N. Y. Jailing o f CORE Leader MILITANT Threat to A ll Rights Forces Published in the Interests of the Working People By William Bundy NEW YORK, April 29 — The Vol. 28 - No. 18 Monday, May 4, 1964 Price 10c savage, 13-month sentence meted out two days ago to Arnold Gold- wag, community relations director of Brooklyn CORE in a trespass­ ing case, is an attem pt by this DeBerry, in Chicago Debate, city’s power structure to intimi­ date all civil-rights demonstrators. It signalizes the officials’ new Hits Major Parties on Rights “get tough” policy towards the entire civil-rights movement. This policy began in earnest on the CHICAGO, April 24 — Clifton cation. Nothing the Democratic opening day of the World’s Fair DeBerry, Socialist Workers Party Party proposes w ill change any of with the deliberate setting of a candidate for President, ended a that.” bloody precedent in the brutal and unnecessary clubbings of subway highly successful week of cam­ Asserting that Congress was demonstrators by the Transit paigning in this area April 22, now considering civil-rights legis­ with a debate on “Which Road Authority police. (See adjacent lation not because of the human­ story.) for Negro Political Action?” De­ itarian impulses of liberal Demo­ Berry’s opponent was Timuel crats but because of the continu­ Brooklyn CORE is the first and Black, chairman of the Chicago ing direct-action struggle of the foremost target of reprisals by chapter of the Negro American black people, DeBerry declared: this city’s courts, cops and politi­ Labor Council and a leader in the “Demands made in these dem­ cians. It was Brooklyn CORE’s local movement called Protest at onstrations require political solu­ call for a stall-in which precipi­ the Polls. tion. The Freedom Now movement tated the publicity and demonstra­ Black supported the position of needs a political arm. The Demo­ tions which made civil-rights the Protest at the Polls in entering cratic Party is not it! Freedom in Photo for Bob Greger overriding theme of the opening of the World’s Fair. Democratic Party primaries to op­ this country is incompatible with BINDING THEIR WOUNDS. Mrs. Elaine Bibuid, well-known civil- pose such figures as Congressman the present social order. The Free­ rights fighter, prepares head wound of CORE demonstrator in The reprisals are directed ini­ W illiam Dawson. dom Now movement began be­ New York City for treatment. The young man was savagely tially at the militant spearhead of cause of the do-nothing policies the civil-rights offensive in this Contrasting an independent clubbed by Transit Police during a demonstration in subway the power bloc to an independent par­ of the Democratic Party. To tell city. The aim is to break off the day the World’s Fair opened. City police then put bloodied and ty, he stated, “The civil-rights this movement to stay in the movement’s point, its cutting edge. injured demonstrators in .cells so packed there was no place to movement . . . has certainly Democratic Party is a betrayal of The liberal politicians, alarmed heightened a very severe weak­ the direct-action struggle of the sit and denied them medical attention for long periods. by the trend of demonstrations to ness in our system. Somehow our last few years!” expose them for not enforcing system-does need revamping. This Calling independent political ac­ existing laws against discrimina­ I w ill not challenge. The economic tion a powerful unifying force for tion and segregation, are trying system of competitive capitalism the Negro struggle, DeBerry char­ How Transit Police Clubbed .to blunt the whole civil-rights is not the system which w ill af­ acterized participation in the movement. Because some of the ford the greatest good for the most Democratic Party primaries as more conservative sections of that people. But I’m not sure that a taking part in a “test run for the movement’s leadership have en­ third party will meet the chal­ machine.” He said that any sup­ World’s Fair Demonstrators gaged in irresponsible public criti­ port of the Democratic Party and lenge of bringing about the neces­ By Bob Greger cism of Brooklyn CORE over tac­ sary change.” any attempt to channel support tical differences, the local power ' Black agreed that there was lit­ away from independent political At 7 p.m. Wednesday morning, tenements in satisfactory condi­ structure thinks the movement is tle difference between the two action and back into the two-party April 22, a group of young people tion; 3) immediate integration of divided and that it can with im­ major parties but felt this was be­ structure was, in reality, support from CORE gathered on the 74th junior and senior high schools punity strike at the exposed van­ cause of the lack of a third force for the actions and policies of the St.-Broadway IRT elevated plat­ and a timetable for the desegre­ guard. to bully them into living up to Southern Democrats. form in Queens. They were part gation of all New York City their campaign promises. As far The SWP presidential candidate of those who had responded to the schools; and -4) creation of a cit­ The Real Target as a third party was concerned, explained this by pointing out that call issued by Brooklyn CORE for izens’ review board, composed of he said: “A third party would as long as Democrats are a ma­ demonstrations on the opening day members of minority groups, to Let no one have any illusions weaken the strength of the Negro jority in Congress, those Demo­ of the World’s Fair. investigate all complaints of police about this. It is the entire civil- because he would not be able to crats with the most seniority w ill The demonstrations in the sub­ b ru ta lity. rights movement which is the use the bargaining power of the control all committees that have way system were parallel in aim The demonstrators were them­ target of the courts, cops and threat of going from one party to anything to do with civil rights — to the proposed stall-in on the selves about to get an intensive politicians who have shown noth­ another.” and those with the most seniority highways — to persuade people education on police brutality from ing but contempt for state and city He also expressed a fear that come from the one-party South. not to go to the Fair’s opening or New York’s transit police. laws against discrimination in the the Negro would isolate himself He closed by urging all those to discourage them from going by All of the information which construction industry as well as from potential allies by breaking who are sincerely for Freedom the prospect of the delays they follows was given to The Militant in other fields. from the two parties and also be­ Now to engage in independent would meet in travel. The tech­ in interviews with young people It was Brooklyn CORE which cause such a party would have an political action, supporting inde­ nique and justification was to con­ who participated in the demon­ first sparked the picketing last “implicitly nationalistic tone.” pendent black candidates for of­ front the passengers and those strations described and had been summer at the Downstate Medical In contrast to those views, Clif­ fice and attempting to guide the who worked in the subway system beaten and arrested or had per­ Center construction site in an at­ ton DeBerry strongly advocated direction of the movement from with the plight of the Negro in­ sonally witnessed the beating and tempt to get enforcement of the independent Negro political action. inside rather than standing on the habitants of the New York Metro­ arrests of fellow-demonstrators. state law against discrimination in He pointed out' that the Negro has sidelines. politan area and the demonstra­ A 21-year-old NYU student employment on such projects. The voted as a bloc for many years, DeBerry also spoke to hundreds tors’ four demands to end the sit­ described how the transit police NAACP has just now announced first for the Republican Party and of college students at Northwest­ uation. had beaten him and a young wom­ a forthcoming series of construc- then, since the time of the New ern, Elmhurst, Roosevelt, and Il­ These were: 1) im mediate h a lt­ an out of a doorway of .-the Flush­ tion-site demonstrations to force Deal, for the Democrats. He went linois Institute of Technology on ing of construction on all sites ing train they and 20 other Brook­ Mayor Wagner and Governor on to say, “ On the basic question, the real issues in the 1964 election until the work forces on them lyn CORE demonstrators were in. Rockefeller to apply the laws very little has changed. Within campaign. The SWP banner bear­ were fully integrated; 2) legaliza­ “The cops started in whamming against discriminatory hiring on 100 years whether it was under er’s presence and statements in tion of rents strikes, that is, the our hands, arms, legs with their these public projects. But both a Republican or a Democrat, the Chicago received good radio and withholding of rent from land­ clubs . . . hitting the girl on the mayor and governor have shown Negroes have been the last hired newspaper coverage. lords who refuse to maintain their (Continued on Page 5) they have no intention of upset­ and the first fired, they still live ting the prevailing patterns by in­ in ghettos, go to inadequate voking the law if they can pos­ schools and receive inferior edu- A CRUEL FRAUD ON POOR sibly avoid doing so. Thus the reprisals against Johnson’s Popgun ‘War’ on Poverty (Continued on Page 5) By Art Preis that automatically enters the “af­ between 40 million and 50 million. New Blow If the Americans who live in fluent society.” A nd he makes clear that he seeks A t Goldwag poverty were to walk past the I give my example of* the to avoid any accusation of exag­ W hite House one every second, 60 marching line of misery to pro­ gerating. NEW YORK, April 30 — every m inute, 3,600 every hour, vide a graphic measuring rod for Leon H. Keyserling, who was As w e go to press it is re ­ 86,400 every day, they would the staggering dimensions of pov­ chairman of President Truman’s ported that frame-up victim make a continuously ■ marching erty in this country even in terms Council of Economic Advisers, Arnold Goldwag has been line of suffering humanity for of the most conservative statistics. stated as recently as Aug. 5, 1962, sent to Bellevue Hospital’s in a New York Times Magazine 365 days and 365 nights. In that The figure of 32 million poor, psychiatric ward and re­ article, that 77 million Americans time, 31,536,000 men, women and which is consistently cited in the portedly declared “paranoid.” children would have marched be­ government press handouts and “still live in poverty or lesser In a telephone statement, fore President Johnson’s door. echoed in all the commercial news­ deprivation. And the end of the line would papers, is a gross under estimation The late Houdini, the great Dwayne Dey, who is sub­ still not be in sight. of the extent of poverty in the magician, used to make only one stituting for Goldwag as For the Johnson administra­ United States. But it’s still larger woman disappear at a time. But Community Relations Direc­ tion’s own' extremely conservative than the populations of most of President Johnson, in announcing tor for Brooklyn CORE, said: figures place at least 32 million the nations of the world. his “war on poverty,” made tens “We know Arnold is not people in the poverty bracket. Michael Harrington in The of millions of the poor and de­ crazy and we’re behind him That’s the number of people Other America, a penetrating stu­ prived vanish with one political 100 per cent. The one they flourish. whose fa m ily income? are less dy of poverty in this wealthiest ought to put in the psychia­ than $3,000 a year. A n d any fam ­ country of all, estimates the actual Just to show the kind of sta- tric ward is Mayor Wagner.” Clifton DeBerry ily that earns a dollar more than number of the impoverished at (Continued on Page 3) Page Tw o THE MILITANT Monday, M ay 4, 1964 Edward Shaw Hits How Mass Action Put a Dent Administration on In S.F. Auto Row Jim Crow SAN FRANCISCO — Over 2,000 Cuba Overflights students and workers, Negro and Vietnam Protest white, descended on Auto Row Saturday, April 18, in the biggest Slated in S.F. Officials of the railroad operat­ hour, fo r switchm en to $2.90 an civil-rights demonstration in this SAN FRANCISCO — The ing craft unions are characterizing hour, and roughly a four per cent city’s history. This was the se­ San Francisco Ad Hoc Com­ quel to the mass sit-ins of the the settlement reached between increase for other crafts. mittee to End U.S. Interven­ previous Saturday when 226 dem­ union and company negotiators at # * * tion in Vietnam announced onstrators had been arrested. the W hite House A p ril 22 as a Longshoremen picketed the After that the Auto Dealers Asso­ that Vincent Hallinan and modest victory for the unions. Guantanamo water shuttle at the ciation broke off negotiations with Sterling Hayden would be (Operating crafts work on mov­ dock in Port Everglades, Fla., last the NAACP, which was spear­ among the speakers at its ing trains.) There were some ex­ week to protest the use of non­ heading a united front with CORE May 2 demonstration. The ceptions, however. Joseph Kene- union workers in hooking-up and and the Ad Hoc Committee. The rally w ill be preceded by a fick, a Brotherhood of Railway disconnecting the w ater hoses to auto dealers maintained their week of picketing in down­ Trainmen official, said the settle­ • the tanker Sum-aico. The ship car­ adamant pose all week as civil- town San Francisco where ment terms regarding work rules ries water to the U.S. Naval Base rights forces made preparations were “not satisfactory” and pickets w ill carry the com­ at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. for an even bigger Saturday sit- threatened a strike on the New * * * mittee’s slogan, “No More in. York Central Railroad. Kenefick Koreas, Get Out of Vietnam.” The United Auto Workers’ Gen­ One auto dealer, however, broke said he had received many calls eral Motors, Ford and Chrysler Parallel demonstrations have from workers complaining about the united front of Auto Row. Council will meet in Detroit be­ James Wessman of the Lincoln been planned for New York, the settlement, but decided to can­ tween May 20 and May 23. The Minneapolis, Tallahassee and cel the strike call because union Mercury Agency, who said he al­ councils are supposed to draft the Madison, Wis. president Charles Luna refused to ready had members of minorities specific demands to be asked of employed in positions of respon­ authorize the walkout. each corporation in this year’s The settlem ent does not deal sibility, declared that he would negotiations for new contracts. arrived with a police escort and with the question of the elimina­ hire more Negroes and make his Some 400 delegates from General announced the terms over a police tion of railroad firemen on Diesel Edward Shaw plant available for training sales­ Motors locals, 175 from Ford'lo­ men and mechanics. Wessman, loudspeaker. freight engines. That issue is in cals, and 175 from Chrysler lo­ who is not a member of the Auto The settlement was a partial litigation and is almost sure to cals, w ill be involved in the meet­ NEW YORK, April 27 — “The Dealers Association, was blasted victory. The dealers signed a end in a defeat for the union and ings. warnings issued by Washington to by the other dealers. “pledge” that they would “reaf­ loss of tfens of thousands of fire­ A majority of General Motors the Cuban Government regarding firm that they are equal-oppor- men’s jobs. The White House set­ delegates are said to favor adopt­ the illegal overflights by U.S. V 9wed to Fight tunity employers,” make efforts to tlement — an “agreement in prin­ ing the “25-30-60” demand. (Re­ planes are additional proof that The ADA members vowed they recruit minority group employes; ciple” with further negotiations tirement at age 60 with two-thirds the imperialist mentality of the would never yield to pressure work with minority groups to set scheduled to iron out contract pension after 25 years service and United States toward Cuba re­ tactics. William Bradley, head of language — forestalled a strike full pension after 30 years.) But mains in full force,” declared So­ up training and apprenticeship the local CORE chapter, declared threatened because of a company a Detroit newspaper recently re­ cialist Workers Party vice-presi- programs, and give favorable con­ if the dealers did not resume ne­ offensive against established work ported that Reuther has already dential nominee Edward Shaw in sideration to graduates of these gotiations 2,000 demonstrators rules and pay scales. The settle­ agreed with Ford on a different a statement released today. “The courses. The dealers also pledged would turn out Saturday and Auto to inform the Mayor’s Interim ment blunts the company offen­ retirement provision — one re­ U.S. still considers itself Cuba’s Row “would get what it de­ sive, but does not stop it. The commended by a federal govern­ overlord, able to dictate how Committee on Civil Rights of pro­ served.” gress in implementing this pledge. companies gave up on their de­ ment committee. This plan would much or how little national sov­ mand to eliminate the system of As it became obvious that liter­ have older workers retire in ereignty that country may have.” Limited Agreement figuring pay on the basis of a phases, w orking part tim e and re­ The SWP candidate rebutted the ally hundreds of civil-rights fight­ “ mileage day.” But the agreement ceiving pensions part time. official U.S. argument that the ers were prepared to go to jail, The dealers did not promise to allows the companies to eliminate Reuther has denied making any overflights are “substitutes” for the city administration frantically hire any definite percentage of most stand-by crews on self-pro­ such prior agreement. UN inspection of Cuba secretly put pressure on the auto dealers Negroes, as the NAACP had pelled equipment and to use road * * * agreed on by Kennedy and to resume negotiations. Finally, at asked; and they did not deal di­ crews in yard work. A drive for a 30-hour week at Khrushchev during the 1962 crisis 9:30 a.m. Saturday, as thousands rectly with the civil-rights organ­ In addition to certain fringe no reduction in pay was author­ but rejected by the Cuban govern­ of demonstrators were preparing izations. Their pledge was made benefits, the settlement provides ized in resolutions passed at the ment. “It is a very weak excuse to converge on Auto Row, rep­ to the Mayor’s Interim Committee, wage increases bringing the flat recent convention of the Railway and not at all an explanation. The resentatives of the auto dealers sat not to the NAACP or CORE. Nor rate fo r conductors to $3.10 an Employees Department of the U.S. government has a stated po­ down with Dr. Thomas Burbridge, was any promise made to drop AFL-CIO. The drive w ill apply to licy that it intends to destroy the president of the San Francisco charges against the 226 demonstra­ the 160,000 railroad shop crafts­ current government of Cuba, and branch of the NAACP. tors arrested in the Auto Row men. RED officials said employ­ m ilitary reconnaissance flights are While the largest section of the sit-in. m ent in the ra il shops, where certainly part of this intention.” more than 2,000 demonstrators The agreement is a limited one, and w ill have to be tested in ac­ trains are serviced and repaired, No Authority marched in front of the Cadillac has dropped by 227,000 in 18 years. Agency, six more picket lines tion; but it is a victory for the Shaw pointed out that the CHICAGO I t was 387,374 in 1945. The unions paraded in front of the other most civil-rights fighters. The dealers are now negotiating for a ten per claimed “right” to fly over Cuba prominent showrooms. For over had intended to stick tough and THE MILITARY TAKE-OVER IN is without validity since Washing­ BRAZIL AND' WHY WASHINGTON cent wage increase. Union spokes­ three hours Van Ness Avenue, the let the demonstrators tire and ton has no authority to determine SUPPORTS IT. Speaker John Pederson. men say rail shop mechanics now auto-showroom street, was their forces dwindle. But they did Fri., May 8, 8 p.m. Debs Hall, 302 S. average $2.76 an hour, and the what means of defense Cuba may crowded as Times Square on New not tire through six weeks of Canal St. Ausp.: Friday Night Socialist average for all shopmen is $2.50. use. “ I f anyone has a m oral rig h t Year’s Eve, with pickets march­ stalled negotiations; and their to check on anyone, Cuba has that Forum. * * * ing, spectators milling about and forces grew stronger week by moral right. With much more rea­ • A pickle packer in Montgomery, contingents of demonstrators mov­ week. So Mayor Shelley put pres­ son, Cuba could demand the right DETROIT Ala., tried to use convict votes to ing from one agency to another. sure on the auto dealers. Now defeat the Retail, Wholesale, and to fly its reconnaissance planes the hiring pledge has to be im­ THE CRISIS IN BRAZIL Speaker: over Nicaragua, Guatemala, Flo­ Ready to Move Sarah Lovell. Fri., May 8, 8 p.m. Debs Department Store Union in a re­ plemented by action — and soon rida, Louisiana, Texas, and the H all. 3737 Woodward. Ausp.: Friday cent NLRB election. While negotiations were going — or demonstrators will be back rest of continental United States”^ Night Socialist Forum. Louis Whitfield, owner of the on there was no call given to enter on Auto Row. * * * W h itfie ld P ickle Co., arranged fo r — the staging and launching points for the A pril 1961 invasion. the showrooms, though a thousand M eanwhile the cases of almost HEAR SOCIALIST VIEWS ON RADIO. the convicts to be driven 100 miles pickets, willing to risk arrest, 500 civil-rights demonstrators ar­ President Johnson’s attitude in Every Monday, 7:15-7:30. p.m. Station from a state prison farm in At- were ready to move in at a signal. rested at the Sheraton-Palace declaring “we w ill have to main­ W Q R S-FM (105.1) more, Ala., to participate in the The panic-stricken auto dealers for Hotel and the Cadillac Agency are tain our overflights and any action voting. the most part locked their doors starting to move through the on their part to stop that would Pickle packer Whitfield made — thus locking out customers on courts. MINNEAPOLIS be a very serious action,” Shaw one mistake: he didn’t import the busiest shopping day of the THE ROLE OF THE USSR IN THE denounced as “arrogant in the ex­ enough convicts, and RSDWU won week. Single Trial Denied WORLD SOCIALIST REVOLUTION. treme, hypocritical at best.” the election by a vote of 85 to 75. When word spread that an Speaker: Joteph Johnson. Fri., May 8, The U.S. government has threat­ Defense lawyers, headed by agreement had been reached, all 8:30 p.m. 704 Hennepin Ave., Room ened to shoot down any Cuban Vincent Hallinan, demanded a 240. Ausp.: Friday Night Socialist Forum. pickets converged on the Cadillac planes that fly over U.S. territory; mass jury trial for all defendants, * * * Minneapolis Meeting agency to hear the details. The the U.S. does not even allow Cuba but this was refused by the judges. MARK LANE speaks on THE U N ­ crowd completely blocked traffic to send passenger- flights over its Instead, the defendants are being ANSWERED QUESTIONS IN THE OS­ To Hear Mark Lane one way on Van Ness Avenue, a territory, Shaw pointed out. But tried in groups of ten and 15. Six WALD CASE. W ed., May 13, 8:30 p.m. MINNEAPOLIS — Mark Lane, major thoroughfare. Dr. Burbridge the U.S. Federal Aviation Author­ trials are now going on simultane­ Natural History Auditorium, University New York attorney and prominent ity has taken upon itself the right ously. As chief defense counsel, of Minnesota. Donation: $1.00. Ausp.: spokesman for the innocence of Friday Night Socialist Forum. Hallinan is expected to dash from Lee Harvey Oswald, will speak to authorize U.S. planes’ passage over Cuba! Memphis Cops Jail courtroom to courtroom. here at 8:30 p.m. May 13 on “ The The SWP vice-presidential can­ The judges are insisting that the Unanswered Questions in the Os­ N EW YORK didate feels that the American Interracial Group defendants be present even during wald Case.” The meeting, which FRIDAY, M A Y 8 — Symposium on people have been left out of the the jury selection although this w ill take place at the Natural His­ Police in Memphis, Tenn., have MASS CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE FOR U.S.-Cuba exchange. “They just means many students may fail CIVIL RIGHTS. Panelists: DAVE DEL­ tory Auditorium at the University been arresting groups of whites hope Johnson won’t be provoked their courses. In two courts, juries LING ER, Editor of Liberation; ARNOLD of Minnesota, is sponsored by the and Negroes simply on complaints into starting something. They have been selected and testimony G O L D W A G , Community Relationns Di­ Friday Night Socialist Forum. of social mixing. An example was know he’s perfectly capable of is being heard. In the other four, rector, Brooklyn CORE; THELMA Lane presented a brief to the the April 5 arrest of four Ne­ H A M IL T O N , Exec. Sec. Parents W ork­ going to the brink of war time and juries have not yet been chosen Warren Commission several groes and ten whites in the home shop fo r Equality in N.Y.C. Schools; time again.” ' after three days. At the rate the months ago in which he refuted of a Memphis State University art RUDOLPH JONfeS, D irector Bronx C om ­ “Until the U.S. allows Cuba to firs t batch of cases is m oving it point by point all the “proof” professor. They were seated, lis­ munity Council on Housing, Rent Strike; inspect U.S. territory for prepara­ will be a long, hot summer be­ which had been leaked to the tening to a recording of poetry, JAMES SHABAZZ, Aide to Minister tions for hostility, the Cuban gov­ fore all are completed. Malcolm X; ROBERT VERNON, Con­ press in order,to convict Oswald when police entered with a war­ ernment would be justified in trib u to r to The M ilita n t. 116 University without a trial. He has spoken on rant taken out by K. B. Taker, a shooting down U.S. planes flying PI. 8:30 p.m. Contrib. $1. Ausp.: Militant the case to liberal, left, and cam­ white bus driver. Charged with “The whole history of the'pro­ over Cuban territory,” Shaw con­ Labor Forum. pus audiences across the country. “disturbing the peace,” and finger­ gress of human lib e rty shows that * * * cluded. Originally merely upholding “the printed, they were locked up until all concessions yet made to her FRIDAY, M A Y 15 — REV. ALBERT presumption of innocence,” he they could procure bail. This was august claims have been born of B. CLEAGE, Militant Black Nationalist "I am proud, of the fact that I leader of Detroit's Freedom Now Party, now believes Oswald to have had the second such arrest in the pro­ earnest struggle . . . If there is no will speak on WHY THE NEED FOR no connection at all with Ken­ never invented weapons to kill.” — fessor’s home. In both cases, the struggle, there is no progress’’ — THE FREEDOM NOW PARTY. nedy’s assassination. Thomas Alva Edison (1847-1931) charges were dismissed in court. Frederick Douglas (18177-1895). Monday, May 4, 1964 THE MILITANT Page Three Twin Cities Memorial Meeting Meeting in N. Y. . . .Popgun 'War' on Poverty Held