The Foreign Service Journal, November 1946
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Slum Clearance in Havana in an Age of Revolution, 1930-65
SLEEPING ON THE ASHES: SLUM CLEARANCE IN HAVANA IN AN AGE OF REVOLUTION, 1930-65 by Jesse Lewis Horst Bachelor of Arts, St. Olaf College, 2006 Master of Arts, University of Pittsburgh, 2012 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2016 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH DIETRICH SCHOOL OF ARTS & SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by Jesse Horst It was defended on July 28, 2016 and approved by Scott Morgenstern, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science Edward Muller, Professor, Department of History Lara Putnam, Professor and Chair, Department of History Co-Chair: George Reid Andrews, Distinguished Professor, Department of History Co-Chair: Alejandro de la Fuente, Robert Woods Bliss Professor of Latin American History and Economics, Department of History, Harvard University ii Copyright © by Jesse Horst 2016 iii SLEEPING ON THE ASHES: SLUM CLEARANCE IN HAVANA IN AN AGE OF REVOLUTION, 1930-65 Jesse Horst, M.A., PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2016 This dissertation examines the relationship between poor, informally housed communities and the state in Havana, Cuba, from 1930 to 1965, before and after the first socialist revolution in the Western Hemisphere. It challenges the notion of a “great divide” between Republic and Revolution by tracing contentious interactions between technocrats, politicians, and financial elites on one hand, and mobilized, mostly-Afro-descended tenants and shantytown residents on the other hand. The dynamics of housing inequality in Havana not only reflected existing socio- racial hierarchies but also produced and reconfigured them in ways that have not been systematically researched. -
Beneath the Surface: Argentine-United States Relations As Perón Assumed the Presidency
Beneath the Surface: Argentine-United States Relations as Perón Assumed the Presidency Vivian Reed June 5, 2009 HST 600 Latin American Seminar Dr. John Rector 1 Juan Domingo Perón was elected President of Argentina on February 24, 1946,1 just as the world was beginning to recover from World War II and experiencing the first traces of the Cold War. The relationship between Argentina and the United States was both strained and uncertain at this time. The newly elected Perón and his controversial wife, Eva, represented Argentina. The United States’ presence in Argentina for the preceding year was primarily presented through Ambassador Spruille Braden.2 These men had vastly differing perspectives and visions for Argentina. The contest between them was indicative of the relationship between the two nations. Beneath the public and well-documented contest between Perón and United States under the leadership of Braden and his successors, there was another player whose presence was almost unnoticed. The impact of this player was subtlety effective in normalizing relations between Argentina and the United States. The player in question was former United States President Herbert Hoover, who paid a visit to Argentina and Perón in June of 1946. This paper will attempt to describe the nature of Argentine-United States relations in mid-1946. Hoover’s mission and insights will be examined. In addition, the impact of his visit will be assessed in light of unfolding events and the subsequent historiography. The most interesting aspect of the historiography is the marked absence of this episode in studies of Perón and Argentina3 even though it involved a former United States President and the relations with 1 Alexander, 53. -
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project AMBASSADOR ROBERT F. WOODWARD Interview
