.-'5/.* -&)6/.*)'7

History !"#–"$%: Development of the United States to !"## Professor Silver Spring #$"%

I& '()* +,-.*/ we will study the history of colonial North America, the American Revolution, and the United States through the Civil War and the close of Reconstruction, in "011. The colonial section of the course surveys the strange colonial worlds that North America’s jumbled Indian, European, and African cultures produced during the 2rst two and a half centuries of enduring Spanish, English, and French colonization north of Mexico. Starting with the worldwide contest of European empires and the collapse of early North America’s native civilizations, we will watch as North American life was wracked by epidemics, revivals, and transforming wars. Along the way we will examine this period’s waves of trans-Atlantic migration—drawing people from places as distant as Senegal and Switzerland—and their consequences for North America’s Indian societies; survey the impact of American slavery; assess the importance of magic, witchcraft, anti-Catholicism, and evangelicalism; consider the political problems of imperial governance; look at the ecological changes that followed Europeans to North America; and ask whether anything uni2ed the people who lived in North America by the "13$s. Then, in the years between the Anglo-French imperial con4icts of the "13$s and Thomas Jefferson’s election to the presidency of the United States, in "0$$, we will watch the transformation through war of this quarrelsome assemblage of British colonies, huddled together on the western rim of the Atlantic world, into a slowly failing nation. The events of the revolutionary era—the 2rst global military con4ict (the Seven Years’ War); the dismantling of slavery in some places and its strengthening in others; settlers’ 2ghting with and terrorizing of dozens of native nations; their spread to claim great spans of land; the drafting of the United States Constitution—all were part of the making of the modern world’s 2rst republics, and of a fractious new federal state. With the nineteenth century and the rise of a new sort of politics in the era of the presidency of Andrew Jackson, themes from the 2rst parts of the course—the dif2culties of geographic expansion; the politics of mass democracy; sectional differences over the future of slavery; the rising importance of evangelicalism; the displacement of Indian nations by European settlers—will all come to a disastrous climax in the Civil War. The sectional con4ict’s aftermath in Reconstruction, and the creation in that period of a nation sharply different from anything the founders could possibly have imagined, will illustrate the reinvented meanings of equality, freedom, and American nationhood during an age of industrialization and war.

./8-)./9/&'* The course requirements are as follows.

". Faithful attendance at each course meeting (see “Attendance, Of2ce Hours, and Electronics” below, for details) and active participation in the discussions conducted in bi-weekly recitations— which requires careful reading, week by week, of the assigned books and articles (%$% of the 2nal grade: "$% from attendance and #$% from participation). Complete the assigned readings for each course meeting before coming to class. #. An in-class midterm examination, meant to provide an early gauge of your progress, consisting of an essay question and a section of short identi2cations drawn from the lectures and readings (#$% of the 2nal grade). %. A 2nal examination, consisting of two essay questions and a section of short identi2cations drawn from the lectures and readings (!$%).

:''/&;:&+/, ,<<)+/ (,-.*, :&; /=/+'.,&)+* Attendance is required at all course meetings. One accidental absence is allowed, and absences for participation in athletic contests, family deaths, or serious illness (which must be documented) will be accounted for. Arriving late to class, or leaving early, two times will count as an unexcused absence. One to four unexcused absences will lower your grade by one-half to two letter grades, and more than four unexcused absences can result in failing the course. You should meet with me during of2ce hours at least once, and it is a good idea to form the habit of visiting of2ce hours as often as you can. You can sign up for my of2ce hours at http://www.supersaas.com/schedule/psilver (available days are shown on the overview calendar in white highlighting). My of2ce is Van Dyck #C, my of2ce hours are Tuesdays and Thursdays from "$:$$ to "":$$, my of2ce telephone number is (030) >%#– 0!"#, and my email address is [email protected]. Laptops are permitted for note- taking only—not, under any circumstances, sur2ng the web, emailing, or exchanging instant messages—and laptop users must sit in the front row. Any use of smartphones is 4atly prohibited. Please switch them off and tuck them away during class.

?,,@* The following two course books should be ordered from Amazon.com. The required editions can be located by searching for the "%-digit ).*.?.&. numbers listed after their titles. Assigned articles and book chapters will be posted in A.;.<. format on Sakai.

