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Slum Clearance in Havana in an Age of Revolution, 1930-65
SLEEPING ON THE ASHES: SLUM CLEARANCE IN HAVANA IN AN AGE OF REVOLUTION, 1930-65 by Jesse Lewis Horst Bachelor of Arts, St. Olaf College, 2006 Master of Arts, University of Pittsburgh, 2012 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2016 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH DIETRICH SCHOOL OF ARTS & SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by Jesse Horst It was defended on July 28, 2016 and approved by Scott Morgenstern, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science Edward Muller, Professor, Department of History Lara Putnam, Professor and Chair, Department of History Co-Chair: George Reid Andrews, Distinguished Professor, Department of History Co-Chair: Alejandro de la Fuente, Robert Woods Bliss Professor of Latin American History and Economics, Department of History, Harvard University ii Copyright © by Jesse Horst 2016 iii SLEEPING ON THE ASHES: SLUM CLEARANCE IN HAVANA IN AN AGE OF REVOLUTION, 1930-65 Jesse Horst, M.A., PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2016 This dissertation examines the relationship between poor, informally housed communities and the state in Havana, Cuba, from 1930 to 1965, before and after the first socialist revolution in the Western Hemisphere. It challenges the notion of a “great divide” between Republic and Revolution by tracing contentious interactions between technocrats, politicians, and financial elites on one hand, and mobilized, mostly-Afro-descended tenants and shantytown residents on the other hand. The dynamics of housing inequality in Havana not only reflected existing socio- racial hierarchies but also produced and reconfigured them in ways that have not been systematically researched. -
Beneath the Surface: Argentine-United States Relations As Perón Assumed the Presidency
Beneath the Surface: Argentine-United States Relations as Perón Assumed the Presidency Vivian Reed June 5, 2009 HST 600 Latin American Seminar Dr. John Rector 1 Juan Domingo Perón was elected President of Argentina on February 24, 1946,1 just as the world was beginning to recover from World War II and experiencing the first traces of the Cold War. The relationship between Argentina and the United States was both strained and uncertain at this time. The newly elected Perón and his controversial wife, Eva, represented Argentina. The United States’ presence in Argentina for the preceding year was primarily presented through Ambassador Spruille Braden.2 These men had vastly differing perspectives and visions for Argentina. The contest between them was indicative of the relationship between the two nations. Beneath the public and well-documented contest between Perón and United States under the leadership of Braden and his successors, there was another player whose presence was almost unnoticed. The impact of this player was subtlety effective in normalizing relations between Argentina and the United States. The player in question was former United States President Herbert Hoover, who paid a visit to Argentina and Perón in June of 1946. This paper will attempt to describe the nature of Argentine-United States relations in mid-1946. Hoover’s mission and insights will be examined. In addition, the impact of his visit will be assessed in light of unfolding events and the subsequent historiography. The most interesting aspect of the historiography is the marked absence of this episode in studies of Perón and Argentina3 even though it involved a former United States President and the relations with 1 Alexander, 53. -
The New-York Historical Society Quarterly Bulletin
