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CENSUS OF 1991

SERIES - 12

KERALA

PART II-A

GENERAL POPULATION

TABLES

DIRECTORATE OF CENSUS OPERATIONS,

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78"

KERALA

Q.II~I~q; ~ ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS 1991

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n' ..' ..' ,i INDIA POSITION OF KERALA IN INDIA 1991

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CONTENTS

Page

PREFACE ix

GENERAL NOTE 1-8

A-1 : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION 9-72 Fly-leaf 11 T~A-1 37 Annexure.to A-1 Details of Urban Agglomerations lying in two taluks with its constituent units 51 Appendix 1 - Statement showing 199 t territorial units and changes during 198 t -91 53 Appendix 2 - Number and population of viDages with population of 5,000 and over and of towns with population under 5,000 58 Appendix 3 - Houseless and institutional population 60 Annexure to Appendix 3 71

A-2: DECADAL VARIATION IN POPULATION SINCE 1901 73-96

Fly-leaf 75 TableA-2 93 Appendix- State and districts at the 1991 census showing 1981 area and powlation according to territorial jurisdktion in 1981, change in populatioil of 1981 adjusted to jurisdiction of 1991 96

A-3 : VILLAGES CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION SIZE 97-109

Fly-leaf 99 TableA-3 104

A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 190 1 111-163

FIy--leaf 112 TableA-4 J34 Appendix 1 - New towns added In 199 t and toWnS in 1981 declassified in t 991 160 Appendix 2 - Places with a population of under 5,000 classified as towns for the first time in t 991 163 Appendix 3- Places with a population of under 5,000 in 1981 which were towns in 1981 but have been declassified in 1991 163 Appendix 4 - Changes between 198 t and t 991 in area and population of towns and reasons for change in area 163

A-5 : STANDARD URBAN AREAS 165-215 fly-Leaf 193 TabieA-5 202

vB ANNEXURES 217-

ANNEXURE A - SCHEDULES 217 (i) Houselist 219 (ii) Enterprise List 220 (iii) Household Schedule 221 (iv) Individual Slip 223 (v) PGDHTP Schedule 225 Annexure B­ Instructions to Enumerators for filling up the Houselist 227 AnnexureC­ Instructions to Enumerators for filling up the Enterprise list l63 Annexure D- Instructions to Enumerators for filling up the Household schedule and Individualslip 273

MAPS

General

1. Administrative Divisions - 1991 iii 2. Position of Kerala in India - 1991 v 3. Changes in Administrative Boundaries 1981 -1991 13 4. Urban Population - 1991 25 5. Density of Population - 1991 33 6. Sex ratio - 1991 35 7. Growth of Population 1981 - 1991 .85 8. Decadal Growth of Population 1901 - 1991 87 9. Growth of Urban Population 1981 - 1991 113 10. Decadal Growth of Urban Population 1901 - 1991 115

Standard Urban Area Maps 167-191

1. 167 2. 169 3 Vadakara 171 4 173 5. 175 6. 177 7. 179 8. 181 9. 183 10. 185 11. 187 12. 189 13. Trivandrum 191

viii PREFACE

The 1991 census of population in Kerala was conducted in February-March 1991 with the sunrise of 1st March 1991 as the reference date. The data collected in the census are being brought out through different series of publications and a wealth of information on the demographic, social and economic characteristics of the people of the state is available in these volumes.

This volume, Part-II A, presents general population tables viz. A-1 : Area, houses and population, A-2 : Decadal variation in population since 1901, A-3 : Villages classified by population size, A-4 : Towns and urban agglomerations classified by population size in 1991 with variation since 1901 and A­ S : Standard Urban Areas. These tables were tabulated manually on full count.

The Introductory Note in the beginning of the volume indicates the basis on which these data were collected. In the Annexure a copy of Houselist, Enterprises list, Household schedule, Individual slip and PGD HTP schedule and the instructions to fill up these schedules have been given to facilitate the reader to know the methodology used during 1991 census to collect the data. Each (able has been introduced with a fly-leaf to appraise the reader the importance of the data presented therein.

This publication is a glowing testimony to the competent leadership and personal involvement of Shri. N.M.Samuel, I.A.S., former Director of Census Operations, Kerala who conducted the 1991 Census. This volume is in fact the product of his dedication and hard work. Shri. N.M.Samuel had to go back to resume his duties under State Government before this volume could be finalised and printed. The entire credit for the successful operation of 1991 census goes to Shri. N.M. Samuel.

The data presented in this volume are the outcome of the census operations which were carried out through the agency of the State Government. The field operations were executed by District Collectors, Deputy Collectors, DFOs, Tahsildars, Municipal/Corporation Commissioners etc. who were designated as Principal Census Officers, District Census Officers, Charge Officers etc. I wish to express gratitude to the for their help and support throughout the Census Operations.

The tables presented in this volume are mainly compiled from Primary Census Abstract. The tabula­ tion of census data and preparation of PCA were initially done in the Regional Tabulation Offices under the supervision of Shri. K.Valsalan, Kum. Jiju George(Kannur), S/Shri. P.C.John(Palakkad), T.K\M. Pillai (Kochi), N.A.Krishnan Kutty (Kottayam) and S.(Trivandrum), Regional Deputy Directors. Their valuable contributions is acknowledged with extreme gratitude.

At the Census Directorate ShrLS.Jayashanker (retired), Shri. K.Gopinathan, Deputy Directors, Smt. C.Kamalam, Assistant Director and late Smt. K.Sulabhamma, Investigator did an excellent job in bringing out this volume with the remarkable assistance of Smt. M.K. Vilasini, Smt. R.Krishna Kumari, Statistical Assistants, Smt. S.Radhamoni, Smt. Jolly Sukesh and Smt. Graceamma John, Comp.utors. ShrL .B.B.Jain, Senior Geographer, Smt. N.S.Renuka Kumari, Geographer, Shri. S.Krishna Pill ai, Shri. N.Venu , Shri. V.Thulaseedharan and Shri. A.Sadasivan Asari, Artists have prepared the maps in this volume.

The data entry and word processing for the volume was done by Shri. K. V. Vinod and Shri. V.M.Krishna Raju, Data Entry Operators Grade 'B' of this office. The printing and proof reading was attended by ShrLV.Rajasekharan Nair, Statistical Assistant, Smt. E.Rahima Beevi and Shri. T.Chandranandan Nair, Computors. Shri. N.Muralidharan Nair, Senior translator has done the translation for preparing the ~. Hindi version. Several other members of this Directorate have ~ helped at different stages in brii1ging out this volume. The services rendered by all these persons are recorded with apprecia.don.

The Census operations are so vast an exercise that no single person can possibly lay ~Iaim to the credit. But I must express my deep sense of gratitude to Shri. A.R.Nanda, lAS, former Registrar General, India. All through the work of organising and conducting the census and tabulation we were sustained by ix his prompt guidance and all out support. I am also grateful to Dr. M.Vijayanunni, lAS, the present Registrar General, India for all the valuable help and guidance received subsequently. I am also grateful to the Deputy Registrar General(C&T), the Deputy Registrar General (SSt and the Deputy Registrar General (Map) and their staff for promptly scrutinising the tables and maps and offering valuable suggestions. Shri. H.K.)hamb, Printing Officer was very much helpful to make arrangements for printing this volume.

I also express my thanks to the Manager, Assistant Manager and Staff of the Government of India Press who have undertaken the task of printing this voluminous publication.

A.G.Bhaskaran Deputy Director Trivandrum 14.05.1997

x GENERAL NOTE The 1991 Census enumeration was conducted dur­ sion, the State Government, Universities, demographic and ing February - March 1991 with sunrise of 1st March 1991 population institutions, research institutions and individual as the reference poine of time. The houseless persons were experts and scholars. Based on the discussion in the confer­ enumerated 011 the night of 28th February and a revisional ence the questionnaires were amended and placed before round was conducted from 1st March to 5th March, 1991. the Advisory Committee. The Advisory Committee vetted the census questionnaires which were listed in selected areas Upto 1931, the census enumeration was done in one during November-December 1988 with the help of staff of day. From 1941 onwards it was spread over a certain pe­ census organisaton. In Kerala, the questionnaires in respect riod. The latter procedure was followed in 1991 also. The of Houselist, Houeshold Schedules and Individual Slips were enumeration commenced on 10th February and ended with pretested in the field in 13 blocks in rural areas and 7 blocks 28th February, 1991. With a view to bring the count made in urban areas in English. As a result of this first pretest during these days up-to-date as on 1st March, 1991, a certain changes were made in the Questionnaires which were revisional round was conducted from 1st March to 5th March, again submitted to Advisory Committee for their opinion. i 991 during which the enumerator visited every household, Based on their recommendation, the second pretest was held cancelled the enumeration of any persons who died between during 19th June to 10th July, 1989 by using the staff drawn the date of enumeration and the sunrise of 1st March, 1991 from among the local school teachers. All the instructions and enumerated every child born during this period. If the and schedules were in . Based on the experiences enumerator came across a visitor in any household who had from the two pretests, the questionnaires were again consid­ come to stay during the above period and had not been enu­ ered by the Advisory Committee in Nov. 1989 and final­ merated elsewhere he was also enumerated. But no notice ised by the Government of India. The final questionnaires was taken of any birth or death or visit occurring after the were of 3 forms (i) Houselist (Ii) Household schedule (iii) sunrise of 1st March, 1991. In this way the enumeration Individual slip. though spread over a period of 20 days was brought upto date as on the sunrise of 1st March, 1991. The house less The third economic census of the Central Statistical persons were enumerated on the night of 28th February, Organisation (CSO) was integrated with the houselisting op­ 1991 at the places where they were found at that time. In eration and an enterprise list developed by eso was can­ respect of mobile population who were in transit throughout vassed along with houselist. The filled in Enterprise List was the period of enumeration were enumerated on the night of handed over to the Department of Economics and Statistics 26th February, 1991 provided they were not enumerated for processing and dissemination of data. elsewhere. In the case ofcrew and passengers of any ship or any other vessels which touched any port or had already Improvement made in the f 991 Census been in the port between 10th February, 1991 and sunrise of 1st March, 1991 they were enumerated in the ship or The special features of the 1991 census as compared other vessels provided they were not enumerated elsewhere to the previous census are briefly given below. in India. The temporary residents in hotels, touristbunga­ lows and similar institutions of temporary halts were enu­ (i) The houselist was expanded to cover some more in­ merated on 26th and 27th February, 1991 and those in formation relating to housing and household ameni­ residential , TB sanatorium, leprosy hospitals or asy­ ties which was collected during the main census in lums, jails, mental hosp-itals, penal institutions etc. were enu­ 1981. "Type of fuel for cooking" and "Availability merated on the 26th and 27th February, 1991. The method of toilet facility" to the household were introduced of enumeration followed in the census was the canvasser for the first time in the house list. method in which an enumerator himself called at every house­ hold or on every human being and noted down particulars (Ii) 'Mother tongue' and 'Religion' were recorded in relating to the household and individuals in appropriate forms. 'household schedule'. By using the Household Sched­ ules (HHS) we could prepare the Primary Census Abstract (PCA) with 9 fold industrial categories upto Preparatory measures village/town/ward level and mother tongue and reli­ gion data upto taluk/town level. The preparation for the 199 t census of India which commenced in 1987 took active part when 1st Data Users (iii) The basic census data will be presented for the first Conference was held during April 18-20, 1988 to consider time for each CD. Block in rural areas in addition to draft questionnaire, conceptional changes etc. The t>ata Users other levels like taluk/districtlstate. Conference was attended by representatives of the impor­ tant Ministries of Government of India, Planning Commis- (iv) Question on Ex-service men and their status as pen- sioner or non-pensioner was collected for the first Abstract (PCA) is another important general population ta­ time in this census. ble which gives particulars relating to area, occupied residen­ tial houses, households, population by sex, number of SC&ST, (v) In the 1981 census, the children in the age group 0- literate and educated persons, population in the age group 4 were considered as illiterate where as in 1991 cen­ 0-6, main workers by nine broad industrial categories, mar­ sus the children below 6 years of age were consid­ ginal workers and non-workers. The state PCA gives figures ered as illiterate even if the child was going to school for State/district while the district PCA's give figures for dis­ and might have picked up reading and writing a few trict/CD Blocks//towns. Appendix to District PCA gives odd words. figures for districts and taluks. The PCA's and its appendi­ ces will form part II-B. (vi) The concepts and definitions relating to economic questions adopted in 1981 were retained in 1991 Houselist also. But the questions were framed in such a way as to help netting the unpaid workers in farm or in fam­ It is quite essential to locate and to identify all the ily enterprise. Stress was given to the economic ac­ places which were occupied or used by people before the tivity of women and children. For this the instruc­ actual conduct of enumeration. Thus houselisting is a pri­ tions to enumerators were expanded and emphasis mary but it is a very important basic step in this census. The was laid on the need to ask probing question regard­ houselisting operations were conducted in the month of May­ ing the work done at any time at all last year or any of June, 1990 in the state. The main objective of this opera­ the seasons in the reference period in the case of tion was to collect some basic information which would help women. In forming the enumeration blocks for the census enumera­ tor. The house list also served as a frame for listing the enter­ (vii) It is proposed to tabulate cent per cent data on main prises for which a separate Enterprise list was canvassed along workers other than cultivators and agricultural labour­ with the houselisting operations. This data which was col­ ers, marginal workers and non-workers seeking/ avaIl­ lected during the houselisting operation of 1991 census will able for work. In 1981 this tabulation was based on be compiled and tabulated by Central Statistical Organisa­ 20 percent. tion at the national level and by the Bureau of Economics and Statistics, Kerala at the state level. (viii) The question on seeking/available for work was asked in the 1991 census only in respect of non workers The houselist included questions about the purpose and not for marginal workers also as was done in 198 I for which each census house is used, number of persons census. Further in the case of those seeking/available usually residing in each household, the materials used for for work, a question whether they had ever worked construction of floors, walls and roofs and amenities avail­ before was asked. This will help in knowing the num­ able in the house such as drinking water, toilet, electricity, bers of fresh entrants to the labour force. fuel used for cooking etc. Details about materials used for the construction of the house, amenities etc included in the (ix) While collecting the information on reasons for mi­ household schedule of 1981 census were included in the gration two more reasons namely business and natu­ houselist of 199 I census. ral calamities like draught, flood etc. were added in 1991 census by assigning separate codes. Enterprise list The basic data of 199 I census tabulated on full count The Enterprise list canvassed along with the houselist, are presented in this volume. They appear in S main tables. contained details on various enterprises conducted in the census houses as well as in open space. The data collected in Al - Area, houses and population Economic census through the enterprise list will be published by the Central Statistical Organisation at the national level A2 - Decadal variation in population since 1901 and by the Department of Economics and Statistics at the state level. The data included description of enterprises, ag­ A3 - Villages classified by population ricultural or non-agricultural, seasonal or non-seasonal, own­ ership, fuel used, number of workers etc. A4 - Towns and urban agglomerations classified by population in 1991 with variation since 1901. Household Schedule AS - Standard Urban Areas. This schedule was intended to give only basic data on For all these tables (Except Table AS) some appendi­ the numerical strength of the household. The data in the ces have been included which either explain or elaborate the household schedules were same as collected in the Individual data included in the concerned tables. The Primary Census Slip. 2 Individual Slip besides identification particulars of location code and serial number of household. The questions in the Individual slip This is the basic schedule of 1991 census. It was are broadly categorized as demographic, social and cultural canvassed during the enumeration period in respect of every and economic as follows. indMdual irrespective of age and sex. Ie contained 2 J questions •

Demographic Sodal & Cultural Economic Activity I. Relationship to head I. Marital Status t. Main activity 2. Sex 2. Mother Tongue 2. Secondary work J. Age J. Two ocher laneuages known J. Marginal work 4. Migration 4. Religion 4. Seekinclavailable for work a) Birth Place 5. SC/ST b) last residence 6. literacy Special Questions c) Reasons for migration 7. Educational attainments d) Duration of residence 8. Auending school/college . i) Ex-service men or not 5. Fertility ii) If Ex-service men i) For ever married women pensioner/non-pensioner a) Age at marriage b) No. of children surviving c) No. of children ever born alive Ii) For currently married women. Any child born alive during las~ one year.

Post Graduate Degree Holders and Technical showing the updated boundaries of the districts and bounda­ Personnel Schedule ries of taluk within the districts were also finalised for all the A P. G. Degree Holders and Technical Personnel 14 distriCts. (PGDHTP) schedule was issued to every Post Graduate as also a person with a technical diplomaor degree and The notional maps were prepared for each village/ a person with acertif icate from the Industrial Training town showing the location of enumeration blocks within the Institute (ITI). Th e items covered under the PGDHTP village or town. In the notional maps some topographical schedule were name, date of birth, designation and details, viz. permanent features and land marks such as the address, sex, details of academic qualifications, post graduate academic specialization, present status of village site, well known roads carttracks, hills, river, names of emp loyment, income, visi t to abroad for study, training hamlets etc. were shown. In addition to notional maps the and employment. A specimen each of Houselist, layout sketch maps were prepared for each block. In the Enterprise list, Household Schedule, Individul slip layout sketch maps every single building and house in the and PG Degree Holders and Technical Personnel Schedule is given in Annexure A. The detailed block was shown with pucca and kachcha houses with specific instructions for filling up the Houselist, Household signs such as squares and triangles respectively. Such maps Schedule and Individul Slip are given in Annexures were prepared during both the stages of house listing and B toD. enumeration in respect of all the blocks in the state. Preparation of maps Rural/Urban Areas The preparation of maps at various levels is one of the It has been the practice in census to present data preliminary task of census. It is the primary objective of separately for rural and urban areas. Census statistics of the census that every person in the country is enumerated only rural and urban population have many important uses. What once and without any omission. In order to achieve this the constitutes an urban area in census is based on certain crite­ entire state was mapped out for districts, taluks and ultimately ria adopted at each census. The basic unit for rural areas is every village and town was mapped which are the basic ad­ the revenue village with definite surveyed boundaries. ministrative areas of habitation. The concept of town, urban agglomeration and stand­ The taluk map showing the boundaries of each village ard urban areas have been given in detail in the fly-leaves to within the taluk were prepared and finalised in consultation A series tables. with the Directorate of Survey and Land records. The juris­ Census Hierarchy dictional changes such as amalgamation of villages, transfer of villages from one taluk to another were also corrected and Census is a Union subject under the charge of Minis­ verified on maps accordingly. Similarly the district maps try of Home Affairs. The Registrar General and Census 3 Commissioner of India is responsible for conducting the popu­ 1989. In October1989, the state government issued notifi­ lation census of the country. For each of the State/UT an cation under the Census Act 1948 appointing District Col­ officer designated as Director of Census Operations is ap­ lectors, Deputy Collectors(General), Revenue Divisional Of­ pointed to cany out the census work. The arrangements for ficers/Sub Collectors, Tahsildars, Divisional Forest Officers/ the census taking in Kerala were commenced in June 1987 Wild Life Preservation Officers/Commissioner of Corpora­ taking steps to procure jurisdictiooal maps and list of vil­ tions, , Executive Officers of Townships/Can­ lages/towns and constituent units. The Director of Census tonments etc. as census charge officers. The charge officers Operations, Kerala assumed office on 30th June, 1989 and in turn appointed the enumerators and supervisors. The thereafter the census work commenced in full swing. The following organisation chart depicts the census hierarchy in notification issued by Government of India on the taking of Kerala. census of india 1991 was republished in the State Gazette in

ORGANISATION CHART

DIRECTOR OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, KERALA

PRINCIPAL CENSUS OFFICER (DISTRICT COLLECTOR) ASSISTED BY DISTRICT CENSUS OFFICER (DY.COLLECTOR,GENERAL)

SUB-DIVISIONAL CENSUS OFFICER (REVENUE DIVISIONAL OFFICER/SUB-COLLECTOR)

CENSUS CHARGE OFFICER TAHSILDAR COMMISSIONER OF EXECUTIVE OFFICER DIVISIONAL FOREST DESIGNATED OFFICER FOR TALUK CORPORA TION/ CANTONMENT / OFFICER FOR MIUT ARY AREAS (EXCLUDING TOWNSHIP, TOWN FOR RESERVE/ AND PORT MUNICIPAL PLANNER VESTED FOREST AREAS, FOREST IDUKKI TOWNSHIP DIVISION/WILD LIFE AREAS AND PRESERVATION OTHER SPECIAL OFFICER AREAS)

CENSUS SUPERVISOR FOR CENSUS CIRCLE

CENSUS ENUMERATOR FOR CENSUS BLOCK

Training conducted three rounds of training classes to all the Super­ visors/Enumerators including those appointed as reserve The importance of training the officials at all levels Supervisors/Enumerators. The training schedules, which were who are in charge of the census enumeration work needs no printed in red ink were thoroughly scrutinized in the Census emph(1sis. The quality of census data depends to a large Directorate and detailed circulars pointing out the defects extent on effectiveness of the training given to the field work­ and suggestions were issued. On the whole the training given ers. The various concepts and the method of filling up the was a rewarding as the final results indicate. different schedules should be thoroughly understood by the enumeration personnel. With this objective a three tier train­ The Census Act ing was programmed by the Directorate during both houselisting and enumeration. At the state level the officials The statutory frame for the census of India is the of the Directorate, the Regional officers and other con­ Census Act, 1948. The population census is conducted cerned personnel were first given detailed instruction. At under the Census Act No.XXXVII of 1948 and under this the second stage, the training classes were conducted at the Act various census functionaries are appointed. This Act district head quarters and in the training the District Collec­ empowers the central government to notify and conduct cen­ tors and other district officials besides the charge officers sus in the whole or part of the country. The Registrar Gen­ (i.e. Tahsildars and Corporation/Municipal Commissioners) eral, India and Director of Census operations are appointed and their sub-ordinate staff associated with census partici­ for supervision and organization of the work of taking census pated. In the third stage charge officers or their deputies in the whole country and in the state respectively. The act

4 also empowers the state or en1powered authority to appoint Census Evaluation Study census officers at various level to aid in the census work. The Act authorises the census personnel to ask the prescribed The census evaluation study was conducted keeping census questions and every person of whom such question up the same time schedule of the PEe. The objective of CES are asked shall be legally bound to answer the same to the is to quantify' the extent of omission or duplication of chil­ best of his knowledge. Provisions exist in the Act for giving dren at the younger ages and to ascertain the correction of certain penalties for non-compliance of direction issued in age reporting of children in census with the help of births connection with census taking. The law also lays down that recorded in Sample Registration System. In this study an the information collected at the census will be used only for attempt to measure the coverage error and content error in statistical purposes and that information about individuals respect of children born to normal resident mothers was made will be kept confidential and cannot be used as evidence even in a sub- sample of SRS units. The filled in schedules were in a court of law. sent to RG, India for further processing and analysis.

Provisional Totals Tabulation and Computerisation

As in the previous census the basic population data at As in the 1981 census, the entire data processing of the country, state, district levels and for big cities were com­ 1991 census barring some minimum manual compilation is piled within a few days after the canvassing of schedules was proposed to be carried out on computer. Except Primary over. The enumerators were asked to prepare working sheets Census Abstract and A-series tables all the other tables are giving certain basic data of every household covered by them. processed on the computer. The Direct Data Entry system This had been done by them at the end of every day after helps to speed up the input. the field work. On the basis of these worksheets an enumera­ tors abstract had to be prepared for each enumerator block. A comprehensive tabulation plan to bring out the The revisional round which took into account births, deaths housing stock, the quality of housing the I socio-economic', etc. (which had occurred after the enumeration but before cultural and demographic profile of the population in general the sunrise of 1st March, 1991) was completed on 5th March, and of the SC&ST in particular and the household economic 1991. The enumerators were asked to complete all the forms situation has been' drawn up to meet the requirement of and hand them over to supervisors alongwith the abstract on various departments of government and other data users 5th March, 1991 itself. The supervisors who are incharge subject to the limitations of time and data input facilities. of 5 blocks each were asked to check up the records fully and hand them over to charge officers on the following day. According to the Tabulation Plan for the 1991 Cen­ ie. 6th March, 1991. The charge officers were asked to sus the following series of tables are to be prepared and pub­ compile the totals for taluks, municipalities etc., and com­ lished. municate the same to the district census officers as well as to the Director of Census Operations by 10th March, 1991. A Series- General Population Tables The District Census Officers were all asked to arrive at dis­ B Series- General Economic Tables trict total figures and intimate the same both to the census C Series- Social & Cultural Tables directorate at Trivandrum as well as Registrar General, India D Series- Migration Tables at New by 10th March, 1991. The provisional popu­ lation of Kerala was communicated to Registrar General In­ F Series- Fertility Tables dia at 4.30 pm on 10th March, 1991. The provisional H Series- Tables on Houses and Household population figures for India and state were finalised by Regis­ amenities trar General, India at lOam on 1Sth March, 1991. The SC Series- Special Tables on SC provisional population data for state and districts were re­ leased by the Director of Census Operations on 27th March, ST Series- Special Tables on ST 1991 through.a press conference. The A Series - General Population Tables, Primary & I Post Enumeration Check Census Abstract and District Census Handbook Part A " Part B for all districts are based on the cent percent manual In the history of census it is an usual practice to carry tabulation and do not contain any tables generated on the out a check survey immediately after the completion of computer. The following publications are based on full count. enumeration work. The main objective of PEC survey was to quantify the likely omissions or duplications in census enu­ Part-II A - General Population Tables meration. The field work of PEC was carried out by the staff Part-II'B - Primary Census Abstract of Directorate during March 1Sth to April, 1Sth 1991. The Part-XII A & B - District Census Handbook filled in schedules were sentto RG's office for further process­ ing. The present volume Part-II A contains S Tables-A 1

S to AS as noted below. 22. Sikkim 28. 23. Al - Area, houses and population 29. Dadra & Nagar Haweli 24. Tripura 1\.2 - Decadal variation in population since 1901 30. Delhi 25. Uttar Pradesh A3 - Villages classified by population size 31. Daman & Diu 26. West Bengal A4 - Towns and urban agglomerations classified by popu­ 32. lation in 1991 with variation since 1901 27. Andaman & Nicobar 33. Pondicherry Islands AS - Standard Urban Areas. In each of these series (for All India and each State/ The 1991 census tables will be published in 33 separate UT) the different series of tables will be brought out as dif­ series of volumes for All India and for each state and . ferent parts. Apart from these, District Census Handbook will be published for each district in the country. This will Series Number contain

1. India a) District PCA (Development Block & Town) b) Village PCA for each taluk States and Union Territories c} Ward wise PCA for each town 2. Andhra Pradesh 12. Kerala d} District PCA for SC & ST {Development Block & Town} 3. Assam 13. Madhya Pradesh e) PanchayatiWard PCA 4. Arunachal Pradesh 14. Maharashtra o Village & Town Directories. 5. Bihar 15. Manipur 6. 16. Meghalaya Village & Town Directories comprise compilation of 7. Gujarat 17. Mizoram statistics, external to census relating to the villages and towns, which in conjunction with census data will be very useful to 8. Haryana 18. Nagaland data users. 9. Himachal Pradesh 19. Orissa For All India and for each State & UT the census 10. and Kashmir 20. Punjab tabulation and reports will be published according to the fol­ 11. 21. Rajasthan lowing·plan.

Part No. and subject covered Sub-Part No. if any and the topics covered

2

Part-I - Administration Report Part-I A Administration Report-Enumeration (for official use only) Part-I BAdministration Report-Tabulation

Part-II General Population Tables Part-II A General Population Tables-A Series.

Part-II B Primary Census Abstract.

Part-III General Economic Tables Part-IIIA-B series tables of first stage which will be brought out on 10% sample in respect of major states and on full count in respect of smaller states and union territories.

Part-IIIB-B series tables of second stage which will be brought out on full count. The data relating HH I, OW, Marginal workers and Non­ workers seeking/available for work will be entered on full count basis Part-IV Social and Cultural Tables Part-IV A-C series tables of first stage covering age, sex and marital status composition of population, single year age returns, educational levels, school attendance and bilingualism. Part-IVB-C Series tables covering mother tongue, religion of popUla­ tion and household composition. 6 Part No. and subject covered Sub-Part No. if any and the topics covered

2 Part-V Migration Tables Part-VA-D Series tables of first stage covering tables based on 10% sample in respect of major states and on full count in respect of smaller states and union territories.

Part-V8-D series tables of second stage covering occupational classifi­ cation of migrant workers. These tables are based on full count.

Part-VI-Fertility Tables F-Series tables of first stage which will be brought out on 10% sample in respect of major states and on full count in respect of smaller states and union territories.

Part-VII Tables on Houses and H-Series tables covering census houses and the uses to which these are Household Amenities put, construction material of wall, roof and floor of the census houses occupied by households, tenure status of the house occupied and number of living rooms, household size, housing facilities like drinking water, electricity and toilet available to households and fuel used by the house­ hold for cooking. These tables will also cover tables on scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. This volume will contain analytical notes also.

Part-VIII special tables on This part will contain SC and ST series of tables for Scheduled Castes Scheduled Castes & Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Tribes respectively. The data relating to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes will be entered on full count basis in the third stage and Sc/ST tables will be processed on the computer on full count. These will cover population of each Scheduled Caste/Tribe, industrial categories of main and marginal workers, non-workers, seeking/avail­ able for work and those who never worked before, educational [evel, school level, school attendance, age, sex and marital status, composi­ tion of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. In addition to these the fertility tables relating to SC/ST are also covered. These tables also cover for scheduled tJibes, their composition by religion, mother tongue and bilingualism.

Part-IX Town Directory, Survey Part-IX A - Town Directory Report on Towns and Villages Part-IX B-Survey Report on selected towns Part-IX C-Survey Report on selected villages.

Part-X Ethnographic notes and special studies on Scheduled Castes and Sched­ uled Tribes.

Part-XI Census Atlas Union and State/Union territory census atlas

Part-XII District Census Handbook Part-XIIA Village and Town Directory. Part-XII B Village and Town wise Primary Census Abstract.

Some special studies of t 99 t census data will be pub­ the basic data in machine readable forms such as magnetic lished as occasional papers of the t 991 census. tapes, diskettes, floppies etc.

It is also proposed to disseminate census tabulations and

7

A l-AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION

A-I AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION

Fly Leaf

Table A-1 is similar to the corresponding general 1384 villages 1259 villages have a population of 5000 and population table of previous census. This table gives the area above. In 1991 there is only one town with a population of in square kilometre, density of population (per square less than 5000 Le. Kannur cantonment. kilometre), number of inhabited and uninhabited villages, number of towns, number of occupied residential houses, Appendix-3 gives houseless and institutional number of households and population by sex according to population along with the number of such households. the 1991 census. The data are presented upto taluk level for rural areas and upto the town level for urban areas. This Changes in jurisdiction since 1981 table has three appendices. The present Kerala State was formed on 1st November Appendix-[ shows the 1991 territorial units (districts 1956 under the State Re-organisation Act by the integration and taluks) and the details of changes that have taken place of and taluk of South Kanara to 1981 territorial units by addition or subtraction of areas district of the erstwhile with Cochin during the intercensal period of 1981 to 1991. Only those State (excluding Thovala, Agastheeswaram, Kalkulam, units which have undergone changes during the intercensal Vilavancode and Shencotta taluks). After its f0n11ation there period are shown in the appendix. was no further changes in its jurisdiction at the state level. After 1981 Census two new districts (Kasaragod and Appendix-2 shows the number and population of ) and four new taluks (Mallappally, , villages with population of 5000 and over in 1991 and the Kozhenchery and ) were formed. Details of changes number of towns having population below 5000. Out of in jurisdiction are as follows:

Details of changes in Jurisdiction Notification order No. and date

1.

Kasaragod district was newly formed comprising of Kasaragod G.O (MS) No. 520184/RD Dated 19.5.1984 and Hosdurg taluks of erstwhile . (fom1edon24thMay 1984)

2. Kannur district

Kasaragod and Hosdurg taluks were transferred to the newly G.O (MS) No. 520/84/RD Dated 19.5.1984 formed Kasaragod district. (fonnedon24thMay 1984)

3.

1. taluk A portion of Kuppathodu village of Manathavady taluk has been transferred to Sultan'S Battery taluk. 2 Vychiri taluk Nadavayai village of taluk has been transferred to G.O. (MS) No. 462185IRD Dated 8.5.1985 Sultan's Battery taluk. :1 Sultan's Battery taluk ~ A portion of Kuppathodu village of Manathavady taluk and village of Vythiri taluk have been added to Sultan'S Battery taJuk.

4.

1. Quilandy taluk village of Quilandy taluk was transferred to Badagara tal uk G.O. (MS) No. 460/8S/RD Dated 8.5. 1985. 2 Badagara taluk Velom village of Quilandy taluk was added to Badagara taluk. 11 Details of changes in Jurisdiction Notification order No. and date 5. district

A portion of village of Ernad taluk was transferred G.O. (MS) No. 368/83/RD to Pudur village of Mannarghat taluk of Pal ghat district. Dated 12.4. t 983 t. Ernad taluk

A portion of 505 acres of Karuvarakundu village of Emad taluk was G.O. (MS) No. 368/83/RD transferred to Pudur village of Mannarghat taluk of Pal ghat district. Dated 12.4.1983

6. .

A portion of Karuvarakundu village of ernad taluk of Malappuram Dis- G.O. (MS) No. 368/83/RD trict was added to Pudur village ofMannarghat taluk of Palghat district Dated 12.4. t 983

1. Mannarghat taluk

A portion of 505 acres of Karuvarakundu village of Ernad taluk of G.O. (MS) No. 368/83/RD was added to Pudur village of mannarghat taluk Dated 12.4. t 983. of Palghat district

7.

Kakkanadanthuruthu and Suklanthuruth of Puthenvelikkara village G.O. (MS) No.881/85/RD 0;tOO20.9.1985 ofParur taluk (area 6.4225 hectares) ofEmakulam district have been added to village of Kodungallurta(uk ofTrichur district.

1. taluk

l Kakkanadanthuruthu and Suklanthuruth of Puthenvelikkara village G.O. (MS) No. 881/85/RD Om! 20.9.1985 ofParurtaluk (area 6.4225 Hec) of Emakulam district have been added to Methala village of Kodungallur tal uk of Trichur district.

8. district

Kakkanadanthuruthu and Suklanthuruth of Puthenvelikkara village of G.O. (MS) No. 881185IRD Om! 20.9.1985 Parur taluk have been transferred to Methala village of Kodungallur taluk ofT richur district.

1.

Kakkanadanthuruthu and Suklanthuruth ofPuthenvelikkara village of G.O.(MS) No. 881/85/RO D

Portions of Veliyathunadu and Kadungallurkara of Alwayewest G.O. No. has not been mentioned. village were included in Parur taluk (Office letter No. E4420/88 dated 26.4.88)

2 taluk

Some portions of village of taluk G.O. No. has not been mentioned. (Plantation Corpn. area) was added to village. Portion ofVeliyathunadu and Kadungallurkara of Alwayewest village were transferred to Parur tal uk.

12 77·

Noiwly·lormed Ko.arago

KILOMETRES 20 10 0 20 40 60

BOUNDARIES: STATE IUT. __ _ DISTRICT " ... __ ._._

".

<

IJ\

c

9 A p<>rtion 01 KarthlgoppoHy !aluk 01 Alappuzho district transferred to Karunagappoliy toluk 01 .

75' EA 5T OF GREENWICH n·

Based upon Survey of India map with the permisSIon 01 the The teni~orial waters of looio extend inlo the seQ to Q distance of © Government of IndiaCopyright,1998 Surveyor General of IndIO twelve nautical miltS_ measured from the appropriate baSI line.

Details of changes in Jurisdiction Notification order No. and date 3. Kunnathunad taluk

Some portion of Kombanad village of Kunnathunad taluk (Plantation Corpn. area) was added to Ayyampuzha village

9.

North Pamba Valley area and areas around Sannidhanam G.O. (MS) No.1 026182IRD Date:l23.1 0.1982. of Mlappara village of Peennade taluk were transferred to Ranni taluk ofPathanamthitta district.

I. Peennade taluk

North Pamba Valley area and areas around Sabarimala Sannidhanam of G.O. (MS) No.1 026/82IRD Date:l29.1 0.1982 Mlappara village were transferred to Ranni taluk of .

10.

I. taluk

Kootickal village was transferred from Meenachil taluk to G.O. (MS) No. 608/83/RD Date:lI.6.1983 Kanjirapally taluk.

2 taluk

Kootickal village of Meenachil taluk was added to Kanjirappally G.O.(MS) No. 608/83/RD Dated 1.6.1983 and ·taluk. bysubsequentG.O. (MS) No.608/85/RDdated 12.6.1985

I 1 .

A portion ofValiya Azheekal kara of village in Karthigapally G.O. (MS) No. 1026/82IRD taluk has been transferred to Karunagappally taluk of Quilon district Dated 29. 10. 1982. and four villages of taluk, two villages of taluk and taluk as a whole have been transferred to the newly formed Pathanamthitta district

1. Karthigappally taluk

A portion of Valiya Azheekal kara of Arattupuzha village of G.O. (MS) No. I 42185/RD Dated 12.2.1985 Karthigappally taluk has been transferred to Karunagappally taluk of Quilon district.

2 Chengannur taluk

Aranmula, , and villages were G.O. (MS) No. 1026/821RD dated 29.10.82 transferred to taluk of Pathanamthitta district. and G.O. (MS) No. I028/821RD dated :D1QI982

3. Mavelikkara taluk

Panda lam Thekkakara and Thonnallur villages were transferred to G.O. (MS) No. 1026/82IRD Adoor taluk of Pathanamthitta district. Dated 29.10.1982.

15 Details of changes in Jurisdiction Notification order No. and date

4 Thiruvalla taluk

Thiruvalla taluk as a whole have been transferred to the newly G.O. (MS) No.1 026182JRD fanned Pachanamchicca district. Dated 29. 10. 1982

1 2. Pathanamthitta district

Pathanamthitta district was newly fanned comprising the portions of G.O. (MS) No.1 026/82/RD Quilon, Alleppey and Idukki Districts. Dated 29.10.1982.

1. Kozhencherry taluk

Kozhencherry taluk was newly constituted with 17 villaged from G.O. (MS) No. 6521831RD Pathanamthitta taluk of erstwhile Quilon district and 4 villages Dated 9.6.1983 from Chengannur taluk of erstwhile Alleppey district.

A portion of Ranni village of Ranni ta[uk has also been transferred G.O. (MS) No.1 026/82/RD to Kozhencherry taluk. D

2. Ranni t..luk

Ranni taluk was newly constituted with nine villages of G.O. (MS) No. 652/83/RD Pathanamthitta tal uk of erstwhile Quilon district and one Dated 9.6.1983 village of Thiruvalla taluk of erstwhile Alleppey district.

North Pamba valley area and area around Sabarimala G.O.(MS) No.1 026/82/RD Sannidhanam ofMlappara village of Peennade taluk of D

3 Adoor taluk

Fonnation of a new taluk by name Adoor consisting of nine villages G.O. (P) No,6521831RD Dated 9.6.1983. from Kunnathur taluk of erst while Quilon district and two villages of Mavelikkara taluk of Alleppey district.

Pallikkal village was transferred from Kunnathur taluk G.O. (P) No. 126/901RD Dated 31.1.1990

4 Thiruvalla taluk

Thiruvalla taluk was re-constituted with nine vj[[ages. One viJ(age G.O. (P) No. 652/83/RD Dated 9.6.1983 transferred to Ranni taluk.

5

Mallappally taluk was constituted with eight villages of fanner G.O. (P) No. 6521831RD Dated 9.6.1983 Thiruvalb taluk.

1 3. Kollam district

A porrion of Valia Azheekal kara of Arattupuzha village was added G.O. (MS) No. ) 42/85/RD from Kanhigappally taluk of Alleppey district to AlJppad village of Dated 12.L. 1985 Karunagappally taluk of Quilon district.

Nine villages were transferred to Newly fanned Pathanamthitta G.O. (MS) No.1 026/821831RD district from Kunnathur taluk of Quilon district. D

Kunnathur taluk is re-constituted with nine villages. 16 Details of changes in Jurisdiction Notification order No. and date Pathanamthitta taluk was wholly transferred to newly formed G.O. (P) No. 652183IRD Dated 9.6.1983. Pathanal11thitta district.

1. Karunagappally taluk

Mynagappally and villages of Karunagappally taluk has G.O. (P) No. 652183JRD Dated 9.6.1983 been transferred to Kunnathur taluk

Thevalakkara village was re-transferred to Karunagappally taluk. G.O (P) No. 953/83/RD Dated 5.10.1983. A portion of Valiya Azheekkal kara of Arattupuzha village in G.O.{MS)No.142/85/RD Karthigappally taluk has been transferred to Karunagappally taluk Dated 12.2. 1985

2. Kunnathur taluk

Kunnathur taluk was reconstituted with nine villages. G.O (P) No. 652/83/RD Dated 9.6.1983. Nine villages were transferred to newly formed Pathanamthitta district. G.O. (MS) No. 1026/82IRD Dated 29.1 0.1982 Thevalakkara village Re-transferred to Karunagappally taluk G.O.(p) No. 953/83/RD dated 5.10.1983 PaIIikkaI village transferred to Adoor taluk ofPathanamthitta district. G.O. (MS) No. 126/90/RD Dated 31.1. 1990.

3. taluk

An area of 110 Hectare 12 Ares 55 mtrs. from village have As per letter No A-4-3700/88 been transferred to and Channa petta villages of dated 6.5.88(From the Tahsildar taluk. Kottarakkara) G.O. has not been mentioned. 4 Pathanapuram taluk . An area of 1 10 Hec.12 Ares 55mtrs. from Ittiva village have As per letter No.A-4-3700/88 been added to Alayamon and Channa petta villages of dated 6.5.1988. G.O No. has not been Pathanapuram taluk. mentioned.

14 Trivandrum District No change at district and taluk level

Areas figures decimal places. The rural area figures of state/ districts/taluk are given by subtracting the total urban area of the concerned The area figures of state and districts which are in inte­ unit from the total. As the talukwise area figures and district gers are supplied by the Surveyor General of India through the wise area figures are based on two different sources, the area Central Statistical Organisation and taken as such without any figures of taluks when added up may not tally with the district change. The tal uk/village/census town/urban outgrowth area figures. figures in hectares are those supplied by the Director of Sur­ vey and Land Records of Kerala State. The area figures for The following statement gives the district wise area fig­ statutory towns are those supplied by the local bodies. The ures supplied by the Surveyor General of I ndia, along with the area figures of individual towns are given in sq.km. upto 2 ranks of each district in respect of area.

17 STATEMENT - 1 Ranking of Districts in Terms of Area

State/ Area in km 2 Proportion to Ranking of District supplied by total area of districts Surveyor State General

KERALA 38,863 100.00

I. Kasaragod 1,992 5.13 13 2. Kannur 2,966 7.63 5 3. Wayanad 2,13 t 5.48 12 4. Kozhikode 2,344 6.03 9 5. Malappuram 3,550 9.14 3 6. Palakkad 4,480 11.53 2 7. Thrissur 3,032 7.80 4 8-. Ernakulam 2,407 6.19 8 9. Idukki 5,019 12.91 10. Kottayam 2,203 5.67 10 I I. Alappuzha 1,414 3.64 14 12. Pathanamthitta 2,642 6.80 6 13. Kollam 2,491 6.41 7 14. Trivandrum 2,192 5.64 II

The above statement shows that Idukki having 5019 (b) a density of population of not less than 400 per­ sq.kms. of area is the largest district In the state followed by sons per sq.km. (1000 persons per sq.mile) Paiakkad with 4480 sq.kms. of area, A1appuzha with 1414 sq.kms. (c) at least three fourth of the male population engaged is smallest district in the state. The newly fonned Pathanamthitta in non agricultural pursuits. district having an area of 2642 sq.kms. comes in the 6th position and Kasaragod with 1992 sq.kms. of area is in the In the 1971 census, the same definition was followed 13th position. Except Alappuzha and Kasaragod all other except for the modification in the third criterion. Instead of at districts have an area above two thousand sq.kms. least three fourth of the male population engaged in non­ agricultural pursuits at least 75 percent of the male working Urban Areas population engaged in non-agricultural pursuits was substi­ tuted. The male working population in non-agricultural pur­ In Table A I, figures under the various columns for each district and taluk are presented separately for rural and urban suits consisted of categories of workers excluding cultivators areas as was being done since 1951. Unifonn definition of an (Category I) and agricultural labourers (Category II) urban area is not followed by all countries and it varies from country to country. In our country all census statistics are In the 198 1 census the same definition adopted in 1971, presented for rural and urban areas separately since 1951 on­ was followed with some minor variation. For applying the third wards. A fairly strict definition of urban area was started to be criterion as indicated earlier, the industria! category III com­ adopted in India from the 1961 census onwards. In the 1961 prising of activities like fishing, plantations, orchards etc. was census a new definition of urban areas as given below was considered as an allied agricultural activity. evolved with a view to bring unifonnity in its application in all States/Union Territories in the country. Ie was decided to retain the same definition at the 1991 census also as this will ensure comparability with previous i) All places with a corporation, municipality, canton­ census and provided the basis for analysis of trends of ment board or notified town area committee urbanisation in the country. For demarcating urban areas in 1991 census aU villages of 1981 census which had a population ii) All other places which satisfied the following criteria. of 4000 and above, a population density of 400 persons per (a) a minimum population of 5000 sq.km. were considered to apply the criteria of atleast 7S per-

18 cent of male main workers engaged in on agricultural pur­ census towns for the 1991 census. suits. Workers in agricultural pursuits included workers in live stock, forestry, fishing, hunting and plantations in cat­ The places which were treated as census towns for egory III besides cultivators and agricultural labourers. As the first time in 1981 census and did not satisfy the above the Primary Census Abstract of 1981 census did not give demographic criteria now, were declassified. The places which separate figures for industrial category III special tabulation were continuing as census towns since 1971 or from earlier han to be undertaken to ascertain the number of male work­ censuses were not considered for declassification. ers in this category in each village and town. Thus all places which were found to satisfy the pre­ This demographic test was also applied to those towns scribed condition were considered as urban and remaining ar­ which had become census towns for the first time in the 1981 eas were treated as rural. The criteria f9r demarcating urban census and those towns which were denotified by the con­ areas adopted in Indian census from 1891 to 1991 is given be­ cerned authorities after the 1981 census. This was done to find low in statement 2 to show the changing definition of urban out whether these towns could be considered for retention as area.

STATEMENT - 2

Test for Eligibility for Places to be treated as Towns 1891-1991

1991 1981 1971 2 3

1) All places with a municipality, corporation, 1. Municipal Corporation 1. Municipal Corporation cantonment board or notified town area com- mittee or townships etc. 2. Municipal Area 2. Municipal Area 2) All other places which satisfy the following 3. Town Committee 3. Town Committee criteria. i) A minimum population of 5000 4. Notified Area Committee 4. Notified Area Committee ii) At least 75 percent of male working population engaged in non-agricultural 5. Cantonment Board 5. Cantonment Board pursuits. iii) A density of population of at least 400 6. All other Places satisfying 6. Selected places with persons per sq.km. the following criteria Besides, the Directors of Census Operations a) Density of population not less in states/union territories were allowed to ·a) Density of population of than 400 persons per km 2 include in consultation with the concerned atleast 400 persons per State Government/Union Territory Administrat- sq.km. (i.e. 1000 persons b) A population of 5000 ion and Census Commissioner of India, some per sq. mile) places having distin'ct urban characteristics b) A minimum population of c) Three fourths of the working as urban even if such places did not strictly 5,000 population should be outside satisfy all the criterion mentioned under c) 75% of the male working agriculture category(2) above. Apart from these the out- population engaged in nan- d) Or any other place, which growths(OG's) of cities and towns have also agricultural (allied) according to the Director been treated as urban, as explained later under activities possesses pronounced urban Urban Agglomeration. characteristics and amenities

19 STATEMENT - 2 (Conrd.) Test for Eligibility for places to be treated as Towns 1891-1991

1~1 1931 1941 4 5 6 1. Municipal Corporation 1. Municipal Corporation 1. Municipal Corporation 2. Municipal Area 2. Municipal Area 2. Municipal Area 3. Town Committee 3. Town Area Committee 3. All Civil lines not 4. Notified Area Committee 4. All Civil lines not included in included in Municipal 5. Cantonment Board Municipal limits limites 6. Selected places with 5. Cantonment 4. Cantonment a) Density of population not less than 6. Test prescribed for distinguishing 1000 persons per sq.mile towns from villages in different 5. Every continuous b) A population of 5000 states were based on ideas common to collection of houses c) Three fourths of the working population all states, but they were not identi- inhabited by not less should be working outside agriculture cal nor had they been applied with than 5000 persons which d) Or any other place, which according to the meticulous uniformity. In the case of the provincial superin­ Superintendent of the state possesses pro­ princely states the definition of town tendent may decide to nounced urban characteristics and amenities was applied a little indiscriminately treat as a town 1931 1921 1911 7 8 9 1. Municipal Corporation 1. Municipal Corporation 1. Municipal Corporation 2. Municipal Area 2. Municipal Area 2. Municipal Area 3. All Civil lines not iilcluded 3. All Civil lines not included 3. All Civil lines not included in Municipal limits in Municipal limits in Municipal limits 4. Cantonment 4. Cantonment 4. Cantonment 5. Every other continuous collection 5. Every other continuous collection of houses inhabited by not of houses, inhabited by not 5. Every other continuous collection less than 5000 persons which less than 5000 persons which of houses inhabited by not the provincial superintendent the provincial superintendent less than 5000 persons, which may decide to treat as an urban. may decide to treat as town for the provincial superintendent In making this decision consi­ census purpose. In Indian state may decide to treat as town for deration was given to where there were no municipalities, census purposes. this definition was required to Note: However a few places chiefly a) The character of the population be extensively applied. in native states which did not Note: In dealing with questions satisfy the requirements were b) Relative density of dwellings arising under head( 6) the pro­ treated as towns for special pur­ vincial superintendent will poses. The provincial superintendent c) Importance in trade historic have regard to the character of were however instructed, when consi­ associations and to avoid treat­ the population the relative den­ dering the question of treating ing as towns overgrown viltages sity of dwellings, the importance places as towns on the basis of without urban characteristics of the place as centre of trade their population to take care to and its historic associations and exclude such as are merely overgrown will bear in mind that it is villages and have no urban features. undesirable to treat as towns It is true that the discretion thus overgrown-villages which have no allowed has occasionally led to a urban characteristics. certain want of uniformity. 20 STATEMENT - 2 (Contd.) Test for Bigibility for places to be treated as Towns 1891-1991

1901 1891

10 11

1. Municipal Corporation 1. Munldpal Corporation 2. Munidpal Area 2. Municipal Area of any place brought under some similar 3. All Ovllllnes not included regulation for police or sanitary purpose In Municipal limits 3. Cantonment 4. Cantonment 4. a) Every place where the proportion of the trading and 5. Every other continuous collection of houses perma- industrial population to the total Is equal to or nently Inhabited by not less than 5000 persons which greater than that of the agricultural population. the provincial superintendent may decide to treat as b) Every other continuous group of houses inhabited by a town for census purposes not less than 5000 people

Statement-3 below gives the progress in the number of towns in the state and districts between 1901 and 1991. STATEMENT - 3 Progress in the Number of Towns 1901 - 1991

State/District 1991 1981 1971 1961 1951 1941 1931 1921 1911 1901

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

KERALA 197(65) 106(48) 88(32) 92(30) 94(25) 62(23) 53(23) 44(23) 27(14) 21(9)

I. Kasaragod 6(2) 1(1) 5(1) 5(-) 2(-) 1(-) 1(-) 1(-) 1(-)

2. Kannur 45(7) 25(3) 8(3) 13(3) 2(2) .2(2) 2(2) 2(2) 2(2) 2(2)

3. Wayanad 1(1)

4. Kozhikode 18(2) 6(2) 10(2) 13(2) 4( 1) 4(1) 2( 1) 2(1) 2( 1) 2( 1)

5. Malappuram 5(5) 4(4) 5(1) 5(-) 4(-) 4(-) 2(-) 2(-) 2(-) 1(-)

6. Palakkad 9(5) 4(3) 8(2) 6(2) 9(2) 6(3) 3(2) 3(2) 4( 1) 3( 1)

7. Thrissur 40(7) 25(7) 9(5) 7(3) 10(3) 8(2) 6(1) 4(1) 3( 1) 3(-)

8. Emakulam 28(12) 16(8) 11(5) 12(7) 13(5) 9(5) 9(5) 7(5) 6(4) 4( 1)

9. Idukki 2(2) 2(2} 2(-} 4(-} 1(-} 1(-)

10. Kottayam 8(5) 4(4) 8(4} 7(4) 10(4) 6(3) 6(3) 5(3) 2(1) 2( 1)

11. Alappuzha 14(5) 6(5) 6(4) 6(4) 7(3) 7(2) 7(4} 6(4) 2(2) 2( 1)

12. Pathanamthitta 4(4) 2(2) 2( 1) 2( 1) 5(1) 2( 1) 2( 1) 1(1) 1(-)

13. Kollam 7(3) 5(2) 4( I} 3{ I} 6{ t) 4{1) 4{l} 4{1) l{ I) I { 1}

14. Trivandrum 10{5) 6{5) 10(3) 13{3) 18(3) 8(3) 8(3) 7(3) l{ t) 1(1)

Note: Number of Statutory towns are given within brackets.

21 From the Statement 3 it can be seen that the number Among the districts,the maximum increase in number of towns in Kerala has increased ten times since 1901. The of towns(20) during the last decade 1981-91 is in Kannur. number of statutory towns (Corporations, municipalities, can- Next comes Thrissur with 15, followed by Ernakulam with tonment, township etc.) also increased from 9 in 1901 to 12. Except Idukki all other districts have increase in the 65 in 1991. Till 199 t census Wayanad district had no town. number of towns. In total number of towns in 1991 Kannur In 1991 census Wayanad has one town viz. munici- comes first with 45, followed by Thrissur(40) and pality which is a statutory town. Significant increase in the Ernakulam(28). Number of statutory towns is highest in number of towns may be seen in the t 921, 195 t, 1981 Ernakulam( 12). Kannur and Thrissur comes in second and t 991 censuses. The adoption of a fairly strict definition position with 7 towns followed by Malappuram, Palakkad, of an urban area since 1961 census resulted in the Kottayam, Alappuzha and Trivandrum with 5 towns each. declassification of some towns of earlier census as rural ar- Out of 18 towns in Kozhikode only two are statutory towns. eas and recognition of new places as towns. This is reflected There is no change in the number of statutory towns in in the number of towns since 1961. The last decade 1981- Kozhikode, Thrissur, Idukki, Alappuzha and Trivandrum dis- 91 witnessed the formation of largest number of 17 munici- tricts during the last decade 198 1-91 . pal towns in the state. There were significant increase in number of statutory towns during 1911-21 and 1971-81 The statement 4 gives the progress in urban popula- also. tion of the state and district from 1901.