Alan Taylor, American Colonies: The Settling of North America (New York: Viking Penguin, #$$"; reprinted New York: Penguin Books, #$$#). ).*.?.&. >10-$"3#$$#"$$

Peter Kolchin, American Slavery, !$!%–!"##, rev. ed. (New York: Hill & Wang, #$$%). ).*.?.&. >10-$0$>$"B%$% !""# <("=>&* <7()=>&*

$. %&'(&)* $. Accidental Empires and +. The Assault on Spain’s Empire | ++–+, Conquests of North America Getting Acquainted with Indians

+. %&'(&)* .. Powhatan and Virginia to $3++ | ,. )"6:<&<:?': 6?)<@=, %?7' +-–.$ Opechancanough’s Plots to $3,, =5:<7, 5"A:6?, &'> B:)C:':&

.. /"0)(&)* 1. Religion in New England | The 3. Bound Labor and Luxury Crops 1–2 Skulking Way of War to $3.2 in the Islands and Mainland

,. /"0)(&)* 2. The French and Algonquians | 4. )"6:<&<:?': <7" %"=(:< $+–$, Indian Relations in Five Empires )";&<:?'= | >(<67 6?'<&6<

1. /"0)(&)* -. Problems of Missionization and $8. Woes of Servitude | Bacon’s and $-–+$ Servitude | King Philip’s War Pueblo Revolts | Empires React

3. /"0)(&)* $$. The Anglo-Dutch Duel | $+. )"6:<&<:?': 0&6?'’= &'> +3–+4 Adjustment to Empire #:'C 97:;:9’= !&)

2. 5&)67 $.. The Glorious Revolution | $,. Magic and the Invisible World in 1–2 Revolution Principles New England | Salem

4. 5&)67 $1. Blueprints for Paradise | $3. :'-6;&== 5:><")5 $+–$, Consequences of Immigration "A&5:'&<:?'

-. 5&)67 $2. The Discovery of Gentility | The $4. Rise of Race-Based Slavery | The +3–+4 Great Awakening Atlantic Slave Economy

$8. &9):; $-. Seven Years’ and Pontiac’s wars +8. )"6:<&<:?': "A9"):"'6" ?/ +–, | Reform to Riot to Revolution <7" &5"):6&' )"B?;(<:?'

$$. &9):; +$. Monarchy and Independence | ++. The Constitution | $2-8s | $488 - – $$ Two Revolutions | A Failing State and the Perforated Nation

$+. &9):; +.. Communications and Market +,. )"6:<&<:?': %&6#=?':&' >"5?6)&6*

$.. &9):; +1. Antebellum Slavery | +3. Expansion and A Failed State | +.–+1 Evangelicals and Antislavery The Coming of the Civil War

$,. &9):; +2. Reconstruction and African +4. )"6:<&<:?': 6:B:; !&) &= .8–5&* + American Freedom <7" )"/?('>:'C ?/ &5"):6& !. Religion and Pro+t,” and “Land and Labor”) and Taylor, American Colonies, excerpts from chap. " !*%–!%& (“Bible Commonwealth,” to “religious (“Colonizers, !#$$–!%$$”), pp. &'–#( toleration for all Protestants,” at top of p. !%&); (“Epidemics”) and pp. #)–#' (“Ecological and excerpts from chap. ' (“Puritans and Imperialism”); and from chap. & (“New Spain, Indians, !)$$–!*$$”), pp. !%%–!'! (“Natives”) !($$–!)$$”), pp. (!–)& (entire chapter except and pp. !'&–!'* (“Tribute” and “Pequot War”) “Gold and Silver”) ("& pages) (") pages)