THE NEW-YORK HISTORICAL SOCIETY QUARTERLY BULLETIN VOL. VI OCTOBER, 1922 No 3 GRACE CHURCH, NEW YORK, 1850. BROADWAY AT TENTH STREET NEW YORK: 170 CENTRAL PARK WEST PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY AND ISSUED TO MEMBERS • '-• .>.y.,..;,. l^;. £.« _^;. #. -%-^jffi i|)|i|^jy|gih( THE NEW-YORK HISTORICAL SOCIETY, 170 CENTRAL PARK WEST (Erected by the Society igo8 ) Wings to be erected on the 76th and 77th Street corners OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY- Elected January 6, 1920, for Three Years, ending 1923 PRESIDENT FOREIGN CORRESPONDING SECRETARY JOHN ABEEL WEEKES ARCHER MILTON HUNTINGTON FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT DOMESTIC CORRESPONDING SECRETARY . WALTER LISPENARD SUYDAM ARTHUR CURTISS JAMES SECOND VICE-PRESIDENT RECORDING SECRETARY WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN STUYVESANT FISH THIRD VICE-PRESIDENT TREASURER WALTER JENNINGS R. HORACE GALLATIN FOURTH VICE-PRESIDENT LIBRARIAN FRANCIS ROBERT SCHELL ALEXANDER J. WALL* * Elected to succeed Robert H. Kelby, now Librarian Emeritus. SAMUEL LOUDON (1727-1813) {Merchant, Printer and Patriot) WITH SOME OF HIS LETTERS Samuel Loudon, said to have been born in Scotland in 1727, lived the greater part of his life in New York. To antiquarians he is best known as a printer, for he established and printed one of New York's important newspapers, The New York Packet and the American Advertiser, which he began on January 4, 1776, and in 1784 changed to Loudon's New York Packet. Upon the occupa tion of the City by the British in September, 1776, he removed to Fishkill, where he continued its publication. Through the courtesy of Dr. Austin Baxter Keep, the Library secured photostat copies of thirteen letters written by Samuel Loudon between the years 1767 and 1795, the originals of which are in the pdssession of the Peck Library of the Norwich Free Academy, Norwich, Conn. -
1 the Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project AMBASSADOR CECIL B. LYON Interviewed
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project AMBASSADOR CECIL B. LYON Interviewed by: John Bovey Initial interview date: October 26, 1988 Copyright 1998 A ST TABLE OF CONTENTS Early career System of promotion in Foreign Service areer officers v. political appointees uba 1931 Economic and political discontent Issuing visas Hong Kong 1932-1933 Trachoma hinese section of Hong Kong Scattering ashes in the Seven Seas To)yo 1933 Japanese reverence for emperor Relations ,ith Japanese Embassy postings policies Sambo and the emperor Pe)ing 1934-193. Japanese invasion Playing polo hinese response invasion E/periences ,ith hinese coolie hiang Kai-she) American civilians in Pe)ing Order for hile hile 193.-1943 Ambassador Norman Armour Inauguration and E/-president Alessandri 1 1S attitude to,ard hile Disparity in income distribution Ambassador 2o,ers Pearl Harbor attac) 1S pressure on hile to brea) relations ,ith A/is 3ice-President 4allace5s visit Attempted meeting bet,een 4allace and Alessandri hilean political situation airo 193.-1943 King Farou) President Roosevelt5s visit Ibn Saud 2ritish presence in Egypt River Plate Affairs 1946-194. Rio Treaty 1947 Revolution during the 2ogota onference8 2ogotaso 4arsa, 194.-1950 2erlin airlift Post-,ar 4arsa, Relations ,ith Poles Disappearance of the Field family Polish airports Polish reaction to Korean 4ar atholicism in Poland 2erlin 1951-1954 Spandau prison ontrast bet,een East and 4est 2erlin Soviet-1S relations in 2erlin Ta)ing Adlai Stevenson to East 2erlin State Department 1954-1955 Mc arthyism Relations ,ith Secretary Dulles and Adenauer Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Latin American Affairs hile 1956-195. -
Remembering the Civil War in Wisconsin Wisconsin's Famous
SPRING 2011 Remembering the Civil War in Wisconsin Wisconsin's Famous Man Mound BOOK EXCERPT A Nation within a Nation r-^gdby — CURIOUS TO LEARN MORE ABOUT YOUR COMMUNITY'S HISTORY? hether you are curious about your community's ist, how to preserve or share its history, or ways i meet and learn from others who share your terests, the Wisconsin Historical Society can -ielp. We offer a wide variety of services, resources, and networking opportunities to help you discover the unique place you call home. STA7 SATISFY YOUR CURIOSITY wiscons history. WISCONSIN HISTORICAL SOCIETY V I WISCONSIN HISTORICAL SOCIETY Division Administrator & State Historic Preservation Officer Michael E. Stevens Editorial Director Kathryn L. Borkowski Editor Jane M. de Broux Managing Editor Diane T. Drexler Research and Editorial Assistants Rachel Cordasco, Jesse J. Gant, Joel Heiman, Mike Nemer, John 2 Loyal Democrats Nondorf, John Zimm John Cudahy, Jim Farley, and the Designer Politics and Diplomacy of the Zucker Design New Deal Era, 1933-1941 THE WISCONSIN MAGAZINE OF HISTORY (ISSN 0043-6534), by Thomas Spencer published quarterly, is a benefit of full membership in the Wisconsin Historical Society. 