STATEMENT - 4

Progress in Urban Population of State/District 190 t --1 991

State/District 1991 1981 1971 1961 1951 1941 1931 1921 1911 1901 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II P 7,680,294 4,771,275 3,466,449 2,554,141 1,825,832 1,195,550 916,330 680,900 524,661 454,499 KERAlA M 3,776,207 2,360,350 1,735,501 1,282,759 916,671 604,130 466,646 347,824 268,100 232,753 F 3,904,087 2,410,925 1,730,948 1,271,382 909,161 591,420 449,684 333,076 256,561 221,746

P 176,226 43,137 113,929 88,924 42,013 11,566 9,169 7,314 8,295 I. Kasaragod M 86,155 21,448 56,662 43,716 20,585 5,892 4,611 3,755 4,153 F 90,071 21,689 57,267 45,208 21,428 5,674 4,558 3,559 4,142

P 1,145,476 612,659 210,975 211,193 82,471 70,969 64,585 55,281 58,215 55,694 2. Kannur M 553,225 300,569 105,129 105,626 40,052 35,153 31,145 26,249 28,S 16 27,368 F 592,251 312,090 105,846 105,567 42,419 35,816 33,440 29,032 29,699 28,326

P 22,949 3. Wayanad M 11,784 F 11,165

P 1,004,497 610,232 561,570 379,519 228,152 163,238 110,532 92,138 89,566 88,300 4. Kozhikode M 496,382 303,874 281,555 191,402 114,337 82,137 56,786 47,502 46,387 45,872 F 508,115 306,358 280,015 188,117 113,815 81,101 53,746 44,636 43,179 42,428

P 282,454 177,774 124,852 75,965 63,676 42,244 25,427 21,536 22,393 10,562 5. Malappuram M 138,862 87,748 61,487 36,955 30,969 20,390 12,256 10,578 11,058 5,281 F 143,592 90,026 63,365 39,010 32,707 21,854 13,171 10,958 11,335 5,281

P 374,577 206,669 214,079 148,873 146,790 99,424 73,492 68,335 63,983 58,494 6. Palakkad M 183,057 101,589 105,931 73,556 71,800 48,535 35,945 33,518 31,186 28,547 F 191,520 - 105,080 108,148 75,317 74,990 50,889 37,547 34,817 32,797 29,947

22 STATEMENT '- 4

Progress in Urban Population of State/District 1901-1991

State/District 1991 1981 1971 1961 1951 1941 1931 1921 1911 1901 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II P 720,216 514,783 249,845 185,652 164,182 119,697 88,437 51,676 40,609 31,199 7. Thrissur M 348,090 248,693 120,869 89,915 79,554 58,695 43,626 25,483 20,555 15,623 F 372,126 266,090 128,976 95,737 84,628 61,002 44,811 26,193 20,054 15,576

P 1,373,1771,002,892 636,010 395,310 261,923 189,809 150,579 96,492 87,353 74,198 8. Ernakulam M 685,919 503,117 325,238 203,326 134,387 98,574 78,771 51,684 47,205 39,998 F 687,258 499,745 310,772 191,984 127,536 91,235 71,808 44,808 40,148 34,200

P 50,881 44,629 25,262 10,662 4,172 3,455 9. Idukki M 25,564 22,582 13,311 6,139 2,223 1,910 F 25,317 22,047 11,951 4,523 1,949 1,545

P 320,918 159,107 208,762 165,469 153,347 94,188 78,289 56,860 32,383 31,816 10. Kottayam M 160,502 79,006 105,355 84,126 78,437 48,615 40,947 29,677 16,689 16,313 != 160,416 80,101 103,407 81,343 74,910 45,573 37,342 27,183 15,694 15,503

P 609,610 344,287 321,129 276,189 193,665 124,224 106,186 75,990 31,495 30,663 I I. Alappuzha M 298,534 169,331 159,294 137,368 97,766 63,805 55, III 39,271 16,142 15,664 F 311,076 174,956 161,835 138,821 95,899 60,419 51,075 36,719 15,353 14,999

P 155,034 62,192 38,567 34,242 53,400 22,882 18,654 12,010 7,969 J 2.Pathanamthitta M 75,211 30,285 18,783 16,819 26,823 11,497 9,.624 6,292 4,268 F 79,823 31,907 19,784 17,423 26,577 11,385 9,030 5,718 3,701

P 446,036 337,153 189,903 144,236 118,418 75,088 53,718 41,334 18,839 15,691 13. Kollam M 220,629 167,093 95,548 73,911 61,084 38,469 27,661 21,457 9,649 8,095 F 225,407 170,060 94,355 70,325 57,334 36,619 26,057 19,877 9,190 7,596

P 998,243 655,761 571,566 448,569 307,133 178,049 133,807 101,934 63,561 57,882 14. Trivandrum M 492,293 324,985 286,339 226,039 154,738 90,145 68,253 52,358 32,292 29,992 F 505,950 330,776 285,227 222,530 152,395 87,904 65,554 49,576 31,269 27,890

The urban population has crossed one million in All the towns in the 1951 census in the districts were declassi- Kannur, Kozhikode and Ernakulam districts in the census of fied as rural in 196 1 and hence no urban population in that 1991. Of these Ernakulam has got the highest urban popu- year. lation (13,73,177) followed by Kannur (11,45,476) and Kozhikode (10,04,497). Urban population ofTrivandrum The growth of urban population in the state and dis- is very near to the one million mark. Thrissur and Alappuzha trict during 190 t -9 t with t 90 t as base (t 90 1 = 100) is are the two districts where the urban population in 1991 is presented in the statement 5. The index is calculated taking above half a million. Wayanad has the lowest urban popula- the base year as t 9 t 1 in Kasaragod and Pathanamthitta dis- tion with 22949 persons. It is for the first time in t 991 tricts and as 1931 in Idukki district because there was no census that Wayanad district contained some urban area by . urban population in the previous censuses in these districts. the formation of Kalpetta municipality. In Idukki, the first The index is not calculated for Wayanad district which has town viz. came into existence in 1931 census. urban population for the first time in 1991.

23 STATEMENT - 5 Indices of Growth of Urban Population of State/District 1901-1991 State/District 1991 1981 1971 1961 1951 1941 1931 1921 1911 1901 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 KERALA 1,690 1,050 763 562 402 263 202 150 lIS 100 1. Kasaragod 2,124 520 1,373 1,072 506 139 111 88 100 2. Kannur 2,057 1,100 379 380 148 127 116 99 lOS 100 3. Wayanad 100 4. Kozhikode 1,138 691 6J6 4JO 258 185 125 104 101 100 5. Malappuram 2,674 1,683 1,182 719 603 400 241 204 212 100 6. Palakkad 640 353 366 255 251 170 126 117 109 100 7. Thrissur 2,308 1,650 801 595 526 384 283 166 130 100 8. Ernakulam 1,851 1,352 857 533 353 256 203 130 118 100 9. Idukki 1,473 1,292 731 J09 121 100 10. Kottayam 1,009 500 656 520 482 296 246 179 102 lOa 11. Alappuzha 1,988 1,123 1,047 901 632 405 346 248 103 100 12. Pathanamthitta 1,945 779 484 4JO 670 287 234 151 100 13. Kollam 2,843 2,149 1,210 919 755 479 342 263 120 100 14. Trivandrum 1,725 1,133 987 775 531 308 231 176 110 100

The urban index has steadily increased in the state and District wise number and population of places not treated as gone upto 1690 in 1991. From the above statement it is towns in 1981 but treated as such in 1991 are given in the also seen Chat almost all districts have shown considerable statement 6 classified according to different population sizes. increase in urban population during the decade 1981-91. Kollam district has got the largest index of growth during Class I (Known as cities) population 1,00,000 and 1901-81 with 2843 in 1991 followed by above. Malappuram(2674), Thrissur(2308), Kasaragod(2124) and Class II " 50,000 - 99,999 Kannur( 20 5 7}. All dle odler districts have an index of growth Class III " 20,000 - 49,999 below 2000. Palakkad district has the lowest index(640) Class IV " 10,000 - 19,999 New towns in 1991 Census Class V " 5,000 - 9,999 Class VI " less than 5,000 92 towns were newly added in the 1991 census.

ST ATEMENT - 6 Number and Population of Places not Treated as Towns in 1981 but Treated as such in 1991 Arranged by Districts and Size Class State/District Total Class I Class II Class III Class IV Class V Class VI No. Popu- No. Popu- No. Popu- No. Popu- No. Popu- No. Popu- No. Popu- lation lation lation lation lation lation lation 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 KERAlA 92 2,150,419 3 177,594 48 1,413,306 29 466,385 12 93,134

1. Kasaragod 5 126,100 57,165 2 47,165 13,884 7,886 2. Kannur 20 448,316 64,032 6 177,551 13 206,733 3. Wayanad 22,949 22,949 4. Kozhikode 12 314,491 9 262,385 J 52,106 S. Malappuram I 39,027 1 39,027 6. Palakkad 5 119,657 2 70,230 3 49,427 7. Thrissur 15 149,532 I 23,510 3 40,774 II 85,248 8. Ernakulam 12 334,871 56,397 8 22-4,734 3 53,740 9. Idukki 24 .-f -9 KERALA 4- "f Vidl(lll \J1crt~{olll )'- URBAN POPULATION "f 1991 of' .., KILOMETRES 20 10 0 ZO 40 60

""'HE (POND/CHERRy) BOUNDARIES: (' STATE/U.l ...... _._._ DiSTRiCT ...... _._._ TALUK ...... _ 7

-f.

~

-:s:

'Y -.1

d < ~

~

~

"13

PERCENTAGE OF URBAN POPULATION TO TOTAl POPULATION ~ o 60·01 So ABOVE

40·01 60'00

25·01 - 40·00. STATE AVERAGE c 26·39' rJ 9" 15·01 - 25'00

15·00

10·00 & BELOW

~",,~,~:, '\ '. EI'ITIRELY RURAL ""\. ; .( ...... -

EAST OF GREENWICH

Based upon Survey of India map with the permission of the TI)c ferritorial waters of India ..tend into the sea to a distance 01 © Government of IndioCopyrighl.199f Sur~yor General of India twelvc l'\Quticoi miles measured from the appropriatf: bose line.

State/District Total Class I Class II Class III Class IV Class V Cias~ VI No. Popu- No. Popu- ~Popu­ },]o. Popu-:- No. Popu- No. Popu- No. Popu­ lation lation lation iation !ation lation lation.. ----. ----.. ----~.------_ i 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 --.--.--- 2 3 4 5 6 -_.-«---- 10. KotlaYJI11 4 135,170 4 135,170 1 I. Ai311Puz'n 9 217,246 6 167,525 3 49,721 12. Palil.ll1all1thltta 2 64,372 2 64;37L 13. Kollam 2 56,773 2 56,773 14. Trivandrum 4 121,915 4 121,915

Rural Areas Census village and this concept was followed in the subse­ quent censuses. However the concept of desom/kara had As mentioned earlier it is a census tradition to present not been completely abandoned and the Primar; Census data by rural/urban break-up. By rural population we gen­ Abstract was prepared for karas/murisl desoms also during erally mean the population living in villages. The village gen­ I 961 to 198 1 as in reality these smaller units were compa­ eraHy foHows the limits of a revenue village which is recog­ rable in size with the villages in the res[ of the country. But nised by the normal district administration. In ail the cen­ considering the growing importance of Panchayat Raj sys­ suses urban area is defined and residuary area is considered tem it was decided to publish PanchaY;l[ ward wise figures in as rural. The Kerala village has little resemblance to its coun­ 1991 census abandoning karas/murisl desoms. Revenue vil­ ter part in the rest of the country. The isolated hamlet type lage was adopted as Census villages in 1991 census. How­ setting is rarely seen in this state, except in some pocke~ In ever in some districts like Kasaragod and Thrissur while the dense forests, estates or in plantation areas. Most part of groups of several smaller villages formed the reVEnue villages the state are inhabited and the settlement is almost continu­ in the census, each of those small villages were treated as ous making it difficult to mark out a village or town from its separate village. Consequently the number of revenue vil­ adjoining villages or town. lages and census villages did not tally. Against 1452 rev­ enue villages in the state in 1 991 there are 1640 villages in Many of the revenue villages had sub-divisions known the census, Of these 256 villages .:e wholly in urban areas as desom in Malabar region, muri in Cochin region Jnd kara and 76 villages partly in rural and partly in urban areas. in Travancore region. In the Malabar Jrea de50m was ree­ ogr:ised as Census villages in earlier census except in 1872 Thus tIle rural areas compri~ed of 1 308 whole vil­ and 1881. In the former Cochin State, in all Censuses prior lages and portion of 76 villages lying outside towns. Many to 191 I, the census village was muri and from 191 1 on­ "evenue villages of 1981 were bifurcated in 1991. Total wards revenue village was the census village. Exc€pt in the number of villages increased from 133 J in 1981 to 1640 1891 census kara was recognised as the census villages in in 1991, mainly due to the bifurcation of 1981 villages. The the Travancore area. In the 196 I census, a uniform defini­ statement 7 gives the district wise number of raluks, CD tion was followed and the revenue village was treated as blocks, viilages and towns in 1991 . STATEM£NT - 7 State-wise/District-wise Number of Taluks, CD Blocks, Villages and Towns in 1991 State/ Total No. of Total No. Total 'No of un- 1'.Ja. ·)f vili3ges in- No of No. of District taluks of CD No. of inhabited !;;.llJQ~.d 1u_lQWill inhabited Towns Blocks villages villages Fully Partly villages (rural) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 KERALA 61- 151 1,640 256 76 1,384 197 1. KasJragod 2 4 127 11 ]16 6 2_ Kannllr 3 9 129 51 78 45 3. Wayal1ad 3 3 49 1 48 4. Kozhikode 3 12 117 30 87 18 5. Malappuram 4 14 135 12 1 123 5 6. PalakkJd 5 12 169 14 4 155 9 7. ThrissJr 5 17 254 45 9 209 40 8. Ernakularn 7 15 123 34 8 89 28 9. Idukki 4 8 65 7 6S 2 10. Kottayam 5 1 I 95 5 13 90 8 J t. Alappuzha 6 12 91 16 12 75 14 12. Pathanam,hitta 5 9 68 4 4 64 4 13. Kollam 5 13 103 11 2 92 7 14. Trivandrurn 4 12 115 22 16 93 10 27 Thrissil district has highest number of 209 census fifth (51 villages) is in Kannur district, 45 villages in Thrissur villages followed by Palakkad with 155 villages, Malappuram and 34 in . with 123 villages and Kasaragod with \ 16 villages. In the remaining districts the number of villages are below one hun­ The number of inhabited villages at each census from dred and the lowest number of 48 viilages is in Wayanad 1901 to 1991 in rural areas of the state is given in the district. Out of the 256 villages fully included in towns one statement 8.

STATEMENT - 8 Number of Inhabited Villages at each Census 1901-1991 Census Year No. of inhabited villages 1901 5,725 1911 5,383 1921 5,362 1931 4.910 1941 4,35S 1951 4,618 1961 1,573 1971 1,268 1981 1,219 1991 1,384

It nny be seen that there is an unusual decrease in the to the bifurcation of villages. In while grouped number of villages in 1961 from 1951. The main reason is villages were treated as censlIs villages in 1981, in 1991 that from 196 1 onwards revenue villages were uniformly census each of the constituent villages of the group were adopted as census villages whereas in previous censuses no treated as census villages. This also had contributed to in­ such unifol111 definition was followed and karas/muris/ desoms crease in number of villages. The rural populJtion of the were also treated JS census villages. There is an increase in state and district from J90 1 to 199 t is given in statement the r.un·;ber of villages during 1981-91. This is mainly due 9.

28 STATEMENT· 9 Progress in Rural Population of State/Districts 1901·1991 State/District 1991 1981 1971 1961 1951 1941 1931 1921 1911 1901 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II

P21,418,224 20,682,405 17,880,926 14,349,574 11,723,286 9,835,991 8,590,720 7,121,227 M23,012 5,941,763 KERALA M10,512,788 10,167,417 8,852,350 7,079,168 5,765,230 4,839,166 4,236,305 3,531,634 3,291,325 2,958,713 F 10,905,436 10,514,988 9,028,576 7,270,406 5,958,056 4,996,825 4,354,415 3,589,593 3,331,687 2,983,050

p 895,282 829,604 569,091 423,222 369,018 330,735 292,874 249,617 239,172 231,280 I. Kasaragod M 442,648 410,577 285,197 209,030 180,342 161,947 143,444 121,564 116,373 112,299 452,634 419,027 283,894 214,192 188,676 168,788 149,430 128,053 122,799 118,981

P 1,106,251 1,318,067 1,341,834 966,755 821,999 672,353 598,130 523,399 507,046 473,929 2. Kannur M 545,613 645,984 658,739 469,566 396,102 317,060 283,533 246,546 243,431 229,710 F 560,638 672,083 683,095 497,189 425,897 355,293 314,597 276,853 263,615 244,219

P 649,179 554,026 413,850 275,255 169,280 106,350 91,769 84,771 82,549 75,149 3. Wayanad M 330,174 284,261 215,338 144,635 92,099 57,952 50,877 47,473 45,489 41,632 319,005 269,765 198,512 130,620 77,181 48,398 40,892 37,298 37,060 33,517

P 1,615,444 1,635,033 1,260,164 1,023,894 888,239 728,840 686,349 585,984 565,280 521,758 4. Kozhikode M 796,383 807,535 627,482 507,986 438,692 354,366 335,331 285,269 277,510 257,790 F 819,061 827,498 632,682 515,908 449,547 374,474 351,018 300,715 287,770 263,968

P 2,813,876 2,224,927 1,731,505 1,311,405 1,086,042 934,841 849,077 742,602 725,536 671,589 5. Malappu ram M 1,369,418 1,083,030 848,023 637,382 528,562 453,372 412,567 364,588 359,145 332,936 F 1,444,458 1,141,897 883,482 674,023 557,480 481,469 436,510 378,OH 366,391 338,653

P 2,007,658 1,837,730 1,471,268 1,220,635 1,067,418 925,634 867,794 785,653 755,743 705,423 6. Palakkad M 972,765 892,607 713,645 585,661 510,588 444,460 416,825 379,263 367,273 345,536 F 1,034,893 945,123 757,623 634,974 556,830 481,174 450,969 406,390 388,470 359,887

P 2,017,095 1,92~,850 1,879,032 1,502,681 1,238,968 1,034,901 905,476 762,082 729,093 652,067 7. Thrlssur M 964,593 913,026 901,945 716,723 586,910 495,923 435,463 371,304 362,627 325,397 F 1,052,502 1,011,824 977,087 785,958 652,058 538,978 470,013 390,778 366,466 326,670

P 1,444,059 1,532,312 1,527,584 1,303,203 1,131,756 982,483 832,152 692,819 647,914 572,037 8. Ernakulam M 722,730 765,983 763,154 646,329 559,729 489,114 413,988 349,154 322,205 285,539 F 721,329 766,329 764,430 656,874 572,027 493,369 418,164 343,665 325)09 286,498 STATEMENT . 9 Progress in Rural Population of State/Districts 1901·1991 State/District 1991 1981 1971 1961 1951 1941 1931 1921 1911 1901 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 11

P 1,027,185 924,663 740,130 579,071 320,760 240,124 184,225 108,751 99,564 47,666 9, Idukki M 520,308 471,210 381,867 302,462 167,491 128,063 100,448 58,765 54,050 25,928 f 506,877 453,453 358,263 276,609 153,269 112,061 83,777 49,886 45,514 21,738

P 1,507,353 1,538,335 1,330,268 1,148,514 979,131 848,711 696,780 528,618 455,657 418,799 10, Kottayam M 752,358 769,456 667,827 576,911 491,565 430,903 353,287 270,958 231,112 213,025 f 754,995 768,879 662,441 571,603 487,566 417,808 343,493 257,660 224,545 205,774

P 1,391,607 1,521,168 1,350,157 1,128,080 972,180 858,960 759,036 617,548 553,599 478,882 11 ,Alappuzha M 677,351 743,557 665,843 555,640 478,757 426,942 378,222 310,009 278,319 240,874 f 714,256 777,611 684,314 572,440 493,423 432,018 380,814 307,539 275,280 238,008

P 1,033,298 1,063,153 989,641 854,030 665,872 553,554 459,691 363,925 309,103 276,251 12, Palhanamthitta M 500,965 517,067 490,434 424,867 333,484 278,808 232,564 186,547 155,275 139,071 f 532,333 546,086 499,207 429,163 332,388 274,746 227,127 177,378 153,828 137,180

t.I P 1,961,530 1,838,186 1,649,362 1,316,867 991,944 781,497 644,323 510,999 446,845 390,322 o 13. Kollam M 962,181 908,959 824,019 658,131 494,983 387,070 320,250 256,174 224,612 196,276 F 999,349 929,227 825,343 658,736 496,961 394,427 324,073 254,825 222,233 194,046

P 1,948,407 1,940,351 1,627,040 1,295,962 1,020,679 837,008 723,044 564,459 505,911 426,611 14, TrivI1ntirum M 955,301 954,165 808,837 643,845 505,926 413,186 359,506 284,020 253,904 212,700 f 993,106 986,186 818,203 652,117 514,753 423,822 363,538 280,439 252,007 213,911 From the statement 9 it is observed that the rural taken as a separate census house. If all the structures within population of the state has consistently increased from cen­ an enclosed compound are together treated as one building, sus to census. During the last 90 years the rural population then each such structure with a separate entrance is treated has increased by 240.67 percent i.e. from 5941763 in 1901 as a separate census house. to 21418224 in 1991. Consistent increase in the rural population from Census to Census has been observed in the The figures of occupied residential houses shown in districts of Kasaragod, Wayanad, Malappuram, Palakkad, table A-I are those of census houses actually used for the Thrissur, Idukki, Kollam and Trivandrum. The decrease in purpose of residence (dwelling) alone or for residence in com­ rural population from 1981 to 1991 in the other districts is bination with other uses on the day of enumeration. Thus because several rural areas of 1981 in these districts were apart from the residential houses, the number of occupied treated as towns in 1991 census. residential houses include workshops, garages, shops, depots etc. where one or more persons were found to be residing at Density per sq.km the time of enumeration. This does not include the houses which were vacant or used exclusively for non residential Column 4 of table A 1 gives the number of persons purposes. per sq.km. The density for urban areas of districts and taluks have been worked out by using the area figures corrected Census household upto two decimal places obtained by adding the area of indi­ vidual towns in the respective units. A household is a group of persons who commonly live together and would take their meals from a common Census houses and households kitchen unless the exigencies of work prevented any of them from doing so. There may be a household of persons re­ Column 8 and 9 of Table A 1 give the number of lated by blood or a household of unrelated persons or having occupied residential houses and households. Occupied resi­ mix of both. Examples of unrelated households are boarding dential houses are census houses which are used wholly or houses, messes, hostels, residential hotels, rescue homes, jails, partly for the purpose of residence by one or more house­ ashram etc. These are called institutional households. There holds. At the 1991 census the following definition were may be one member households, two member households, adopted for census houses and census households. or multi member households. For census purpose each one of these types is regarded as a household. If a group of Census House persons who are unrelated to each other live in census house but do not take their meals from a common kitchen, they A Census house is a building or part of a building would not constitute an institutional household. Each such having a separate main entrance from the roa'd or common person will be treated as a separate single member house­ court yard or staircase etc. used for or recognised as a sepa­ hold. The important factor in deciding whether a group of rate unit. It may be occupied or vacant .. It may be used for persons living together constitute a household or not in a residential or non residential purpose or both. If a building common kitchen. has a number of flats or blocks which are independent of one another having separate entrances of their own from the road Statement 10 gives the number of persons per 100 or common courtyard leading to a main gate, they are con­ occupied residential houses, number of persons per 100 sidered as separate census houses. If within a large enclosed households, sex ratio, percentage of rural and urban popula­ area there are separate buildings then each such bllilding is tion to total population in state and districts.

31 STATEMENT - 10 Persons per 100 Occupied Residential Census Houses and per 100 Households, Number of Females per 100 Males, Percentage of Rural and Urban Population to Total Population in State/Districts Persons per 100 Persons per 100 No. of females Percentage of Rural and State/District occupied residential households per 1000 males urban population to total census houses population T R U T R U T R U T R U 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 KERAlA 533 525 555 528 522 544 1,036 1,037 1,034 100 73.61 26.39 1. Kasaragod 594 592 602 590 589 596 1,026 1,023 1,045 100 83.55 16.45 2. Kannur 612 577 651 607 573 643 1,049 1,028 1,071 100 49.13 50.87 3. Wayanad 505 505 492 499 500 485 966 966 947 100 96.59 3.41 4. Kozhikode 580 553 629 574 551 614 1,027 1,028 1,024 100 61.66 38.34 5. Malappuram 651 650 664 649 648 657 1,053 1,055 1,034 100 90.88 9.12 6. Palakkad 543 541 553 535 535 538 1,061 1,064 1,046 100 84.28 15.72 7. Thrissur 528 525 539 524 522 532 1,085 1,091 1,069 100 73.69 26.31 8. Ernakulam 513 507 520 507 505 509 1,000 998 1,002 100 51.26 48.74 9. Idukki 466 465 491 463 462 484 975 974 990 100 95.28 4.72 10. Kottayam 508 506 519 S05 504 511 1,003 1,004 999 100 82.45 17.SS 11. Alappuzha 497 490 513 494 488 508 1,051 1,054 1,042 100 69.S4 30.46 12. Pathanamthitta 459 457 475 458 456 472 1,062 1,063 1,061 100 86.95 13.05 13. Kollam 496 488 537 492 485 523 1,035 1,039 1,022 100 81.47 18.53 14. Trivandrum 486 478 503 476 471 485 1,036 1,040 1,028 100 66.12 33.88

The average number of persons per 100 census houses Thrissur district while in urban areas the highest sex ratio of in 1991 in the state is 533. There are 555 persons in 100 1071 is in Kannur district. It is observed that Kannur district houses in urban areas against 525 persons in rural areas. In has the highest percentage of urban population of 50.87 . 1981 the average number of persons per tOO census houses percent as against the lowest 3.41 percent in Wayanad dis­ in the state was 592. It was 583 and 638 respectively in trict. Kannur is the only district in the state where more than rural and urban areas. This indicated that the congestion in 50 percent of the population live in urban areas. Except residential houses has decreased during the decade. In the Kannur in all other districts the percentage of rural popula­ districts of Kasaragod, Kannur, Kozhikode, Malappuram and tion is well above 50 percent of total population. Palakkad the number of persons per 100 occupied residen­ tial census houses are above the state average where as in the Presentation of data rest of the districts it is below state average. Generally in northern districts it is above the state average while in the In the presentation of figures of urban areas of Table southern districts it is below the state average. A-1, the following procedure has been followed. This was necessitated due to the formation of Urban The number of persons per 100 households on an Agglomeration(UA) by including statutory towns, census average for the state is 528 for total, 522 for rural and 544 towns, urban outgrowths etc. for urban areas. Thus average size of the household in the state is 5.28. As in the case of number of persons per 1) If there is no UA, the presentation of data for towns residential house the northern districts excluding Wayanad is strictly in accordance with the location code order. having household size above state average while southern dis­ 2) If there is an UA which falls entirely in a talJk, then tricts have household size below state average. the figures of UA is given first for the core town followed by its constituent units in the order of location code. For other The average sex ratio of Kerala is t 036 females for towns (not covered in th" '_';A) the order of the location 1000 males. It is 1037 in rural areas and 1034 in urban code is followed. areas. Amongst the district the highest sex ratio 1085 is in Thr!ssur district as Jgainst the lowest sex ratio of 966 in 3) If the UA falls in more than one taluk the figures of Wayanad district Only in Wayanad and Idukki districts males individual towns are given in the order of location codes. out number females. In the rural areas of Ernakulam and However suitable foot note indicating the name of UA in urban areas of Kor~Jyam also males out number females. In which the town forms part, is given besides giving the-figures the rural areas the highest sex ratio of 1091 is noticed in of UA in the annexure. 32 '" PERSONS PER KM 2

2001 & ABOVE c

1501 - 2000

1001 - 1500

STATE AVERAGE 501 - 1000 747

500 & BELOW

75 EAST OF GREENWICH

Based upon Survey of India map with the permission of the The territorial waters of India extend into the: sea to a distance of © Government of IndioCopyright,1996 Svrv.. yor General of India twelve nautical miles measured from the oppropriate base line.

77'

KERALA

~ -~ \31'jYlf1 SEX - RATIO 1991

KILOMETRE5 20 10 0 20 40 60 ...... ' - , ,==:::J

BOUNDARIES:

STATE/U,T. ""."._,_._ DISTRICT .. ". "". ____ _ iALUK ...

.- "',' ,\, " .,,", _'- " .J , . . ": .... . " , . ,', < '*-

\'('.

\II FEMALES PER 1000 MALES o ~

1075 & ABOVE Y 1050 1074 c :i 1025 10"9 STATE AVERAGE 1036 1000 102"

'999 & BELOW

EAST OF GREENWICH

Based upon Survey of India map with th. permission of the Tht territorial waters of India extend into the sea. to Q distance of © Government of IndlQCopyright,199S Surveyor Gctneral of India twelve nautical miles m~sured from the appropriate base linq: _____ •• _ •• _ ...... s. "' ...... u, 1'1'"" ,,'V I" II l' -r...... -t, 1 I r ~ 1QC-

A-I AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION

St.1te/Disoic[/ Total/ Area in Popul- No. of VlIlJges No. of No. of No. of Population TaluklUAI Rural/ Km 2 latlon Inha- Uninha- Towns occupied house- Persons Males Females Ocy/Town Urban per blted blted residential holds Km 2 houses

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12

KERALA T 3,8863.00 749 1,384 197 5,459,474 5,513,200 29,098,518 14,288,995 14,809,523 R 35,498.20 603 1,384 4,076,775 '1,102,167 21,418,224 10,512,788 10,905,436 U 3,364.80 2,283 197 1,382,699 1,411,033 7,680,294 3,776,207 3,904,087

I. KASARAGOD T 1,992.00 538 116 6 180,494 181,667 1,071;508 528,803 542,705 DISTRICT R 1,887.22 474 116 151,219 152,107 895,282 442,648 452,634 U 104.78 1,682 6 29,275 29,560 176,226 86,155 90,071

I. Kasaragod (aluk T 972.59 556 78 2 86,347 86,935 . 540,274 269,559 270,715 R 951.95 507 78 77,209 77,714 '182,262 240,762 241,500 U 20.64 2,811 2 9,138 9,221 58,012 28,797 29,215

Manjeshwar (CT) U 3.96 1991 1,163 1,174 7,886 3,910 3,976 Kasaragod (M) U 16.68 3,005 7,975 8,047 50,126 24,887 25,239

2. T 988.71 537 38 4 94,147 94,732 531,234 259,244 271,990 R 904.57 457 38 74,010 74,393 413,020 201,886 211,134 U 84.14 1,405 4 20,137 20,339 118,214 57,358 00,856

Kanhangad UA U 84.14 1,405 4 20,137 20,339 118,214 57,358 60,856 (M) U 39.54 1,446 9,562 9,639 57,165 27,922 29,243 Perole (eT) U 12.09 1,148 2,618 2,634 13,884 6,715 7,169 Nileshwar (eT) U 14.14 1,603 3,775 3,824 22,661 10,979 11,682 (CT) U 18.37 1,334 4,182 4,242 24,504 1',,42 12,762

2. KANNUR T 2,966.00 759 78 45 367,6611 371,221 2,251,727 1098,838 1,152,889 DISTRICT R 2,318.86 477 78 191,740 193,086 1,106,251 545,613 560,638 U 647.14 1,770 45 175,928 178,135 1,145,476 553,225 592,251

Kannur UA (Please See Annexure)

I . taluk T 1,330.56 502 41 2 118,341 119,472 668,046 330,810 337,236 R 1,232.85 441 41 97,983 98,609 543,788 270,045-., 273,743 U 97.71 1,272 2 20,358 20,863 124,258 60,765 63,493

Payyannur(M) U 54.63 1,172 10,885 10,960 64,032 30,971 33,061 Taliparamba(M) U 43.08 1,398 9,473 9,903 60,226 29,794 30,432

2. T 430.80 1,627 7 27 106,783 108,332 701,074 340,182 360,892 R 126.05 986 7 18,702 19,116 124,264 59,848 64,416 U 304.75 1,893 27 88,081 89,216 576,810 280,334 296,476

Cheruthdzhdm(CT) U 32.18 718 4,138 4,166 23,099 11,092 12,007 (CT) U 15.37 1,057 2,625 2,669 16,246 7,473 8,773 (CT) U 14.38 1,263 3,130 3,177 18,158 8,414 9,744 * Kallfasserl(CT) U 15.73 1,590 4,118 4,143 25,005 12,016 12,989 Papplnlsseri(CT) U 15.24 2,018 4,793 4,820 30,754 15,186 15,568

37 A-I: AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION

State/District! Total/ Area in Popul­ No. of Villages No. of No. of No. of Population TaluklUA/ Rural/ Km 2 lation Inha- Uninha- Towns occupied house­ Persons Males Females OtylTown Urban per bited bited residential holds Km 2 houses

2 3 5 G 7 8 9 10 11 12

Azhikode North(eT) + U 8.64 2,231 2,856 2,860 19,277 9,408 9,869 Azhikode South(eT)+ U 7.40 3,119 3,468 3,497 23,077 11,170 11,907 Valapattanam (eT)+ U 2.04 4,373 946 1,114 8,920 4,580 4,340 Chlrakkal(eT) + U 13.56 2,938 6,003 6,070 39,838 19,370 20,468 K3nn3dip3r3mb.1(CT) U 8.89 1,305 1,725 1,725 11,599 5,646 5,953 V3um (eT) U 9.83 1,402 1,969 2,002 13,777 6,632 7,145 Hunder!(eT) U 12.28 1,414 2,567 2,570 17,358 8,315 9,043 * Kanhirode (eT) U 8.14 1,541 1,795 1,837 12,543 6,084 6,459 *Chelora (eT) U IUS 1,525 2,619 2,619 17,314 8,484 8,830

Elayavoor(eT) + U 11.57 2,527 4,575 4,640 29,239 13,938 15,301 Puzhathi (eT)+ U 9.17 3,339 4,440 4,506 30,616 15,559 15,057 Pallikkunnu(CT)+ U 6.90 3,631 3,897 3,937 25,057 12,098 12,959 Kannur (M)+ U 11.03 5,915 9,357 9,698 65,238 32,043 33,195 Kannur Cantt. - U 1.79 2,693 696 698 4,820 3,024 1,796 *Thottada (CT)- U 18.26 1,822 5,313 5,320 33,261 15,880 17,381 *Chala (eT) U 9.26 1,604 2,131 2,139 14,854 7,184 7,670 !river! (eT) U 11.73 1,207 2,126 2,135 14,162 6,858 7,304 Anch.1r3k3ndy (eT) U 15.47 1,337 3,402 3,408 20,683 10,086 10,597 • Peralasserl (CT) U 10.81 1,407 2,474 2,493 15,209 7,323 7,886 H.1vil.1yi(eT) U 8.59 1,333 1,768 1,792 11;453 5,532 5,921 *Kadachira (CT) U 7.95 2,068 2,509 2,516 16,441 7,867 8,574 • U 7.19 2,616 2,641 2,665 18,812 9,072 9,740 (eT)-

3. Thalassery taluk T 1,206.61 731 30 16 142,544 143,417 882,607 427,846 454,761 R 961.93 456 30 75,055 75,361 438,199 215,720 222,479 U 244.68 1,816 16 67,489 68,056 444,408 212,126 232,282

H3(tqnnurl,M) U 54.15 748 6,261 6,280 40,506 20,162 20,344 PJduvil.1yi(CT) U 15.08 1,162 2,602 2,620 17,517 8,635 8,882 PadliriY3d (CT) u 13.01 1,133 2,341 2,341 14,737 7,138 7,599 * (eT) U 9.63 1,526 2,451 2,451 14,696 7,061 7,635 Eruv.1tti(eT) u 10.41 1,351 2,358 2,358 14,063 6,810 7,253 * Kottayam­ U 8.43 1,960 2,345 2,350 16,526 8,047 8,479 Malabar( CT) Koothuparamba(M) U 16.76 1,725 4,407 4,443 28,907 13,806 15,101 P.1ttiom (eT) U 12.67 1,505 3,123 3,160 19,074 8,990 10,084 K.1dirur (eT) U 12.30 2,161 4,184 4,207 26,586 12,553 14,033 * (eT)- U 10.08 2,340 3,874 3,875 23,584 11,118 12,466 *(eT)+ U 10.66 2,505 4,119 4,120 26,705 12,802 13,903 Thalassery (M) - U 23.96 4,323 14,743 15,068 103,579 49,879 53,700 *New-Mahe (eT)+ U 2.82 4,234 1,493 1,533 11,939 5,585 6,354 P3nniy3nnur(CT) U 10.02 1,927 3,092 3,097 19,312 8,794 10,518 Perlng3churl,eT) U 20.46 1,712 5,350 5,364 35,035 16,201 18,834 Chockll (CT) U 14.24 2,222 4,746 4,789 31,642 14,545 17,097

+ Part of Kannur Urban Agglomeration 38 A-I: AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION

State/District! Total/ Area in Popul- No. of Villages No. of No. of No. of Population Taluk/UA/ Rural/ Km 2 lation Inha- Uninha- Towns occupied house- Persons Males Females City/Town Urban per blted bited residential holds Km 2 houses

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

3. WAYANAD T 2,1 31.00 315 48 133,165 134,654 672,128 341,958 330,170 DISTRICT R 2,096.86 310 48 128,497 129,927 649,179 330,174 319,005 U 34.14 672 4,668 4,727 22,949 11,784 11,165

1. Mananthavady T 742.13 274 16 39,451 39,822 203,701 102,940 100,761 taluk R 742.13 274 16 39,451 39,822 203,701 102,940 100,761 U

2. Sulthan Bathery T 772.24 331 15 52,150 52,937 255,397 131,581 123,816 taluk R 772.24 331 15 52,150 52,937 255,397 131,581 123,816 U

3. Vythiri taluk T 611.29 348 17 41,564 41,895 213,030 107,437 105,593 R 577.15 329 17 36,896 37,168 190,081 95,653 94,428 U 34.14 672 4,668 4,727 22,949 11,784 11,165

Kii/pett.1(M) U 34.14 672 4,668 4,727 22,949 11,784 11,165

4. KOZHIKODE T 2,344.00 1,118 87 18 451,627 456,673 2,619,941 1,292,765 1,327,176 DISTRICT R 2,004.33 806 87 292,003 293,134 1,615,444 796,383 819,061 U 339.67 2,957 18 159,624 163,539 1,004,497 496,382 508,115

I. Vadakara T 575.56 1,052 24 3 102,599 103,212 605,701 295,090 310,611 Taluk R 516.44 906 24 81,174 81,418 468,026 227,898 240,128 U 59.12 2,329 3 21,425 21,794 137,675 67,192 70,483

Vadakara UA U 38.68 2,648 2 15,698 16,024 102,430 50,192 52,238 a) Vadakara(M) U 21.33 3,396 10,695 10,981 72,434 35,579 36,855 b) Vifliilpp.1l1y( CT) U 17.35 1,729 5,003 5,043 29,996 14,613 15,383 NJd.1pllr.1m (CT) U 20.44 1,724 5,727 5,770 35,245 17,CXXJ 18,245

2. Quilandy taluk T 731.11 877 36 116,721 117,224 640,965 316,279 324,686 R 731.11 877 36 116,721 117,224 640,965 316,279 324,686 U

3. Kozhikode taluk T 1,026.57 1,338 27 15 2,32,307 236,237 1,373,275 681,396 691,879 R 746.02 679 27 94,108 94,492 506,453 252,206 254,247 U 280.55 3,090 15 138,199 141,745 866,822 429,190 437,632

Kozhlkode UA U 232.95 3,439 12 126,336 129,751 801,190 396,189 405,001 Kozhikode U 96.25 4,744 70,568 73,397 456,618 225,073 231,545 (i) Kozhikode (C) U 82.68 5,078 64,842 67,468 419,831 207,016 212,815 (ii) Puthiyangadi(OG) U 0.03 12,567 40 60 377 195 182 (Ri)Elathur(OG) U 13.54 1,689 5,686 5,869 36,410 17,862 18,548 KoJllv.rlIy{CT) U 14.61 1,610 3,956 3,962 23,524 11,639 11,885 lUkkodi (CT) U 18.59 1,615 5,386 5,422 30,024 14,785 15,239 KlInn3m.mgJ/am(CT) U 24.26 1,411 5,938 5,946 34,228 17,812 16,416 Pantileer.1mk,1VIJ(CT) U 10.11 1,584 2,866 2,878 16,016 7,996 8,020 39 A-I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION

StatelDlstrlct! Totall Area In Popul- No. of Villages No. of No. of No. of Population Taluk/UAI Rural! I

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 JI 12

RamJnattukara(CT) U 11.71 2,192 4,176 4,252 25,672 12,866 12,806 (CT) U 11.33 2,505 4,828 4,875 28,382 13,967 14,415 Cheruvannur(CT) U 10.31 4,904 7,639 7,764 50,556 25,032 25,524 (CT) U 10.42 5,423 8,436 8,580 56,505 27,829 28,676 Karuv;mthuruthy(CT) U 5.95 3,190 2,977 2,989 18,983 9,375 9,608 (CT) U 7.58 3,366 4,063 4,107 25,511 12,731 12,780 (CT) U 11.83 2,973 5,503 5,579 35,171 17,084 18,087

Mavoor (CT) U 20.48 1,277 4,953 5,051 26,144 13,l66 12,978 Kuttikkattoor (CT) U 13.67 1,251 2,962 2,983 17,107 8,606 8,501 Perumanna (CT) U 13.45 1,664 3,948 3,960 22,381 11,229 11,152

5. MALAPPURAM T 3,550.00 872 123 5 475,633 477,292 3,096,330 1,508,280 1,588,050 DISTRICT R 3,378.48 833 123 433,088 434,287 2,813,876 1,369,418 1,444,458 U 171.52 1,647 5 42,545 43,005 282,454 138,862 143,592

1. Ernad taluk T 2,176.63 561 SO 2 199,864 200,506 1,220,788 601,632 619,156 R 2,065.43 522 50 176,831 177,314 1,078,584 531,143 547,441 U 111.20 1,279 2 23,033 23,192 142,204 70,489 71,715

Malappuram UA U 111.20 1,279 2 23,033 23,192 142,204 70,489 71,715 Malappuram U 58.14 1,253 11,701 11,820 72,870 36,019 36,851 I) Malappuram(M) U 33.61 1,478 7,973 8,091 49,692 24,612 25,080 Ii) Anakkayam(OG) U 24.53 945 3,728 3,729 23,178 11,407 11,771 MJnjeriWf, U 53.06 1,307 11,332 11,372 69,334 34,470 34,864

2. Perinth.;lm.lr.nJ T 505.9! 895 22 70,435 70,606 452,889 220,040 232,849 471.50 878 22 63,992 64,153 413,862 201,129 212,733 u 34.411,134 6,443 6,453 39,027 18,911 20,116

PerintiJ.;iJn.inli.· 1M) U 34.41 1,134 6,443 6,453 39,027 18,911 20,116

3. taluk T 664.29 1,659 41 156,746 157,234 1,101,765 532,330 569,435 R 647.70 1,625 41 149,777 150,203 1,052,312 507,916 544,396 U 16.59 2,981 6,969 7,031 49,453 24,414 25,039

Tirur (M) u 16.59 2,981 6,969 7,031 49,453 24,414 25,039

4. taluk T 199.42 1,609 10 48,588 48,946 320,888 154,278 166,610 R 190.10 1,416 10 42,488 42,617 269,118 129,230 139,888 U 9.32 5,555 6,100 6,329 51,770 25,048 26,722

Ponnani (M) u 9.32 5,555 6,100 6,329 51,770 25,048 26,722

6. PALAKKAD T 4,480.00 532 ISS 9 438,945 444,998 2,382,235 1,155,8221,226,413 DISTRICT R 4,258.15 471 ISS 371,215 375,312 2,007,658 972,765 1,034,893 U 221.85 1,688 9 67,730 69,686 374,577 183,057 191,520

40 A-I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION

StatelDlstrict! Totall Area In Popul- No_ of Villages No_ of No_ of No_ of Population TaluklUAI Rurall Km 2 lation Inha- Uninha- Towns occupied house- Persons Males Females Oty/Town Urban per bited bited residential holds Km 2 houses

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Ottappalam taluk T 845.80 886 37 2 130,621 131,120 749,149 356,557 392,592 R 780.86 852 37 115,294 115,570 665,413 316,723 348,690 U 64.94 1,289 2 15,327,. 15,550 83,736 39,834 43,902

Shoranur (M) U 32.28 1,225 7,565 7,612 39,550 19,021 20,529 Ottappalam (M) U 32.66 1,353 7,762 7,938 44,186 20,813 23,373

2 _ Mannarkad taluk T 1,185.57 261 23 56,010 56,331 308,910 151,656 157,254 R 1,122.19 235 23 48,251 48,541 263,488 129,375 134,113 U 63.38 717 7,759 7,790 45,422 22,281 23,141

Mannarkad (M) U 63.38 717 7,759 7,790 45,422 22,281 23,141

3. Palakkad taluk T 720.32 718 24 3 97,502 99,457 517,211 254,068 263,143 R 661.27 510 24 64,430 65,335 337,178 165,161 172,017 U 59.05 3,049 3 33,072 34,122 180,033 88,907 91,126

Palakkad UA U 59.05 3,049 3 33,072 34,122 180,033 88,907 91,126 Palakkad U 29.60 4,701 25,377 26,229 139,136 68,817 70,319 (i) Palakkad (M) U 26.60 4,635 22,173 22,923 123,289 61,047 62,242 (ii) Hemambika Nagar U 3.00 5,282 3,204 3,306 15,847 7,770 8,077 (OG) Puthuppariyaram(CT) U 19.93 1,245 4,625 4,793 24,808 12,141 1+,667 (CT) U 9.52 1,6~0 3,070 3,100 16,089 7,949 8,140

4. T 1,155.10 354 41 3 79,559 81,571 408,499 200,452 208,047 R 1, 120.62 306 41 67,987 69,347 343,113 168,417 174,696 U 34.48 1,896 3 11,572 12,224 65,386 32,035 33,351

Chittur-Thamaman- U 34.48 1,896 3 11,572 12,224 65,386 32,035 33,351 galam UA Chittur-Thathaman- U 14.71 2,179 5,984 6,292 32,048 15,599 16,449 galam(M) Koduvayur (CT) U 10.53 1,676 3,220 3,400 17,647 8,653 8,994 (CT) U 9.24 1,698 2,368 2,532 15,691 7,783 7,908

S. taluk T 569.02 700 30 75,253 76,519 398,466 193,089 205,377 R 569.02 700 30 75,253 76,519 398,466 193,089 205,377 U

7. THRISSUR T 3,032.00 903 209 40 518,038 522,059 2,737,311 1,312,683 1,424,628 DISTRICT R 2,730.80 739 209 384,498 386,617 2,017,095 964,593 1,052,502 U 30.1.20 2,391 40 133,540 135,442 720,216 348,090 372,126

1 _ T~lappilly taluk T 662.99 811 73 2 101,478 102,170 537,560 256,087 i8 1,473 R 652.35 782 73 96, 140 96,748 509,932 242,923 267,009 U 10.64 2,597 2 5,338 5,422 27,628 13,164 14,464 41 A-I: AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION

State/District! Totall Area in Popul­ No_ of Villages No. of No. of No. of Population TaluklUAI Rural! Km2 lation Inha- Unlnha- Towns occupied house­ Persons Males Females OtYlTown Urban per blted blted residential holds Km 2 houses

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12

Kunnamkulam (M) U 6.96 2,824 3.852 3,913 19,657 9,414 10,243 (eT) U 3.68 2,IM 1,486 1,509 7,971 3,750 4,221

2. taluk T 234.26 1,823 20 9 73,398 74,090 426,976 200,219 226,757 R 183.97 1,676 20 53,752 54,061 308,344 144,715 163,629 U 50.29 2,359 9 19,646 20,029 118,632 55,504 63,128

Guruvayoor UA U 50.29 2,359 9 19,646 20,029 118,632 55,504 63,128 GuruvayoornS) U 6,49 3,1 IS 3,534 3,757 20,216 9,365 10,851 (CT) U 4.96 1,646 1,407 1,407 8,162 3,827 4,335 (CT) U 5.06 1,885 \,697 1,705 9,540 4,472 5,068 • Iringaprom( (T) U 4.10 2,224 1,653 1,654 9,120 4,345 4,775 (havakkad (M) U 12.41 3,045 5,795 5,860 37,789 17,759 20,030 (CT) U 3.73 1,965 1,195 1,245 7,329 3,446 3,883 Pa/uva; (CT) U 4.35 1,552 1,114 1,121 6.750 3,135 3,615 Pavaraily «(T) U 4.12 2,534 1,667 1,682 10,439 4,811 5,628 VenmenJd (eT) U 5.07 1,832 1,584 1,598 9,287 4,344 4,943

3. Thrissur taluk T 635.71 1,180 50 21 144,058 145,535 750,352 364,161 386,191 R 493.43 770 SO 74,066 74,541 379,698 183,304 \ 96,394 U 142.28 2,605 21 69,992 70,994 370,654 180,857 189,797

Thri~ur UA U 88,42 3,111 12 52,120 52,991 275,053 134,459 140,594

Thrissur u 18.47 4,429 15,343 15,848 81,798 39,233 42,565 (i) Thri~ur (M) u 12.65 5,898 13,849 14,348 74,604 35,755 38,849 (Ii) Poonkunnam (OG) U 1.46 211 71 71 308 ISO 158 (ill)Perlngavu (OG) U 2.85 1,298 756 762 3,699 1,781 1,918 (Iv) Chembukaw (OG) U 0.28 1,946 11\ III 545 260 285 (v) Thrlssur (OG) U 1.23 2,148 556 556 2,642 1,287 1,355 'Vilvaltom «(T) U 6.25 2,705 3,231 3,245 16,904 8,451 8,453 ' (eT) U 5.09 2,221 2,133 2,167 11,303 5,919 5,384 • Ayyanthole «(T) U 7.25 1,861 2,585 2,647 13,492 6,526 6,966 Nettissery (CT) U 4.22 1,786 1,456 1,456 7,536 3,682 3,854 * Mannuthy (CT) U 13.35 2,391 6,051 6,083 31,914 15,704 16,210 *Nadathara «(T) U 5.52 3,256 3,507 3,544 !7,9/1 8,738 9,233 (CT) U 9.33 3,552 6,277 6,407 33,137 16,271 16,866 *(hiyyaram (CT) U 4.91 4,399 4,063 4,066 21,598 10,671 10,927 *Koorkkanchery(CT) U 2.60 3,658 1,856 1,864 9,512 4,634 4,878 * Aranarwkara(CT) U 5.84 2,846 3,178 3,193 16,623 8,179 8,444 Edakkunny (CT) U 5.59 2,373 2,440 2,471 13,265 6,451 6,814 KoLuhy (eT) U 5.60 1,279 1,384 1,405 7,165 3,435 3,730 Portore (eT) U 4.64 1,233 1,\17 1,124 5,721 2,748 2,973 Kurroor(CT) U 6.38 1,510 1,742 1,742 9,631 4,760 4,871 :Pullazhi (CT) U 7.88 1,696 2,507 2,520 13,362 6,293 7,069 • Kanimangalam(CT) U 8.55 1,976 3,177 3,212 16,897 8,150 8,747 (eT) U 3.13 1,967 1,169 1,119 6,156 3,002 3,154

42 A-I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION

State/District! Total/ Area in Popul- No. of Villages No. of No. of No. of Population TaluklUA/ Rural/ Km~ lation Inha- Uninha- Towns occupied house- Persons Males Females Ory/Town Urban per blted blted residential holds Km2 houses

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 I 12

* (CT) U 4.69 2,251 1,968 1,969 10,559 5,324 5,235 * Chewoor (CT) U 6.08 2,265 2,505 2,533 13,773 6,568 7,205 *Marathakkara (CT) U 6.91 1,785 2,303 2,319 12,337 6,118 6,219

4. Kodungailur taluk T 145.07 1,956 13 4 52,737 52,894 283,765 134,675 149,090 R 100.09 1,812 13 33,690 33,774 181,378 85,732 95,646 U 44.98 2,276 4 19,047 19,120 102,387 48,943 53,444

Kodungallur UA u 38.62 2,296 3 16,511 16,574 88,655 42,537 46,118 Kodungallur (M) U 17.30 1,806 5,984 6,027 31,249 15,024 16,225 Eriyad (CT) U 9.51 2,472 4,005 4,010 23,510 11,180 12,330 *Methala (CT) U 11.8T 2,870 6,522 6,537 33,896 16,333 17,563 Mathilakam (CT) U 6.36 2,159 2,536 2,546 13,732 6,406 7,326

5. Mukundapuram T 1,315.98 561 53 4 146,367 147,370 738,658 357,541 381,117 taluk R 1,262.97 505 53 126,850 127,493 637,743 307,919 329,824 U 53.01 1,904 4 19,517 19,877 100,915 49,622 51,293

* (CT) U 6.41 1,833 2,225 2,229 11,752 5,650 6,102 IrlnJalakuda (M) U 11.24 2,446 5,239 5,393 27,491 13,423 14,068 (M) U 25.23 1,786 8,626 8,807 45,069 22,303 22,766 Koratcy (CT) U 10.13 1,639 3,427 3,448 16,603 8,246 8,357

8. ERNAKULAM T 2,407.00 1,170 89 28 549,268 555,657 2,817,236 1,408,649 1,408,587 DISTRICT R 1,862.79 775 89 285,055 286,022 1,444,059 722,730 721,329 U 544.21 2,523 28 264,213 269,635 1,373,177 685,919 687,258

Koehl UA U (Please See Annexure) Koehl (C) U 94.88 5,951 103,751 108,924 564,589 283,432 281,157

I . Kunnathunad taluk T 658.39 591 23 78,676 78,905 389,287 196,530 192,757 R 644.80 565 23 73,616 73,823 364,620 184,232 180,388 U 13.59 1,815 5,060 5,082 24,667 12,298 12,369

Perumbavoor (M) U 13.59 1,815 5,060 5,082 24,667 12,298 12,369

2. Aluva taluk T 343.47 1,186 16 4 79,465 79,954 407,318 204, i 88 203,130 R 266.30 980 16 51,393 51,831 260,919 130,893 130,026 U 77.17 1,897 4 28,072 28,123 146,399 73,295 73,104

Angamaly (M) U 24.05 .1,264 6,038 6,052 30,391 15,158 15,233 Aluva (M) + U 7.18 3,450 4,949 4,977 24,774 12,305 12,469 (CT)+ U 17.02 2,047 6,522 6,529 34,837 17,694 17,143 (CT) + U 28.92 1,950 10,563 10,565 56,397 28,138 28,259

3. Paravur taluk T 193.60 1,810 4 to 68,842 68,902 350,364 172,450 177,914 R 70.75 1,118 4 15,344 15,350 79,126 38,797 40,329 U 122.85 2,208 10 53,498 53,552 271,238 133,653 137,585 43 A-I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION

State/District! Totall Area In Popul­ No. of Villages No. of No. of No. of Population TaluklUN Rural! Km2 ladon Inha- Uninha- Towns occupied house­ Persons Males Females OtylTown Urban per blted blted residential holds Km2 houses