". ). Taylor, American Colonies, remainder of chap. & Richard Frethorne (an indentured servant in (“New Spain, !($$–!)$$”), pp. )&–)); and Virginia) to his father and mother, March "$ and excerpt from chap. # (“The Spanish Frontier, April "–&, !)"&, in Records of the Virginia !(&$–!*$$”), pp. )%–%& (entire chapter except Company, ed. Kingsbury, vol. # (Washington, “The New Mexico Missions” and “The Pueblo D.C.: Government Printing Of+ce, !'&(), pp. (%– Revolt”) ("$ pages) )" (( pages) Taylor, American Colonies, excerpts from chap. * (“Chesapeake Colonies, !)($–!*($”): &. “Commonwealths,” “Labor,” and Taylor, American Colonies, chap. ) (“Virginia, “Prosperity” (pp. !&'–!#)); and from chap. !$ !(*$–!)($”), pp. !!%–!&* ("$ pages) (“The West Indies, !)$$–!*$$”): “Barbados,” “Sugar” (pp. "$(–"!!), “Planters,” and “Jamaica” (pp. "!#–""!) ("& pages) #. J. H. Elliott, Empires of the Atlantic World: Britain and Spain in America, !"#$–!%&' *. (London: Yale University Press, "$$)), excerpts Taylor, American Colonies, excerpts from chap. ( from chap. !, pp. &–!) (“Hernán Cortés and (“Canada and the Iroquois, !($$–!))$”), pp. '"– Christopher Newport”), and from chap. &, pp. '& and ''–!!& (whole chapter except “The Fur (*–)) (“A Mosaic of Peoples”) ("# pages) Trade”); and excerpts from chap. !) (“French Excerpt from [Edward Waterhouse], A America, !)($–!*($”): “Emigrants” (pp. &)#– Declaration of the State of the Colony and &*$) and “The Upper Country” (pp. &*)–&%") ("# Affaires in Virginia, with a Relation of the pages) Barbarous Massacre in the Time of Peace and League, Treacherously Executed by the Native %. In(dels upon the English ... (London, !)""), as reprinted in The Records of the Virginia Excerpts from The Jesuit Relations: Natives and Company of London, ed. Susan Myra Kingsbury, Missionaries in Seventeenth-Century North vol. & (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing America, ed. Allan Greer (Boston: Bedford / St. Of+ce, !'&&), pp. (#'–()# (with list of the dead, Martin’s, "$$$), introduction and chaps. ! and * pp. ()(–(*!) (!& pages) (") pages) (. Excerpts from [Harmen Meyndertsz van den Bogaert, a "&-year-old employee of the Dutch Taylor, American Colonies, excerpts from chap. % West India Company living at Fort Orange (“New England, !)$$–!*$$”), pp. !('–!*" (Albany, N.Y.)], “Narrative of a Journey into the (“English Puritans,” “The Great Migration,” Mohawk and Oneida Country, !)&#–!)&(,” in Narratives of New Netherland, !"#$–!""%, ed. J. Charles II, September (#, !'&', on his reception Franklin Jameson (New York: Charles in Boston; and Randolph, “Representation of ye Scribner’s Sons, !"#"), pp. !$"–!%&, with Affaires of N: England …” (!'&&), in Edward glossary of the Mohawk words known by Van Randolph: Including His Letters and Of)cial den Bogaert at pp. !%&–!'( (!" pages) Papers …, !"("–!(#*, ed. Robert Noxon Toppan, % vols., vol. ( (Boston, !)")), pp. (!'– ((% and ('%–(') (!# pages) ". Taylor, American Colonies, excerpt from chap. " (“Puritans and Indians, !'##–!&##”), pp. !"&–(#$ !(. (“Praying Towns,” “King Philip’s War,” and John Easton, “A Relacion of the Indyan “Victory and Defeat”) (& pages) Warre” (!'&%), in Narratives of the Indian Wars, Philip Ranlet, “Another Look at the Causes of !"('–!"$$, ed. Charles H. Lincoln (New York: King Philip’s War” (!"))), in New England Charles Scribner’s Sons, !"!$), pp. &–!& (!! Encounters: Indians and Euroamericans, ca. pages) !"##–!&'#, ed. Alden T. Vaughan (Boston: Jill Lepore, “Habitations of Cruelty” and “Where Northeastern University Press, !"""), chap. %, Is Your O God?” in The Name of War: King pp. !$&–!*", with endnotes at pp. !*"–!%% (!$ Philip’s War and the Origins of American pages) Identity (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, !"")), chaps. $–* (pp. &!