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Bibliography

Manuscript and Archival Sources Cory Library, , Grahamstown, South Papers, Rhodesian Cabinet Memoranda, 1963–1978. Ian Smith Papers, Rhodesian Cabinet Minutes, 1971–1978. BBC Monitoring Archive, Caversham Park, Reading, SE ME 3080-3227—Summary of World Broadcasts, 1969. Bodleian Library, University of Oxford, United Kingdom British Sulphur Corporation, : A Special Survey of the Mining Industry (London, 1972). Commission for the Preservation of Natural and Historical Monuments and Relics, Annual Reports, 1968–1970. Rhodesian Government, Department of Information, Immigration and Tourism, Annual Reports, 1965. Director of the National Archives, Annual Reports, 1970–1976. MSS Afr.s.1482—Papers of the Hon. . MSS Afr.s.2344 —Papers of the Hon. . Rhodesian Central Statistical Offce, Monthly Migration and Tourist Statistics, 1975–1977. Rhodesia National Bibliography, 1970–1979. Economic Survey of Rhodesia, 1969–1976.

© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2019 251 D. Kenrick, Decolonisation, Identity and Nation in Rhodesia, 1964–1979, Britain and the World, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32698-2 252 Bibliography

Printed Primary Sources Newspapers and Periodicals Focus on Rhodesia, 1976. , 1978–1979. New York Times, 1976. Outpost, 1973. Rhodesian Commentary, 1965–1969. The Rhodesia Herald, 1965–1977. Rhodesian History, 1970–1976. , 1956–1970.

Memoirs Cocks, C., Fireforce: One Man’s War in the (, Galago 2008). Dupont, C., The Reluctant President (, Books of Rhodesia, 1978). Godwin, P., Mukiwa: A White Boy in Africa (London, Picador 2007). Lemon, D., Never Quite a Soldier (Stroud, Albida Books, 2000). Makunike, E., I Won’t Call You Sir!: A Black Journalist’s Encounters in White- Ruled Rhodesia (, SAPES Books, 1998). Mears, C., Goodbye Rhodesia (Sussex, Antony Rowe Publishing Services, 2005). Moore King, B., White Man, Black War (Harare, Baobab Books, 1988). Niesewand, P., In Camera: Secret Justice in Rhodesia (London, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1973). Parker, J., Rhodesia: Little White Island (London, Pitman, 1972). Renwick, R., Unconventional Diplomacy in Southern Africa (Basingstoke, Macmillan, 1997). Smith, I., Bitter Harvest (London, Blake, 2008). St John, L., Rainbow’s End: A Memoir of Childhood (London, Penguin, 2008). Welensky, R., Welensky’s 4000 Days: The Life and Death of the Federation of Rhodesia and (London, Collins, 1964).

Books and Pamphlets Anon., 1890–1965 Seventy Five Proud Years—Pioneers and Progress of Rhodesia (Salisbury, 1965). Anon., Rhodesia’s Finest Hour (Salisbury, 1965). A Rhodesian, Pattern of Greatness: The Why, Whether and How, of Very Large Scale Immigration (Salisbury, 1954). Arnold, G. & Baldwin, A., Rhodesia: Token Sanctions or Total Economic Warfare (London, Africa Bureau, 1972). Bibliography 253

Austin, R., The Character and Legislation of the Since UDI (London, Africa Bureau, 1968). Berlyn, P., Rhodesia: Beleaguered Country (London, Mitre, 1967). Berlyn, P., The Quiet Man: A Biography of the Hon. Ian Douglas Smith, I.D., Prime Minister of Rhodesia (Salisbury, M.O. Collins, 1978). Bratton, M., Beyond Community Development: The Political Economy of Rural Administration in (London, Catholic Institute for International Relations, 1978). Bull, T., Rhodesian Perspective (London, Michael Joseph, 1967). Catholic Commission for Justice and Peace in Rhodesia, The Man in the Middle: Torture, Resettlement and Eviction (London, Catholic Institute for International Relations, 1975). Catholic Commission for Justice and Peace in Rhodesia, Civil War in Rhodesia (London, Catholic Institute for International Relations, 1976). Cawston, E.P., The Truth About Rhodesia (no location, undated). Caute, D., Under the Skin: The Death of White Rhodesia (London, , 1981). Chesterton, C., The Real Case for Rhodesia (Honeydew, Transvaal, Janssonius & Heyns, 1973). Clements, R., Rhodesia: The Course to Collision (London, Pall Mall Press, 1969). Craufurd, R., Seeing Is Believing: Some Impressions of a Visit to Rhodesia 1968 (Tring, Lady Craufurd, 1968). Edmond, J., The Story of Troopiesongs and the (Johannesburg, Roan Antelope Music, 1982). Flower, K., Serving Secretly: An Intelligence Chief on Record: Rhodesia in Zimbabwe 1964 to 1981 (London, John Murray, 1987). Hardwick, P.A., Aspects of Recreation Amongst Salisbury’s Non-African Population (Salisbury, University of Rhodesia, 1978). Hills, D., The Last Days of White Rhodesia (London, Chatto & Windus, 1981). Holderness, H., Lost Chance: 1945–58 (Harare, Zimbabwe Publishing House, 1985). Huffman, T.N., A Guide to the Ruins (Salisbury, National Museums and Monuments of Rhodesia, 1976). International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern African, Rhodesia: Why Minority Rule Survives (London, Christian Action Publications, 1969). International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa, Southern Africa: Immigration from Britain—A Fact Paper by the International Defence and Aid Fund (London, The Fund, 1975). Joyce, P., Anatomy of a Rebel: Smith of Rhodesia (Salisbury, Books of Rhodesia, 1974). Komittee Zuidelijk Afrika et al., White Migration to Southern Africa (, Centre Europe-Tiers Monde, 1975). 254 Bibliography