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

' (CT) U 6.88 2,758 3,620 3,621 18,975 9,135 9,840 (CT) U 9.83 2,701 5,267 5,271 26,553 12,758 13,795 'Chendamang- U 10.83 2,477 5,333 5,336 26,825 12,901 13,924 alam (CT) Paravur (M)+ U 9.02 3,094 5,446 5,450 27,906 13,596 14,310 Kedamangalam (CT) + U 7.66 2,415 3,622 3,623 18,500 8,989 9,511 ~Kottuva"y(CT)+ U 21.00 1,641 6,686 6,686 34,457 16,795 17,662 (CT) +, U 21.02 1,695 6,769 6,802 35,620 17,719 17,901 (CT)+\ U 7.74 2,909 4,370 4,372 22,514 10,993 11,521 + U 14.66 1,735 4,828 4,831 25,433 12,814 12,619 (M)+ U 14.21 2,425 7,557 7,560 34,455 17,953 16,502

4. Koehl taluk T 140_85 3,436 9 2 85,103 89,259 484,004 241,206 242,798 R 97.15 2,224 9 40,437 40,441 216,040 105,826 110,214 U 43.70 6,132 2 44,666 48,818 267,964 135,380 132,584

Kochi Corporation U 39.58 6,583 43,296 47,448 260,563 131,743 128,820 (Part)+ *Cheriyakadavu(CT)+ U 4.12 1,796 1,370 1,370 7,401 3,637 3,764

5. taluk T 322.75 2,168 11 7 140,359 141,521 699,867 349,599 350,268 R 141.61 1,004 11 28,525 28,618 142,119 70,806 71,313 U 181.14 3,079 7 111,834 112,903 557,748 278,793 278,955

Kochi Corp or- U 55.30 5,498 60,455 61,476 304,026 151,689 1,52,337

atlon(Part) + (OG)+ U 14.59 1,234 3,778 3,787 17,999 8,997 9,002

Cheranalloor(CT)+ U 10.59 2,021 4,104 4,106 21,407 10,606 10,801 *(CT) + U 19.27 1,158 4,247 4,248 22,322 11,017 11,305 + U 27.00 2,013 11,430 11,436 54,342 27,789 26,553 Vazhakka/a (CT)+ U 12.87 2,577 6,670 6,681 33,167 16,734 16,433 ( eT) + U 10.49 1,755 3,966 3,966 18,412 9,188 9,224 Thrippunlthura (M) + U 18.69 2,733 10,415 10,434 51,078 25,286 25,792 * (CT)+ U 12.34 2,836 6,769 6,769 34,995 17,487 17,508

6. T 433.53 696 16 3 60,407 60,526 301,591 151,791 149,800 taluk R 367.81 631 16 46,167 46,273 231,965 116,960 115,005 U 65.72 1,059 3 14,240 14,253 69,626 34,831 34,795

MuvatnJpuzha(M) U 13.18 2,094 5,465 5,468 27,595 13,892 13,703 (M) U 29.36 858 5,201 5,204 25,203 12,576 12,627 (M) U 23.18 726 3,574 3,581 16,828 8,363 8,465

7. Kothamang­ T 284.96 649 10 36,416 36,590 184,805 92,885 91,920 alam taluk R 244.92 609 10 29,573 29,686 149,270 75,216 74,054 U 40.04 887 6,843 6,904 35,535 17,669 17,866 • Part of Koehl Urban Aagtomention 44 A-I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION

State/Disaicti Total/ Area In Popul- No_ of Villages No_ of No. of No. of Population TaluklUN Rural/ Km2 lation Inha- Unlnha- Towns occupied house­ Persons Males Females QtylTown Urban per blted bited residential holds Km2 houses

2 3' 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 (M) U 40.04 887 6,843 6,904 35,535 17,669 17,866

9. IDUKKI T 5,019.00 215 65 2 231,436 232,995 1,078,066 545,872 532,194 DISTRICT R 4,951.57 207 65 221,076 222,481 1,027,185 520,308 506,877 U 67.43 755 2 10,360 10,514 50,881 25,564 25,317

·ldukk'Township U 32.00 320 2,407 2,417 10,225 5,263 4,962

J • Deviklliam taluk T 1,774.16 112 13 43,867 44,039 197,916 101,022 96,894 R 1,774.16 112 13 43,867 44,039 197,916 101,022 96,894 U

2. Udumban- T 1,071. 40 369 23 85,081 85,868 395,678 200,891 194,787 chola taluk R 1,067.55 369 23 84,626 85,412 393,582 199,816 193,766 U 3.85 544 455 456 2,096 1,075 1,021

ldukkl Townshlp(Part) U 3.85 544 455 456 2,096 1,075 1,021

3. Thodupuzha taluk T 973.29 308 19 2 61,833 62,058 299,540 150,895 148,645 R 909.71 276 19 51,928 52,000 250,755 126,406 124,349 U 63.58 767 2 9,905 10,058 48,785 24,489 24,296

Idukki township (Part) U 28.15 289 1,952 1,961 8,129 4,188 3,941 Thodupuzha (M) U 35.43 1148 7,953 8,097 40,656 20,301 20,355

4 _ Peerumade taluk T 1,286.37 144 10 40,655 41,030 184,932 93,064 91,868 R 1,286.37 144 10 40,655 41,030 184,932 93,064 91,868 U

10. KOTTAYAM T 2,203.00 830 90 8 359,885 361,813 1,828,271 912,860 915,411 DISTRICT R 2,034.43 741 90 298,104 299,070 1,507,353 752,358 754,995 U 168.57 1904 8 61,781 62,743 320,918 160,502 160,416

I . Meenachil taluk T 692.87 555 26 2 72,805 73,184 384,594 193,161 191,433 R 662.70 SIS 26 65,450 65,598 ~41,478 171,301 170,177 U 30.17 1429 2 7,355 7,586 43,116 21,860 21,256

Palal (M) U 15.93 1374 3,810 3,982 21,890 10,876 11,014 (M) U 14.24 1491 3,545 3,604 21,226 10,984 10,242

2. Valkom taluk T 319.29 925 16 58,080 58,158 295,218 146,982 148,236 R 310.56 880 16 53,778 53,849 273,430 136,250 137,180 U 8.73 2496 4,302 4,309 21,788 10,732 11,056

Valkom (M) U 8.73 2496 4,302 4,309 21,788 10,732 11,056

45 A-I: AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION

State/District! Totall Area in Popul- No. of Villages No. of No. of No. of Population TaluklUAI Rurall Km2 ladon Inha- Uninha· Towns occupied house­ Persons Hales Females City/Town Urban per bited bited residential holds Km 2 houses

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

3. Kottayam taluk T 499.90 1,172 22 3 117,358 118,050 586,044 292,418 293,626 R 436.20 962 22 84,079 84,351 419,492 209,275 210,217 U 63.70 2,615 3 33,279 33,699 166,552 83,143 83,409

Kottayam UA U 63.70 2,615 3 33,279 33,699 166,552 83,143 83,409 Kottayam U 27.33 ).,279 17,825 18,129 89,625 44,613 45,012 (i) Kottayam (H) U 15.55 4,061 12,632 12,869 63, ISS 31,397 31,758 (Ii) Vijayapuram (OG) U 11.78 :2,247 5,193 5,260 26,470 13,216 13,254 Perumbaikad (CT) U 14.04 2,804 7,661 7,723 39,363 19,781 19,582 Nattakam (CT) U 22.33 1,682 7,793 7,847 37,564 18,749 18,815

4. Changanassery T 261.78 1,234 14 63,911 64,416 322,95 I 160,280 162,671 tal uk R 248.28 1,090 14 54,093 54,329 270,506 134,269 136,237 U 13.50 3,885 9,818 10,087 52,445 26,011 26,434

Changanassery (H) U 13.50 3,885 9,818 10,087 52,445 26,011 26,434

5. Kaniirappally T 421.60 568 12 47,731 48,005 239,464 120,019 119,445 taluk R 369.13 548 12 40,704 40,943 202,447 101,263 101,184 U 52.47 705 7,027 7,062 37,017 18,756 18,261

Kanjirappa/ly (CT) U 52.47 705 7,027 7,062 37,017 18,756 18,261

II.ALAPPUZHA T 1,414.00 1,415 75 14 402,789 405,210 2,001,217 975,885 1,025,332 DISTRICT R 1,125.92 1,236 75 283,959 285,159 1,391,607 677,351 714,256 U 288.08 2,116 14 118,830 120,051 l>,09,610 298,534 311,076

1 . taluk T 320.44 1,491 13 8 95,875 95,969 477,819 235,420 242,399 R 190.80 1,465 13 55,955 56,008 279,477 138,161 141,316 U 129.64 1,530 8 39,920 39,961 198,342 97,259 101,083

Cherthala UA U 92.59 1,435 5 27,397 27,416 132,883 64,833 68,050 Cherthala (H) U 16.18 2,678 8,604 8,618 43,326 21,156 22,170 VaYJ/ar( CT) U 14.45 1,549 4,653 4,654 22,384 10,933 11,451 Kokkothaman· U 11.29 1,409 3,280 3,280 15,904 7,830 8,074 ga/Jm(CT) Thanneer· U 23.91 1,202 6,025 6,029 28,728 13,963 14,765 mukkom(CT) Mlihamma (CT) U 26.76 842 4,835 4,835 22,541 10,951 11,590 (Cn U 15.14 2,090 6,050 6,066 31,642 15,651 15,991 (CT) U 11.10 1,414 2,825 2,828 15,693 7,840 7,853 Kodarnthllruthu (CT) U 10.81 1,677 3,648 3,651 18,124 8,935 9,189

2. Ambalappulha T 178.81 2,280 6 3 78,698 79,618 407,772 200,130 207,642 taluk R 67,81 1,738 6 23,215 23,258 117,826 58,099 59,727 U 111.00 2,612 3 55,483 56,360 289,946 142,031 147,915

46 A-I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION

State/District! Totall Area in Popul- No. of Villages No. of No. of No. of Population Taluk/UN Rural/ Km 2 lation Inha- Uninha- Towns occupied house­ Persons Hales Females Clcy/Town Urban per bited bieed residential holds Km 2 houses

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12

Alappuzha UA U 84.48 3,136 2 50,541 51,417 264,969 129,770 135,199 Alappuzha U 70.48 3,231 42,531 43,390 227,716 111,520 116,196 (I) Alappuzha (H) U 46.77 3,735 32,203 33,016 174,666 85,699 88,967 (iI) Kalarkode (OG) U 11.50 2,023 4,701 4,712 23,267 11,220 12,047 (III) (OG) U 12.21 2,439 5,627 5,662 29,783 14,601 15,182 Koma/apuram (CT) U 14.00 2,661 8,010 8,027 37,253 18,250 19,003 Mannanchery (eT) U 26.52 942 4,942 4,943 24,977 12,261 12,716

3. taluk T 265.93 790 14 40,523 40,794 210,004 103,620 106,384 R 265.93 790 14 40,523 40,794 210,004 103,620 106,384 U

4. Karthlkappally T 224.51 1,749 17 78,066 78,374 392,629 189,793 202,836 taluk R 202.72 1,606 17 65,985 66,246 325,478 156,687 168,791 U 21.79 3,082 12,081 12,128 67,151 33,106 34,045

Kayamkulam(H) U 21.79 3,082 12,081 12,128 67,151 33,106 34,045

5. Chengannur taluk T 141.19 1,393 II 41,978 42,388 196,652 94,796 101,856 R 128.19 1,332 II 36,555 36,882 170,780 82,247 88,533 U 13.00' 1,990 5,423 5,506 25,872 12,549 13,323

Chengannur(H) u 13.00 1,990 5,423 5,506 25,872 12,549 13,323

6. Havelikkara taluk T 230.37 1,373 14 67,649 68,067 316,341 152,126 164,215 R 217.72 1,323 14 61,726 61,971 288,042 138,537 149,505 U 12.65 2,237 5,923 6,096 28,299 13,589 14,710

Havelikkara (M) u 12.65 2,237 5,923 6,096 28,299 13,589 14,710

12.PATHANAHT- T 2,642.00 450 64 4 258,873 259,629 1,188,332 576,176 612,156 HITTA DISTRICT R 2,541.72 407 64 226,234 226,793 1,033,298 500,965 532,333 U 100.28 1,546 4 32,639 32,836 155,034 75,211 79,823

1 . Thlruvalla taluk T 164.62 1,378 10 47,774 47,796 226,822 109,475 117,347 R 136.68 1,259 10 36,502 36,513 172,042 83,185 88,1>57 U 27.94 1,961 11,272 11,283 54,780 26,29U 28,490

Thiruvalla (H) U 27.94 1,961 11,272 11,283 54,780 26,290 28,490

2. MalJappally taluk T 156.12 846 9 28,438 28,454 132,144 64,046 68,098 R 156.12 846 9 28,438 28,454 132,144 64,046 68,098 U

3 _ Ranni taluk T 1,067.48 196 11 45,534 45,693 209,374 103,522 105,852 R 1,067.48 196 11 45,534 45,693 209,374 103,522 105,852 U 47 A-I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION

Suce/District/ Totall Area in Popul­ No. of Villages No. of No. of No. of Population TawuAI Rural/ Km% latlon Inha- Uninha- Towns occupied house­ Persons Hales Females Qty/Town Urban per blted bited residential holds Km2 houses

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12

4_ Kozhencherry talukT 1,015.33 331 21 74,565 74,842 336,498 162,119 174,379 R 991.83 303 21 67,141 67,324 300,616 144,351 156,265 U 23.50 1,527 7,424 7,518 35,882 17,768 18,114

Padlanamthitta (H) U 23.50 1,527 7,424 7,51e 35,882 17,768 18,114

S. AdoClr taluk T 327.16 867 13 2 62,562 62,844 283,494 137,014 146,480 R 278.32 787 13 48,619 48,809 219,122 105,861 113,261 U 48.84 1,318 2 13,943 14,035 64,372 31,153 33,219

Pandabm(H) U 28.42 1,328 8,210 8,265 37,733 18,148 19,585 Adoor (M) U 20,42 1,305 5,733 5,770 26,639 13,005 13,634

13. KOLLAM T 2,491.00 967 92 7 485,190 489,774 2,407,566 1,182,810 1,224,756 DISTRICT R 2,372.56 827 92 402,078 404,517 1,961,530 962,181 999,349 U 118.44 3,766 7 83,112 85,257 446,036 220,629 225,407

KoIlam UA (Please See Annexure)

I • Karunagappally T 192.32 2,002 16 74,587 74,979 385,103 191,149 193,954 taluk R 182.13 2,030 16 71,673 71,995 369,679 183,422 186,257 U 10.19 1,514 2,914 2,984 15,424 7,727 7,697

Neendakara(OG)+ U 10.19 1,514 2,914 2,984 15,424 7,727 7,697

2. Kunnathur taluk T 138.12 1,294 7 36,689 37,041 178,665 88,259 90,406 R 138.12 1,294 7 36,689 37,041 178,665 88,259 90,406 U

3. PathOinapuram T 1,235.51 336 21 89,380 89,788 415,247 204,182 211,065 taluk R 1,200.91 307 21 79,761 80,138 368,968 181,308 187,660 U 34.60 1,338 9,619 9,650 46,279 22,874 23,405

Punalur(H) U 34.60 1,338 9,619 9,650 46,279 22,874 23,405

4. Kottarakkara T 549.77 970 27 113,357 113,470 533,447 258,811 274,636 taluk R 549.77 970 27 113,357 113,470 533,447 258,811 274,636 .U

5. T 380.21 2,354 21 6 171,177 174,496 895,104 440,409 454,695 R 306.56 1,666 21 100,598 101,873 510,771 250,381 260,390 U 73.65 5,218 6 70,579 72,623 384,333 190,028 19~,305

KoIIam(M) + U 18.48 7,568 25,602 26,713 139,852 69,340 70,512 Sakrhilrul.mgara ~OG) U 9.17 4,847 8,618 8,831 44,451 22,254 22,197 Hundakkal (OGj + U 3.'45 6,168 3,870 3,904 21,280 10,528 10,752 M3ngad (CT) + U 6.55 4,323 5,339 5,391 28,317 13,865 14,452

48 A-I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION

State/District! Total! Area in Popul- No. of Villages No. of No. of No. of Population Taluk/UAI Rural! Km 2 latlon Inha- Uninha- Towns occupied house­ Persons Males Females OcylTown Urban per bited bited residential holds Km 2 houses

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12

Kilikollur (CT)· U 4.66 6,106 5,293 5,522 28,456 13,976 14,480 • (CT)· U 8.55 5,867 9,128 9,243 50,165 24,898 25,267 * (eT)· U 6.60 5,247 6,206 6,270 34,627 17,258 17,369 * Paravoor (M) U 16.19 2,297 6,523 6,749 37,185 17,909 19,276

14. TRIVANDRUM T 2,192.00 1,344 93 10 606,463 619,558 2,946,650 1,447,594 1,499,056 DISTRICT R 1,934.51 1,007 93 408,009 413,655 1,948,407 955,301 993,106 U 257.49 3,877 10 198,454 205,903 998,243 492,293 505,950

Trivandrum UA (Please See Annexure)

I . Chirayink­ T 380.68 1,510 26 3 115,687 116,375 574,789 272,532 302,257 eezhu taluk R 343.61 1,406 26 97,976 98,499 483,065 229,281 253,784 U 37.07 2,474 3 17,711 17,876 91,724 43,251 48,473

Varkala (M) U 15.42 2,528 7,031 7,115 38,987 18,506 20,481 Vakkom (CT) U 7.47 2,691 4,006 4,028 20,103 9,150 10,953 (M) U 14.18 2,301 6,674 6,733 32,634 15,595 17,039

2. TalukT 926.77 620 26 123,682 125,026 574,530 281,148 293,382 R 894.25 587 26 113,324 114,558 524,655 256,919 267,736 U 32.52 1,534 10,358 10,468 49,875 24,229 25,646

Nedumangad (M) U 32.52 1,534 10,358 10,468 49,875 24,229 25,646

3. Trivandrum taluk T 307.55 3,380 12 5 207,755 215,142 1,039,465 515,371 524,094 R 134.03 1,781 12 47,569 48,288 238,659 118,763 119,896 U 173.52 4,615 5 160,186 166,854 800,806 396,608 404,198

UIloor (CT) ++ U 7.97 3,227 5,293 5,401 25,719 13,013 12,706 KlIdappanakunnu U 7.69 4,361 7,083 7,320 33,534 16,506 17,028 (CT) ++ Anayara (CT) ++ U 8.14 3,015 4,842 5,005 24,541 12,025 12,516 Trivandrum (C)++ U 74.93 6,993 102,848 107,892 524,006 259,672 264,334 Kazhakkoottam U 5.02 2,493 2,623 2,645 12,515 6,144 6,371 (OG) ++ Thumba (OG) ++ U 16.03 2,114 7,214 7,329 33,880 16,780 17,100 Sreekaryam (OG) ++ U 8.87 1,944 3,732 3,771 17,245 8,509 8,736 Cheruvikkal U 8.70 2,447 4,563 4,612 21,286 10,468 10,818 (OG)++ Vattiyoorkavu U 10.61 3,172 6,893 7,345 33,653 16,639 17,014 (OG)++

Thlruvallam (OG) ++ U 12.69 2,511 6,368 6,551 31,868 15,831 16,037 Nemom (CT) ++ U 12.87 3,307 8,727 8,983 42,559 21,021 21,538

+ Pan of Kollam Urban Allglomeration 49 A-I ; AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION

State/Olstricu Totall Area In Popul- No. of Villages No. of No. of No. of Population Taluk/UN Rurall Km 2 ladon lnila- Uninha- Towns occupied house- Persons Males Females CitylTown Urban per Dited bited residential holds Kml houses

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12

4. T 570.91 1,327 29 159,339 163,015 757,866 378,543 379,323 tal uk R 556.53 1,261 29 149,140 152,310 702,028 350,338 351,690 U 14.38 3,883 10,199 10,705 55,838 28,205 27,633

Kovalam (OG)++ U 4.68 5,431 4,379 4,578 25,419 13,051 12,368 Neyyattinkara (M) U 9.70 3,136 5,820 6,127 30,419 15,154 15,265

+ + Part of Trivandrum Urban Agglomeration Eravipuram CT " Eravipuram CT Note: 1. The Number of towns given on Col. 7 excludes OG the 22 Urban Outgrowths. 8. Kodiyeri Census Town of 1981 which included 2. Names of towns treated as such for the first time portions of Kodiyeri and Panchayats in 199 I Census have been given in italics. was split up and portion included in Kodiyeri panchayat merged with Thalassery Municipal 3. Names of towns .:reated as such for the first time town and New Mahe Panchayat poni"n became in 1981 Census have been marked with an aster­ New Mahe Census town in 1991 . isk (*) on their left. 9. 16 Municipalities were newly formed in 1991 of 4. 'dukki Township lies in two taluks which Koothuparamba, Taliparamba, Ottappalam, and Thodupuzha TaJuks. Kalamassery and Eloor were Census Towns in 1981 Census. outgrowth of 1981 be­ 5. Payyannur, , and came a Census town in 1991. Thalassery and Mannarkad Towns were treated as towns for the Thiruvalla Municipalities have got addition in area first time in 1971 but declassified in 1981. They after 1981 Census. are again treated as town in 1991. 10. For the procedure adopted in presenting the area 6. Kakkanad and Mundakkal urban outgrowths were figures for State/DistrictiTaluk/Statutory townl part o-f Thrikkakara (OG) and Eravipuram Cen­ Census town and Urban Outgrowths see the fly­ sus towns respectively of 1981 . leaf to this table.

7. The following townslOGs of 1981 were bifur­ 11. For the procedure adopted in working out the cated after 1981 Census. density of population per sq.km see the fly leaf to this tJble Azhikode CT Bifurcated into Azhikode North CT 12. Out of the 16 urban agglomerations Kannur, Azhikode South CT Kochi, Kollam and Trivandrum agglomerations lie Olavanna CT " Olavanna CT in two or more taluks. CT 13. The following abbreviatiom are used to denote Feroke CT " Feroke CT the Civic status of towns. CT C - Corporation Vadakkekara CT " Vadakkekara CT M - Municipal town Moothakunnam CT CT- Census Town (Non - municipal town) EloorCT " EloorCT TS- Township " Varappuzha CT Cantt. - Cantonment Thtikkakara OG " CT OG- Urban Outgrowth Kakkanad OG

50 A-I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION ANNEXURE

Details of Urban Agglomerations lying in two taluks with its Constituent Units Districtl Area Population No. of No. of No. of Population U t./Constituent in Km? per Km 2 Town occupied house Persons Males Females Units residential holds houses 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 KANNUR DISTRICT

Kannur UA 145.07 3,198 15 68,421 69,601 463,962 225,526 238,436 a) Kannur (M) 11.03 5,915 9,357 9,698 65,238 32,043 33,195 b) Kannur Cantt 1.79 2,693 696 698 4,820 3,024 1,796 c) Azhikode North(CT) 8.64 2,231 2,856 2,860 19,277 9,408 9,869 d) Azhikode South(CT) 7.40 3,119 3,468 3,497 23,077 11,170 11,907 e) Valapattanam (CT) 2.04 4,373 946 1,114 8,920 4,580 4,340 f) Chirakkal (CT) 13.56 2,938 6,003 6,070 39,838 19,370 20,468 g) Elayavoor (CT) 11.57 2,527 4,575 4,640 29,239 13,938 15,301 h) Puzhathi (CT) 9.17 3,339 4,440 4,506 30,616 15,559 15,057 i) Pallikkunnu (CT) 6.90 3,631 3,897 3,937 25,057 12,098 12,959 j) Thottada (CT) 18.26 1,822 5,313 5,320 33,261 15,880 17,381 k) Muzhappilangad(CT) 7.19 2,616 2,641 2,665 18,812 9,072 9,740 I) Eranholi (CT) 10.08 2,340 3,874 3,875 23,584 11,118 12,466 m) Dharmadom (CT) 10.66 2,505 4,119 4,120 26,705 12,802 13,903 n) Thalassery (M) 23.96 4,323 14,743 15,068 103,579 49,879 53,700 0) New Mahe (CT) 2.82 4,234 1,493 1,533 11,939 5,585 6,354

ERNAKULAM DISTRICT

Kochi UA 373.27 3,056 19 217,812 223,116 1,140,605 571,169 569,436 a) Kochi 109.47 5,322 107,529 112,711 582,588 292,429 290, 159 I) Kochi (C)' 94.88 5,951 103,751 108,924 564,589 283,432 281, 157 ii) Kakkanad (OG) 14.59 1,234 3,778 3,787 17,999 8,997 9,002 b) Aluva (M) 7.18 3,450 4,949 4,977 24,774 12,305 12,469 c) Choornikkara (CT) 17.02 2,047 6,522 6,529 34,837 17,694 17,143 d) Edathala (CT) 28.92 1,950 10,563 10,565 56,397 28,138 28,259 e) Paravur (M) 9.02 3,094 5,446 5,450 27,906 13,596 14,310 f) Kedamangalam (CT) 7.66 2,415 3,622 3,623 18,500 8,989 9,511 g) (CT) 21.00 1,641 6,686 6,686 34,457 16,795 17,662 h) Alangad (CT) 21.02 1,695 6,769 6,802 35,620 17,719 17,901 i) Varappuzha (CT) 7.74 2,909 4,370 4,372 22,514 10,993 11,521 i) Kadungalioor (CT) 14.66 1,735 4,828 4,831 25,433 12,814 12,619 k) Eloor (M) 14.21 2,425 7,557 7,560 34,455 17,953 16,502 I) Cherlyakadavu (CT) 4.12 1,796 1,370 1,370 7,401 3,637 3,764 m) Cheranalloor (CT) 10.59 2,021 4,104 4,106 21,407 10,606 10,801 n) Mulavukad (CT) 19.27 1, 158 4,247 4,248 22,322 11,017 11,305 0) Kalamassery (M) 27.00 2,013 11,430 11,436 54,342 27,789 26,553 p) Vazhakkala (CT) 12.87 2,577 6,670 6,681 33,167 16,734 16,433 q) Thiruvankulam(CT) 10.49 1,755 3,966 3,966 18,412 9,188 9,224

• In Kochi & Kanayannur taluks S1 A-I: AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION ANNEXURE

Details of Urban Agglomerations lying in two taluks with its Constituent Units

District/ Area Population No. of No. of No. of Population UA/Constituent in Km 2 per Km 2 Town occupied house Persons Males Females Units residential holds houses 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

r) (M) 18.69 2,733 10,415 10,434 51,078 25,286 25,792 s) Maradu (CT) 12.34 2,836 6,769 6,769 34,995 17,487 17,508

KOLlAM DISTRICT

Kollam UA 67.65 5,360 5 66,970 68,858 362,572 179,846 182,726 a) Kollam 41.29 5,353 41,004 42,432 221,007 109,849 111,158 iJ Kollam (M) 18.48 7,568 25,602 26,713 139,852 69,340 70,512 ii) (OG) 9.17 4,847 8,618 8,831 44,451 22,254 22,197 iii) (OG) 10.19 1,514 2,914 2,984 15,424 7,727 7,697 iv) Mundakkal (OG) 3.45 6,168 3,870 3,904 21,280 10,528 10,752 b) MangOld (CT) 6.55 4,323 5,339 5,391 28,317 13,865 14,452 c) Kilikollur (CT) 4.66 6,106 5,293 5,522 28,456 13,976 14,480 d) Vadakkevila (CT) 8.55 5,867 9,128 9,243 50,165 24,898 25,267 e) Eravipuram (CT) 6.60 5,247 6,206 6,270 34,627 17,258 17,369

TRIVANDRUM DISTRICT

Trivandrum UA 178.20 4,637 5 164,565 171,432 826,225 409,659 416,566 a) Trivandrum 141.53 4,945 138,620 144,723 699,872 347,094 352,778 i) Trivandrum (C) 74.93 6,993 102,848 107,892 524,006 259,672 264,334 ii) Kazhakkoottam(OG) 5.02 2,493 2,623 2,645 12,515 6,144 6,371 iii) Thumba (OG) 16.03 2,114 7,214 7,329 33,880 16,780 17,100 iv) Sreekaryam (OG) 8.87 1,944 3,732 3,771 17,245 8,509 8,736 v) Cheruvikkal (OG) 8.70 2,447 4,563 4,612 21,286 10,468 10,818 vi) Vaniyoorkavu (OG) 10.61 3,172 6,893 7,345 33,653 16,639 17,014 vii) Thiruvallam (OG) 12.69 2,511 6,368 6,551 31,868 15,831 16,037 viii) (OG) 4.68 5,43i 4,379 4,578 25,419 13,051 12,368 b) UlioOi' (eT) 7.97 3,227 5,293 5,401 25,719 13,013 12,706 c) Kudappanakunnu(CT) 7.69 4,361 7,083 7,320 33,534 16,506 17,028 d) Anayara (eT) 8.14 3,015 4,842 5,005 24,541 12,025 12,516 e) Nemom (eT) 12.87 3,307 8,727 8,983 42,559 21,021 21,538

52 A-I: AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION APPENDIX -I

Sldtcment showing i 991lerritorial units and changes during 1981-1991.

( The units which have not undergone any jurisdictional change have been excluded from this appendix. The area figures ~ven here are based on the area flgures supplied by the Director of ,1· Survey and Land Records forthe 1991 Census).

State! 1981 Area added Name of Sbte! Area Subtracted Name of State! Net Area

District! T~rri(ariJ! Nlln~ ArcJ in distriCt!tlluk Name Area in dlstrlct/taluk change In taluk Unit Sq.km from which area sq. km. to which area sq. km. is subtracted Is added (+ or-)

2 3 4 6 7 8 9

KERAlA Kasaragod Newly formed Newly formed district after 1981 i) Kasaragod taluk 1900,00 Kannur District + 1990.00 census ii) Hosdurg taluk

Kannur district Kannur district I) Kasaragod taluk 1990.00 Newly formed II) Hosdurg taluk Kasaragod district -1990.00

Wayanad district No changes in Jurisdiction

Mananthavady tJluk Mananthavady Aportion of Kuppa- 5.27 Sultan 8athery - 5.27 III IH taluk thodu village to tal uk Nadavayal village

Sultan 8athery Sulthan 8athery i) Aportion of 5.27 Mananthavady + 5.27 taluk taluk KUppathodu taluk village to NadJ- vayal village ii) Nadavayal 5.07 Vythiri taluk + 5.07 Village

Vythlri tJluk Vythiri taluk Nadavayal village 5.07 Sulthan Bathery - 5.07 tal uk

Kozhlkode district No changes in Jurisdiction

Vadakara taluk Vadakara tJluk Velom village 25.80 Quiland'; taluk + 25.80

Quilandy tal uk Qullandy taluk Velom village 25.80 Vadakara - 25.80

Thrlssur district Thrlssur district Thuruth 0.16 Emakulam district + 0.16 and Su~am Thuruth of Puthenvelikkara village of Paravur taluk of Emakulam district

-_... ~--'-+~"+"'''-'-'""- State! 1981 Area added Name of State/ Area Subtracted Narne of State! Net Area

District! Territorial Name Area in distrlct!ta1uk Name Area in distJict!taluk change in ta1uk Unit Sq,km from which area sq, km, to which area ~q, km, Is subtracted is added (+ or-)

2 3 4 6 7 8 9

Kodun~allur Kodungallur Kakkanadan Thuruth 0,16 Paravur taluk + 0,16 taluk taluk and Su~am Thuruth of Puthenvelikkara village of Paravur lJluk of Ernakulam district

Emakulam Emakulam Kakkanadan Thuruth 0,16 Kodungallur -0,16 district district and Su~arn Thuruth taluk of Thrissur of Puthenvellkkara district village of Paravur taluk Kunnathunad Kunnathunad Aportion of Komba- 19.33 Aluva taluk -19.33 taluk taluk nad village to Ayyampuzha village

Aluv3 taluk Aluva taluk Aportion of Kombanad 19.3J Kunnathunad taluk Portion of Veliya- 2,14 Paravur taluk + 17,19 village to Ayyampuzha thunad and Kadunga- village lIur Karas of Alma west village,

\n .to Paravur Paravur Aportion of Veliya- 2,14 Aluva Kakkanadan Thuruth 0,16 Kodungallur +1.98 taluk tJluk thunad and Kadungallur taluk and Suldam Thuruth taluk Karas of Alma West of Pultienvelikkara village of Aluva tal uk village

Idukki Idukki North Pampavallyand 21. 45 Newly fOl111ed -21. 45 district district area around Sabari- Pathanamthitta mala Sannldhanam of district Mlappara village of Peerurnade taluk

Peerumade Peerumade -do- 21.45 Newly fOl111ed -21.45 taluk taluk Ranni taluk

Kottay.m No Changes in Jurisdiction District

Meenachil Meenachll Koottlckal 29.83 Kanjlrappally -29,83 taluk taluk vlllag~ tal uk

Chanian~sery Changanassery Aportion of 0,20 -do- -0,20 taluk taluk village

KMlpr~ppally Kanjirappally i) Koottkkai ~Ilage 29,83 Meenachil +29,83 ~uk taluk taluk ii) Aportion of 0.20 Changanassery +0.20 vellavoor village tlluk

Alappuzha Alappuzha i) Whole of Thiru- 346.50 Newly fonned district district valla taluk Pathanamthitta ii) 3villages of 59.97 district Chengannur taluk iii)2 villa~es of 53.78 -460.35 Mave':~kara taluk iv) Aportion of 0.10 Kollam Valia Azheekka! district Kara of Arattu- puzha village of karthikapally taluk Karthikappally Aportion of _ 0.10 Karunagappally -0.10 tal uk taluk Valia Azheekkalkara tal uk of Arattupuzha village

Chengannur Chengannur 3villages, Aran- 59.97 Newly formed -59.97 taluk taluk mula, Mezhuvell Kozhencherry and Kulanada tal uk

Mavelikkara Mavelikkara 2 villages-Thonna- 53.78 Newly formed -53.78 t.1luk tal uk lIur and Adoor t.1luk Thekkekara 111 111 Pathanamthitt.1 Newly formed Newly formed with +2728.82 district after 1981 i) Whole Thiruvalla 346.50 Census taluk ii) J villages- 59.97 Mezhuveli and Kula- Alappuzha nada of Chengannur district taluk iii)2 villages- Thonna- 53.78 lIur and of Mavelikkara tlluk Iv) Whole of Pathanam- 1975.60 thitta taluk v) 10 villages-Adoor, 271.52 , Erath, Kallam Peringanad, Kadam- district panad, , , , Angadlckal and pallickal of Kunnathur taluk vi) North Pampavally 21.45 Idukki and area around district Sabarimala Sanni- Statel 1981 Area added Name of State/ Area Subtracted Name of State/ Net Area District! Territorial Name Area in dismct!taluk Name Area In dlstrictltaluk change In sq, km, taluk Unit Sq,km from which area sq, km, to which area Illubtracted Is added (+ or-)

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 dhanam of Mlappara village of Peen made tal uk of Idukki district

Thiruvalla Thiruvalla I) 8villagel- 156,12 Newly fonned -156,12 taluk taluk Kaliooppara,Malla- Mallappal~ ppally, Anlcadu, taluk , Perum- petty, Puramattom and villages II) Ayroor village 25,16 Newly fonned -25.16 Rannl tal uk

Mallappally Newly fonned Newly constituted 156,12 Thlruvalla +156,12 taluk after 1981 with eight villages- taluk census K~loopara, Malla- 11I ppally, , 0- Kottangal, Ezhumattoor, Pura- mattom and Kunnam- thanam villages

Rannl Newly formed Newly constituted tal uk after 1981 with censul i) North Pampavally and 21.45 Peerumade +21.45 area around Saban- taluk mala Sannidhanam of 'Mlappara village II) Ayroor village 25.76 Thlruvalla taluk +25.76 iii) 7villages-, Pazhavangadl,Chetha- Pathanam- Portion of Rannl 5,80 Newly fonned +249,53 kkal,, Vadas- 255.33 thitta village Kozhencherry serikkara,Ranni and taluk taluk

Kozhencherry Newly formed Newly constituted taluk after 1981 with census i) 3vlllages-Aranmula, 59,97 Chengannur +59,97 Mezhuveli & Kulanada taluk U) Portion of Rannl 5,80 Rannl +5,80 village taluk III) 13 vi1lages-Pathana- mthitta, , Mallapuzhassery, 8anthur,Cheneerkara, , Malayala- 1720.27 Pathanam- +1720.27 puzha, Thannlthodu, thitta Konnaithazham,lravon, taluk KOIIni, and Vallikkode

Adoor Newly foomed Newly constituted taluk afier 1981 with census I) Thoonallur and 53.78 Mavelikkara +53.78 Pandalam Thekkekara taluk ii) 10 villages - Adoor, Ezhamkulam, Erath, Peringanad, Kadampa- 271.52 Kunnathur +271.52 nad, Koodal, Enadl- taluk maQgalarn, Kodumon, and Pallickal villages

Kollam Kallam Aportion of Valla 0.10 Alappuzha I) Whole of Path a- 1975.60 Newly formed district district Azheekkal Kara of district namthitta taluk Pathanam- Arattupuzha village il) 10 villages - Adoor, 271.52 thitta of Karthlkappal~ Ezhamkulam, Erath, district taluk of Alappuzha Peringanad, Kadampa- - 224:r.02 ...,111 district nad, Koodal, Enadi- mangalam, Kodumon, Angadickal and Pallickal villages Karunagapp~~ Karunagappal~ Aportion of 0.10 Karthlkapally Mynagapally village 19.70 Kunnathur -19.60 tlluk tlluk Valla Azheekkalkara taluk taluk of Arattupuzha village

Kunnathur Kunnalhur Mynagapally village 19.70 Karunagappally 10 villages - Adoor, 271.5 2 Newly fonned -251.82 tlluk taluk taluk Ezhamkulam, Erath, Adoor taluk Peringanad,Kadampa- nad, Koodal, Enadi- mangalam, Kodumon, Angadickal and Pallickal villages

Pathanapuram Pathanapuram Portloo of 2villages 1.83 Kottarakkara +1.83 taluk taluk Ittiva and Chltnara taluk

Kottarai

Trivandrum No Changes in Jurisdiction dlst"ct A-I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION APPENDIX - 2 Number and Population of villages with population of 5000 and over and of Towns with population under 5000

State/ Villages with population Towns with a population districr/ of 5000 and over of under 5000 taluk No. Population % of total rural No. Population % of total urban population of state population of state 2 3 4 5 6 7

KERALA 1,259 21,008,840 98.09 4,820 0.06

KASARAGOD DISTRICT 73 762,753 3.56 Kasaragod taluk 40 367,823 1.12 Hosdurg taluk 33 394,930 1.84

KANNUR DISTRICT 78 1,106,251 5.17 4,820 0.06 41 543,788 2.54 Kannur taluk 7 124,264 0.58 4,820 0.06 Thalassery taluk 30 438,199 2.05

WAY ANAD DISTRICT 47 647,407 3.02 Manamhavady taluk 16 203,701 0.95 Sulthan Barhery raluk 15 255,397 1.19 Vythiri raluk 16 188,309 0.88

KOZHIKODE DISTRICT 85 1,606,944 7.50 Vadakara raluk 22 459,526 2.15 Quilandy taluk 36 640,965 2.99 Kozhikode taluk 27 506,453 2.36

MAlAPPURAM DISTRICT 123 2,813,876 13.14 Ernad taluk 50 1,078,584 5.04 22 413,862 1.93 41 1,052,312 4.91 10 269,118 1.26

PAlAKKAD DISTRICT 139 1,942,917 9.07 Ottappalam taluk 37 665,413 3.11 raluk 23 263,488 1.23 Palakkad taluk 24 337,178 1.57 Chittur raluk 25 278,372 1.30 Alathur taluk 30 398,466 1.86

THRISSUR DISTRICT 167 1,867,825 8.72 Talappally taluk 51 434,619 2.03 Chavakkad taluk 19 304,061 1.42 Thrissur taluk 36 328,050 1.53 Kodungallur taluk 12 177,589 0.83 49 623,506 2.91

ERNAKUlAM DISTRICT 86 1,436,791 6.71 Kunnathunad taluk 22 362,476 1.69 AluVd taluk IS 260,745 1.22 Paravur taluk 4 79,126 0.37 Koehi taluk 9 216,040 1.01

58 A-I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION APPENDIX - 2 Number and Population of villages with population of 5000 and over and of Towns with population under 5000

State/ Villages with population Towns with J population district/ of 5000 and over of under 5000 taluk No. Population % of total rural No. Population % of total urban population of state population of state 2 3 4 5 6 7 Kanayannur taluk 10 137,169 0.64 16 231,965 1.08 Kothamangalam taluk 10 149,270 0.70

IDUKKI DISTRICT 59 1,012,688 4.73 taluk 10 189,524 0.88 Udumbanchola taluk 22 388,839 1.82 Thodupuzha taluk 18 250,324 1.17 Peerumade taluk 9 184,001 0.86

KOTTAYAM DISTRICT 84 1,487,154 6.94 Meenachil taluk 25 337,166 1.57 taluk 16 273,430 1.28 Kottayam taluk 20 416,651 1.94 Changanassery taluk 13 265,553 1.24 Kanjirappally taluk 10 194,354 0.91

AlAPPUZHA DISTRICT 73 1,389,048 6.49 Cherthala taluk 13 279,477 1.31 Ambalapuzha taluk 5 117,409 0.55 Kuttanad taluk 14 210,004 0.98 Karthikappally taluk 17 325,478 1.52 Chengannur taluk 10 168,638 0.79 Mavelikkara taluk 14 288,042 1.34

PATHANAMTHITTA 62 1,030,872 4.8'1 DISTRICT Thiruvalla taluk 10 172,042 0.80 Maliappaliy taluk 9 132,144 0.62 Ranni taluk II 209,374 0.98 Kozhenchery taluk 20 300,072 1.40 Adoer taluk 12 217,240 1.01

KOllAM DISTRICT 92 1,961,530 9.16 Karunagappally taluk 16 369,679 1.73 Kunnathur taluk 7 178,665 0.83 Pathanapuram taluk 21 368,968 1.72 Kottarakkara taluk 27 533,447 2.49 Kollam taluk 21 510,771 2.39

TRIVANDRUM DISTRICT 91 1,942,784 9.07 taluk 25 478,610 2.23 Nedumangad taluk 26 524,655 2.45 Trivandrum taluk t 1 237,491 I. 11 Neyyattinkara taluk 29 702,028 3.28

59 A - I AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION APPENDIX - 3

Houseless and Institutional Population

State!District! Total Houseless Population Institutional Population Taluk/UAlCiryl Rural No. of Persons Males Females No. of Persons Males Females Town Urban House House holds holds 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 KERALA T 9,886 22,482 14,370 8,112 19,446 218,706 122,901 95,805 R 5,489 13,355 8.477 4,878 11,860 115,756 63,681 52,075 U 4,397 9,127 5,893 3,234 7,586 102,950 59,220 43,730

I. KASARAGOD T 426 1,240 766 474 1,224 7,147 5,806 1,341 DISTRICT R 242 674 446 228 869 4,917 4,147 770 U 184 566 320 246 355 2,230 1,659 571

I. Kasaragod taluk T 145 432 272 160 681 3,989 3,326 663 R 93 276 180 96 478 2,548 2,315 233 U 52 156 92 64 203 1,441 1,0\ I 430

Manjeshwar (CT) U 5 53 32 21 6 19 19 Kasaragod (M) U 47 103 60 43 197 1,422 992 430

2. Hosdurg taluk T 281 808 494 314 543 3,158 L,4BO 678 R 149 398 266 132 391 2,369 1,832 537 U 132 410 228 182 152 789 648 141

Kanhangad (UA) U 132 410 228 182 152 789 648 141 Kanhangad (Ml U 62 280 161 119 112 624 504 120 Perole (CTl U 3 7 7 11 40 28 12 Nileshwar (CT) U 29 71 40 31 23 104 95 9 Cheruvathur (CT) U 38 52 20 32 6 21 21

2. KANNUR DISTRICT T 1,055 2,875 1,726 1,149 1,708 16,845 12,101 4,744 R 370 1,087 635 452 662 5,942 3,417 2,525 U 685 1,788 1,091 697 1,046 10,903 8,684 2,219

Kannur (UA) U 325 840 548 292 608 6,952 5,822 1,130

1. Taliparamba taluk T 267 739 453 286 442 4,142 2,635 1,507 R 150 435 269 166 305 2,353 1,269 1,084 U 117 304 184 120 137 1,789 1,366 423

Payyannur (M) U 33 78 47 31 53 728 417 311 Taliparamba (M) U 84 226 137 89 84 1,061 949 112

2. Kannur taluk T 444 1,048 636 412 727 7,415 6,110 1,305 R 98 220 137 83 109 981 692 289 U 346 828 499 329 618 6,434 5,418 1,016

Cheruthazham (CT) U 14 62 29 33 16 109 53 56 Cherukunnu (CT) U 23 23 23 22 242 81 161 Kannapuram (CT) U 36 96 48 48 6 98 89 9 (CT) U 4 10 6 4 20 60 60 (CT) U 27 54 28 26 45 252 245 7 Azhikode North(CT)< U I 1 1 14 137 134 3 Azhikode South(CT)· U 4 4 4 5 20 20 Valapattanam (CT)+ U 29 71 49 22 18 157 151 6 Chirakkal (CT)· U 16 56 28 28 27 115 114 1 ( CT) U 9 39 32 7 Varam (CT) U 2 2 1 12 52 52 (CT) u 1 1 I 10 33 30 3 Kanhirode (CT) U 3 3 3 7 43 43 Chelora (CT) u 4 13 13 Elayavoo( (CT)' U 21 51 31 20 34- 1~9 115 54

60 A-I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION APPENDIX - 3

Houseless and Institutional Population

Statel District! Total Houseless Population Institutional Populatioll Taluk/UA/Cityl Rural No. of Persons Males Females No. of Persons Males females Town Urban House House hold~ holds 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 puzhathi (CT) + u 3 6 2 4 59 1,239 1,152 87 PaIHkkunnu (CT)+ U 1 1 1 23 94 89 5 Kannur (M)+ U 97 207 129 78 185 1,530 1,167 363 Kannur Cant. + U 42 1,747 1,513 2H Thottada (CT) + u 7 27 16 11 26 139 119 20 Chala (CT) U 3 21 21 lriveri (CT) U 5 15 9 6 3 13 13 Ancharakandy (CT) U 6 6 6 7 22 22 Peralassery (CT) U 13 21 13 8 10 48 48 Mavilayl (CT) U 22 53 36 17 1 2 2 Kadachira (CT) U 2 6 4 2 2 9 9 • Muzhappilangad(CT)+ U 9 52 31 21 8 31 31

3. Thalassery taluk T 344 1088 637 451 539 5,288 3,356 1,932 R 122 432 229 203 248 2,608 1,456 1,152 U 222 656 408 248 291 2,680 1,900 780

Mattannur (M) U 1 4 1 3 21 158 133 25 Paduvllayl (CT) U 2 8 6 2 6 44 44 Pathlrlyad ICT) u 3 15 15 Pinarayi (CT) U 2 1 1 1 1 Eruvatti (CT) u 1 7 7 Kottayam-Malabar (CT) U I 1 1 4 15 15 Koothuparamba (M) U 40 154 81 73 29 439 79 360 Patdom (CT) u 14 56 21 35 5 82 82 (CT) u 14 30 20 10 16 78 57 21 Eranholi (CT) + u 6 36 36 Dharrnadom (CT) + U 3 12 7 5 16 130 93 37 Thalassery (M)+ U 120 315 223 92 135 1,357 1,039 318 New Mahe (CT)+ U 14 37 26 11 10 51 49 2 (CT) U 3 12 12 ( CT) U 5 13 7 6 20 175 173 2 Chockll (CT) U 8 26 15 11 14 70 55 15

3. WAYANAD DISTRICT T 569 1,057 718 339 1,136 8,696 5,873 2,823 R 547 1,011 690 321 1,024 8,048 5,380 2,668 U 22 46 28 18 112 648 493 155

1. Mananthavady taluk T 119 314 173 141 229 2,317 1,333 984 R 119 314 173 141 229 2,317 1,333 984 U

2. Sultanbathery taluk T 354 479 382 97 608 3,567 2,704 863 R 354 479 382 97 608 3,567 2,704 863 U

3. Vythiri taluk T 96 264 163 101 299 2,812 1,836 976 R 74 218 135 83 187 2,164 1,343 821 U 22 46 28 18 112 648 493 155

Kalpetta (M) U 22 46 28 18 112 648 493 155

4. KOZHIKODE DISTRICT T 1,204 3,360 2051 1,309 1364 22,181 14,659 7,522 R 574 1,761 1,051 710 680 8,318 5,712 2,606 U 630 1,599 1,000 599 684 13,863 8,947 4,916

+ Forms part of Kannur Urban Agglomeration Consolidated figures for Kannur UA along with its constituents are given at the end in Annexure. 61 A-I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION APPENDIX - 3

Houseless and Institutional Population

State/District/ Total Houseless Population Institutional Population Taluk/UAlCity/ Rural No. of Persons Males Females No. of Persons Males Females Town Urban House House holds holds

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

I. Vadakara taluk T 331 941 532 409 418 3,685 2,939 746 R 177 609 333 276 293 2,335 1,868 467 U 154 332 199 133 125 1,350 1,071 279

Vadakara(UA) U 116 249 152 97 86 1,085 841 244 Vadakara (M) U 109 232 141 91 61 670 430 240 VilIiappally(CT) U 7 17 II 6 25 415 411 4 (CT) U 38 83 47 36 39 265 230 35

2. Qullandy taluk T 197 670 390 280 170 1,643 1,017 626 R 197 670 390 280 170 1,643 1,017 626 U

3. Kozhikode taluk T 676 1,749 1,129 620 776 16,853 10,703 6,150 R 200 482 328 154 217 4,340 2,827 1,513 U 476 1,267 801 466 559 12,513 7,876 4,637

Kozhikode (UA) U 386 1,133 682 451 550 12,243 7,691 4,552 Kozhikode U 261 740 429 311 428 9,038 4,891 4,147 I) Kozhikode (C) U 252 721 418 303 416 8,905 4,839 4,066 ii) Puthiyangadi(OG) U iii)Elathur (OG) U 9 19 11 8 12 133 52 81 (CT) U 6 6 4 2 2 290 180 110 Kakkodl(CT) U 31 146 93 53 II 49 46 3 Kunnamangalam(CT) U 17 1,672 1,672 Pantheeramkavu( CT) U 10 37 19 18 12 36 29 7 (CT) U 31 94 66 28 20 155 134 21 Olavanna (CT) U 6 31 25 6 8 177 76 101 Cheruvannur( CT) U 5 6 4 2 19 541 400 141 Beypore (CT) U 2 2 2 14 141 139 2 Karuvanthuruthy(CT) U 2 8 5 3 I 47 47 Feroke (CT) U 12 14 11 3 5 20 14 6 Kadalundi (CT) U 20 49 24 25 13 77 63 14 (CT) U 89 133 118 15 3 42 29 13 Kuttikkattoor (CT) U 6 228 156 72 Perumanna (CT) U

5. MALAPPURAM DISTRICT T 655 1,611 1,016 595 2,442 19,259 14,218 5,041 R 477 1,191 729 462 2,067 16,130 11,933 4,197 U 178 420 287 133 375 3,129 2,285 844

I. Ernad taluk T 259 676 426 250 858 7,515 5,263 2,252 R 157 400 222 178 659 5,762 3,965 1,797 U \02 276 204 72 \99 1,753 1,298 455

Malappuram(UA) U 102 276 204 72 199 1,753 1,298 455 Malappuram U 83 208 167 41 125 929 777 152 i) Malappuram(M) U 83 208 167 41 123 922 773 149 Ii) Anakkayam(OG) U 2 7 4 3 (M) U 19 68 37 31 74 824 521 303

2. Perinthalmanna taluk T 95 238 132 106 177 2,831 2,043 788 R 80 204 115 89 145 2,638 1,922 716 U 15 34 17 17 32 193 121 72

Perinthalmanna(M) U IS 34 17 17 32 193 121 72

62 A-I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION APPENDIX - 3

Houseless and Institutional Population

State/District/ Total Houseless Population Institutional Population Taluk/UA1Cityl Rural No. of Persons Males Females No. of Persons Males Females Town Urban House House holds holds

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 3. Tirur taluk T 213 537 338 199 1,236 7,513 5,782 1,731 R 155 430 274 156 1,131 6,673 5,186 1,487 U 58 107 64 43 105 840 596 244

Tirur (M) U 58 107 64 43 105 840 596 244

4. Ponnani taluk T 88 160 120 40 171 1,400 1,130 270 R 85 157 118 39 132 1,057 860 197 U 3 3 2 1 39 343 270 73

Ponnan! (M) U 3 3 2 39 343 270 73

6. PALAKKAD DISTRICT T 497 996 622 374 1,313 10,212 5,020 4,592 R 323 721 449 272 850 6,266 3,761 2,505 U 174 275 173 102 463 3,946 1,859 2,087

1. Ottappalam taluk T 131 239 157 82 286 2,103 1,352 751 R 92 189 125 64 124 1,034 841 193 U 39 50 32 18 162 1,069 511 558

Shoranur(M) U 27 36 21 15 45 330 142 188 Ottappalam (M) U 12 14 11 3 117 739 369 370

2. Mannarkad taluk T 28 50 29 21 151 2,247 928 1,319 R 26 48 28 20 114 1,961 737 1,224 U 2 12 1 1 37 286 191 95

Mannarkad (M) U 2 2 37 286 191 95

3. Palakkad taluk T 196 411 245 166 532 4,060 2,383 1,677 R 82 218 129 89 308 1,951 1,447 504 U 114 193 116 77 224 2,109 936 1,173

Palakkad(UA) U 114 193 116 77 224 2,109 936 1,173 Palakkad U 114 193 116 77 174 1,694 715 979 i) Palakkad (M) 'U 112 184 113 71 114 1,525 579 946 ii)Hemambika Nagar(OG) U 2 9 3 6 60 169 136 33 Puthuppariyaram(CT) U 19 217 93 124 Marutharode (CT) U 31 198 128 70

4. Chittur taluk T 60 110 78 32 194 1,088 636 452 R 41 80 54 26 154 606 415 191 U 19 30 24 6 40 482 221 261

Chittur-Thathamangalam(UAl U 19 30 24 6 40 482 221 261 Chittur-Thathamangalam(M) U 9 19 14 5 27 394 176 218 Koduvayur (CT) U 4 5 4 1 6 23 11 12 Puthunagaram (CT) U 6 6 6 7 65 34 31

5. Alathur taluk T 82 186 113 73 150 714 321 393 R 82 186 113 73 150 714 321 393 U

7. THRISSUR DISTRICT T 1,573 3,265 2,012 1,253 1,751 26,883 11,627 15,256 R 798 1,956 1,126 830 994 12,999 5,602 7,397 U 775 1,309 886 423 757 13,884 6,025 7,859

63 A - I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULA nON APPENDIX - 3

Houseless and Institutional Population

State/District! Total Houseless Population Institutional Population Taluk/UAlCityl Rural No. of Persons Males Females No. of Persons Males Females Town Urban House House holds holds

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1. Talappilly taluk T 249 434 267 167 280 3,598 1,724 1,874 R 198 355 216 139 249 2,921 1,401 1,520 U 51 79 51 28 31 677 323 354

Kunnamkulam (M) U 43 71 48 23 24 520 296 224 Chelakkara (CT) U 8 8 3 5 7 157 27 130

2. Chavakkad Taluk T 381 1091 648 443 270 4,326 2,114 2,212 R 186 690 373 317 136 2,124 1,340 784 U 195 401 275 126 134 2,202 774 1,428