–!(!, with endnotes at pp. (&*–("*) (%# pages) !#. Taylor, American Colonies, remainder of chap. * (“The Spanish Frontier, !%$#–!&##”), pp. )$–"# !$. (“The New Mexico Missions” and “The Pueblo Taylor, American Colonies, excerpts from chap. !$ Revolt); excerpt from chap. & (“Chesapeake (“Revolutions, !')%–!&$#”), pp. (&'–("( and Colonies, !'%#–!&%#”), pp. !*'–!%$ (“Rebellion” ("*–$## (whole chapter except “War of the and “Great Planters”) (!* pages) Spanish Succession” and “Union”) ((! pages) Excerpts from Capt. Sir John Berry and Frances Excerpts from Owen Stanwood, “The Protestant Moryson (royal commissioners sent to investigate Moment: Antipopery, the Revolution of !'))– the causes of Bacon’s rebellion), “A True !')", and the Making of an Anglo-American Narrative of the Rise, Progresse, and Cessation Empire,” Journal of British Studies *' ((##&): of the Late Rebellion in Virginia …” (!'&&), in *)!–%#) (about (# pages) Narratives of the Insurrections, !"('–!"$#, ed. Charles M. Andrews (New York: Charles !*. Scribner’s Sons, !"!%), pp. !#%–!*! ($# pages) Excerpt from Taylor, American Colonies, chap. ) (“New England, !'##–!&##”), pp. !)$–!)' (* !!. pages) Excerpts from Taylor, American Colonies, chap. Rev. Deodat Lawson, “A Brief and True Narrative !( (“Middle Colonies, !'##–!&##”): introduction, of Some Remarkable Passages Relating to “The Dutch Empire,” “New Netherland,” Sundry Persons Af+icted by Witchcraft “‘Dutch’ Colonists,” “Navigation Acts,” and …” (!'"(), in Narratives of the Witchcraft Cases, “Conquest” (pp. (*'–('! (!* pages) !"%&–!(#", ed. George Lincoln Burr (New York: Excerpts from Edward Randolph (emissary of the Charles Scribner’s Sons, !"!*), pp. !%(–!'* (!$ Council for Trade and Plantations) to King pages) !". Excerpts from Taylor, American Colonies, chap. !(. !# (“Middle Colonies, !$%%–!&%%”): Taylor, American Colonies, excerpts from chap. !% “Pennsylvania” and “Diversity” (pp. #$'–#&#); (“The West Indies, !$%%–!&%%”): “Slaves” (pp. and from chap. !' (“The Atlantic, !&%%–(%”): #!!–#!'); from chap. !' (“The Atlantic, !&%%– “English Emigrants,” “Scots,” “Germans,” and (%”): “Africans,” “‘New Negroes,’” and “African- “Pluralism”” (pp. )!'–)#)) (!* pages) Americans” (pp. )#)–))&); from chap. !! Excerpts from Per (or Peter) Kalm, Travels into (“Carolina, !$&%–!&$%”): “Terror” (pp. #)*–#'%); North America … (!&"%); and from Rev. Andrew and from chap. & (“Chesapeake Colonies, !$"%– Burnaby, Travels through the Middle !&"%”): “Slaves” (pp. !")–!"&) (#& pages) Settlements in North-America, in the Years !"#$ Excerpts from The Interesting Narrative of the and !"%& ..., #nd ed. (London, !&&") ()" pages) Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African, Written by Himself, *th ed. (!&*'; !st !$. ed., !&(*), in Equiano, “The Interesting Narrative” and Other Writings, ed. Vincent +,-./0+ /12+,32.,43 Carretta (New York: Penguin Books, !**"), pp. '$–'( and ""–$' (!) pages) !&. Excerpts from Taylor, American Colonies, chap. !*. !' (“The Atlantic, !&%%–(%”): “News,” Excerpts from Taylor, American Colonies, chap. “Trade” (pp. )%)–)%&) and “Goods” (pp. )!%–)!') !( (“Imperial Wars and Crisis, !&)*–&"”): (!% pages) introduction (p. '#!), “Balance of Power,” “The Excerpt from T. H. Breen, “‘Baubles of Britain’: Seven Years War,” “Indian Rebellions,” The American and Consumer Revolutions of the “Imperial Crisis,” and “Empire of Liberty” (pp. Eighteenth Century,” Past and Present, no. !!* '#'–'')) (#! pages) (!*((): &)–(& only (introduction and pt. ,) (!" Vision of Neolin, the Delaware prophet (!&$! or pages) !&$#), in Journal of Pontiac’s Conspiracy, !"%', Excerpts from Taylor, American Colonies, chap. ed. Mary Agnes Burton (Detroit: Michigan !" (“Awakenings”): “Establishments,” “Growth Society of the Colonial Wars, [!