nancy Jamison, Geneva er have given me a sense of security and ment has reinsured student loans of about well-being. In addition to providing my ma­ $4.9 billion guaranteed by 25 states, the Dis­ High, Geneva, Ohio, $75. terial needs, they have inspired me to form trict of Columbia and one private nonprofit Mr. Speaker, I include the first place moral and spiritual values. Now, as an ado­ agency; Washington reimburses the states winning essay written by Miss Pattie lescent I realize I must work for things which for 80 % of any money they lose paying oft' Newsome of the 11th grade, Edgewood at one time seemed so effortless. I am at a defaulted loans. To date, the Government High School in Ashtabula, Ohio. very important period in my life, where, if has lost nearly $400 million on the two pro­ CHOICES, DECISIONS, AND VALUES I am to reach my potential, I must make grams; states have apparently lost almost $47 million more. And the losses are mount­ (By Pattie Newsome) important decisions, set values, reach goals, and accept all the responsibilities which ing; this yeair the default rate on student Ice cream cones or barbiturates? Walking should be mine. loans guaranteed by Washington is running in the park or rioting in the streets? Accept­ Each pattern of life must be shaped by at a startling 19 % . ing responsibility or living irresponsibly? the individual. I must develop my charac­ Why? According to testimony taken by Each American makes his choice. Ice cream ter, my set of values. I must respect myself the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on In­ cones--soft, mellow, cool and refreshing. Bar­ before I respect others. I must dedicate vestigations, about half of last year's losses biturates--a dull memory, cramps, dizziness, myself to service. All around America there involved specialized or technical schools, convulsions, malfunctions of the brain, vis­ are young people who have said, "I can help." most of them privately owned and operated ual hallucinations, or sometimes a sudden We have proven to ourselves and to the for profit. Such schools have burgeoned since and painful death. Walking in the park­ world that we are ready to meet challenges FISL began, in large part because the Office watching the children play, hearing the and make decisions. We are ready to assume of Education of the Department of Health, birds chirp, feeling a gentle breeze. Rioting our American citizenship. We Will hold our Education and Welfare, which administers in the streets--throwing rocks, inviting vio­ tomorrows and set good examples not only FISL, has allowed many of them to lend to lence, getting knifed, :':landcuffed, or even for our peers, but also for our families now their students directly. Although many of thrown behind bars. Accepting responsibil­ and for generations to follow. People are will­ these "proprietary" schools do a valuable job i ty--getting a meaningful education, becom­ ing to listen to us, for we are the future. of educating, others victimize both their stu­ ing dependable, respecting others and their dents and the Government. In too many rights, learning to pay one's way through cases, a high-pressure salesman working on life with work and service. Living irrespon­ STUDENT-LOAN MESS a commission basis recruits students from sibly-abusing one's rights as a free citizen, low-income backgrounds by offering career­ ignoring goals or permanent values, acting improving courses to be financed by federally on impulse, drifting through the school HON. ALPHONZO BELL guaranteed loans. Many of the students routine, controlled by the crowd or the OF CALIFORNIA quickly drop out, but the school neglects "kicks" of the moment. to inform anyone that they have left. The As we all know, there are many problems IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dropouts, of course, do not feel obliged to in the world today. There is no possible way Thursday, December 4, 1975 pay for an education they never received, to deny this fact. Infiation, poverty, abor­ so the Government is left to pay the school tions, pollution, and alcoholism are just a Mr. BELL. Mr. Speaker, during recent or an institution that has bought the loan. few of our problems. But I believe the worst years, I have been extremely concerned "It's a field day for foxes," says Richard Gib­ issues in the world are drugs, riots and people about the amount of money taxpayers bons of the Federal Trade Commission. Last who live irresponsibly. This group certainly spend relative to defaults in the student year the default rate on student loans made includes the adolescents who fall to develop loan program run by the Federal Gov­ by privately owned schools was a shocking constructive choices. These, to me, are the ernment. The sum of such defaults has 46.3%. December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38981 One case: Los Angeles-based West Coast tee has been conducting extensive hear­ cumstances may be such as to require that Schools recruited mostly black and Chicano ings on proposals for a national health rail and other forms of transportation may students-"because that's where the gravy insurance program. Recently, a constit­ have to be supplied by government, because is," as President Fred Peters told his ex­ the private sector is no longer able to sus­ wife, according to subcommittee testimony. uent of mine, Rev. Paul A. Woelfl, S.J., tain the costs, provide the quality of serv­ It then sold nearly $5.4 million in federal came to Washington in order to testify ices and evenly distribute the resources. insured loans to financial institutions for at these hearings. These were the very reasons which, in an­ cash, leaving the institutions to dun drop­ Reverend Woelfl is a professor of polit­ other day and in different contexts, justified outs like Ponce for the money or collect ical science at John Carroll University in the creation of a free, public school system. from the Government. The Senators heard Cleveland and spoke in behalf of the They are the reasons which, we maintain, testimony that at least $312,000 of the justify the present demand for a national, Cleveland Committee for National public, free health delivery system. school's money found its way into Peters' Health Insurance. I commend his personal accounts. W.C.S. folded in 1973. To standardize quality and costs, and to Peters was excused from testifying because thoughtful testimony to your attention: equitably distribute the burdens, a health of 111 health. His lawyer told TIME that Peters TESTIMONY RE NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE program has to be nation-wide for the same feels "he is a victim of a gigantic bureauc­ (By Rev. Paul A. Woelfl, S.J.) reasons that roads and currency have to be racy." national. My name is Fr. Paul Woelfl. I am a. pro­ Since only the national government has Another 5 % of the losses are caused by fessor of political science at John Carroll students who, like Dr. Ward, declare bank­ the capacity to administer a uniform and University in Cleveland. I am here represent­ coordinated program, the federal government ruptcy shortly after finishing their educa­ ing the Cleveland Committee for National tion. In most cases the bankruptcies are must supply the 1nachinery and the means. Health Insurance, a coalition of labor, com­ Because of the peculiar nature of health quite legal: a recent graduate may have very munity action and citizen organizations. high future earning potential, but his assets and its problems,-because some people need I can say that I speak for a substantial num­ more than others, and because the element immediately after leaving school may well ber of people in the Cleveland area. total less than the student loan and other of choice is practically absent (since one can Mr. Chairman, I am very gr:ateful for this hardly decide to buy only $6.89 worth of debts, thus fulfilling the legal requirements opportunity to urge passage of the Health for bankruptcy. Though the bankruptcy surgery because that is all he can afford), Security Act (H.R. 21), because it appears and because so accidental and unpredictable problem is small compared with the one rep­ to the people I represent that this is the a thing as health should not introduce an resented by privately owned schools, it is only proposal you have before you which arbitrary difference in the cost of life,-there growing. In California, Federal Bankruptcy makes sense and satisfies the needs. ought to be a way of removing the discrimi­ Judge Robert Hughes estimates that as many People wonder how a government which nating and inhibiting element; namely, the as 20 % of all personal bankruptcy claims was founded to "promote the general welfare" graduated fee-for-service cost system which are filed by student borrowers. could have neglected for almost two hundred now dominates the system. We should treat Many defaults, of course, come about be­ years to see the necessary connection between health like taxes-as something we pay pro­ cause, at a time of high unemployment, new good heal th and all the other blessings de­ portionate to our means, and whose benefits graduates either cannot find jobs or earn sired for the community~ontentment , pros­ we share according to our needs and circum­ too little to pay off their loans. Still, the perity, peace, productivity, security and just stances. default rate obviously indicates lax Govern­ plain happiness. They have reasonably as­ Not too many months ago, Mr. Chairman, ment administration of FISL. John J . Walsh, sumed that a government forbidden to de­ the Administration acknowledged the exist­ an investigator for the subcommittee, re­ prive them of "life, liberty and property with­ ence of a health delivery crisis. I suspect that ported to the Senators that he found files out due process" should be equally prepared you have been deluged with data to under­ on student loans strewn all over some HEW to promote life, liberty and property with due score that fact. I have no intention of adding regional offices. HEW officials told the Sena­ process. They base this assumption on the to that volume. Nor do I think it is necessary. tors that they have not kept track of the fact that life is not a privilege granted by As health consumers we all know from our total number of loans outstanding, much less