Guruvayoor (UA) U 195 401 275 126 134 2,202 774 1,428 Guruvayoor (TS) U 147 339 225 114 69 806 191 615 Chavakkad (M) U 29 34 26 8 34 305 226 79 Pookode (CT) U 8 247 189 58 Perakam (CT) U 2 5 5 2 6 6 lringaprom (CT) U 7 7 6 1 Thaikkad (CT) U 4 10 7 3 5 237 9 228 (CT) U 2 110 13 97 (CT) U 6 6 6 13 488 137 351 Venmenad (CT) U 1 3 3

3. Thrissur taluk T 516 793 570 223 631 11,099 4,663 6,436 R 113 190 136 54 210 2,706 996 1,710 U 403 603 434 169 421 8,393 3,667 4,726

Thrissur (UA) U 379 564 406 158 390 7,197 3,537 3,660 Thrissur U 333 434 332 102 191 3,595 1,217 2,378 i) ThrissUr (M) U 328 424 328 96 186 3,566 1,188 2,378 ii) Poonkunnam(OG) U 1 11 11 iii}Peringaw(OG} U 1 2 2 iv) Chembukavu(OG) U 3 16 16 v) Thrissur(OG) U 5 10 4 6 Vivanom (CT) U 1 1 1 23 941 718 223 Vlyyur (CT) U 55 786 706 80 Ayyanthole(CT) U 7 7 7 7 66 33 33 Nettlssery( CT) U :3 24 I 23 Mannuthy (CT) U 6 21 10 I 1 46 835 487 348 Nadathara( CT) U 14 257 46 211 Ollur (CT) U 10 18 11 7 12 217 95 122 Chlyyaram( CT) U 1 1 134 40 94 'l

4. Kodungallur taluk T 69 121 74 47 81 1,354 695 659 R 31 54 32 22 53 708 401 307 U 38 67 42 25 28 646 294 352

64 A-I AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION APPENDIX - 3

Houseless and Institutional Population

State/District/ Total Houseless Population Institutional Population Taiuk/UA/Cityl Rural No. of Persons Males Females No. of Persons Males Females Town Urban House House holds holds

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Kodungallur(UA) U 38 67 42 25 22 557 281 276 Kodungallur(M) U 36 55 35 20 13 179 93 86 Eriyad (CT) U 1 2 2 1 25 25 Methala (CT) U 1 10 5 5 8 353 163 190 Mathilakam(CT) U 6 89 13 76

5. Mukundapuram taluk T 358 826 453 373 489 6,506 2,431 4,075 R 270 667 369 298 346 4,540 1,464 3,076 U 88 159 84 75 143 1,966 967 999

Puthukkad (CT) U 1 4 1 3 2 32 4 28 (M) U 35 59 28 31 36 928 534 394 Chalakudy (M) U 51 94 53 41 85 781 387 394 Koratty (CT) U 1 2 2 20 225 42 183

8. ERNAKULAM DISTRICT T 91'4 2,252 1,719 533 2,490 33,503 17,278 16,225 R 614 1,529 1,223 3Q6 806 9,777 3,646 6,131 U 360 723 496 227 1,684 23,726 13,632 10,094

Kochi (UA) U 242 482 341 141 1,491 20,859 12,791 8,068 Kochi (C)'+ U III 203 150 53 832 12,838 8,650 4,188

1. Kunnathunad taluk T 44 77 54 23 322 3,003 1,364 1,639 R 22 51 34 17 287 2,437 1,230 1,207 U 22 26 20 6 35 566 134 432

Perumbavoor(M) U 22 26 20 6 35 566 134 432

2. Aluva taluk T 490 1,324 1,073 251 473 7,592 3,188 4,404 R 439 1,267 1,031 236 201 2,934 913 2,021 U 51 57 42 15 272 4,658 2,275 2,383

Angamaly(M) U 14 14 10 4 39 532 132 400 Aluva (M)+ U 28 34 25 9 124 1,271 635 636 Ci1oornikkara(CT) ... U 7 7 5 2 33 895 652 243 Edathala (CT)+ U 2 2 2 76 1,960 856 1,104

3. Paravur taluk T 60 120 91 29 212 1,751 829 922 R 6 17 9 8 22 307 69 238 U 54 103 82 21 190 1,444 760 684

Vadakkekara( CT) U 1 I 1 2 5 5 Moothakunnam(CT) U 4 4 4 5 39 39 Cilendamangalam (C) T 3 3 3 3 15 5 10 Paravur (M)+ U 4 4 3 13 135 26 109 Kedamangalam( CT) + U 1 1 I I 25 25 Kottuvally( CT) + U 10 228 54 174 Alangad (CT)+ U 33 63 53 10 II 100 87 13 Varappuzha( CT) + U 2 2 2 II 215 42 173 Kadungalloor( CT)'" U 3 22 12 10 9 48 48 Eloor (M)+ U 3 3 3 125 634 454 180

4. Kochi taluk T 28 30 27 3 336 7,761 6,345 1,416 R 16 18 15 3 62 667 234 433 U 12 12 12 274 7,094 6,111 983

Kochi (C)(Part) + U 12 12 12 272 7,051 6,097 954 Cheriyakadavu (CT) + U 2 43 14 29

65 A " AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION APPENDIX" 3

Houseless and Institutional Population

State/District! Total Houseless Population Institutional Population TaluklUA/Cityl Rural No. of Persons Males Females No. of Persons Males F",males Town Urban House House holds holds

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

5. Kanayannur taluk T 172 361 243 118 872 8,808 4,159 4,649 R 25 29 20 9 68 554 333 221 U 147 332 227 109 804 8,254 3,826 4,428

Koehi (C)+ (Part) U 99 191 138 53 560 5,787 2,553 3,234

Kakkanad (OG) + U 9 20 11 9 16 162 61 101 Cheranalloor( CT) + U 2 2 2 11 44 27 Mulavukad(CT)+ U 1 1 1 10 50 45 5 Kalamassery (M)+ U 6 42 24 18 87 890 495 395 Vazhakkala(CT)+ U 11 11 11 48 808 329 479 Thimvankulam(CT) + U 25 117 108 9 ThriPlInithura(M) + U 19 65 36 29 41 363 194 169 Maradu (CT)+ U 6 33 14 19

6. Muvattupuzha taluk T 77 114 84 30 160 2,291 652 1,639 R 64 79 64 15 104 1,667 446 1,221 U 13 35 20 15 56 624 206 418

Muvattupuzha(M) U 3 3 3 31 359 142 217 Piravom (M) U 3 8 6 2 8 86 21 65 Koothattukulam(M) U 7 24 11 13 17 179 43 136

7. Kothamangalam taluk T 103 226 147 79 115 2,297 741 1,556 R 42 68 50 18 62 1,211 421 790 U 61 158 97 61 53 1,086 320 766

Kothamangalam(M) U 61 158 97 61 53 1,086 320 766

9. IDUKKI DISTRICT T 443 976 622 354 1,251 9,406 4,634 4,772 R 347 785 502 283 1,164 8,457 4,317 4,140 U 96 191 120 71 87 949 317 632

Idukki (TS)' U 10 18 15 3 29 175 109 66

I. Devikulam tal uk T 72 150 96 54 337 1,993 1,320 673 R 72 ISO 96 54 337 1,993 1,320 673 U

2. Udumbanchola taluk T 1,61 398 245 153 388 2,343 1,109 1,234 R 160 389 238 151 387 2,341 1,107 1,234 U 1 9 7 2 1 2 2

Idukki(TS)(Part) U 9 7 2 2 2

3. Thodupuzha tat uk T 156 332 214 118 306 3,604 1,356 2,248 R 61 150 101 49 220 2,657 1,041 1,616 U 95 182 113 69 86 947 315 632

Idukki(TS) (Part) U 9 9 8 1 28 173 107 66 Thodupuzha(M 1 U 86 173 105 68 58 774 208 566

+ Forms part of Kochi(UAj.(onsolidated figures for Kochi (UA) along with constituents are given at the end of Annexure. * Kochi Corporation lies in two taluks viz. Kochi and Kanayannur. The portions are shown under the respective taluks. * Idukki Township lies in two taluks viz. Udumbanchola and Thodupuzha. The portions are shown under the respective taluks. 66 A - I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULA TJON APPENDIX - 3

Houseless and Institutional Population

State/District/ Total Houseless Population Institutional Population Ta1uk/UA/City/ Rural No. of Persons Males Females No. of Persons Males Females Town Urban House House holds holds 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

~ " 4., Peerumade taluk T 54 96 67 29 220 1,466 849 617 R 54 96 67 29 220 1,466 849 617 U

10. KOTTAYAM DISTRICT T 765 1289 918 371 1,605 25,885 9,813 16,072 R 363 651 449 202 1,047 16,484 5,544 10,940 U 402 638 469 169 558 9,401 4,269 5,132

I. Meenachil taluk T 267 328 262 66 473 9,037 2,917 6,120 R 99 140 105 35 350 6,201 1,810 4,391 U 168 188 157 31 123 2,836 1,107 1,729

Palai (M) U 142 144 128 16 93 2,342 885 1,457 Erattupetta(M) U 26 44 29 15 30 494 222 272

2. Vaikom taluk T 66 137 84 53 119 1,622 390 1,232 R 61 131 79 52 110 1,549 374 1,175 U 5 6 5 I 9 73 16 57

Vaikom (M) U 5 6 5 9 73 16 57

3. Kottayam taluk T 216 435 312 123 608 9,262 4,438 4,824 R 98 192 136 56 319 4,598 2,053 2,545 U 118 243 176 67 289 4,664 2,385 2,279

Kottayam(UA) U 118 243 176 67 289 4,664 2,385 2,279 Kottayam U 91 119 96 23 196 3,697 1,943 1,754 i) Kottayam (M) U 55 83 60 23 166 2,387 1,201 1,186 ii) Vijayapuram(OG) U 36 36 36 30 1,310 742 568 Perumbaikad( CT) U 20 75 38 37 66 729 317 412 Nattakam (CT) U 7 49 42 7 27 238 125 113

4. Changanassery taluk T 132 258 161 97 219 3,456 1,258 2,198 R 38 103 60 43 130 2,187 815 1,372 U 94 ISS 101 54 89 1,269 443 826

Changanassery(M) U 94 155 101 54 89 1,269 443 826

5. Kanjirappally taluk T 84 131 99 32 186 2,508 810 1,698 R 67 85 69 16 138 1,949 492 1,457 U 17 46 30 16 48 559 318 241

Kanjirappally(CT) U 17 46 30 16 48 559 318 241

11. ALAPPUZHA DISTRICT T 351 749 471 278 819 7,454 3,577 3,877 R 188 404 248 156 470 4,264 2,084 2,180 U 163 345 223 122 349 3,190 1,493 1,697

1. Cherthala taluk T 49 147 88 59 133 1,587 437 1,150 R 27 85 51 34 78 764 249 515 U 22 62 37 25 55 823 188 635

Cherthala (UA) U 16 48 24 24 42 664 93 571 Cherthala (M) U 9 15 10 5 20 289 27 262 (CT) U 1 1 1 5 36 3 33 (CT) U 4 22 3 19 ( CT) U 6 32 13 19 9 305 55 250 (CT) U 4 12 5 7

67 A-I AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION APPENDIX - 3

Houseless and Institutional Population

State/District/ Total Houseless Population Institutional Population Taluk/UA/City/ Rural No. of Persons Males Females No. of Persons Males Females Town Urban House House holds holds

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Aroor (CT) U 6 14 13 8 78 15 63 Arookutty (CT) U 3 77 77 Kodamthuruthu( CT) U 2 4 3

2. taluk T 86 213 135 78 237 1,519 870 649 R 9 42 23 19 47 193 84 109 U 77 171 112 59 190 1,326 786 540

Alappuzha (UA) U 76 165 109 56 186 1,288 778 510 Alappuzha U 76 165 109 56 126 1,177 670 507 i) Alappuzha (M) U 66 147 100 47 91 845 479 366 ii) Kafarkode(OG) U I 3 I 2 7 40 15 25 iii)Punnapra( OG) U 9 15 8 7 28 292 176 116 ( CT) U 60 111 108 3 ( CT) U 6 3 3 4 38 8 30

3. Kuttanad taluk T 60 129 72 57 135 763 220 543 R 60 129 72 57 135 763 220 543 U

4. Karthikappally taluk T 22 49 30 19 56 729 431 298 R 18 29 16 13 22 320 251 69 U 4 20 14 6 34 409 180 229

Kayamkulam (M) U 4 20 14 6 34 409 180 229

5. Chengannur taluk T 21 24 18 6 122 805 548 257 R 18 21 15 6 75 471 344 127 U 3 3 3 47 334 204 130

Chengannur (M) U 3 3 3 47 334 204 130

6. Mavelikkara taluk T 113 187 128 59 136 2,051 1,071 980 R 56 98 71 27 113 1,753 936 817 U 57 89 57 32 23 298 135 163

Mavelikkara(M) U 57 89 57 32 23 298 135 163

12. PATHANAMTHITTA T 343 623 458 165 790 8,173 4,857 3,316 DISTRICT R 214 457 327 130 575 5,455 3,583 1,872 U 129 166 131 35 215 2,718 1,274 1,444

1. Thiruvalla taluk T 36 51 42 9 251 3,137 1,547 1,590 R 25 40 32 8 122 1,086 755 331 U 11 11 10 1 129 2,051 792 1,259

Thlruvalla(M) U II 11 10 129 2,051 792 1,259

2. Mallappally taluk T 23 97 61 36 92 1,288 655 633 R 23 97 61 36 92 1,288 655 633 U

3. Ranni taluk T 112 181 131 50 143 1,392 945 447 R 112 181 131 50 143 1,392 945 447 U

68 A-I AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION APPENDIX - 3

Houseless and Institutional Population

State/District! Total Houseless Populadon Institutional Population TaluklUAlCity/ Rural No. of Persons Males Females No. of Persons Males Females Town Urban House House holds holds 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 4. Kozhencherry taluk T 131 209 170 39 228 1,707 1,335 372 R 37 III 81 30 174 1,293 964 329 U 94 98 89 9 54 414 371 43 Pathanamthitta(M) U 94 98 89 9 54 414 371 43

5. Adoor taluk T 41 85 54 31 76 649 375 274 R 17 28 22 6 44 396 264 132 U 24 57 32 25 32 253 111 142 Pandalam(M) U 8 16 10 6 7 47 25 22 Adoor (M) U 16 41 22 19 25 206 86 120

13. KOllAM DISTRICT T 470 1,013 586 427 531 8,089 3,687 4,402 R 333 802 432 370 367 5,293 2,658 2,635 U 137 211 154 57 164 2,796 1,029 1,767

Kollam (UA) U 86 131 99 32 147 2,620 937 i,683

I. Karunagappally ta'uk T 172 378 203 175 46 741 395 346 R 172 378 203 175 39 551 362 189 U 7 190 33 157 Neendakara(OG) + U 7 190 33 157

2. Kunnathur taluk T 17 38 17 21 12 198 147 51 R 17 38 17 21 12 198 147 51 U

3. Pathanapuram taluk T 106 206 129 77 107 1,013 480 533 R 55 126 74 52 91 846 397 449 U 51 80 55 25 16 167 83 84

Puna/ur(M) U 51 80 55 25 16 167 83 84

4. Kottarakkara taluk T 23 36 25 11 87 1,419 824 $95 R 23 36 25 11 87 1,419 824 595 U

5. Kollam taluk T 152 355 212 143 279 4,718 1,841 2,877 R 66 224 113 III 138 2,279 928 1,351 U 86 131 99 32 141 2,439 913 1,526 KoIlam(M)+ U 76 119 90 29 104 2,095 734 1,361 Sakthlkulangara( OG) + U 7 7 6 I 13 76 38 38 Mundakkal (OG)+ U 2 99 7 9.2 (CT)+ U 4 37 3 H Kllikollur(CT) + U 2 2 2 3 53 52 I Vad3kkevila (CT) + u 1 3 I 2 II 56 56 Eravipuram (CT) + U 3 14 14 Paravoor (M) u I 9 9 14. TRIVANDRUM DISTRICT T 561 1,176 685 491 1,022 14,973 9,151 5,822 R 99 326 170 156 285 3,406 1,897 1,509 U 462 850 515 335 737 11,567 7,254 4,313

Trivandrum (UA) U 428 772 477 295 667 10,898 6,922 3,976

+ Forms part of Kollam(UAj.wnsolidated figures for Kollam(UA) along with constituents are given at the end of Annexure 69 A _ 1 AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION APPENDIX _ 3

Houseless and Institutional Population

State/Districtl Total Houseless Population Institutional Population Taluk/UAICityl Rural No. of Persons Males Females No. of Persons Males Females Town Urban House House holds holds

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1. T 51 152 74 78 148 837 513 324 R 36 103 50 53 101 420 331 89 U 15 49 24 25 47 417 182 235 (M) U 10 21 9 12 14 228 71 157 Vakkom (eT) U Attingal (M) U 5 28 15 13 33 189 111 78

2. Nedumangaad taluk T 21 58 35 23 57 860 418 442 R 20 57 35 22 46 726 329 397 U 1 1 I 11 134 89 45

Nedumangad (M) U 11 134 89 45

3. Trivandrum taluk T 427 746 463 283 711 11,934 7,690 4,244 R 9 18 9 9 62 1,094 816 278 U 418 728 454 274 649 10,840 6,874 3,966

Ulloor (CT)"'+ U 39 737 623 114 Kudappanakunnu(CT)++ U 18 348 177 171 Anayara (CT)++ U 4 64 12 52 Trivandrum (C)++ U 404 671 426 245 499 8,410 5,305 3,105 Kazhakkoottam (OG) ...... U 1 1 1 10 98 84 14 Thumba (OG)++ U 8 40 15 25 17 352 340 12 Sreekaryam(OG)++ U 17 144 99 45 Cheruvikkal(OG) ...... U 17 315 127 188 Vattiyoorkavu(OG) ++ U 19 59 50 9 Thiruvallam(OG)++ U 3 7 6 1 4 24 20 4 Nemom (CT)++ U 2 9 6 3 5 289 37 252

4. Neyyattinkara taluk T 62 220 113 107 106 1,342 530 812 R 34 148 76 72 76 1,166 421 745 U 28 72 37 35 30 176 109 67

Kovalam (OG)++ U 10 44 23 21 18 58 48 10 Neyyattinkara (M) U 18 28 14 14 12 118 61 57

"Forms part of Trivandrum UA_Ginsolidated figures for Trivandrum UA along with Its constituents are given at the end in Annexure. 70 A-I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION APPENDIX - 3

Houseless and Institutional Population

Annexure

State/District! Total Houseless Population Institutional Population TaluklUAlCity/ Rural No. of Persons Males Females No. of Persons Males Females Town Urban House House holds holds 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1. Kanrur (UA) U 325 840 548 292 608 6,952 5,822 1,130 Kannur (M) U 97 207 129 78 185 1,530 1,167 363 Kannur Cantt. U 42 1,747 1,513 234 Azhlkode North(CT) U 1 14 137 134 3 Azhlkode South(CT) U 4 4 4 5 20 20 Valapattanam (CT) U 29 71 49 22 18 157 151 6 Chirakkal (CT) U 16 56 28 28 27 115 114 1 Elayavoor (CT) U 21 51 31 20 34 169 115 54 Puzhathl (CT) U 3 6 2 4 59 1,239 1,152 87 Pallikkunnu(CT) U 23 94 89 5 Thottada (CT) U 7 27 16 11 26 139 119 20 Muzhappilangad(CT) U 9 52 31 21 8 31 31 Eranholl (CT) U 6 36 36 Dharmadom (CT) U 3 12 7 5 16 130 93 37 Thalassery (M) U 120 315 223 92 135 1,357 1,039 318 New Mahe (CT) U 14 37 26 11 10 51 49 2

2. Kochi (UA) U 242 482 341 141 1,491 20,859 12,791 8,068 Kochi U 120 223 161 62 848 13,000 8,711 4,289 I) Koehl (C) U 111 203 150 53 832 12,838 8,650 4,188 Ii) Kakkanad (OG) U 9 20 11 9 16 162 61 101 Aluva (M) U 28 34 25 9 124 1,271 635 636 Choomlkkara( CT) U 7 7 5 2 33 895 652 243 Edathala (CT) U 2 2 2 76 1,960 856 1,104 Paravur (M) U 4 4 3 13 135 26 109 Kedamangalam(CT) U 1 25 25 Kottuvaliy (CT) U 10 228 54 174 Alangad (CT) U 33 63 53 10 11 100 87 13 Varappuzha (CT) U 2 2 2 11 215 42 173 Kadungalloor(CT) U 3 22 12 10 9 48 48 Eloor(M) U 3 3 3 125 634 454 180 Cherlyakadavu (CT) U 2 43 14 29 Cheranalloor( CT) U 2 2 2 11 44 27 17 Mulavukad (CT) U 1 10 50 45 5 Kalamassery (CT) U 6 42 24 18 87 890 495 395 Vazhakkala (CT) U 11 11 11 48 808 329 479 Thlruvankulam (CT) U 25 117 108 9 Thrippunlthura(M) U 19 65 36 29 41 363 194 169 Maradu (CT) U 6 33 14 19

3. Kollam (UA) U 86 131 99 32 147 2,620 937 1,683 Kollam U 83 126 96 30 126 ·2,460 812 1,648 I) Kollam (M) U 76 119 90 29 104 2,095 734 1,361 II) Sakthikulangara(OG) U 7 7 6 13 76 38 38 71 A-I : AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION APPENDIX - 3

Houseless and Institutional Population Annexure

State/District! Total Houseless Population Institutional Population Taluk/UAlClty/ Rural No. of Persons Males Females No. of Persons Males Females Town Urban House House holds holds

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 iiI)Neendakara(OG) U 7 190 33 157 Iv) Mundakkal(OG) U 2 99 7 92 Mangad (CT) U 4 37 3 34 Kilikollur( CT) U 2 2 2 3 53 52 Vadakkevila(CT) U 3 2 11 56 56 Eravlpuram (CT) U 3 14 14

4. Trlvandrum (UA) U 428 772 477 295 667 10,898 6,922 3,976 Trivandrum U 426 763 471 292 601 9,460 6,073 3,387 I) Trivandrum(C) U 404 671 426 245 499 8,410 5,305 3,105 ii) Kazhakkoottam( OG ) U 10 98 84 14 iii) Thurnba (OG) U 8 40 15 25 17 352 340 12 Iv) Sreekaryam(OG) U 17 144 99 45 v) Cheruvlkkal(OG) U 17 315 127 188 vi) Vattiyoorkavu(OG) U 19 59 50 9 .,..... - vif)Thlruvall~ (OG)'" U 3 7 6 4 24 20 4 viii)Kovalam (OG) II 10 44 23 21 18 58 48 10 Ulloor (CT) U '39 737 623 114 Kudappanakunnu(CT) , 348 177 171 U <' 18. Anayara (CT) Li 4 64 12 52 Nemom (CT) U 2 9 6 3 5 289 37 252

72 .A2 - DECADAL VARIATION IN POPULATION SINCE 1901

A-2 : DECADAL VARIATION IN POPULATION SINCE 1901

Fly leaf

Table A2 furnishes the population for ten censuses (vii) Whole ofPathanamthitta taluk and 10 villages (Koodal, from 1901 to 1991 as well as the variation In population. Enadimangalam, Koduman, Adoor, Angadikkal, This table is prepared on the basis of the territorial Jurisdic­ Ezhamkulam, Erath, Perlnganadu, Kadampanadu and tion of the districts as they stood as on 1st March 199 t , Palllkkal villages) of erstwhile Kunnathur taluk of Kollam thereby presenting comparable data on growth of popula­ district were transferred to newly formed Pathanamthitta tion of state and districts during the last 90 years. During district. ~ the intercensal period of t 98 t -9 t there was no change in the area and jurisdiction of the State. At the district level Procedure adopted for adjusting population for two new disaicts- Kasaragod and Pathanamthitta were formed earlier censuses after t 981 Census. Of these Kasaragod was formed by taking whole of two taluks viz. Kasaragod and Hosdurg from The population of unaffected districts or taluks for erstwhile Kannur district while Pathanamthltta was formed the previous censuses were adopted as given in the census by taking portions from Alappuzha, Kallam and Idukki dis­ reports of 198 t. The population of transferred portion tricts. As a result of this change the number of taluks in­ according to 196 t, t 971 and t 98 t censuses were obtained creased from 58 to 6 t in the state. Except Wayanad, from the census volumes of concerned censuses. The popu­ Kozhikode, Kottayam and Trlvandrum districts all other dis­ lation of transferred area so obtained was subtracted from tricts have undergone changes in jurisdiction at the district the respective census population oftalukldistrict from which level, during the last decade 198 t --9 t. The changes which the area was transferred and added to the talukl district in have taken place at the district level are which the area was included to obtain the adjusted popula­ tion of that census year. Wherever the figures are not read­ (I) Two taluks - Kasaragod and Hosdurg of the erstwhile Ily available prior to t 95 1, the population of transferred Kannur district were transferred from it to form. the new areas for census prior to 195 t was estimated in the fol­ Kasaragod District comprising these two taluks. Present lowing manner. Kannur district comprises of the remaining Tallparamba, Kannur and Thalassery taluks of erstwhile Kannur dis­ (I) The population of an area transferred in any particular trict census prior to 1951 was estimated on the assumption that the proportion of the population in the area trans­ (B) A Portion (silent valley) of Karuvarakundu village of Emad ferred to the total population of dlstrictltaluk in which it Taluk of Malappuram district was transferred to Pudur vil­ was situated at the time of transfer was [he same in the lage of Mannarkad taluk of Palakkad dIstrict. This area is particular census as it was in t 95 t . uninhabited. (ii) Male-Female breakup of this estimated population of (Iii) Kakkanadan Thuruth and Suklam Thuruth of Puthenvelik­ the transferred area for previous censuses were worked kara village of Parawr taluk of Ernakulam dlsoict was trans­ out on the basis of the male/female distribution of ferred to Methala Village of Kodungallur taluk of Thrissur population In that particular previous census of the dis­ district. trictltaluk etc. In which It was situated at the time of transfer. Thus the following formulae was adopted for (Iv) North Pampa valley and area around Sabarimala Sannldha­ estimating the population for previous censuses. nam of Mlappara village of Peerumade taluk was trans­ ferred to newly formed Rannl taluk of the new The population of affected Pathanamthltta district. portion In the 195 t Census Population of the entire (v) Whole of Thiruvalla taluk, 4 villages (Aranmula, Me­ X unit in the earlier census zhuvell, Kulanada and Kldangannur) of Chengannur Taluk and 2 villages (Pandalam Thekkekara and The population of the entire Thonnalloor) of Mavellkkara taluk of Alappuzha district unit in the 1951 Census acc­ were transferred to newly formed Pathanamthltta dis­ trict. ording to t 98 t jurisdiction (vi) Also, a portion of VallaAzheekkal Kara of Arattupuzha Statement t shows the recast population figures of village of Karthlkappally taluk was transferred to the districts for different censuses adjusted to Jurisdictional village of Karunagappally taluk of Kallam district. changes.

75 STATEMENT - 1 Recast Population of Districts for Different Censuses Adjusted to Jurisdictional Changes POPULATION Description 19,81 1971 1961 P M F P M F P M F 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 I. Kannur Disc. as in 1981 2,803,467 1,378,578 1,424,8892,235,829 1,105,727 1,130,1021,690,094827,938 862,156 Deduct

a) Kasaragod Taluk 437,478 218,465 219,013 353,819 178,794 175,025 271,015134,468 136,547 b) Hosdurg Taluk 435,263 213,560 221,703 329,20r 163,065 166,136 241,131118,278 122,853 Kannur Dist. as In 1991 1,930,726 946,553 984,173 1,552,809 763,868 788,9411,177,948575,192 602,756

2. Kasaragod Dlst.(New) 872,741 432,025 440,716 683,020 341,859 341,161 512,146252,746 259,400 a)Kasaragod Talu~ 437,478 218,465 219,013 353,819 178,794 175,025 271,015134,468 136,547 b)Hosdurg Taluk 435,263 213,560 221,703 329,201 163,065 166,136 241,131118,278 122,853 3. Wayanad District No Change 4. Kozhikode District No Change 5. Malappuram District 2,402,701 1,170,778 1,231,923 1,856,357 909,510 946,8471,387,370674,337 713,033 as in 1981

Deduct

Silent valley Forest area In Karuvarakundu village of Ernad taluk transferred Nil Population to Mannarkad Taluk of Palakkad District

Malappuram District 2,402,7011,170,778 1,231,9231,856,357 909,510 946,8471,387,370674,337713,033 as In 1991

6. Palakkad District 2,044,399 994,196 1,050,2031,685,347 819,576 865,771 1,369,508659,217 710,291 as In 1981

Add Silent valley forest area of Malappuram District Nil Population

Palakkad District as 2,044,399 994,196 1,050,2031,685,347 819,576 865,771 1,369,508659,217 710,291 In 1991

7. Thrlssur dlst. as in 1981 2,439,543 1,161,675 1,277,8682,128,7971,022,774 1,106,0231,688,271806,608 881,663 Add

Kakkanadanthuruth and oSuklamthuruth of Puthen­ ,yellkkara village of Paravur raluk of Ernalculam dlst. added to Methala village of Kodungallur taluk 90 44 46 80 40 40 62 30 32

Thrissur Dist. as in 1991 2,439,633 1,161,719 1,277,9142,128,8771,022,814 1,106,0631,688,333 806,638 881,695 8. Ernakulam Dist.as in 1981 2,535,294 1,269,174 1,266;1202,163,6741,088,432 1,075,2421,698,575849,685 848,890

Deduct

Kakkanadanthuruth and Suklamthuruth of Parawr Taluk transferred to Kodunga­ lIur taluk of Thrissur Oisr. 90 44 46 80 40 40 62 30 32

Ernakullm Dist. as in 1991 2,535,204 1,269,130 1,266,0742,163,5941,088,392 1,075,2021,698,513849,655 848,858

76 STATEMENT - 1 Recast Population of Districts for Different Censuses Adjusted to Jurisdictional Changes POPULATION Description 1951 1941 1931 P M F M F P M F II 12 13 14 f5 16 17 18 19 1. Kannur Dist. as in 1981 1,315,501 637,081 678,4201,085,623 520,052 565,571 964,758462,733 502,025

Deduct

a)Kasaragod Taluk 224,015 110,056 113,959 186,557 91,474 95,083 164,616 80,691 83,925 b)Hosdurg Talult • 187,016 90,871 96,145 155,744 76,365 79,379 137,427 67,364 70,063 Kannur Dist. as in 199 t 904,470 436,154 468,316 743,322 352,213 391,109 662,715314,678348,037

2. Kasa,·agod Dist.(New) 411,031 200,927 210,104 342,301 167,839 174,462 302,043 148,055 153,988 a)Kasaragod Taluk 224,015 110,056 113,959 186,557 91,474 95,083 164,616 80,691 83,925 b)Hosdurg Taluk 187,016 90,871 96,145 155,744 76,365 79,379 137,427 67,364 70,063

3. Wayanad District No Change 4. Kozhikode Distriq No Change 5. Malappuram Dist. 1,149,718 559,531 590,187 977,085 473,762 503,323 874,504424,823 449,681 as in 1981

Deduct

Silent valley Forest area in Karuvarakundu village of Ernad taluk transferred Nil Population to Mannarkad Taluk of Palakkad District

Malappuram District 1,149,718 559,531 590,187 977,085 473,762 503,323 874,504424,823 449,681 as in 1991

6. Palakkad District 1,214,208 582,388 631,8201,025,058 492,995 532,063 941,286452,770 488,516 as in 1981

Add

Silent valley forest area of Malappuram District Nil Population

Palakkad District as 1,214208 582,388 631,8201,025,058 492,995 532,063 "941,286452,770 488,516 in 1991

7. Thrissur dist. as in 1981 1,403,099 666,439 736,6601,154,555 554,597 599,958 993,875479,070 514,805

Add

Kakkanadanthuruth and Suklamthuruth of Puthen­ velikkara village of Paravur taluk of Ernakulam dist. added to Methala village of Kodungallur taluk 51 25 26 43 21 22 38 19 19

Thrissur Dist. as in 1991 1,403,150 666;464 736,6861,154,598 554,618 599,980 993,913479,089 514,824 8. Ernakulam Dist.as in 198-1 '1,393,730 69'4,141 699,5891,172,335 587,709 584,626 982;769492,778 489,991

Deduct

Kakkanadanthuruth and Suklamthuruth of Paravur Taluk transferred to Kodunga­ lIur taluk of Thrissur Dist. 51 25 26 43 21 22 38 19 19

Ernakulam Dist. as in 1991 1,393,679 694,116 699,5631,172,292 587,688 584,604 982,731492,759 489,972 77 STATEMENT - 1 Recast Population of Districts for Different Censuses Adjusted to Jurisdictional Changes POPUlATION Description 1921 1911 1901 P M F P M F P M F 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 I. Kannur Dist. as In 1981 835,611 398,114 437,497 812,728 392,473 420,255 760,903369,377 391,526

Deduct

a) Kasaragod Taluk 140,029 68,300 71,729 b) Hosdurg Taluk 116,902 57,019 59,883 247,467 120,526 126,941 231,280112,299 118,981 Kannur Dist. as in 1991 578,680 272,795 305,885 565,261 271,947 293,314 529,623257,078 272,545

2. Kasaragod Dist,(New) 256,931 125,319 131,612 247,467 120,526 126,941 231,280 112,299.118,981 a) Kasaragod Taluk 140,029 68,300 71,729 b) Hosdurg Taluk 116,902 57,019 59,883 247,467 120,526 126,941 231,280112,299 118,981

J. Wayanad District No Change 4. Kozhikode District No Change 5. Malappuram Dist. as In 1981 764,138 375,166 388,972 747,929 370,203 377,726 682,151 338,217 343,934

Deduct

Silent valley Forest area in Karuvarakundu village of Ernad taluk transferred Nil Population to Mannarkad Taluk of Palakkad District

Malappuram District 764,138 375,166 388,972 747,929 370,203 377,726 682,151 338,217 343,934 as in 1991

6. Palakkad District 853,988 412,781 441,207 819,726 398,459 421,267 763,917374,083 389,834 as in 1981

Add

Silent valley forest area of Malappuram District Nil Population

Palakkad District as 853,988 412,781 441,207 819,726 398,459 421,267 763,917374,083 389,834 in 1991

7. Thrissur dist. as in 1981 813,726 396,771 416,955 769,672 383,167 386,505 683,240341,007 342,233

Add

Kakkanadanthuruth and Suklamthuruth of Puthen­ veJikkara village of Paravur taluk of Ernakulam dist. added to Methala village of Kodungallur taluk 32 16 16 30 15 IS 26 13 13

Thrissur Dist. as in 1991 813,758 396,787 416,971 769,702 383,182 386,520 683,266341,020 342,246

8. Ernakulam Dist.as in 1981 789,343 400,854 388,489 735,297 369,425 365,872 646,261 325,550 320,711

Deduct

Kakkanadanthuruth and Suklamthuruth of Paravur Taluk transferred to Kodunga­ lIur taluk of Thrissur Dist. 32 16 16 30 15 15 26 13 1 ~

Ernakulam Dist. as in 1991 789,311 400,838 388,473 735,267 369,410 365,857 646,235325,537 320,69S

78 STATEMENT - t Recast Population of Districts for Different Censuses Adjusted to Jurisdictional Changes POPUlATION DescriJ1(ion 1981 1971 1961 P M F P M F P M F 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 9. Idukki Disc. as in 1981 971,636 494,999 476,637 765,608 395,297 370,311 580,235303,106 277,129

Deduct

North Pampa valley area around Saba rim ala Sanni- dhanam of Mlappara Village of Peerumade Taluk trans- ferred to newly formed Pathanamthina District 2,344 1,207 1,137 216 119 97 1,164 644 520

Idukki Disc. as in 1991 969,292 493,792 475,500 765,392 395,178 370,214 579,071 302,462 276,609

10. Kottayam District No Change

11. Alappuzha Disc. as in 1981 2,350,145 1,146,407 1,203,7382,125,722 1,048,082 1,077,6401,805,517890,519 914,998

Deduct

a)portion transferred to new Pathanamthina Disc. 484,565 233,454 251,111 454,334 222,891 231,443 401,166197,468 203,698

i) Thiruvalla taluk 363,728 175,491 188,237 342,736 168,334 174,402 305,625 150,556 155,069 ii)3 Villages of Chengannur taluk 62,193 29,604 32,589 58,016 28,227 29,789 50,620 24,720 25,900 iii)2 Villages of 58,644 28,359 30,285 53,582 26,330 27,252 44,921 22,192 22,729 Mavelikkara taluk

b)A portion transferred to Kollam

i) A Portion of Valia Azhekkal 125 65 60 102 54 48 82 43 39 kara of Arartupuzha village of Karthikappally taluk transferred to Karunagap- pally taluk Alappuzha Disc. as in 1991 1,865,455 912,888 952,5671,671,286 825,137 846,1491,404,269693,008 711,261

12. Pathanamthitta Dist.(New) 1,125,345 547,352 577,9931,028,208 509,2 I 7 518,991 888,272 441,686 446,586

al Portion from erstwhile 484,565 233,454 25 1,111 454,334 222,891 231,443 401,166197,468 203,698 Alappuzha Dist.

i) Thiruvalla Taluk 363,728 175,491 188,237 342,736 168,334 174,402 305,625 150,556 155,069 ii) 3 Villages of Chengannur Taluk 62,193 29,604 32,589 58,016 28,227 29,789 50,620 24,720 25,900 iii) 2 Villages of 58,644 28,359 30,285 53,582 26,330 27,252 44,921 22,192 22,729 Mavelikkara taluk

b) Portion from erstwhile 638,436 312,691 325,745 573,658 286,207 287,451 485,942243,574 242,368 Kollam District

i) Pathanamthitta taluk 430,915 211,334 219,581 390,150 195,048 195,102 333,310 167,540 165,770 ii) 10 villages of 207,521 101,357 106,164 183,508 91,159 92,349 152,632 76,034 76,598 Kunnathur taluk

()Ponion from erstwhile 2,344 1,207 1,137 216 . 119 97 1,164 644 520 Idukki District

79 STATEMENT - 1 Recast Population of Districts for Different Censuses Adjusted to Jurisdictional Changes

POPULATION Description 1951 1941 1931 P 'M F P M F P M F 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 9. ldukki Dist as in 1981 331,603 173,723 157,880 244,418 130,354 114,064 187,767102,408 85,359

. Deduct

North Pampa valley area around Sabarimaia Sanni- dhanam of Mlappara Village of Peerumade Taluk trans- femd to newly formed Pathanamthltta District 181 93 88 122 68 54 87 50 37

ldukki Dlst as in 1991 331,422 173,630 157,792 244,296 130,286 114,010 187,680102,358 85,322

10. Kottayam District No Change

1 1. Alappuzha Dist as in 1991 1,516,914 751,307 765,6071,270,366 635,132 635,2341,127,301565,757 561,544

Deduct

a) Portion transferred to new Pathanamthitta Dist. 351,003 174,751 176,252 287,127 144,358 142,769 262,028132,399 129,629

i) Thiruvalla taluk 273,030 135,945 137,085 222,777 112,206 110,571 203,671 103,088 100,583 i1) 3 Villages of Chengannur taluk 41,824 20,867 20,957 34,127 17,189 16,938 31,202 15,793 15,409 m)2 Villages of 36,149 17,939 18,210 30,223 14,963 15,260 27,155 13,518 13,637 Mavelikkara taluk

b) A portion transferred to Kallam

i) A Portion of Valia Azhekkal 66 33 33 55 27 28 51 25 26 kara of Arattupuzha vnlage of Karthikappally taluk transferred to Karunagap- pally taluk Alappuzha Dist as in 1991 1,165,845 576,523 589,322 983,184 490,747 492,437 865,222433,333 431,889

12. Pathanamthltta Dist(New) 719,272 360,307 358,965 576,436 290,305 286,131 478,345242,188 236,157

a) Portion from erstwhile 351,003 174,751 176,252 287,127 144,358 142,769 262,028 132,399 129,629 Alappuzila Dist.

il Thiruvalla Taluk 273,030 135,945 137,085 222,777 112,206 110,571 203,671 103,088 100,583 i1) 3 vmages of Chengannur Taluk 41,824 20,867 20,957 34,127 17,189 16,938 31,202 15,793 15,409 ml2 Villages of 36,149 17,939 18,210 30,223 14,963 15,260 27,155 13,518 13,637 Mavelikkara taluk

b) Portion fiom erstwhile 368,088 t 85,463 182,625 289,187 145,879 143,308 216,230 109,7;39 106,491 Kallam District

I) Pathanamthltta tal uk 251,779 121,566 124,213 198,223 100,342 97,88' 142,632 72,863 69,769 ii) I 0 villages of 116,309 51,897 58,412 90,964 45,537 45,421 73,598 36,876 36,722 Kunnathur taluk

c) Portion from erstwhile 181 93 88 122 68 54 87 SO 37 Idukki District

80 STATEMENT - 1 Recast Population of Districts for Different Censuses AdJusted to Jurisdictional Changes POPULATION Description 1921 1911 1901 P M F P M F P M F 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 9. Idukki Dist. as In 1981 108,796 58,791 50,005 99,605 54,072 45,533 47,686 25,939 21,747

Deduct

North Pampa valley area around Sabarimala Sanni- dhanam of Mlappara Village of Peerumade Taluk trans- ferred to newly formed Pathanamthltta District 45 26 19 41 22 19 20 1 I 9

Idukkl Dist. as In 1991 108,751 58,765 49,986 99,564 54,050 45,514 47,666 25,928 21,738

10. Kottayam District

It. Alappuzha Dist. as in 1981 906,731 458,332 448,399 764,950 384,977 379,973 666,179 335,398 330,781

Deduct

a) Portion transferred to new Pathanamthitta Dist. 213,15.1 109,031 104,120 179,821 90,498 89,323 156,603 78,844 77,759

i) Thiruvalla taluk 165,239 84,673 80,566 139,401 70,156 69,245 121,402 61,122. 60,280 il) 3 Villages of Chengannur taluk 25,316 12,973 12,343 21,357 10,748 10,609 18,600 9,364 9,236 111)2 Villages of 22,596 11,385 11,211 19,063 9,594 9,469 16,601 8,358 8,243 Mavelikkara taluk

b)A portion transferred to Kollam

i)A Portion of Valia Azhekkal 42 21 21 35 18 17 31 16 15 karOl of Aratwpuzha village of Karthikappally taluk transferred to Karunagap- pally taluk Alappuzha Dist. as in 1 991 693,538 349,280 344,258 585,094 294,461 290,633 509,545256,538 253,007

12. Pathanamthitta Dist.(New) 375,935 192,839 183,096 317,072 159,543 157,529 276,251139,071 137,180

a)Portion from erstwhile 213,151 109,031 104,120 179,821 90,498 89,323 156,603 78,844 77,759 Alappuzha Dist.

i) Thiruvalla Taluk 165,239 84,673 80,566 139,401 70,156 69,245 121,402 61,122 60,280 ii) 3 Villages of Chengannur Taluk 25,316 12,973 12,343 21,357 10,748 10,609 18,600 9,364 9,236 iii)2 Villages of 22,596 11,385 11,211 19,063 9,594 9,469 16,601 8,358 8,243 Mavelikkara taluk

b) Pordon from erstwhile 162,739 83,782 78,957 137,210 69,023 68,187 119,628 60,216 59,412 Kollam District

i) Pathanamthitta taluk 104,002 53,980 50,022 87,687 44,111 43,576 76,451 38,482 37,969 i1) 10 villages of 58,737 29,802 28,935 49,523 24,912 24,611 43,177 21,734 21,443 Kunnathur taluk

c) Pordon from erstwhile 45 26 19 41 22 19 20 II 9 Idukki District

·81 STATEMENT - t Recast Population of Districts for Different Censuses Adjusted to Jurisdictional Chdnges POPULATION Descrlptlon 1981 1971 1961 P M F P M F P M F 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 I)North Pampa valley and 2,344 1,207 1,137 216 119 97 1,164 644 520 area around Sabarlmala Sannidhanam of Mlappara village of Peerumade taluk

13. Kollam Dlst. as in 1981 2,8t3,650 1,388,678 1,424,9722,412,8211,205,720 1,207,1011,946,963975,573 971,390

Deduct

a) Whole Pathanamthitta taluk 430,915 211,334 219,581 390,150 195,048 195,102 333,310167,540 165,770

b) 10 Villages of Kunnathur 207,521 101,357 106,164 183,508 91,159 92,349 152,632 76,034 76,598 taluk

Add

Valla Azheekkal kara of Karthikappally taluk of Alappuzha District 125 6.5 60 102 54 48 82 43 39

Kollam Dist. as In I 991 2,175,339 1,076,052 1,099,287 1,839,265 919,567 919,6981,461,103732,042 729,061

14. Trivandrum District No Change

82 ST ATEHENT - , Recast Population of Districts for Different Censuses Adjusted to Jurisdictional Changes POPULATION Description 1951 1941 1931 P M F P M F P M F I I 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 I) North P3lTlpa valley and 181 93 88 122 68 54 87 50 37 area around 5abarlmala 5.annldhanam of Mlappara vlllaae of Peenlmade taluk

13. Kollam Dist. as In 1981 1,478,384 741,497 736,8871,145,717 571,391 574,326 914,220457,625 456,595

Deduct a) Whole Pathanamthltta taluk 251,779 127,566 124,213 198,223 100,342 97,881 142,632 72,863 69,769 .,) 10 Villaies o( Kunnathur 116,309 57,897 58,412 90,964 45,537 45,427 73,598 36,876 36,722 uluk

Add Valia Azheekkal karOl of Karthlkappally taluk of Alappuzha District 66 33 33 55 27 28 51 25 26 Kollam Dist. as In 1991 1,110,362 556,067 554,295 856,585 425,539 431,046 698,041347,911 350,130 14. Trivandrum District No Change

83 STATEMENT - 1 Recast Population of Districts for Different Censuses Adjusted to Jurisdictional Changes POPULATION Description 1921 1911 1901 P M F P M F P M F 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 I) North Pampa valley and 4S 26 19 41 22 19 20 11 9 area around Sabarimab Sannldhanam of Mlappara village of Peerumade taluk

3. Kollam Dist. as In 1981 715,030 361,392 353,638 602,859 303,266 299,593 525,610264,571 261,039

Deduct

a)Whole Pathanamthitta taluk 104,002 53,980 50,022 87,687 44,1 I I 43,576 76,45 I 38,482 37,969

b)10 Villages of KLmnathur 58,737 29,802 28,935 49,523 24,912 24,611 43,17721,734 21,443 taluk

Add

Valla Alheekkal kara of Kanhlkappally taluk of Alappulha DIstrict 42 21 21 35 18 17 31 16 15

Kollam Dist. as in ·1991 552,333 277,631 274,702 465,684 234,261 231,423 406,013204,371 201,642

14. Trivandrum Disulct No Chan ge

84 PERCENTAGE GROWTH OF o POPULATION

20·01 a. ABOVE .". c - 15·01 - 20·00 10·01 - 15·00 STATE AVERAGE •k-=-:-3 14·32 L='~l 10·00 & BELOW

EAST OF GREENWICH

B<1s"d upon Su.. "y of India map with Ih" ptrmisslon" of tht The te.rntorial wQl~rs of Indio e:d2nd into the sea to

~------~==~~,~~~------.-,------.~,==~------~ 15' 7S0 7S0

KERALA ~~Icf1~ \JfOifi(§~1 ~ DECADAl GROWTH OF POPULATION

12" 1901-91 12°

KILOMETRES 20 10 0 20 ~O 60 l::d.=t: d

BOUNDARIES:

STATE JUT, DiSTRICT"

11"

< _" ...... J . \ ., . ...,) \. ./

c

KERALA

9 g'

CENSUS YEARS

75' EAST OF GREENWICH 76' 77° 7S'

Based, Ion c,urvcy of India IT ,with the permisSion 01 the - The territor" I waters of In 'Q 17xtQ:nd into the seQ to odic;.' nc:e of A riV' 'nrr it,' Intii-('r-. ....Ii,- • 11:

A statement Illustrating the method of estimation of populadon prior to 1951 involving two districts is appended herEM'ith. Similar procedure was adopted for other districts.

STATEMENT - 2 Table illustrating the Method of Estimation of Previous Census Population for Transferred Territories

Description 1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 Remarks 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Th rlssu r District as 683,240 769,672 813,726 993,875 1J 154,555 1,403,099 1,688,271 2,128,797 2,439,543 (1)90X26,375 in 1981 29,690 Added Portion Kakkanadanthuruth and 26 30 32 38 43 51 62 80 90 (2) 90X20,345 Suldamthuruth of (8) (7) (6) (5) (4) (3) (2) (1 ) 29,690 PuthenveJlkkara village of Parur Taluk of Ema­ kulam District added to Methala Village of KodungaJlur taluk

Th rlssu r District as 683,266 769,702 813,758 993,913 1,154,598 1,403,150 1,688,333 2,128,877 2,439,633 (3) 90 X 16,808 in 1991 29,690

(4) 51 X 158,760 186,467

(5) 51 X 139,808 186,467

(6) 51 X 116,610 186,467

(7) 32X 735,297 789,343

Emakulam District as 646,261 735,297789,343 982,7691,172,3351,393,730 1,698,575 2,163,674 2,535,294 In 1981 (8) 32 X 646,261 Deducted 789,343

Kakkanadanthuruthu and 26 30 32 38 43 51 62 80 90 Suklamthuruth of Paravur (8) (7) (6) (5) (4) (3) (2) (1 ) Taluk transferred to KodungaJlur Taluk of Th rlssu r District

Emakulam District as 646,235 735,267 789,311 982,731 1,172,292 1,393,679 1,698,513 2,163,594 2,535,204 in 1991

The following statement gives the percentage varladon in the total, rural and urban population separately from 1901 to 1991 for State and districts. STATEMENT - 3 Statement Showing the Percentage of Decadal Variation of Population 1901 to 1991 State/District T 1901 1981 1971 1961 1951 1941 1931 1921 1911 1901 R to to to to to to to to to to U 1991 1991 1981 1971 1961 1951 1941 1931 1921 1911 2 3 ... 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 KERALA T + 354.93 + 14.32 + 19.24 +26.29 + 24.76 + 22.82 +16.04 + 21.85 +9.16 + 11.75 R + 260.47 + 3.56 + 15.67 +24.61 + 22.40 + 19.19 +14.50 +20.64 + 7.52 + 11.47 U +1,589.84 +60.97 + 37.64 +35.72 + 39.89 + 52.72 +30.47 +34.58 +29.78 + 15.44

1. Kasaragod T + 363.29 + 22.78 + 27.78 +33.36 + 24.60 + 20.08 +13.33 + 17.56 + 3.82 + 7.00 R + 287.10 + 7.92 + 45.78 +34.47 + 14.69 + 11.58 +12.93 +17.33 +4.37 + 3.41 U - +308.53 -62.14 +28.12 + 111.66 + 263.25 +26.14 +25.36 -11.83

2. Kannur T + 325.16 + 16.63 + 24.34 +31.82 + 30.24 + 21.68 +12.16 + 14.52 +2.37 + 6.73 R + 133.42 -16.07 -1.77 +38.80 + 17.61 + 22.26 +12.41 + 14.28 +3.23 + 6.99 U +1,956.73 + 86.97 + 190.39 -0.10 +156.08 + 16.21 +9.88 + 16.83 -5.04 + 4.53 89 STATEMENT - 3 Statement Showing the Percentage of Decadal Variation of Population 1901 to 1991

State/District T 1901 1981 1971 1961 1951 1941 1931 1921 1911 1901 R to to to to to [,) to to to to U 1991 1991 1981 1971 1961 1951 1941 1931 1921 1911 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12

3. Wa~anad T + 794.39 + 21.32 + 33.87 + 50.35 + 62.60 + 59.17 + 15.89 + 8.26 + 2.69 + 9.85 R + 763.86 ... 17.17 + 33.87 +50.35 + 62.60 + 59.17 + 15.89 + 8.26 + 2.69 + 9.85 U

4. KOlllikode T + 329.46 + 16.69 + 23.25 +29.81 +25.71 +25.14 + 11.95 + 17.51 + 3.55 + 7.34 R + 209.62 - 1.20 + 29.75 +23.08 + 15.72 + 21.87 + 6.19 + 17.13 + 3.66 + 8.34 U + 1,037.60 + 64.61 + 8.67 +47.97 + 66.34 + 39.77 +47.68 + 19.96 + 2.87 + 1.43

5. Ma/appuram T + 353.91 + 28.87 .... 29.43 +33.80 + 20.67 + 17.67 + 11.73 + 14.44 + 2.17 + 9.64 R + 318.99 + 26.47 + 28.50 +32.03 + 20.7'5 + 16.!7 + 10.10 + 14.34 + 2.35 + 8.03 U + 2,574.25 + 58.88 + 42.39 +64.35 + 19.30 + 50.73 +66.14 + 18.07 - 3.83 +112.01

6. Palakkaci T + 21184 + 16.52 + 21.30 +23.06 + 12.79 + 18.45 + 8,90 + 10.22 + 4.18 + 7.31 R + 184.60 + 9.25 + 24.91 +20.53 + 14.35 + 15.32 + 6,67 + 10.46 + 3.96 + 7.13 l.l + 540.37 + 81.24 - 3.46 +43.80 + 1.42 + 47.64 +35.29 + 7,55 + 6.80 + 9.38

7 ThrisSlIr T + 300.62 T 12.20 + 14.60 +26.09 + 20.32 + 21.53 + 16.17 + 22.14 + 5.72 + 12.65 R + 209.34 + 4.79 + 2.44 +25.05 + 21.28 + 19.72 + 14,29 + 18,82 + 4.52 + 11.81 U +:),208.46 + 39.91 + 106.04 +34.58 +13.08+37.16 + 35.35 + 71.14 +27.25 + 30.16

8. Ernakulal11 T + 335.95 + 11.12 .,.. 17.18 +27.38 + 21.87 + 18.88 + 19.29 + 24,50 + 7.35 + 13.78 R + 1')2.44 - 5.76 +0.31 + 17.22 + 15.15 + 15.19 + 18.07 -I- 20.11 + 6.93 -I- 13.26 U + 1,750.69 .... 36.92 + 57.68 +60.89 + 50.93 + 38.00 +26.05 + 56.05 + 10.46 + 17.73

9. !dukki T +2,161.71 + ! 1.12 + 26.64 +32.18 + 74.72 + 35.66 +30.17 + 72.58 + 9.23 + 108.88 R +2,054.96 + 11.09 + 24.93 +27.81 + 80.53 + 33.58 +30.34 + 69.40 + 9.23 + 108.88 U - + 14.01 + 76.66 -+ 155.56 +20.75

\ O. Kottayam T + 305.73 + 7.71 + \0.29 + \7.\3 + 16.03 + 20.\ \ +2\.65 + 32.38 T 19.97 + 8.3\ R + 259.92 - 2.01 + 15.64 + 15.83 +17.30+15.37 + 21.80 + 31.81 + 16.01 + 8.80 U + 908.67 +101.70 - 23.79 +26.16 + 7.90 + 62.81 +20.31 + 37.69 +75.59 + 1.78

1 I. Alappuzha T +292.75 + 7.28 + 11.62 + 19.01 + 20.45 + 18.58 + 13.63 .... 24.75 + 18.53 + 14.83 R + 190.59 - 8.52 + 12.67 + 19.69 + 16.04 + 13.18 + 13.16 + 22.91 + I 1.55 + 15.60 U + 1,888.10 + 77.06 + 7.21 + 16.27 + 42.61 + 55.90 + 16.99 + 39.74 + 141.28 + 2.71

12. P:lthanamthitta T ' 330.16 + 5.60 + 9.45 + 15.75 + 23.50 + 24.78 +20.51 + 27.24 + 18.56 + 14.78 R .;.. 274.04 - 2.81 + 7.43 + 15.88 + 28.26 + 20.29 +20.42 + 26.31 + 17.74 + 11 89 U - + 149.28 + 61.26 + 12.63 - 35.88 + 133.37 +22.67 + 55.32 +50.71

15. KolIJm T + 492.98 + 10.68 + 18.27 +25.88 + 31.59 + 29.63 +22.71 + 26.38 + 18.61 + 14.70 R + 402.54 + 6.71 + 11.45 +25.25 + 32.76 + 26.93 +21.29 + 26.09 + 14.36 + 14.48 U +2,742.62 + 32.29 + 77.54 +31.66 + 21.80 + 57.71 +39.78 + 29.96 +119.41 + 20.06

14. Trivandrum T + 508.19 + 13.50 + 18.08 +26.03 + 31.38 + 30.81 + 18.46 + 28.58 + 17.02 -I- 17.54 R + 356.72 + 0.42 + 19.26 +25.55 + 26.97 + 21.94 + 15.76 + 28.10 + ! 1.57 + 18.59 U + 1,624.62 + 52.23 + 14.73 +27.42 + 46.05 + 72.50 +33.06 + 31.27 +60.37 + 9.81 There has been increase in population during every est growth rate in total population is noticed in Malappuram decade starting from 1901 to 1991. The total population has distnct and lowest in Pathanamthitta with just 5.60 percent. In increased from 190 1 to 1991 by 354.93 percent. The decadal (he case of urban population highest increase is in Kasaragod growth rate which was showing steady increase from 1931 distnctwith 308.53 percent and lowest in Idukki district with started declining from 1971 onwards and reached 14.32 percent 14.01 percent during the last decade. The growth rate during 1981-91 is .less than that of the decade 1931-41. ThE.' growth rate of urban Sex Ratio population which was steadily increasing upto 1921 - 31, de- clined during 1931-41. Then there was a phenomenal increase Sex ratio is an important demographic characteristic during 1941-51, but declined dunng next two decades. There- for studying population trend of :1 notion. It is always found after it was showing an increasing trend. During the decade that male and female births are not equal and therefore pre- 1981-91 the increase of total population is 14.32 percent ponderance of males over females Oi' females over males are whereas the increase in urban population is 60.98 percent High- noticed. In India there has been preponderance of males over

90 females and hence sex ratio has always been expressed in below shows the changes in sex ratio during the last 90 years Indian censuses by the number of females per 1000 males. separately for Total, Rural and Urban areas of the State and But in Kerala, females outnumber males. Statement 4 given districts.