Lardner-Burke, D., Rhodesia: The Story of the Crisis (London, Oldbourne, 1966). Lessing, D., The Grass Is Singing (London, Flamingo, 2007). Lewis, A., Rhodesia: Live or Die (Salisbury, Rhodesia Christian Group, 1973). Lewis, A., Rhodesia Undefeated (Salisbury, Rhodesia Christian Group, 1976). Members of the Federated Women’s Institutes of Rhodesia, Great Spaces Washed with Sun: Rhodesia (Salisbury, M.O. Collins, 1967). Metrowich, F.R., Rhodesia: Birth of a Nation (, Africa Institute, 1969). Mlambo, E.E.M., Rhodesia: The British Dilemma (London, Christian Action Publications, 1971). Peck, A.J.A., Rhodesia Accuses (Salisbury, Three Sisters Books, 1966). Pitman, D., You Must Be New Around Here (Bulawayo, Books of Rhodesia, 1979). Porter, R.C., Economic Sanctions: The Theory and the Evidence from Rhodesia (Ann Arbor, Center for Research on Economic Development, University of Michigan, 1977). Ransford, O., Rhodesian Tapestry: A History in Needlework, Embroidered by the Women’s Institutes of Rhodesia (Bulawayo, Books of Rhodesia, 1971). Rhodesia Government, Rhodesia’s Case for Independence (Salisbury, Government Printer, 1965). Rhodesia Party, “If You’re Planning to Stay”: A Guide to Some of the Important Principles and Policies of the Rhodesia Party and a Contrast with RF Attitudes (Salisbury, MP Doyle for the Rhodesia Party, 1974). Sparrow, G., Rhodesia in ‘Rebellion’ (London, Knightly Vernon, 1967). Stiff, P., The Silent War: South African Recce Operations 1969–1994 (Alberton SA, Galago, 1999). Todd, J., Rhodesia (London, MacGibbon & Kee, 1966).

Government Debates and Documents Bingham, T.H. & Gray, S.M., Report on the Supply of Petroleum and Petrol Products to Rhodesia (London, H.M.S.O, 1978). British Government, Report of the Nyasaland Commission of Inquiry (London, H.M.S.O, 1959). British Government, Rhodesia: Proposals for a Settlement (London, H.M.S.O, 1971). British Government, Rhodesia—Report of the Commission on Rhodesian Opinion under the Chairmanship of the Lord Pearce (London, H.M.S.O, 1972). Rhodesian Legislative Assembly Debates, 1964–1979. Rhodesia Government, Report of the Constitutional Commission 1968 (Salisbury, Government Printer, 1968). Rhodesian Central Statistical Offce, 1961 Census of the European, Asian and Coloured Population (Salisbury, Government Printer, 1962). Bibliography 255

Rhodesian Central Statistical Offce, 1969 Population Census (Interim Report) Volume I: The European, Asian and Coloured Population (Salisbury, Government Printer, 1971). Rhodesian Ministry of Information, Immigration and Tourism, The Man and His Ways: An Introduction to the Customs and Beliefs of Rhodesia’s African People (Salisbury, Ministry of Information, Immigration, and Tourism, 1969).

Other Kandiah, M. (ed.), Rhodesian UDI (London, 2002).