government; and therefore neither is health. own experience that we cannot afford to get the amount of insured loans at any one Both are na.tural endowments, or rights, sick beyond the limits of our insurance pol­ school, or whether any particular student which ought to be cherished, protected and icies. But who can control that matter? We borrower is still in class. safeguarded by government. Neither life nor are all threatened by the unpredictables. We HEW now is belatedly tightening up. It has health have any value for the society unless never know how much care we are going to charged nine schools with violations of loan­ they are relatively vigorous and satis!ac­ need; how much it is going to cost us; how program rules, begun testing in California torlly productive. adequate our insurance will be when we need a computerized system of monitoring the Though I certainly do not mean to imply it; and how successful the professional serv­ status of loans, added 70 new field investi­ that the infirm and disabled contribute ice will be. No doctor, surgeon or hospital gators, and established a staff of eleven peo­ nothing to the overall good of the society, can guarantee that the commodity we are ple to keep a close eye on lenders who have I do say that sickness, suffering and dis­ buying will be delivered. outrageous default records. In addition, sev­ ability, in their varying intensities, strain People are entitled to the peace of mind eral bills before Congress would forbid stu­ the capacity for the good life and diminish which comes from reasonable security. To­ dents to declare bankruptcy shortly after the potential for the common good. Chronic da.y the price of such security purchasable graduation simply because their student illness has al ways been the most common through the private insurance system is far loans exceed their assets. The Nunn subcom­ cause of poverty, and sickness is ·the number beyond the reach of all but the very wealthy mittee is expected to recommend prohibiting one reason for absenteeism in the school and who really do not need insurance. The poor, many schools from making Government­ on the job. It is as difficult to call a sickly elderly, and worker fortunate enough to guaranteed student loans and making it a life a good life as it is to call a life of crime have a steady job gets partial coverage of federal crime for a school to falsify data to or a life of ignorance or a life of abject pov­ his health needs through Medicaid, Medi­ obtain grants and loans, or to divert such erty a good li!e. None of them are life as it care and group insurance; but they are not funds for personal use. should be. secure nor are they in any position to buy The efforts come none too soon. Says How­ Yet, Mr. Chairman, it is rather disquieting real security under the present system. ward Feldman, chief counsel of the subcom­ to reflect how logically and realistically gov­ Moreover, since health is a life-time mittee: "Unless we reform the program, con­ ernment has approached the maladies of condition, we need a delivery system which servatives, liberals, everyone is going to take crime and illiteracy, and how illogically and, ls more concerned with keeping us well a look at that half-billion-dollar default and if I may say so, insensitively it has dealt with than with merely curing our illnesses. We say, 'Let's get rid of the whole goddam pro­ the more basic requirement of health. want a system which we can use to the full gram!'" That would be a tragedy for needy It has never been difficult to see that pro­ extent when we need it, without fear of and well-intentioned students-still the tection against crime-and analogously pro­ encumbering the other members of our fam­ great majority-who fully intend to repay tection against fire and various other calami­ ily. We want a program that does not dis­ their loans, and for the society that needs ties~annot be placed on an open, competi­ criminate, exploit and dehumanize. their educated skills. tive market for voluntary purchase at a price; Mr. Chairman, I would think that these for some would buy it, others would not. desires are generally shared by everyone. At Some would settle for less protection than the same time, I hope that I am sophis­ NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE they need. Some would refuse to purchase ticated enough to know that to have ideals police protection and the like. Therefore, is one thing and to accomplish them is the public has made police and fire protec­ something else. The question you have been HON. CHARLES A. VANIK tion available to all as a public service paid wrestling w1 th all too long is whether a full­ OF OHIO for in cominon, whether the individual ever scale national health program is feasible or has occasion to use them or not. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES not. I sublnit that, if health care is the right For silnilar reasons, governments (fed­ which I assume it is, and if good health is as Thursday, December 4, 1975 eral, state, and local) have provided public essential to the nation as you know it is, Mr. VANIK. Mr. Speaker, as many of roads and highways, public parks and 11- you have little choice. Sooner or later, braries-all free of charge and supported at whether piece-meal or otherwise, you must us know, the Subcommittee on Health large. I might go on to remind you that eventually come to a comprehensive, free, of the House Ways and Means Commit­ there are many today who suggest that cir- public, national health delivery system. CXXI--2455-Pa.rt 30 38982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 As I see it, there are three possible routes Again, I am grateful for your attention training at home." Ballet Arts, Inc., was to follow. You can deal with health care and will try to answer any questions my reorganized in January 1962, as Tulsa as you have dealt with roads, police, fire comments may have prompted. Civic Ballet, Inc. For the second consecu­ and to a large extent, education. You can tive time, Tulsa Civic Ballet has been preempt the business. Own and operate the named a major company, one of only four facilities. Thoroughly socialize the system. in the entire Nation so honored for This is the route that a number of coun­ TULSA HONORS ROMAN JASINSKI 1975-76. tries have gone--some with more success AND MOSCELYNE LARKIN than others. Most Americans, I suspect, The Jasinskis are well known in the would prefer not to go this radical route, ballet world for their prodigious memo­ if they can avoid it. HON. JAMES R. JONES ries and knowledge of ballets. Together or secondly, you can underwrite exten­ OF OKLAHOMA they bring more than a half-century of sions of the present system; buy insur~~ce IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES training and experience to Tulsa Civic for those who cannot afford it; subs1d1ze Ballet, which now has a repertoire of over private institutions; furnish incentives to Thursday, December 4, 1975 40 ballets, many of them originals, the providers; and let it go at that. You have Mr. JONES of Oklahoma, Mr. Speaker, choreographed by Mr. Jasinski. Their already done this with Medicare and Medi­ caid. Most of the proposals you have before on Sunday, December 7, 1975, the Tulsa Tulsa School of Ballet is recognized as you are conceived along these lines. All of Civic Ballet will honor Roman Jasinski one of the outstanding schools in the them can be criticized as being no real and Moscelyne Larkin with a testimonial country. Both Jascha and Moussia, as solution to the problem. They provide no dinner. It is with great pleasure that I those who know them well call them, are costs-controls, leave millions unprovided will take part in honoring these unusual­ in demand as teachers, lecturers, and for do little to improve quality, and con­ ly talented and dedicated couple. choreographer-directors for ballet com­ tin~e the burdens of deductibles, co-pay­ The cultural life of Tulsa took a great panies and schools throughout America. ments and limited benefits. We urge you leap forward when internationally fa­ Mr. Jasinski has choreographed for Tulsa not to give us more of this. There is, however, still another route mous ballet dancers Roman Jasinski and Opera, and TCB dancers have appeared which could be described as a middle-way; Moscelyne Larkin decided to settle in many times in concerts with the Tulsa an approach which, on the one hand, avoids Tulsa to raise their son and rechannel Philharmonic Orchestra. Miss Larkin, taking over 'all the providers; yet, on the their energies, talents, and the direction through her association with the Tulsa other hand, coordinates them and r.egulaltes of their lives from that of performing Public Schools as part of title II: Desti­ them so that they acquire a public char­ artists to that of teachers, choreogra­ nation Discovery, inspired increased de­ acter. There is a way of superimposing a phers, and artistic directors. velopment of dance programs in the governmental policy and a governmental Roman Jasinski was an honor graduate superstructure on private enterprises with­ Tulsa school system. Dancers have gone out destroying them. The Federal Reserve of the ballet school of his native Warsaw, on from the rigorous professional disci­ System has done this; NASA and National Poland. He appeared with the Ida Ru­ pline of the Tulsa Civic Ballet to positions Institutes of Health have done it. Almost benstein Ballet in Paris, then with of prominence in ballet companies here all medical research is already supported Leonide Massine at Milan's La Scala, and and abroad. and controlled by government. We would was premier danseur with the George I would like to share with you a thought not get more or better research at lower Ballanchine Co. in Paris. He was the written by Roman Jasinski and Mosce­ costs by removing government from this favorite partner of the world's greatest lyne Larkin. area. The laboratories involved in these pro­ grams have not lost their private, competi- ballerinas, among them Alicia Markova, At a time in space and place when ugliness Tamara Toumanov·a, and Alexandra and the sordid seem to prevail in so much of tive character. H.R. 21 proposes to go this route; to make Dnilova. Choregraphers Fokine, Bal­ our lives, it gives us inspiration and strength use of the already