STATEMENT - 4 Changes in Sex Ratio (Females Per 1,000 Males) 1901-1991 Scate/District T 1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 R U 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 KERALA T 1,004 1,008 1,011 1,022 1,027 1,028 1,022 1,016 1,032 1,036 R 1,008 1,012 1,016 1,028 1,033 1,033 1,027 1,020 1,034 1,037 U 953 957 958 964 979 992 991 997 1,02 ! 1,034

I. Kasaragod T 1,060 1,053 1,050 1,040 1,039 1,046 1,026 998 1,020 1,026 R 1,060 1,055 1,053 1,042 1,042 1,046 1,025 995 1,021 1,023 U 997 948 989 963 1,041 1,034 1,011 1,011 1,045

2. Kannur T 1,060 1,079 1,12.1 1,106 1,110 1,074 1,048 1,033 1,040 1,049 R 1,063 1,083 1,123 1,110 1,121 1,075 1,059 1,037 1,040 1,028 U 1,035 1,041 1,106 1,074 1,019 1,059 999 1,007 1,038 1,071

3. Wayanad T 805 815 786 804 835 838 903 922 949 966 R 805 815 786 804 835 838 903 922 949 966 U 947

4. Kozhikode T 1,009 1,022 1,038 1,032 1,044 1,019 1,007 1,004 1,020 1,027 R 1,024 1,037 1,054 1,047 1,057 1,025 1,016 1,008 1,025 1,028 U 925 931 940 946 987 995 983 995 1,008 1,024

5. Malappuram T 1,017 1,020 1,037 1,059 1,062 1,055 1,057 1,041 1,052 1,053 R 1,017 1,020 1,037 1,058 1,062 1,055 1,057 1,042 1,054 1,055 U 1,000 1,025 1,036 1,075 1,072 1,056 1,056 1,031 1,026 1,034

6. Palakkad T 1,042 1,057· 1,069 1,079 1,079 1,085 1,077 1,056 1,056 1,061 R 1,042 1,058 1,072 1,082 1,083 1,091 1,084 1,062 1,059 1,064 U 1,049 1,052 1,039 1,045 1,049 1,044 1,024 1,021 1,034 1,046

7. Thrissur T 1,004 1,009 1,051 1,075 1,082 I, 105 1,093 1,081 1,100 1,085 R 1,004 1,011 1,052 1,079 1,087 1,111 1,097 1,083 1,108 1,091 U 997 976 1,028 1,027 1,039 1,064 1,065 1,067 1,070 1,069

8. Ernakulam T 985 990 969 994 995 1,008 999 988 998 1,000 R 1,003 1,011 984 1,010 1,009 1,022 1,016 1,002 1,000 998 U 855 851 867 912 926 949 944 956 993 1,002

9. Idukki T 838 842 851 834 875 909 915 937 963 975 R 838 842 851 834 875 915 915 938 962 974 U 809 877 737 898 976 990

10. Kottayam T 965 969 947 966 966 987 988 991 1,001 1,003 R 966 972 951 972 970 992 991 992 999 1,004 U 950 940 916 912 937 955 967 982 1,014 999

91 STATEMENT - 4 Changes in Sex Ratio (Females Per 1,000 Males) 1901-1991 State/DiStrict T 1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 R U 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 11. Alappuzha T 986 987 986 997 1,003 1,022 1,026 1,025 1,043 1,051 R 988 989 992 1,007 1,012 1,031 1,030 1,028 1,046 1,054 U 958 951 935 927 947 981 1,011 1,016 1,033 1,042

12. Pathanamthltta T 986 987 949 975 986 996 1,011 1,019 1,056 1,062 R 988 991 951 977 985 997 1,010 1,018 1,056 1,063 U 867 909 938 990 991 1,036 ',053 ',054 ',061

13. Kollam T 987 988 989 1,006 1,013 997 996 1,000 1,022 1,035 R 989 989 995 1,012 1,019 1,004 1,001 1,002 1,022 1,039 U 938 952 926 942 952 939 951 988 1,018 1,022

14. Trivandrum T 996 990 981 1,003 1,017 1,010 1,005 1,008 1,030 1,036 R 1,006 993 987 1,011 1,026 1,017 1,013 1,012 1,034 1,040 U 930 968 947 960 975 985 984 996 1,018 1,028

The Statement shows that except in me case of hilly dis- the hilly districts of Wayan ad and Idukki the position is vice tricts there is a preponderance of females over males and In versa in 1991.

92 A-2 DECADAL VARIATION IN POPULATION SINCE 1901

State/ Year Persons Decade Percentage Males Females district variation Decade variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 KERALA 1901 6,396,262 3,191,466 3,204,796 1911 7,147,673 + 75.1,4J I +11.75 3,559,425 3,588,~48 1921 7,802,127 + 654,454 + 9.16 3,879,458 3,922,669 1931 9,507,050 + 1,704,923 +21.85 4,702,951 4,804,099 1941 11,031,541 + 1,524,491 +16.04 5,443,296 5,588,245 1951 13,549,118 +2,5) 7,577 +22.82 6,681,901 6,867,217 1961 16,903,715 +3,354,597 +24.76 8,361,927 8,541,788 1971 21,347,375 +4,443,660 +26.29 10,587,851 10,759,524 1981 25,453,680 +4,106,305 + 19.24 12,527,767 12,925,913 1991 29,098,518 + 3,644,838 +, 4.32 14,288,995 14,809,523

KASARAGOD 1901 231,280 I t2,299 118,981 1911 247,467 + 16,187 + 7.00 120,526 126,941 1921 256,931 + 9,464 + 3.82 125,319 131,612 1931 302,043 + 45,112 +17.56 148,055 153,988 1941 342,301 + 40,258 + 13.33 167,839 174,462 1951 411,031 + 68,730 +20.08 200,927 210,104 1961 512,146 +101,115 +24.60 252,746 259,400 1971 683,020 + 170,874 +33.36 341,859 341,161 1981 872,741 +189,721 +27.78 432,025 440,716 1991 1,071,508 + 198,767 +22.78 528,803 542,705

KANNUR 1901 529,623 . 257,078 272;545 1911 565,261 + 35,638 + 6.73 271,947 293,314 1921 578,680 + 13,419 + 2.37 272,795 305,885 1931 662,715 + 84,035 + 14.52 314,678 348,037 1941 743,322 + 80,607 + 12.16 352,213 391,109 1951 904,470 + 161,148 +21.68 436,154 468,316 1961 1,177,948 +273,478 +30.24 575,192 602,756 1971 1,552,809 +374,861 +31.82 763,868 788,941 1981 1,930,726 +377,917 +24.34 946,553 984,173 1991 2,251,727 +321,001 +16.63 1,098,838 1,152,889

WAYANAD 1901 75,149 41,632 33,517 1911 82,549 + 7,400 + 9.85 45,489 37,06.0 1921 84,771 + 2,222 + 2.69 47,473 37,298 1931 91,769 + 6,998 + 8.26 50,877 40,892 1941 106,350 + 14,581 + 15.89 57,952 48,398 1951 169,280 + 62,930 +59.17 92,099 77,181 1961 275,255 + 105,975 +62.60 144,635 130,620 1971 413,850 + 138,595 +50.35 215,338 198,512 1981 554,026 + 140,176 +33.87 284,261 269,765 . 1991 672,128 + 118,102 +21.32 341,958 330,170

KOZHIKODE 1901 610,058 303,662 306,396 1911 654,846 + 44,788 + 7.34 323,897 330,949 1921 678,122 + 23,276 + 3.55 332,771 345,351 1931 796,881 + 118,759 + 17.51 392,117 404,764 1941 892,078 + 95,197 + 11.95 436,503 455,575 1951 1,116,391 +224,313 +25.14 553,029 563,362 1961 1,403,413 +287,022 +25.71 699,388 704,025 1971 1,821,734 +418,321 +29.81 909,037 912,697 1981 2,245,265 +423,531 +23.25 1,111,409 1,133,856 1991 2,619,941 +374,676 +16.69 1,292,765 1,327,176

93 A-2 DECADAL VARIATION IN POPULATION SINCE 190t

State/ Year Persons Decade Percentage Males Females district variation Decade variation

2 3 4 5 6 7

MALAPPURAM 1901 682,151 338,217 343,934 1911 747,929 + 65,778 + 9.64 370,203 377,726 1921 764,138 + 16,209 + 2.17 375,166 388,972 1931 874,504 +110,366 + 14.44 424,823 449,681 1941 977,085 + 102,581 + 11.73 473,762 503,323 1951 1,149,718 + 172,633 + 17.67 559,531 590,187 1961 1,387,370 +237,652 +20.67 674,337 713,033 1971 1,856,357 +468,987 + 33.80 909,510 946,847 1981 2,402,701 +546,344 +29.43 I, 170,778 1,231,923 1991 3,096,330 +693,629 +28.87 1,508,280 1,588,050

PALAKKAD 1901 763,917 374,083 389,834 1911 819,726 + 55,809 + 7.31 398,459 421,267 1921 853,988 + 34,262 + 4.18 412,781 441,207 1931 941,286 + 87,298 +10.22 452,770 488,516 1941 1,025,058 + 83,772 + 8.90 492,995 532,063 1951 1,214,208 + 189,150 + 18.45 582,388 631,820 1961 1,369,508 + 155,300 + 12.79 659,217 710,291 1971 1,685,347 +315,839 +23.06 819,576 865,771 1981 2,044,399 +359,052 +21.30 994,196 1,050,203 1991 2,382,235 +337,836 + 16.53 1,155,822 1,226,413

THRISSUR 1901 683,266 341,020 342,246 1911 769,702 + 86,436 + 12.65 383,182 386,520 1921 813,758 + 44,056 + 5.72 396,787 416,971 1931 993,913 +180,155 +22.14 479,089 514,824 1941 1,154,598 + 160,685 + 16.17 554,618 599,980 1951 1,403,150 +248,552 +21.53 666,464 736,686 1961 1,688,333 +285,183 +20.32 806,638 881,695 1971 2,128,877 +440,544 +26.09 1,022,814 1,106,063 1981 2,439,633 +310,756 + 14.60 1,161,719 1,277,914 1991 2,737,311 +297,678 + 12.20 1,312,683 1,424,628

ERNAKULAM 1901 646,235 325,537 320,698 1911 735,267 + 89,032 + 13.78 369,410 365,857 1921 789,311 + 54,044 + 7.35 400,838 388,473 1931 982,731 + 193,420 +24.50 492,759 489,972 1941 1,172,292 +189,561 + 19.29 587,688 584,604 1951 1,393,679 +221,387 + 18.88 694, 116 699,563 1961 1,698,513 +304,834 +21.87 849,655 848,858 1971 2,163,594 +465,081 +27.38 1,088,392 1,075,202 1981 2,535,204 +371,610 + 17.18 1,269,130 1,266,074 1991 2,8 I 7,236 +282,032 + I l. I 3 1,408,649 1,408,587

IDUKKI 1901 47,666 25,928 21,738 1911 99,564 + 51,898 + 108.88 54,050 45,514 1921 108,751 + 9,187 + 9.23 58,765 49,986 1931 187,680 + 78,929 + 72.58 102,358 85,322 1941 244,296 + 56,616 + 30.17 130,286 114,010 1951 331,422 + 87,126 + 35.66 173,630 157,792 1961 579,071 +247,649 + 74.72 302,462 276,609 1971 765,392 + 186,32 I + 32. 18 395, I 78 370,2 I 4 1981 969,292 +203,900 + 26.64 493,792 475,500 1991 1,078,066 + 108,774 + 11.22 545,872 532,194

94 A-2 DECADAl VARIATION IN POPULATION SINCE 1901

State/ Year Persons Decade Percentage Males Females district variation Decade variation 2 3 4 5 6 7 KOTTAYAM 1901 450,615 229,338 221,277 1911 488,040 + 37,425 + 8.31 247,801 240,239 1921 585,478 + 97,438 + 19.97 300,635 284,843 1931 775,069 +189,591 + 32.38 394,234 380,835 1941 942,899 + 167,830 +21.65 479,518 463,381 1951 1,132,478 + 189,579 +20.11 570,002 562,476 1961 1,313,983 +181,505 + 16.03 661,037 652,946 1971 1,539,030 +225,047 + 17.13 773,182 765,848 1981 1,697,442 +158,412 + 10.29 848,462 848,980 1991 1,828,271 + 130,829 + 7.71 912,860 915,411

AlAPPUZHA 1901 509,545 256,538 253,007 1911 585,094 + 75,549 + 14.83 294,461 290,633 1921 693,538 + 108,444 + 18.53 349,280 344,258 1931 865,222 +171,684 +24.75 433,333 431,889 1941 983,184 +117,962 + 13.63 490,747 492,437 1951 1,165,845 + 182,661 + 18.58 576,523 589,322 1961 1,404,269 +238,424 +20.45 693,008 711,261 1971 1,671,286 +267,017 +19.01 825,137 846,149 1981 1,865,455 + 194,169 + 11.62 912,888 952,567 1991 2,001,217 + 135,762 + 7.28 975,885 1,025,332

PATHANAMTHITTA 1901 276,251 139,071 137,180 1911 317,072 + 40,821 + 14.78 159,543 157,529 1921 375,935 + 58,863 + 18.56 192,839 183,096 1931 478,345 +102,410 +27.24 242,188 236,157 1941 576,436 + 98,091 +20.51 290,305 286, I 31 1951 719,272 + 142,836 +24.78 360,307 358,965 1961 888,272 + 169,000 +23.50 441,686 446,586 1971 1,028,208 + 139,936 + 15.75 509,217 518,991 1981 1,125,345 + 97,137 + 9.45 547,352 577,993 1991 1,188,332 + 62,987 + 5.60 576,176 612,156

KOllAM 1901 406,013 204,371 201,642 1911 465,684 + 59,671 + 14.70 234,261 231,423 1921 552,333 + 86,649 + 18.61 277,631 274,702 1931 698,041 + 145,708 +26.38 347,911 350,130 1941 856,585 + 158,544 +22.71 425,539 431,046 1951 1,110,362 +253,777 +29.63 556,067 554,295 1961 1,461,103 +350,741 + 31.59 732:042 729,061 1971 1,839,265 +378,162 + 25.88 919,567 919,698 1981 2,175,339 +336,074 + 18.27 i ,076,052 1,099,287 1991 2,407,566 +232,227 + 10.68 1,182,810 1,224,756

TRIVANDRUM 1901 484,493 242,692 241,801 1911 569,472 + 84,979 + 17.54 286,196 283,276 1921 666,393 + 96,921 + 17.02 336,378 330,015 1931 856,851 + 190,458 +28.58 427,759 429,092 1941 1,015,057 + 158,206 + 18.46 503,331 511,726 1951 1,327,812 +312,755 +30.81 660,664 667,148 1961 1,744,531 +416,719 + 31.38 869,884 874,647 1971 2,198,606 +454,075 +26.03 1,0'75,176 1,103,430 1981 2,596,112 +397,506 + 18.08 1,279,150 1,316,962 1991 2,946,650 +3.50,538 + 13.50 1,447,5?4 1,499,056

95 A-2 : DECADAL VARIATION IN POPULA TJON SINCE 190 I APPENDIX State and districts at the 1991 census showing 1981 area and population according to territorial jurisdiction in 1981, change in population of 1981 adjusted to jurisdiction of 1991

SI. State/ Area in 1991 Area in 1981 popula- Population Net No. District 1991 Popul- 1981 tion accord- in 1981 adju- increase (Sq.Km) adon (Sq.Km) ing to juri- sted to juri- or decrease sdiction pr- sdiction of between evailing in 1991 Cols. 6 & 7 1991

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

KERALA 38,863 29,098,518 38,863 25,453,680 25,453,680

1. Kasaragodl' l 1,992 1,071,508 872,741 +872,741 2. Kannurbl 2,966 2,251,727 4,958 2,803,467 1,930,726 -872,741 3. Wayanad 2,131 672,128 2,132 554,026 554,026 4. Kozhikode 2,344 2,619,941 2,345 2,245,265 2,245,265 5. Malappuram 3,550 3,096,330 3,548 2,402,701 2,402,701

6. Palakkad 4,480 2,382,235 4,480 2,044,399 2,044,399 7. Thrissur1c1 3,032 2,737,311 3,032 2,439,543 2,439,633 +90 8. Ernakulam1dl 2,407 2,817,236 2,408 2,535,294 2,535,204 -90 9. Idukki Cel 5,019 1,078,066 5,061 971,636 969,292 -2,344

10. K,Qltayam. 2,203 1,82~,271 2,204 1,697,442 1,697,442 It. Alap\lUzha1f} 1,414 2,001,217 . 1,883 2,350,145 1,865,455 -484,690 12. Pathanamthitta(') 2,642 1,188,332 1,125,345 + 1,125,345

c 13. Kollam 1hl 2,491 ·.2:407,566 .4j620 . 2,81l,6~O> 2,175,339 -638,311 14. Trivandrum 2,192 2,946,650 2,192 2,596,112 2,596,112

(a) As against (b) below

(b) Entire Kasaragod and Hosdurg taluks with an area of 1990 sq. km and population 872,741 were transfered to form a new district - Kasaragod district on 24th May 1984 as per G.O. (MS) No. 520/84/RD dated 19.5.84

(c) As against (d) below.

(d) Kakkanadanthuruthu and Suklamthuruthu of Puthenvelikkara village of Paravur taluk with an area 6.4225 hectares and population 90 (1981 census) transferred to Methala village of Kodungallur Taluk of Thrissur district as per G.O. (MS) No. 881/85/Rd dated 20.9.1985.

(e) North Pampavally area and areas around Sabarimala Sannidhanam of Mlappara village of Peerumade taluk with an area 21.45 sq.km and population 2344 (1981 census) transferred to Ranni Taluk of newly formed Pathanamthitta district as per G.O. (MS) No. 1026/821RD dated 29.10.1982.

(t)(il Entire Thiruvalla taluk (Area - 346.5 SQ. km, Population - 363,728), 3 villages of Chengannur Taluk (Area 59.97 sq.km population - 62,193) and two villages of Mavelikkara Taluk (Area 53.78 sQ.km, Population 58,644) have been transferred to newly formed Pathanamthitta district as per G.O. (MS) No. 1026/821RD Dated 29.10.1982 and G.O.M.S No. 1028/82/RD dated 30.10.1982.

(ii) A portion of Valiya Azheekkal Kara of Arattupuzha Village of Karthikappally Taluk with an area of 0.10 sq.km and population 125 (1981 census) was transferred to Alappad village of Karunagappally Taluk of Kollam District as per G.O. (MS) No. 142!85/RD dated 12.2.1985.

(g) As against (e) and (f}(i) above and (h) below.

(h) Whole of Pathanamthitta Taluk with area 1975.60 Sq.km. and population 430,915 (1981 census) and ten villages of Kunnathur Taluk area 271.52 sq.km and Population 207,521 wert: transferred to newly formed Pathanamthitta district as per G.O. (MS) No.1 026/82/RD dated 29.10.1982.

T'lere is no change in the jurisdiction of Kerala State since the 1981 Census. The district boundaries of Wayan ad, Kozhikode, Malappuram, P"lakkad, Kottayam and Trivandrum have not undergone any change since 1981 Census. 96 A3-VILLAGES CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION SIZE

A-3 VILLAGES CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION SIZE

Fly leaf

This table corresponds to the table A3 of 1981 Cen­ respective towns. In the case of villages partly lying in urbJn sus and gives the total number of inhabited villages classified areas, the portion of villages which lie outside the urban lim­ by ~even broad population ranges viz. (i) Less than 200 (ii) its have been reckoned as villages and their number and popu­ 200-499 (iii) 500-999 (iv) 1000-1999 (v) 2000-4999 lation are included in this table. (vi) 5000-9999 and (vii) t 0000 and above. The popula­ tion data for villages .classified into these ranges have been Statement t below gives the percemage of population bresented with sex breakup. The number of inhabited vil­ living in villages of various population sizes to total rural popu­ lages shown in this table is exclusive of those villages which lation in 199 t • make up urban areas and whose population is included in the

STATEMENT - Population Living in Villages of Various Population Sizes as Percentage of the Total Rural Population - 1991 SI. State! Population living in Villages of Various Population sizes as Percentage No. District Total Les; than 200 200-499 500-999 1000-1999 2000-4999 5000-9999 10000+

2 3------, 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 KERf.LA 10000 N N 0.01 0.12 1.78 9.1 I 88.98 I. Kasarae,od 100.00 0.1 I 1.30 13.39 31. 78 53.42 2. Kannur 100.00 13.71 86.29 3. W3yanad 100.()O 0.27 19.74 79.99 4. Kozhikocie 100.00 0.53 3.16 96.31

5. Maiappural1 1 100.00 I. 1 8 98.82 6. Palakkad 100.00 0.07 3.16 11.54 85.23 7. Thrisslir 100.00 0.01 0.14 7.25 3: .86 60.74 8. Ernakulam 100.00 0.01 0.49 5.60 93,90 9. Idukki 100.00 0.04 0.09 0.18 LIO 10.80 87.79 10. Kottayam 100.00 0.19 1.15 8.44 90.22 1 I. Alappuzha 100.00 0.03 0,16 2.43 97.38 12. Pathanamthitta 100.00 0.05 0.18 2.42 97.35 13. Kallam 100.00 0.74 99.26 14. Trivandrum 100.00 0.06 0.23 1.84 97.87

It is observed that small size villages are very few in villages of popularion size above 10,000. But in these two Kerala. 88.98 percent of rural population of the state Jive in districts more than 30 percent of rural population rive in villages having population 10,000 and above. Only negligi­ villages of population size 5,000-9,999. While the revenue: ble proportion of rural population live in very small villages villages as such are treated as Census villages in all the other ~ith population less than 500. In Malappuram, Ernakulam, districts, in Kasaragod and Thrissur districts constituents of Kottayam, Alappuzha, Pathanan1thitta, Kollam and grouped villages are treated as Census villages and that is the Trivandrum districts more than 90 percent of rural popula­ reason for the comparatively smaller number of very large tion live in large villages having popula~ion above 10,000. villages in these two districts. In the case of villages lying In Kollam district it is as high as 99.26 percent. Kasaragod partly in towns anq partly outside towns the population of and Thrissur are the two districts where the proportion of ponion lying outside the town only is taken as the population population living in large villages with population above of the village and therefore such villages may figure as small 10,000 is comparatively low. In Kasaragod 53.42 percent population size villages. These limitations have to be taken and in Thrissur 60.74 percent of rural population live in into account while considering the figures in the above state- 99 ment. In Kannur, Malappuram and Kollam districts there is Statement 2 below gives the percentage of Villages no village with population less than 5,000. and Population by size class of villages for the year t 98 t and t 991. In Kasaragod District, against 62.90 percent of in Peerumade Taluk ofldukkl dIs­ villages in the population size group of 10,000 and above in trict has got the highest population of 70816 among the 1981 there are only 30. 17 percent of such villages in 1991. villages in the State. village of Emad taluk having a At the same time while there were only 6.45 percent of population 46,516 Is the next largest village. Excluding K.D. villages in the size group 2000-4999 in 1981 there are Hills and Edakkara_ 4 more villages have population above 30.1 7 percent of such villages in 1991. The reduction in 40,000. They are 'firuranga.i (43,645) and Thennala the number of large villages and the increase in the number (41084) in Tirur taluk, Venganoor (40,284) in Trivandrum of small villages in the districts is due to the following rea­ taluk and Kottukal (41,463) in Neyyattinkara tahik. While sons. In Kasaragod Taluk there are groups of smallyillages 74.24 percent of villages in the State containing 90.35 per­ and the group is treated as the revenue villages. In t 98 t cent of rural population had population above 10,000 in Census the revenue villages were taken as the census villages. t 981, in 1991 Census only 72.76 percent of villages con­ But in 1991 Census individual villages in the groups were taining 88-98 percent of rural population had population treated as census villa~s as requested by local revenue au­ above t 0,000. This slight decrease in the number of very thorities in the context of abandoning the desomwlse presen­ large villages may be attributed to the bifurcation of more tation, of data and following the pattern in Thrlssur district. than 200 revenue villages in the State during the intercensal Moreover, a few villages of t 98 1 were also bifurcated in this period of 1981-91. district during the intercensal period of t 98 t -91.

100 STA TEMENT - 2 Percentage of Villages and Population by Size Class of Villages in 1981 and 1991

State/District Year Less than 500 500-999

No. of villages as Population as perc en- No. of villages as Population as percen- percentage of total tage of total rural percentage of total tage of total rural No. of villages population No. of villages population

2 3 4 5 6

KERALA 1981 0.41 0.01 0.16 0.01 1991 0.29 N 0.22 0.01

Kasaragod 1981 1991 0.86 0.11

2 Kannur 1981 1991

3 Wayanad 1981 1991

4 Kozhikode 1981 1991

5 Malappuram 1981 1991

6 Palakkad 1981 0.04 1991

7 Thrissur 1981 0.94 0.01 1991 0.48 0.01

8 Ernakulam 1981 0.02 1991 1.12 0.01

9 Idukki 1981 2.38 0.05 1991 1.54 0.04 1.54 0.09

10 Kottayarrl 1981 1991

I 1 Alappuzha 1981 1.35 0.03 1991 1.33 0.03

12 Pathanamthitta 1981 1991 1.56 0.05

13 Kallam 1981 1.49 0.01 1991

I 4 Trivandrum 1981 2.32 0.12 1991

101 STATEMENT - 2 Percentage of Villages and Population by Size Class of Villages in 1981 and 1991

State/District Year Less than 1000-1999 2000-4999

No. of villages as Population as percen- No. of villages as Population as percen- percentage of total tage of total rural percentage of total rage of total rural No. of villages population No. of villages population

2 7 8 9 10

KERAlA 1981 1.07 0.10 5.91 1.33 1991 1.17 0.12 7.37 1.78

Kasaragod 1981 6.45 2.16 1991 6.04 1.30 30.17 13.39

2 Kannur 1981 1.14 0.35 1991

3 Wayanad 1981 1991 2.08 0.27

4 Kozhikode 1981 19~1 2.30 0.53

5 Malappuram 1981 1991

6 Palakkad 1981 0.69 0.06 6.16 1.97 1991 0.65 0.07 9.68 3.16

7 Thrissur 1981 2.82 0.44 23.47 9.47 1991 0.96 0.14 18.66 7.25

8 Ernakulam 1981 1.26 0.13 3.80 0.91 1991 2.25 0.49

9 Idukki 1981 4.76 0.26 7.14 1.01 1991 1.54 0.18 4.61 1.10

10 Kottayam 1981 1.35 0.09 1.35 0.30 199\ 2.22 0.19 4.44 1.15

11 Alappuzha 1981 1.35 0.13 1991 1.33 0.16

12 Pathanamthitta 1981 1991 1.56 0.18

13 Kallam 1981 1991

14 Trivandrum 1981 2.33 0.18 0.17 1991 1.07 0.06 1.08 0.23

102 STATEMENT - 2 Percentage of Villages and Population by Size Class of Villages in 1981 and 1991

State/District Year Less than 5000-9999 10000 + No. of villages as Population as percen- No. of viHages as Population as perc en- percentage of total tage of total rural percentage of total rage of total rural No. of villages population No. of villages population

2 11 12 13 14

KERALA 1981 18.21 8.24 74.24 90.31 1991 18.21 9.11 72.76 88.98

Kasaragod 1981 30.65 17.51 62.90 80.33 1991 32.76 31.78 30.17 53.42

2 Kannur 1981 27.27 14.54 71.59 85.11 1991 24.36 13.71 75.64 86.29

3 Wayanad 1981 19.35 8.73 80.65 91.27 1991 31.25 19.74 66.67 79.99

4 Kozhikode 1981 8.99 3.96 91.01 96.04 1991 6.90 3.16 90.80 96.31

5 Malappuram 1981 7.83 3.46 92.17 96.54 1991 3.25 1.18 96.75 98.82

6 Palakkad 1981 25.34 16.34 67.81 81.59 1991 19.35 11.54 70.32 85.23

7 Thrissur 1981 43.19 34.34 29.58 55.74 1991 42.10 31.86 37.80 60.74

8 Ernakulam 1981 10.13 4.26 84.81 94:68 1991 11.24 5.60 85.39 93.90

9 Idukki 1981 11.91 4.38 73.81 94.30 1991 21.54 10.80 69.23 87.79

10 Kottayam 1981 4.06 1.34 93.24 98.27 1991 16.67 8.44 76.67 90.22

11 Alappuzha 1981 2.70 0.93 94.60 98.91 1991 5.34 2.43 92.00 97.38

12 Pathanamrhitta 1981 3.77 1.12 96.23 98.88 1991 4.69 2.42 92.19 97.35

13 Kollam 1981 1.49 0.54 97.02 99.45 1991 2.17 0.74 97.83 99.26

14 Trivandrum 1981 6.98 2.42 88.37 97.11 1991 4.30 1.84 93.55 97.87

103 A-3 VILLAGES CLASSIFIED

State/District! Total Less than 200 200-499 Taluk No. of Total rural population Population Population inhabited villages Persons Males Females No. Males Females No. Males Females

l 3 5 f> 7' 8 9' to 11 KERALA 1384 21,418,224 10,512,788" 10,905,436' 2 177 1 18 2 438 ilO

I. KASARAGOD 116 895,282 442,648 452,634 DISTRICT

1. Kasaragod taluk 78 482,262 240,762 241,500 2. Hosdurg taluk 38 413,020 201,886 211,131-

2. KANNUR 78 1,106,251 545,613 560,638 DISTRICT

I. Tallparamba taluk 41 543,788 270,045 273,743 2. Kannur caluk 7 124,264 59,848 61,416 3. Thalassery taluk 30 438,199 215,720 222,479

3. WAYANAD 48 649,179 330,174 319,005 DISTRICT

I. Mananthavady taluk 16 203,701 102,940 100,761 2. Sufrryan 8amery taluk IS 255,397 131,581 123,816 3, Vyd,iri taiuk 17 190,081 95,653 94,428

4. KOZHIKODE 87 1,615,444 796,383 819,061 DISTRICT

t. Vadakara taluk 24 468,026 227,898 240,128 2. Quilandy taluk 36 640,965 316,279 324,686 3. Kozhikode taluk 27 506,453 252,206 254,247

5. MAlAPPURAM 123 2,813,876 1,369,418 1,444,458 DISTRICT

t. Ernad taluk 50 1,078,584 531,143 547,441 2. Perinthaimanna taiuk 22 413,862 201,129 212,733 3. Tlrurtaluk 41 1,052,312 507,916 544,396 4. Ponnan; taluk 10 269,118 129,230 139,888

6. PALAKKAD 155 2,007,658 972,765 1,034,893 DISTIlICT

I. OttaPpa,lam taluk 37 665,413 316,723 348,690 2. Mannarkad taluk 23 263,488 t29,37~ 134,113 3. Palakkad taluk 24 337,178 165,161 172,017 4. Chlttur taluk 41 343,113 168,417 174.696 5. A1athur taluk 30 398,466 193,089 205,377

7. THRISSUR 209 2,017,095 964,593 1,052,502 69 52 DISTRICT

I. Talappilly taluk 73 509,932 242,923 267,009 69 52 104 BY POPULATION SIZE

500-999 1000-1999 2000-4999 5000-9999 10000+ Population Population Population Population Population

No. Males Females No. Males Females No. Males Females No. Males Females No. Males Females

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 3 1240 1215 16 12,677 12,827 102 186,249 194,033 252 957,407 993,827 1,0079,354,600 9,703,006

477 503 7 5,727 5,957 35 59,121 60,744 38 140,918 143,565 35 236,405 241,865

477 503 6 4,983 5,093 31 51,162 52,221 26 94,503 94,685 14 89,637 88,998 744 864 4 7,959 8,523 12 46,415 48,880 21 146,768 152,867

19 74,374 77,246 59 471,239 483,392

13 52,077 54,437 28 217,968 219,306 I 4,383 4,625 6 55,465 59,791 5 17,914 18,184 25 197,806 204,295

909 863 15 64,688 63,455 32 264,577 254,687

5 23,961 23,108 II 78,979 77,653 4,053 3,818 14 127,528 119,998 909 863 9 36,674 36,529 7 58,070 57,036

2 4,348 4,152 6 25,515 25,622 79 766,520 789,287

2 4,348 4,152 22 223,550 235,976 5 21,208 21,207 31 295,071 303,479 4,307 4,415 26 247,899 249,832

4 16,356 16,947 119 1,353,062 1,427,511

2 7,856 7,826 48 523,287 539,615 2 8,500 9,121 20 192,629 203,612 41 507,916 5<\<\,396 10 129,230 139,888

687 651 15 31,215 32,188 30 114,291 117,488 109 826,572 884,566

I 4,255 4,715 36 312,468 343,975 9 35,465 35,666 14 93,910 98,447 3 10,919 10,818 21 154,242 161,199 687 651 15 31,215 32,188 12 45,118 46,478 13 91,397 95,379 5 18,534 19,811 25 174,555 185,566

2 1,392 1,541 39 70,275 75,941 88 306,797 335,935 79 586,060 639,033

860 945 20 35,068 38,319 35 118,327 131,069 16 88,599 96,624 105 A-3 VILLAGES CLASSIFIED

State/District! Total less than 200 200-499 Taluk No. of Total rural population Population Population inhabited villages Persons Males Females No. Males Females No. Males Females

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2. Chavakkad taluk 20 308,344 144,715 163,629 3. Thrissur taluk 50 379,698 183,304 196,394 4. Kodungallur taluk 13 181,378 85,732 95,646 5. Mukundapuram taluk 53 637,743 307,919 329,824

8. ERNAKUlAM 89 1,44'1,059 722,730 721,329 108 66 DISTRICT

I. Kunnathunad taluk 23 364,620 184,232 180,388 2. Aluva taluk 16 260,919 130,893 130,026 108 66 3. Parawr taluk 4 79,126 38,797 40,329 4. Koehl taluk 9 216,040 105,826 110,214 5. Kanayannur taluk 11 142,119 70,806 71,313 6. Muvattupuzha taluk 16 231,965 116,960 115,005 7. Kothamangalam taluk 10 149,270 75,216 74,054

9. IDUKKI DISTRICT 65 1,027,185 520,308 506,877 224 207

I. Devikulam tal uk 13 197,916 101,022 96,894 2. Udumbanchola taluk 23 393,582 199,816 193,766 3. Thodupuzha taluk 19 250,755 126,406 124,349 224 207 4. Peerumade taluk 10 184,932 93,064 91,868

10. KOTTAYAM 90 1,507,353 752,358 754,995 DISTRICT

I. Meenachll taluk 26 341,478 171,301 170,177 2. Vaikom taluk 16 273,430 136,250 137,180 3. Kottayam taluk 22 419,492 209,275 210,217 4. Changanassery taluk 14 270,506 134,269 136,237 5. Kanjirappally taluk 12 202,447 101,263 101,184

I I. ALAPPUZHA 75 1,391,607 677,351 714,256 214 203 DISTRICT

I. Cherthala taluk 13 279,477 138,ltsl 141,316 2. Ambalappuzha taluk 6 117,826 58,099 59,727 214 203 3. Kuttanad taluk 14 210,004 '103,620 106,384 4. Karthlkappally taluk 17 325,478 156,687 168,791 5. Chengannur taluk II 170,780 82,247 88,533 6. Mavelikkara taluk 14 288,042 138,537 149,505

12. PA THANAM- 64 1,033,298 500,965 532,333 THITT A DISTRICT

I. Thlruvalla taluk 10 172,042 83,185 88,857 2. Malappally taluk 9 132,144 64,046 68,098 3. Rannl taluk II 209,374 103,522 105,852 4. Kozhencherry taluk 21 300,616 144,351 156,265 5. Adoor taluk 13 2.19,12.2 105,861 113,261

106 BY POPULATION SIZE

500-999 1000-1999 2000-4999 5000-9999 10000+ Populadon Population Populadon Population Popula~ion

No. Males Females No. Males Females No. Males Females No. Males Females No. Males Females

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 2,051 2,232 3 12,782 14,175 16 129,882 147,222 532 596 13 24,277 26,243 25 82,410 88,966 II 76,085 80,589 I 1,847 1,942 3 12,461 13,644 9 71,424 80,060 4 7,032 7,205 22 80,817 88,081 27 220,070 234,538

2 3,580 3,514 10 40,563 40,347 76 678,479 677,402

1,085 1,059 I 3,720 3,620 21 179,427 175,709 2 9,092 9,212 13 121,693 120,748 4,918 5,073 3 33,879 35,256 9 105,826 110,214 2,495 2,455 4 13,235 13,241 6 55,076 55,617 2 9,598 9,201 14 107,362 105,804 10 75,216 74,054

487 444 978 908 3 5,760 5,489 14 56,315 54,571 45 456,544 445,258

978 908 2 3,325 3,181 5 19,718 18,780 5 77,001 74,025 2,435 2,308 6 25,618 24,776 16 171,763 166,682 3 10,979 11,015 15 115,203 113,127 487 444 9 92,577 91,424

2 1,478 1,363 4 8,636 8,722 15 63,997 63,148 69 678,247 681,762

2,205 2,107 9 40,770 39,993 16 128,326 128,077 I 4,069 4,169 IS 132,181 133,011 2 1,478 1,363 2 6,205 6,240 18 201,592 202,614 2,468 2,485 13 131,801 133,752 2 3,963 4,130 3 12,953 12.746 7 84,347 84,308 1,137 1,005 " 16,845 17,025 69 659,155 696,023

4,651 4,701 12 133,510 136,615 5 57,885 59,524· 2 7,720 7,441 12 95,900 98,943 4,474 4,883 16 152,213 163,908 1,137 1,005 10 81,110 87,528 14 138,537 149,505

276 268 907 975 3 12,052 12,934 59 487,730 518,156

3,351 3,502 9 79,834 85,355 3,920 4,256 8 60,126 63,842 1I 103,522 105,852 276 268 4,781 5,176 19 139,294 150,821 907 975 12 104,954 112,286 107 A-3 VILLAGES CLASSIFIED

State/District/ Total less than 200 200-499 Taluk No. of Total rural population Population Population inhabited villages Persons Males Females No. Males Females No. Males Females

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

13. KOLlAM 92 1,961,530 962,181 999,349 DISTRICT

I. Karunagappally taluk 16 369,679 183,422 186,257 2. Kunnathur taluk 7 178,665 88,259 90,406 3. Pathanapuram taluk 21 368,968 181,308 187,660 4. Kottarakkara taluk 27 533,447 258,811 274,636 5. Kollam taluk 21 510,771 250,381 260,390

14. TRIVANDRUM 93 1,948,407 955,301 993,106 DISTRICT

I. Chirayinkeezl1u taluk 26 483,065 229,281 253,784 2. Nedumangaad taluk 26 524,655 256,919 267,736 3. Trivandrum taluk 12 238,659 118,763 119,896 4. Neyyartl nkara taluk 29 702,028 350,338 351,690

108 BY POPULATION SIZE

500-999 1000-1999 2000-4999 5000-9999 10000+ Population Population Population Population Population

No. Males Females No. Males Females No. Males Females No. Males Females No. Males Females

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

2 7,103 7,318 90 955,078 992,031

16 183,422 186,257 7 88,259 90,406 4,514 4,625 20 176,794 183,035 27 258,811 274,636 2,589 2,693 20 247,792,. 257,697

599 569 2,177 2,278 4 17,593 18.226 87 934,932 972,033

2,177 2,278 4,093 4,441 24 223,011 247,065 4,628 4,977 25 252,291 262,759 599 569 II 118,164 119,327 2 8,872 8,808 27 341,466 342,882

109

A4 - TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATION CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901

Fly-Leaf This table corresponds to Table A4 of 1981 and pre­ Appendix 3 : This appendix gives towns of 1981 with vious eensuses and gives the population by sex, decade vari­ less than 5000 population which have been declassified as ation and percentage decade variation for each town and rural in 1991 and their area and population in 1981. urban agglomeration during the past 90 years. The status of town and the area of towns and urban agglomerations are Appendices 2 and 3 indicates the change in rural/ given in the table. The area figures (in Sq.km) confined to urban status of places with less than 5000 population from 1961 to 1991 census. 1981 to 1991.

The UA's/towns have been arranged in the order of Appendix 4 : This appendix gives list of towns which have population size and class of towns. As in 1981 all towns and undergone change in area between 1981 and 1991, their area UA's have been grouped into the following size classes ac­ and population at the two censuses, with reason for change in cording to population size. area.

Class I - Population of 1,00,000 and above Classification of towns given in this table is based on t 991 population. An urban agglomeration was formed by tak· Class 11- Population of 50,000 to 99,999 ing into account the continuous urban spread constituting a Class III - Population of 20,000 to 49,999 town and its adjoining urban outgrowths or two or more physi­ cally contiguous towns together with continuous well recog­ Class IV ~ Population of 10,000 to 19,999 nised urban outgrowths, if any, of such towns.

Class V - Population of 5,000 to 9,999 As many towns have changed their size class since Class VI - Population less than 5,000 t 901 the class totals shown in the table for previous censuses are not the total of respective population of all towns given in The total urban population of Kerala for each census that size class in t 991. The class totals for earlier censuses from 1901 to 1991 is given at the beginning of the table and is comprise of population of all towns that existed in the con­ followed by similar figures for class I total and the towns in­ cerned census with the exception in the case of urban agglom­ cluded in class I arranged in the order of population size. Simi­ eration. The UA with its constituent units is taken as single larly the total for class II followed by figures of each town unit and classified accordingly for earlier censuses. As the included in that class arranged in the order of population and table shows the growth of urban population alone, the figures so on are given. The population figures given in earlier cen­ for previous censuses against towns which are not treated as suses in this table are so recorded in the earlier censuses and towns in those censuses are not given. If any place was treated not adjusted to conform to the present jurisdiction. as a town in some census and declassified as rural in subse­ quent censuses and again classified as town then, in such This table has been supplemented by the following four cases, trle population figures are given only for thos.e cen­ appendices. suses in which it was a town and the word 'declassified' is recorded against other census years in which it was declassi­ Appendix 1 : This appendix gives the new towns of 1991, fied. which were not treated as towns in 198 t and also the towns of 198, 1 which have been declas5ified as rural in 1991. For the new The ~~ement below gives the number of towns and towns the area as of 1991 and for declassified towns the area as their popuJ3tiolhince 1901. In this case it is to be noted that of t 98 t census are presented. The population of these areas in the constituents of an urban agglomeration where the con­ 1981 and 1991 are also shown in the appendix. This appendix stituents were reckoned as separa~e towns in their own right shows the change in ruraVurban status of places between 1981 have been classified according to their own population and nll991. not according to the population of UA. Where, however, UA's were formed with outgrowths, the population of the Appendix 2: This appendix gives places with less than outgrowth(s) was added to the town whose outgrowth it was. 5000 population treated as towns for the first time in 1991 The combined population of _vwn and outgrowth(s} was taken and their area and population. for determination of the class in the statement 1.

1 J2 75" 76' ... -'9 ~

"" )- ""

KILOME TRES 40 20 to 0 20 60

80UNDARIES: (' STATE fur...... _.::: .,. DISTRICT ...... _. ..,

.0·

E GROWTH OF PERC ENTp~~ULATION URBAN .,. c _ 100·01 & ABOVE

~ 75·01 - 100.00

STATE AVERAGE []]]] 50·01 -7500 . 60·97 D 50. 00 & BELOW D Nil

fi:\ r.. .. v~ ..... _ ..... "'" ,..... :-",_.-=_.... ttlil'Yl I " <", 'V' 'of In n· .. , '(1" .' ~ I rC', r" In ".~I

. 78·

oi- 200t • 1'15 'l:::l150 KERALA

i... '15 ( O1dlllrr iJ1vt~~:a1 ;r ~.14111l ~ DECADAL GROWTH OF 50 URBAN POPULATION 25 12" 1901 - 91 12· KilOMETRES 20 10 0 20 40 60 _so

BOUNDARIES: STATE /Ul ...... _._._ DISTRICT.

II·

<

10 10·

J:

9 ~'" KERALA "

CENSUS YEARS N _ Nogligible

7~· EAST OF GREENWICH 17·

') ~urvey '" 'In 'Q t1" ,wIth the 'ft" on of t~ , n, turi' .,' I wal rc:. of tr "Q t ~ into tf" ,I I tn d' I • of (r=) (' ,ve-rnrr ,t of Ir r ,yr' ,. 1998

STATEMENT - 1 No. of Cities and Towns and Their Population in State in 1901-1991

Census a) Number Oassl Oass ". Class III Class IV Class V Class VI All classes year b) Population 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

KERAlA STATE 1901 a 2 6 8 5 21 b 134,863 166,751 117,209 35,676 454,499 1911 a 2 8 6 8 3 27 b 141,978 216,499 90,137 62,244 13,803 524,661 1921 a 2 9 9 14 10 44 b 155,118 254,367 127,758 107,887 35,770 680,900 1931 a 2 11 15 17 8 53 b 195,289 385,422 192,463 115,416 27,740 916,330 1941 a 2 4 7 20 20 9 62 b 254,717 222,363 255,322 278,661 149,644 34,843 1,195,550 1951 a 3 5 12 29 27 18 94 b 461,933 341,332 356,274 417,469 186,237 62,587 1,825,832 1961 a 4 5 31 33 18 1 92 b 688,423 378,257 885,898 472,292 126,412 2,859 2,554,141 1971 a 5 7 40 25 9 2 88 b 1,467,046 463,704 1,101,417 350,630 74,520 9,132 3,466,449 1981 a 6 8 64 21 6 I 106 b 1,901,069 512,197 2,021,960 282,689 48,871 4,489 4,771,275 1991 a 7 20 100 53 16 1 197 b 2,430,516 1,228,037 3,067,020 821,814 128,087 4,820 ;,680,294

The above statement reveals that there is steady in- 11 is steadily increasing from 1901 onwards. Increase may crease in towns since 190 1 census until 1951. It has decreased be due to natural growth of population or industrial develop- in 1961 and 1971. In 1981 and 1991 the number of towns has ment pushing the towns into higher classes. In class V and increased. The variation in the application of concepts and VI towns there has been a considerable decrease in the number consequent de

117 STATEMENT - 2 Number of Towns and Percentage of Population in Each Class to Total Urban Population From 1901 - 1991 Total (I-VI) II 111 IV V VI Census No. of popu- No. of % of No. of % of No. of % of No. of % of No. of % of No. of % of year towns latlon towns popu- towns popu- towns popu- towns popu- towns popu- towns popu- lation lation lation lation lation lation 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 to 11 12 13 14 15

1901 21 454,499 2 29.67 6 36.69 8 25.79 5 7.85 1911 27 524,661 2 27.06 8 41.27 6 17.18 8 11.86 3 2.63 1921 44 680,900 2 22.78 9 37.36 9 18.76 14 15.85 10 5.25 1931 53 916,330 2 21.31 11 42.06 IS 21.00 17 12.60 8 3.03 1941 62 1,195,550 2 21.30 4 18.60 7 21.36 20 23.31 20 12.52 9 2.91 1951 94 1,825,832 3 25.30 5 18.70 12 19.51 29 22.86 27 10.20 18 3.43 1961 92 2,554, I 41 4 26.95 5 14.81 31 34.69 33 18.49 18 4.95 I 0.1 I 1971 88 3,466,449 5 42.32 7 13.38 40 31.77 25 10.12 9 2.15 2 0.26 1981 106 4,771,275 6 39.84 8 10.74 64 42.38 21 5.93 6 1.02 0.09 1991 197 7,680,294 7 31.65 20 15.99 100 39.93 53 10.70 16 1.67 0.06

It is observed from the above statement that the pro­ lation in class III towns. There is no steady increase in case portion of population living In class I towns is steadily in­ of class IV towns and its population. In class V, the number creasing from 1941 to 1971 and then decreases in 198 1 of towns has increased from 1901 to 195 1 and decreased and 1991. But when comparing 1941 and 1991 figures in 1961 to 1981 and then again increased in 1991. Per­ there is increase in percentage. The number of towns has centage of population increased from 1901 to 1921 and increased steadily. In case of class II, though there is in­ decreased upto 1981 and again increased in 1991. There is crease in number of towns, the percentage of population has fluctuation in number of towns and percentage of population decreased from 190 1 to 198 1 and increased in 199 1. It in case of class VI. decreased from 29.67% in 1901 to 10.74% in 1981 and increased to 15.99% in 1991. Except for 1941, the number Statement 3 given below shows the percentage of area of towns has increased from 1901 to 1991 in cases of class of town in each class to total urban area and density of popu­ III towns. But there is fluctuation in case of percentage popu- lation per sq.km in each class for 1981 and 1991 censuses. 5T A TEMENT - 3 Area of Towns in Each Class as Percentage of Urban Areas of State and Density of Population in Each Class

1991 1981 Class Area as percentage Density Area as percentage Density of total urban area per km 2 of total urban area per km 2 2 3 4 5

All classes 100.00 2283 100.00 , 2669 Class I 15.25 4738 34.79 4077 Class II 13.78 2503 9.75 .&606 Class III 53.65 1741 45.62 1864 Class IV 15.31 1597 7.41 1720 Class V 2.01 1894 2.43 772 The above statement shows that except for class I and classes I to VI. Class I towns are sub divided into three V the density of urban population in each class has decreased categories viz. in t 991 as compared with density in 1981 census. The density of population also increased generally as towns moved a) Cities with one million and above population from lower to higher class. This has been noticed in 1981 b) Cities with 5,00,000 to 9,99,999 population and 1991 censuses. Class III towns of 1991 census have c) Cities with 1,00,000 to 4,99,999 population the largest share of total urban area. The statement 4 is intended to show the movement Statement 4 gives the number of cities and towns along of cities and towns from one class to another between 1981 with population of 198 1 and 1991 census arranged in size and 1991. 118 STATEMENT - 4 Number and Population of Cities and Towns of 1981 and 1991 Censuses Arranged In Six Classes I to VI Sf,ilte Class of Towns 1991 1981 Increase or Increase or Percentage Decrease In decrease In Increase or No. of Total No. of Total No. of towns population decrease In towns Popu- towns Popu- population lation latlon 1981-1991

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

KERALA All Classes 197 7,680,294 1064,771,275 +91 +2,909,019 +60.97 Total Class I 7 2,430,516 6 1,901,069 + 1 + 529,447 + 27.85 a) Cities with one million and above population b) Cities with 5,00,000 to 2 1,282,460 551,567 +1 + 730,893 +132.51 9,99,999 population c) Cities with 1,00,000 to 5 1,148,056 5 1,349,502 -201,446 -14.93 4,99,999 population Class II 20 1,228,037 8 512,197 +12 + 715,840 + 139.76 Class III 100 3,067,020 64 2,021,960 +36 + 1,045,060 +51.69 Class IV 53 821,814 21 282,689 +32 +539,125 + 190.71 Class V 16 128,087 6 48,871 +10 + 79,216 + 162.09 Class VI 1 4,820 J 4,489 +331 +7.37

None of the cities in Kerala has a population of one Statement 5 Illustrates how cities and towns have million and over. Trivandrum Is a new addition to the moved up and down from one class to another from 1981 classification having population 5,00,000 to 9,99,999. Five to 1991. The figures In (a) Indicate the population and cities (Alappuzha, Ko"am, Kozhlkode, Palakkad and number of towns which a particular class of 1991 has re­ Thalassery) have population ranging between 1,00,000 and ceived by a process of decrement from the next higher class 4,99,999 ofwhlch Thalassery Is a new addition to the list In range(s), while those In (b) Indicate the population and 1991. There Is an addition of 12 towns In class II, 36 towns number of towns which that particular class of 1991 has In class III, 32 towns In class IV and lOin class V. The net received by a process of Increment from the next lower or addition of 36 towns is In class III resulting In the largest any other lower class range, and those In (c)indlcate the popu­ Increase (10,45,060) In the urban population of the state. lation and number of towns which that particular class of Even though there is no decrease In number of towns, there 1981 Is passing down by process of decrement to the next Is decrease In population In class I (C) I.e. cities with lower class range(s) Qf 1991 . population 1,00,000 to 4,99,999.

