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The Sacred Books of the East

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The Sacred Books of the East r-He weLL read mason li""-I:~I=-•I cl••'ILei,=:-,•• Dear Reader, This book was referenced in one of the 185 issues of 'The Builder' Magazine which was published between January 1915 and May 1930. To celebrate the centennial of this publication, the Pictoumasons website presents a complete set of indexed issues of the magazine. As far as the editor was able to, books which were suggested to the reader have been searched for on the internet and included in 'The Builder' library.' This is a book that was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by one of several organizations as part of a project to make the world's books discoverable online. Wherever possible, the source and original scanner identification has been retained. Only blank pages have been removed and this header- page added. The original book has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. 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Please do not assume that a book's appearance in 'The Builder' library means it can be used in any manner anywhere in the world. Copyright infringement liability can be quite severe. The Webmaster HENRY FROWDE, M.A. PUBLISHER TO THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD LONDON, EDINBURGH, AND NEW YORK Digitized by Google THE SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAS'f TI(;\NSLATED BY VARiOUS ORIENTAL SCHOLARS AND EDITED BY F. MAX MOLLER VOL XLVI C.rfOfb AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1897 [All rights 1'estrtJ((/] Digitized by Google ()Jfor~ PRINTED AT THE CLARENDON par.ss BY HORACE HAJIT PRIHTU TO THE UMJVERSJTY Digitized by Google VEDIC HYMNS TRANSLATED BY HERMANN OLDENBERG PART II HYMNS TO AGNI (MANDALAS I-V) «)~fo"b AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1897 [AI/ rig4t1 ,.,mwd] Digitized by Google CONTENTS. PAGE INTR.ODUCTION • xi HYJI~, TRANSLATION AND NOTES:• M am/ala I, 1 12 6 13 Aprt Hymn 8 26 13 27 16 31 22 36 31 H 37 45 42 58 45 59 49 60 52 65 54 66 57 67 61 68 6.. 69 67 70 70 71 H 72 82 73 88 74 92 75 95 76 96 77 • 100 78 • 102 10 79 • 3 94 • 108 Digitized by Google Vlll CONTENTS. 'AOK Mandala I, 95 . 114 96 119 9'1 135 98 137 99 128 127 129 128 137 140 141 I,P 147 142 Aprt Hymn 153 143 157 144- 160 145 164 146 167 14'1 170 i48 1'13 149 176 150 178 188 Aprt Hymn 179 189 181 II, I 186 2 193 3 Aprt Hymn 198 4 202 5 206 6 209 7 211 8 213 9 215 10 21'1 III, I 219 2 u8 3 232 4 Aprt Hymn 236 5 240 6 244 '1 248 8 252 9 256 Digitized by Coogle CONTENTS. IX rAGa Mandala III, 10 2,1)9 II ~61 12 ~?_~ndra-Agnl ~63 13 266 14 268 15 271 16 273 17 275 18 ~77 19 ~79 20 281 21 283 22 285 23 · ~87 24 · 289.... 25 291 - 26 ~92 - ~7 296 ~8 300 29 302 IV. I 307 ~ 316 3 325 - 4 331 5 335 , 6 340 7 343 8 346 9 348 10 350 II 352 U · 354 13 356 14 · 358 15 360 V, 1 363 2 366 3 371 - 4 375 Digitized by Google CONTENTS. PAGK l\'landala V, 5 A prf Hymn 377 6 379 7 382 8 · 385 9 387 10 • 389 II · 391 I2 393 13 395 14 • 397 15 399 16 • 40f I7 403 18 405 19 • 407 20 · 410 21 · 413 22 · 413 23 · 414 24 · 415 25 416 36 418 27 420 28 · 423 APPENDICES ;- I. Index of Words . • 427 II. List of the more important Passages quoted in the Notes . 487 Transliteration of Oriental Alphabets adopted for the Translations of the Sacred Books of the East. • 497 Digitized by Google INTRODUCTION. IN preparing this volume, which contains the greater part of the Agni hymns of the Rig-veda, namely, those of the Matldalas 1-V, the translator enjoyed the high ad• vantage of Professor Max Mtiller's assistance, in the way stated in the Introduction to the first volume of Vedic Hymns, Sacred Books of the East, vol. xxxii, p. xxvii. H. O. KIEL: NOTemiJer, 1895- Digitized by Google VEDIC MANDALA I, ASHTAKA I, ADHVAvA 1, VARGA 1- . I 1. I magnify I Agni, the Purohita, the divine ministrant of the sacrifice, the Hotzs' priest, the greatest bestower of treasures. 