existing health delivery lanchine, Massine, and Niginska created of purpose to know that ballet is a part of personnel and facilities; to encourage their leading parts for him in many of their the creative force of beauty which lives in the ambLtions and subsidize their efforts. It ballets. human spirit and which survives over all else. would create the machinery for coordinating Moscelyne Larkin, born in Miami, Tulsa and the dance owe the Jasinskis the work of professionals, institutions and Okla., of a Russian mother and an Amer­ a rather large debt. Their creative talent industries. It would effectively eliminate ican Indian father, received her early wasted effort, duplication and inefficiency. has been a moving force in our com­ And at the same time, it would give every­ dance training from her mother, Eva munity and I salute and congratulate one the best possible quaUty of care as one Matlogova. She then studied under Mord­ them on their many accomplishments. of their civil rights. lin, Vilzak-Shalla, Celli, and other great The crucial question of whether we can teachers, before touring Europe, South afford this program is, as others have noted, America, and the United States with the really a "non-issue." We are already spend­ original Ballet Russe. In 1949 she joined ANOTHER FATUOUS U.N. ACTION ing $104 billion or an average of $496 per the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo and person or $1,984 per family of four for health danced leading roles until 1952 when she care. The rtrouble, of course, is that not every­ one is paying that share and not everyone and Roman Jasinski were chosen by HON. ANTONIO BORJA WON PAT is getting the equivalent service. Serge Denham to head the Ballet Russe OF GUAM Government is already the largest health de Monte Carlo Concert Co. This group IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES care spender. It buys about thirty-four per­ toured the United States and Canada for Thursday, December 4, 1975 cent of all the health services at a market 3 years, and its success under the Jai?in­ price which is inflated and which continues skis was such that dance groups are still Mr. WON PAT. Mr. Speaker, there is to escalate alt an inordinate rate. Govern­ being patterned after it. ever-growing fear and concern through­ ment's willingness to pay the providers their Tulsa Civic Ballet, for which the out the World about the future and effec­ inflated prices affected the insurance rates Jasinskis are the artistic directors, began tiveness of the United Nations in light and out-of-pocket costs of the consumer. as an informal organization in Deeember of recent trends to convert that orga­ Mr. Chairman, the ordinary individual will nization into an instrument to further pay what he has to pay to stay alive. He really 1956, when Moscelyne Larkin and Roman has no choice. In a true sense, no amount of Jasinski presented a program at Temple the international political ideologies and money value can be placed on health. Yet it Israel as· a bonus attraction of the celeb­ goals of certain movements with total does not make sense to purchase life or rity series of the Tulsa Jewish Com­ disregard to the basic principles of the health at a cost of going so deeply in debt munity Council. The following year the United Nations. as to mortgage the future. And this happens Tulsa Pilot Club sponsored a benefit per­ I have been a supporter of the United all too often. formance, and the Pilot Club continued Nations since its inception, hoping it The public wants better heal·th care at a to sponsor ballet for 8 years. In the would accomplish many of the high price it can afford. If a national referendum meantime, a nonprofit corporation, Ballet ideals to which it was dedicated and be could be held to assess its will, I am sure an effective global force promoting peace that the choice would be overwhelmingly in Arts, Inc., was formed "to give profes­ favor of H.R. 21. As representaltives of the sional performances and to off er young and the betterment of mankind. people it is your responsibility to consider dancers of Tulsa and the surrounding Unhappily, today I bring to your at­ their wishes and try to make them a reality. area the opportunity to get their ballet tention yet another action of the United December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38983 Nations which adds to the doubts over­ representatives of the people, to continue to To "deplore" U.S. military installa­ shadowing the UN's future. take all the necessary steps to ensure the full tions on Guam is fatuous. Guam has and speedy attainment of the goals set forth On November 21, the General Assem­ in the declaration with respect to the ter­ served as the most western bulwark of bly's Colonialism Committee voted 103 ritories; the U.S. defense in the Pacific Ocean to 1, with 16 abstentions and 23 absen­ 5. Strongly deprecates the establishment for many years. As U.S. citizens, its tees, for a resolution calling for inde­ of military installations on Guam as being people are extremely proud to be the pendence for American Samoa, Guam, incompatible with the purposes and prin­ showcase of U.S. democracy on the pe­ and the United States Virgin Islands ciples of the chapter of the United Nations riphery of Asia. Their rights and citizen­ and deploring the policy of the "admin­ and of general assembly resolution 1514 ship are the envy of many neighboring (XV); istering power"-the United States-in 6. Calls upon the administering power to countries in its part of the world. They continuing to maintain military installa­ take all possible steps to diversify the econ­ are equally proud to be an important part tions on Guam. omies of the territories listed above and to of the defense of their country and, in For the information of my colleagues. work out concrete programmes of assistance fact, welcome assuming an even more the resolution text follows: and economic development for those terri­ active role. The General Assembly: tories; It is equally fallacious to characterize Having considered. the question of Ameri­ 7. Calls upon the administering power to the Federal Government as an "adminis­ can Samoa, Guam and rthe Unirted States reconsider its attitude towards receiving tering power" of Guam any more than Virgin Islands. United Nations visiting missions and to per­ it is of California, Nebraska, or any of - Having examined the relevant chapters of mit access by such missions to the territories concerned; the other 50 States. the report of the special committee on the If the supporters of this resolution are situation with regard to the implementation 8. Urges the administering power, with of the declaration on the granting of inde­ the co-operation of the governments of the truly interested in "the inalienable rights pendence to colonial countries and peoples, territories concerned, to safeguard the in­ of the people" of Guam "to self-deter­ (1) alienable right of the peoples of those ter­ mination" they would accept that the ritories to the enjoyment of their natural re­ people of Guam have overwhelmingly in­ Recalling its resolution 1514 (XV) of 14 sources by taking effective measures which December 1960, containing the declaration on guarantee the rights of the peoples to own dicated their desires many times, directly the granting of independence to colonial and dispose of those natural resources and to and indirectly, but at all times freely. countries and peoples, and all other resolu­ establish and maintain control of their fu­ To contend Guam requires "the con­ tions and decisions of the United Nations ture development; tinued attention and assistance of the relating to the territories listed above, in 9. Requests the administering power to United Nations" in the achievement by particular its resolutions 3289 (X.XIX) and continue to enlist the assistance of the spe­ its people of their aspirations is, to say 3290 (X.XIX) of 13 December 1974, cialized agencies and the organizations with­ Taking into account the statements of the the least, arrogant. The people of Guam in the United Nations system in accelerating enjoy a level of self-determination and administering power relating to develop­ progress in all sectors of the national life of ments in those territories, (2) those territories; participation in representative, demo­ Conscious of the need to accelerate prog­ 10. Requests the special committee to con­ cratic government far beyond that of ress towards the full implementation of the tinue to seek the best ways and means for millions of residents of many countries declaration with respect to the territories the implementation of the declaration with endorsing this resolution. listed above, respect to American Samoa, Guam and the I have personally appeared before this Deploring the policy of the administering United States, Virgin Islands, including the United Nations committee to attest to power in continuing to maintain military possible dispatch of visiting missions in con­ the political, economic, and social con­ installations on Guam. sultation with the administering power, and Bearing in mind the constructive results to report to the general assembly at its ditions of Guam. As everywhere, Guam achieved as a consequence of previous visit­ thirty-first session on the implementation does have its problems. However, a lack ing missions to colonial territories and reit­ of the present resolution. of basic human freedoms is certainly not erating its conviction that the dispatch of one of them. I can only assume my state­ such visiting missions is essential for secur­ Mr. Speaker, I note actions such as ments did not coincide with what many ing adequate and first-hand information in this with great dismay. They represent delegates wanted to hear and thus were regard to the conditions prevailing in those intentional distortions of truth and dis­ disregarded. territories and to the views, wishes and as­ regard for realities to foster dissension It is this frequent and obvious dis­ pirations of the peoples therein with respect and some inapplicable, hazy concepts. regard of reality to pursue fatuous posi­ to their future status, Representatives of the people of the Mindful that the territories listed above tions and policies that causes me to have require the continued attention and assist­ Virgin Islands and Samoa can best ex­ grave forebodings for the future of the ance of the United Nations in the achieve­ press the sentiments of their constitu­ entire United Nations. I urge my col­ ment by their peoples of the objectives em­ ents. For me, as the congressional repre­ leagues to join me in resisting this dero­ bodied in the charter of the United Nations sentative of the people of Guam, I con­ gation of the United Nations and its and in the declaration on the granting of sider the sponsors and supporters of this ideals. independence to colonial countries and peo­ resolution as, at best, ignorant and per­ For their information, the U.N. Colo­ ples. petrators of false ideas. Aware of the special circumstances of the nialism Committee delegates of the fol­ The resolution implies Guam is a so­ lowing nations voted for the November geographical location and economic condi­ ciety closed off from the rest of the world tions of the territories, ~nd stressing the ne­ 21 resolution: cessity of diversifying their economies as a and controlled by a malevolent totali­ Afghanistan, Algeria, Argentina, matter of priority, in order to reduce their tarianism similar to the governments of Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bar­ dependence on fluctuating economic activi­ several of the countries which voted for bados, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Bul­ ties. the resolution. In reality, Guam is a garia, Burma, Byelorussian SSR, Canada, 1. Approves the chapters of the report of cross-roads of the Pacific Ocean open to Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Cuba, the special committee on the situation with visitors from all parts of the world. To Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Dahomey, regard to the implementation of the declara­ sample the sentiments and desires of the Democratic Yemen, Ecuador, Egypt, El tion on the granting of independence to co­ people of Guam, all any of these dele­ lonial countries and peoples relating to Salvador, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, Gabon, American Samoa, Guam and the United gates need to do is join the many thou­ German Democratic Republic, Ghana, States Virgin Islands; (3) sands of individuals from all parts of the Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea­ 2. Reaffirms the inalienable right of the world who throng to our island regularly. Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, peoples of those territories to self-determina­ The term "colonial" is totally inappro­ Iceland, India, Indonesia, tion and independence in accordance with priate when referring to Guam. The peo­ Iran, Iraq, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Jor­ the declaration on the granting of independ­ ple of Guam are U.S. citizens, enjoying dan, Kenya, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, ence to colonial countries and peoples; the full protection of the U.S. Constitu­ Lesotho, Libyan Arab Republic, Mada­ 3. Reaffirms its conviction that the ques­ tion. tion of territorial size, geographical location gascar, Malaysia, Mali, Mauritius, Mex­ and limited resources should in no way de­ The people of Guam have freely and ico, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, lay the implementation of the declaration often expressed their desires to remain Nepal, Nicaragua, Norway, Oman, Paki- with respect to the territories concerned; an integral part of the United States. stan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Para­ 4. Calls upon the government of the United Guamanians voluntarily serve in the guay, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, States of America, as the administering U.S. armed servlces at a rate more than Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, power, in consultation with the freely elected six times the national average. Singapore, Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka, 38984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Syrian Arab lems of budgeting; however, the ultimate and subject to different non-Jewish regimes question of fiscal responsibility remains and States, whose policies change from day Republic, Thailand, Togo, to day and where anti-Semitism may flour­ Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, undecided. The budget resolution re­ ish from time to time? The Zionist answer Uganda, Ukraine SSR, USSR, United cently passed by the House and the Sen­ is: No! The Jewish people can continue to Arab Emirates, United Republic of ate makes provision for a massive budget exist only if it has an independent State in Cameroon, United Republic of Tanzania, deficit. It seems increasingly difficult for its one and only Homeland, the Land of Upper Volta, Uruguay, Venezuela, politicians to make the necessary deci­ Israel. There is nothing more to add to that Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia. sions regarding priorities and programs; basic definition of Zionism: Jewish inde­ however, the dilemma of perennially un­ pendence in the Land of Israel. Anyone who balanced budgets will persist until such agrees th.at such a State should exist is a Zionist; anyone who opposes it is a non­ time as the issues of spending priorities Zionist. Anyone who thinks that this State BALANCED BUDGET HEARINGS and program reevaluation are addressed. should be destroyed is an anti-Zionist. At the end of the 19th century and Zionism does not define what kind of State at the beginning of this century, a grass­ the Jews should have, whether a democratic HON. GOODLOE E. BYRON roots movement culminated in the pas­ or a Communist one, governed by a Presi­ OF MARYLAND sage of the fiscal measures now public dent or a Prime Minister, with an agricul­ law in most States. The purpose of the tural or an industrial economy, and so on. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES All that Zionism requires is a Jewish State Thursday, December 4, 1975 Ad Hoc Committee on the Balanced in the Land of Israel. Zionism does not de­ Federal Budget of the Democratic Re­ fine the borders of it, whether it should Mr. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, today un­ search Organization is to join with all include this v1llage or that. Zionism is only der the auspices of the Balanced Federal those interested parties in organizing the demand for the existence of the Jewish Budget Committee of the Democratic grassroots effort to pass similar Fed­ State in the Land of Israel. All other ques­ Research Organization, hearings are be­ eral budget restrictions. I believe that tions, the policy, economy and borders of ing held on proposed constitutional. such support exists; it is simply a mat­ that State, are subject to discussion and dis­ amendments to require a balanced fed­ ter of channeling that support into ef­ pute-between those who agree that it should exist. Those who oppose Zionism, and eral budget. fective political channels. therefore also the existence of the Jewish The witnesses to appear before the ad State, care very little for its policies, or even hoc committee have maintained a long its borders. standing interest in the subject of a con­ The dividing line is, therefore, completely stitutional amendment requiring a bal­ WHAT IS ZIONISM? clear: Anyone who opposes Zionism is de­ anced budget. The Honorable William S. manding the destruction of the Jewish State James testified today as he did earlier in the Land of Israel, and declaring that the this year before the Subcommittee on HON. CLARENCE D. LONG Jewish people should not have a State at an, Constitutional Amendments of the Sen­ OF MARYLAND anywhere, regardless of any problem of bor­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES ders or of its policies. The fight against Zion­ ate Judiciary Committee. Mr. James was ism is a very thin disguise of the demand president of the Maryland Senate before Thursday, December 4, 1975 to destroy the Jewish State and the Jewish attaining his present position as Treas­ Mr. LONG of Maryland. Mr. Speaker, people. urer of the State of Maryland. His prior a thoughtful article entitled "What Is legislative experience and his present Zionism?" recently was brought to my position provide a unique background attention by the highly respected Balti­ RHODESIA MARKS lOTH from which to judge the need for this more City Councilman, Allen B. Spector. ANNIVERSARY legislation. This excellent piece, written by Prof. Leading a nationwide effort to garner Joseph Dan of the Hebrew University support at the State level for the bal­ of Jerusalem, sees the United Nations' HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK anced budget constitutional amendment, resolution equating Zionism with racism OF OHIO Maryland State Senator James Clark, as an attempt to strike a blow at the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Jr. was the third witness. Senator Clark heart of the Jewish religion. On two oc­ Thursday, December 4, _1975 has been instrumental in bringing the casions I have spoken out in the House budget resolution to the attention of to condemn this demagogic resolution, Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, on No­ state officials and representatives and I insert Professor Dan's comments to vember 11 Rhodesia celebrated its 10th throughout the United States. As a re­ my own statements on the question: year of independence. The leaders and sult of his efforts, resolutions of support people of that nation have reason to be WHAT Is ZIONISM? for the balanced budget concept have proud, for Rhodesia has achieved this been passed by the Annual Convention Once a wo,rd becomes linked with other words often enough, it loses its original milestone against great odds. of the National Association of State Au­ meaning because the sense of every word I had the opportunity to visit Rhodesia ditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers; the in any language is decided by the context as part of a fact-finding mission only a Southern Legislative Conference of the in which it appears, not by some definition few weeks after it had declared its inde­ Council of State Governments; and the in a dictionary. This plain fact is known pendence. I was impressed with what I National Conference of State Legisla­ very well to Arab and Communist propagan­ saw