119 STATEMENT Movement of Cities and Towns from One

State! Cate- District gory of II III ,movement Class Num- , Population Class Num- Population (lass Num- Populatipn ber ber ber 1981 1991 1981 1991 1981 1991

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Kerala b II 75,561 103,579 III 9 356,469 479,548 IV I 17,858 20,216 N 3 150,914 177,594 N 481,206,0261,413,306 c IV 2 74,857 30,914

Kasaragod b III 43,137 50,126 N 46,176 57,165 N 2 35,348 47,165 c

Kannur b III 29,901 60,226 II 75,561 103,579 N 53,992 64,032 N 6 149,719 177,551 c IV 32,590 11,939

Wayanad b N 17,808 22,949 c

a Kozhikode b III 2 79,887 107,061 N 9 218,067 262,385

(

Malappuram b III 43,226 51,770 N 19,721 39,027 (

Palakkad b N 2 57,242 70,230 c

Thrissur b IV 17,858 20,216 N 21,483 23,510 c

Ernakulam b III 2 87,413 105,420 N 50,746 56,397 N 8 193,540 224,734 c IV 42,267 18,975

a Idukki b c

Kottayam b N 4 123,158 135,170 c

120 -5 Class to Another During 1981 - 1991 Not treared as town IV V VI in 1991

Class Num- Population Class Num- Population Class Num- Population Class Num- Population ber ber ber ber 1981 1991 1981 1991 1981 1991 1981 1991

15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

III 2 74,857 30,914 V 2 18,189 20,784 N 12 82,781 93,134 N 29 409,790 466,385 III 21,068 NA

N 16,753 13,884 N 6,566 7,886

III I 32,590 11,939 N 13 182,791 206,733

N 3 42,484 52,106

N 3 1·2,271 49,427

V I 9,303 10,559 N 3 37,362 40,774 N II 76,215 85,248

III I 42,267 18,975 N 3 42,817 53,740

v 8,886 10,225

121 STATEMENT Movement of Cities and Towns from One State/ Cate- District gory of II III

movement Class Num- Population Class Num- Population Class Num- Population ber ber ber 1981 1991 1981 1991 1981 1991

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14

a Alappuzha b N 6 150,092 167,525 c

a Pathanamthltta b III 29,225 54,780 N 2 60,386 64,372 c

a Kollam b III 43,680 50,165 N 2 58,303 56,773 c

a Trivandrum b N 4 101,159 121,915 c

a Indicates number and population of towns which a parcicular class of 1991 has received by a process of decrement from the next higher class range(s) of 1981. b Indicates number and population of towns which a particular class of 1991 has received Iri a process of Increment from the next lower or any other lower range of 1981. c Indicates number and population of towns Which a particular class of 1981 has passed down by a process of decrement to the IWxt lower or any other lower range of IWl . (Increment and decrement of towns in the statement relates to their territorial content in 1991)

122 - 5 Class to Another During 1981 - 1991

Not treated as town IV V VI in 1991

Class Num­ Population Class Num­ Population Class Num­ Population Class Num- Population ber ber ber ber 1981 1991 1981 1991 1981 1991 1981 1991

15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

N 3 45,312 49,721 III 21,068 NA

123 The above statement reveals that 2 towns have come Statement 6 gives the percentage variation of popula­ down from higher class in 1981 to lower class in J991. 13 towns tion between J98 J and 1991 of newly added towns in 1991 have moved up from lower class to higher class. 92 new toWnS census. It gives data of new towns where J 981 population is have come up in J991. available. STATEMENT - 6 Percentage Variation of Population 1981-1991 of Places which were not treated as Towns in 1981 but treated as such in 1991 Classified by size Class

Class No.of Population Population Percentage variation towns 1981 1991 in 1991. Population over 1981 ie. 1991-1981 x 100 1981

2 3 4 5

I 3 150,914 177,594 17.68 "III 48 1,206,026 1,413,306 17.19 IV 29 409,790 466,385 13.81 V 12 82,781 931,134 12.51

The newly added towns in 1991 fall in size classes II, Statement 7 gives the percentage variation in III, IV and V. Of the 92 new towns, majority belongs to populations 1981-91 for declassified towns. class Ill. The'growth rate is also higher in this group. Lower growth rate is in class V towns.

STATEMENT - 7 Percentage V;uiation of Population 1981-91 of Places treated as Towns in 1981 but removed from the list of Towns in 1991 Classified by Size Class

Number Population Population Percentage variation Class of in 1981 in 1991 in 1991 Population Towns ovP.r 198 I Population

2 3 4 5

IU 21,068 NA NA

In the State PathirappaJIy census town of J 98 J is Statement 8 shows d:le PQpulation of cities/towns declassified in 1991 ~ASuS as it was predominantly rural in which are common to 198 1 and 1991 by their size classes character. and also give change of class ftom '98 1 to 1991.

124 STATEMENT - 8 Population of Urban Cities/Towns which are common to 1981-1991 by their size class in 1981 and 1991 (This excludes new towns)

Size No. of Popula­ Population of townslCities in t 991 Dedar­ Total class towns! don 35 sified Popu­ in cities per 1981 II IIi. IV V VI in 1991 fatioo 1981 in 1981 Census in t991

2 3 5 6 7 8. 9 10 l\.

6 1,901,609 2,326,937 - 2,326,937 (6)

8 512,197 103,579 498,025 601,604 " (t) (7)

111 64 2,021,960 552,418 1,633,498 30,914 21,068 2,231,898 (10) (51) (2) (1)

IV 21 282,689 20,216 303,731 323,947 (t) (20)

V 6 48,87t 20,784 34,953 55,737 (2) (4)

VI 4,489 4,820 4,820 (I)

All 106 4,771,275 2,430,516 1,050,443 1,653,714 355,429 34,953 ..,820 21,068 5,550,943 Class (7) (17) (52) (24) (4) (1) (I)

The above statement excludes population of new towns class during 190'1 - 1991. While preparing this statement in 1991. 6 towns in Class I, 7 in Class II, 51 in Class III, 20 and urban agglomeration has been classified according to its in Class IV, 4 in Class V, and 1 in Class VI keep the same population size. To be more specific - an urban agglomera' class in 1981 and 1991. 14 towns have changed their size. tion of 199 1 has been treated as single unit in the previous class from lower to higher. Thus there is change of 1 town decades also and classified according to its derive4 population from Class II to I, 10 towns from Class III to II, 1 town from in that census. The main utility of the statement is that it Class IV to III, and 2 towns from class V to IV. gives at a glance the comparative picture of number of towns ittcluding urban agglomeration of 1991 during the last 90 The statement 9 gives the number of towns in each years which is not available from the main table A4.

125 5TA TEMENT - 9 Number of Towns of Each Class during 1901-1991

Statel 1991 1981 1971 1961 1951 1941 1931 1921 1911 1901 District

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II

All Classes

KERALA 109 62 49 41 4J 38 35 30 18 16

Kasaragod 3 3 3 2

Kannur 31 12 5 3

Wayanad

Kozhikode 6 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Malappuram 4 3 4 3 3 3

Palakkad 5 4 5 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 Thrlssur 19 12 5 S S 5 S 4 3 3 Ernakulam 10 7 5 4 5 3 3 2 ldukki 2 2

Kouayam 6 4 5 5 5 4 4 4 2 2 Alappuzha 9 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 2 2 Pathanamthitta4 2 2 2 3 2 2 Kollam 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 Trivandrum 6 5 5 4 5 5 6 6

Class I

KERALA 14 8 7 6 4 3

Kasaragod

Kannur

Wayanad

Kozhikode 2

Malappuram

Palakkad

Thrissur 2

Etnaltulam klultki

Kouayam

Alappuzha 2

Pathanamthltta- KoH-am Trivandrum

126 STATEMENT - 9 Number of Towns of Each Class during 190-1-1991 Statel 1991 1981 1971 1961 1"951 1'941 1931 1921 1911 1901 District

2 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 10 II Class II

KERALA 9 7 5 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 Kasaragod Kannur 2 WayaRad Kozhlkode MalapPUfam Palakkad Thrissur 2 Ernakulam Idukkl Kottayam 2 Alappuzha P-athanamthltta I 'Kollam Trlvandrum

Class III

KERALA 46 32 25 IS 8 4 6 .. 3 2 Kasaragod 2 Kannur 9 4 2 Wayanad Kozhlkode 3 Malappuram 2 2 3 Palakkad 3 3 3 2 Thrlssur 2 2 3 2 Emakulam 7 6 2 ldulckl Kouayam 4 2 4 2 2 2 Alappuzha 4 3 2 3 Pathanamthltta3 2 KG11am 2 2 Tt"tvandrum 5 4 3 2 STA l'EM£NT - 9 Number of Towns of Each Class during 1901-1991

Statel 1991 1981 t971 1961· 19~1 1941 1931 192/1 1911 1901 Dl5trlct

l. 2 J 4 5 b 7 8 9 10 11

Class IV

KERALA 34 t3 1(t 1-5: 17 14 11 8 6 7 Kasangt>d Kannur 19 7 2 2 W3¥"anad KQzhiltede

~~ - 2 2

P~cl 2 Thfissur 9 6 2 .. 3 2 Ernakulam 2 IdHldtl Kottayam 3 2 3 2 2 Alappuzha 2 3 3 3 PathaRamthitta- .- Kolbm TrivaAdrum 2 2

Class V

KUALA 6 2 2 2 9 8 8 8 5 3 Kasaragod Kannwr Wayanad Kozhilcode Malappuram 2 Palakkad 2 Thrissur 5 2 3 2 2 Ernakulam 3 2 2 ldukki Kottayam Alappuzha Pathanamthltta- 2 Kollam Trivandrum

128 STATEMENT - 9 Number of Towns of Each Class during 1901-1991 State/ 1991 1981 1971 1961 1951 1941 1931 1921 1911 1901 elstrict

. I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II Class VI

KERALA 5 6 6 Kasaragod Kannur Wayanad Ko1hlkode Malappuram Pal3kkad Thri"ur Ernakulam Idukki Kottayam Alappuzha Patttanamthitta- Koflam Tnvandrum 2 3 3

The statement reveals an increasing trend in the number I, the number of towns bas continuously been rising from ef lIOWllS from 190 t to 1951. The number bas gone up J 93 1 to 199 J. In all odler dasses mere is no continuity in from 16 It, 190J to 43 in 1'951. In J 961 the number of increasing or decreasing trend. towns decreased but again went up in t 97 t. In case of class

J29 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF TOWNS/URBAN OUTGROWTHS

51. Name of District Size class/ Page SI. Name of District Size classl Page No. Town 51. No of No. No. Town SI. No of No. TableA4 TableA4 (i) TOWNS 56 Kadirur Kannur 111/54 155 I Adoor Pathanamthltta 111/53 155 57 Kadungalloor Emakulam 11111 (I) 136 2 Alangad Emakulam 111/1 (e) 135 58 Kakkodl Kozhlkode 111/3(0 138 3 Alappuzha Alappuzha 1/7(a)(1) 144 59 Kalamassery Emakulam II/I (c) 135 4 Aluva Emakulam 111/1 (m) 136 60 Kalliasserl Kannur III/59 155 5 Anayara Trlvandrum 111/2 (e) 137 61 Kalpetta Wayanad 111/63 156 6 Ancharakandy Kannur 111/68 156 62 Kanhangad Kasaragod 11/13(a} 148 7 Angamaly Emakulam 111/47 154 63 Kanhlrode Kannur IV/97 158 8 Aranattukara Thrlssur IV/6(g} 143 64 Kanlmangalam Thrlssur IV/80 157 9 Arookutty Alappuzha IV/86 157 65 Kanjlrappally Kottayam 111/37 153 10 Aroor Alappuzha 111/44 154 66 Kannadlparamba Kannur IV/loo 158 ~ 11 Attingal Trlvandrum 111/42 153 67 Kannapuram Kannur IV174 157 0 12 Avlnlssery Thrlssur IV/102 158 68 Kannur Kannur 11/4(b) 139 13 Ayyanthole Thrlssur IV/6(h) 143 69 Kannur (Cantt.) Kannur VI/4(o) 141 14 Azhlkode North Kannur IVl4(k) 140 70 Karuvanthuruthy Kozhlkode IV/3(k) 139 15 Azhlkode South Kannur 11114(1) 140 71 Kasaragod Kasaragod 11/23 151 16 Beypore Kozhlkode 1I/3(b) 138 72 Kayamkulam Alappuzha 11/16 149 17 Chala Kannur IV/88 157 73 Kedamangalam Emakulam IV/l (q) 136 18 Chalakudy Thrlssur 111/28 152 74 KlIIkoliur Kollam 111/5(d} 142 19 Changanassery Kottayam 11121 150 75 Koehl Ernakulam III (a}(1) 135 20 Chavakkad Thrlssur 1II/12(a} 147 76 Kodamthuruthu Alappuzha IV/75 157 21 Chdakkara Thrlssur Vll05 159 77 Kodungallur Thrlssur 1II/15(a) 149 22 Chelora Kannur IY178 157 78 Koduvally Kozhlkode 111/3(J) 139 23 Emakulam 111152 155 79 Koduvayur Palakkad IV/17(b} 150 24 Chengannur Alappuzha 111/57 155 80 Kokkothamangalam Alappuzha IV/ll(e) 147 25 Cheranalloor Emakulam 11111 (P) 136 81 Kolazhy Thrlssur V/107 159 26 CherlYJkadavu Emakulam V/1 (s) 136 82 Kollam Kollam 1/5(a)(l) 141 27 Cherthala Alappuzha 111/11 (a) 147 83 Komalapuram Alappuzha I11I7(b) 144 28 Cherukunnu Kannur IV/8S _l57 84 Koorkkanchery Thrlssur V/6(k) 144 29 Kannur 111/62 155 85 Koothattukulam Emakulam IV/81 157 30 Cheruvannur Kozhlkode 11/3(c) 138 86 Koothuparamba Kannur 111148 154 31 Cheruvathur Kasaragod 111113(b) 148 87 Koratty Thrlssur IV/82 157 32 Chevvoor Thrlssur IV/94 1~ 88 Kothamangalam Emakulam 111139 153 33 Chirakkal Kannur 111/4(c) 140 89 Kottayam Kottayam 11/9(a){l) 146 34 Chlttur·Thathamanga~mPalakkad 1II/17(a) 150 90 Kottayam·Malabar Kannur IV/83 157 35 Chlyyaram Thrbsur 111/6(d) 143 91 Kottuvally Emakulam 1I1I1(h} 135 36 Chockll Kannur 111/43 154 92 Kozhlkode Kozhikode 1/3(a)(1) 138 37 Choornlkkara Emakulam 111/1 (g) 135 93 Kudappanakunnu Trlvandrum 11112(c) 137 38 Dhannadom Kannur 11114(g) 140 94 Kunnamangalam Kozhlkode 11113( e) 138 39 Edakkunny Thrlssur IV/6(1) 143 95 Kunnamkulam Thrlssur IV170 156 40 Edathala Emakulam 11/1 (b) 135 96 Kuttlkkattoor Kozhlkode IV/79 157

~ 41 Elayavoor Kannur II 114m 140 97 Thrlssur V/l04 159 ... 42 Eloor Emakulam 111/1 (I) 135 98 Malappuram Malappuram 1111 1O(a)(l) 146 43 Eranholl Kannur 111/4(1) 140 99 Mangad Kollam 111/5 (e) 142 44 Erattupetta Kottayan, 111/67 156 100 Manjer! Malappuram 1I/10(b} 146 45 Eravlpuram Kollam 11I/5(c) 142 101 Manleshwar Kasaragod V/106 159 46 Erlyad Thrhsur HI/15(c) 149 102 Mannanchery Alappuzha 111/60 155 47 Eruvattl Kannur IV/92 158 103 Mannarkad Palakkad 111/27 152 4& Fetoke Kozh!kode 111/3 (I) 139 104 Mannuthy Thrlssur 1II/6(c) 143 49 Guruvayoor Thrlssur 1II/12(b) 147 105 Maradu Emakulam 11111 (0 135 50 Idukkl Idukkl IV/l03 158 106 Marathakkara Thrlssur IV/98 158 51 Irlngaprom Thr~sur V/12(n 147 107 Marutharode Palakkad IV/8(c) 145 52 Irlnlalakuda Thr~sur 111/51 154 108 Mathllakam Thrlssur IV/95 158 53 Irlverl Kannur IV/91 158 109 Mattannur Kannur 111/31 152 .. 54 Kadachlra Kannur IV/84 157 11 0 Mav~lkkara Alappuzha 111/49 154 55 Kadalundl Kozhlkode III/l(d) 138 111 Mavllayl Kannur IVIIOI IsS ALPHABETICAL LIST OF TOWNS/URBAN OUTCROWTHS

SI. Name of D~trlct Size dassl Page 51. Name of Obtrlct Sizedusl Page No. Town 51. No of No. No. Town 51. Noof No. Table A4 TableA4

112 Mavoor Kozhlkode 111/56 155 167 Puzhathl Kannur 111/4(e) 140

113 Hehth~a Thrlssur 111/15(b) 149 168 Ramanattukara Kozhlkode 1I1/1(h) 139 114 Moothakunnam Emakulam 111/55 155 169 Shoranur Palakkad IUlJ2 152 115 Muhamma Alappuzha 111/1 1(c) 147 170 Tallparamaba KanlWr 11/19 ISO 116 Mulavukad Emakulam 111/1 (0) 116 171 Thalkkad Thrksur V/12(h) 147 117 Hunderl Kannur IV/77 157 172 Thalassery IUnnur It4(3) 139 118 Huvattupuma Ernakulam 111/50 154 173 Thann.~ukkom Alappuzha 111/11 (b) 147 119 Muzhappllangad Kannur IV/4(1) 140 174 Thlruvalla Pathanamthltta , 11120 150 120 Nadapuram Kozhlkode 111/40 153 175 Thlruvankulam Emakulam IVII (r) 136 121 Nadathara Thrlssur IV/6(e) 143 176 Thodu,uzha Idukkl IlInO 152 146 177 Thoaada ... 122 NatUkam Kottayam 111I9(c) Kannur 111/4(d) 140 ~ 123 Nedumangad Trivandrum 111/24 151 178 Thrlppunkhura Emakulam II/I (d) 135 124 Nemom Trtvandrum 111/2 (b) 137 179 Thrlssur Thrissur 11/6(a)(1) 142 125 Nettlssery Thrksur V/6(1) 144 180 T1rur Malappuram 111/25 151 126 NftY Mahe Kannur IVl4(m) 141 181 Trivandrum Trlvandrum 1/2(a)(l) 137 127 Neyyattlnkara Trlvandrum 111/46 154 182 Ulloor Trivandrum 111/2(d) 137 128 Nllahwar Kasaragod 11l/13(c) 148 183 Vadakara Kozhlkode 11/14(3) 148 129 Olavanna Kozhlkode 1I1/3(g) 139 184 Vadakkekara Emakulam IV173 157 1300llur Thrlssur 111/6(b) 143 185 Vad~kkevlla Kollam 11/5(b) 142 131 Ottappalam Palakkad 111129 152 186 Valkoln Kottayam 111/66 156 132 Paduvlla~ Kannur IV176 157 187 Vakkom Trivandrum 111/69 156 133 P~al Kottayam 111165 156 188 Valapattanam Kannur V/4(n) 141 134 Palakkad Palakkad 1/8(a)(l) 145 189 Varam Kannur IV/93 158 135 P~k'ery Thrlssur V/l08 149 190 Varappuzha Emakulam III/I (n) 136 136 P~llkkuMU Kannur 11114(h) 140 191 Varbla Trlvandrum 111134 153 137 Paluval Thr~sur VlI2(1) 147 192 Vaya~r Alappuzha 111/11 (d) 147 138 Pandalam Pathanamthltta 111/35 153 193 Vazhakkala Emakulam 111/1 (J) 135 139' Pannlyannur Kannur IV/71 157 194 Venmenad Thrlssur V/12(e) 147 140 Pantheeramkavu Kozhlkode IV/3(1) 139 195 Vllilappally Kozhlkode 1I1/14(b) 148 141 Papplnlsserl Kannur 111145 - 154 196 Vilvattom Thrlssur IV/6(O 143 142 Paravoor Kollam 111/36 153 197 Vlyyur Thrlssur IV/6(j) 143 143 Paravur Ernakulam 11111 (k) 135 144 Pathanamthltta Pathanamthltta 111/38 153 (Ii) URBAN OUTGROWTHS 145 Pathlrlyad Kannur IV/89 158 1 Anakkayam Malappuram II 1O(a)(lI) 146 146 Pattlom Kannur IV/72 157 2 Chembukavu Thrlssur 1/6(a)(lv) 143 147 Pavaratty Thrlssur IV/12(c) 147 3 Cheruvlkkal Trtvandrum 112 (a)(vIJ 137 148 Payyannur Kannur 11/18 150 4 Elathur Kozhlkode 1/3(a)(lI) 138 149 Perakam Thrissur V/12(d) 147 5 Hemamblka Nagar Palakkad 1/8(a)(lI) 145 150 Peralasserl Kannur Iv/S7 157 6 Kakkanad Ernakulam 111 (3)(11) 135 151 Peringathur Kannur 111/41 153 7 Kalarkode Alappuzha II7(a)(lII) 144 152 Perlnthalmanna Malappuram 111/33 153 8 Kazhakkoottam Trlvandrum 1/2(a)(vlll) 137

~ 153 Perole Kasaragod IV/13(d) 148 9 Kovalam Trlvandrum II2(a)(v) 137 (1,1 154 Perumanna Kozhlkode 111/64 156 10 Munaakkal Kallam 1/5(a)(lII) 142 I S5 Perumbalkad Kottayam 111/9(b) 146 11 Neendakara Kollam 1/5/(a)(lv) 142 156 Perumbavoor Ernakulam 111/61 155 12 Perlngavu Thr~sur 1/6(a)(lI) 143 157 Pinarayl Kannur IV/90 158 13 Poonkunnam Thrlssur 1/6(a)(v) 143 1sa Plravom Emakulam III/58 155 14 Punnapra Alappu2ha 1/7(a)(lI) 144 159 Ponnanl Malappuram 11/22 151 15 Puthlyangadl KOlhlkode 1/3(a)(iII) 138 160 Pookode Thrlssur V/12(g) 147 16 Sakthlkulangara Kollam 1/5(3)(11) 142 t61 .Pottore ThrkM V/l09 159 17 Sreekatyam Ttlvandrum 1/2(a)(vlf) 137 162 Pullazhr Thrlssur IV/96 158 18 Thlruvallam TrlVa'hdrum 1/2(a)(lv) 137 163 Kollam 111126 152 19 Thrlssur Thrlssur 1/6(3)(111) 143 164 Puthukkad Thrlssur IV/99 158 20 Thumba Trlvahdrum 1/2(3)(11) 137 165 Puthunagaram Palakkad IV/17(c) 150 21 Vattlyoorkavu Trlvandrum 1/2(a)(lII) 137 1M Puthupparlyaram Palakkad 1I1/8(b) 145 22 Vllayapuram Kottayam 1/9(a)(lI) 146 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN t 99 t WITH VARIATION SINCE t 90 t SI. Name of Town/ State/ Status of 1\rea in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No.Urban District Year town kmz Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II ALL CLASSES (16 Urban AgglomeratIons and 93 Towns)

ALL TOWNS AND URBAN KERAlA 1901 454,499 232,753 221,746 AGGLOMERATIONS 1911 524,661 + 70,162 + 15.44 268,100 256,561 1921 680,900 + 156,239 +29.78 347,824 333,076 1931 916,330 + 235,430 +34.58 466,646 449,684 1941 1,195,550 + 279,220 +30.47 604,130 591,420 1951 1,825,832 + 630,282 +52.72 916,671 909,161 1961 1,117.69 2,554,141 + 728,309 +39.89 1,282,759 1,271,382 1971 1,341.24 3,466,449 + 912,308 +35.72 1,735,501 1,730,948 1981 1,787.56 4,771,275 + 1,304,826 +37.64 2,360,350 2,410,925 1991 3,364.80 7,680,294 +2,909,019 +60.97 3,776,207 3,904,087

CLASS I (100,000 and above Population) (14 Urban Agglomerations)

ALL TOWNS AND URBAN KERALA 1901 AGGlOMERA TrONS 1911 1921 1931 132,615 69,597 63,018 1941 425,951 + 293,336 +221.19 218,733 207,218 1951 697,537 + 271,586 +63.76 356,773 340.]64 1961 401.99 1,362,771 + 665,234 + 95.37 692,709 670,062 1971 509.50 2,012,197 + 649,426 + 47.65 1,015,162 997,035 1981 838.51 3,094,386 + 1,082, 189 + 53.78 1,539,282 1,555,104 1991 1669.69 5,095,524 +2,001,138 + 64.67 2,517,044 2,578,480

1. Koehi Urban Emakulam 1901 74,198 39,998 34,200 Agglomeration 1911 87,353 + 13,155 + 17.73 47,205 40,148 1921 91,975 + 4,622 + 5.29 49,253 42,722 1931 132,615 + .40,640 + 44.19 69,597 63,018 1941 164,985 + 32,370 + 24.41 86,021 78,964 1951 211,729 + 46,744 + 28.33 109,503 102,226 1961 90.62 333,882 + 122,153 + 57.69 172,167 161,715 1971 147.95 554,298 +220,416 + 66.02 283,935 270,363 1981 261.72 824,926 +270,628 + 48.82 414,840 410,086 1991 373.27 1,140,605 +315,679 + 38.27 571,169 569,436

(a) Koehl Ernakulam 1901 61,236 33,227 28,009 1911 64,726 + 3,490 + 5.70 35,333 29,393 1921 68,493 + 3,767 + 5.82 36,793 31,700 1931 99,101 + 30,608 +44.69 52,238 46,863 1941 126,456 + 27,355 +27.60 66,304 60,152 1951 166,068 + 39,612 +31.32 86,521 79,547 1961 65.20 277,723 + 111,655 +67.23 143,895 133,828 1971 94.88 439,066 + 161,343 +58.09 224,992 214,074 1981 94.88 513,249 + 74,183 +16.90 258,323 254,926 1991 109.47 582,588 + 69,339 + 13.51 292,429 290,159

134 A-4 TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATIOtfSINCE 1901 51. Name of Town/ State/ Status of Area In Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No.Urban District Year town 1an2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 (i) Koehi' Ernakulam 1901 61,236 33,227 28,009 1911 64,726 + 3,490 + 5.70 35,333 29,393 1921 68,493 + 3,767 + 5.82 36,793 31,700 1931 99,101 + 30,608 +44.69 52,238 46,863 1941 126,456 + 27,355 +27.60 66,304 60,152 1951 166,068 + 39,612 +31.32 86,521 79,547 1961 65.20 277,723 +111,655 +67.23 143,895 133,828 1971 c 94.88 439,066 +161,343 +58.09 224,992 214,074 1981 c 94.88 5i3,249 +74,183 +16.90 258,323 254,926 1991 c 94.88 564,589 + 51,340 +10.00 283,432 281,157

(1I) Kakkanad OG2 Ernakulam 1991 14.59 17,999 8,997 9,002 (b) Ed,1(113/3 Ernakulam 1991 CT 28.92 56,397 28,138 28,259 (c) Kalamassery3 Ernakulam 1971 CT 12.77 17,957 9,505 8,452 1981 CT 27.00 43,767 +25,810 +143.73 22,801 20,966 1991 M 27.00 54,342 + 10,575 + 24.16 27,789 26,553 (d) Thrlppunithura Ernakulam 1911 CT 4,976 2,702 2,274 1921 CT 4,761 - 215 - 4.32 2,426 2,3J5 1931 CT 10,717 + 5,956 +125.10 5,404 5,313 1941 CT 12,606 + 1,889 + 17.63 6,373 6,233 1951 CT 11,066 -1,540 -12.22 5,450 5,616 1961 CT 9.63 14,444 + 3,378 + 30.53 7,007 7,437 1971 CT 13.66 28,090 + 13,646 + 94.48 13,825 14,265 1981 M 18.69 43,646 + 15,556 + 55.38 21,652 21,994 1991 M 18.69 51,078 + 7,432 + 17.03 25,286 25,792 (e) A/3ng3d Ernakulam 1991 CT 21.02 35,620 17,719 17,901 (f) "Maradu Ernakulam 1981 CT 12.35 28,749 14,306 14,443 1991 CT 12.34 34,995 + 6,246 + 21.73 17,487 17,508 (g) Choomikk3r3' Ernakulam 1991 CT 17.02 34,837 17,694 17,143 (h) "Kottuvally Ernakulam 1981 CT 21.00 30,665 15,191 15,474 1991 CT 21.00 34,457 + 3,792 + 12.37 16,795 17,662

(I) E100r' Ernakulam 1971 CT 10.43 20,725 11,192 9,533 1981 CT 20.73 46,856 +26,131 +126.08 23,976 22,880 1991 M 14.21 34,455 -12,401 -26.47 17,953 16,502 Ernakulam 1991 CT 12.87 33,167 16,734 16,433

(k) Paravur Ernakulam 1901 CT 12,962 6,771 6,191 1911 CT 13,782 + 820 +6.33 7,067 6,715 1921 M 11,949 -1,833 -13.30 6,320 5,629 1931 M 15,176 + 3,227 +27.01 7,686 7,490

Koehl: Kochi Corporation was formed on 1st November, 1967 by Including , , , Ernakulam, Willlngdon Islands and Tnrippunithura (part) town of 196 1 census and some adjoining rural area. However, the population of Kochi for 1961 and earlier censuses have been built up by adding the population of five towns viz. Fort Koehl, Mattancherry, Edappally, Emakulam and Willlngdon Island which have been entirely merged into it. 2. The entire Thrikkakara South village of Kanayannur taluk ~ treated as an urban outgrowth of Kochi urban agglomeration in 1981. In 1991 this has been bifurcated into VazhakkaiaC. T. and Kakkand (O.G.).lt's 1981 population 38318 (M-l ?230, F-I9088) has been merged in Koehi UAin 1991. 1 In the 1971 census, Kalamassery town comprised of only a portion of village whereas in 1981 the entire North Village was treated as town 4. Kuttlkkattukara of Kadungallur village of Paravur tal uk which formed part of Elpor town of 1971 census has been declassified as rural In 1981. Istead, the entire Varapuzha village was treated as a town with the n~ Eloor. In 1991 census this has been bifurcated into two towns viz. Eloor (M) and Varapuzha C.T. 135 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 SI. Name of Town/ State/ Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No.Urban District Year town km 2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II

1941 M 16,179 + 1,003 + 6.61 8,067 8,112 1951 M 18,241 + 2,062 + 12.74 8,907 9,334. 1961 M 8.62 20,852 + 2,611 +14.31 10,136 10,716 1971 M 9.03 24,393 + 3,541 +16.98 11,958 12,435 1981 M 9.03 2.6,2.88 + 1,895 + 7.77 12.,932. \3,356 1991 M 9.02 27,906 + 1,618 +6.15 13,596 14,310

(I) Kadunga/loor EmakulOllll 1991 CT 14.66 25,433 12,814 12,619 (m) Aluva Emakulam 191 I M 3,869 2,103 1,766 1921 M 6,772 + 2,903 +75.03 3,714 3,058 1931 M 7,62.1 + 849 + 12.54 4,269 3,352 1941 M 9,74<1- + 2,123 +27.86 5,277 4,467 1951 M 16,354 + 6,610 +67.84 8,625 7,729 1961 M 7.17 20,863 + 4,509 +27.57 11,129 9,734 1971 M 7.18 24,067 + 3,204 + 15.36 12,463 11,604 1981 M 7.18 2.5,278 + 1,211 + 5.03 12,499 12,779 1991 M 7.\8 2.4,774 - 504 -1.99 12,305 12,469 (n) Varappuzha Emakulam 1991 CT 7.74 2.2,514 10,993 11,521 (0) *Ml,llawkad Emakulam 1981 CT 19.27 21,397 10,652 10,745 1991 CT 19.27 22,322 + 925 + 4.32 11,017 11,305 (p) Cheranalloor Emakulam 1991 CT 10.59 21,407 10,606 10,801 (q) Kedamanga/am Emakulam 1991 CT 7.66 18,500 8,989 9,511 (r) Thiruvankulam Emakulam 1991 CT 10.49 18,412 9,188 9,224 (s) *Cheriyakadawl Emakulam 1981 CT 4.13 6,713 3,278 3,435 1991 CT 4.12 7,401 + 688 +10.25 3,637 3,764

2. Trivandrum Urban Trivandrum 1901 57,882 29,992 27,890 Agglomeration 1911 63,561 + 5,679 + 9.81 32,292 31,269 1921 72,784 + 9,223 +14.51 37,344 35,440 1931 96,016 + 23,232 +31.92 49,392 46,624 1941 128,365 + 32,349 i-33.69 65,644 62,721 1951 191,343 + 62,978 i-49:06 97,802 93,541 1961 88.73 297,819 + 106,476 +55.65 151,307 146,512 1971 87.11 435,473 + 137,654 +46.2.2 218,989 216,484 1981 93.74 520,125 + 84,652 +19.44 259,239 260,886 1991 178.20 826,225 +306,100 +58.85 409,659 416,566

(al Trivandrum Trivandrum 190 I 57,882 29,992 27,890 1911 63,561 + 5,679 + 9.81 32,292 31,269 1221 72,784 + 9,223 +14.51 37,344 35,440 1931 96,016 + 23,232 +31.92 49,392 46,624 1941 128,365 + 32,349 +33.69 65,644 62,721 1951 186,931 + 58,566 +45.62 95,632 91,299 1961 44.52 239,815 + 52,884 +28.29 122,318 117,497 1971 74.93 409,627 +169,812 +70.81 206,096 203,531 1981 85.60 499,531 + 89,904 +21.95 249,026 250,505 1991 141.53 699,872 + 200,341 + 40. II 347,094 352,778

I The rural portion of village of Koehl taluk was ueated as a town In 1981 with the name Cherlyakadavu. tJ6 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 51. Name of Town/ State/ Status of Area 'in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females NO.Urban District Year town km2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 ·6 7 8 9 10 1 1

(I) Trlvandrum ' Trlvandrum 1901 MC 57,882 29,992 27,890 1911 MC 63,561 + 5,679 + 9.81 32,292 31,269 1921 M 72,784 + 9,223 +14.51 37,344 35,440 1931 M 96,016 + 23,232 +31.92 49,392 46,624 1941 M 128,365 + 32,349 +33.69 65,644 62,721 1951 C 186,931 + 58,566 +45.62 95,632 91,299 1961 C 44.52 239,815 + 52,884 +28.29 122,318 117,497 1971 C 74.93 409,627 + 169,812 +70.81 206,096 203,531 1981 C 74.93 483,086 + 73,459 +17.93 240,928 242,158 1991 C 74.93 524,006 + 40,920 + 8.47 259,672 264,334 (iI) Thumba OG2 Trlvandrum 1981 10.67 16,445 8,098 8,347 1991 16.03 33,880 + 17,435 + 106.02 16,780 17,100 (iii) Vattiyoorkavu OG Trivandrum 1991 10.61 33,653 16,639 17,014 (Iv) Thlruvallam OG Trivandrum 1991 12.69 31,868 15,831 16,037 (v) Kovalam OG Trivandrum 1991 4.68 25,419 13,051 12,368 (vi) Cheruvlkkal OG Trivandrum 1991 8.70 21,286 10,468 10,818 (vii) Sreekaryam OG Trivandrum 1991 8.87 17,245 8,509 8,736 (viii) Kazhakkoottam 0(, Trlvandrum 1991 5.02 12,515 6,144 6,371

(b) Nemom Trlvandrum 1951 CT 4,412 2,170 2,242 1961 CT 33.00 35,516 + 31,104 +704.99 17,788 17,728 1971 CT 12.18 25,846 - 9,670 - 27.23 12,893 12,953 1981 Declassified 1991 CT 12.87 42,559 21,021 21,538 (c) Kudappanakunnu Trlvandrum 1991 CT 7.69 33,534 16,506 17,028 (d) Ulloor Trlvandrum 1991 CT 7.97 25,719 .13,013 12,706 J (e) Anayara \ Trlvandrum 1961 CT 11.21 22,488 11,201 11,287 1971 DeclassIfied 1981 CT 8.14 20,594 10,213 10,381 1991 CT 8.14 24,541 + 3,947 +19.17 12,025 12,516

3. Kozhlkode Kozhlkode 1901 76,981 39,986 36,995 Urban Agglome- 1911 7(417 + 1,436 + 1.87 40,680 37,737 ration 1921 82,334 + 3,917 + 5.00 42,527 39,807 1931 99,273 + 16,939 + 20.57 51,030 48,243 1941 132,601 + 33,328 + 33.57 67,068 65,533 1951 178,187 + 45,586 + 34.38 89,830 88,357 1961 87.38 299,610 + 121,423 + 68.14 151,708 147,902 1911 146.67 458,016 + 158,406 + 52.87 230,045 227,971 1981 138.35 546,058 + 88,042 + 19.22 272,064 273,994 1991 232.95 801,190 +255,132 + 46.72 396,189 405,001 (a) Kozhlkode Kozhlkode 1901 76,981 39,986 36,995 1911 78,417 + 1,436 + 1.87 40,680 37,737

Poonthura town of 1951 (Populadon: 5,662, M - 2,915; F-2,747) was merged with the Muttathura of J961 census. Pans of Kadabmpally and Mattathura towns of 1961 have been Included In Trlvandrum Corporadon while the remaining pans are declassified as rural In 1971. 2 This urban outgrowth comprises of Vayakkalam and Koliuru Karas of Atdpra village. These bras were part of Atdpra town of 1961 but dklasslfted as rural In 1971. 1 Poonthura town of 1951 (1'qIuIadon: 5,662, M-2,915; F-2,747) was merged with !he Kattathuraof 1961 Census. Pans of Kadakampally and Muttathura townS of 1961 have been Included In Trlvandrum Corporadon while the remaining pans are declassified as rural In 1971. In 1981 Census again Kadakampally re-appeared as a town and In 1991 this Is renamed as Anayara CT. 137 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901

51. Name of Town/ State/ Staws of Area In Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No.Urban District Year town km 2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 .3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II

1921 82,334 + 3,917 + 5.00 42,527 39,807 1931 99,273 + 16,939 + 20.57 51,030 48,243 19.41 126,352 + 27,079 + 27.28 63,998 62,354 1951 158,724 + 32,372 + 25.62 80,069 78,655 1961 44.00 220,943 + 62.219 + 39.20 112,025 108,918 1971 82.67 333,979 + 113,036 +51.16 168,009 165,970 1981 82.67 394,447 + 60,468 + 18.11 196,628 197,819 1991 96.25 456,618 + 62,171 + 15.76 225,073 231,545

(I) Kozhikode' Kozhikode 1901 MC 76,981 39,986 36,995 1911 MC 78,417 + 1,436 + 1.87 40,680 37,737 1921 M 82,334 + 3,917 + 5.00 42,527 39,807 1931 M 99,273 + 16,939 + 20.57 51,030 48,243 1941 M 126,352 +27,079 + 27.28 63,998 62,354 1951 M 158,724 + 32,372 + 25.62 80,069 78,655 1961 M 44.00 220,943 + 62,219 + 39.20 112,025 108,918 1971 C 82.67 333,979 + 113,036 +51.16 168,009 165,970 1981 C 82.67 394,447 + 60,468 + 18.11 196,628 197,819 1991 C 82.68 419,831 + 25,384 ." + 6.44 207,016 212,815

(ii) Elathur OG Kozhlkode 1991 13.54 36,410 17,862 18,548 (iii) Puthiyangadi OG Kozhlkode 1991 0.03 377 195 182 (b) Beypore2 Kozhikode 1961 CT 17.48 34,415 17,753 16,662 1971 CT 10.41 27,688 - 6,727 -19.55 14,032 13,656 1981 CT 10.41 40,946 + 13,258 + 47.88 20,326 20,620 1991 CT 10.42 56,505 + 15,559 + 38.00 27,829 28,676

(c) CheruvannurJ Kozhlkode 1971 CT 10.31 28,522 14,379 14,143 1981 CT 10.31 38,941 + 10,419 + 36.53 19,351 19,590 1991 CT 10.31 50,556 + 11,615 + 29.83 25,032 25,524

(d) Kadalundi Kozhlkode 1961 CT 5.28 12,287 5,890 6,397 1971 CT 5.33 15,555 + 3268 + 26.60 7,542 8,013 1981 Declassified 1991 CT 11.83 35,171 17,084 18,087

(e) Kunnamangalam Kozhlkode 1971 CT 24.42 21,756 10,789 10,967 r981 Declasslfed 1991 CT 24.26 34,228 17,812 16,416

(f) KJkkodi Kozhlkode 1991 CT 18.59 30,024 14,785 15,239

I The present Kozhlkode Corporation Includes Kozhikode, Edakkad, ParayancheJi, Nellikkode, Kommerl and part of Puthlyangadi towns of 1961 and some adjoining rural areas. However, the population of Kozhikode for 1961 was built up by adding the population of the towns Edakkad, Parayzncheri, kozhikode, Nelllkkode and KommeJi Which has been entirely merged Into It. Of these except Kozhkode all others were new towns of· 1961. 2. . Part of Beypore town of 1961 Is Included in Cheruvannur town of 1971 census. 1 See note under 2. above.

138 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 SI. Name of Town/ State/ Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females NO.Urban District Year town km 2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II

(g) Olavanna ' Kozhlkode 1961 CT 7.10 7,841 3,955 3,886 1971 Declassified 1981 CT 21.43 34,004 16,998 17,006 1991 CT 11.33 28,382 - 5,622 - 16.53 13,967 14,415

(h) Ramanattukara Kozhlkode 1991 CT 11.71 25,672 12,866 12,806

(I) Feroke Kozhlkode 1941 CT 6.249 3,070 3,179 1951 CT 19,463 + 13,214 +211.46 9,761 9,702 1,961 CT 13.52 24,124 + 4,661 + 23.95 12,085 12,039 1971 CT 13.53 30,516 + 6,392 + 26.50 15,294 15,222 1981 CT 13.53 37,720 + 7,204 + 23.61 18,761 18,959 1991 CT 7.58 25,511 -12,209 - 32.37 12,731 12,780

(J) Koduvally Kozhikode 1991 CT 14.61 23,524 11,639 11,885

(k) Karuvanthuruthy Kozhlkode 1991 CT 5.95 18,983 9,375 9,608

(I) Pantheeramkavu Kozhlkode 1991 CT 10.11 16,016 7,996 8,020

4. Kannur Urban Kannur 1901 55,694 27,368 28,326 Agglomeration 1911 58,215 + 2,521 + 4.53 28,516 29,699 1921 55,281 - 2,934 - 5.04 26,249 29,032 1931 64,585 + 9,304 + 16.83 31,145 33,440 1941 70,969 + 6,384 + 9.88 35, t53 35,816 1951 82,471 + 11,502 + 16.21 40,052 42,419 1961 60.93 169,335 + 86,864 + 105.33 84,382 84,953 1971 30.21 135,967 - 33,368 -19.71 68,199 67,768 1981 145.09 417,185 +281,218 +206.83 204,709 212,476 1991 145.07 463,962 + 46,777 + 11.21 225,526 238,436

(a) Thalassery Kannur 1901 M 27,883 13,657 14,226 1911 M 29,258 + 1,375 + 4.93 14,275 14,983 1921 M 27,576 -1,682 - 5.75 13,090 14,486 1931 M 30,349 + 2,773 +10.06 14,211 16,138 1941 M 36,320 + 5,971 +19.67 18,580 17,740 1951 M 40,040 + 3,720 +10.24 19,360 20,680 1961 M 7.80 44,763 + 4,723 + 11.80 21,899 22,864 1971 M 15.35 68,759 +23,996 +53.61 33,738 35,021 1981 M 15.35 75,561 + 6,802 + 9.89 36,886 38,675 1991 M 23.96 103,579 +28,018 +37.08 49,879 53,700

(b) Kannur Kannur 1901 MC 27,811 13,711 14,100 1911 MC 28,957 +1,146 .. 4.12 14,241 14,716 1921 MC 27,705 -1,252 4.32 13,159 14,546 1931 MC 34,236 +6,531 +23.57 16,934 17,302 1941 MC 34,649 + 413 + 1.21 16,573 18,076

1 Olavanna, comprising of Olavanna amsom of Kozhlkode taluk was first tre~eed as a eown In 1961 and Ie was declassified as rural in 1971. In 1981 jurlsdlcelon of cown comprised of ehe entire reorganized Olav anna village. In 1991 Ie has been splle up Inco cwo eowns viz. Olavanna C.T. and Pancheeramkavu C. T. 139 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIA TION ~INCE 1901 51. Name of Town/ State/ Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No.Urban District Year town km 2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

1951 MC 42,431 +7,782 +22.46 20,692 21,739 1961 M 10.83 46,101 +3,670 + 8.65 23,185 22,916 1971 M 11.03 55,162 +9,061 +19.65 27,907 27,255 1981 M 11.03 60,904 +5,742 +10.41 29,937 30,967 1991 M 11.03 65,238 +4,334 + 7.12 32,043 33,195

(c) Chlrakkal' Kannur 1961 CT 5.41 12,285 6,118 6,167 1971 Declassified 1981 CT 13.56 36,124 17,916 18,208 1991 CT 13.56 39,838 +3,714 +10.28 19,370 20,468

(d) *Thottlda Kannur 1981 CT 18.26 29,474 14,244 15,230 1991 CT 18.26 33,261 +3,787 + 12.85 15,880 17,381

(e) Puzhathi Kannur 1961 CT 9.12 15,214 7,651 7,563 1971 Declassified 1981 CT 9.17 26,099 13,397 12,702 1991 CT 9.17 30,616 +4,517 +17.31 15,559 15,057

(f) Elayavoor2 Kannur 1961 CT 3.08 6,345 3,077 3,268 1971 Declassified 1981 CT 11.57 25,481 12,389 13,092 1991 CT 11.57 29,239 +3,758 + 14.75 13,938 15,301

(g) 'Dharmadom Kannur 1981 CT 10.66 23,143 11,373 11,770 1991 CT 10.66 26,705 +3,562 +15.39 12,802 13,903

(h) Pailikkunnu l Kannur 1961 CT 4.82 11,810 5,838 5,972 1971 Declassified 1981 CT 6.90 22,101 10,883 11,218 1991 CT 6.90 25,057 +2,956 + 13.37 12,098 12,959

(I) *franholi Kannur 1981 CT 10.08 21,521 10,292 11,229 1991 CT 10.08 23,584 +2,063 + 9.59 11,118 12,466

(J) Azhlkode South' Kannur 1961 CT 16.03 24,212 12,204 12,008 1971 De classlfted 1981 CT 16.05 37,273 18,563 18,710 1991 CT 7.40 23,077 -1",1~ -38.09 11,170 11,907

(k) Azhikode North· Kannur 1991 CT 8.64 19,277 9,408 9,869

(I) *Muzhappllangad Kannur 1981 CT ,7.19 14,345 - 6,940 7,405

Chlrakkal town of 1961 comprised of Chlrakkal desom was declassl~ as rural In 1971. In 1981, !he e,nrIQ reol'lanlsed Chlrakkal village was ueated as a town. 2. Portion of Elayavoer village was nared as a toWn In 1961 wldllhe R3nM! ~, but dItdassIRt41D 1911 : ..... tn I" 1 lIle entire village Is utated as a toWn wId\ lIle name Elayavoor.i 1 desom ofPallikannu village was treated as a town In 1961 with the name Chalad but declasslfted In 1'11. Alain In 1981 the entire Palllkunnu village Is treated as a town wllIl lIle name palllkunna. 4 Azhlkode was a town In 1961 but declassilled In 1971 and again ueated as a town In 198 I. In 1991 It Is bifurcated Ioto Azhlkode North and Azhlkode South.

140 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS ClASSIFIED BY POPULATION I"", 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 SI. Name or Town! State! Slaws or Area in Persons Decade Percentap! Males Females No. Urban District Year town lan2 Variadon Decade Aalomeration Varladon

2 3 ... 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1991 CT 7.19 18,812 + 4,167 +31.14 9,072 9,740

(m) "New Mahe Kannur 1981 CT 11.44 32,590 15,166 17,424 1991 C1' 2.82 11,939 -20,651 -6337 5,585 6,354

(n) Valapattanam l Kannur 1961 CT 2.05 5,716 2,923 2,823 1971 CT 2.04 7,296 + 1,550 +26.98 3,718 3,578 1981 CT 2.04 8,080 + 784 +10.75 4,091 3,989 1991 CT 2.04 8,920 + 840 +10.40 4,580 4,340

(0) Kannu~ Kannur 1961 Cann. 1.79 2,859 1,487 1,372 Cantooment 1971 Cann. 1.79 4,750 +1,891 +66.14 2,836 1,914 1981 Cann. 1.79 4,489 - 261 -5.49 2,632 1,857 1991 Cann. 1.79 4,820 + 331 +7.37 3,024 1,796

5. Kallam Urban Aglomeradon Ko"am 1901 15,691 8,095 7,596 1911 18,839 + 3,148 +20.06 9,649 9,190 1921 25,135 + 6,296 +33.42 13,065 12,070 1931 33,739 + 8,604 +34.23 17,381 16,358 1941 49,498 + 15,759 +46.7.1 25,314 24,184 1951 66,126 + 16,628 +33.59 34,271 31,855 1961 27.55 123,291 + 57,165 +86.45 63,168 60,123 1971 29.69 166,079 + 42,788 +34.70 83,573 82,506 1981 42.97 258,552 + 92,473 +55.68 128,506 130,016 1991 67.65 362,572 +104,020 +40.23 179,816 182,726

(a) Kallam Kollam 1901 15,691 8,095 7,596 1911 18,839 + 3,148 +20.06 9,649 9,190 1921 25,135 + 6,296 +33.42 13,065 12,070 1931 33,739 + 8,604 +34.23 17,381 16,358 1941 49,498 + 15,759 +46.71 25,314 24,184 1951 66,126 +16,628 +33.59 34,271 31,855 1961 16.34 91,018 +24,892 +37.64 46,807 44,211 1971 18.48 124,208 +33,190 +36.47 62,545 61,663 1981 18.48 '137,943 +13,735 + 11.06 68,5n 69,366 1991 41.29 221,007 +83,064 +60.22 109,849 111,158

(I) Kollam Kollam 1901 Me 15,691 8,095 7,596 191. M 18,839 +3,148 +20.06 9,649 9,190 1921 M 25,135 + 6,296 +33.42 13,065 12,070 1931 M 33,739 + 8,604 +34.23 17,381 16,358 1941 M 49,498 + 15,759 +46.71 25,314 24,184 1951 M 66,126 + 16,628 +33.59 34,271 31,855 1961 M 16.34 91,018 +24,892 +37.64 46,807 44,211 1971 M 18.48 124,208 +33,190 +36.47 62,545 61,663

1 Valapattanam toWn was known as II.... min 1961. 2 It Is only In 1961 that Kannur Munlclpalky and Cantonment have been treated as sep;nte ~ In the pnMous censuses these formed one toWn only, though the cantonment was separated from the municipal Omits as early as I st January, 1938. Hence &om 190 I to 1951, Its popWdon has been Included In the fiaureof Kannur munldpal town.