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project AMBASSADOR ROBERT F. WOODWARD Interviewed by: Charles Stuart Kennedy Initial interview date: May 5, 1987 Copyright 1998 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Background Impact of Foreign Ser ice Childhood Foreign Ser ice Salary during depression Buenos Aires Language Training Bogot#, Columbia 1936 - 1937 ,ecruiting from humble backgrounds Origin of drafting skills DC- posts .ational /ar College Ambassador to Costa ,ica 1901-1902 Appointment Preparation for position3 Ellis Briggs, Larry Duggan, Spain Costa ,ican highway project CIA6s awareness of impending in asion .icaraguan in asion of Costa ,ica Airplane attack and OAS6s re7uirement for planes ,etaliatory air raid on Nicaragua CIA6s attitude toward Costa ,ica6s Figueres go ernment Embassy staff Ambassador to 8ruguay 1902-1961 Problems with wool trade 8ruguay6s sei9ure of 8.S. packing plants Castroism and anti-8.S. sentiments 8.S. policy toward 8ruguay Cross ties case -eeting representational costs 1 Finding wholesale scotch supplies President Eisenhower6s isit ,ole of CIA Ambassador to Chile 1961 Bay of Pigs Alliance for Progress Visit from Ellis Briggs and Adlai Ste enson Dean ,usk6s offer of Assistant Secretary for Latin American Affairs Assistant Secretary for Latin American Affairs 1961-1962 ,eturn to /ashington .ature of 8.S. ambassadors to Latin America Alliance for Progress meeting First of December -assacre Hickenlooper Amendment3 withholding aid from Haiti Colombian resolution and the break the Castro -
Presentation of Credentials to the Hon'ble President of the Republic Of
Embassy of Bangladesh Riyadh, KSA PRESS RELEASE (22 December 2016) Presentation of Credentials to the Hon’ble President of the Republic of Sudan H.E. the Ambassador of Bangladesh in Riyadh KSA has visited Republic of Sudan from 17-21 December 2016 to present the Letter of Credence to His Excellency the Hon’ble President of the Republic of Sudan. His Excellency Mr. Golam Moshi, the Ambassador of Bangladesh has presented the Letter of Credence to His Excellency Mr. Omar Hassan Ahmed Al-Bashir, the Hon’ble President of the Republic of Sudan on 19 December 2016 at 11:30am. During his presentation of Credentials H.E. the Ambassador of Bangladesh has delivered a speech highlighting the salient feature of the development of Bangladesh. His Excellency the Hon’ble President of the Republic of Sudan has warmly accepted the Letter of Credence. Then His Excellency the Hon’ble President has discussed with H.E. the Ambassador of Bangladesh about further enhancing the relations between Bangladesh and Sudan as well as in economic cooperation between Bangladesh and Sudan. During the visit H.E. the Ambassador of Bangladesh has met with H.E. Prof. Ibrahim Ghandour, the Hon’ble Foreign Minister of the Republic of Sudan on 18 December 2016, H.E. Prof. Musa Tibin Musa Adam, the Hon’ble Minister for Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries & Rangelands and H.E. Osama Faisal Elsayed Ali, the Hon’ble State Minister for Ministry of Investment of the Republic of Sudan on 20 December 2016 and H.E. Osman Ahmed Fadul Wash, the Hon’ble Minister for Ministry of International Cooperation of the Republic of Sudan on 21 December 2016. -
Index to the US Department of State Documents Collection, 2010
Description of document: Index to the US Department of State Documents Collection, 2010 Requested date: 13-May-2010 Released date: 03-December-2010 Posted date: 09-May-2011 Source of document: Freedom of Information Act Officer Office of Information Programs and Services A/GIS/IPS/RL US Department of State Washington, D. C. 20522-8100 Fax: 202-261-8579 Notes: This index lists documents the State Department has released under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) The number in the right-most column on the released pages indicates the number of microfiche sheets available for each topic/request The governmentattic.org web site (“the site”) is noncommercial and free to the public. The site and materials made available on the site, such as this file, are for reference only. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals have made every effort to make this information as complete and as accurate as possible, however, there may be mistakes and omissions, both typographical and in content. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information provided on the governmentattic.org web site or in this file. The public records published on the site were obtained from government agencies using proper legal channels. Each document is identified as to the source. Any concerns about the contents of the site should be directed to the agency originating the document in question. GovernmentAttic.org is not responsible for the contents of documents published on the website. -