16 A Spirit Striding Upon the Earth Full membership levels start at $45 for individuals and $65 for Wisconsin's Famous Man Mound institutions. To join or for more information, visit our Web site at wisconsinhistory.org/membership or contact the Membership by Amy Rosebrough Office at 888-748-7479 or e-mail [email protected]. The Wisconsin Magazine of History has been published quarterly 24 A Nation within a Nation since 1917 by the Wisconsin Historical Society. -
162 Congressional Record-House
162 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JANUARY 7 He also, from the Committee on Post Offices and Post RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE, UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURTS Roads, reported favorably the nominations of several post Mr. LAMBETH. Mr. Speaker, from the Committee on masters. Printing I report back favorably <H. Rept. No. 1663) a reso The PRESIDING OFFICER. The reports will be placed lution and ask for its immediate consideration. on the Executive Calendar. The Clerk read as follows: EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED House Resolution 395 The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. NEELY in the chair), as Resolved, That 9,000 additional copies of House Document 460, current session, entitled "A letter from the Attorney General of in executive session, laid before the Senate messages from the United States transmitting the Rules of Civil Procedure for the the President of the United States submitting several nomi District Courts of the United States," be printed for the use of the nations, a treaty, and a convention, which were referred to House document room. the appropriate committees. Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield (For nominations this day received, see the end of Senate for a question? proceedings.) Mr. LAMBETH. I yield. RECESS Mr. COCHRAN. Does not the gentleman feel that it Mr. BARKLEY. I move that the Senate take a recess until would be fairer to the Members of the House if the dis 11 o'clock tomorrow morning. tribution were through the folding room· instead of the The motion was agreed to; and (at 5 o'clock and 10 min House document room? This is a very, very · important utes p.m.) the Senate took a recess until tomorrow, Satur- document. -
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project AMBASSADOR ROBERT F. WOODWARD Interview
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project AMBASSADOR ROBERT F. WOODWARD Interviewed by: Charles Stuart Kennedy Initial interview date: May 5, 1987 Copyright 1998 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Background Impact of Foreign Ser ice Childhood Foreign Ser ice Salary during depression Buenos Aires Language Training Bogot#, Columbia 1936 - 1937 ,ecruiting from humble backgrounds Origin of drafting skills DC- posts .ational /ar College Ambassador to Costa ,ica 1901-1902 Appointment Preparation for position3 Ellis Briggs, Larry Duggan, Spain Costa ,ican highway project CIA6s awareness of impending in asion .icaraguan in asion of Costa ,ica Airplane attack and OAS6s re7uirement for planes ,etaliatory air raid on Nicaragua CIA6s attitude toward Costa ,ica6s Figueres go ernment Embassy staff Ambassador to 8ruguay 1902-1961 Problems with wool trade 8ruguay6s sei9ure of 8.S. packing plants Castroism and anti-8.S. sentiments 8.S. policy toward 8ruguay Cross ties case -eeting representational costs 1 Finding wholesale scotch supplies President Eisenhower6s isit ,ole of CIA Ambassador to Chile 1961 Bay of Pigs Alliance for Progress Visit from Ellis Briggs and Adlai Ste enson Dean ,usk6s offer of Assistant Secretary for Latin American Affairs Assistant Secretary for Latin American Affairs 1961-1962 ,eturn to /ashington .ature of 8.S. ambassadors to Latin America Alliance for Progress meeting First of December -assacre Hickenlooper Amendment3 withholding aid from Haiti Colombian resolution and the break the Castro -
Seduced Copies of Measured Drawings Written