141 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE t 90 t SI. Name of Town/ State/ Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females NO.Urban District Year town km2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 1981 M 18.48 137,943 + 13,735 + I 1.06 68,577 69,366 1991 M 18.48 139,852 + 1,909 + 1.38 69,340 70,512

(tI) Sakthlkulangara OG Kollam 1991 9.17 44,451 22,254 22,197 (ill) Mundakkal OG Kollam 1991 3.45 21,280 10,528 10,752 (Iv) Neendakara OG Kollam 1991 10.19 15,424 7,727 7,697

(!:I) °Vadakkevlla Kollam 1981 CT 8.55 43,680 21,828 21,852 1991 CT 8.55 50,165 + 6,485 + 14.85 24,898 25,267

(c) °Eravlpuram Kollam 1981 CT 10.06 47,274 23,505 23,769 1991 CT 6.60 34,627 -12,647 -26.75 17,258 17,369

(d) KlIikollur' Kollam 1961 CT 11.21 32,273 16,361 15,912 1971 CT 11.21 41,871 + 9,598 +29.74 21,028 20,843 1981 Declassified 1991 CT 4.66 28,456 13,976 14,480

(e) Mangad Kollam 1991 CT 6.55 28,317 13,865 14,452

6. Thrlssur Urban Thrlssur 1901· 15,585 7,932 7,653 Agglomeration 1911 23,574 + 7,989 + 51.26 12,089 11,485 1921 27,897 + 4,323 + 18.34 13,783 14,114 1931 45,658 + 17,761 + 63.67 22,840 22,818 1941 62,499 + 16,841 + 36.89 30,982 31,517 1951 75,342 + 12,843 + 20.55 36,782 38,560 1961 12.67 73,038 - 2,304 - 3.06 36,305 36,733 1971 21.10 102,198 +29,160 + 39.92 50,114 52,084 1981 79.28 239,614 +137,416 + 134.46 117,317 122,297 1991 88.42 275,053 + 35,439 +14.79 134,459 140,594

(a) Thrissur Thrissur 1901 15,585 7,932 7,653 1911 23,574 + 7,989 + 51.26 12,089 11,485 1921 27,897 + 4,323 + 18.34 13,783 14,114 1931 45,658 + 17,761 + 63.67 22,840 22,818 1941 57,524 + 11,866 + 25.99 28,574 28,950 1951 69,515 + 11,991 + 20.85 33,929 35,586 1961 12.67 73,038 +3,523 +5.07 36,305 36,733 1971 12.65 76,241 + 3,203 + 4.39 37,345 38,896 1981 13.55 79,886 + 3,645 + 4.78 38,518 41,368 1991 18.47 81,798 + 1,912 + 2.39 39,233 .42,565

(I) Thrissur Thrissur 1901 CT 15,585 7,932 7,653 1911 M 23,574 + 7,989 + 51.26 12,089 11,485 1921 M 27,897 + 4,323 + 18.34 13,783 14,114 1931 M 45,658 + 17,761 + 63.67 22,840 22,818 1941 M 57,524 + 11,866 + 25.99 28,574 28,950

In 1981 Kannimel and Killkollur karas of Klllkollur town of 1971 we~e together treated as urban outgrowth of Kollam urban agglomeration. The remaining karas of KiHkoliurtown of 1971 were dedassifled as rural. In 1991 Kilikollur has been split up into KilikollurC.r. and Mangad C.T.llS population 29655 (M-14596, F-15059) as C.G.in 1981 has been included in Kollam U.A. 142 A-4 lOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERA lIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULA lION IN 1991 WITH VARIAlION SINCE 1901 51. Name of Town/ State/ Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No.Urban District Year town km 2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

1951 M 69,515 + 11,991 + 20.85 33,929 35,586 1961 M 12.67 73,038 + 3,523 + 5.07 36,305 36,733 1971 M 12.65 76,241 + 3,203 + 4.39 37,345 38,896 1981 M 12.65 1'1,923 + 1,682 + 2.21 37,540 40,383 1991 M 12.65 74,604 - 3,319 - 4.,26 35,755 38,849

(II) Perlngaw' OG Thrissur 1981 0.90 1,963 978 985 1991 2.85 3,699 + 1,736 +88.44 1,781 1,918 (ii1)Thrissur OG Thrissur 1991 1.23 2,642 1,287 1,355 (Iv) Chembukaw OG Thrissur 1991 0.28 545 260 285 (v) Poonkunnam OG Thrissur 1991 1.46 308 150 158

(b) Oliur2 Thrissur 1941 CT 4,975 2,408 2,567 1951 CT 5,827 + 852 + 17.13 2,853 2,974 1961 Declassified 1971 CT 8.45 25,957 12,769 13,188 1981 CT 9.33 27,802 + 1,845 + 7.1I 13,712 14,090 1991 CT 9.33 33,137 + 5,335 +19.19 16,271 16,866

(c) *Mannuthy3 Thrlssur 1981 CT 13.35 25,474 12,617 12,857 1991 CT 13.35 31,914 + 6,440 +25.28 15,704 16,210

(d) *Chlyyaram Thrissur 1981 CT 4.91 20,315 10,026 10,289 1991 CT 4.91 21,598 + 1,283 + 6.32 10,671 10,927

(e) *Nadathara Thrissur 1981 CT 5.52 14,321 6,982 7,339 1991 CT 5.52 17,971 + 3,650 +25.49 8,738 9,233

(f) * Vilvattom Thrissur 1981 CT 6.25 13,704 6,583 7,121 1991 CT 6.25 16,904 +3,200 +23.35 8,451 8,453

(g) *Aranattukara Thrissur 1981 CT 5.84 14,397 7,190 7,207 1991 CT 5.84 16,623 +2,226 +15.46 8,179 8,444

(h) *Ayyanthole Thrlssur 1981 (T 7.25 11,767 5,718 6,049 1991 (T 7.25 13,492 + 1,725 +14.66 6,526 6,966

(I) * Edakkunny4 Thrissur 1981 (T 5.59 11,835 5,699 6,136 1991 (T 5.59 13,265 +1,430 + 12.08 6,451 6,814

(j) *Vlyyur Thrissur 1981 CT 5.09 11,489 6,029 5,460 1991 (T 5.09 11,303 - 186 -1.62 5,919 5,384

Peringavu urban outgrowth of Thrissur urban agglomeration comprises of Peringavu desom (portion outside municipal limits) of Perim"vu '-:::dge and bit of Chembukavu desom of Thrlssur village. 2. Panamkuttlchira and Edakkunny desoms of Edakkunny village which formed part ofOliur town in 1971, in 1981 form part of Edakkunny town. The entire village was treated as a separate town. 1 village is known as Mannuthy £own since 1981. 4. Panamkuttlchlra and Edakkunny desoms of Edakkunny village which formed part ofOliur town In 1971, formed pan of Edakkunny town in 1981. The entire Edakkunny village Is treated as Edakkunny town in 1981. 143 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 SI. Name of Townl Statel StaWS of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No.Urban District Year town km 2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 J 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II

(k) *Koorkkancherry Thrissur 1981 CT 2.60 8,624 4,243 4,381 1991 CT 2.60 9,512 + 888 + 10.30 4,634 4,878

(I) Nettissery 1991 CT 4.22 7,536 3,682 3,854

7. Alappulha Urban Alappuzha 1901 24,918 12,748 12,170 ApIomeratlon 1911 25,665 + 747 + 3.00 13,370 12,295 1921 32,074 + 6,409 + 24.97 16,885 15,189 1931 43,838 +11,764 + 36.68 23,677 20,161 1941 56,333 + 12;495 + 28.50 30,136 26,197 1951 116,278 +59,945 + 106.41 59,638 56,640 1961 46.78 138,834 +22,556 + 19.40 69,977 68,857 1971 46.77 160,166 +21,332 + 15.37 BO,307 79,859 1981 46.77 169,940 + 9,774 + 6.10 84,012 85,928 1991 84.48 264,969 +95,029 + 55.92 129,770, 135,199

(a) Al

(i) Alappuzha Alappuzha 190 1 M 24,918 12,748 12,170 1911 M 25,665 + 747 + 3.00 13,370 12,295 1921 M 32,074 + 6,409 + 24.97 16,885 15,189 1931 M 43,8J8 + 11,764 + 36.68 23,677 20,161 1941 M 56,333 + 12,495 + 28.50 30,136 26,197 1951 M 116,278 +59,945 + 106.41 59,638 56,640 1961 M 46.78 138,834 +22,556 + 19.40 69,977 68,857 1971 M 46.77 160,166 +21,332 + 15.37 80,307 79,859 1981 M 46.77 169,940 +9,774 + 6.10 84,012 85,928 1991 M 46.77 174,666 + 4,726 + 2.78 85,699 88,967

(ii) Punnapra OG Alappuzha 1991 12.21 29,783 14,601 15,182 (III) Kalarkode OG Alappuzha 1991 11.50 23,267 11,220 12,047

(b) Komalapuram Alappuzha 1991 CT 14.00 37,253 18,250 19,003

8. Palakkad Urban PaJakkad 1901 44,177 21,673 22,504 AgIomeration 1911 44,319 + 142 + 0.32 21,776 22,543 1921 45,487 + 1,168 + 2.64 22,619 22,868 1931 49,064 + 3,577 + 7.86 24,234 24,830 1941 55,160 + 6,096 + 12.42 26,975 28,185 1951 69,504 + 14,344 + 26.00 34,529 34,975

\44 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 SI. Name of Town/ State/ Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No.Urban District Year town km 2 Variation Decade Agglomeration VariatIon

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

1961 26.60 77,620 + 8,116 + 11.68 38,813 38,807 1971 26.60 95,788 +18,168 +23.41 47,776 48,012 1981 30.59 117,986 +22,198 +23.17 58,595 59,391 1991 59.05 180,033 +62,047 +52.59 88,907 91,126

(a) Palakkad Palakkad 1901 44,177 21,673 22,504 1911 44,319 + 142 +0.32 21,776 22,543 1921 45,487 + 1,168 +2.64 22,619 22,868 1931 49,064 + 3,577 + 7.86 24,234 24,830 1941 55,160 + 6,096 +12.42 26,975 28,185 1951 69,504 + 14,344 +26.00 34,529 34,975 1961 26.60 77,620 + 8,116 + 11.68 38,813 38,807 1971 26.60 95,788 +18,168 +23.41 47,776 48,012 1981 30.59 117,986 +22,198 +23.17 58,595 59,391 1991 29.60 139,136 +21,150 +17.93 68,817 70,319

(i) Palakkad Palakkad 1901 M 44,177 21,673 22,504 1911 M 44,319 + 142 +0.32 21,776 22,543 1921 M 45,487 + 1,168 + 2.64 22,619 22,868 1931 M 49,064 + 3,577 + 7.86 24,234 24,830 1941 M 55,160 + 6,096 +12.42 26,975 28,185 1951 M 69,504 +14,344 +26.00 34,529 34,975 1961 M 26.60 77,620 + 8,116 + 11.68 38,813 38,807 1971 M 26.60 95,788 +18,168 +23.41 47,776 48,012 1981 M 26.60 111,245 + 15,457 +16.14 55,222 56,023 1991 M 26.60 123,289 +12,044 +10.83 61,047 62,242

(ii) Hemambika Nagar' OG Palakkad 1981 3.99 6,741 3,373 3,368 1991 3.00 15,847 +9,106 +135.08 7,770 8,077

(b) Puthupp3riyar3m Palakkad 1991 CT 19.93 24,808 12,141 12,667 (e) M3ruth3rode Palakkad 1991 CT 9.52 16,089 7,949 8,140

9. Kottayam Urban Kottayam 1901 17,552 9,147 8,405 Agglomeration 1911 15,141 - 2,411 -13.74 7,863 7,278 1921 18,833 +3.692 + 24.38 9,855 8,978 1931 25,236 + 6,403 + 34.00 13,280 11,956 1941 33,364 + 8,128 + 32.21 17,380 15.984 1951 44,204 +10,840 + 32.49 22,549 21,655 1961 15.54 52,615 + ',481 + 19.19 26,850 25,835 1971 15.55 59,714 + 7,029 + 13.34 30,075 29,639 1981 15.55 64,431 + 4,717 + 7.90 32,281 32,150 1991 63.70 166,552 +102,121 + 158.50 83,143 83,409

(a) Kottayam Kottayam 1901 17,552 9,147 8,405 1911 15,141 -2,411 -13.74 7,863 7,278

1 Hemambikanagar census town (population 7,032, M-3592, F-3436) of 1971 was treated as an urban outgrowth ofPalakkad urban agglomeration in the 1981 census with the name Palghat Railway Colony. In 1991 it has been renamed as Hemambikanagar. 145 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901

SI. Name of Town/ State/ Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females NO.Urban District Year town km 2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II

1921 18,833 +3,692 +24.38 9,855 8,978 1931 25,236 + 6,403 +34.00 13,280 11,956 1941 33,364 + 8,128 +32.21 17,380 15,984 1951 44,204 + 10,840 +32.49 22,54~ 21,655 1961 15.54 52,685 + 8,481 + 19.19 26,850 25,835 1971 15.55 59,714 + 7,029 + 13.34 30,075 29,639 1981 15.55 64,431 + 4,717 + 7.90 32,281 32,150 1991 27.33 89,625 +25,194 +39.10 44,613 45,012

(I) Kottayam Koccayam 1901 M 17,552 9,147 8,405 1911 M 15,141 -2,411 -13.74 7,863 7,278 1921 M 18,833 + 3,692 + 24.38 9,855 8,978 1931 M 25,236 + 6,403 + 34.00 13,280 11,956 1941 M 33,364 + 8,128 + 32.21 17,380 15,984 1951 M 44,204 + 10,840 e+- 32.49 22,549 21,655 1961 M 15.54 52,685 + 8,481 + 19.19 26,850 25,835 1971 M 15.55 59,714 + 7,029 + 13.34 30,075 29,639 1981 M 15.55 64,431 + 4,717 + 7.90 32,281 32,150 1991 M 15.55 63,155 -1,276 - 1.98 31,397 31,758

Iii) Vilayapuram OG Koccayam 1991 11.78 26,470 13,216 13,254 fb) Perumbaikad Koccayam 1991 CT 14.04 39,363 19,781 19,582 Xc) NJrtakam Koccayam 1991 CT 22.33 37,564 18,749 18,815 I 10. Malappuram Malappuram 1941 5,547 2,735 2,812 Urban Agglomeration 1951 10,357 + 4,810 + 86.71 5,042 5,315 1961 13.26 12,276 + 1,919 + 18.53 6,016 6,260 1971 46.87 47,736 +35,460 +288.86 23,589 24,147 1981 86.66 93,745 +46,009 + 96.38 46,778 46,967 1991 111.20 142,204 +48,459 + 51.69 70,489 71,715

(a) Malappuram Malappuram 1971 33.60 32,002 15,889 16,113 1981 33.60 39,786 + 7,784 +24.32 19,854 19,932 1991 58.14 72,870 +33,084 +S3.15 36,019 36,851

(I) Malappuram Malappuram 1971 M 33.60 32,002 15,889 16,113 1981 M 33.60 39,786 + 7,784 +24.32 19,854 19,932 1991 M 33.61 49,692 + 9,906 +24.90 24,612 25,080

(II) Anakkayam OG Malappuram 1991 24.53 23,178 11,407 11,771

(b) Manierl' Malappuram 1941 CT 5,547 2,735 2,812 1951 CT 10,357 + 4,810 + 86.71 5,042 5,315 1961 CT 13.26 12,276 + 1,919 + 18.53 6,016 6,260 1971 CT 13.27 15,734 + 3,458 + 28.17 7,700 8,034 1981 M 53.06 53,959 + 38,225 + 242.95 26,924 27,035

1 Manjeri cown of 1971 census was elevated as a municipal town on 1s[ April 1978 by including some adjacent rural areas. 146 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULA TJON IN t 99 t WITH VARIATION SINCE 190 t SI. Name of Town/ State/ Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No.Urban District Year cown km 2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 1991 M 53.06 69,334 15,375 28.49 34,470 34,864

1 I . Cherthala Alappuzha 1921 4,781 2,586 2,195 Urban Agglomeration 1931 5,940 + 1,159 + 24.24 3,078 2,862 1941 6,765 + 825 + 13.89 3,406 3,359 1951 7,116 + 351 + 5.19 3,579 3,537 1961 16.19 31,155 +24,039 +337.82 15,382 15,773 1971 16.19 36,752 + 5,597 + 17.97 18,164 18,588 1981 16.19 40,492 +3,740 + 10.18 20,132 20,360 1991 92.59 132,883 +92,391 +228.17 64,833 68,050

(a) Cherthala Alappuzha 1921 CT 4,781 2,586 2,195 1931 CT 5,940 + 1,159 + 24.24 3,078 2,862 1941 CT 6,765 + 825 + 13.89 3,406 3,359 1951 CT 7,116 + 351 + 5.19 3,579 3,537 1961 M 16.19 31,155 +24,039 +337.82 15,382 15,773 1971 M 16.19 36,752 + 5,597 + 17.97 18,164 18,588 1981 M 16.19 40,492 + 3,740 + 10.18 20,132 20,360 1991 M 16.18 43,326 + 2,834 + 7.00 21,156 22,170

(b) Tha. eermukkom Alappuzha 1991 (T 23.91 28,728 13,963 14,765 (e) Muhamma Alappuzha 1991 CT 26.76 22,541 10,951 11,590 (d) Vayaiaf Alappuzha 1991 CT 14.45 22,384 10,933 11,451 (e) Kokkothamangalam Alappuzha 1991 CT 11.29 15,904 7,830 8,074

12. Guruvayoor Urban Thrissur 1961 14.61 28,903 13,454 15,449 Agglomeratiol1 1971 18.90 45,306 + 16,403 +56.75 21,094 24,212 1981 23.00 59,467 + 14,16 I + 31.26 27,218 32,249 1991 50.29 118,632 +59,165 +99.49 55,504 63,128

(a) Chavakkad' Thrissur 1961 (T 14.61 28,903 13,454 15,449 1971 (T 12.41 29,443 + 540 + 1.87 13,643 15,800 1981 M 12.41 34,344 +4,901 + 16.65 15,846 18,498 1991 M 12.41 37,789 +J,445 + 10.03 17,759 20,030 (b) Guruvayoor' Thrissur 1971 TS 6.49 15,863 7,451 8,412 Township 1981 TS 6.49 17,858 + 1,995 + 12.58 8,045 9,813 1991 TS 6.49 20,216 +2,358 + 13.20 9,365 10,851 (c) P.lVafarry Thrissur 1991 CT 4.12 10,439 4,81 I 5,628 (d) Perakam Thrissur 1991 CT 5.06 9,540 4,472 5,068 (e) VenmenJd Thrissur 1991 (T 5.07 9,287 4,344 4,943 (f) *Iringaprom Thrissur 1981 (T 4.10 7,265 3,327 3,938 1991 CT 4.10 9,120 +1,855 +25.53 4,345 4,775 (g) Pookode Thrissur 1991 CT 4.96 8,162 3,827 4,335 (h) Thaikkad Thrissur 1991 CT 3.73 7,329 3,446 3,883 (i) Paiuvai Thrissur 1991 CT 4.35 6,750 3,135 3,6 I 5

1 A Portion of Chow ghar (renamed as Chavakkad in 1971) rown of 1961 became parr of Guruvayoor Township In 1971. Chavakkad was elev.1Ced municipal rown on 1st 0adJer,1978. 2. See Note above. 147 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 SI. Name of Townl Statel Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No.Urban District Year town km 2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II

13. Kanhangad Urban Kasaragod 1951 19,305 9,498 9,807 Agglomeration \96\ 58.53 44,577 +25,272 + \30.91 2\,887 22,690 \97\ 58.57 57,\66 + \2,589 + 28.24 28,191 28,975 1981 Dectasslfied 1991 84.14 118,214 57,358 60,856 (a) Kanhangad Kasaragod 1951 CT 19,305 9,498 9,807 1961 CT 32.27 23,621 + 4,316 + 22.36 11,713 11,908 1971 CT 32.34 31,869 + 8,248 + 34.92 15,971 15,898 1981 Declassified 1991 M 39.54 57,165 27,922 29,243 (tI) Cheruvathur Kasaragod 1991 CT 18.37 24,504 \ 1,742 12,762 (c) Nlleshwar Kasaragod 1961 CT 26.26 20,956. 10,174 10,782 1971 CT 26.23 25,297 + 4,341 + 20.71 12,220 13,077 1981 Declassified 1991 CT 14.14 22,661 10,979 11,682 (d) Perole Kasaragod 1991 CT 12.09 13,884 6,715 7,169

14. Vadakara Urban Kozhlkode 1901 11,319 5,886 5,433 Agglomeration 1911 11,149 - 170 - 1.50 5,707 5,442 1921 9,804 -1,345 -12.06 4,975 4,829 1931 11,259 + 1,455 + 14.84 5,756 5,503 1941 17,924 + 6,665 + 59.20 8,944 8,980 1951 20,964 + 3,040 + 16.96 10,491 10,473 1961 21.34 43,908 +22,944 + 109.44 21,971 21,937 1971 21.34 53,938 +10,030 + 22.84 26,902 27,036 1981 21.34 64,174 + 10,236 + 18.98 31,810 32,364 1991 38.68 102,430 +38,256 + 59.61 50,192 52,238

(a) Vadakara Kozllikode [901 CT [ 1,3[9 5,886 5,433 1911 CT 11,149 - 170 - 1.50 5,707 5,442 1921 CT 9,804 -1,345 -12.06 4,975 4,829 1931 CT 11,259 + 1,455 + 14.84 5,756 5,503 1941 CT 17,924 + 6,665 + 59.20 8,944 8,980 1951 CT 20,964 + 3,040 + 16.96 10,491 10,473 1961 M 21.34 43,908 +22,944 + 109.44 21,971 21,937 1971 M 21.34 53,938 + 10,030 + 22.84 26,902 27,036 1981 M 21.34 64,174 + 10,236 + 18.98 31,810 32,364 1991 M 21.33 72,434 + 8,260 .+ 12.87 35,579 36,855

(b) Vi/liappally Kozhlkode 1991 CT 17.35 29,996 14,613 15,383

aASS -II (50,000 - 99,999 Population) (2 Urban aggtomeratlons and 7 Towns)

ALL TOWNS AND URBAN KERAlA 1901 264,755 137,344 127,411 AGGLOMERATIONS 1911 287,546 + 22,791 + 8.61 148,693 138,853 1921 302,374 + 14,828 + 5.16 155,373 147,001 1931 259,874 -42,500 -14.06 131,567 128,307

148 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPVLATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 SI. Name of Town/ State/ Staws of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No.Urban District Year town km 2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1941 244,961 -14,913 -5.74 123,246 121,715 1951 293,443 + 48,482 +19.79 145,634 147,809 1961 54.81 203,343 -99,100 -30.70 101,968 101,375 1971 143.85 320,708 + 117,365 +57.72 159,634 161,074 1981 210.80 453,859 + 133,151 +41.52 222,033 231,826 1991 260.04 554,571 + 100,712 +22.19 270,679 283,892

15. Kodungallur Urban Thrissur 1921 5,805 2,930 2,875 Agglomeration 1931 6,866 + 1,061 + 18.28 3,381 3,485 1941 10,876 +4,010 +58.40 5,312 5,564 1951 12,862 + 1,~86 + 18.26 6,211 6,651 1961 Declassified 1971 Declasslfed 1981 28.96 58,760 28,212 30,548 1991 38.62 88,655 + 29,895 + 50.88 42,537 46,118

(a) Kodungallur Thrlssur 1921 CT 5,805 2,930 2,875 1931 CT 6,866 + 1,061 + 18.28 3,381 3,485 1941 CT 10,876 +4,010 +58.40 5,312 5,564 1951 CT 12,862 +1,986 + 18.26 6,211 6,651 1961 Declassified 1971 Declassified 1981 M 17.30 28,334 13,531 14,803 1991 M 17.30 31,249 +2,915 + 10.29 15,024 16,225

(b) * Metha/a Thrlssur 1981 CT 11.66 30,426 14,681 15.745 1991 CT 11.81 33,896 +3,470 + 11.40 16,333 17,563

(c) Erlyad Thrlssur 1991 CT 9.51 23,510 11,180 12,330

16. Kayamkulam Alappuzha 1901 CT 5,745 2,916 2,829 1911 M 5,830 + 85 + 1.48 2772 3,058 1921 M 9,172 + 3,342 + 57.32 4,676 4,496 1931 M 10,841 + 1,669 + 18.20 5,555 5,286 1941 M 10,916 + 75 + 0.69 5,445 5,471 1951 M 13,177 +2,261 +20.71 6,576 6,601 1961 M 21.78 44,571 +31,394 +238.25 22,126 22,445 1971 M 21.79 54,102 + 9,531 + 21.38 26,690 27,412 1981 M 21.79 61,327 + 7,225 + 13.35 30,118 31,209 1991 M 21.79 67,151 + 5,824 + 9.50 33,106 34,045

17. Chitwr-Thathamangalam Palakkad 1901 14,317 6,874 7,443 Urban Agglomeration 1911 14,706 + 389 + 2.72 7,010 7,696 1921 18,150 + 3,444 + 23.42 8,673 9,477 1931 18,915 + 765 + 4.21 9,120 9,795 1941 21,105 + 2,190 + 11.58 10,205 10,900 1951 23,746 + 2,641 + 12.51 11,342 12,404 1961 14.71 26,457 + 2,711 + 11.42 12,840 13,617 1971 14.71 28,510 + 2,053 + 7.76 14,027 14483 1981 14.71 30,407 + 1,897 + 6.65 14,893 15,514

149 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN t 99 t WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 SI. Name of Town/ State/ Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females NO.Urban District Year town km2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II

1991 34.48 65,386 +34,979 + 115.04 32,035 33,351

(a) Chittur-Thathamangalam I Palakkad 1901 CT 14,317 6,874 7,443 1911 CT 14,706 + 389 + 2.72 7,010 7,696 1921 1'1 18,150 + 3,444 + 23.42 8,673 9,477 1931 1'1 18,915 + 765 + 4.21 9,120 9,795 1941 1'1 21,105 + 2,190 + 11.58 10,205 10,900 1951 1'1 23,746 + 2,641 + 12.51 11,342 12,404 1961 1'1 14.71 26,457 + 2,711 + 11.42 12,840 13,617 1971 1'1 14.71 28,510 + 2,053 + 7.76 14,027 14,483 1981 1'1 14.71 30,407 + 1,897 + 6.65 14,893 15,514 1991 1'1 14.71 32,048 + 1,641 + 5.40 15,599 16,449

(b) Koduvayur Palakkad 1991 CT 10.53 17,647 8,653 8,994

(c) Puthunagaram Palakkad 1991 CT 9.24 15,691 7,783 7,908

18. Payyannur Kannur 1971 CT 23.63 26,524 12,620 13,904 1981 Declassified 1991 1'1 54.63 64,032 30,971 33,061

19. Taliparamba2 Kannur 1961 CT 8.00 12,894 6,470 6,424 1971 CT 8.02 16,227 + 3,333 + 25.85 8,135 8,092 1981 CT 18.21 29,901 + 13,674 + 84.27 14,967 14,934 1991 1'1 43.08 60,226 +30,325 +101.42 29,794 30,432

20. Thilllvalia Pathanam- 1911 CT 7,969 4,268 3,701 thitta 1921 1'1 12,010 + 4,041 + 50.71 6,292 5,718 1931 1'1 14,489 + 2,479 + 20.64 7,458 7,031 1941 M 18,002 + 3,513 + 24.25 9,015 8,987 1951 1'1 20,709 + 2,707 + 15.04 10,212 10,497 1961 1'1 14.48 24,242 + 3,533 + 17.06 11,750 12,492 1971 1'1 14.47 26,683 + 2,441 + 10.07 12,912 13,771 1981 M 14.47 29,225 + 2,542 + 9.53 13,956 15,269 1991 1'1 27.94 54,780 +25,555 + 87.44 26,290 28,490

2 1. Changanassery Kottayam 1901 CT 14,264 7,166 7,098 1911 CT 17,242 + 2,978 + 20.88 8,826 8,416 1921 1'1 18,955 + 1,713 + 9.94 9,814 9,141 1931 1'1 24,201 + 5,246 + 27.68 12,615 11,586 1941 1'1 28,381 + 4,180 + 17.27 14,634 13,747 1951 1'1 36,289 + 7,908 + 27.86 18,764 17,525 1961 1'1 13.26 42,376 + 6,087 + 16.77 21,389 20,987 1971 M 13.50 48,545 + 6,169 + 14.56 24,195 24,350

In 1921, 1931 and 1951 censuses, Chlttur-Thathamangalam was treated as a single town by merging the twO towns Chittur and Thathal11angalam, (Chlttur - Population: 12,732, M-6127, F-6,605 in 1941;P-8,528, 1-1-4,078, F--4,450In 1911 andP-8,095, M-3,897, F-4,198 in 1901, Thatllamangalam-Population: 8,373, M -4,078, F-4,295In 1941; P-6, 178, 1'1-2,932, F-3,246 in 1911 andP- 6,222, M-2,977, F-3,24S in 1901). These towns are treated as a Single unit in all the censuses for working out the class totals. 2. Trlchambaram town of 196 J has been merged with Taliparamba town of r 97 r census. 150 A-4: TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 SI. Name of Town! State! Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No. Urban District Year town km 2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 S 6 7 ~ 9 10 11

1981 M 13.50 51,955 + 3,41.0 + 7.02 25,616 26,339 1991 M 13.50 52,445 + 490 + 0.94 26,011 26,434

22. Ponnani' Malappuram 1901 CT 10,562 5,281 5,281 1911 CT 13,984 + 3,422 + 32.40 6,860 7,124 1921 CT 13,345 - 639 - 4.57 6,536 6,809 1931 CT 16,210 + 2,865 + 21.47 7,837 8,373 1941 CT 17,838 + 1,628 + 10.04 8,485 9,353 1951 CT 23,606 + 5,768 + 32.34 11,283 12,323 1961 CT 5.39 22,977 - 629 - 2.66 10,939 12,038 1971 CT 9.32 35,723 +12,746 + 55.47 17,426 18,297 1981 M 9.32 43,226 + 7,503 + 21.00 20,973 22,253 1991 M 9.32 51,770 + 8,544 + 19.77 25,048 26,722

23. Kasaragod Kasaragod 1911 CT 8,295 4,153 4,142 1921 CT 7,314 - 981 -11.83 3,755 3,559 1931 CT 9,169 + 1,855 +25.36 4,611 4,558 1941 CT 11,566 + 2,397 +26.14 5,892 5,674 1951 CT 22,708 +11,142 +90.33 11,087 11,621 1961 CT 16.68 27,635 + 4,927 +21.70 13,643 13,992 1971 M 16.68 34,984 + 7,349 +26.59 17,595 17,389 1981 M 16.68 43,137 + 8,153 +23.30 21,448 21,689 1991 M 16.68 50,126 + 6,989 +16.20 24,887 25,239

CLASS - III (20,000 - 49,999 POPULATION) (46 TOWNS)

ALL TOWNS KERALA 1901 69,095 34,421 34,674 1911 93,558 + 24,463 + 35.40 47,235 46,323 1921 130,593 + 37,035 + 39.59 66,352 64,241 1931 221,736 +91,143 + 69.79 114,027 107,709 1941 132,348 -89,388 -40.31 67,533 64,815 1951 243,922 + 111,574 + 84.30 120,555 123,367 1961 299.24 514,838 +270,916 + 111.07 254,045 260,793 1971 454.54 776,417 +261,579 + 50.81 382,953 393,464 1981 593.20 1031,868 +255,451 + 32.90 506,144 525,724 1991 1,038.24 1465,006 +433,138 + 41.98 715,281 749,725

24. Nedumangad Ttivandrum 1921 CT 1,833 941 892 1931 CT 2,231 + 398 +21.71 1,141 1,090 1941 CT 2,538 + 307 +13.76 1,250 1,288 1951 CT 3,<»8 + 560 +22.06 1,556 1,542 1961 Dedassifled 1971 CT 7.76 14,643 7,247 7,396 1981 M 32.52 43,989 +29,346 +200.41 21,557 22,432 1991 M 32.52 49,875 + 5,886 + 13.38 24,229 25,646

25. Tlrur2 Malappuram 1941 CT 9,489 4,667 4,822

I Ponnani was elevated to the status of municipal town on 15th November 1977. 2 Known as Trikkandiyurin 1941, 1951 and 1961 censuses. It becomes a municipality with effect from 1st October 1971. 151 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 SI. Name of Townl .State/ Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No.Urban District Year town km 2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 1951 CT 11,830 + 2,341 + 24.67 5,892 5,938 1961 CT 8.65 13,397 + 1,567 + 13.25 6,662 6,735 1971 CT 16.59 32,272 + 18,875 +140.89 16,009 16,263 1981 M 16.59 40,803 + 8,531 + 26.43 19,997 20,806 1991 M 16.59 49,453 + 8,650 + 21.20 24,414 25,039

26. Punalur Kollam 1921 CT 6,442 3,351 3,091 1931 CT 8,442 + 2,000 + 31.05 4,341 4,101 1941 CT 12,249 + 3,807 + 45.10 6,308 5,941 1951 CT 18,995 + 6,746 + 55.07 9,785 9,210 1961 Declassified 1971 CT 4.05 13,562 6,869 6,693 1981 M 34.60 43,039 +29,477 +217.35 21,401 21,638 1991 M 34.60 46,279 + 3,240 + 7.53 22,874 23,405

27. Mannarkad Palakkad 1971 C1 7.62 12,580 6,197 6,383 1981 Declassified 1991 M 63.38 45,422 22,281 23,141

28 Chalakudy Thrlssur 1931 CT 5,886 2,939 2,947 1941 CT 7,429 + 1,543 +26.21 3,690 3,739 1951 CT 10,847 + 3,418 + 45,Oj 5,307 5,540 1961 Cl 8.91 16,864 + 6,017 + 55.47 8,528 8,336 1971 M 25.23 37,562 +20,698 + 122.73 18,722 18,840 1981. M 25.23 41,894 + 4,332 + 11.53 20,682 21,212 1991 M 25.23 45,069 + 3,175 + 7.58 22,303 22,766

29. Ottappalam Palakkad 1941 CT 8,281 4,152 4,129 1951 CT 22,695 +14,414 + 174.06 10,811 11,884 1961 Cl 10.93 10,782 -11,913 - 52.49 5,189 5,593 1971 CT 22,18 24,823 +14,041 + 130.23 11,971 12,852 1981 CT 16.98 23,156 -1,667 - 6.72 10,999 12,157 1991 M 32.66 44,186 +21,030 + 90.82 20,813 23,373

30. Thodupuzha Idukkl 1931 CT 3,455 1,910 1,545 1941 CT 4,172 + 717 + 20.75 2,223 1,949 1951 CT 5,141 + 969 + 23.23 2,747 2,39+ 1961 Declassified 1971 CT 21.85 20,880 10,840 10,040 1981 M 35.43 35,743 + 14,863 + 71. 18 17,946 17,797 1991 M 35.43 40,656 + 4,913 + 13.75 20,301 20,355

31. Matcannur Kannur 1991 M 54.15 40,506 20,162 20,344

32. Shoranur Palakkad 1941 CT 8,587 4,231 4,356 1951 CT 11,596 + 3,009 +35.04 5,694 5,902 1961 CT 12.46 14,307 + 2,711 +23.38 7,132 7,175 1971 CT 17.20 22,038 + 7,731 +54.04 10,988 11,050 1981 M 32.28 35,120 + 13,082 +59.36 17,102 18,018 1991 M 32.28 39,550 + 4,430 +12.61 19,021 20,529

152 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 SI. Name of Town/ State/ Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No.Urban District Year town km' Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 33. PerimhalnlannJ Malappuram 1971 CT 5.10 9,121 4,463 4,658 1981 Declassified 1991 M 34.41 39,027 18,911 20,116

34. Varkala Trivalldrum 1921 CT 3,612 1,852 1,760 1931 CT 4,293 + 681 + 18.85 2,094 2,199 1941 CT 4,898 + 605 + 14.09 2,308 2,590 1951 CT 5,666 + 768 + 15.68 2,702 2,964 1961 CT 4.09 7,560 + 1,894 + 33.43 3,579 3,981 1971 CT 10.28 20,365 + 12,805 +169.38 9,869 10,496 1981 M 15.42 34,009 + 13,644 + 67.00 16,041 17,968 1991 M 15.42 38,987 + 4,978 + 14.64 18,506 20,481

35. Pandalam Pathanamthitta 1951 CT 7,674 3,905 3,769 1961 CT 7.30 10,000 +2,326 +30.31 5,069 4,931 1971 CT 9.50 11,884 +1,884 +18.84 5,871 6,013 1981 Declassified 1991 M 28.42 37,733 18,148 19,585

36. *Paravoor Kollam 1981 CT 16.19 35,562 17,186 18,376 1991 M 16.19 37,185 + 1,623 + 4.56 17,909 19,276

37. Kanjirappally Kottayam 1951 CT 8,362 4,285 4,077 1961 CT 30.48 19,038 + 10,676 + 127.67 9,779 9,259 1971 CT 26.42 20,687 + 1,649 + 8.66 10,675 10,012 1981 Declassified 1991 M 52.47 37,017 18,756 18,261

38. Pathanamthitta Pathanamthiua 1931 CT 4,165 2,166 1,999 1941 CT 4,880 + 715 + 17.17 2,482 2,398 1951 CT 5,846 + 966 + 19.80 3,044 2,802 1961 Declassified 1971 Declassified 1981 M 23.50 32,967 16,329 16,638 1991 M 23.50 35,882 +2,915 + 8.84 17,768 18,114

39. Korhamangalam Ernakulam 1951 CT 7,657 3,796 3,861 1961 Declassified 1971 CT 5.77 6,534 3,271 3,263 1981 M 37.45 33,122 +26,588 +406.92 16,625 16,497 1991 M 40.04 35,535 + 2,413 + 7.29 17,669 17,866

4e'. N.'dapuram Kozhikode 1991 CT 20.44 35,245 17,000 18,245

41. p,>, ;ngathur Kannur 1991 CT 20.46 35,035 16,201 18,834

42. Auingal Trivandrum 1921 M 11,048 5,654 5,394 1931 M 10,612 - 436 - 3.95 5,313 5,299 1941 M 16,237 + 5,625 + 53.0 1 7,985 8,252 1951 M 18,668 +2,431 +14.97 9,219 9,449

153 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 190 I SI. Name of Town/ State/ Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No.Urban District Year town km z Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 1961 M 14.17 22,051 +3,383 + 18.12 10,914 11,137 1971 M 14.18 27,052 +5,001 +22.68 13,274 13,718 1981 M 14.18 29,645 +2,593 + 9.59 14,164 15,481 1991 M 14.18 32,634 +2,989 + 10.08 15,595 17,039

43. Chockli Kannur 1991 CT 14.24 31,642 14,545 17,097

44. ArDor. Alappuzha 1991 CT 15.14 31,642 15,651 15,991

45. Pappinisseri Kannur 1961 CT 19.30 16,420 8,200 8,220 1971 CT 15.24 21,952 + 5,532 + 33.69 11,039 10,913 1981 CT 15.24 27,062 +5,110 +23.28 13,525 13,537 1991 CT 15.24 30,754 + 3,692 + 13.64 15,186 15,568

46. Neyyattinkara Trivandrum 1921 M 8,033 4,176 3,857 1931 M 9,264 + 1,231 + 15.32 4,670 4,594 1941 M 13,830 +4,566 +49.29 6,885 6,945 1951 M 16,376 +2,546 +18.41 8,183 8,193 1961 M 10.00 20,268 +3,892 +23.77 10,219 10,049 1971 M 9.70 23,983 +3,715 + 18.33 11,963 12,020 1981 M 9.70 27,993 +4,010 + 16.72 13,984 14,009 1991 M 9.70 30,419 +2,426 + 8.67 15,154 15,265

47. Angamaly Ernakulam 1971 CT 6.81 12,932 6,431 6,501 1981 M 24.05 28,307 + 15,375 + 118.89 14,012 14,295 1991 M 24.05 30,391 + 2,084 + 7.36 15,158 15,233

48. Koothuparamba Kal'l!'lur 1971 CT 5.88 10,305 5,136 5,169 1981 CT 16.76 24,690 +14,385 +139.59 12,007 12,683 1991 M 16.76 28,907 + 4,217 + 17.08 13,806 15,101

49. Mavelikkara Alapppuzha 1921 M 12,209 6,263 5,946 1931 M 14,194 + 1,985 + 16.26 7,032 7,162 1941 CT 16,022 + 1,828 + 12.88 7,969 8,053 1951 M 17,274 + 1,252 + 7.81 8,465 8,809 1961 M 9.32 18,974 +1,700 + 9.84 9,161 9,813 1971 M 12.65 25,648 +6,674 +35.17 12,416 13,232 1981 M 12.65 26,598 + 950 + 3.70 12,765 13,833 1991 M 12.65 28,299 +1,701 + 6.40 13,589 14,710

50. Muvattupuzha Ernakulam 1921 CT 4,517 2,431 2,086 1931 CT 5,626 + 1,109 + 24.55 2,991 2,635 1941 CT 9,079 + 3,453 + 61.38 ...,663 4,416 1951 CT 10,159 + 1,080 + 11.90 5,155 5,004 1961 M 19.76 22,900 + 12,741 + 125.42 11,837 11,063 1971 M 13.18 22,137 - 763 - 3.33 11,396 10,741 1981 M 13.18 25,313 + 3,176 + 14.35 12,784 12,529 1991 M 13.18 27,595 + 2,282 + 9.02 13,892 13,703

51. Irinjalakuda Thrissur 1901 CT 8,420 4,193 4,227

154 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 SI. Name of Town/ State/ Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No.Urban District Year town km 2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1911 CT 8,699 + 279 + 3.31 4,402 4,297 1921 CT 9,457 + 758 + 8.71 4,644 4,813 1931 CT 11,047 +1,590 + 16.81 5,391 5,656 1941 M 17,330 +6,283 + 56.88 8,383 8,947 1951 M 19,804 +2,474 + 14.28 9,678 10,126 1961 M 12.10 22,335 +2,531 + 12.78 10,747 11,588 1971 M 11.24 25,405 +3,070 + 13.75 12,315 13,090 1981 M 11.24 26,096 + 691 + 2.72 12,498 13,598 1991 M 11.24 27,491 + 1,395 + 5.35 13,423 14,068

52. *Chendamangalam Ernakulam 1981 CT 10.83 25,893 12,573 13,320 1991 CT 10.83 26,825 + 932 + 3.60 12,901 13,924

53. Adoor Pathanamthitta 1991 M 20.42 26,639 13,005 13,634

54. Kadirur Kannur 1991 CT 12.30 26,586 12,553 14,033

55. Moothakunnam Ernakulam 1991 CT 9.83 26,553 12,758 13,795

56. Mavoor Kozhikode 1991 CT 20.48 26,144 13,166 12,978

57. Chengannur Alappuzha 1931 CT 10,738 5,577 5,161 1941 CT 12,543 + 1,805 + 16.81 6,307 6,236 1951 CT 14,561 + 2,018 + 16.09 7,268 7,293 1961 CT 11.09 22,277 + 7,716 +52.99 10,850 11,427 1971 CT 5.60 13,316 -8,961 -40.23 6,591 6,725 1981 M 13.00 24,862 + 11,546 +86.71 11,922 12,940 1991 M 13.00 25,872 + 1,010 + 4.06 12,549 13,323

58. Piravom Ernakulam 1951 CT 5,242 2,564 2,678 1961 CT 8.26 6,604 + 1,362 +25.98 3,267 3,337 1971 Declassified 1981 Declassified 1991 M 29.36 25,203 12,576 12,627

59. *Kalliasseri Kannur 1981 CT 15.73 20,497 9,872 10,625 1991 CT 15.73 25,005 +4,508 +21.99 12,016 12,989

60. Mannancherry Alappuzha 1991 CT 26.52 24,977 12,261 12,716

'.:' 61. Perumbavoor Ernakulam 1931 CT 5,863 2,981 2,882 1941 CT 7,764 + 1,901 + 32.42 3,991 3,773 1951 CT 8,022 + 258 + 3.32 3,927 4,095 1961 M 11.50 16,147 + 8,125 + 101.28 8,353 7,794 1971 M 13.59 20,888 + 4,741 + 29.36 10,755 10,133 1981 M 13.59 23,064 + 2,176 + 0.42 11,748 11,316 1991 M 13.59 24,667 + 1,603 + 6.95 12,298 12,369

62. Cheruthazham Kannur 1991 CT 32.18 23,099 11,092 12,007

155 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 S!. Name of Town/ State/ Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females NO.Urban District Year town kml Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II

63. KaipereJ Wayanad 1991 M 34.14 22,949 11,784 11,165

64. Pen/manna Kozhikode 1991 CT 13.45 22,38i 11,229 11,152

65. Palai' Kottayam 1921 CT 2,204 1,266 938 1931 CT 2,628 + 424 + 19.24 1,457 1,171 1941 CT 3,035 + 407 + 15.49 1,600 1,435 1951 M 13,421 + 10,386 +342.21 6,799 6,622 1961 M 14.56 15,457 + 2,036 + 15.17 7,937 7,520 1971 M 15.93 20,273 + 4,816 +31.16 10,292 9,981 1981 M 15.93 21,624 + 1,351 + 6.66 10,728 10,896 1991 M 15.93 21,890 + 266 + 1.23 10,876 11,014

66. Vaikom Kottayam 1921 M 11,259 5,840 5,419 1931 M 13,808 + 2,549 + 22.64 7,077 6,731 1941 M 15,246 + 1,438 + 10.41 7,690 7,556 1951 M 15,646 + 400 + 2.62 7,826 7,820 1961 M 8.73 17,418 + 1,772 + 11.33 8,685 8,733 1971 M 8.73 20,014 + 2,596 + 14.90 9,855 10,159 1981 M 8.73 21,097 + 1,083 + 5.41 10,381 10,716 1991 M 8.73 21,788 + 691 + 3.28 10,732 11,056

67. Erattupetta Kottayam 1991 M 14.24 21,226 10,984 10,242

68. Ancharakandy Kannur 1991 CT 15.47 20,683 10,086 10,597

69. Vakkom Trivandrum 1991 CT 7.47 20,103 9,150 10,953

CLASS - IV (10,000 - 19,999 Population) (34 Towns)

ALL TOWNS Kerala 1901 99,290 50,381 48,909 1911 91,061 - 8,229 - 8.29 45,915 45,146 1921 115,809 + 24,748 +27.18 58,927 56,882 1931 166,570 + 50,761 +43.83 82,840 83,730 1941 237,144 + 70,574 +42.37 117,059 120,085 1951 352,345 + 115,201 +4-8.58 174,045 178,300 1961 302.84 408,025 + 55,680 + 15.80 201,727 206,298 1971 161.46 285,521 -122,504 -30.02 141,831 143,690 1981 108.36 172,973 -112,548 -39.42 83,655 89,318 1991 369.44 520,663 +347,690 +201.01 251,598 269,065

70. Kunnamkulam Thrissur 1901 CT 7,194 3,498 3,696 1911 CT 8,336 + 1,142 + 15.87 4,064 4,272 1921 CT 8,517 + 181 + 2.17 4,126 4,391 1931 CT 13 .. 822 +5,305 +62.29 6,532 7,290 1941 CT 12,207 -1,615 -11.68 5,772 6,435 1951 M 15,359 +3,152 +25.82 7,120 8,239

This (Own was known as Meenachil in 1921, 1931 and 1941 censuses. 156 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY Pr."ULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 51. Name of Town! State! Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No.Urban District Year town km2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1961 M 6.97 16,268 + 909 + 5.92 7,565 8,703 1971 M 6.96 18,367 +2,099 +12.90 8,623 9,744 1981 M 6.96 19,440 + 1,073 + 5.84 9,237 10,203 1991 M 6.96 19,657 + 217 + 1.12 9,414 10,243

71. Panniyannur Kannur 1991 CT 10.02 19,312 8,794 10,518

72. Kannur 1991 CT 12.67 19,074 8,990 10,084

73. *Vadakkekara Ernakulam 1981 CT 16.71 42,267 20,565 21,702 1991 CT 6.88 18,975 -23,292 -55.11 9,135 9,840

74. Kannapuram Kannur 1991 CT 14.38 18,158 8,414 9,744

75. Kodamthuruthu Alappuzha 1991 CT 10.81 18,124 8,935 9,189

76. Paduvi/ayi Kannur 1991 CT 15.08 17,517 8,635 8.882

77. Munderi Kannur 1991 CT 12.28 17,358 8,315 9,043

78. 'Chelora Kannur 1981 CT 11.35 14,549 7,207 7,342 1991 CT 11.35 17,314 +2,765 + 19.00 8,484 8.830

79. Kuctikkattoor Kozhikode 1991 CT 13.67 17,107 8,606 8,50!

80. 'Kanimangalam Thrissur 1981 CT 8.55 15,084 7,290 7,794 1991 CT 8.55 16,897 + 1,813 + 12.02 8,I!l0 8,747

8 I. Koothaccukulam Ernakulam 199 I M 23.18 16,828 8,363 8,465

82. Koratty Thrissur 1991 CT 10.13 16,603 8,246 8,357

83. * Kocrayam\ Malabar Kal1nur 1981 CT 8.43 14,519 7,106 7,413 1991 CT 8.43 16,526 +2,007 +13.82 8.047 8,479

84. *Kadachira I Kannur 1981 CT 7.95 14,782 7,159 7,623 1991 CT 7.95 16,441 + 1,659 + 11.22 7,867 8,574

85. Cherukunnu Kannur 1991 CT 15.37 16,246 7,473 8,773

86. Arookutty Alappuzha 199 I CT 11.10 15,693 7,840 7,353

87. ·Peralasseri2 Kannur 1981 ' CT 10.81 13,395 6,488 6,907 1991 CT 10.81 15,209 +1,814 +13.54 7,323 7,886

88. ·Chala Kannur 1981 CT 9.26 12,645 6,192 6,453 1991 CT 9.26 14,854 +2,209 + 17.47 7,184 7,6/0

1 Entire Kadambur village of KJ~nur was treated as a town in 1981 with the name Kadachlra. 2 The entire Makrerl village of Cann;more taluk was treated as a town in 1981 with the name . 157 A-4 : TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 SI. Name of Town/ State/ Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No.Urban District Year town km 2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 89. Kannur 1991 CT 13.01 14,737 7,138 7,599

90. *Plnarayt Kannur 1981 CT 9.63 13,107 6,325 6,782 1991 CT 9.63 14,696 + 1,589 + 12.12 7,061 7,635

91. Kannur 1991 CT 11.73 14,162 6,858 7,304

92. EruvJtti Kannur 1991 CT 10.41 14,063 6,810 7,253

93. Varam Kannur 1991 CT 9.83 13,777 6,632 7,145

94. *Chewoor Thrlssur 1981 CT 6.08 12,318 5,900 6,418 1991 CT 6.08 13,773 +1,455 + 11.81 6,568 7,205

95. MathilakJm Thrlssur 1991 CT· 6.36 13,732 6,406 7,326

96. *Pullazhl Thrlssur 1981 CT 7.88 10,759 5,026 5,733 1991 CT 7.88 13,362 +2,603 +24.19 6,293 7,069

97. *Kanhlrode Kannur 1981 CT 8.14 10,327 5,012 5,315 1991 CT 8.14 12,543 +2,216 +21.46 6,084 6,459

98. *Marllthakkara Thrissur 1981 CT 6.91 10,936 5,326 5,610 1991 CT 6.91 12,337 +1,401 + 12.81 6,118 6,219

99. *Puthukkad Thrlssur 1981 CT 6.41 11,112 5,387 5,725 1991 CT 6.41 11,752 + 640 + 5.76 5,650 6,102

100. KannadipJramba Kannur 1991 CT 8.89 11,599 5,646 5,953

101 . Mavi/Jyi Kannur 1991 CT 8.59 11,453 5,532 5,921

102. *Avlnlssery Thrlssur 1981 CT 4.69 9,303 4,600 4,703 1991 CT 4.69 10,559 +1,256 + 13.50 5,324 5,235

103. *Idukki Township' Idukkl 1981 TS 32.00 8,886 4,636 4,250 1991 TS 32.00 10,225 + 1,339 + 15.07 5,263 4,962

CLASS V (5,000-9,999 Population) (6 Towns)

ALL TOWNS Kerala 1901 21,359 10,607 10,752 1911 47,538 + 26,179 + 122.57 23,857 23,681 1921 1,01,115 + 53,577 + 112.70 51,065 50,050 1931 1,07,795 + 6,680 + 6.61 54,167 53,628 1941 1,25,278 + 17,483 + 16.22 62,624 62,654 1951 1,80,410 + 55,IJ2 + 44.01 90,021 90,389 1961 !l8.81 65,164 -1,152,46 - 63.88 32,310 32,854 1971 65.99 67,224 + 2,060 + 3.16 33,450 33,774

I Idukki township which was Formed In 1976 lies in twO taluks viz. Udumbanchola and Thodupuzha. 158 A-4 TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 SI. Name of Town! State! Status of Area in Persons Decade Percentage Males Females No. Urban District Year town km 2 Variation Decade Agglomeration Variation

2 3 4 5 6 i 8 9 10 11

1981 36.69 18,189 - 49,035 -72.94 9,236 8,953 1991 27.39 44,530 + 26,341 +144.82 21,605 22,925

104. Kuftoor Thrissur 1991 CT 6.38 9,631 4,760 4,871

J05. Chebx.br3 ThrissUT 1991 CT 3.68 7,971 3,750 4,221

106. Manjeshwar Kasaragod 1961 CT 9.38 10,110 4,890 5,220 1971 CT 9.38 12,967 + 2,857 + 28.26 6,439 6,528 1981 Declassifled 1991 CT 3.96 7,886 3,910 3,976

107. KO/3Zhy Thrissur 1991 CT 5.60 7,165 3,435 3,730 ~

J08. P311ssery Thrlssur 1991 CT 3.13 6,156 3,002 3,154

109. Pottore Thrlssur 1991 CT 4.64 5,721 2,748 2,973

CLASS VI

(LESS THAN 5,000 Population)

ALL TOWNS KERALA 1901 1911 4,958 2,400 2,558 1921 31,009 +26,051 +525.43 16,107 14,902 1931 27,740 -3,269 -10.54 14,448 13,292 1941 29,868 + 2,128 + 7.67 14,935 14,933 1951 58,175 +28,307 + 94.77 29,643 28,532 1961 1971 5.90 4,382 2,471 1,911

Note: 1 Names of towns treated as such for the first time In 1991 (Vide Co12) are printed In Italics. 2 Towns treated as such for the first time in the 1981 Census and continue as such in 1991 (Vide col. 2) have been marked with an asterisk (.) on their left. I The following abbreviations are used to denote the civic status of towns. C-Corporatlon; M-Munkipal town; Cann-Cantonment; TS-Township; OG-Outgrowth; CT -Census town (No;t-Municipal) 'l Area figures for 196 f, f 97 f, 198 f and f 991 are ~n In col.6 ofthe table for each town as supplied by the local authorities in the respective censuses. Wherever there is change in area between 198 I and 1991, the reasons for the same have been given In Appendix 4 of this table.

159 A-4:TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATION CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901 APPENDIX 1

New Towns added in 1991 and Towns in 1981 declassified in 1991

State/ New Town Jcded in 1991 Towns in 1981 which have been declassified as rural in 1991 District Name of Town Area In Population Name of Area in Population Km 2 Town Km' 1991 1981 1991 1981

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Kasaragod 1. Manjeshwar 3.96 7,886 6,566 2. K}nhangad 39.54 57,165 46,176 3. Perole 12.09 13,884 16,753 4. N;' ~shwa\' 14.14 22,661 14,775 5. ChHu\,athur 18.37 24,504 20,573

Kannur 6. ?ayyannur 54.63 64,032 53,992 7. Cheruthazham 32.18 23,099 18,794 R Cherukunnu I S.37 16,246 14,940 9. !{ annapur am 14.38 18,158 16,900 10. Kannadiparamba 8.89 11,599 9,619 I J. Varam 9.83 13,777 11,598 12. Munderi IZ.2S 17,358 14,288 13. iri .. eri 1l.73 14,162 12,049 14. Ancharai

Wayanad 26. Kalpena 34. \ 4 22.949 17,808

K0zhikode 27. ~J lU.lpUnn1 20.44 35,245 29,462 28. 'lilliappaliy 17.35 29,996 25,343 29. M~\'oor 20.48 26,144 24,165 3~:_ K,\,:t:kkanoor 13.67 P.~OI 12,860 ~; '. P·.'ruma· .na iJ.45 22,38 ! 17,500

r ~_ K.~ : _,', al:y ; 'L61 23,::24 19,316 3':;. 18.59 3C,O:'4 24,129 34. KunI'l2".angal;,m 2. : ,'~ H,ll? 27,033

,.;'ee';~~kavu !U I I ; :;,;~ J t~ 13,036

~, ~, '~, .nananlll

~ .

APPENDIX I

New Towns added in 1991 and Towns in 1981 declassified in 1991

State! New Town added in 1991 Towns in 1981 which have been declassified as rural in 1991 District Name of Town Area in Population Name of Area in Population Km 2 Town Km' 1991 1981 1991 1981

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Malappuram 39. Perinthalmanna 34.41 39,027 19,72 I

Palakkad 40. Mannarkad 63.38 45,422 35,785 4 I. Puthuppariyaram 19.93 24,808 21,457 42. Marutharode 9.52 16,089 12,205 43. Koduvayur 10.53 17,647 17,723 44. Puthunagaram 9.24 15,691 12,343

Thrissur 45. Chelakkara 3.68 7,971 7,426 46. Pookode 4.96 8,162 7,487 47. Perakam 5.06 9,540 8,303 48. Thaikkad 3.73 7,329 5,861 49. Paluvai 4.35 6,750 6,303 50. Pavaratty 4.12 10,439 9,721 51. Venmenad 5.07 9,287 8,774 52. Kolazhy 5.60 7,165 5,572 53. Pottore 4.64 5,721 4,645 54. Kuttoor 6.38 9,631 8,858 55. Palissery 3.13 6,156 5,485 56. Nettissery 4.22 7,536 7,501 57. Mathilakam 6.36 13,732 12,657 58. Eriyad 9.51 23,510 21,483 59. Koratty 10.13 16,603 14,984

Ernakulam 60. Choornikkara 17.02 34,837 25,378 61. Edathala 28.92 56,397 50,746 62. Moothakunnam 9.83 26,553 24,796 63. Kedamangalam 7.66 18,500 12,243 64. Alangad 21.02 35,620 32,186 65. Varappuzha 7.74 22,514 20,627 66. Kadungalloor 14.66 25,433 27,877 67. Cheranalloor 10.59 21,407 18,381 68. Vazhakkala 12.87 33,167 20,247 69. Thiruvankulam 10.49 18,412 15,517 70. Piravom 29.36 25,203 24,048 71. Koothattukulam 23.18 16,828 15,057

Kotcayam 72. Eraccupetta 14.24 21,226 16,505 73. Perumbaikad 14.04 39,363 35,308 74. Nattakal11 22.33 37,564 34,799 75. Kanjirappally 52.47 37,017 36,546

161 A-4!TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATION CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901

APPENDIX 1

New Towns added in 1991 and Towns in 1981 declassified in 1991

State/ New Town added in 1991 Towns in 1981 which have neen declassified as rural in 1991 District Name of Town Area ill Popul~tion Name of Area in Population Km 2 Town Km 2 1991 1981 1991 1981

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 AlappLlzha 76. Aroor 15.14 31,642 29,002 5.91 NA 21068 77. ArookLitty 11. 10 15,693 14,079 78. Kodamthuruthu 10.81 18,124 16,705 79. Vayalar •14.45 22,384 20,698 80. Kokkothamangalam 11.29 15,904 14,528 81. Thanneermukkom 23.91 28,728 26,087 82. Muhamma 26.76 22,541 20,705 83. Mannanchery 26.52 24,977 27,085 84. Komalapuram 14.00 37,253 26,515

Pathanamthitta 85. Pandalam 28.42 37,733 35,391 86. Adoor 20.42 26,639 24,995

Kollam 87. Mangad 6.55 28,317 28,648 88. Kilikollur 4.66 28,456 29,655

Trivandrum 89. Vakkom 7.47 20,103 20,444 90. Ulloor 7.97 25,719 20,309 91. Kudappanakunnu 7.69 33,534 27,118 92. Nemom 12.87 42,559 33,288

162 A-4:TOWNS AND URBAN AGGLOMERATION CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1991 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1901

APPENDIX - 2

Places with J population of under 5000 classified as (Owns for the first time ;n 1991

Towns District Area in Population Km 2 in 1991 in 1991

2 3 4

NIL

APPENDIX - 3

Places with J population of lInder 5000 in 198 I which were towns in 1981 but have been declassified in '991.