Seduced Copies of Measured Drawings Written
m Mo. DC-671 .-£• lshlH^d)lj 1 •——h,— • ULU-S-S( f^nO District of Columbia arj^j r£Ti .T5- SEDUCED COPIES OF MEASURED DRAWINGS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA Historic American Building Survey National Park Service Department of the Interior" Washington, D.C 20013-7127 HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDINGS SURVEY DUMBARTON OAKS PARK HABS No. DC-571 Location: 32nd and R Sts., NW, Washington, District of Columbia. The estate is on the high ridge that forms the northern edge of Georgetown. Dumbarton Oaks Park, which was separated from the formal gardens when it was given to the National Park Service, consists of 27.04 acres designed as the "naturalistic" component of a total composition which included the mansion and the formal gardens. The park is located north of and below the mansion and the terraced formal gardens and focuses on a stream valley sometimes called "The Branch" (i.e., of Rock Creek) nearly 100' below the mansion. North of the stream the park rises again in a northerly and westerly direction toward the U.S. Naval Observatory. The primary access to the park is from R Street between the Dumbarton Oaks estate and Montrose Park along a small lane presently called Lovers' Lane. Present Owner; Dumbarton Oaks Park is a Federal park, owned and maintained by the National Park Service of the Department of the Interior. Dates of Construction: Dumbarton Oaks estate was acquired by Robert Woods Bliss and Mildred Barnes Bliss in 1920. At their request, Beatrix Jones Farrand, a well- known American landscape architect, agreed to undertake the design and oversee the maintenance of the grounds. -
Vietnam January-August 1963
III. BEGINNING OF THE BUDDHIST CRISIS, MM 9-JUNE 16: INCIDENT IN HUE, THE FIVE BUDDHIST DEMANDS, USE OF TEAR GAS IN HUE, SELF- IMMOLAHON OF QUANG DUC, NEGOTIAl-IONS IN SAIGON TO RESOLVE THE CRISIS, AGREEMENT ON THE FIVE DEMANDS 112. Telegram From the Consulate at Hue to the Department of State’ Hue, May 9, 1963-3 p.m. 4. Buddha Birthday Celebration Hue May 8 erupted into large- scale demonstration at Hue Radio Station between 2000 hours local and 2330 hours. At 2245 hours estimated 3,000 crowd assembled and guarded by 8 armored cars, one Company CG, one Company minus ARVN, police armored cars and some carbines fired into air to disperse mob which apparently not unruly but perhaps deemed menacing by authorities. Grenade explosion on radio station porch killed four chil- dren, one woman, Other incidents, possibly some resulting from panic, claimed two more children plus one person age unknown killed. Total casualties for evening 8 killed, 4 wounded. ’ I Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 25 S VIET. Secret; Operational Immediate. Received at 8:33 a.m. 2 At 7 p.m. the Embassy in Saigon sent a second report of the incident to Washing- ton, listing seven dead and seven injured. The Embassy noted that Vietnamese Govern- ment troops may have fired into the crowd, but most of the casualties resulted, the Embassy reported, from a bomb, a concussion grenade, or “from general melee”. The Embassy observed that although there had been no indication of Viet Cong activity in connection with the incident, the Viet Cong could be expected to exploit future demon- strations. -
John Davis Lodge Papers