m Mo. DC-671 .-£• lshlH^d)lj 1 •——h,— • ULU-S-S( f^nO District of Columbia arj^j r£Ti .T5- SEDUCED COPIES OF MEASURED DRAWINGS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA Historic American Building Survey National Park Service Department of the Interior" Washington, D.C 20013-7127 HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDINGS SURVEY DUMBARTON OAKS PARK HABS No. DC-571 Location: 32nd and R Sts., NW, Washington, District of Columbia. The estate is on the high ridge that forms the northern edge of Georgetown. Dumbarton Oaks Park, which was separated from the formal gardens when it was given to the National Park Service, consists of 27.04 acres designed as the "naturalistic" component of a total composition which included the mansion and the formal gardens. The park is located north of and below the mansion and the terraced formal gardens and focuses on a stream valley sometimes called "The Branch" (i.e., of Rock Creek) nearly 100' below the mansion. North of the stream the park rises again in a northerly and westerly direction toward the U.S. Naval Observatory. The primary access to the park is from R Street between the Dumbarton Oaks estate and Montrose Park along a small lane presently called Lovers' Lane. Present Owner; Dumbarton Oaks Park is a Federal park, owned and maintained by the National Park Service of the Department of the Interior. Dates of Construction: Dumbarton Oaks estate was acquired by Robert Woods Bliss and Mildred Barnes Bliss in 1920. At their request, Beatrix Jones Farrand, a well- known American landscape architect, agreed to undertake the design and oversee the maintenance of the grounds. -
Allied Relations and Negotiations with Spain A
Allied Relations and Negotiations With Spain A. From Spanish "Non-Belligerency" to Spanish Neutrality1 Shortly after the outbreak of the War in September 1939, Spanish dictator General Francisco Franco released an official decree of neutrality in the conflict, despite his open ideological affinity with the Axis leaders who had provided him with critical support in the Spanish Civil War. Nevertheless, he hovered on the brink of intervention on the side of the Axis through much of 1940 and 1941, and even contributed a force of Spanish volunteers estimated to be as many as 40,000, known as the Blue Division, which served as the German 250th Division on the Russian Front from mid-1941 until October 1943. The possibility of Spanish belligerency was premised on an early German victory over Britain and on German agreement to Spanish territorial expansion in Africa into French Morocco and perhaps even in Europe at the expense its neighbors, Vichy France and neutral Portugal. The United States and Britain joined in a continuing effort to keep Franco's Spain out of the War by providing essential exports like gasoline and grain to prop up the Spanish economy, which had been in a state of collapse since the end of the Spanish Civil War. The close ideological and political ties between the Franco dictatorship and those of Germany and Italy were never misapprehended by the United States and Britain. After 1941 Spain drifted gradually from imminent belligerency toward a demonstratively pro-Axis neutrality. Spain cooperated with the Allies in humanitarian efforts, allowing safe passage through Spain of downed Allied fliers, escaped Allied prisoners, and civilian refugees, including Jews.2 The nature of Spain's neutrality in World War II turned in significant measure on Allied and Spanish perceptions of the danger of German invasion. -
George Pearse Ennis Born: 1884, St
George Pearse Ennis Born: 1884, St. Louis, Mo. Died: 28 August 1936, Utica, New York George Pearse Ennis, a prominent early-twentieth century American artist, was known for his landscapes, marines, mural decorations, and achieved an international reputation for his watercolors. After turning down an appointment at West Point to become an artist, Ennis studied in St. Louis at the Art School of Washington University, the St. Louis Art Museum, the Holmes Art School of Chicago, and under William Merritt Chase at his school in New York. Among the many awards Ennis received for his work were prizes at the Salmagundi Club, including the Shaw