for Walter Hagstrom To Hear Panel of MINNEAPOLIS, April 15 — A in the International Association of Rights Fighters Machinists from 1916 to 1922. >He memorial speech was given here NEW YORK — A symposium was an organizer and negotiator tonight at the Socialist Workers on the question of “Mass Civil for the teamsters here during the P arty headquarters by V. R. Disobedience for Civil Rights” w ill 1930s. Dunne, state party chairman, for be presented under the auspices Walt was never slipshod nor his long-time friend and comrade, of the Militant Labor Forum, Fri­ Walter O. Hagstrom, Sr., who died light-minded in anything he did day, May 8 at 8:30 p.m. at 116 but took the same characteristic A p ril 6 at the age of 66. U niversity Place. Walt Hagstrom’s long years of thoroughness and pride in his The panelists who w ill present work whether operating a com­ dedication and effective work for various points of view on the sub­ the socialist and trade-union move­ plicated machine, organizing a pic­ ject will be Mrs. Thelma Hamil­ nic for the drivers’ union or put­ ment were recounted. He first be­ ton, Rudolph Jones, James Sha- ting on a children’s Christmas came a socialist as a young ap­ bazz and Robert Vernon. party at the Socialist Workers prentice machinist before World Also scheduled to participate Party headquarters. War I and became associated with was Arnold Goldwag, community, the Trotskyist movement at the Ace Negotiator relations director for Brooklyn time of the 1934 teamsters’ strikes CORE and one of the active in Minneapolis. He remained a He was a top notch union nego­ spokesmen of that group’s call for member of the Socialist Workers tiator, always determined to get a stall-in at the opening of the Party till his death, participating from the bosses the m axim um that New York World’s Fair. However, enthusiastically in its activities to the relationship of forces in the the harsh jail sentence recently the extent his health permitted. class struggle would permit. This imposed on him for his civil-rights was very different from what is Twice Blacklisted v. activities (see story, page 1) have seen so frequently today when the made it impossible for him to at­ Walt was a highly skilled ma­ “labor statesmen” act as arbitra­ tend. chinist, but because of his union tors between the bosses and the Mrs. Frances Crayton, vice and political activities, he was workers and lose at the bargain­ chairman of Brooklyn CORE, w ill blacklisted out of the industry at ing table much of what was or speak in Goldwag’s place. the time of World War I and then could have been won on the picket Mrs. Thelma Hamilton is Exec­ again when he had got back in it line. utive Secretary of th^ Parents’ after World War II. In the last period of his life Workshop for Equality in the New He w&s also one of the 28 lead­ Walt worked mainly as a chauf­ York City Schools, which is head­ ers of the Minnesota teamsters’ feur and gardener. A serious oper­ ed by Rev. Milton Galamison and unions and of the Socialist Work­ ation several years ago sapped his which was a key supporter group Committee for Miners Photo ers Party who were indicted under strength but not his lively good of both recent New York school the Smith Act for their opposition humor. Always a friendly, cheer­ WILL JOHNSON’S ‘WAR’ LIBERATE THEM? An unemployed boycotts. miner’s family in Whitesburg, Ky. An estimated three-fifths of to the drive to get us into the Sec­ ful guy, through all adversity he Rudolph Jones is an organizer the U.S. population live like this family — below the “modest-but- ond World War. However, the in­ never lost his faith in the socialist in the Harlem rent-strike and di­ dictment against him was dis­ future of mankind. Walt Hag­ rector of the Bronx Community adequate” standard. missed. strom is survived by his wife, Council on Housing. Comrade Hagstrom held office Ruth, and a son and daughter. James Shabazz is an aide to (Continued from Page 1) munity Council of Greater New Minister Malcolm X at Harlem’s tistical selection and manipulation York. Since McFadden’s interview, Muslim Mosque, Inc. that is being used to conceal the the council has published a new Robert Vernon is a contributor extent of poverty in the very name and higher figure. The April 13 Civil Liberties Union Backs to The Militant and author of the of a “war on poverty,” I want to New York Times reported that article, “White Radicals and Black compare two feature articles on the new budget is $125.51 a week SCEF Fight on 'Sedition' Law Nationalism,” which recently ap­ the subject that appeared in com­ fo r a fa m ily of four, or $6,526.52 peared in the International So­ peting afternoon newspapers in a year. This does not provide fo r WASHINGTON, D.C. — The review of a ruling against it in cialist Review. New York City. One is the liberal an automobile, major medical ex­ American Civil Liberties Union Louisiana. New York Post which is generally penses or significant savings, the has urged the U.S. Supreme Court SCEF is a Southtoide interra­ pro-administration; the other, the Times report adds. to rule on the validity of the cial organization working to end New York World-Telegram, w ith Of course, the great majority of Louisiana Subversive Activities segregation and discrimination. Lawyers Guild a more conservative and pro-Re- New York families have annual and Communist Control Act. A ll its records have been seized publican slant. incomes below this “modest but ACLU attorneys told the high and two of its officers are charged Both recently ran extensive adequate” standard. And that’s court that it “has the obligation with violating the subversive- Will Give Aid to series on poverty in New York true for the whole country. to lay down clear rules prevent­ activities law. The law partner of C ity. The Post series began: “One Johnson started his “war on ing! the destruction of Negro rights one of them is also accused. Miss. Project Million New Yorkers . . . one mil­ poverty” by grossly understating on they pretext that those who These men are Dr. James A. lion men, women and children of — falsifying — the actual extent claim them or defend them are Dombrowski, SCEF executive di­ DETROIT — The National Law­ New York who live in absolute of poverty. When we examine the subversive.” rector, Benjamin E. Smith, SCEF yers Guild launched its summer poverty.” The World-Telegram actual weapons with which he This plea was made in a brief treasurer, and Bruce Waltzer. Mississippi Project at a meeting series began: “Among us are the proposes to wage his “war,” we supporting the request of the Smith and Dombrowski are here on April 23. The project calls poor. Amid these sun-flecked can only gasp in astonishment at Southern Conference Educational charged with being officers of an for lawyers to participate in a spires, these glistening sky-scrap­ his brazen gall in representing Fund (SCEF), New Orleans, for organization cited by the House co-ordinated legal operation in ers and penthouses, they dwell In his program as even a skirmish Un-American Activities Commit­ cases arising out of the Mississippi a nether world of their own . . . against poverty. tee (HUAC). Smith and Waltzer voter-registration drive and other There are two million of them Of the $962.5 m illio n ear­ are charged with being members projects being organized by the barely able to make out.” marked in Johnson’s 1965 fiscal of the National Lawyers Guild, on Marcos Rodriguez Student Non-Violent Coordinating Both papers, it is true, call this budget for his “war on poverty” the ground that the G uild has Committee in co-operation with mass of misery “pockets of pov­ only about $500 million represents also been cited by HUAC. The the Mississippi Council of Fed­ erty.” But there’s a helluva dif­ new programs. Actually, the “war Executed in Cuba Louisiana law states that this is erated Organizations. The lawyers ference between a one-million chest” amounts to about one-half According to an April 18 AP all that is necessary to show a w ill defend without fees persons “pocket” and a two-million “poc­ of one per cent of the total budget dispatch, the Cuban radio has person is guilty of subversion. who would otherwise be without ket.” You would be right in as­ and equals less than one p6r cent announced the execution of Mar­ The ACLU brief supports legal defense. suming that tjiis is more than a cos Rodriguez Alfonso, following of the sum for direct military SCEF’s claim that Louisiana au­ A letter has been sent to all “statistical discrepancy.” spending. the appeal of his conviction by thorities are using the subversive- members of the Guild urging them The Post of Feb. 17 seeks to If the total sum proposed were the Cuban Supreme Court in Ha­ activities law as an excuse for to donate from a week to three conceal the true extent of poverty simply divided equally among the vana, two weeks ago. Rodriguez destroying a civil-rights organiza­ months of their time to the Missis­ even while lamenting the plight of poor, figuring them at 50 million, had been sentenced for betraying tion. Leading civil-rights advocates sippi Project. the poor. So here’s how it figures: it would provide each of them four members of the Revolution­ in the South are also supporting “One situation which cries out “ More than 850,000 liv e in fam ­ w ith less than $20 more per year. ary Student Directorate to Ba­ SCEF’s fight against the racist for remedy exists in Mississippi. ilies where total income is less Even if we used the figure of 32 tista’s police after they had been witch hunters. Of two million people living in involved in the March 13, 1957, than $2,000 a year. A nd 150,000 million poor, the money would that State, 900,000 are Negro; yet, attack on the dictator’s palace. single persons exist in lonely, amount to little more than $30 a only three Mississippi lawyers (all anonymous desolation earning less year apiece. The students were killed by the Negro) will handle civil-rights police. than $1,200 a year.” Washington is already spending cases,” said Ernest Goodman, De­ The March 19 World-Telegram, as much per year — $500 million The case caused widespread troit attorney and Guild national in the first of its series, reported — to aid the South Vietnam dic­ controversy in Cuba because of president. that “at least 25 per cent [of the tatorship against the insurgent Rodriguez’ connections with the The “Lawyers’ Peace Corps” city’s families] have less than Vietnamese people as Johnson former Popular Socialist (Com­ w ill be under the direction of the $4,000 a year, and 15 per cent less proposes to aid the tens of mil­ munist) Party of Cuba. Guild’s Committee for Legal As­ than $3,000. The $4,000 figure fo r lions of abject poor in this coun­ Faure Chomon, prominent mem­ sistance in the South, with George a fa m ily and $2,000 fo r an in ­ try. ber of the Cuban government and W. Crockett, Jr., of Detroit, and dividual are generally considered I read where United Automo­ a leader of the former Revolu­ Benjamin Smith, of New Orleans, the poverty line . . . bile Workers President Walter tionary Directorate, gave exten­ as co-chairmen, and George Down­ “Acting Labor Commissioner Reuther conceded that Johnson’s sive testimony at the trial. He ing of Detroit, and Len Holt of James M. McFadden says 1,850,- program was “inadequate” but asserted that Marcos’ act of be­ Washington, D.C., as co-secre­ 000 New Yorkers live in poverty nevertheless considered it a “good trayal was the fruit of “sectarian­ taries. below the $4,000 line, ‘and that beginning.” It may be a “good ism.” This charge was echoed by is understated; seven-person fam­ beginning” for a capitalist presi­ writers in the Cuban press. Great minds are to make others ilies can live in poverty on a dential campaign in an election Fidel Castro testified on the great. Their superiority is to be higher income.’ year. But it bodes no good for the final day of the trial, covering used, not to break the multitude “ Above the $4,000 line there is poor. It is a cheap, cruel fraud virtually every aspect of the sen­ to intellectual vassalage, not to a marginal shadowland where perpetrated on the desperate and sitive case, Castro attacked pro­ establish over them a spiritual ty­ many live between poverty and miserable. It should be branded paganda directed against former ranny, but to rouse them from bare adequacy. A family of four as such. PSP members, stating, “we must lethargy, and to aid them, to judge persons requires an annual income It is an attempt to minimize the concentrate on creating this tradi­ for themselves» of $6,200 to buy essential goods massive growth of the cancer of tion, that no one shall be abused William Ellery Channing, and services, McFadden says.” poverty in our “affluent society” by power, and that revolutionaries American Unitarian minister. This $6,200 figure was based on and to treat it with a quack rem­ w ill always be secure.” James Dombrowski (1780-1842) the 1962 findings of the Com­ edy. Page Four THE MILITANT Monday, M ay 4, 1964