Printed Secondary Works Books Achebe, C., There Was a Country: A Personal History of Biafra (London, Penguin, 2013). Alexander, J., The Unsettled Land: State Making and the Politics of Land in Zimbabwe, 1893–2003 (Oxford, James Currey, 2006). Anderson, B., Imagined Communities (London, Verso, 2006). Arrighi, G., The Political Economy of Rhodesia (The Hague, Mouton, 1967). Barber, J., Rhodesia: The Road to Rebellion (Oxford, , 1967). Barringer, T., Holland, R., & Williams, S. (eds.), The Iconography of Independence: ‘Freedoms at Midnight’ (London and New York, Routledge, 2010). Belich, J., Replenishing the Earth: Settlers and the Rise of the Angloworld (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2011). Belich, J., Darwin, J., Frenz, M., & Wickham, C., The Prospect of Global History (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2016). Berton, P., Vimy (Canada, Anchor Books, 2001). Bhebe, N. & Ranger, T. (eds.), Society in Zimbabwe’s Liberation War (Oxford, Currey, 1996). Blake, R., A History of Rhodesia (London, Methuen, 1977). Bowman, L., Politics in Rhodesia: White Power in an African State (Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1973). Brabazon, T., Tracking the Jack: A Retracing of the Antipodes (Sydney, University of New South Wales Press, 2000). Brendon, P., The Decline and Fall of the 1781–1997 (London, Vintage, 2008). Bridge, C. & Fedorowich, K., The British World: Diaspora, Culture and Identity (London, Frank Cass, 2003). Brownell, J., The Collapse of Rhodesia: Population Demographics and the Politics of Race (London, I.B. Tauris, 2011). 256 Bibliography

Buckner, P. (ed.), Canada and the British Empire (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2010). Burke, K., Revolutionaries for the Right: Anticommunist Internationalism and Paramilitary Warfare in the (Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 2018). Cilliers, J.K., Counter-Insurgency in Rhodesia (London, Croom Helm, 1985). Champion, C.P., The Strange Demise of British Canada: The Liberals and Canadian , 1964–1968 (Montreal, McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2010). Charumbira, R., Imagining the Nation: History and Memory in the Making of Zimbabwe (Charlottesville & London, University of Virginia Press, 2015). Clayton, P., Enemies and Passing Friends: Settler Ideologies in Twentieth Century Ulster (London, Pluto Press, 1996). Cohen, A., The Politics and Economics of : The Failed Experiment of the Central African Federation (London, I.B. Tauris, 2017). Conway, D. & Leonard, P., Migration, Space and Transnational Identities—The British in (Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, 2014). Conyers Nesbit, R. & Cowderoy, D. with Thomas, A., Britain’s Rebel Air Force: The War from the Air in Rhodesia 1965–1980 (London, Grub Street, 1998). Cooper, F., Africa Since 1940: The Past of the Present (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2002). Darwin, J., Britain and Decolonisation: The Retreat from Empire in the Post-War World (Basingstoke, Macmillan, 1988). Darwin, J., The Empire Project: The Rise and Fall of the British World System 1830–1970 (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2012). Eaton, W.G., A Chronicle of Modern Sunlight: The Story of What Happened to the Rhodesians (Rohnert Park, CA, InnoVision, 1996) Ellert, H., The Rhodesian Front War: Counter-Insurgency and Guerrilla War in Rhodesia 1962–1980 (, Mambo Press, 1989). Frederikse, J., None but Ourselves: Masses Versus the Media in the Making of Zimbabwe (Harare, Zimbabwe Publishing House, 1982). Gellner, E., Nations and Nationalism (Oxford, Basil Blackwell, 1997). Godwin, P. & Hancock, I., Rhodesians Never Die: The Impact of War and Political Change on White Rhodesia ca.1970–1980 (Northlands, SA, Pan Macmillan South Africa, 2007). Goldie, T., Fear and Temptation: The Image of the Indigene in Canada, and Literatures (Montreal, McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1993). Good, R.C., U.D.I: The International Politics of the Rhodesian Rebellion (London, Faber & Faber, 1973). Hall, S., Familiar Strangers: A Life Between Two Islands (London, Penguin, 2017). Hancock, I., White Liberals, Moderates and Radicals in Rhodesia, 1953–1980 (London, Croom Helm, 1984). Bibliography 257

