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This Thesis Has Been Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Postgraduate Degree (E.G. Phd, Mphil, Dclinpsychol) at the University of Edinburgh This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. Exploring the Intersection of Translation and Music: An Analysis of How Foreign Songs Reach Chinese Audiences Lingli Xie Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Literatures, Languages and Cultures The University of Edinburgh 2016 Declaration I hereby declare that this thesis has been entirely composed by me and that the work herein is mine. Ideas and passages reproduced from other sources have been duly acknowledged. The thesis has not been submitted for any other degree or professional qualification. Lingli Xie 31 May 2016 I Acknowledgements This thesis would not have been possible without the support of many people. I owe a huge debt of gratitude to my supervisor, Dr Şebnem Susam-Saraeva, whose insightful comments and boundless patience have been an invaluable support throughout my entire PhD study. Whenever I was struck with a particular issue and could not get my thoughts straight, I could rely on her opinion to put myself in the right direction. Sincere thanks also to Dr. Charlotte Bosseaux, Dr Nikki Moran, Dr Julian Ward and Dr. Sharon Deane-Cox, whose guidance and critical insights were particularly helpful in the beginning phase of this research. My unreserved appreciation goes to all the teaching staff in the School of Literatures, Languages and Cultures at the University of Edinburgh for their help at different times and in different ways over the years of my PhD study. I also wish to thank all of my friends in Edinburgh and beyond, who have lovingly accompanied me through the PhD isolation of this long journey, such as Hsiao Hsini, Chen Nianhan and Du Jiayi. Special mention also belongs to Rebekah Thompson for her time and efforts to read parts of my early drafts, as well as the subtitling team for sharing valuable information with me. I am equally indebted to the China Scholarships Council and the University of Edinburgh for funding my PhD study, allowing me to embark on such a fulfilling journey of learning. Last but not least, my family has always been my strongest support. I am deeply grateful to my parents, Xie Xiri and Huang Zhenyan for their constant encouragement and unlimited love. They have patiently endured long days and sometimes loneliness when I, their only daughter, have been away from China and cannot attend family reunions as before. This thesis is for them. II Table of Contents Table of Contents .................................................................................................. III Abstract ................................................................................................................. VI List of Tables .......................................................................................................VIII List of Figures ....................................................................................................... IX List of Abbreviations ............................................................................................... X Chapter 1 Introduction ......................................................................................... 1 1.1 Research Background .................................................................................... 2 1.2 Aims and Objectives of the Research............................................................. 6 1.3 Research Questions, Scope and Structure of the Thesis.................................. 8 1.3.1 Research Questions .............................................................................. 8 1.3.2 Structure of the Thesis ......................................................................... 9 Chapter 2 Literature Review: A Conceptual and Theoretical Framework for Song Translation .................................................................................................... 14 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 14 2.2 Previous Research on Song Translation ....................................................... 14 2.2.1 To Translate or Not to Translate ........................................................ 17 2.2.2 How to Translate Songs ..................................................................... 20 2.3 A Widening Remit of Song Translation ....................................................... 25 2.4 The Conceptual Framework of Song Translation ......................................... 28 2.4.1 Lyrics translation ............................................................................... 29 2.4.2 Adaptation ......................................................................................... 31 2.4.3 Rewriting ........................................................................................... 33 2.4.4 Version .............................................................................................. 36 2.4.5 Summary ........................................................................................... 37 2.5 The Sociology of Bourdieu and Its Relevance to Song Translation .............. 38 2.5.1 Pierre Bourdieu’s Core Concepts ....................................................... 40 2.5.2 Implications for Studying Song Translation Activities in China ......... 51 2.6 Conclusion .................................................................................................. 54 Chapter 3 Methodology ...................................................................................... 56 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 56 3.2 An Overview of Case Study Methodology ................................................... 56 3.3 The Three Case Studies ............................................................................... 61 3.3.1 A Brief Introduction to Case study 1: Xue Fan ................................... 61 3.3.2 A Brief Introduction to Case study 2: Online Communities of Amateur III Translators ........................................................................................ 62 3.3.3 A Brief Introduction to Case Study 3: Albert Leung ........................... 69 3.3.4 Summary ........................................................................................... 70 3.4 Data Collection and Analysis....................................................................... 71 3.4.1 Paratextual Investigation .................................................................... 71 3.4.2 Netnography ...................................................................................... 72 3.5 Conclusion .................................................................................................. 75 Chapter 4 Data Analysis and Discussion of Case Study 1: Xue Fan ................. 76 4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 76 4.2 Brief Background Notes on Xue Fan ........................................................... 76 4.3 Previous Studies on Xue Fan ....................................................................... 78 4.4 Analysis of Xue’s Song Translation Practice ............................................... 79 4.4.1 Xue’s View of Song Translation ......................................................... 79 4.4.2 Capturing the Original Meaning and Creating New Words ................. 82 4.4.3 Other Constraints in Integrating Translated Lyrics with Music ........... 88 4.4.4 Summary ........................................................................................... 98 4.5 A Bourdieusian Perspective on Xue’s Song Translation Practice ................. 98 4.5.1 Agents in the Field of Song Translation .............................................. 99 4.5.2 Habitus of Xue as a Song Translator ................................................ 106 4.5.3 Positions and Power Relations in the Field ....................................... 110 4.6 Conclusion ................................................................................................ 115 Chapter 5 Online Amateur Translation of Foreign Songs in China ................ 117 5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................... 117 5.2 Review of Existing Research on Amateur Translation ............................... 118 5.3 Different Types of Fan Engagement in China’s Song Translation Activities121 5.3.1 Douban Group ................................................................................. 122 5.3.2 Baidu Knows (http://zhidao.baidu.com/ ) ......................................... 127 5.3.3 Video Streaming and Sharing Websites ............................................ 132 5.4 Case
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