there. Unfortunately the average tors. dists, and their insistent linkage between American has never been given a true Constitutional amendments on bal­ Zionism and evil-sounding words like racism, picture of Rhodesia. colonialism and aggression is e·vidence of anced budgets have been introduced by their design to fight the Jewish people every­ Upon returning from my trip I stated many Members of Congress with many where; otherwise they would have attacked on the House floor in March of 1966 that cosponsors. These bills, although dif­ only the State of Israel, but their onslaught the Smith regime is secure. I also said ferent in their details, all express the on Zionism is int ended to malign Jews in that the Rhodesian people are independ­ same general requirement--that the ap­ all countries. This is a very effective tech­ ent and they have the fortitude to remain propriations made by the United States nique of propaganda, because it automatical­ independent. Despite great pressures ex­ shall not exceed its revenues except in ly puts every Zionist on the defensive; he erted on the Rhodesian nation, these time of war or national emergency. has to explain why Zionism is not racist, or not colonialistic, or not aggressive, which is statements have held true. In the States, the balanced budget much more complicated than the simple In particular, Rhodesia has withstood concept is hardly new. About 60 years name-calling, and has much less impact. a decade of economic sanctions. These ago Maryland concluded that its repre­ Some recent international forums have sanctions were imposed by the United sentative body needed fiscal discipline to adopted this tactic, and we are going to ex­ Nations on the totally ludicrous grounds conduct State affairs in a financially perience it again and again. It is necessary, that Rhodesia constituted a threat to responsible manner. The result was a therefore, to return to fundamental facts, world peace. But then, one can hardly constitutional amendment in 1916 re­ and to use a self-evident, clear and unam­ expect common sense to prevail in the quiring that Maryland's budgets be bal­ biguous definition of Zionism. This is not difficult, because Zionism does not have an United Nations. anced. At least 38 states have similar intricate ideology; it is a simple answer to After a decade of trying to force constitutional or binding legal require­ a simple quest.ion. Rhodesia out of existence, it is time to ments regarding a balanced budget. The question that Zionism asks is this: adopt a more realistic policy. If the The Congress has made major im­ Can the Jewish people exist when all its United Nations is still unwilling to cor­ provements in its approach to the prob- communities are scattered around the world, rect this mistake, the United States December 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38985 should on its own completely terminate harvested and sold. The people, and the to our present greatness has not been its support for the economic sanctions. republic, survive. smooth; that we have endured aberrations How much folly is folly enough? When will in our pursuit of democracy, and most im­ Following is an excellent editorial on the United States have a bellyful of this portant that it has been the voices of dissent Rhodesia and the United Nati·ons by col­ nonsense? Our fawning deference to Great and cross-examination that gave us back our umnist James J. Kilpatrick: Britain has gained us no credit with Third purpose and direction. [From the Washington Star, Nov. 20, 1975] World nations. They are experts in travesty Among the deliberations on September 17, RHODESIA AND THE U.N. and they recognize mere pretense when they 1787, the last day of the Constitutional Con­ see it. The continuing sanctions against vention, was the thorny question as to (By James J. Kilpatrick) Rhodesia are just that: mere pretense, whether slaves should be counted when de­ A nice round anniversary passed the other nothing .more. termining the basis of representation. The day, and it is not too late to remark the Ten years are aplenty. If Congress lacks famous compromise that counted blacks as event. On November 11, Rhodesia completed the moral courage to withdraw from a three-fifths of a person was destined to cast 10 years of independence. corrupt and corrupting U.N., Congress could a long and lasting shadow, for it was the There is a certain irony here. One might at least strike a blow for integrity by re­ forerunner of all subsequent mechanisms for have assumed that the hypocrites who domi­ nouncing the Rhodesian sanctions. This denying rights to blacks. nate the United Nations would have learned would also be a blow for common sense; but I will not dwell here on the system of something from their folly in Rhodesia. Ten where the U.N. is concerned, this ls doubtless slavery that constitutes one of history's years, after all, is a fair term of instruction. too much to ask. greatest crimes against humanity other than But, no. The General Assembly observed the to underscore that it was ultimately the tenth anniversary of its blunder as to Rho­ central issue leading to the Civil War. And desia by blundering anew as to Israel. despite the fact that it was fought with so The assembly is amazing. The vote on the THIS TIME WE ALMOST MADE IT much bloodshed and passion it brought no resolution to condemn Zionism as "a form of real and lasting improvement in the status racism" was 72 to 35, with 32 delegations ab­ DIDN'T WE? of black people. staining. Among the 72 were some of the With the war ended and with slavery de­ most gorgeous practitioners of racism within HON. AUGUSTUS F. HAWKINS posed, blacks throughout the country ex­ the U.N. pressed optimism and hope regarding their The resolution was a lie, but lies weigh OF CALIFORNIA future, but, this was not to be the case­ lightly upon the assembly's collective con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES black codes, designed to take the place of the science. Truth and falsehood, they are all the Thursday, December 4, 1975 then defunct slave codes, were rushed same. Consistency, principle, fealty to the through many State legislatures-including U.N. Charter-such considerations are the Mr. HAWKINS. Mr. Speaker, on Octo­ the State of Illinois-in order to reestablish merest trifles. For at least the last 10 years, ber 30 just passed, Earl B. Dickerson ante-beUum white supremacy. Notwithstand­ since it slithered into the Rhodesian fiasco, was presented the Legal Defense Award ing the intent and purposes of the 14th the U.N. has been as empty of substance as a at the 1975 NAACP Legal Defense amendment (1866) establishing citizenship sucked egg. It is not even an honest bordello. and equal protection of the laws, and the What's a nice country like the U.S.A. doing Fund Dinner in Chicago. The principal 15th amendment (1870) establishing that a in a place like this? speaker at the dinner was Secretary of citizen's right to vote should not be de­ The U.N. sanctions against Rhodesia were Transportation, William T. Coleman, nied because of race or color-blacks were predicated from the outset upon a lie. The himself a long and active participant in ruthlessly intimidated and victimized. The lie was that Rhodesia constituted a "threat the work of this organization. Gov. Daniel hooded violence of the Ku Klux Klan, the to the peace." Not one scintilla of evidence Walker of Illinois also spoke. Knights of the White Camelia and other ter­ ever was adduced. The last 10 years have Earl Dickerson, now 84 years old, has rorist organizations aided and abetted by refuted it utterly. "know-nothing" politicians, poll-taxes and Those who voted for the U.N. sanctions had a distinguished career in the law grandfather clauses, all served to precipitate were not fazed by double standards. Their and in business, but he is most noted as the compromise of 1877 which boldly reaf­ charge, at bottom, was that Rhodesia was not a pioneer fighter for civil rights and equal firmed white supremacy in America. democratic; it was not governed by majority opportunity for all. He was a member of Although the treadmill of black history rule. And this charge, mind you, came largely President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Fair to this point had been interrupted by the from a gaggle of one-party states, tinhorn Employment Practices Committee, which heroic dissents and protests of such giants dictatorships and Communist puppets. At as Thaddeus Stevens, Charles Sumner, Fred­ the time of the Rhodesian resolution, half was a forerunner of the present Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. erick Douglas, William Lloyd Garrison, Wen­ the member states of the U.N. paid not even dell Phillips, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Abraham lip service to "majority rule." The picture I am including in my remarks the text Lincoln and a great host of others, this period has not improved in the ensuing decade. of the response of Earl B. Dickerson upon was indeed the nadir of the blacks status The outcry against Rhodesia was led by receiving the award: in this country. The black American, to bor­ Third World spokesmen who constantly COMMENTS OF EARL B. DICKERSON row from Robert Frost, had "nothing to look declaim against colonialism. And what was It is really a considerable presumption backward to with pride, and nothing to look their demand as to Rhodesia? Why, sir, they forward to with hope." demanded that Britain forthwith declare for me to have accepted the honor you have so graciously conferred upon me this eve­ Further compounding the miserable con­ Rhodesia a "crown colony," to be governed dition was the U.S. Supreme Court which absolutely by proconsuls from London. ning. I, perhaps more than any of you recognize the truth in Wordsworth's caveat, consistently interpreted the 14th and 15th Membership in any constituted body amendments in such a way as to cripple their demands some degree of respect for the "the old order changeth, giving way to the new." And as I review the details of my ca­ protection of blacks and thereby relegate body's written constitution. In the matter of them to a second class status as citizens. Rhodesia, no such respect could be seen. reer-punctuaited only now and then with the bright flashes of success and momentary