Hobsbawm, E.J., Nations and Nationalism Since 1870: Programme, Myth, Reality (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1995). Hodder-Williams, R., White Farmers in Rhodesia 1890–1965: A History of the Marandellas District (London, Macmillan, 1983). Hughes, D.M., Whiteness in Zimbabwe: Race, Landscape and the Problem of Belonging (London, Palgrave Macmillan, 2010). Hyam, R. & Henshaw, P., The Lion and the Springbok: Britain and South Africa Since the Boer War (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2003). Jackson, W., Madness and Marginality: The Lives of Kenya’s White Insane (Manchester, Manchester University Press, 2013). Kapucinski, R., The Other (London, Verso, 2006). Keatley, P., The Politics of Partnership: The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (London, Penguin, 1963). Kennedy, D., Islands of White: Settler Society and Culture in Kenya and Southern Rhodesia, 1890–1939 (Durham, Duke University Press, 1987). Kennes, E. & Larmer, M., The Katangese Gendarmes and War in Central Africa: Fighting Their Way Home (Bloomington, Indiana University Press, 2016). Kertzer, D.I., Ritual, Politics and Power (New Haven & London, Yale University Press, 1988). Keyworth Davis, D., Race Relations in Rhodesia: A Survey for 1972–73 (London, Rex Collings, 1975). Kriger, N., Zimbabwe’s Guerrilla War: Peasant Voices (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1992). Lan, D., Guns and Rain: Guerrillas and Spirit Mediums in Zimbabwe (London, Currey, 1995). Law, K., Gendering the Settler State: White Women, Race, and Empire in Rhodesia, 1950–1980 (Abingdon, Routledge, 2016). Lee, C.J., Unreasonable Histories: Nativism, Multiracial Lives, and the Genealogical Imagination in British Africa (Durham & London, Duke University Press, 2014). Lester, A., Imperial Networks: Creating Identities in Nineteenth-Century South Africa and Britain (London & New York, Routledge, 2001). Leys, C., European Politics in Southern Rhodesia (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1959). Lonsdale, J. & Odhiambo, A. (eds.), Mau Mau & Nationhood: Arms, Authority & Narration (Oxford, Nairobi & Athens, James Currey, 2003). Lowenthal, D., The Past Is a Foreign Country (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 2011). Marshall, A., Republic or Death! Travels in Search of National Anthems (London, Windmill Books, 2015). Martin, P. & Johnson, D., The Struggle for Zimbabwe: The War (Harare, Zimbabwe Publishing House, 1981). 258 Bibliography

Mason, P., The Birth of a Dilemma: The Conquest and Settlement of Rhodesia (London, Oxford University Press, 1958). McLaughlin, P. & Moorcraft, P., Chimurenga! The War in Rhodesia 1965–1980 (Marshalltown, Sygma/Collins, 1982). McLaughlin, P. & Moorcraft, P., The Rhodesian War: Fifty Years On (Barnsley, Pen & Sword, 2015). McCulloch, J., Black Peril, White Virtue: Sexual Crime in Southern Rhodesia, 1902–1935 (Bloomington, Indiana University Press, 2000). Megahey, A., , Beleaguered Governor: Southern Rhodesia 1929–69 (Basingstoke, Macmillan, 1998). Miller, J., An African Volk: The Regime and Its Search for Survival (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2016). Mlambo, A.S., White Immigration into Rhodesia: From Occupation to Federation (Harare, Publications, 2002). Mlambo, A.S. & Raftopoulos, B., Becoming Zimbabwe: A History from the Pre- colonial Period to 2008 (Harare, Weaver Press, 2009). Moodie, D., The Rise of Afrikanerdom (Berkeley, University of California Press, 1980). Murphy, P. (ed.), Central Africa Volume I: Closer Association, 1945–1958 (London, TSO, 2005). Murphy, P. (ed.), Central Africa Volume II: Crisis and Dissolution, 1959–1965 (London, TSO, 2005). Murphy, P., Monarchy and the End of Empire: The House of Windsor, the British Government and the Postwar Commonwealth (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2013). Murphy, P., The Empire’s New Clothes: The Myth of the Commonwealth (London, Hurst & Company, 2018). Murray, D., The Governmental System in Southern Rhodesia (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1970). Mutambirwa, J., The Rise of Settler Power in Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) 1898–1923 (London, Associated University Presses, 1980). Nasson, B., Springboks on the Somme: South Africa in the Great War 1914–1918 (Johannesburg, Penguin, 2007). Palley, C., The Constitutional History and Law of Southern Rhodesia 1888–1965 (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1966). Passmore, G. (ed.), H.R.G. Howman on Provincialisation in Rhodesia 1968–1969 and Rational and Irrational Elements (Cambridge, African Studies Centre, 1986). Pfster, R., Apartheid, South Africa and African States: From Pariah to Middle Power, 1961–1994 (London & New York, I.B. Tauris, 2005). Phimister, I., An Economic and Social 1890–1948: Capital Accumulation and Class Struggle (London & New York, Longman, 1988). Bibliography 259