Prize, in 1922, 1923 and 1925; the Kramer Prize of the Art Institute of Chicago in 1922; the Isador Prizes in Watercolor and Pencil Drawing in 1924; the William Church Osborn Prize in 1926; the Gallatin Prize for landscape in 1927; the Dana gold medal from the Philadelphia Water Color Club in 1931; a prize at the Wilmington Watercolor Club in 1931; a prize at the New York Watercolor Club in 1932; and the Zabriskie Prize of the American Water Color Society in 1934. Ennis founded the Eastport School of Art in Maine in 1922, and was a founder of and taught at the Grand Central Painters and Sculptors Gallery and School of Art in New York. In 1929 he was appointed Head of the John and Mable Ringling Art Museum at Sarasota, Florida. In October 1932, Ennis opened the George Pearse Ennis School of Painting in New York City. He was a member of the Allied Artists of America, the American Watercolor Society, the Aquarelists, the Artists Aid Society, the Artists Fund Society, the Boston Art Club, the Florida Fine Arts Association, the Guild of American Painters, the New York Architectural League, the New York Watercolor Club, of which he was elected president in 1933, the New York Society of Painters, and the Salmagundi Club. -
Volume 34, Number 2, 2012
Kansas Preservation Volume 34, Number 2 • 2012 REAL PLACES. REAL STORIES. Historical Society Legislative Wrap-Up Historic preservation supporters spent much of the 2012 Kansas legislative Newsletter of the Cultural session advocating for the state historic preservation tax credit program amidst Resources Division Kansas Historical Society a vigorous debate over Kansas tax policy. On May 22 Governor Sam Brownback signed a comprehensive tax-cut bill that lowers personal income tax rates and eliminates state income taxes on the profits of limited liability companies, Volume 34 Number 2 subchapter S corporations, and sole proprietorships. Although the plan Contents eliminates many tax incentives, the historic tax credit program remains intact. 1 Regarding the Partnership Historic Sites donation tax credit program, there Kansas Preservation Alliance Awards was legislative support for continuing the program; however, it was not included 10 in the final bill. The program sunset in accordance with the existing statute on National Register Nominations June 30, 2012. 15 State Rehabilitation Tax Credit Read more: 18 Save the Date – Preservation Symposium kansas.com/2012/05/22/2344393/governor-signs-bill-for-massive. 19 html#storylink=cpy Project Archaeology Unit Find a copy of the bill: kslegislature.org/li/b2011_12/measures/documents/ hb2117_enrolled.pdf KANSAS PRESERVATION Correction Several sharp-eyed readers noticed the population figures listed in “A Tale of Two Published quarterly by the Kansas Historical Cities” article in the volume 34, number 1 2012 issue, mistakenly switched the Society, 6425 SW 6th Avenue, Topeka KS 66615-1099. figures for the African American population with those for all of Wichita. The Please send change of address information corrected figures for African Americans in Wichita are: page 14, 1880: 172 African to the above address or email Americans; 1890: 1,222; 1900: 1,289; 1950: 8,082. -
American University Library
BLOCKADE BEFORE BREAD: ALLIED RELIEF FOR NAZI EUROPE, 1939-1945 B y Meredith Hindley Submitted to the Faculty of the College for Arts and Sciences of American University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy In H istory Chair: Richard Dr-Breitman Anna K. Nelson Weslev^K. Wdrk Dean of^ie CoHegeMArtsand Sciences D ate 2007 American University Washington, D.C. 20016 AMERICAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: 3273596 Copyright 2007 by Hindley, Meredith All rights reserved. INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. ® UMI UMI Microform 3273596 Copyright 2007 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. © COPYRIGHT by Meredith Hindley 2007 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. BLOCKADE BEFORE BREAD: ALLIED RELIEF FOR NAZI EUROPE, 1939-1945 BY Meredith Hindley ABSTRACT This study provides the first analysis of Allied relief policy for Nazi-occupied territories— and by extension Allied humanitarian policy— during the Second World War.