*!#]), pp. #)–)#, and Limits,” “Revivals,” and “White5eld” (pp. even-numbered pages only (the anonymous ))*–)"!), and “Southern Revivals” and journal was probably kept by Robert Navarre, a “Race” (pp. )""–)$!) (#% pages) French-speaking resident of Detroit) ($ pages) Excerpts from A.M., The State of Religion in New Excerpts from Fred Anderson, The War That England (Glasgow, !&'#), pp. )–!'; Boston Made America: A Short History of the French News-Letter, July !, !&'#; Boston Evening-Post, and Indian War (New York: Viking Penguin, April !!, !&'); and James Davenport, The #%%"; reprinted New York: Penguin Books, Reverend Mr. Davenport’s Confession and #%%$), pp. xxiii–xxv, !&–#', $'–&), and #)!–#"% Retractions (Boston, !&''), pp. )–(—all in (#$ pages) Thomas S. Kidd, The Great Awakening: A Brief Remainder of T. H. Breen, “‘Baubles of Britain’: History with Documents (Boston: Bedford / St. The American and Consumer Revolutions of the Martin’s, #%%(), docs. !*–#% and ##–#), pp. *'– Eighteenth Century,” Past and Present, no. !!* !%# and !%&–!!! (!' pages) (!*((): (&–!%' (pts. ,,–,,, of article) (!( pages) !". excerpts from chaps. & (on events in South Sung Bok Kim, “The Limits of Politicization in the Carolina and Virginia in $))(–$))') and * (on American Revolution: The Experience of the British defeat at Yorktown, Virginia, in Westchester County, New York,” Journal of September–October $)#$) (!# pages) American History #" ($%%&): #'#–##% (!$ pages) For reference: U.S. Congress, Declaration of Joseph Plumb Martin, Private Yankee Doodle: Independence (Philadelphia, $))') Being a Narrative of Some of the Adventures, Dangers, and Suffering of a Revolutionary !!. Soldier, ed. George E. Scheer (Boston: Little, Gordon S. Wood, excerpts from “Is There a ‘James Brown & Co., $%'!), excerpts from chaps. !–& ('" Madison Problem’?” in Revolutionary pages) Characters: What Made the Founders Different The Journal of Nicholas Cresswell, !""#–!""" (New York: Penguin Press, !""'), chap. ( (!' (London: Jonathan Cape, $%!(), excerpts from pages) chap. $! (% pages) Peter Kolchin, American Slavery, !$!&–!%"", rev. ed. (New York: Hill & Wang, !""&), excerpts !$. from chap. & (“The American Revolution”), secs. Richard L. Bushman, King and People in ++, +,, and ,+, pp. '&–)", )'–#", and #(–%! ($# Provincial Massachusetts (Chapel Hill, N.C.: pages) University of North Carolina Press for the Gordon S. Wood, Empire of Liberty: A History of Institute of Early American History and Culture, the Early Republic, !"%&–!%!' (New York: $%#(), excerpts from chap. $ (“The King in Oxford University Press, !""%), excerpts from Massachusetts Bay”): “Celebrations” and chap. ( (“The French Revolution in America”) “Protection and Allegiance” (pp. $$–!!) ($$ and ) (“The Crisis of $)%#–$)%%”) (!" pages) pages) For reference: Constitution of the United States Brendan McConville, The King’s Three Faces: The (September $), $)#)), in The Constitutional Rise and Fall of Royal America, !$%%–!""$ Convention and the Formation of the Union, ed. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press Winton U. Solberg, !nd ed. (Urbana: University for the Omohundro Institute of Early American of Illinois Press, $%%"), pp. &*)–&'$ ($( pages); History and Culture, !""'), excerpts from chap. and “Publius” [James Madison], “The Same $" (“A Funeral Fit for a King”): introduction (pp. Subject Continued,” The Federalist (New York, !#$–!#!), “A Terror of Bodies, A Terror of $)##), no. $" (' pages) Words” and “The Iconoclasm” (pp. !#'–&"" and &"'–&$!) (!" pages) !