Johnson and Khanh Can't Stop It THE MILITANT Rebel Power on Rise in Vietnam Editor: JOSEPH HANSEN Managing Editor: GEORGE LA VAN Business Manager: KAROLYN KERRY By Steve Graham killed in South Vietnam. He had w ritte n : Published weekly, except during July and August when published bi-weekly, The most important fact in all by The Militant Publishing Aj*'n„ 11# University PI., New York 3, N.Y. Phone the maneuvering around the war “I’ll bet you that anyone you CH 3-2140. Second-class postage paid at New York, N.Y. Subscription: $3 a year: in South Vietnam is the growing talk to does not know that Amer­ Canadian, $3.50; foreign, $4.60. Signed articles by contributors do not necessarily success of the guerrilla movement. ican pilots fight this war . . . The represent The Militant’s views. These are expressed In editorials. Vietnamese ‘students’ we have on War correspondent Jim Lucas board are airmen basics [trainees] reported in the April 10 New Y ork Vol. 28 - No. 18 345 Monday, M ay 4, 1964 . . . The only reason they are on World-Telegram that “nine out of board is in case we crash, .there ten Vietnamese in the Mekong is one American ‘adviser’ and one Delta [richest and most populous Vietnamese ‘student.’ ” part of the country] are con­ That Nuclear 'Cutback' The Republican move came on vinced the Communist Viet Cong the heels of Sen. Morse’s (D.-Ore.) The announcement from Washington of plans to reduce already have won the war.” Lucas raising of the question of Congres­ production of fissionable material for military purposes should said that revolutionary forces com­ sional approval of the war. Ac­ pletely control the countryside, cording to the U.S. Constitution not be taken for more than it is worth. while government control is lim it­ only Congress has the power to According to the April 18 New York Times this country’s ed to provincial capitals and iso­ declare war. Yet this country was production of fissionable materials already greatly exceeds the lated posts. put into the war in South Viet­ actual requirements of weapons production. There is a present UP1 combat correspondent Neil nam by administration action surplus of nearly $1 billion worth of enriched uranium and a Sheehan, just returned from Viet­ without any consultation of Con­ comparable surplus of plutonium. nam, writes in the April 27 New gress. C alling it “ McNamara’s York Tivies that in the vital Me­ Consequently, the newly proposed reduction is nothing more War,” Morse challenged the ad­ kong Delta “roughly 80 per cent of ministration to put participation than a cut-back of the production of su rp lu s fissionable material. BACK AT OLD STAND. In the peasantry now live in one in it before Congress for debate This can hardly be construed as a step toward diminishing the form or another under a Commu­ 1954 Tricky-Dicky Nixon was and a vote. He added that he was building of nuclear weapons. nist shadow government.” used by the Eisenhower admin­ “satisfied that American opinion istration to send up trial balloon In fact, President Johnson’s declaration of the cut-back fol­ ‘Never Told Truth’ w ill stop” continued participation lowed by less than a week an emphatic statement from the Pen­ about dispatching U.S. troops to in it. tagon that the United States continues to have increasing nuclear- “We never have been really fight in Indo-China to prevent On the other hand, presidential- weapon superiority over the Soviet Union. The Pentagon state­ told the truth in Washington final routing of French colonial­ aspirant Richard Nixon, after vi­ about South Viet Nam,” writes ists. Now he’s talking about ex­ siting South Vietnam and confer­ ment, in reply to charges of “m ilitary irresponsibility” by Senator columnist Henry J. Taylor in the tending war there into North ring there with Ambassador Hen­ Goldwater, claimed a strategic missile and aircraft lead on the A p ril 27 World-Telegram-. “ Since ry Cabot Lodge, issued a call for order of four to one over estimated Soviet strength. New Year’s Day the downhill slide Vietnam . an attack on North Vietnam. Since Even Air Force Chief of Staff, General Curtis LeMay, an has seen untold thousands of ham­ then Gov. Rockefeller has echoed advocate of first-strike counterforce capability for the United let militia . . . defect or simply The situation is dangerous, he ex­ Nixon’s desperate and dangerous States military, noted satisfaction with the current missile pro­ desert in fear and disgust, and our plained, because “ army elements, demand for spreading the war. gram, in recent testimony before the House Appropriations sub­ side controlling very little beyond if pressed too hard, are fully cap­ the center of Saigon and some able of turning against their own committee. provincial capitals.” government by plotting coupc While the U.S. m ilitary are armed to the teeth with nuclear Washington is particularly jit­ d’etat or defecting to the Com­ Seek to Victimize missiles capable of delivering terrible death blows anywhere in tery over the rebel force’s new munist Vietcong.” the world, of overkilling the world’s population umpteen times, capacity for positional warfare. With Khanh’s troops reluctant Haverford Student it is self-delusion to see as an important step towards peace the Guerrillas have taken on govern­ to fight and rebel attacks increas­ suspension of production of excess fissionable material. ment troops in battles lasting sev­ ing, more GI’s are being thrown eral days and shown coordination into combat. The result is a ca­ While manipulating the world’ desire for peace, the rulers For Vietnam Stand of units on a regimental level. sualty rate for U.S. troops double By Dick Roberts of the U.S. m ilitary-industrial complex continue to build the most A five-day battle near Kien Long last year’s. The U.S. is now suf­ disaster-prone war machine ever known. Endangering the Amer­ was a striking example of this fering three casualties a day and HAVERFORD, Pa. — The Vet­ ican people as much as “enemy” peoples, that machine w ill con­ shift from earlier hit-and-run tac­ one GI killed every three days. erans of Foreign Wars in Philadel­ stitute, until dismantled, the prime threat to mankind’s continued tics. Not to mention the $1.5 million phia has demanded that two stu­ existence. per day going to the “war effort.” dents of Haverford College be Secretary of Defense McNamara investigated because of their op­ admitted April 24 that guerrilla The drain on men and tax dol­ position to U.S. participation in activity had “increased dramat­ lars is having repercussions at the war in Vietnam. The informa­ ically” and dictator Khanh’s home. Republican floor leaders of tion was disclosed by the Student An Accurate Inference forces “ have been under consider­ both the House and Senate ac­ Committee to Send Medical Aid able pressure as a result.” In fact, cused the Johnson administration In Chicago’s recent Democratic Party primary for Con­ to the Front of National Libera­ the Saigon regime suffered its April 21 of concealing the fact tion of South Vietnam, of which gressional candidates, the incumbent, Congressman W illiam L. heaviest casualties of the war the that U.S. troops are actually fight­ the students are members. week of the Kien Long battle. ing, not just ‘^advising,” in Viet­ Dawson, who sided with the school board against civil-rights According to the committee, the nam. They also cited the increased demonstrators in the recent boycotts, was opposed by A. A. In an A pril 20 article, N.Y. Times VFW statement declared “these correspondent in Saigon, Peter casualty figures. Rayner, Jr. Rayner, who was active in the boycott movement, kids should be silenced.” Protest­ Grose, reported U.S. military per­ House floor leader Halleck (R.- ing this attack on their right to was backed by a coalition of the more m ilitant civil-rights leaders, sonnel are complaining about the Ind.) read excerpts from letters criticize American policy in Viet­ including Dick Gregory. low morale of government troops. written by an Air Force captain nam, the students replied, “It is The night before the election — which Dawson won by a not the sending of medical aid to the Liberation Front which two-to-one vote count — the civil-rights group sent a telegram ....SOCIALIST FUND iitiimmiiimiimmiimiiiimiiimiiimiiimiimiimiiiimiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiimi^ arouses the veterans’ anger, but to Democratic Party National Chairman John Bailey. It said in rather the public debate on Viet­ part: “If A. A. Rayner Jr. is not elected to office in the primary nam which might result.” race tomorrow and we find evidence of a single fraudulent vote Detroit the Pace-Setter So Far against our candidate or in favor of Rep. Dawson, we make this Inform American People solemn vow to promote a national boycott, by colored people, of By Marvel Scholl “If the American people were the entire Democratic slate in the November elections.” Fund Director fully informed about Vietnam,” We cannot agree that the way to advance the cause of civil Detroit jumped ahead of Min- printed we have been at the bot­ they continued, “American troops and military aid would be with­ rights is by running more m ilitant Negroes in Democratic (or Re­ neapolis-St. Paul this week with tom or close to it. This is an achievement and shows what we drawn immediately.” publican) Party primaries, but we wholeheartedly agree with the 79 percent! Looks as though a bit re a lly can do . . . One of our Subsequent to the committee’s inference by the civil-rights group in Chicago that anytime you of socialist competition is setting friends, who has already given statement, the Philadelphia Board get near the Democratic Party — North or South — you are run­ in — which is very good indeed. money, told us that in the past of Education announced that it ning into a nest of crooks. As of this week the fund col­ he has collected dollars for Demo­ would consider revoking the schol­ arship of one of the two students, lections are lagging by 15% — crats, then he collected dollars for Dobbs, and now he is going to Russel D. Stetler, a sophomore, we should stand at 51%. Despite visit his acquaintances and collect who had been awarded a full four- Fund Scoreboard the fact that two places — San dollars for DeBerry. We are sure year scholarship by the board. Francisco and Connecticut — have he w ill do just that.” In addition to participating in City Quota Paid Percent not been heard from at all, we are the Haverford Committee, Stetler Several of the cities doing the confident that the entire quota is chairman of an organization of D etroit $ 1,000 $ 792 79 best in collecting this national w ill be paid in full and on time. Eastern high-school and university Minneapolis-St. Paul 1,200 870 73 fund are also engaged in their 67 You w ill note that Newark upped students who plan a May 2 dem­ B altim ore 150 100 own drives to finance local elec­ its quota to $250 this week — onstration in New York against "Denver 250 148 59 tion campaigns — Denver, Min­ Chicago 1,800 1,100 59 and thus took a drop in percent­ U.S. participation in the Vietnam age despite the fact that additional neapolis, Detroit and soon, New War. Philadelphia 300 175 58 Y ork. As the Detroit fund direc­ money came in. It is said that fig­ Another member of the Haver­ Boston 850 490 58 to r puts it, “ a new s p irit is ures can’t lie but sometimes they ford committee, which is under St. Louis 100 55 55 abroad in the land." M ilw aukee 350 150 43 can give a very peculiar impres­ VFW attack, is Joseph Eyer, hold­ New Y o rk 5,800 2,518 42 sion! We ask our readers to get into er of a Westinghouse Science that “new spirit” and send in their San Diego 350 133 38 New Mettle Scholarship, in the annual West­ Seattle 600 172 29 contributions too. The money we inghouse science competition. Ten are raising in this campaign is Cleveland 600 148 25 Denver is certainly showing its thousand high-school students par­ vitally needed, not only for the Los Angeles 5,000 1,221 24 new mettle in this campaign. Pre­ ticipated in the annual contest; preliminary work in connection N ewark 250 47 19 viously this small group almost Eyer won a second-place, $5,000 with the national elections this A llentow n 150 25 17 always stayed at the bottom of the award. fall, but also for the day-by-day Oakland-Berkeley 500 35 7 list in'scoreboards, coming in with fight for socialism which the San Francisco 800 00 00 a rush at the last moment. This “A ll great reforms, great move­ SWP carries on all of the time. Connecticut 200 00 00 time they are working hard to ments, come from the bottom and General 300 131 43 stay above the national average. Send your Freedom Dollars to not the top . . . Wherever there is In commenting on Denver’s place 116 University Place, New York, a wrong, point it out to all the Totals through in the first scoreboard, the fund N.Y., 10003, They w ill be put to world, and you can trust the peo­ A p ril 27 $27,550 $8,310 36% director there, said: “In the past work immediately to further the ple to fight it.’’ — John Peter Alt- when the first scoreboard was cause in which we all believe. geld (1847-1902). Monday, May 4, 1964______THE M ILITA N T ______Page F ive LEARNING WITH A DIFFERENCE Oppose Prosecution Efforts Report on Cleveland’s Freedom Schools To Revive Indiana Witch Hunt Support continues to grow for them that in Africa, the people “This is the swingingest school By Constance Weissman the three socialist students in the CLEVELAND, Ohio, April 20 — have a hew feeling of dignity and I’ve been to yet! And I’m not the freedom so the poets sing of the one who deserves the applause, Bloomington Indiana “subversion” During the highly successful Ne­ case. This is true even though in ­ gro school boycott here today, I beauty of black men and women. you are. You have made this the “It is known as the ‘Negro aes­ most successful school boycott dictments against them were visited several of the Freedom thrown out by a local judge’s rul­ thetic,’ ” he said. ever held.” Then she announced Schools, set up for the pupils who ing March 20 that Indiana’s Mc- were boycotting their regular that there would be a youth rally Workers Jubilant at eight o’clock that night at the Carthy-era sedition law is uncon­ schools. stitutional. First stop was at a large settle­ At the CORE office, the work­ Corey Methodist Church. She The prosecution is appealing ment house (the other Freedom ers were jubilant over the suc­ asked the older people to stay that decision to the state supreme Schools were held in churches). cess of the boycott. A young girl home. “This is just for the stu­ court in the hopes that a reversal About 250 children there, ranging named Bonnie told us that they dents. Keep cool until tonight and from elementary to high-school had been working with only three save your energy for the rally!” would allow it to re-indict the age, were sitting in the audito­ hours sleep every 30 hours or so students. This makes continued Volunteer Teachers support for the defendants in this rium listening to a man with a for four days. This was the office case essential. German accent who was speak­ where tons of mimeographed ma­ Since most Cleveland teachers ing with great feeling. He had terial were gotten out, containing did not observe the boycott, the The student governments of read the students, a poem by instructions to Freedom Schools, teachers at the Freedom Schools Roosevelt University and the Uni­ Langston Hughes and asked if facts on Negro history, what to do were volunteers. Some of them versity of Chicago recently ex­ anyone knew what it meant. in an emergency, etc. had been a little worried about pressed such support by passing Hands went up. A boy answered: At the office of the United Free­ what they were going to say to resolutions protesting, as the “He means white people accept dom Movement, young people th e ir classes. However, the ch il­ Roosevelt resolution put it, “the our jazz and our art but don’t ask were sitting at desks with signs dren made th e ir task easy. A t one stubborn refusal of the prosecu­ us to th e ir homes.” on them saying “Mayor,” “Su­ class of 14-year-olds, led by an tion to admit defeat in its fruitless perintendent of Schools,” “City artist, the question under discus­ attempts to enforce an obviously Want ‘Good Life’ Too Council,” etc. sion was “Why is there such a unconstitutional law.” T om M organ prejudice against the Muslims?” A young girl read the next I was fortunate enough to ar­ Support From Abroad poem, “I, Too, Sing America.” A rive at one Freedom School just At another it was: “If we are sec­ ters elsewhere are also involved as Ruth Turner, executive secre­ ond-class citizens, why do we pay Support has also come from boy commented; “We would like in fund-raising activities. The to travel around America, too, but tary of Cleveland CORE, dropped taxes?” abroad. In England both the Na­ newest of these is at Indiana in on her rounds. She looked ex­ Jim Russell, chairman of the tional Association of Labour Stu­ we don’t get the chance.” The University itself where CABS sup­ teacher asked what Hughes meant tremely young and shy and stood Freedom Fighters and a “freedom dent Organizations and the Fourth porters have applied for campus for a while in a s^de aisle while teacher,” said one student sug­ National Conference of the Young by the lines: recognition of a local chapter. Its “They’ll see how beautiful I am the students, led by a chorus on gested that a referendum be held Socialists (the Labour Party youth nine-man executive committee in­ the stage, sang freedom songs. in Congress on “Should Negroes section) passed resolutions sup­ “And be ashamed—” cludes several prominent students. A girl’s reply was: “White people They had changed the words of be second-class citizens?” porting the Indiana students. Concern for civil*’liberties among don’t think we’re beautiful.” The “We Shall Overcome — Some­ The final piece of mimeographed The defendants are continuing students in Indiana has been teacher said that was because we day,” to “We Have Overcome — material to be handed out to the speaking tours to keep public greatly aroused by the case. This live in a white culture in this Today.” W hile they sang, they students was a doctor’s excuse for opinion aware of the danger of was graphically expressed by a country. “Have you learned in swayed from side to side, as did absence that day from the city’s revival of the witch hunt and to flood of letters disagreeing with school about the new African the student audience. public schools. It said: “ Reason raise funds to cover legal ex­ an editorial in the right-wing In­ poets?” he asked. The answer was When Miss Turner was intro­ fo r absence — ill. N ature of ill ­ penses previously incurred. dianapolis Star. The editorial had a roar of “ No’s.” He then told duced, they went w ild. She said, ness: Sick — sick of segregation.” Ralph Levitt, for example, recent­ argued that socialists should not ly spoke in Vermont at Goddard be allowed to present their views College and the University of Ver­ on campus. The S tar finally ran a mont, Adelphi College in New second editorial, reaffirming its . . . How Transit Cops Beat Demonstrators York and Wesleyan University in original position, but admitting Connecticut. that reader response had been (Continued from Page 1) she bent over him to apply a One demonstrator described the Unusual Stir overwhelmingly opposed to the hand, and I thought they had handkerchief, she was clubbed on spectators’ reactions to what was editorial. the upper and lower arm. Her happening on the platform: “The broken her fingers. They saw A scheduled speech by Levitt at Meanwhile, the daily paper in their aim wasn’t entirely effective. fellow demonstrators thought her people in the crowd had angry, Tufts University in Medford, Bloomington, seat of Indiana Uni­ arms had been broken. Both windows in the doors were disgusted faces at the police, who Mass., is causing an unusual stir versity, devoted two full columns broken. Asked whether the demonstra­ were hitting anywhere, anybody, on that campus. Student support to a , guest editorial on the civil- “ So they started jam m ing head- tors had provoked or fought the any place. It was like they were for the Committee to Aid the liberties issues in the case by the on with their sticks .. . We could police, the nurse said, “I’m five k illin g dogs. They even h it the Bloomington Students was ex­ well-known IU professor, Dr. Herb­ see them beating people further feet tall. There wasn’t a cop un­ women. pressed in donations of over $100 ert Muller, author of The Uses of down the platform . . . At the der six feet and double what I “When the cops dragged one girl to the local CABS chapter. Chap- the Past and a sponsor of CABS. next station the police pulled me weigh. We were in no position to out in front of me, they pulled out of the car.” assault the police bodily. There her out of her clothes; she told A 17-year-old student from was absolutely no provocation. me they were pulling her by her Brooklyn College related: “The They clubbed people without bra. Why didn’t they have police­ police went about their job with warning and indiscriminately.” women there? They manhandled . . . Jailing of CORE Leader great enthusiasm. First, a heavy- the women. I was standing on the (Contlnued from Page 1) demonstrations at the Downstate Injured Arm Handcuffed platform and this plainclothes de­ set Negro cop started kicking the Medical Center construction site demonstrators in the stomachs to tective came up to me and said, Brooklyn CORE are intended also The police then handcuffed the had been repeatedly postponed loosen people from the doors. One nurse by her injured arm to an­ ‘Stay right there or I’ll shoot.’ I as a direct warning to the NAACP about its projected construction- since last summer. After he issued person was holding onto the car other demonstrator over the protest couldn’t believe he was a detec­ the call for the April 22 stall-in tive, hearing him say that. I just site demonstrations. An unusually hand rail with one hand . . . The of both. After a half hour of ap­ at the World’s Fair, the court set police .started hammering down on walked away from him and went heavy and widely-publicized sen­ peals by other demonstrators, the April 22 as Brunson’s trial date. the rail. His knuckles were bleed­ down to where the others were tence such as that given Arnold cuffs were removed before she en­ The officials knew full well that ing. They were clubbing him on ' lying bleeding to see if I could Goldwag is designed to intimidate tered the police wagon. By this in all likelihood Brunson would his hand and head at the same time her arm had swollen rigid, help them. and demoralize the young activists who are depended on to provide be unable to appear in court on time. her fingers were blue and pro­ that day. When he did not appear “They were dragging another Clubbed On Ground the manpower for such demon­ truding stiffly. Ten hours later — even though the trials of many person and clubbing him at the strations whether they are spon­ she was offered two aspirin and, “The police were clubbing them defendants in the same case who same time. A few policemen held except for a temporary splint ap­ sored by NAACP, national CORE even after they’d fallen on the or any other civil-rights organiza­ did appear then were again post­ back, but most were dragging, plied by a police attendant before ground .. . I was against the wall poned — he was cited for con­ carrying, and beating us with tion. her appearance in court, she was tem pt and h it w ith $7,500 bail. clubs. There was no warning. given no medical attention for with this CORE photographer, It is common knowledge that They just started pushing and another eight hours until finally holding his lenses. I pointed out Goldwag was given the year sen­ Cynical Abuse of Power then using their clubs. released. what was happening, the clubbing tence principally because of his These are samples of the cynical advocacy of a stall-in at the “I was pushed out of the door The young man with the big . . . you could hear the sticks, abuses of power in store for the World’s Fair. Formally, he was and bounced into a wall. I was gash in his head was also refused man, crunching down. I said, get entire civil-rights movement in sentenced on the technical charge sitting on the platform under medical treatment. His head was a good picture of that cop. Then New York City, the political pre­ of parole violation. One of his guard when the same cop, who still bleeding when he entered the this other one hit me.” serve of the liberal Democrats. In had done the worst of the beating, 110th Police Precinct Station. The dozens of arrests as a civil-rights a statement issued at his sen­ Witnesses say the policeman walked over and stepped on my police refused to admit a lawyer, activist occurred last year in an tencing, Goldwag pointed out that had a pair of handcuffs wrapped legs. He stood over me for a mo­ doctor or clergyman to see him attempt to get the law against the court’s actions exposed “the around his fist, like brass knuckles. ment and then stepped down. I and at first maintained that none housing discrimination enforced. “This woman coming off the train hypocritical covering of so-called wriggled and tried to get my legs of the demonstrators were hurt. He was given a one-year suspended Northern liberality.” —she was a stranger, I never saw free. Another policeman came Dr. -George Kaufman, chairman sentence and three years proba­ Every one who is serious about her before — she threw me a pen over and clubbed me on the legs. of Queens CORE, who treated him tion at that time on charges of and shouted, ‘Get his badge /lum­ the fight for civil rights — re­ ‘Don’t you kick a policeman!’ he three days later, said as he re­ trespassing. Last week, Goldwag ber.’ ” gardless of his or her philosophy said. They called me ‘nigger moved the useless stitches from was convicted for participating in or ideas about the best tactics to lover.’ his head, “Stitches put in after He reached in his pocket and the Downstate Medical Center be employed — must protest the 12 hours are no good” (because held out the pen the woman spec­ demonstrations last summer where savage sentence given Goldwag Cut Off Air the edges of the wound die and tator had thrown to him. It was he was trying to get another anti- and rally to his defense. “Later, in the detention cells shrink away from the center after a blue plastic ball point. On it discrimination law enforced. This As school-boycott leader Rev. they shut off the fans and closed that period). The young man’s were the letters, ILGWU [Inter­ conviction then served as a tech­ Milton Galamison declared: “I’m the windows to stop us frorn sing­ head had been stitched 18 hours national Ladies Garment Workers nical pretext to declare that Gold­ sure it is prejudicial behavior on ing freedom songs. There were 17 after he was arrested — upon his U n io n ]. wag had violated parole. When the part of the court to use any to 23 people in a cell. There was release at 1 a.m. the next day. Later, in Magistrates Court, Goldwag fell to the floor in non­ means to inhibit participation in no room to sit down.” “If it was oil, we would have after describing his experiences to violent protest of the one-year our demonstrations . . . My feel­ Another demonstrator told how been rich — that’s how much he TV and newspaper reporters, this sentence, he was given an addi­ ing is that we may have to fill up he was smashed on the head and was bleeding,” a friend related. demonstrator was approached by tional 30 days for contempt of all these jails before this battle fell to the floor after having re­ Two cops, yelling “ you bastards,” a man in street clothes who asked court. is won.” ceived innumerable blows to the had suddenly charged him and if he wasn’t afraid of accusing In the case of Isiah Brunson, The entire civil-rights movement stomach and the groin. started clubbing. He told how the police of brutality? Hadn’t he chairman of Brooklyn CORE, there should rise in alarm and demand A young nurse found herself women in the train were crying heard about friends of policemen was an abuse of the court’s power of Democrat Wagner and Republi­ next to a youth, whose head at the sight of another boy bleed­ later beating up people who made to the point of entrapment. Brun­ can Rockefeller that Goldwag be wound was bleeding profusely. As ing profusely. such charges? son’s trial for participating in the freed immediately. Page Six THE MILITANT Monday, M ay 4, 1964 LONDON LETTER N.Y. Rally for Morton Sobell Southern Rhodesia Showdown Looms Hears Notables Urge Pardon NEW YORK — Some 800 peo­ and the powerful had no virtue.” By T. J. Peters ple attended a rally April 23 to Mrs. Morton Sobell spoke on the LONDON, April 18 (World demand a “citizens’ full pardon” plans of the committee to collect Outlook) — Southern Rhodesia is for Morton Sobell, who now is signatures for the citizens’ full on the verge of. a showdown crisis serving the fourteenth year of a pardon drive. She explained that between the new, extreme, white 30-year sentence on a flimsy es­ the meeting had cost $2,500 fo r racist government and the black pionage charge. Petitions demand­ preparation and advertisement, majority of the country, accord­ ing his release on the grounds of but they had been forbidden to ing to all reports arriving here. innocence — signed by 3,500 per­ take a collection. The penal banishment of African sons — were received by Sobell’s leader Joshua Nkomo and several The committee had considered a wife Helen. “collect-in” she said. “We would of his associates, ordered by Prim e A “citizen’s full pardon” is a Minister Ian Smith, has been have received far more publicity personal rejection of. the convic­ than we w ill now.” However, they taken by the people as the signal tion of. Sobell by a government for a coming proclamation of had confidence that their sup­ which claims to be a citizens’ gov­ porters would help make up the Southern Rhodesia’s “indepen­ ernment. The hope is to muster dence” from the British Common­ loss. (C ontributions can be sent several hundred thousand such to the Committee to Secure Jus­ wealth and establishment of a re­ “pardons” in order to pressure gime approximating apartheid, as tice For Morton Sobell, 940 Broad­ President Johnson to grant an of­ way, N.Y. 10, N.Y.) practiced in Verwoerd’s South A f­ ficial pardon. Prof. Fred Rodell of the Yale rica. Smith replaced the “mod­ Assembled at the Great Hall of Law School, said he did not know erate” racist Winston Field last Cooper Union, the meeting heard whether Sobell was innocent or week as prime minister in a a strongly-w orded message from not, but “the proof presented in further shift to the right forced the British playwright, Arnold court was so flimsy I don’t see by white extremists. Wesker. “ I t seems that Sobell’s how any juror could have voted recent request for a question of Protest Demonstration against his innocence.” clemency to be changed to a ques­ Hundreds of Negro women, with tion of ‘a full pardon based on my babies on their backs, took to the innocence and nothing else’ cannot streets Friday in a singing, danc­ be possibly interpreted as other ing, chanting protest demonstra­ SALUTE OF LIBERATION MOVEMENT. These South African than an extraordinary manifesta­ tion at the Parliament building tion of complete innocence,” Wes­ Negro women, defying Jim Crow regulations on a train, make that stirfed the center of Salisbury ker wrote. (the capital) to a sense of crisis. gesture of resistance against segregationist dictatorship in their He then raised a question in the The racist police arrested many country. Now Negroes in Southern Rhodesia, facing danger that minds of many: “How can the and gave displays of the kind of South Africa-type apartheid will be imposed in their land, are American authorities persistently brutality common to these sadists launching their own resistance fight. ignore such facts as the present everywhere. trial of Roy Cohn, one of Mc­ On Saturday, what have been 1953 to 1958, “pledged support to if this choice is left too late, the Carthy’s chief assistants and a leading prosecutor at the Rosen- described as “black commandos” the nationalists” (The Times, latter possibility may no longer retorted with raids on one of Sa­ berg-Sobell trial, who is him­ A p ril 18) and urged the w hite exist. lis b u ry ’s biggest department self facing charges which include government to negotiate a settle­ “ If the West fails to see in time stores. Arrests were made only ment with them. Time was short fraud and perjury?" that this is a case where self-in- after the city center was virtually to avoid tragedy, which was the Marshall Perlin, Sobell’s law­ turned into an armed police camp. only alternative, he said. He terest, quite apart from the moral yer, reminded his listeners that “Wild disorder” is reported from claimed many whites now felt as issues, obliges us to espouse the Sobell had been kept in jail by cause of revolution, the effect on the government for months be­ Bulawayo — Nkomo’s hometown he did. — and the African township in the influence of the West through­ fore being indicted. It would have Salisbury, with hundreds of shop Todd was forced out by Welen­ out the world may be dramatic. freed him, Perlin said, if he had windows broken and dozens of sky in 1958 when he urged “re­ If we simply do nothing or the pleaded guilty. cars stoned and overturned. thinking” by the whites and broke right thing too late, the West may Barrows Dunham, author of with racism. Welensky and his lose enough political credit, to-be­ Man Against Myth, recalled the In Northern Rhodesia, the new former associates are now said to African-majority government of come, itself, a minority influence atmosphere of Sobell’s conviction, be in the position then held by in world affairs.” when “the virtuous had no power Arnold Wesker Kenneth Kaunda has pledged all Todd, that is, for the “multi­ aid short of military to the sig­ racial” state with a “gradual” ac­ nificantly-named “People’s Care­ ceptance of black majority rule. iiiimiiiiiiiiliimHiiiMiiiuitimiiiitimiiiiiiimiiiiuiiiiiitiimimiuiiHimmmiiiiiiiiimuiimiu taker Council” headed by Nkomo. THE BELGIAN DOCTORS’ STRIKE Similar action is expected from the African government of Nya- LONDON, April 19 — For two saland, the third of the territories consecutive issues, The Observer, which constituted the now dis­ independent paper associated with They Fought for 'Right' to Gouge the Sick solved Central African Federation, the Astor newspaper interests, has by means of which British finan­ been advocating a blockade of The international medical com­ 10% deduction from each work­ ing its members from the hos­ cial interests had hoped to main­ South Africa by the United States bine has just lost another fight er’s paycheck is matched by an pitals. However, 3,500 reservists tain a bastion of white rule on the and Great Britain — which buy against “socialized medicine” as employer-contribution ranging donned their uniforms and re­ the overwhelming bulk of South continent. 10,000 Belgian doctors and 2,000 from 22 to 40%. These apparently ported for duty at the hospitals. African exports — in order to dentists and optometrists ended high employer rates are actually Some recalcitrants refused to do Tory Hopes force the racist Verwoerd govern­ their 18-day strike and went back fringe benefits won by the work­ any more than wear their uni­ ment out of office and to end ing class over the past 20 years. Britain’s Tory party, in all its to work. The settlement gave the forms.'These defiant doctors were apartheid there. This comes at a The Belgian capitalists, like their weeded out and sent to West Ger­ wings, hopes that the Smith gov­ physicians a promise of negotia­ time when the racist regime’s brothers in the rest of the “free" ernment in Southern Rhodesia w ill tions on 26 “objectionable” fea­ many as part of Belgium’s NATO cruel trials of leading nationalist world, have not “given” anything be forced by the storm to give tures in Belgium's new social se­ forces there. revolutionaries are committing it voluntarily. way quickly to a “broadly based curity law, but outright conces­ On April 18 Premier Lefevre to the dead-end road of total and center government” headed by the sions on only two of their main made two concessions to the strik­ ..all-out violence. Few Doctors notorious Sir Roy Welensky, who complaints — the rates of stand­ ers — a promise of upward revi­ left politics after the dissolution Aside from the m oral issues, the ardized fees, and additional free Belgium has a population of sion of the standardized fees and of the Central African Federation, -paper argues in today’s editorial, time for private practice. slightly more than 9 million — four afternoons per week for their claiming he was double-crossed the self-interest of the world cap- Belgian workers have been cov­ over half of whom are organized private practice. In a speet?h in by .the British. The Tories hope pitalist system dictates a policy of ered by almost total social security into trade unions. With only 10,- parliament, the premier promised' that they can thus gain about five opposing apartheid. since 1944 when the original law 000 doctors to serve the entire that the law’s basic principles years in which to give way slow­ - “With the whole Afro-Asian and was passed. This program provides population, it is easy to see that would remain intact. He further pledged that workers’ social-secu­ ly to a government of Southern Communist world ranged against unemployment insurance, sickness the scarcity of medical men would Rhodesia’s African majority by it, the South African dictatorship benefits, pensions, maternity leave serve to raise fees higher and rity taxes would not be increased instituting a few concessions and — and that is what apartheid is to and pay, aid for children, the higher — out of reach of the or­ to pay the additional fees, b u t that reforms. the non-white majority — w ill in­ blind and disabled. It also pro­ dinary workers who needed care. the S7 million increase in the cost creasingly come under active chal­ vides subsidies paid by the gov­ On the other hand, their scarcity of the insurance program would Whether this w ill actually come lenge. Not even white South Af­ ernment for each child in a fam­ gave the doctors a weapon against be met from general funds. A about, or work, is now apparently rica’s best friends sincerely be­ ily above a certain number. It the workers and the government. commission is to be set up to going to be settled in the streets lieve that the present situation can did not pay doctors’ bills directly, When the social-security law was study all aspects of public health. of Southern Rhodesian towns. The last for more than five years or but reimbursed the patient for a amended late in 1963 to fix the In this situation Premier Le­ outcome may have a considerable small portion of whatever his doc­ size of fees and provide for their fevre, a Christian Socialist, who influence on developments in so. “If it is left to the Communist tor charged him. The combined direct payment by the govern­ heads a government coalition with South Africa. Powers alone to assist the Af­ strength of the country’s 4.5 mil­ ment, the medical association the Socialist Party, found himself One thing is certain. The deter­ ricans to bring about the eventual lion organized workers .forced threatened a strike. A moratorium between the devil and the deep mined action of the black na­ dislodgement of the present re­ amendment of the law last De­ of three tnonths — from Jan. 1, blue sea. His heart was with the tionalists has already created seri­ gime, it is likely that the regime cember to include direct payment 1964, when the new law went into doctors about whom he said, “ Their ous rifts in the w hite ru lin g class. that follows this one would be of doctor bills and the standard­ effect — ended on M arch 31. The desire to keep a personal and hu­ A t a press conference held Friday Communist-influenced. This would ization of fees. next day 95 per cent of all the man character in their profession by the “People’s Caretaker Coun­ The new law struck the med­ doctors in the country closed their was wise and honorable.” But had cil,” former Prime Minister Gar­ present the Russians (or Chinese or both) with the only industrial­ ical profession where it hurts the offices and discontinued their tele­ he capitulated to* the demands of field Todd, who held office from ized African country. It would most — in the pocketbook. While phone service. A majority of them the Medical Association he would also prove to all the colored peo­ it is possible that the lowness of left the country for the Nether­ have faced a general strike of ples of the world that Western the new fees made a legitimate lands, Luxembourg, West Ger­ Belgium’s workers. How Cuba Uprooted support for the rule of the major­ grievance, their real fight was for many and France. Only a skeleton It w ill be interesting to watch ity ceases when the m a jo rity is the protection of their own self staff was assigned to emergency the forthcoming negotiations Race Discrimination not white-skinned. interest and their right to practice hospital and clinic stations. wherein a capitalist premier tries By Harry Ring “Willy-nilly, the West is going the art of healing for as much Several attempts at negotiations to balance himself between a m ili­ to be obliged to meet this chal­ profit as the traffic would bear. failed. On April 12 Premier Le- tant working class, determined to 16 pages 15 cents lenge. The choice w ill be between According to the Belgian con­ fevre ordered immediate mobil­ preserve the gains it has won, and sulate in New York the average ization of all military medical re­ an arrogant Medical Association Pioneer Publishers . trying to prop up a racist dicta­ wage of Belgian industrial work­ servists. Immediately the Belgian stubbornly opposed to any limita­ 116 University Place torship and trying to wrest from the Communists the credit for ers is about $34 gross — 73 cents Medical Association discontinued tions on its members profit-mak­ New York 3, N. Y. bringing about its overthrow. But per hour for a 48-hour week. A its emergency service, withdraw­ ing. Monday, M ay 4, 1964 THE MILITANT Page Seven