2. Agni, worthy to be magnified by the ancient Rishis and by the present ones-may he conduct the gods hither. 3. May one obtain through Agni wealth and wel• fare day by day, which may bring glory and high bliss of valiant offspring. 4. Agni, whatever sacrifice and worship 1 thou encompassest on every side, that indeed goes to the gods. s. May Agni the thoughtful Hotrs, he who is true and most splendidly renowned, may the god come hither with the gods. 6. Whatever good thou wilt do to thy worshipper, o Agni, that (work) verily is thine, 0 Arigiras. 7. Thee, 0 Agni, we approach day by day, 0 (god) who shinest in the darkness 1; with our prayer, bringing adoration to thee- 8. Who art the king of all worship, the guardian of Rita, the shining one, increasing in thy own house. 9. Thus, 0 Agni, be easy of access to us, as a father is to his son. Stay with us for our happiness. B Digitized by Google 2 VEDIC HYMNS. NOTES. The hymn is ascribed to Madhukkkandas VaisvAmitra, and may possibly belong to an author of the VisvAmitra family. See my Prolegomena, p. 261. Metre, Gayatrt, The hymn has been translated and commented upon by M.M., Physical Religion, pp. 170-173. Verse I = TS. IV, 3, 13,3; MS. IV, 10,5. Verse 3 = TS. III, I, 11, I ; IV, 3, ]3,5; MS. IV, 10,4 (IV, 14, 16). Verse 4 = TS. IV, I, II, I; MS. IV, 10,3. Verse 7 = SV. I, 14. Verses 7-9 = VS. III, 22-24; TS. I, 5, 6, 2; MS. 1,5,3· Verse 1. Bote 1. This verse being the first verse of the Rig-veda as we now possessit, seemsalready to have occupiedthe same position in the time of the author of-the hymns X, 20-26. For, after a short benediction, the opening words of this collection of hymns are also agnim ile,' I magnify Agni.' Compomy Prolegomena, p. 231. Bote 2. The verb which I translate by , magnify' -being well aware that it is impossible to do full justice to its meaning by such a translation-is td. There seems to me no doubt that this verb is etymologically connected with the substantives ish,' food,' id, ldA,irA(not with the root yag of which Brugmann, Indogermanische Forschungen I, 17I, thinks). We need not ask here whether the connection between ttl and Ish is effected by a ' Wurzeldeterminativ ' (root-determinative) d-in this case we should have here id for izhd, comp, nida for nizhda, pid for pizhd, &c.; see Brugmann's Grundriss, vol. i, § 59I-or whether id is a reduplicated present of id (of the type described by Brug• mann, Grundriss, vol. ii, p. 854; comp, {rte, &c.). The original meaning of ide at all events seems to be 'I give sap or nourishment.' Now in the Vedic poetry and ritual, the idea of sap or nourishment is especially connected with the different products coming from the cow, milk and Digitized by Google MANDALA It HYMN I. butter. The footsteps of the goddess Id! drip with butter. The words' agnim ide' seem to me, consequently, originally to convey the idea of celebrating Agni by pouring sacrificial butter into the tire. There is a number of passages in the Rig-veda which, in my opinion, show clear traces of this original meaning of the verb. Thus we read X, 53, 2. yagamahai yagii{y~n banta devan ilamahai idyAn dgyena, , let us sacrifice (yag) to the gods to whom sacrifice is due; let us magnify (id) with butter those to whom magnifying is due.' V, 14, 3. tam hi scisvantak Vate sruk~ devam ghritaskUtA agnlm havyaya v61have,'for all people magnify this god Agni with the butter-dripping sacrificial spoon. that he may carry the sacrificial food.' V, 28, I. devdn Van! havlshA ghritUi, C magnifying the gods with sacrificial food, (the spoon) filled with butter.' Compoalso I, 84, 18; VI, 70, 4; VIII, 74, 6; X, I 18, .~.
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