sat­ The most publicized of the court's deci­ The unprecedented sanctions were imposed sions affecting blacks were the civil rights to do something expressly forbidden by para­ isfaction, I am tempted to adopt as my theme song, the current tune entitled, "This Time cases of 1883 and Pressy v. Ferguson rendered graph 7 of Article 2. That paragraph says 13 years later which was the final imprima­ the United Nations is to keep hands off mat­ We Almost Made It Didn't We?" Yes, I am so glad to be here this evening; tur for black separation. Although Justice ters essentially within the domestic juris­ John Marshall Harlan raised a dissenting and diction of states. among friends and those of you who have prophetic voice, saying, "the Constitution The sanctions against Rhodesia bore no taken the law as your profession, the intel­ is color-blind, and neither knows nor toler­ trace of morality, no trace of principle, no lectual environment you represent here has ates classes among citizens," this pernicious respect for the charter. Setting all such con­ kept me young these many years, because I ruling remained the law of the land for over siderations to one side, these 10 years have have had to be most flexible and capable of half a century. exposed an additional shortcoming also: The moving quite fast in order to keep abreast At the turn of the century and in stern sanctions did not work. Prime Minister of the concepts and developments in the law opposition to Booker T . Washington's ac­ Harold Wilson was chortling a decade ago as they control the continuing evolution of quiescence to the subordinate role of blacks that the "rebels" would be brought to their our society. imposed by "separate but equal," there arose knees in weeks, if not days. In the annals of On July 4, 1976 we will celebrate the Bi­ a new voice of dissent in the person of prophecy a more ludicrous prediction seldom centenntial of this great Nation's founding, W. E. B. DuBois. Continuously attacking the has been voiced. and proudly salute those Founding Fathers, Washington position, DuBois insisted that On the eyewitness testimony of every who, in their collective wisdom created a black people persist in their political action, visitor to Salisbury, the U.N. sanctions have theory of government, the complex, but nec­ civil rights agitation and their education in functioned as rotten nets to catch the wind. essary tools for its implementation, and fi­ the institutions of higher learning. DuBois The commerce of the world flows through nally a system that has excelled all previous was convinced that college trained blacks, Salisbury's streets. Her economy has and subsequent attempts in the history of the "talented tenth," as he referred to them, suffered--0f course it has suffered !-but civilized man. Yet, as we approach our 200th would furnish the leavening for the ultimate trade an,d tourism go on. Crops are planted, anniversary I am reminded that the pathway rise of the race. He also believed very early 38986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1975 that the individual voice of dissent could be 6. An environment controlled in the in­ Sen. Hatfield said he told Mr. Ford that if amplified and complemented manifold terest of society that includes adequate clearcutting is prohibited throughout the through the medium of a well-structured housing. national forest system, that would drastically organization created for such a purpose. On 7. A system of government based on reduce production of essential forest prod­ the centennial of the birth of Abraham Lin­ democratic principles, fully representative ucts, drive up the prices of lumber and hous­ coln (February 12, 1909) he and 53 other and with majority rule. ing, adversely affect the administration's at­ black and white Americans sent forth a plea. As you may suspeot, I have always been a tempt to curb inflation, and cause greater urging all believers in democracy to join in dissenter, a cross-examiner and a questioner unemployment in the construction and for­ a nat ional conference for "the renewal of of the status quo. From those days in est products industries. the struggle for civil and political liberty." Canton, Miss., where, as a small child, I deliv­ The topic is live again because a federal Out of this call emerged the NAACP-"to ered laundry for my mother and to what­ court ruled a.gain.st clearcutting in the Mo­ make 11 ,000,000 Americans physically free ever heights by career ma.y have taken me, I nongahela National Forest in West Vriginia from peonage, mentally free from ignorance, have had a.n undying quarrel with those and Pennsylvania, in a suit brought by the politically free from disfranchisement a.nd forces in the world th&t would impede and Sierra Club and other environmentalists. socially free from insult." deny progress to blrack people. Too, I have a. The Monongahela forest bears no semb­ During the middle decades, at the nagging passion for continutty, for the extension of lance to the Snoqualmie, or other Western insistence of the NAACP, the Federal judi­ life through others---60 much so that I be­ forests. The eastern forest consists largely ciary, and particularly the supreme Court, lieve that organizations, such as the legal of leafy, deciduous trees. The evergreen trees began to concern it.self with civil rights a.nd defense fund should have never-ending there are pine and spruce. There is some individual liberties. And in 1939 the NAACP programs. fir, but it is not Douglas fir. In other words, gave birth to a new child, the legal defense Finally, I believe that hope cannot be or­ there are different species, different mixes, and educational fund, in order that these dered into being. Society in a condition of different growth rates. issues be more doggedly pursued. As a result despair cannot be oomm.a.nded to generaite Douglas fir found in such abundance in of our initial challenges the Supreme Court glorious dreams. But, it can be encouraged western Washington and Oregon needs the in the 1940's made a series of landmark .rul­ to rediscover itself and to be reminded of sun and grows best under clearcutting. ings concerning discrimination in voting, in past achievements under circumstances of Areas logged off are immediately reforested transportation and in housing. And most enormous difficulty. It can be given con­ and soon become green timber stands. I1 importantly, during this same period the fidence in its visions and in the infinite selective logging is used, or if the forest is court had its most profound impact through reach of the human mind. left untouched, fallen or cut trees usually its rulings on public, tax-supported educa­ All these things considered, I salute the are replaced by other species than Douglas tion. In a.ll of these cases the NAACP had NAACP legal defense and educational fund fir, and you have a haphazard mix. Western authored the litigation. Little can be added and from the bottom of my heart, I thank forests are not clearcut indiscriminately. to the words of Chief Justice Earl Warren, its Chicago committee for the high honor Management practice on both federal and speaking for a unanimous court on May 17, bestowed upon me tonight. private lands is aimed at perpetuating the 1954, when he said, "We conclude that in forests by constantly renewing them. It can the field of public education the doctrine of be done and is being done in Douglas fir 'separate but equal' has no place. Separate THE NEED FOR A NATIONAL FOREST country. educational facilities are inherently un­ POLICY Senators and congressmen who have equal." visited the Pacific Northwest and observed As the Nation began to grasp the import how the forest industry works have changed of this epoch making decision, and its exten­ HON. DON BONKER their first impressions about clearcutting and sion into other areas where State law had OF WASHINGTON have come to favor it. America must keep enforced segregation, the larger society came IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES face-to-face with human beings whose the forests productive. Congress will have to Thursday, December 4, 1975 act on the West Virginia decision so that it is origins in this country dated back before not applied to the Douglas fir region. the Mayflower-but prior to the Brown de­ cision had, for the most pa.rt, been invisible. Mr. BONKER. Mr. Speaker, the de­ As Sen. Hatfield has told the President, The swift events that followed in the wake mand for timber is increasing in the there can be dire economic consequences of Broawn v. Board of Education of Topeka · United States. The foreign demand for with a rough political kickback for those who need not be detailed here except to pay hom­ American timber is also on the rise. Yet, vote or use their in:fluence to stymie forest age to those gallant and heroic voices of dis­ under present levels of timber manage­ production and the jobs dependent upon it. sent and cross-examination, not the least of ment, the output of the Douglas fir re­ FORESTS AT CROSSROADS-NEW POLICIES whom among them was that magnificent gion-the most prolific timber producing knight errant, Martin Luther King, Jr.­ NEEDED-COMMON EFFORT who carried us all with him as he pursued area in the Nation-has been projected (By Ted M. Natt) his dream. to decline by the year 2000. As a result, WASHINGTON .