[T his column is an open jorum have a sign over it: “Welcome to True, Peabody’s mother went to - The conference was offered three But most of all we must raise for all viewpoints on subjects o1 the W orld’s Fair — Peace Through St. Augustine, Florida, to show the alternatives: the American consciousness of general interest to our readers. Understanding!” , 4 white people of America just how 1. work within the Democratic problems. We cannot interpret Please keep your letters under This policy, followed to its ul­ and where she stood, b ut in our Party to push it leftward. problems and offer solutions until 400 words. Writers’ initials w ill be timate absurdity, can only end in opinion if the Peabodys had any 2. work with a socialist party. the people recognize that a prob­ used, names being withheld unless the United States and South Af­ understanding of the present-day 3. w o rk w ith in the mass organ­ lem exists. While this recognition authorization is given fo r use.] rica united against the rest of the events as they relate to the fight izations (c iv il rights, peace, labor, is absent, the man who identifies w orld. for equality and first-class status, etc.) himself as a socialist immediately U.S.-South African Bloc? Continued success w ith your ex­ they would have clearly seen that I must opt for the Democratic loses his audience. If a Democrat Southampton, N.Y. cellent publication. their first and foremost duty was Party and the mass group choices, in South Bend were to present a Today’s Newsday carries two JX. to save Haywood Porter from ex­ albeit sadly and reluctantly. My socialist explanation of the Stude- significant pictures — one of a From London tradition from Massachusetts to decision is based upon the viol­ baker mass layoff to the laid-off civil-rights demonstrator being London, England the barbarous chain gangs of V ir­ ently biased attitudes held by workers themselves, he would hauled along the ground by cops Many thanks for sending me ginia. Extradition is a left-over major segments of society toward have an audience — an audience at the World’s Fair, the .other of The Militant. I find it most inter­ from the days of Mr. Charlie’s socialists, i.e., government, com­ which may be ready to hear a so­ cialist solution. the steel-wire stockade at the Fair esting, particularly at this time plantation laws to keep the Negro munication media, labor bureauc­ which was built mainly for civil- when it would appear that most people in slavery and is the pre­ racy, and much of the public it­ If this approach sounds oppor­ rights demonstrators. It should heartening things are taking place sent day’s legal machinery to “do self. Significant cracks have ap­ tunistic, reformist, revisionist, in your country. all that "we can with the laws as peared in the wall isolating social­ sneaky (add the rest of the stock I particularly like the articles they are”! This makes it almost ism in America but these are still epithets here), it is all of that. But by George Breitman and Robert impossible to save anyone from insufficient to permit socialists a it has a much greater chance of 10 Y E ARS AGO Vernon and congratulate you on extradition no matter how just­ fair hearing. A true political dia­ rousing the people than does an the magnificent work you are ified they may be because the logue has not yet been achieved. all-the-eggs-in-one-basket, openly doing. “laws” say thus and so. The hooting and jeering which .declared socialist approach. Let’s IN THE MILITANT A.W.A. We felt the Peabodys staged greet one who honestly identifies face it, there ain’t gonna be no the Florida bit to get themselves revolution in America nor w ill so­ From Canada himself as a socialist makes such “The Socialist Workers Party off the local hook after many Ne­ honesty political folly. cialist parties convince people, announced support of four can­ St. Catherines, Canada groes in Springfield expressed given the way things are. I very much appreciate your I am not unmindful of the al­ didates for the Newark City Coun­ their anger at the return of Hay­ most debilitating frustration which R.L. cil in th'e election to be held May newspaper and the honest picture wood Porter to Virginia as well it gives of “the other side” of results from working within a From Mexico 11. Two of these are CIO candi­ as to retain the support of the bourgeois party. But having re­ Mexico City, Mexico dates and two are representatives world affairs. I’m very much in­ many Negroes who did and still terested in socialist ideas and I cognized this serious handicap, I The Freedom Now struggle is of the Negro community . . . support the Governor. must also recognize the Demo­ very heartening. The Militant is “One of Newark’s biggest scan­ attend the Vanguard Forum when The slums and ghettos of Bos­ I get a chance to go to Toronto. cratic Party as an existing struc­ better each issue,' and one of the dals is the fact that the Negro ton, Springfield, Worcester, and ture which can be used to solve things that make it better each people represent over one-sixth of This is the headquarters of the Pittsfield speak of the segrega­ League for Socialist Action, and problems and build an acceptance time is the reporting of the high the population but have never tion, discrimination, unemploy­ of socialist ideas. level reached by this encouraging had any top-level representation the papers, Workers Vanguard and ment, disfranchisement and police Young Socialist Forum. The problem is to acquaint struggle. in the city government. The So­ b ru ta lity. Americans with socialist solutions To Latin Americans the Negro cialist Workers Party urges the My own ideas in the field of Harold Williams, Chairman politics are still growing, but you to their closest problems. That this struggle is a great source of con­ voters of Newark to correct this Save Haywood Porter Committee approach works is clearly indicat­ fidence because we know that our situation by electing Negro coun- can be sure that as a rationalist and free thinker I w ill reject what ed by the kind of federal repre­ struggle against the Northern im­ cilmen on May 11 . . — May Alternative for Socialists? sentatives elected by the people of perialist colossus has an impres­ 3, 1954. I consider invalid or erroneous and will always leave my mind Nutley, N.J. Tennessee since TVA. They tested sive ally in the 20 million Ne­ open to alter or reject any ideas Your report on the student so­ a social solution, liked it, and now groes inside the monster. Can you 20 YEARS AGO which I might now consider cialist conference at 'Yale again clamor for more — witness the imagine the enormous effect of “ true,” but which further evidence raises the question of how social­ kind of solutions offered by Gore this struggle? ists can best function politically. “The Battle of the Warsaw might invalidate. and Kefauver. M.R. Ghetto, which began on April 19, Keep up your militant support 1943 and raged for 42 days, w ill of some of Malcolm X’s theories go down in history as the first and the Freedom Now Movement. great revolutionary act of work­ I would sure like to see Malcolm ing-class mass resistance to the X Mention the plight of Nova It W a s Reported i n the P r e s s Nazi enslaVers and hangmen of Scotia Negroes in his speeches, I Occupied Europe. “Africanville” in Halifax in par­ Some Joke, Eh Boss? — In His interested in an April 25 London D w ight C. Van M eter . . . said a A p ril 27 speech to the U.S. Cham­ “Amid the dark alleyways and ticular. I could sure inform him dispatch to the C hristian Science survey of college seniors showed ber of Commerce, President John­ crumbling walls of their rat-infest­ on conditions there since it’s M onitor which reports: “There is 66 per cent of the women believed son noted the tax cuts and other growing evidence here that Bea- ed, disease-ridden Ghetto prison, where I grew up. standards of living would im­ recent measures benefitting busi­ 40.000 men, women, and children, I’d like to support his fight in tle-style guitar groups are cutting prove if all workers got more cor­ the proletarian remnants of, the whatever way I can. ness and added: “ B u t I must apol­ down drunkenness among their poration profits and prices and Jewish population of Warsaw, W.L. ogize to you this morning — we teenage followers. A big decrease production were controlled by the Poland, went to their death, bat­ haven’t done anything for busi­ in convictions for drunkenness in government. ‘If most of us ever tling arms in hand against the "Labor’s Giant Step" ness this week. B ut please remem­ 1963 is reported fo r the 18-21 age decide to agree with these women massed, trained legions of Hitler... New York, N.Y. ber, this is only Monday morning.’’ group in Merseyside, home of the students, we can kiss this thing Here is an interesting coinci­ “The battle ended only after Theological View — Rev. Dr. Beatles, in Birmingham, and in called the American way of life dence. I was reading about the re­ London.” the Nazis dynamited and put to John Krumm, chaplain of Colum­ goodbye,’ he said.” the torch every hovel and tene­ cent United Auto Workers con­ vention in the April 6 M ilita n t bia University, says the civil- Tenant Victory — New York The House a Lot of Us Live In ment in the entire area . . . disobedience demonstrations at slum dwellers who are convinced — An estimated 7.3 million U.S. “Only within recent weeks have where the South Gate, Calif, del­ egate, Louis Ciccone, spoke on the the opening of the World’s Fair that the courts generally side with dwellings have been classified as some of the details been revealed had “no justification in the Chris­ the landlords against the tenants “dilapidated,” according to federal . . . The Gestapo on July 22, 1942, shorter work week. He referred to a similar speech he made at the tian conscience.” He said, “The should take heart from a recent housing standards. demanded that the Judenrat [the Christian w ill be bound to support state Appelate Court decision 1953 convention, eleven years ago. What’s Good for G M . . .? — Jewish Council which adminis­ the police agencies of the state in which reduced a New Yorker’s That same evening I did some The 56 top officers and executives tered the G hetto] deliver 6,000 to their responsibility to break up rent fro m $890 a month to zero. proofreading on the forthcoming of General Motors drew $13 mil­ 10.000 persons a day . . . as it such demonstrations.” To further The tenant complained he had book, Labor’s Giant Step, by A rt lion in salaries and bonuses last turned out, for mass execution . . . buttress his argument, he said that signed a lease for eleven rooms Preis. And there I found myself year, an average of better than The Nazis broadcast the rumor both St. Peter and St. Paul felt but only got ten. that the deportees were going to reading the details on the “30 for $232,000 each. Frederic G. Donner, 40” fight, including Ciccone’s com­ that even an unjust state had the Women on Right Track — A n labor camps . . . function of maintaining “public chairman and chief executive of­ ments, at the 1953 auto conven­ A p ril 14 AP dispatch from Jack­ fice r of the company, drew $655,- “Within the ghetto, a conflict order.” arose. The Jewish leadersship tion! This only goes to prove, if sonville, Fla., reported: “The 000 and John F. Gordon, president from the bourgeois class counseled proof is necessary, what a valuable Like M r. Moses? — A nother American woman’s attitude to­ and chief operating officer, drew against resistance, spreading the reference work Labor’s Giant Step blast at the demonstrations at the ward government and economics $740,000. In a ll cases the bonuses, hope that the deportations were w ill be. Fair came from a non-theological could lead to the downfall of the which are spread out and subject what the Nazis claimed. But the Robert Chester source, the New York Herald- free-enterprise system, says a to much less taxes than salaries, Jewish underground labor organ­ More on Mrs. Peabody Tribune, which made this point: New York advertising executive. were triple the salaries. “As the civil-rights champions cor­ izations, according to an official Springfield, Mass. report to the Polish govemment- In answer to S.W.’s letter (The rectly point out, the Negro is underprivileged. But their solution in -exile, ‘th r o u g h handbills M ilita n t, April 13), there has been warned against the trap and called a concerted effort on the part of seems odd; disrupt the Fair, w hich indirectly is a major source of rev­ SPECIAL $1 INTRODUCTORY OFFER at least for passive resistance.’ several individuals in the Negro “. . . Then came . . . the first community of Springfield, Mass., enue for the underprivileged.” To reach the widest audience with our resistance . . . German police had to show the false face that the Beatle Binge — So far the coverage of the Freedom Now Movement to flee . . . Jews defended them­ Peabodys of Massachusetts wear Women’s Christian Temperance selves with hand grenades and and their split-tongued approach Union has taken no public stand we are offering a 4-month introductory revolvers. to the cause of c iv il rights. on the Beatles. But it should be subscription to The Militant for $1. “When in the middle of April, 1943, the Gestapo and Nazi m ili­ tary police tried to renew the ‘de­ Thought for the Week _ Name portation’ drive, their orders for “WASHINGTON — The high unemployment w hich has plagued an assemblage of the Ghetto were the nation for more than six years is going to linger on much longer defied. Their police tried to enter Street Zone the Ghetto. ‘As a reply from the than the Johnson administration officials concede. The jobless rate . ... seemingly empty houses came fly­ may slip below five per cent at the end of this year, but not by much. ing bullets and hand grenades. And the rate w ill probably rebound to well above five per cent in C ity ... State Roofs and attics began to spit fire 1965 and beyond. These are the considered conclusions of a respectable and to rain death on the German number of economists, both in and out of government, men both of Send to The Militant, 116 University Place, police. Fear descended on H itler’s henchmen. They fled in confu­ liberal and conservative persuasions.” — The A p ril 24 Wall Street New York 3, N. Y. sion.’ ” — May 6, 1944. Journal. fa ge E ig ht th e MILITANT Monday, M ay 4, 1964 Michigan SWP Nominates Clubbings by Police Fail to Stem Frank Lovell, Evelyn Sell Chester, Pa., Freedom-Now Fight DETROIT, April 22 — The APRIL 27 — Chester, Pa., civil- Michigan State Committee of the rights forces are catching their Socialist Workers Party today an­ breath during a pause in a month­ nounced its nomination for Gov­ long series of ever-mounting dem­ ernor and U.S. Senate. Nominated onstrations against school segre­ for Governor is Frank Lovell, an gation. The demonstrations auto worker and UAW member. reached a climax last week when ^Evelyn Sell, mother of two ch il­ they forced the closing of the dren, a Wayne honor student and city’s school system and forced writer for the socialist press, was the intervention of Pennsylvania nominated to run for Senator. Governor William Scranton. Candidates Lovell and Sell will There have been some 600 ar­ run on the party’s national ticket rests since the demonstrations calling for Freedom Now and an began March 27 and over 20 dem­ end to the cold war. They w ill fol­ onstrators have been injured as low up the campaign begun here the Chester power structure un­ by their presidential candidate successfully tried to crush the Clifton DeBerry, the first Negro in protests with police violence and U.S. history to run for president. stiff fines and bail requirements. Lovell demanded the federal Governor Scranton sent in the government send well-integrated State Human Relations Committee. troops to the South, or to federally It is beginning public hearings on deputize Negro veterans to defend the school segregation issue and Negro citizens’ right to vote. is empowered to order the Ches­ Lovell upheld the constitutional ter school board to act on its find­ right of Negroes to organized self- ings. The governor’s representa­ defense against racist attacks. Mrs. tives, however, so far have not Sell w ili campaign for withdrawal Frank Lovell attempted to meet with the lead­ of U.S. troops from Vietnam, for er of the Chester civil rights move­ unilateral scrapping of nuclear ment, Stanley Branche, chairman stockpiles, for resumption of the Sailors Union of the Pacific of the Committee for Freedom peaceful relations with Cuba and and the Seafarers International Now. for recognition of China. Union. He wrote M aritim e, a book Branche and Philip Savage, tri­ Other planks in the party’s pro­ on marine history, industry and state secretary of the NAACP, gram are: 30-hour week at 40 labor, and has written for The were among more than 200 arrest­ hours’ pay; unemployment com­ M ilita n t. He was editor of The De­ ed April 22 when demonstrations LAND OF THE FREE? This is Chester, Pa., where cops club, kick pensation for the duration of un­ fender, a rank-and-file seamen’s forced the closing of the schools. and jail American citizens for daring to insist on their constitu­ employment; free medical care for paper in Seattle. He was candidate Chester’s school system has 16 tional rights. all, and civil liberties. for Governor of Michigan in 1960 schools with 11,000 students and Frank Lovell, Socialist Workers and is now State Chairman of the 200 teachers. The city has a pop­ T im othy Tyler. H is nose was he was among those urging the Party candidate for governor, is Socialist Workers Party. ulation of 63,400 persons, 27,000 broken by a police blackjack. At demonstrators to march peaceful­ a graduate of the University of of them Negroes. The series of Senatorial Candidate least one other newsman, P hiladel­ California. He has been a seaman, demonstrations began after the ly- phia Tribune photographer Jack Branche and Savage announced carpenter, and is presently a model Evelyn Sell, candidate for U.S. school board refused to eliminate Franklin, was also arrested and that the demonstrations would be maker at General Motors. He is Senator, is a mother of two, and de facto segregation either of his camera smashed. These actions temporarily interrupted. Branche a member of UAW Local 160, and is now a senior at Wayne State teachers or of students. Civil- were denounced by the Philadel­ said: “We do not want to engage was an international organizer for University. She won the Univer­ rights forces point out that books phia Press Association in a tele­ in a civil war . . . This is not a sity’s Tompkins award for creative and facilities are “hand-me-down” gram to Mayor James H. Gorbey moratorium on demonstrations. writing in 1952. She is .chairman and inferior in the schools in Ne­ of Chester as “a shocking dem­ We only want to get the idea of of WSU Committee to Aid the gro residential neighborhoods. onstration of incompetence and peaceful demonstrations back into Bloomington Students. She writes The April 22 demonstrations in­ irresponsibility” on the part of his perspective.” fo r The Militant, International So­ cluded sit-ins at several schools, police. Judging from the n ig h tly mass cialist Review, a quarterly maga­ and a mass march of about 1,000 meetings and the turnout on the zine, and for World Outlook, an protesters outside the home of Herman Dawson, 34, a factory picket lines, the Committee for international labor press service. Delaware County Republican Par- worker, who has frequently put Freedom Now has large backing She was an office worker for six ' ty leader, John J. McClure, an up his home as security bond for from the Negro youth. They ex­ years before returning to Wayne old-style political boss. Negroes arrested demonstrators, was brut­ hibit a fine discipline in action, State. refer to Chester as “McClure’s ally beaten near the police head­ carry themselves proudly, with a plantation.” quarters. Dawson had just been Detroiters had a chance to hear spirit of dedication that is in­ and speak with the candidates at The demonstrations were peace­ at a meeting of ministers where fectious and practically forces the a May Day celebration at Debs ful until police at McClure’s home it was decided that pickets should adults into motion with them. Hall, 3737 Woodward. Comment­ told a group of the pickets to not demonstrate outside the police W ith such backing, the CFN has ing on the celebration. Bob Him- move around the comer. When station. He had just arrived on forced changes in attitude of the mel, SWP campaign manager, they did so, they'found themselves the scene w ith Felder Rouse, vice other organization in the move­ said, “Socialism is not a tiny, un­ in a pre-arranged trap. They were chairman of the Freedom Now ment. The Chester NAACP Youth important movement. That is why met by three buses, used as po­ Committee, to tell the pickets to Council exerted pressure on the we celebrate May Day — a day lice vans, and a contingent of disperse. adult NAACP branch which allied when in most of the countries of club-swinging cops. Demonstrators Cops Changed Car itself with the CFN in the March the world, capitalist or not, thou­ were clubbed, arrested, and put “ Suddenly a large contingent of 28 - sit-down in Chester’s streets sands and millions of people in the, buses. state troopers,” reports the Phila­ and which maintained the alliance march in support of socialism and The cops also beat and arrested delphia Tribune, “ran into the through the month of demonstra­ Evelyn Sell the cause of labor.” Philadelphia Bulletin reporter open and charged the car.” They tions. Students from Swarthmore pulled Dawson out and beat him and Lincoln University have sent with clubs. A Negro policeman delegations consistently and, as DENVER MAYOR REFUSES TO ACT iimiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiimiiMiimimimiiuiiiiimiimmmiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiimiiiiiiiiii:: who joined in this clubbing was the struggle deepened, students identified by witnesses as Theo­ from the University of Pennsyl­ dore Laws, a longtime member of vania, Haverford, and other the Chester force. Dawson was schools have also appeared. Protests Mount Over Police Brutality hospitalized with possible multiple On the other hand, white resi­ fractures and internal injuries. dents opposed to desegregation are DENVER, April 24 — The fight to threaten the mayor with a brought before Mayor Currigan. This kind of police violence led also organizing. A group called against police brutality continues “chain-in” if Gomez is not im­ Inaction, complacency, deceit, and to reprisals and several cops were the Chester Parents Association — to grow here. A joint statement by mediately unshackled. timidity continue to be the rule injured by flying missiles. Police­ which Branche characterized as spokesmen for four local Spanish- The other three organizations within the city administration. man Laws reported later that most “the white vigilantes” — held a American organizations and the lo­ which signed the letter to the gov­ “ 1) M ayor C urrigan has taken of the windows in his house and meeting of some 2,000 persons cal chapter of the Congress of ernor are Los Voluntarios, Amer­ no action. 2) The police claim of his car were smashed after the over the weekend and is expected Racial Equality was sent to Gov. ican G.I. Forum and the United innocence is now contradicted by word got around that he had to appear before the state com­ John Love on April 15. It cited Mother’s Organization. The let­ witnesses before the grand jury. helped beat Dawson. mission hearings. three cases of police brutality ter charges the following: 3) Manager of Safety Hoffman On Friday, April 24, 100 state refuses to suspend the officers in­ troopers and 60 Chester cops at­ against Spanish-Americans during Attacks Listed the previous week and detailed volved although the Salazar case tacked a demonstration of some Crime Rate the inaction of the city administra­ “We bring to your attention the is under serious question. 4) City 100 persons at an intersection in Drops in Chester tion on these and previous cases. following actions occurring in the Attorney, Max Zall, has ordered Chester. Bystanders hurled rocks It called for the governor’s inter­ past seven days. 1) Peter Gomez, the City Commission on Com­ and bottles at the police as they The mayor of Chester, Pa., vention against police brutality in dn unarmed Spanish-American, m unity Relations to cease inves­ chased the demonstrators down reports that, since the almost Denver. shot in the stomach. 2) Amos tigating the Salazar case . . the street, clubbing and arresting daily demonstrations against This is the first time that Negro Duran, a Spanish-American, with Commentators here suggest that them. Twenty protesters and six school segregation began 17 stitches on his face, scarred for and , Spanish-American organiza­ the Democratic Party machine is cops were injured. March 27, “ there has been a life, due to a brutal night-stick getting panicky. It fears that it Both Branche and NAACP lead­ tions in Denver have gotten to­ marked decrease in crime.” beating. 3) George Romero, a will lose its hold over the big er Savage were still in jail — on gether to act on such an issue. The mayor complains, how­ Peter Gomez, the youth who Spanish-American, handcuffed bloc of Spanish-American votes charges stemming from the Wed­ ever, of a drastic increase in was shot in the stomach last week, and held at gun point, while a. that helped elect the mayor. As a nesday demonstration — and were is currently chained to his bed in police dog was loosened on him candidate, Mayor Currigan had not involved in this incident. But false alarms which has forced the criminal ward of the Denver and he was viciously bitten. promised the community an in­ Rev. Clayton K. Hewitt, rector of the city administration to General Hospital. Apparently no “These and other serious mat­ dependent grievance committee to the Episcopalian Church of the place guards “in the vicinity charges have been filed against ters, including the Salazar case investigate complaints against the Atonement, in Morton, Pa., was of every fire-alarm box in him yet. The Committee Against [Salazar was clubbed to death by police. He reneged-on that promise arrested for “inciting to riot.” The the city at night.” Police Brutality decided last night an off-duty cop], have been and the community is enraged. Philadelphia Bulletin reports that