Phimister, I. & Raftopoulous, B. (eds.), Keep on Knocking: A History of the Labour Movement in Zimbabwe 1900–97 (Harare, Baobab Books, 1997). Pilossof, R., The Unbearable Whiteness of Being: Farmers’ Voices from Zimbabwe (Harare, Weaver Press, 2012). Pimlott, B., The Queen: A Biography of Elizabeth II (London, HarperCollins, 1996). Ranger, T., Revolt in Southern Rhodesia 1896–97: A Study in African Resistance (Oxford, Heinemann, 1967). Ranger, T., Voices from the Rocks: Nature, Culture & History in the Matopos Hills of Zimbabwe (Oxford, James Currey, 1999). Ranger, T., Writing Revolt: An Engagement with African Nationalism, 1957–67 (London, James Currey, 2013). Reed, C.V., Royal Tourists, Colonial Subjects and the Making of a British World 1860–1911 (Manchester, Manchester University Press, 2016). Renwick, R., Unconventional Diplomacy in Southern Africa (Basingstoke, Macmillan, 1997). Rotberg, R., The Founder: and the Pursuit of Power (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1988). Rowe, D., Manipulating the Market: Understanding Economic Sanctions, Institutional Change, and the Political Unity of White Rhodesia (Ann Arbor, 2004). Saker, H., The South African Flag Controversy, 1925–1928 (, Oxford University Press, 1980). Schmidt, H., Colonialism and Violence in Zimbabwe: A History of Suffering (Oxford, James Currey, 2013). Schofeld, C., Enoch Powell and the Making of Postcolonial Britain (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2015). Schwarz, B., The White Man’s World (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2011). Schutz, B. & Scott, D., Natives and Settlers: A Comparative Analysis of the Politics of Opposition and Mobilisation in Northern Ireland and Rhodesia (Denver, University of Denver, Social Science Foundation, 1975). Shute, N., In The Wet (London, Heinemann, 1953). Shutt, A.K., Manners Make a Nation: Racial Etiquette in Southern Rhodesia 1910–1963 (Rochester, NY, University of Rochester Press, 2015). Smith, A.D., Nationalism and Modernism: A Critical Survey of Recent Theories of Nations and Nationalism (New York, Routledge, 1998). Stapleton, T., African Police and Soldiers in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1923–80 (Rochester, NY, University of Rochester Press, 2011). Stewart, A., Empire Lost: Britain, the and the Second World War (London, Continuum, 2008). Stone, J., Colonist or Uitlander? A Study of the British Immigrant in South Africa (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1973). 260 Bibliography

Strack, H., Sanctions The Case of Rhodesia (Syracuse, NY, Syracuse University Press, 1978). Summers, C., From Civilization to Segregation: Social Ideals and Social Control in Southern Rhodesia, 1890–1934 (Athens, Ohio University Press, 1994). Tendi, M., Making History in Mugabe’s Zimbabwe: Politics, Intellectuals and the Media (New York, Peter Lang, 2010). Thomas, M. & Thompson, A. (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of the Ends of Empire (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2018). Thomas, N., Colonialism’s Culture: Anthropology, Travel and Government (Oxford, Polity Press, 1996). Thompson, L., The Political Mythology of Apartheid (New Haven & London, Yale University Press, 1985). Thompson, P.S., Natalians First: Separatism in South Africa 1909–1961 (Johannesburg, Southern Book Publishers, 1990). Trouillot, M., Silencing the Past: Power and the Production of History (Boston, Beacon Press, 1995). Turino, T., Nationalist, Cosmopolitans, and Popular Music in Zimbabwe (Chicago & London, University of Chicago Press, 2000). Veracini, L., The Settler-Colonial Present (Basingstoke, Routledge, 2015). Watts, C., Rhodesia’s Unilateral Declaration of Independence: An International History (Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, 2012). Ward, S. (ed.), British Culture and the End of Empire (Manchester, Manchester University Press, 2001). Weinrich, A.K.H., Chiefs and Councils in Rhodesia: Transition from Patriarchal to Bureaucratic Power (London, Heinemann, 1971). West, M.O., The Rise of an African Middle Class: Colonial Zimbabwe, 1898–1965 (Bloomington, Indiana University Press, 2002). White, L., The Assassination of : Texts and Politics in Zimbabwe (Cape Town, Double Story Books, 2003). White, L., Unpopular Sovereignty: Rhodesian Independence and African Decolonization (Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2015). Windrich, E., Britain and the Politics of Rhodesian Independence (London, Croom Helm, 1978). Windrich, E., The Mass Media in the Struggle for Zimbabwe: Censorship and Propaganda Under Rhodesian Front Rule (Gwelo, Mambo Press, 1981). Witz, L., Apartheid’s Festival: Contesting South Africa’s National Pasts (Bloomington, Indiana University Press, 2003). Wood, J.R.T., So Far and No Further!: Rhodesia’s Bid for Independence During the Retreat from Empire 1959–1965 (Victoria, BC, Trafford, 2005). Wood, J.R.T, A Matter of Weeks Rather Than Months: The Impasse Between and Ian Smith: Sanctions, Aborted Settlements, and War, 1965– 1969 (Victoria, BC, Trafford, 2008). Bibliography 261