&. [John Dickinson and Thomas Jefferson], Theda Perdue and Michael D. Green, The “Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Cherokee Nation and the Trail of Tears (New Taking up Arms” (July ', $))(), in The York: Viking Penguin, !"")), chaps. & (“Indian Constitutional Convention and the Formation of Removal Policy”) and ' (“The Trail of Tears”), the Union, ed. Winton U. Solberg, !nd ed. pp. *!–') and $$'–$*" (*% pages) (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, $%%"), pp. $'–!& (# pages) Simon Schama, Rough Crossings: The Slaves, the !*. British, and the American Revolution (New Excerpt from Daniel Walker Howe, What Hath York: Harper Collins, !""'; reprinted !"")), God Wrought: The Transformation of America, !"!#–!"$" (New York: Oxford University Press, George Fitzhugh, Cannibals All! Or Slaves without !""#), chap. $" (“Battles over Sovereignty”), pp. Masters (Richmond, Va., $&)#), excerpts from %#%–%&' ($( pages) chaps. %! (“Man Has Property in Man”) and %) Excerpts from Andrew Jackson, “Veto Message (“Government a Thing of Force, Not of from the President of the United States, Consent”), pp. %($–%(% and %)%–%'! ($$ pages) Returning the Bank Bill, with His Objections, &c.” (Washington, D.C., $&%!) (! pages) !#. Excerpts from Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy Excerpts from Eric Foner, A Short History of in America (! vols., $&%)–$&("), trans. Arthur Reconstruction (New York: Harper & Row, Goldhammer (New York: Library of America, $**"), chap. % (“The Meaning of Freedom”), and !""(), excerpts from vol. $, pt. !, chaps. % and '– excerpt from chap. * (“The Challenge of $"; and from vol. !, pt. !, chaps. )–' and $%; and Enforcement”: “The Ku Klux Klan”), pp. %)–)( from vol. !, pt. %, chap. $' (%# pages) and $&(–$*$ (!& pages) U.S. Congress, House, Testimony Taken by the !). Joint Select Committee to Inquire into the Ronald G. Walters, The Antislavery Appeal: Condition of Affairs in the Late Insurrectionary American Abolitionism after !"%& (Baltimore, States (the “Ku Klux Klan hearings”), vol. %: Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, $*#&), South Carolina + (Washington, D.C., $&#!), chap. % (“Religion: Evangelical Protestantism excerpts from examinations of William M. and the Reform Impulse”), pp. %#–)% ($# pages) Champion, July ', $&#$ (pp. %')–%#$), and Jackson Surratt, July &, $&#$ (pp. )!"–)!!); and Excerpts from Peter Kolchin, American Slavery, vol. (: South Carolina ++ (Washington, D.C., !'!(–!")), rev. ed. (New York: Hill & Wang, $&#!), excerpts from examinations of Hampton !""%), chap. ( (“Antebellum Slavery: Parker, July $", $&#[$] (pp. )*#–)**), and Organization, Control, Paternalism”), pp. *%–**, Mervin Givens, July $!, $&#$ (pp. '*&–#""); and $$$–$!#; chap. ) (“Antebellum Slavery: Slave excerpts from Rev. A. W. Cummings’s list of Life”), pp. $))–$'"; and chap. ' (“The White persons attacked by the Ku Klux Klan in South: Society, Economy, Ideology”), pp. $#(– Spartanburg County, S.C., July $), $&#$ (pp. $&( (($ pages) *$#–*!!) ($$ pages)

!'. !&. David S. Reynolds, John Brown, Abolitionist: The Abraham Lincoln, spoken text of remarks for Man Who Killed Slavery, Sparked the Civil War, dedication of battle,eld cemetery at Gettysburg, and Seeded Civil Rights (New York: Alfred A. Pa. (November $*, $&'%), in Garry Wills, Lincoln Knopf, !"")), excerpts from chap. # at Gettysburg: The Words That Remade America (“Pottawatomie”), pp. $%&–$'( (to “The Life of (New York: Simon & Schuster, $**!), appendix Oliver Cromwell [$&(&]”) and $') (from “The %d, p. !'$ ($ page) most positive way”)–$#& ((" pages) Excerpts from Wills, Lincoln at Gettysburg, Excerpts from speech of Sen. James Henry prologue (pp. %#–("), chaps. % (pp. *"–$"% and Hammond on the South’s superiority, March (, $!") and ( (pp. $%#–$(#), and epilogue (pp. $##– $&)&, The Congressional Globe …, %)th Cong., $&*) (%! pages) $st sess. (Washington, D.C., $&)&), pp. *'$–*'! (! pages)