-America's nationai forests As we approach the Bicentennial jubilee, employment in timber-based industries are at a crossroads and decisions made in the With particular reference to the Constitu­ is projected to drop 45 percent between months ahead will have an impact on the tion, let us begin by applauding the magnifi­ 1970 and the year 2000. people and industry which surround and use cent efforts of those dissenters and cross­ A recent Federal court ruling has fur­ them for many years ahead. examlners who would make the Constitution ther complicated the outlook by ques­ Although a number of forest policy prob­ speak the truth. Therefore we must sincerely tioning the legality of timber harvests lems have been building towards the critical acknowledge the monumental perseverance by clear-cutting in the Monongahela Na­ decision points for years, the single event and skills of the men and women comprising which thrust the U.S. Forest Service to the the legal defense fund and the progress they tional Forest and other Federal timber crossroa.ds was a decision by the U.S. Court have made thus far toward bringing a real­ lands within the jurisdiction of the of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. ization to all of us of the full meaning of the Fourth Circuit Court. It has ruled that the Forest Service's or­ ideals eXJpressed in the Decla1"81tion of Inde­ Clear-cutting is the dominant timber ganic act prohibits clearcutting on federal pendence. I sincerely believe that the legal harvest practice in Douglas fir forests. forest lands in the Monongahela National defense fund is the most powerful single Highlighting both the potential serious­ Forest of West Virginia. force in America for the ul:tima.te realization The government must decide by Nov. 20 of racial equruity ! ness of the situation for that region and the implications for public and private whether to appeal the decision to the U.S. I would urge further, however, in recogni­ Supreme Court. Agriculture Department law­ tion of how much more there is to be done, timber management nationwide are the yers think the U.S. Solicitor General Will de­ that we not wait another 200 yea.rs in order following two editorials-one from the cide not to appeal. to chronicle our progress. Instead, I submit Tacoma, Wash., News Tribune and the tha.t each year following the Bicentennial, other from the Longview, Wash., Daily • • • • 1975+1, 1976 + 2, etc., thra.t we take time to The Forest Service, Congress and the make an appraisal of the achievements made News. President must decide not only how trees in the previous year and to assess their im­ I urge my colleagues to heed their Will be cut, but how fast. Private industry, pact on the programs of the following year. message. We otherwise will all share in like Weyerhauser, believes big old trees As an organization of responsible advocates the dire economic consequences that will should be cut fast because they are not we must continuously monitor, With a never follow if no action is taken to develop growing much and should be replaced with ending vigilance, the right of every citizen of a national forest policy. fast growing young trees. the United States to: The articles follow: McGuire says, "We can't handle our lands 1. Opportunity, freedom and personal like Weyerhauser." The Forest Service lives security to permit optimal development. HATFIELD'S Goon ADVICE in a political world where the pressures 2. Opportunity for a quality education. We who live in the Douglas fir country can brought by environmentalists, campers, hik­ 3. Opportunity for maximum length of thank Sen. Mark Hatfield of Oregon for the ers, boaiters and fishermen oan be enor­ life in good health. good advice he has given President Ford and mous. The national forests are used for m ore 4. Opportunity for employment COlllIIlen­ the President's advisers. The senator has than producing timber. surate with education and skill. warned them not to walk into any political What McGuire sees coming are smaller 5. Equality and impartliality in the ad­ traps on the question of clearcutting in the clearcuts and more attention to clean-up, mlnlstraition Of just1.ce. forests. reforestation and recreation. December 6, 1975 EX:rENSIONS OF REMARKS 38987 McGuire hopes that experiments like the important public health legislation is the rately or in combination, for which sufficient one now being tried in the Gifford Pinchot data are not yet available on which to base work of the Subcommittee on Health and firm health standards. In the case of just one National Forest will prove worthwhile. The the Environment, which I chair. Gifford Pinchot is going to gear the amount of these---sulfates-the National Academy of timber it produces to the level of man­ As we all know, there is growing con­ has found that they "are more toxic than agement it can operate at. If it has the cern about the serious health hazards of the parent compound (sulfur dioxide) and dollars to manage the forest as it should, the industrial and transportation pollution. appear likely to be responsible for a sub­ timber volume wlll be larger than it will Moreover, there are obvious economic stantial portion of the adverse effects on be otherwise. and energy problems facing our country. health associated with stationary source com­ Perhaps, he says, timber supply should Therefore, the legislation will be among bustion fuels.'' Furthermore, just last July be planned regionally, combining both pri­ the most important to come before the a prominent air pollution researcher testified vate and federal supplies to provide a con­ 94th Congress, requiring a careful that there may be a relationship between stant level of timber volume. Perhaps the ambient 802 and sulfate levels and lung Forest service should impose some utiliza­ balancing between various goals. cancer. tion requirements. I believe H.R. 10498 is a careful Within the next few years, EPA intends Whatever happens, "I don't think we can balancing of health, economic, and en­ to establish health standards for the control concentrate on just maximum growth," Mc­ ergy goals. of sulfates. At this time, it appears that much Guire says. Mr. Speaker, I include in the RECORD of the Eastern United States regularly re­ In changing the national forest policy, my opening statement to the Commerce ports sulfates exceeding the level EPA feels McGuire faces a difficult situation. There is it will have to set as the health standard. no one in the White House or the Office of Committee introducing the bill and brief­ There are scores of compounds in the air Management and Budget who understands ly highlighting some of its key sections: we breathe for which we have little hard forest needs or problems. In Congress, there STATEMENT OF CHAIRMAN PAUL ROGERS IN­ data detailing exact concentrations and their are only a handful who do and they are TRODUCING H.R. 10498, THE CLEAN Am ACT health effects. We do know, however, that from the Pacific Northwest. AMENDMENTS OF 1975 TO THE HOUSE COM• proven cancer-causing agents now have been What McGuire is trying to do is prevent MERCE COMMITl'EE, l>EcEMBER 3, 1975 reported in the ambient air. These include the decision-making from degenerating into The Health and Environment Subcommit­ dimethyl bromide, polycyclic organic-matter, a clearcutting argument in Congress where tee devoted more than seven months to con­ arsenic, polyvinyl chloride, and nitrosamines, sides would tend to become polarized. sideration of this bill. Two weeks of hearings the latter perhaps the most deadly carcinogen He fears the White House is hearing only were convened on March 13 of this year, fol­ known to man. from the lobbyists from the wood products lowed by almost daily discussion sessions Dr. David Baltimore-a Nobel Prize winner industry. during April, May and June. From July to for his research linking some cancers to Unless everyone works together and com­ October, the Subcommittee hammered out a viruses-has concluded that environmental promises, the forests and the people who de­ final bill, which was reported to the full causes of cancer are much more serious than pend upon and enjoy them will suffer. Committee on October 16 by a bipartisan viral causes. In fa.ct, recently Dr. Baltimore What is certain is that the Monongahela vote of 11-3. stated: "The role of viruses in cancer is sina.11. decision and its potential political conse­ The present Clean Air Act was enacted in The best hope today for cures ls research into quences (no clear cuts, fewer and more ex­ 1970. Its primary purpose is to protect the environmental causes of cancer.'' pensive trees, higher lumber and plywood public health and welfare. The law provides Apparently, then, grave concerns about the costs, higher housing costs) have gotten the for the establishment of minimum Federal adequacy of our air pollution control efforts attention of the White House, Congress and standards for protection of public health and are quite justified. And proposed changes in the wood products industry. The discussion welfare. The drafting and enforcement of im­ the present Clean Air Act must take into ac­ and decisions which wlll be made in the plementation plans to achieve these mini­ count these grave health concerns. We can­ coming weeks and months should be of mum standards is left to the individual State not surrender what progress we have already great concern to the public. governments. If a State fails to adopt an made in controlling hazardous air pollution. McGuire touched on four other points adequate implementation plan, or fails to But the past few years have brought the worth noting. enforce its plan, then Federal intervention recognition that responsible adjustments 1n On the log export problem, he says the to enforce the standards is authorized. Com­ the present law are necessary. Adjustments Forest Service is working with the Japanese pliance deadlines were set for 1975, or 1977, are needed if we are to sensibly achieve our to standardize lumber grading and sizing at the latest. ultimate goal of protecting the public health requirements with the U.S. to eliminate the Events of the past few months again dem­ and welfare from dangerous pollutants. seri­ 10 per cent Japanese tariff on U.S. lumber. onstrated the serious, even deadly effects of ous economic and energy problems along with He says some progress is being made and air pollution on human health. All of us who new, more complete information on the seri­ it should result in more Japanese purchase suffered through Washington pollution alerts ous effects of various air pollutants, dictated of cants and lumber instead of raw logs. in July and August need no reminder of the comprehensive review of the 1970 a.ct. H.R. Gov. Dan Evans, just back from a Far East significant health impact of air pollution. 