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Interviews , Musician, email, 2015. Pete Shout, Administrator of ‘ Music’ Website, email, 2015–19. Index

A B African Members of Parliament Bashford, Pat, 54 on fag, 112 On 1969 Constitution, 156 Afrikaners, 36, 37, 44, 62 Battle of Britain, 79 Air Training Scheme, 76, 78 Beadle, Hugh, 139, 145 Albert, Prince Consort, 132 Belgian Congo, 69, 155 Algerian War of Independence, 6 Belingwe, 117 American Declaration of Berlyn, Philippa, 138, 163 Independence, 11 Biafran war, 157 Anderson, Benedict, 115 black peril, 34 Anglo-Rhodesian settlement, 1971, 26 Botha, Pieter Willem, 228 Anglo-South African War, 73 Botswana, 168 Arrighi, Giovanni, 13 Brexit, 21 Australia, 7, 29, 46, 65, 74, 85, 88, British Government 106, 123, 131, 132, 141, 247, Anglo-Rhodesian negotiations, 118 249 attitudes towards post-colonial as part of CANZUK, 21 republicanism, 144 during Second World War, 76 military response to UDI, 81 fag, 90 naming conventions for Rhodesia, In the British World, 20 170 monarchism, 18, 136, 151 negotiations with Rhodesia, 91 national anthem, 186 response to Domboshawa indaba, 71 republicanism, 142 British Monarchy, 132 Australia fag, 92 divisibility of crown, 135

© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2019 275 D. Kenrick, Decolonisation, Identity and Nation in Rhodesia, 1964–1979, Britain and the World, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32698-2 276 Index

in Commonwealth, 136 Central Intelligence Organisation, 226 British Royal Family, 24 , 54, 155 in fction, 18 chiefs, 70, 166, 217 British South Africa Company, 8, 10, Chilapalapa, 194 62, 99, 172 Chirau, Jeremiah, 231 British South Africa Police (BSAP), 1, Christianity, 180 117, 172, 191, 195, 197, 226 Coghlan, Charles, 62 attitudes towards Portuguese Cold War, 84, 119, 188 migrants, 40 Committee on Honours and Awards, recording the national anthem, 180 24, 93 Brownell, Josiah, 30 Commonwealth, 18, 85, 108, 143, ‘Build a Nation’ Campaign, 50 152, 241 Bulawayo, 117, 147 South African exit, 141 population of, 29 Commonwealth Monitoring Force, 3 Bush War . See as Cold War confict, 84 Commonwealth Green Leader Raid, 202–204 Conservative Association of Rhodesia, missionary murders, 200 157 Operation Gatling, 202 Conservative Party (UK), 88 population displacement, 230 1961 Constitution, 66 protected villages, 230 1969 Constitutional Proposals, Salisbury oil reserve fre, 1978, 234 152–157 1964 constitutional referendum, 68 Countess Billy, 38 C Crocodile Gang, 145 Cabinet Committee on Honours and Awards, 177 Canada, 7, 20, 29, 46, 63, 65, 74, D 85, 88, 102, 106, 123, 134, 136, decolonisation, 65, 84, 141 141, 247 challenges of, 27 as part of CANZUK, 21 independence ceremonies, 91, 116 during Second World War, 76 post-colonial republicanism, 143 experience of First World War, 74 Devlin Commission, 49, 69 fag, 90, 102, 106 Domboshawa indaba, 71 In the British World, 20 Dominion Party, 48, 67, 160 monarchism, 136, 151 Dominions Offce, 11 national anthem, 186 Dupont, Clifford, 117, 131, 159 republicanism, 142 CANZUK, 21 Central African Federation, 6, 11, 31, E 44, 47, 64, 66, 92, 140, 210 Edmond, John, 163, 190, 192–197 constitution of, 48 1958 election, 49 fag, 93 Elizabeth II, 131 Index 277

as head of Commonwealth, 143 Howman, Jack, 39 on Rhodesian issues, 144 Huggins, Godfrey, 46, 154 English-speaking South Africans, 35, 77 Eurafricans, 36 I European Economic Community, 141 Industrial Conciliation Act (1934), 42 European Union, 247 , 26, 225–240 Internal Settlement Agreement, 201 International Olympic Committee, F 120, 181 Fearless talks, 118 Field, Winston, 50, 52, 67 on Rhodesian fag, 93 J First Chimurenga, 10, 99 Jameson, Leander Starr, 9 First World War, 65, 142 Jameson Raid, 9 Rhodesian contribution to, 74 Jollie, Ethel Tawse, 62, 63 Fort Victoria, 29, 117, 147 Joyce, Peter, 164 FRELIMO. See Mozambique Liberation Front , 231 K Kaunda, Kenneth, 234 Kenya, 63, 113 G Kipling, Rudyard Gaunt, John, 80, 118 Rhodes’ eulogy, 10 Gayre, Robert, 104 Kissinger, Henry, 231 George VI, 133 Gibbs, Humphrey, 2, 137–139, 153, 159, 210 L , 4, 7, 25, 120, 176 Land Apportionment Act (1930), 50 good governance narrative, 65, 68 Land Tenure Act (LTA) 1969, 56, 167 Graham, Angus, 107, 158 Lardner-Burke, Desmond, 73, 77, 79, Great Zimbabwe, 98 102, 103, 114, 135 , 117 Lessing, Doris, 33, 38 Gwelo, 147 Lewis, Arthur, 233 population of, 29 Livingstone, David, 213 Gweru. See Gwelo Lobengula, 9, 113, 194