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/ft9c6007r1 Online items available Register of the John Davis Lodge papers Finding aid prepared by Grace Hawes and Katherine Reynolds Hoover Institution Library and Archives © 1998 434 Galvez Mall Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305-6003 [email protected] URL: http://www.hoover.org/library-and-archives Register of the John Davis Lodge 86005 1 papers Title: John Davis Lodge papers Date (inclusive): 1886-1987 Collection Number: 86005 Contributing Institution: Hoover Institution Library and Archives Language of Material: English Physical Description: 288 manuscript boxes, 27 oversize boxes, 3 cubic foot boxes, 1 card file box, 3 album boxes, 121 envelopes, 2 sound cassettes, 1 sound tape reel, 1 sound disc(156.6 Linear Feet) Abstract: Correspondence, speeches and writings, dispatches, reports, memoranda, clippings, other printed matter, photographs, sound recordings, and motion picture film relating to the Republican Party, national and Connecticut politics, and American foreign relations, especially with Spain, Argentina and Switzerland. Digital copies of select records also available at https://digitalcollections.hoover.org. Creator: Lodge, John Davis, 1903-1985 Hoover Institution Library & Archives Access Boxes 310-311 closed. The remainder of the collection is open for research; materials must be requested at least two business days in advance of intended use. Publication Rights For copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Library & Archives. Acquisition Information Acquired by the Hoover Institution Library & Archives in 1986. Preferred Citation [Identification of item], John Davis Lodge papers, [Box no., Folder no. or title], Hoover Institution Library & Archives. Alternate Forms Available Digital copies of select records also available at https://digitalcollections.hoover.org. -
Hightstown Girl Scout Thriled in Puerto Rico
; ' An Independent Newspaper Devoted to the Interests of the People of Hightstown and East Windsor 123RD Y E A R -N o. 9 HIGHTSTOWN GAZETTE, MERCER COUNTY, NEW JERSEY, THURSDAY, AUGUST 26, 1971 PRICE—FIVE CENTS U. S. Senator Name Tindall Classroom Assignments For Grades 6-12 Hightstown Post Office Classroom assignments f o r Heads Dems EWT Branch students in 6th grade through Gets Change in Plans; hi^h school in the East Windsor Parley Here Regional School District which Bank Manager opens Tuesday, September 7, Nothing Is Seen in 1972 were released today by Dr. John U. S. Senator (N. J.) Harrison A The Board of- Directors of the Hunt, superintendent of schools. | Plans for a mew $500,000 Post Of Williams, Jr., will be the guest First National B ilk of Hightstown The lists are published on fice in Hightstown which would announces the appointment of Paul pages three <tnd four of this Deputy Mayor speaker at the East Windsor Town also serve East Windsor Township, D. Tindall as branch manager of the week’s issue of The Gazette. ship Democratic Club's fall dinner- have been deferred, U. S. Postal new East Windsor Office located at It includes unit leaders, home dance, to be held at the V.F.W. Service officials disclosed in Wash the corner of Prihceton-Hightstown room teachers, room number, Levels Blast Post 5700, Dutch Neck road, Satur ington over the weekend. road and Old Trenton-Cranbury school, etc. day, October 2. Robert E. Isaacs o f the Office road. It officially opened Saturday. -
Ministry of External Affairs from 1903‐1972
List of declassified files of the Ministry of External Affairs from 1903‐1972 PROTOCOL Compiled by IDSA Library 1, Development Enclave, Rao Tula Ram Marg, New Delhi‐110010 Visit us: www.idsa.in PROTOCOL S.No. Subject File No Branch Year Meeting of the Committes of Council and Discussion Progs., regarding summary no 1 of the Commonwealth Nos. PROTOCO 1 1946 Relations, External Affairs, Home and War Dept. for 97(24)- L the month ending 14th July, 1946. P.T, 19467 Progs., Foreign Office Circular regarding the intentions of Nos. PROTOCO 2 H.M.G. in regard to the future of information work in 1946 9735)-P.T, L Foreign countries. 19467 Progs., Disposal of private and official funds of the Japanese Nos. PROTOCO 3 1946 consular officers in India. 1(33)-PT, L 1946 Progs., Priority air passage for Mr. P.H. Stent, Consul of Nos. PROTOCO 4 1946 Nanking Embassy, for U.K. 199(124)- L P.T, 1946 Progs., Question of flying the Congress flag over India Nos. PROTOCO 5 1946 House London. 10(114)- L PT, 1946 Progs., Nos. PROTOCO 6 Polish refugees in India., 1946 10(78)-PT, L 1946 Progs., Seal passages for miss Millson, Sister, and Doctor Nos. PROTOCO 7 Doeu, Lady Medical officer, Bahrain Govt. Hospital, 1946 198(97)- L from Bombay to Bahrain. P.T, 1946 Progs., Re-Organisation of the Central Govt. Deptt. and re- Nos. PROTOCO 8 1946 Allocation of Department business 10(144)- L PT, 1946 Progs., Statement by Cabinet and H.E. the Viceroy 16th Nos. PROTOCO 9 1946 June 1946. -