10498 is the product of that review. trade mission, says he sees a rising demand Then, just a few weeks ago, on November During its long deliberations the Subcom­ for U.S. lumber in Japan because of housing 19th and 20th, pollution levels in Pittsburgh mittee was bombarded by widely divergent needs there. exceeded the level which presents "an im­ dem.ands for changes in the law. On the one On Forest Service reforestation, he says minent and substantial endangerment to hand, there were those who argued for air the backlog of lands which have not been health." Drastic steps-including cutting pollution clean-up without concern for cost. replan'l!ed with trees has been reduced some­ back power plants and curtailing steel pro­ what. The Funds are available or will be to Opposing them were those who would roll replant 1 million of those acres. Of the duction and other industrial activities-were back the progress we have won over the past initiated as a result of this health emer­ five years. backlog, only 571,000 acres are in the Oregon­ The Subcommittee bill rejects the .argu­ Washington region. gency. On the relatively new program to provide Emergencies such as in Pittsburgh--or in ments of both these extremes. financial subsidies to owners of small forest Birmingh~m in 1970--seized front-page head­ Our public health protection standards are tracts for reforestation, he says the best use lines and they refocus our attention on the not abandoned. We would continue to move of it is being made in the South. Currently need for tight controls which will prevent forward to clean up air pollution and to do about $15 million a year is being spent for the escape into the air of dangerous in­ it as expeditiously as practical. The Sub­ restocking small lot timber tracts. dustrial emissions. Clearly there can be no committee also recognized, though, that our And on federal land use controls, McGuire other course if we are to make our air safe Nation's economic, industrial and energy re­ sees a drift toward more federal control over to breathe. sources are limited. private land owners, particularly in recrea­ But there are no headlines alerting us to The resulting bill, H .R. 10498, maintains tion areas where private owners have a choice the quietly growing concern in the scien­ our goal of protecting the public health from of "behaving" or getting condemned. He sees tific and medical communities over the seri­ dangerous and toxic air pollutants, but it also more of such authority coming from Con­ ous health effects of everyday levels of indus­ provides State and local governments and gress. trial pollution. Increasingly, evidence dem­ industry with increased flexibility for achiev­ onstrates that there are potential serious ing air quality standards. health dangers from air pollutants at levels Here are just a few examples of provisions POLLUTED AIR IS HEALTH HAZARD far below the standards set by the EPA. For which take a middle ground on balancing instance, in its 1975 Report to Congress on environmental goals with other social needs: HON. PAUL G. ROGERS the health effects, the National Academy of 1) The bill authorizes the States and the Sciences concluded, "It is not clear that there EPA to grant extensions and variances to OF FLORIDA is any level of these pollutants (sulfur industrial polluters where necessary. For in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES oxides) above background that will not have stance: Thursday, December 4, 1975 an acute effect on the most susceptible in­ Extensions of up to five years would be dividual." allowed where a plant found it impossible . Mr. ROGERS. Mr. Speaker, the House Another major concern of health research­ to meet its compliance deadline; Commerce Committee began considera­ ers is the wide range of currently unregu­ Plants converting from the use of gas or tion of H.R. 10498, the Clean Air Act lated air pollutants. These are the perhaps oil to coal would be eligible for an extension Amendments of 1975, yesterday. This 200 to 300 different substances, ac:ting sepa- up to 1980; 38988 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE December 8, 1975

Both new and existing sources would be 1985 for achieving automobile-related air EPA's authority to "second guess" the State's eligible for variances for the development and quality standards. ultimate decisions. use of innovative air pollution control tech­ 4) The Administrator's authority to re­ quire State and local governments to adopt Mr. Chairman, this bill is a thought­ nology. ful, balanced approach which safeguards 2) The bill defers until 1980, or as late as or implement indirect source review pro­ 1985 in the case of nitrogen oxides, the date grams is sharply restricted. public health while realizing our other that automobile manufacturers must meet 5) H.R. 10498 restores broad discretion to social, economic, energy and environ­ final, new-car emission standa..rds. the States for determining the future air mental goals. I urge the committee to 3) Where necessary, States and localities quality in presently clean air regions. carefully consider it and expeditiously are provided extensions up until as late as Simultaneously, the bill strictly curtails report it to the full House.

SENATE-Monday, December 8, 1975

The Senate met at 11 a.m. and was WAIVER OF CALL OF THE CALENDAR Slichter, of Illinois, to be a member of called to order by Hon. DALE BUMPERS, a Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask the National Science Board, National Senator from the State of Arkansas. unanimous consent that the call of the Science Foundation. Legislative Calender, under rule VIlI, be The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ pore. Without objection, the nomination PRAYER dispensed with. The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ is considered and confirmed. The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. L. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following prayer: NOMINATIONS PLACED ON THE SEC­ Eternal Father, who so loved the world S. 2615, VOLUNTARY MUNICIPAL RE­ ORGANIZATION ACT OF 1975, RETARY'S DESK-PUBLIC HEALTH as to send Thy Son in the Child of Beth­ SERVICE lehem, endow us with the prerequisites PLACED UNDER "SUBJECTS ON of Christmas--open hearts, expectant THE TABLE'' The second assistant legislative clerk moods, simple faith, the sure guidance Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask proceeded to read sundry nominations in of the wise men, the tender love of unanimous consent that Calendar No. the Public Health Service which had mother and family. 429, S. 2615, be removed from "General been placed on the Secretary's desk. May the Christmas spirit brood over Orders" and placed under "Subjects on The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ the whole land that peace and justice the Table." pore. Without objection, the nominations and brotherhood may prevail. Complete The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ are considered and confirmed. the good work of past generations by the pore. Without objection, it is ordered. Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask manifesting in all people a living faith, unanimous consent that the President be a true piety, and a lofty patriotism. Grant notified of the confirmation of the nomi­ to the President, his counselors, the COMMITTEE MEETINGS DURING nations. Members of the Congress and all who SENATE SESSION The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ serve in the Government the grace and pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. wisdom of those who call upon the Lord Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask in spirit and in truth. unanimous consent that all committees In Thy holy name we pray. Amen. may be allowed to meet during theses­ sion of the Senate today. LEGISLATIVE SESSION The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the Senate re­ APPOINTMENT OF ACTING PRESI­ sume the consideration of legislative DENT PRO TEMPORE business. EXECUTIVE SESSION There being no objection, the Senate The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk resumed the cons idera ti on of legislative will please read a communication to the Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask business. Senate from the President pro tempore unanimous consent that the Senate go (Mr. EASTLAND). into executive session to consider nomi­ The second assistant legislative clerk nations on the Executive Calendar. ORDER FOR ROUTINE MORNING read the following letter: There being no objection, the Senate BUSINESS U.S. SENATE, proceeded to the consideration of execu­ PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, tive business. Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask Washington, D.C., December 8, 1975. The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ unanimous consent that there be a peri­ To the Senate: pore. The nominations will be stated. od for the conduct of morning business, Being temporarily absent from the senate of not to exceed 15 minutes, with state­ on official duties, I appoint Hon. DALE ments therein limited to 3 minutes each. BUMPERS, a Senator from the State of Ar­ The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ kansas, to perform the duties of the Chair during my absence. EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTU­ pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. JAMES 0. EASTLAND, NITY COMMISSION President pro tempore. The second assistant legislative clerk 'J'HE PRESIDENT'S PACIFIC Mr. BUMPERS thereupon took the read the nomination of Ethel Bent DOCTRINE chair as Acting President pro tempore. Walsh, of the District of Columbia, to be Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, the a member of the Equal Employment Op­ President of the United States has re­ portunity Commission. turned to Washington after an arduous The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ 9-day visit to the People's Republic of THE JOURNAL pore. Without objection, the nomination China, Indonesia, and the Republic of Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask is considered and confirmed. the Philippines, culminating yesterday in unanimous consent that the reading of a speech at the Arizona War Memorial, the Journal of the proceedings of Friday, commemorating Pearl Harbor Day 34 and Saturday, December 5 and 6, 1975, be years ago, and giving a speech at the dispensed with. NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION East-West Center at the University of The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ The second assistant legislative clerk Hawaii, at which time he set forth what pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. read the nomination of Charles Pence he referred to as "The Pacific Doctrine...