H M Hall, Stuart, 17 Madzimbamuto v Lardner-Burke, 145 Harper, William, 55, 68 Marandellas, 29, 36 HMS Tiger talks, 147 Masvingo. See Fort Victoria Holderness, Hardwick, 224 Matopos Hills, 117 278 Index

Mau Mau, 4, 28, 69, 155 P McLean, Ian, 40 Palley, Ahrn, 106, 158 Migration Parker, John, 53 Post-War Commonwealth Migration partnership policy, 47 to Britain, 17 Partridge, Mark, 69 Ministry of Information, Immigration Patriotic Front, 231 and Tourism, 70 Pearce Commission, 26, 215, 216– Mnangagwa, Emmerson, 12, 145 225, 220, 222, 223 Mobutu, Joseph-Désiré, 6 Pearson, Lester, 142 Mozambique Liberation Front, 191 Pfumo re Vanhu. See Security Force Mugabe, Robert Gabriel, 11, 230 Auxiliaries removal from power, 12 , 92 . See Umtali poor whites, 31 Muzorewa, Abel, 125, 231 Portugal migrants to Rhodesia, 39, 41, 42 Powell, Enoch, 18 N President of Rhodesia, 159, 160 National Party (South Africa), 63, 142 Protected villages, 2 Native Land Husbandry Act (1951), 49 New Zealand, 7, 29, 74, 85, 88, 94, 106, 123, 141, 178, 247, 271 Q as part of CANZUK, 21 Queen Elizabeth II, 25 experience of First World War, 74 Que Que, 29, 117 fag, 89, 90 In the British World, 20 monarchism, 136 R national anthem, 186 railways, 62 New Zealand fag, 92 Ranger, Terence, 13, 115 No Independence Before Majority on nationalist history, 85 African Rule (NIBMAR), 7, 11 1922 Referendum, 62, 63 , 11, 67. See also Association, 62 Nyasaland, 11, 29, 48, 49, 64, 66, 67, Rhodes, Cecil John, 8, 10, 93, 98, 193 69, 112, 244, 254, 272 Rhodes Centenary Exhibition, 210 state of emergency, 49 Rhodesia Nyerere, Julius, 14 75th Anniversary, 23 African economy of, 47 at the 1972 Munich Olympics, 120 O Attitudes towards non-British Oberholzer, Pieter, 145 Europeans, 31 Offcer Administering the Christian nature of, 104, 106 Government, 160 citizenship, 51 Organisation of African Unity, 16 conscription, 43, 236 Index 279

Contemporary nostalgia for, 17 , 75, 81 declaration of a republic, 24 Rhodesian armed forces, 145, 169 diplomatic service, 118 Air Askari Corps, 76 electoral rolls, 46 black soldiers, 237 European electorate, 51 conscription, 198 experience of First World War, 74 in the ‘bush war’, 78 fag, 92, 100, 125, 172 loyalty to British crown, 146 gender balance, 37, 38 mercenaries, 199 immigration promotion, 32 race relations, 195 In the British World, 21 Rhodesian African Rifes (RAR), 77, in white memory, 13 195 judiciary, 146 Rhodesian Air Force, 147, 159 landscape and wildlife, 96 Rhodesian Light Infantry, 146, 194, lifestyle, 52 227 masculinity, 39 , 194, 227 militarisation of, 83 Special Air Service Special Air Military contribution to British Service, 227 imperial conficts, 24 Territorial Force, 146 military service, 193 Rhodesiana Society, 210–213 military service in public life, 78 Rhodesia National Farmers Union, 52 monarchism, 144 Rhodesia National Party, 51 national archives, 211–213 Rhodesian Broadcasting Corporation, on the internet, 249 139, 165, 180 proclamation of republic, 158 on 1969 constitutional proposals, racial boundaries, 39 156–158 sport, 95 Rhodesian Candour League, 56 tensions between immigrants, 33 1969 Rhodesian constitution, 165, traditions of military service, 73 169 white demography of, 28, 29, 36, Rhodesian Front, 1, 50, 52 44 1962 election, 52 white emigration, 199 1965 election, 45 white memoirs, 249 attitudes towards independence, 64 white popular culture, 188 challenges from the right, 57 young people, 119 December 1962 elections, 46 Rhodesia Action Party, 56, 231 during Internal Settlement, 234 Rhodesia Africana Society. See Nationalist project, 22 Rhodesiana Society on race relations, 229 Rhodesia Commentary, 140, 176 racial policy, 55 Rhodesia educational system, 35 republicanism, 140, 150 Rhodesia House, London, 79, 121, response to black nationalism, 70 159 support base, 52 Rhodesiana, 99 use of propaganda, 54 280 Index