1938 to 1946
,!\' ''.j COUNCIL ON "' FOREIGN RELATIONS, !Ne. 'i? BY-LAWS WITH A LIST OF OFFICERS & MEMBERS January First, r938 45 EAST SIXTY-FIFTH STREET New Tor~ j OFFICERS PURPOSE NORMAN H. DAVIS President THE Council on Foreign Relations is a non-par- tisan and non-commercial organization studying EDWIN F. GAY the international aspects of America's political, eco Vice-President nomic, and financial problems. It is not a trade organization and has no connection with any political ALLEN w. DULLES WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON party. Its membership is composed of men of many Secretary Treasurer I professions, with a variety of interests and views. II WALTER H. MALLORY The Council holds meetings and conferences. It also carries on a program of research and publication. Executive Director The Council publishes the quarterly reyiew, DIRECTORS FoREIGN AFFAIRS, which has established itself as the Retiring I938 most authoritative journal dealing with international relations. ' FRANK ALTSCHUL STEPHEN P. DUGGAN The research staff of the Council prepares an JOHN w. DAVIS LEON FRASER {'.i annual survey of the foreign relations of the United HAROLD w. DODDS OWEN D. y OUNG States, an annual political handbook of the world, and individual volumes on special international Retiring I9J9 questions. ALLEN w. DULLES RussELL C. LEFFINGWELL The Council maintains a reference library in charge EDWIN F. GAY GEORGE 0. MAY of a competent staff. PHILIP c. JESSUP FRANK L. PoLK The Council House is at 45 East 65th Street, New York, where all the organization's activities are Retiring I940 centered. HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG NoRMAN H. DAVIS Oz.b{?5 ISAIAH BOWMAN WHITNEY H. -
Africa: National Secvrity Files, 1961-1963
THE JOHN F. KENNEDY NATIONAL SECURITY FILES AFRICA: NATIONAL SECVRITY FILES, 1961-1963 UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS Of AMERICA A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of The John F. Kennedy National Security Files General Editor: George C. Herring AFRICA National Security Files. 1961-1963 Microfilmed from the holdings of The John F. Kennedy Library, Boston, Massachusetts Project Coordinator Robert E. Lester Guide compiled by Blair Hydrick A microfilm project of UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA An Imprint of CIS 4520 East-West Highway • Bethesda, MD 20814-3389 Library of Congress Cataloglng-in-Publlcation Data The John F. Kennedy national security files. Africa [microform]. "Microfilmed from the holdings of the John F. Kennedy Library, Boston, Massachusetts; project coordinator, Robert E. Lester." Accompanied by printed reel guide compiled by Blair D. Hydrick. Includes index. 1. Africa-National security-Sources. 2. United States-National security-Sources. I. Lester, Robert. II. Hydrick, Blair. III. John F. Kennedy Library. IV. University Publications of America. [UA855] 355'.03306 88-119 ISBN 1 -55655-001 -4 (microfilm) CIP ISBN 1-55655-003-0 (guide) Copyright® 1993 by University Publications of America. All rights reserved. ISBN 1-55655-003-0. TABLE OF CONTENTS General Introduction•The John F. Kennedy National Security Files: "Country Files," 1961-1963 v Introduction•The John F. Kennedy National Security Files: Africa, 1961-1963 ¡x Scope and Content Note xi Source Note xii Editorial Note xii Security Classifications xiii Key to Names xv Abbreviations List xxix Reel Index Reel 1 Africa 1 Reel 2 Africa cont 15 Algeria 25 Reel 3 Angola 33 Chad.. ; 41 Congo•General 43 Reel 4 Congo•General cont 50 Reel 5 Congo•General cont 73 Congo•Cables 84 Reel 6 Congo•Cables cont , 98 m Reel 7 Congo•Cables cont :..: 129 Dahomey 146 Ghana 151 ReelS Ghana cont 155 Reel 9 Ghana cont 184 Guinea '194 Reel 10 Guinea cont 208 Ivory Coast 214 Libya 221 Mali 221 Morocco..