views on 1960s Britain, 72 on national anthem, 176 views on fag, 110 Perceptions of Africans, 15 Rhodesian Patriot, 56 republicanism, 144 Rhodesian pioneer column, 33 response to Pearce Commission, Rhodesian Tobacco Association, 52 223 Rhodesia Party, 46, 55 war service, 75, 162 Rhodesia Reform Party, 55, 67 Smith, Ian Douglas, 161 Rhodesia Television, 156, 180, 196 Smith, Janet, 162 Rhodesia Unionist Association, 62 Smuts, Jan Christiaan, 62 Roof, Dylann, 127 Soames, Christopher, 1, 3, 205 South Africa, 29, 74, 123, 134, 209 1960 referendum on republic, S 141 Salisbury, 49, 92, 116 alliance with Rhodesia and Portugal, foundation, 9 6 population of, 29 experience of First World War, 74 Savory, Allan, 224 fag, 88, 90, 102 ‘Second Matabele War’, 10, 99. See In the British World, 20 also First Chimurenga military assistance to Rhodesia, 191 Second World War, 65 national anthem, 186 impact upon settlers, 78 relationship with Rhodesia, 88 Rhodesian Air Training Scheme, 34 sporting links to Rhodesia, 96 Rhodesian contribution to, 75 South African Broadcasting Security Force Auxiliaries, 237 Corporation, 182 Selukwe, 117, 162 South African Defence Force, 192, Settler-Ndebele conficts, 78 197 Shabani, 117 Southern African Solidarity Shangani patrol, 117 Conference, 56 Shute, Nevil Suez crisis, 141 In The Wet, 18 symbolic decolonisation, 22, 122, 123 Sithole, Ndabaningi, 230 Skeen, Andrew, 135 Smith, David, 156 T Smith, Ian Douglas, 2, 4, 11, 50, 52, The British World, 19 55, 67, 71, 80, 89, 91, 96, 122, critiques of, 21 135, 139, 147, 152, 153, 161, Tholet, Clem, 196, 201 193, 221, 230, 232, 247 Tholet, Clem, 190 education, 162 Todd, Garfeld, 48 memoirs, 14 on 1969 constitutional proposals, 152 U on fag, 87 Umtali, 117, 147 on monarchy, 130 population of, 29 Index 281

Unilateral Declaration of Wilson, Harold, 80, 135, 141, 145 Independence, 28, 61, 79 Wrathall, John, 160, 232 cabinet committees on, 67 Union Flag. See Union Jack. See Union Flag, 7, 88, Z 103, 116, 124 Zambia, 11, 52, 64, 203, 213 in Australia and New Zealand, 98 ZANLA. See Zimbabwe African in South Africa, 63 National Liberation Army United African National Congress, ZAPU. See Zimbabwe African People’s 125 Union United African National Council, 231 Zimbabwe African National Liberation , 45–48, 66, 219, Army, 3, 175, 181, 197, 206, 238 226, 236 1961 constitutional referendum, 66 use of music, 175 United Nations, 121 Zimbabwe African National Liberation United Party, 46 Army, 191 United States of America, 111 Zimbabwe African National Union University College of Rhodesia, 163 (ZANU), 3, 12, 85, 175, 191, University of Rhodesia, 13 230, 231 Zimbabwe African People’s Union, 181, 202, 231 V Zimbabwe People’s Revolutionary van der Byl, Pieter Kenyon, 157 Army, 3, 181, 191, 202–204, 236 Vietnam war, 84 Zimbabwe-Rhodesia, 170, 202, 216, Vorster, John, 122 241 April 1979 election, 239 fag, 126 W Zimbabwe United People’s Wankie, 117 Organisation, 231 Welensky, Roy, 66, 210 ZIPRA. See Zimbabwe People’s opposition to RF, 154 Revolutionary Army Whaley Commission, 148–149 ZUPO. See Zimbabwe United Whitehead, Edgar, 48 People’s Organisation 1962 Election, 50