Towns District Area in Population Km2 in 1991 in 1991

2 3 4

NIL

APPENDIX - 4

Changes between 1981 and 1991 in area and Population of towns and reasons for change in area

SI. Name of Town Area in Km 2 Population in Reason for the No. (District) change in Area 1981 1991 1981 1991

2 3 4 5 6 7

I. Maradu (Ernakulam) 12.35 12.34 28,749 34,995 Revised Computation 2. Eloo~ (Ernakulam) 20.73 14.21 46.856 34,455 Change in jurisdiction 3. Paravur (Ernakulam) 9.03 9.02 26,288 27,906 Revised Computation 4. Cheriya~adavu (Ernakulam) 4.13 4.12 6,713 7,401 5. Kozhikode (Kozhikode) 82.67 82.68 394,447 419,831 6. Beypore (Kozhikode) 10.41 10.42 40,946 56,505 7. Olavanna (Kozhikode) 21.43 11.33 34,004 28,382 Change in Jurisdiction 8. Feroke (Kozhikode) 13.53 7.58 37,720 25,511 9. Thalassery (Kannur) 15.35 23.96 75,561 103,579 10. Azhikode South (Kannur) 16.05 7.40 37,273 23,077 11. New Mahe (Kannur) 11.44 2.82 32,590 11,939 II " 12. Eravipuram (Kollam) 10.06 6.60 47,274 34,627 13. Malappuram (Malappuram) 33.60 33.61 39,786 49,692 Revised Computation 14. Cherthala (Alappuzha) 16.19 16.18 40,492 43,326 " " 15. Vadakara (Kozhikode) 21.34 21.33 64,174 72,434 16. Methala (Thrissur) 11.66 11.81 30,426 33,896 17. Taliparamba (Kannur) 18.21 43.08 29,901 60,226 Change in Jurisdiction 18. Thiruvalla (Pathanamthitta) 14.47 27.94 29,225 54,780 " " 19. Ottappalam (Palakkad) 16.98 32.66 23,156 44,186 20. Kothamangalam (Ernakulam) 37.45 40.04 33,122 35,535 Revised Computation 21. Vadakkekara (Ernakulam) 16.71 6.88 42,267 18,975 Change in Jurisdiction

163

AS-STANDARD URBAN AREAS -~ "'~/''''''''''.~IOV 1l,I' ..... __ •• _/n.'7/"" .. "'\ KANNUR \ ST ANDARD URBAN AREA

(District Kannur I Kerala)

Metres 1000 500 0 3 Kilometres ---_...... ;;;;;;;;j,-- ...

GROWTH OF POPULATION" OF THE SUA 1981-91 t5

BOUNDARY,TALUK

URBAN STANDARD URB~ AREA ...... -.... ~-. URBAN AGGLOMERATION / . _/_ .. _ o MUNICIPAL TOWN AREA. .., ... Growth rate excludes OTHER TOWN C. T.(CENSUS TOWN) L------____ J lPitlroyer urban ateas. I Reali 9rowlh of URBAN BUILl UP / AREA .. , ~/D apec:ifl< utban comp- .. · .. OII.n" on IN scalt RAILWAY, BROAD GAUGE ... M of tM S.U.A. NATIONAL HIGHW",., WITH NUMBER ... NH·17 OTHER ROADS ... WATER BOOIES: LAKES/BACK WATERS ... ~ RIVER(TIOAL} AND TRIBUTARIES _ ~ SPLl-OVER URBAN AREA ...... I I bATA NOT AVAILABLE ..... N. A.

Based upon Survey of Indio map with the The territorial ~aters. of Indio ~xtend into the sea to a distant, of ~ Go ... rnment of Indio C6pyrlght,199. permission 01 the Surv~yor General of India. Iwel~e nauUca! miles rneasur~ from Ihe appropriate base line.

THALASSERY STANDARD URBAN AREA (District Kannur, Keralo) o 2 Kilometr(>s

POND/CHERRY CMAHE)

GROWTH OF POPULATION OF THE 5 U A 1981-91

20

§ II: 0 ...'" BOUNDARY, STATE I U. T...... _. ____ !- URBAN TAL UK ..... _._._._ o STANDARD URBAN AREA ...... •..___ _ URBAN AGGLOMERATION. / MUNICIPAL TOWN AREA ... _/_ .. _ Read qrowth of specific urban components on OTHER TOWN. C.T. (CENSUS TOWN) ...... C==::::J the scale of the SUA. URBAN BUILT UP / AREA ... ~'I:':': I RAIL WA Y, BROAD GAUGE ... .. __-=oi'-=-~ NA TIONAL HIGHWAY WITH NUMBER NH fI STATE HIGH.WAY... IH OTHER ROADS ...... WATER BODIES: LAKES/BACK WATERS... '" "~ RIVERS(TlDALl ANa TRIBUTARIES ." ... ~ DA T A NOT AVAILABLE ...... , ...... N. A.

Based upon Survey of Indio map with the The territorial waters of India extend into © Government of India Copyright,1998 permission of the Surveyor General of India. the sea to a distance of twelve' nautical miles measured from the appropriate base line.

- VADAKARA STANDARD URBAN AREA (District Kozhikode, Kerala )

ME'tres 1000 50'0 0 2 3 Kilometres

to Noda:» uram

LAKSHADWEEP SEA

GROWTH OF POPULATION OF THE SUA 1981- 91

50

30 URBAN

I 2"0 BOUNDARY) TAlUK _...... STANDARD URBAN AREA ...... ffi '" ..... ---- u \0 URBAN AGGLOMERATION I t:-1UNICIPAl TOWN AREA .. _/~ .. _ a: OTHER C.T. (CENSUS TOWN)...... LIJ TOWN~ [:===_1 0.. VILLAGE WITH LOCATION CODE NUMBER. . .. c=-~~~ _j URBAN BUILT UP / AREA. _...... ~ l:~:::

Bciud upon Survey of India map with The territorial waters of India extend intoth. sea @Government of Indlu Copyi'ightJ.'.9ge the ~rmission of the Surveyor General to a distance of twelve nautical milts measured "i ,- •

... _,...-"_.' •.!..!--

KO'ZHIKODE STANDARD URBAN AREA Districts of Kozhikode 8.. Malappuram,Keralq )

GROWTH OF POPULATION OF THE 5 U ,A 1981-91

URBAN 30 I II to II § II ffi -10 0/ II i!! -20 .. I I

I!. I .f I RURAL :'l~ ; -5 , , Grow1h rates exclude spill-owr an,as. Read Grow1h of specific urban components on tht scate of the SUA.

BOUNDARY, DIS TRICT •. TAtUl< ... STANDARD ~BAN AREA. ... lRlAN AGGlOMERATION/CORPORATION· .. aTHER TOW~. C.T.(CENSUS TOWN) .....r:==:J VILLAGE WITH LOCATION COOE NUMBER .....['I-I-.TI.J ADMI~STRAnVE HEAOOUARTERSOF TALUK,otStRlCT ... ®, • URBAN BUILT Lf' / AREA ... RAILWAY, BROAD GAUGE ... ~'D ...... NH-t7 NATIONAL HIGHWAY WITH NUMBER-. STATE HIGHWAY-· SH OTHER ROADS ... WATER BODIES: LAKES, S':'CKWATERS ... '_'.:'_'_'.~

RIVERS (TlIlAL) AND TRIBUTARIES ... ~ OUT GROWTH ... O.G GROWTH RATE OF RpRAL POPULATION 1981- 91 .50·01 _, 70· 00 30-00 & BELOW .... (e I_CORPORATION ... ~ DATA NOT AVAILABLE (P)-PART N.A. SPILj.- OVER URBAN AREA .. "LI __-,

-.. upon St.rvty r# India map with U. pfrmi:aon of the Thf territorial woters of Indio ~tend into the S6'Q to (I di::.tance of C 60¥ft"rment of Indio Co~,199I --1:' m 1h,. a-.,ropriaw bese line·

PALAKKAD STANDARD URBAN AREA (District Polokkod,'Kero 10)

TALUK •.• '" ... GROWTH OF POPULATION STANDARD URBAN AREA OF THE 5 U A 1981- 91 .g URBAN AGGl.OMERATION/MUNICIPAl\ '" ... -1--.- 60 \ TOWNAREAj URBAN .•. ,----,L-____ ...I so OTHER TOWN· C.TICEHSUS TOWN) VILLAGE WITH L.e. NUMBER •.. 1 (J 40 .. -[]":1- URBAN BUILT UP / AREA .. . 30 RAILWAY, BROAD GAUGE ...... ~~~::::., 20 METRE GAUGE '" .. . .. MM-4l Z NATIONAL Ht:;HWAY WIT H NUMBER ... III 10 .... StAn:: HIGHWAY··· ... . .' SH 0 OTHER ROADS .. , .. . II: - III IL -10 .. RIVERS AND TRIBUTARIES ...... ~ _20 OUT GROWTH ., .... '" ~ .. 0.6 GROWTH RAtE OF RURAl POPULATION 1981-91 -30 .. 30·01' ABOVE -40 .. ]0·00 a. I!ELOW ... -50 RU>;AL NEGATIVE ...

R.od ,rowtlr of urban tOlllpOlWnt DATA NOT AVAILABLE on II.. scal. of til. SUA. (Pl- PART

lased upon Su...y of India map with the .,.rmiuion of the 511 ...... Generol of India.

THRISSUR STANDARD URBAN AREA (District Thrissur. Kerala)

M~(res 1000 500 0 3 4 K ilome(r~ _&iiI!!!!!~iiiiiiiiii~"""",",""""

BOUNDARY, TALUK " STANDARD URBAN AREA. n URBAN AGGLOMERATION/MUNICIPAL TOWN AREA __/_ •. _ GROWTH OF POPULATION 11 OTHER TOWNS, C. T. (CENSUS TOWN) ..... OF THE 5 U A 1981-91 c===:::;

URBAN ·SU1LT UP / AREA .. ..~~L:...:..:..:.:J=1= RAILWAY, BROAD GAUGE. .ft NIH' ~ ::~ - NATIONAL HIGHWAY WITH NUMBER. STATE HIGHWA~. ,H OTHER ROADS ... : ':~BAN RIVERS ·AND TRIBUTARIES ... .. ~ Read Growth "I specific Urban OUT GROWTH ...... O.G components on the scale 8ATA NOT AVAILABLE _. N.A of the SUA. The blank barS indicate ncgatiw growth of Urban population.

Based upon Survfy.ol India map with the ~rmission of the Surnyor General ., India. C Govtrnm~t of India Copyright. 1998. rr===--- ! KOCHI ! STANDARD URBAN AREA (District Ernakulam, Kerala)

GROWTH OF POPULATION OF THE 5 U A 1981-91

BOUNDARY, DISTRICT 40 J TALUK STANDARD URBAN AREA ... --.-.- ::u: U.eAN URBAN AGGLOMERATION '01 CORPORA TlON/MUNICIPAL :rOWN AREA o I OTHER TOWN. c.T.lcENSUS TOWN) -, 0 ~ i I VILLAGE WITH LOCATION CODE NUMBER EiffL~ ~ i I ® tj-20 .... ADMINISTRATIVE HEADQUARTERS OF TALUK URB AN BUlL T UP / ARE A =lF01~~ ffi-30 -; a. RAILWAY .BROAD GAUGE i!O-40 1 P'URAL NH- 47 NATIONAL HIGHWAY WITH NUMBER -50 ~ STATE HIGHWAY. SH -GO -i I OTHER ROADS

- 70- The blank bar Irldlcot€:S ncqatl'¥t WATER BODIES; LAKES, BACK WATERS. growth (If Urban population -80 J RIVERS (TIDALl AND TRIBUTARIES (CLCORPORA110N Growth rah~5 e'llcludf' OUT GROWTH spIll-over area;;: IWad Growth of speCifiC Urban compone-nls on I"eo sea"e DATA '"'01 AVAILABLE N A. of 'h@ SUA SPILL-OYER URBAN AREA C=J

Based upon Surve..,* of India ~ap With the Th'!' terr.torra! waters of India (";>"Iend Into the sea to a distance of twelve nculleal mites mt"Qs'.Ired © GO'l'rnment of Ind.a copynqnt. 1996

KOTTAVAM STANDARD URBAN AREA (District Kottayam, Kerala)

GROWTH OF POPULA nON "h.·tr~s 1000 500 C 2 3 M~oll"lr~ OF THE SUA 1981- 91 100

80

60

40 URBAN

I­ Z W U 20 a:: w Q_ O+-~--,__..

-20 ,.

TO KANJIRAPPAllY -40 RURAL

i:: I.. _80 J L

Growth, 0(,,; ~xclud~ Spilt-ov",. arcus.' Read Grow',,", ot urile" componen t on the sec!, of the SUA.

BOUNDARY, TALUK .. STANDARD URBAN AREA... ." ... URBAN AGGlOMERATION /MUNICIPAL TOWN AREA. OTHER TOWN, C. T. (CENSUS TOWN) VILLAGE WITH LOCATION CODE NUMBER

URBAN BUILT UP/AREA .. RAILWAY, BROAD GAUGE STATE HIGHWAY. SH OTHER ROADS ... WATER BOOtES; LAKE RIVERS (TIDAl) AND TRIBUTARIES .. ~ ~ OUT GROWTH O.G GROWTH RATE OF RURAL POPULATION 1981- 91 70.01 &- ABOYE 30.00& BELOW· .. · •~

DATA NOT AVAILABLE .. N.A The ~ar\k bar indicates negative growth 01 urban population. S"ILL-OVER URBAN AREA ... (P) PART

Bos.d upon Surv.y of India map with the permission of the Surv.yor G.n.rol of India. © Government of India Copyright ,199&.

CHANGANASSERY STANDARD URBAN AREA

District Kottayam, Ker~la Kilometre5 2 3 4

BOUNDARY, "!'ALUI( •...... _._._._ " STANDARD URBAN AREA...... ___ _ " MUNICIPAL TOWN AREA... '" ..... _ •• _ •• _ " VILLAGE WITH LOCATION CODE NUMBER['O-4- C URBAN BUILT UP{_ AREA .... :. ..' ...... ~/ 0 RS RAILWAY, BROAD GAUGE ...... '" ...... Ie ___

STATE HIGHWAY··· ...... SH GROWTH OF POPULATION OTHER ROADS...... , ...... OF THE SUA 1981·91 1.5 RIVERS (TIDAL) AND TRIBUTARIES .. , ...."~

GROWTH RATE OF RURAL POPULATION 1981- 91

too RURAL lO· 00 &. BELOW 10 4.Ja NEGATIVE •.. (P) - PART

5

Read ~ of urban component on tlw leelle of the 5 U A.

Ia," upan s-y t1f IndlG map with ~ pmniliSicr> ©Govcrtl~nt of India Copyright,,,,. !if iha SoIrvcyor Gcncrol at India

ALAPPUZHA

STANDARD URBAN ~REA (District AlappuzhQ, Keralal

Metres 1000 500 0 .'.' _I _=-iiiii __"'iiiiiii~1KilOmttrtS

'BOUNDARY, TAlUK •.

51 ANDARD URBAN AREA " URBAN AGGlOMERATIONI }"" '" _/_•. _ MUNICIP AL TOWN AREA t

" OTHER TOWN, C.T. (CENSUS TOWNI"'~::'""] I, fl " VillAGE WITH 1.0CATION CODE NUMBER...[_1i-z-t:'J

URBAN BUilT UP IAREA .n ~I;:: :] I' RAILWAY; BROAD GAUGE I_

ritA TIONAl HIGHWAY WITH NUMBER .... tiH-47 STATE HIGHWAY ... sit I GROWTH OF POPULATION OTHER ROADS n. rF THE S U • f!e1-91 WATER BODIES: LAKES, ...... -.~ RIVERS(TIDAL) AND TRIBUTARIES ...-.~¥FF§:;;/ OUT GROWTH ... C.G

SPILL -OVER URBAN AREA '"

OAT A NOT AV,II.ILABLE N.A.

Growth rates t"cludt spijl- O'Itf (Il"fQS. (Pj-PART Plead (;rowth at urban component I Qn the' scalt of the S. U. A. Based upon Survey of India map with the permiS&ion The territorial waters of India elfttnd into the Sf

KAYAMKULAM STANDARD URBAN AREA (District Alappuzha,Kerata)

METRES flO soo 0 2 3 ! ! ! I

DISTRICT KOLlAM • BOUNDARY, DISTRICT ...... ,. .. _-_ ...... _.- " TALUK ... " STANDARD URBAN AREA·· .. ---- GROWTH OF POPULATION " MUNICIPAL TOWN AREA .. OF THE SUA 1981-91 VILLAGE WITH LOCATION CODE} r----, "'L 11- 4 - 16J NUMBER ----

-40 URBAN BUILT UP/AREA ...... ' ...... '~/EJ"''''...... RAILWAY, BROAD GAUGE ~ wZ 30 RURAL ~ u NATIONAL HIGHWAY WITH NUMBER NH-47 cr 20 w STAT£ HIGHWAY ... SH Cl. 10 OTHER ROADS .. · Z ~ 0 WATER BODrES: LAKE! BACKWATER ... ~ Read growth of urban component RIVERS (TIDAL) & TRIBUTARIES ...... ~- on the scale of the SUA. GROWTH RATE OF RURAL POPULATION 1981-91 30·00 & BELOW", E2 (P)- PART

Based upon Survey of India map with the C Government of India Copyright) 1998. permission of the Surveyor General of India.

KOlLAM STANDARD URBAN AREA (District Kollam, Keraf,)

()

s

GROWTH OF POPULATION OF THE 5 U A 1981-91 50 URBAN 40

30 BOUNDARY, TALUK ...... '" ...... '" ...... 20- " STANDARD URBAN AREA ...... , .0 • ...z ... _----- w lO- J! URBAN AGGLOMERATION I MUNICIPAL TOWN AREA ..... ···--1-··- U " OTHER TOWN_, C.T (CENSUS TOWN)...... C ---·___ --J It iWi'i---, II: " VILLAGE WITH LOCATION CODE NUMBER...... '" [ .l!!'"'J.:1i.-J ~ ADNI'NISJRATIVE HEADQUARTERS OF TAUJK ... f) -10 z URBAH BUILT UP ...... ~ - -20 RAILWAY. BROAD GAU6E oo __ . AI! d t II METRE GAUGE ,,,,,.N ••• -30 NATIONAL HIGHWAY WITH NUNBER .. . ,,":47 -!,C.- STj.YE HIGHWAY...... SH .. , OTHi:.R RCAOS ...... WATER BODIES: LAKES I BACI(WATE"~~ ... ~ .-~o"j RIVERSITIDAL) AND TRIBUTAAJES; .... _ ...... ,~~ ill OUT GROWTH.. '" ...... - O.G. -70 RIJRAL R",od Growth of specific urban GROWTH RATE OF RURAL POPULATION 1981- 91 components on th'e scale of 30·00 &. BELOW .. . ~ th. SUA. DATA NOT AVAILABI.E...... '" ...... The blank bar indicat",s negative N.A. growth of urban population.

Bastel upon Surveyo( India mop with the r ",rmission The territorial waters of India extend into· the stQ of the Surveyor ~ntrGl of India. to a distance of twelv. nautical milts mfQSurtd from the appropriate bCllf lint.

TRIVANDRUM STANDARD URBAN AREA

District Trivandrum, Kerala

GROWTH OF POPULATION OF THE 5 U A 1981-91

5Q

URBAN .5 BOUNDARY, TALUK ......

o .. CORPORATION AREA .. . llj:.~:.. . OTHER TOWN. C.T.jCENSUS TOWN) , VILLAGE WITH LOCATION CODE NUMB:=R ",..~ AOI'IINISTRATIVE HEADOUARTERS OF TALUK ._

~-l Il~1 URBAN BUILT UP IAREA ~/D z !:iRURAL RAILWAY, BROAD GAUGE Ai - I .. · -501~ iJ NATIONAL HIGHWAY WITH NUMBER ... NH - 1.7 ! !::: STATE HIGHWAY SH 1 1;:1 OTHER ROADS.. .. -7541,::~:1, WATER BOOI_ES: LAKES/BACK WATERS ... ~ I RIVERS{TIDALJ AND TRIBUTARIES, ~ OUT GROWTH I ;j O.G GROWTH RA TE OF RURAL POPULATION 1981-1991 -looJ lJ 30.00 & BELOW.

Based upon Survey 01 India map with the The terr;t.JNll waters of ,r,dia extend Iflte tne sea to 0 distance of ~ Government of Indio c.,yrl~t. 199., permission of the Surveyor General of IndIa. .welve noutlcal mjle~ neo~ured from the app·~.:..r:ate base line

A-S STANDARD URBAN AREAS

Fly leaf

. Apart from providing census data on different aspects into account not only the towns and villages which are -for the administrative units like states, districts, taluks, -towns expected to get merged with it but also intervening rural areas and villages in response to the ever growing demand of -which are potentially urban. This covers all extra municipal planners, administrators, scholars and others the census growths sud! as suburbs(industrial and residential), railway organisation has endeavored to tabulate and present census colonies, civil lines, cantonments and villages and rural areas Statis~ics on certain well defined areas, delineated on the basis which are likely to be urbanised by I 99 I . of a number of physical and demographic characteristics. An--attempt made in this direction was first made in 196 I The concept of Standard Urban Area was adopted Census to provide suitable data on trends of urbanisation by for the first time in 197 I census. It was a long time planning -adopting the concept of town groups which comprised of area and was to remain as a statistical reporting unit during jndependent urban units not necessarily contiguous to one the three successive censuses 197 I, 1981 and 1991. Like anotlter. [t was .subsequently observed that this concept the Urban Agglomeration, Standard Urban Area is also an suffered from some limitations. The data of one census could area unit which extended beyond the main city or town limit, not'be compared with another census because of the changes municipal or otherwise. However, unlike in the case of Urban in the boundaries of the towns and intermediate areas having Agglomeration which represents the acwal urban spread at a been left out of reckoning. The town planners were finding it given time, the Scimdard Urban Area is a large area unit difficult to assemble census data for the urbanisable areas which includes not merely urban areas lying in close proximity around the urban centres for preparing the master plans for but all surrounding and intervening rural pockets which are cities and towns. Therefore, the concept of IT own group' likely to be urbanised by I 991 and this serve the role of a and (ensus statistics derived therefrom were found to be of constant statistical reporting unit for these censuses, not much help for perspective planning for urban areas. To irrespective of the change in the local administrative over-come this deficiency the Census organisation contemplated boundaries of units within the Standard Urban Area. Thus replacing the concept of IT own group' by a more suitable the boundary of Standard Urban Area is not expected to concept which could form the basis of a constant statistical undergo any change even though the limits of the existing spatial reporting unit and serve the need of preparation of town may change. Consequently, data generated by the master plans for cities or towns and for helping in urban censuses for the Standard Urban Area become more developmental planning. The international Geographical meaningful as it is comparable in different decades. conference held in in 1969 had emphasised the desirability of evolving a suitable concept which would ensure The characteristic features of a Standard Urban Area comparability over space and time and help in urban planning. are given below: The idea of standard urban area mooted in the first -(i) It should have a core town with a minimum population conference was developed and refined further in a series of of 50,000. meetings involving the Ministry of Works and Housing, Town and Country Planning Organisation and the office of the (ii) Contiguous areas made up of other urban as well as Registrar Gener~llndia. The concept of Town group was rural administrative units should have close muwal socio given up during 1'971 census and in its place the concept of economic linkages with the core town. Urban J\.ggIomeration and Standard Urban Area were evolved. (iii) The probability is that the entire area will get urbanised The distinction between Urban Agglomeration and within a period of 2 to 3 decades. The Standard Urban Standard Urban Area is to be made clear. The Urban Area has been identified with respect to administrative Agglomeration represents a contiguous urban spread units such as Cities, towns or villages forming part of constituting a town and its adjoining urban outgrowth or two it. The boundary of Standard Urban Area remains or more physically contiguous towns together with contiguous co-terminous with the administrative boundaries of well recognised urban outgrowths which may actually fall the peripheral units. within the revenue limits of a village or villages. These (urbanised' villages or outgrowths deserved to be reckoned In 197 I, the delineation of Standard Urban Area was along with the town in confirmity with the continuous urban done jointly by the Census Directorate of Kerala and the spread. The Urban Agglomeration represents a spatial urban Town Planning Department of Kerala, the office of the spread at a given time. Registrar General India and the Central 1 own and Country Planning Organisation, New Delhi. They formulated tentative The Standard Urban Area was defined as the projected proposals showing the Urban areas, limits of cities and towns growth area of a city or town as it would be in I 99 I taking and the villages and towns on the pheriphery of the core

193 town/city which together were to constitute the Standard of 1981 was declassified as rural. But some rural areas of Urban Area tract. In identifying the unit the following 1981 were treated as new towns in 1991. This resulted in yardsticks were used. some changes in mral and urban components of the Standard Urban Area of 1991 over that of 1981 census. However, (a) A core town with a population of 50,000 and above the following 13 Standard Urban Areas which were delineated in 1971 census. in 1971 continued in 1981 and 1991 also.

(b) Predominant urban land use. The trends in the urban 1. Kannl1r spread of the principal central town or city was taken 2. Thalassery note of. This involved the appreciation of the extent and the direction of urban growth and the recognition 3. Kozhikode of any physical constraints such as topography, water 4. Vadakara bodies, marshes etc. to such urban expansion. 5. Palakkad (c) Intensive interaction with urban centres as reflected in 6. Thrissur commutation for the purposes of work and secondary 7. Kochi education facilities, extension of city bus services, sale 8. Changanassery of commodities like milk, dairy products, vegetables( other than those transported by train or 9. Kottayam truck) and purchase of food grains, cloth and general 10. Alappuzha provision etc. by the consumers directly. 11. Kayamkulam (d) Anticipated urban growth as a result of locational 12. Kollam decision relating to industry, market, transport, and 13. Trivandrum communication, administrative and servicing functions. These Standard Urban Areas are presented in the AS (e) Existence of big villages with a large proportion of Table in this volume. This table provides basic data like civic working force engaged in non-agricultural industrial status, Area in Km 2, density, occupied residential houses,· categories. number of households and population by sex for' total

population, houseiess population and institutional populationl (f) The growth of villages and towns on the pherlpllery of for the Standard Urban Areas as well as its components. It the limits of the municipality/town and the prospects also provides the total population o(the last 3 censuses for of their coalescence in future with the main city' was such areas. The districts are arranged in the order of location assessed. This implied the projection of their population code numbers. The Standard Urban Areas are arranged in and the extent of their physical growth upto 1991 . alphabetical order within the district if there are more than one Standard Urban Area in a district. The data is presented (g) While including the village, the entire revenue area of in the sequence oftotaVUrban/Rural as was done in previous the village then existing was brought with the Standard censuses The urban components have been arranged in Urban Area and not merely the village site. descending order of the 1991 population and outgrowths are shown with Roman numbers under the respective towns­ The standard Urban Area is a constant areal,statistical to which they belong. The rural components are arranged in reporting unit and is not supposed to undergo changes after the order of their 1991 census location code numbers. initial delineation and subsequent modification in terms of its boundaries. In the 1981 Census, d:e approach was that the The changes in the boundaries of the Standard Urban boundaries of the Standard Urban Area fixed in the 1971 Areas are kept to the minimum to serve the needs for urban census should not be disturbed as far as possible because the development planning besides functioning as a constant area covered by the Standard Urban Area intended to serve statistical reporting unit. The Standard Urban Area concept as the basis of urban development planning for the concerned as stipulated in 1971 implied that the Standard Urban Areas city or town upto 1991. The Chief Town Planner of Kerala boundaries as far as possible should be kept fixed till 1991 . was also consulted in finalising the Standard Urban Area for Only in very exceptional cases the changes are made. the t 981 census. In the 1981 census the definition of urban area was strtctly applied and consequently some of the cet;lsus 29 villages (whole or part) falling in 9 Standard Urban towns of 1971 were declassified as rural in 1981 and sOfTIe Areas of 1981 were treated as towns/urban outgrowths in places were treated as new towns. In 1991 no census town the 1991 census. Their detaiis are given on next page.

194 New Towns/Urban outgrowths in the 1991 Census formed from among Rural Components of Standard Urban Areas of 1981 Name of stand- Name of rural component 1981 Name of urban com- ard urban area ponent town ( 1991 ) Village Whole/Part

2 3 4 Kozhikode Elathur Whole Elathur (OG) & Puthiyangadl (OG) Ramanattukara Whole Ramanattukara(CT) Kadalundi Whole Kadalundi(CT) Perumanna Part Kuttlkkatoor( CT)

Vadakara Part Villiappally( CT)

Pa:akkad Puduppariyaram Part Puthuppariyaram( CT) Marutharode Whole Marutharode( CT)

. Thrissur Poonkunnam Whole Poonkunnam(OG) Trichur Part Thrissur(OG) & Chembukavu (OG) Peringavu Part Peringavu(OG) Nettissery Part Nettissery( CT)

Koehl Kadungalloor Whole Kadungalloor( CT) A1waye Part Edathala(CT) Choornikkara( CT)

Cheranallur Part Cheranalloor( CT) Thlruvankulam Whole Thiruvankulam( CT)

Kottayam Vijayapuram Part Vljayapuram( OG) Perumbaikad Part Perumbaikad(CT) Nattakam Part Nattakam( CT)

Alappuzha '-. Punnapra Part ( OG)

Kollam Thekkumbhagam Part Neendakara(OG) Kllikollur Part Mangad(CT) Quilon Part Sakthikulangara(OG)

Trivandrum Cheruvikkal Part Cheruvikkal(OG) Ulloor Part Ulloor(CT) Chettivilakam Part Kudappanakunnu(CT) Nemom Part Nemom(CT) Thiruvallam Part Thiruvallam( OG) Randamada Part } Anchamada Part Vattiyoorkavu (OG)

A statement showing the changes in the constituent indudingthe changes in the boundary between 1981 and 1991 units of urban components In Standard Urban Areas of 1981 and nature and reason of change is furnished.

195 Changes In Urban Components ofSbndard Urban Areas Lylngwkhln the SUA Boundary During 1981·1991 and Nature and Reason(s) of Change

Urban Components in 1981 1991 Nature and reason(s) of Name of SUA Name(Sbtus) Area Population Name(Status) Area Population change during 1981-91 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

I. Kannur 1. Cannanore(M) 11.03 60,904 ,1. Kannur(M) 11.03 65,238 I. Azhikode(NM) of 1981 2. Azhlkode(NM) 16.05 37,273 2. Chirakkal( CT) . 13.56 39,838 was bifurcated Into 3. Chlrakk~(NM) 13.56 36,124 3. Thottada( eT) 18.26 33,261 Azhlkode North (eT) 8[ 4. Edakkad(NM) 18.26 '29,474 4. Puzhathi(CT) 9.17 30,616 Azhikode South (eT) 5. Puzhathl(NM) 9.17 26,099 5. Bayavoor(CT) 11.57 29,239 in 1991. 6. Bayavo~(NM) 11.57 25,481 6. Pallikkunnu(CT) 6.90 25,057 2. Edakkad (NM) of 1981

7. Palllkunnu(NM) 6.90 22,101 7. Azhikode'South(CT), .. . , . 7.40 23,077 was renamed as Thottada 8. Valapattanam(NM) 2.04 8,080 8. Azhikode North(CT) 8.64 19,277 (eT) iii 1991. 9. Canllanore Cantonment 1.79 4,489 9. Valapattanam(CT) 2.04 8,920 (Cantt) 10. Kannur ~nton!11ent (Cantt) 1.79 4,820 ... ~ 2"Th~assery 1. TelUcherry(M) 15.35 75,561 1. Th~assery(M) 23.96 103,579 1. Kodlyeri Panchayat 8[ 2. Kodlyeri(NM) 11.44 32,590 2. Dhannadom(CT) 10.66 26;705 New Mahe Panchayat 3. Dhannadom(NM) 10.66 23,143 3. Era~h~l( CT) , 10.08 23,584 were parts of Kodlyeri 4. Eranholl(NM) 10.08 21,521 4. New Mahe(CT) 2.82 11 ,939 ,(NM) in 1981. But In 1991 Kodlyeri Panchayat of Ko~yeri (NM) merged with Thalassery (M) and New Mahe Panchayat of Kodiyeri (NM) became an In- dependent town with the name New Mahe(CT).

3. Kozhlkode 1. Callcut( C) 82.67 394,447 1. Kozhikode(C) 82.68 419,831 1. Feroke (NM) of 1981 2. 8eypore( NM) 10.41 40,946 i) Elathur (OG) 13.54 36,410 was bifurcated Into " 3. CheruvannunNM) 10,31 38,941 ii)Puthlyangadi(OG) 0.Q3 377. Feroke (el) and . 4, Feroke(NM) . 13.53 37,720 2. 8eypore(CT) lQ.42 56,505 Karuvanthuruthy(CT) 5. Olavanna(NMj 2L43 34,004 3. ChenlVannur(CT) 10.31 50,556 in 1991 4. Kadalundi(CT)· 11.83 35,171 t Olavanna(NM) ofJ981 5. Olavanna(.CT) 11.33 28,382 was bifurcated into 6. Ramanattukara( CT) 11.71 2,5,672 Olavanna( CT) and 7. Feroke[CT) 7.58 25,511 Pantheeramkavu(CT) In·1991 8. Kanivllthuruthy{CT) 5.95 18,983 9. Pantheeramkavu(CT) 10.11 16,016 10. Kuttikkattoor{CT) 9.94 13,127

4. Vadakara Badaeara 21.34 64,m I. V~d3kara{M) 21.33 72,434 2. Vllllappally{CT) 10.33 19,085

S. Pal&k.ad 1. Palihat{M) 26.60 111,245 1. P~akkad (M) 26.60 123,289 l.P~ahat RaIlway 2. Pali!1at RaIlway (I)Hemamblka Nagar(OG) 3.00 15,847 CoIooy (OG) of 1981 Colony (OG) 3.99 6,741 2. Puthupparlyaram(CT) 19.93 24,808 was renamed as Hemamb- 3. Marutharode(Cn 9.52 16,089 lka Napr (OG) In 1991

6. Thrfssur I. Trichur(M) 12.65 77,923 1. Thrissu~M) 12.65 74,604 I) Perini3\'u{OG) 0.90 1,963 I) Peringavu( OG) 2.85 3,699 2. Ollur{NM) 9.33 27,802 II) Thrissur (OG) 1.23 2,642 3. Mannuthy{NM) 13.35 25,474 III)Chembukavu lOG) 0.28 545 4. Chlyym(NM) 4.91 20,315 Iv) lOG) 1.46 308 5. Arilattukara(NM) 5.84 14,397 2. Ollur(CT) 9.33 33,137 6. Nadathara(NM) 5.52 14,321 3. Mannuthy(CT) 13.35 31,914 7. Vllvattom(NM) 6.25 13,704 4. Chlyyaram{CT) 4.91 21,598 8. Edakkunny(NM) 5,59 11,835 5. Nadathara{CT) 5.52 17,971 .... 9. Ayyanthole(NM) 7.25 11,767 6. Vllvattom(CT) 6.25 16,904 I() ""I 10. Vlyyur{NM) 5.09 11,489 7. Aranattukara(CT) 5.84 16,623 11. Koortkancherry(NM) 2.60 8,624 8. Ayyanthole{ Cn 7.25 13,492 9. Edakkunny(CT) 5.59 13,265 10. Vlyyu~CT) 5.09 11,303 11. KOOIkkancherry( CT) 2.60 9,512 12. Nettlssery(CT) 4.22 7,536

7. Koehl 1. Cochln(C) 94.88 513,249 1. Kochl(C) 94.88 564,589 1. 800r(NM) of i) Thrikkakara(OG) 27.46 38,318 i) Kakkanad( OG ) 14,59 17,999 1981 was blful" 2. 800r{NM) 20.73 46,856 2. Edatha~(CT) 28.92 56,397 cated Into 800r(M) 3. Kaiamassery(NM) 27.00 43,767 3, Kalamassery(M) 27.00 54,342 and Vrappuzha(CT) 4. Thrippunlthura(M) 18.69 43,646 4, Thrippunithura(Ml 18.69 51,078 2. Thrikkakara(OG) 5. Maraoo(NM) 12.35 28,749 5. Mara~li(CT) 11..I't 34,995 of 1981 was 6. Alwaye(M) 7.18 25,278 6. Choornlkkara(CT) 17.02 34,837 bifurcated Into 7. Mulavucad(NM) 19.27 21,397 7. 8oor(M) 14.21 34,455 Kakkllad(OG) & O. Chtrlyakadavu(NM) 4.13 6,713 8. Vazhakkaia(CT) 12.87 33,167 Vazhakkala(CT) 9. Kadungalloor( eT) 14.66 25,433 10. A1uva(M) 7.18 24,774 11. Varappuzha( eTI 7.74 22,514 12. Mulawkad(CT) 19.27 22,322 Changes In Urban Components of Standard Urba'l\Areas lylngwlthln/the SUA Boundary During 1981·1991 and Nature and Reason(s) of Change

Urban Components in 1981 1991 Nature and reason(s) of Name of SUA Name( Status) Area Population . Name(Status) Area Population change dur1ng 1981·91 / 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 13. Cheran~loorl el) 10.59 21,407 14. Thlruvankulam( eTl 10.49 18,412 1S. Cheriyakadavu(CT) 4.12 7,401

8. Kottayam Kottayam(Mj 15,55 64,431 I. KottJyam(Ml 15.55 63,155 I) Vliayapurant(OGj 11.19 24,387 2. Perumbalkad( CTI 11.02 33,006 3. Nattakam(CT) 13.50 22,903

9. Alappuzha 1. Alleppey(M) 46.77 169,940 I. Alappuzha(M) 46.77 174,666 lIn 1981, Pathirappa"v 2. PathirappalMNM) 5.91 21,068 I) Kalarkode( OG) 6.50 14,834 (NM) was fonned by aport· _. 2. Kbmalapuram(CT) 6.00 20,847 ion of South Village. In I() co 1991, a portion of this village, alon~ with a portion of Aryad North viflage fonned anew vII· lage by name Komalapuram which ~ec3me Census town. Only a part of Komalapuram (eT) treated 31 uttan compo- nent of the SUA.

to. Kollam I. Quilon(M) 18.48 137,943 I. KoIlam(M) 18.48 139,852 1Eravipuram(NMj of l) KlIIkoIlur! OG.) 5.88 29,655 I) Sakthllrulang· 1981 was bifurcated 2. Eravlpuram(NM) 10.06 47,274 ara (OG) 9.17 44,451 into Eravlpuram( CT) 3. Vadakkevlla(NM} 8.55 43,680 H) Mundakkal(OG) 3.45 21,280 and Mundakkal(OG) lUI Neendakat'a (OG) 10,19 15,424 of Kollant(MJ. 2. Vadakkevila (CT) 8.55 50,165 2 Kllikollur(OG j of Quilon(M) 3. Eravlpuram(CTI 6.60 34,627 with Killkollur Village 4, KUikoliur (CT) 4.66 28,456 (Portion J of 1981 was bifur· S. Mangad(CT) 6.55 28,311 cated Into two Villages, Ie, Kilikollur and Mangad Both !he _ have been treated as census _In 1991.

11. Trtvandrum 1. Trivandrum(C) 74.93 483,086 I. Trivandlllm(C) 74.93 524,006 1Kadakampally (NM) of 1981 1) Thumba(OG) 10.67 16,445 ' I) Vattlyoorkavu(OG) 10.61 33,653 was renamed as Anayara (eT) 2. Kadakampally(NM) 8.14 20,594 II) Thumba(OG) 11.87 22,720 In 1991. III) ChenJvlkkaI (OG) 8.70 21,286 Iv) Thlruvallam(OG) 6.54 15,910 2. Kud~pan~kunnu(CT) 7.69 33,534 . 3. Nemom(CTj 8.83 30,117 4. Ulloor(CT) 7.97 25,719 5. Anayara(CT) 8.14 24,541 As the standard urban area has to serve the need for may not fall within the standard urban area boundary when urban development planning besides functioning as a con­ the core town Is located with In the standard urban area stant statistical reporting unit, the existing boundaries of the boundary. In such cases, minor modifications are required SUA are not disturbed as far as possible. But as a result of In the standard urban area limit to ensure that the relevant the state government's decision to extend the Jurisdiction of urban agglomeration with all oflts components Is covered In the town the SUA boundary also had to be modified to ac­ the standard urban area. Wherever the urban spread of UAs commodate such statutory extension of the urban units. has transcended the boundaries of SUA's which were flxed Besides this the urban agglomeration formed In the respec­ In 1971, such transcended area are considered as spill over tive census also affects the boundary of SUA. The urban urban areas. The data relating to the spill over urban area agglomeration of a city/town shows the urban spread of the and those lying with In the standard urban area boundary core town. The SUA Is a wider unit which depicts not only will be given separately. the present urban spread but potentially of the urban spread of the core town over a period of time. The urban agglom­ eration are therefore, normally to be covered by the relevant standard urban area. In the case of urban agglomeration the There are 22 units of spill over urban areas In 7 stand­ component units may Include a few outgrowths In addition ard urban areas. The nature of the spillover area Is given In to Independent towns. Sometimes the outgrowth of a town the following statement.

Nature of Spill-Over Urban Areas Lying Outside the Standard Urban Area Boundary

Name of SUA Name of spill over urban area Nature of spill over urban area

2 3

Kannur Muzhappilangad( CT} Town lying outside SUA boundary but now a constituent unit of UA (lying In SUA)

Kozhlkode Kuttikkattoor(P)( CT} Portion which was rural In 1981 now statutorily merged with Kuttlkkattoor (CT) of the SUA bu.t lying outside SUA boundary

Koduvally (Cn Towns lying outside SUA boundary but Kunnamangalam (Cn n?_f. a constituent unit of UA (lying In Kak~odl.(CT) SUA)

Vadakara Villlappally(P)( CT) Whole town Included In UA but a por­ tion of this lying outside SUA boundary.

Koehl A1angad (Cn Towns Iyfng outside SUA boundary but Kottuvally (CT) now a constituent unit of UA (lying In Kedamangaiam (CT) SUA) Parawr (Parur)(M)

Kottayam Perumbalkad(P}( CT} Whole toWnS Inc:luded In UA but the por­ Vljayapuram (P)(OG) tion of these lying outside SUA Nattakam(P)(CT) boundary

Alappuzha Komalapuram(P) (Cn Whole towns Included In UA but Kalarkode(P) (OG) portion of these lying outside SUA boundary. 200 Nature of Spill - Over Urban Areas Lying Outside the Standard Urban Area Boundary

Name of SUA Name of spill over urban area Nature of spill over urban area

2 3 Punnapra (OG) OG of a town of SUA but lying outside of SUA boundary

Trivandrum Kazhakkoottam( OG) OGs of the town of SUA but lying out­ Sreekaryam (OG) side SUA boundary Kovalam (OG) Thumba(P)(OG) Whole town/OGs included in UA but Thil1lvallam(P) (OG) the portion of these lying outside the Nemom (P) (CT) SUA boundary

A comparison of different standard urban areas with Sex ratio reference to some of the demographic characteristics such as area, population size, density of population, sex ratio, den­ In all SUAs except Kochi, females out number males, sity of occupied residential houses, proportion of households as per 1991 census. The highest sex ratio is in Thalassery to occupied residential houses and household size, is made in SUA with t ,089 females per 1,000 males followed by the following paragraphs. Thrissur, Vadakara and Alappuzha. The sex ratio in Kochi is only 996 females per 1,000 males which is in favour of Area males.

Kochi standard urban area having an area of 429.56 Density of occupied residential houses Sq.Km. is the largest standard urban area in Kerala. Kozhikode come second with an area of 293.56 Sq. Km. followed by Trivandrum SUA claims the first position with 920 Trivandrum with t 79. t 2 Sq.Km. and Palakkad with 137.52 occupied residential houses per Sq. Km. followed by Sq.Km. of area. Rest of the standard urban areas have an Kollam(896), Alappuzha(600), Thrissur(589), Kochi(529), extent of less than 100 Sq.Km. the smallest being Kayamkulam(519) and Thalassery(SI 0). All other SUAs Kayamkulam with 32.43 Sq.Km. have less than 500 occupied residential houses per Sq. Km. The lowest position in this respect is held by Palakkad with Population 293 residential houses in one Sq. Km. of are'a. As in the case of area, Kochi standard urban area House-Household ratio come first in respect of population also with I, t 85,589 per­ sons in 1991 census. Kozhikode comes in the second place There are 104 households per 100 occupied resi­ with 884,935 persons followed by Trivandrum with dential houses in Trivandrum standard urban area. The low­ 827,393 persons. Changanassery standard urban area is est household to house ratio is in Kottayam with 101 house­ smallest in population with 75,675 persons. Kayamkulam holds per 100 houses is another standard urban area with population less than 1 lakl1. Other standard urban areas have population varying Household size between t lakh and 3 lakhs in the census of 199 t . Four standard urban areas viz. Kannur, Thalassery, Density of population Vadakara and Kozhikode have more than 6 persons per household on an a,verage while Palakkad, Thrissur, Kochi, Kollam standard urban area leads all other standard Changanassery, Alappuzha, Kayamkulam and Kollam have urban areas in density with 4,829 persons per Sq. Km. fol­ the household size above 5 and below 6. The average house­ lowed by Trivandrum( 4,6 t 9), Thalassery(3,489), hold size in Kottayam and Trivandrum standard urban areas Alappuzha(3, t 42), Thrissur(3, tIt) and Kozhikode(3,OI4). is above 4 but below 5. The lowest household size is 4.82 All other standard urban areas have got density less than persons per household in Trivandrum standard urban area, 3,000. The lowest density of population is in Palakkad stand­ the highest in Thalasser'y with 6.74 persons per household ard urban area (1,599). on an average.

201 A-5 : STANDARD

State/ Standard Urban Area and Component Civic Area Popu- Number Houseless Populadon District Units Status In latlon of Km2 per occupied No. 0( Males Females Km 2 residential house- houses holds

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

KERAlA All Standard Urban Areas a) Areas lyin, within the SUA boundary Total 1,438.06 3,208 831,243 2,264 3,004 1611

Urban 1,175.76 3,666 776,184 2,264 3,004 1611

Rural 262.30 1,154 55,059

b) Spill-over Urban Areas 204.67 2,005 77,491 104 217 115

KANNUR 1. Kannur (Cannanore) Standard Urban Area (CANNA- a) Areas lying within the SUA boundary NORE) Total 90.36 3,091 41,551 179 261 163 Urban Components 1. Kannur (Cannanore) M 11.03 5,915 9,357 97 129 78 2. Chlrakkal CT 13.56 2,938 6,003 16 28 28 3. Thottada (Edakkad) CT 18.26 1,822 5,313 7 16 11 4. Puzhathl CT 9.17 3,339 4,440 3 2 4 5. Elayavoor CT 11.57 2,527 4,575 21 31 20 6. Palllkkunnu CT 6.90 3,631 3,897 1 1 7. Azhlkode South • CT 7.40 3,119 3,468 4 4 8. Azhlkode North • CT 8.64 2,231 2,856 1 1 9. Yalapattanam CT 2.04 4,373 946 29 49 22 10. Kannur(Cannanore) Cantonment Cantt 1.79 2,693 696 Total Urban Group 90.36 3,091 41,551 179 261 163 Rural Components Nil Total Rural Group b) Spill-over Urban Areas 1. Town !yIn, outside SUA boundary but now a constituent unit of Kannur UA (lyini In SUA) Muzh3l)pllangad CT 7.19 2,616 2,641 9 31 21 Total Spill-over Urban Areas 7.19 2,616 2,641 9 31 21

2. Thalassery (TelJlcherry) Standard Urban Area a) Areas lyin, within the SUA boundary Total 47.52 3,489 24,229 137 256 108 Urban Components 1. Thalassery (Teilicherry) M 23.96 4,323 14,743 120 223 92 2. Dharmadom CT 10.66 2,505 4,119 3 7 5 3. Eranholl CT 10.08 2,340 3,874 4. New Malle (Kodlyerl) CT 2.82 4,234 1,493 14 26 11 Total Urban Group 47.52 3,489 24,229 137 256 108 Rural Components Nil Total Rural Group b) Spill-over Urban Areas. Nil

* Azhlkode (N M) of 198 1 has been bifurcated Into two census townS namely Azhlkode South and Azhlkode North. Separate population figures of 198 1 Is not available for both the towns 50 that combined population figures has been prest"ttd In Column 18 of the table. 202 URBAN AREA

Total Populatlon(lncludlng Institutional Institutional Population and houseless population) Population during 1961-1991 No. of Males Females No. of Males Females 1961 1~,1 1981 1991 households households

10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

4,621 40,916 27,783 853,824 2,283,545 2,329,169 NA 2,448,450 3,521,956 4,612,714 (2,830,347) (4,112,950) 4,621 40,916 27,783 798,114 2,133,402 2,176,468 NA 2,243,766 3,264,975 4,309,870 (3,286,043) 55,710 150,143 152,701 NA 204,684 256,981 302,844 (586,581) (826,907) 146 2,503 619 78,095 203,181 207,243 20,852 24,393 71,298 410,424

433 4,574 773 42,340 137,070 142,273 NA 67,208 - 250,025 279,343

185 1,167 363 9,698 32,043 33,195 NA 55,162 60,904 65,238 27 114 1 6,070 19,370 20,4G8 36,124 39,838 26 119 20 5,320 15,880 17,381 NA ..., 29,474 33,261 59 1,152 87 4,506 15,559 15,057 26,099 30,616 34 115 54 4,640 13,938 15,301 25,481 29,239 23 89 5 3,937 12,098 12,959 22,101 25,057 5 20 3,497 11,170 11,907 37,273 23,077 14 134 3 2,860 9,408 9,869 19,277 18 1'51 6 1,114 4,580 4,340 5,746 7,296 8,080 8,920 42 1,513 234 698 3,024 1,796 2,859 4,750 4,489 4,820 433 4,574 773 42,340 137,070 142,273 NA 67,208 250,025 279,343

8 31 2,665 9,072 9,740 14,345 18,812 8 31 2,665 9,072 9,740 14,345 18,812

167 1,217 357 24,596 79,384 86,423 NA 68,759 152,815 165,807

135 1,039 318 15,068 49,879 53,700 NA 68,759 75,561 103,579 16 93 37 4,120 12,802 13,903 23,143 26,705 6 36 3,875 11,118 12,466 21,521 23,584 10 49 2 1,533 5,585 6,354 32,590 11,939 167 1,217 357 24,596 79,384 86,423 NA 68,759 152,815 165,807

203 A-5 : STANDARD

Statef Standard Urban Area and Component Civic Area Popu- Number Houseless Population District. Units Status in latlon of Km z per occupied No. of Males Females Kmz resi dential house- houses holds

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 KOZHIKODE 3. Kozhikode (Calicut) Standard Urban Area and a) Areas lying within the SUA boundary MALAP- Total 232.37 3,413 124,166 349 585 396 PURAM

Urban Components KOZHIKODE 1. Kozhlkode (Callcut) C 82.68 5,078 64,842 252 418 303 I) Elathur OG 13.54 2,689 5,686 9 II 8 II) Puthiyangadi OG 0.03 12,567 40 2. Beypore CT 10.42 5,421 8,436 2 2 3. Cheruvannur CT 10.31 4,904 7,639 5 4 2 4. Kadalundi CT 11.83 2,973 5,503 20 24 25 5. Olavanna *. CT 11.33 2,505 4,828 6 25 6 6. Ramanattukara CT 11.71 2,192 4,176 31 66 28 7. Feroke ** CT 7.58 3,366 4,063 12 1 1 3 8. Karuvanthuruthy * * CT 5.95 3,190 2,977 2 5 3 9. Pantheeramkavu * CT 10.11 1,584 2,866 10 19 18 10. Kuttikkattoor{P) CT 9.94 1,321 2,252 Total Urban Group 185.43 3,918 113,308 349 585 396

MALAP- Rural Components PURAM In Emad Talule 1. Chelambra Village 12-5-1-12{10-3-1-20) 15.81 1,560 4,031 2. Pallikkal Vlllage(P) 12-5-1-13{10-3-1-21) 13.81 1,363 2,922 '1'1 Tlrur Taluk 3. Thenhippalam Village 12-5-3-3 (10-3-3-2) 17.32 1,337 3,905 Total Rural Group 46.94 1,420 10,858

b) Spill-over Urban Areas KOZHIKODE 1. Portion statutorily merged with Kuttlkkattoor (CT) of SUA but lying outside SUA boundary I. Kuttikkattoor{P) CT 3.73 1,067 710 2. Towns lying outside SUA boundary but now constituent units of Kozhikode UA (lying In SUA) 1. Kunnamangalam CT 24.26 1,411 5,938 2. Kakkodl CT 18.59 1,615 5,386 31 93 53 3. Koduvally CT 14.61 1,610 3,956 6 4 2 Total Spill-over Urban Areas 61.19 1,500 15,990 37 97 55 4. Vadakara (Badagara) Standard Urban Area a) Areas lying within the SUA boundary Total 50.38 2,802 21,671 116 152 97 Urban Components 1. Vadakara (Badagara) M 21.33 3,396 10,695 109 141 91 2. VlIIlappally{P) CT 10.33 1,848 3,143 7 11 6 Total Urban Group 31.66 2,891 13,838 116 152 97 Rural Components

* Olavanna(NM) of 1981 census has been bifurcated Into Olavanna(CT) and Pantheeramkavu(CT) In 1991 census and population of earlier censuses have been shown aralnst Olavanna(CT) as separate populadon of each town Is not available * Feroke(NM) of 1981 census has been bifurcated into Feroke(CT) and Karuvanthuruthy{CT) In 1991 census and population of earlier censuses have been shown arainst Feroke(CT) as separate population of each town Is not available 204 URBAN AREA

Total Population(including Institutional Institutional Population and houseless population) Population during 1961-) 99) No. of Males Females No. of Males Females 1961 1971 1981 1991 households households

10 11 12 13 , 14 15 16 17 18 19

526 5,949 4,511 127,574 391,726 401,453 NA 458,522 596,289 793,179 (507,091) (689,640)

416 4,839 4,066 67,468 207,016 212,815 (NA) 333,979 394,447 419,831 12 52 81 5,869 17,862 18,548 36,410 60 195 182 377 14 139 2 8,580 27,829 28,676 NA 27,688 40,946 56,505 19 400 141 7,764 25,032 25,524 21,434 28,522 38,941 50,556 13 63 14 5,579 17,084 18,087 35,171 8 76 101 4,875 13,967 14,415 7,841 34,004 28,382 20 134 21 4,252 12,866 12,806 25,672 5 14 6 4,107 12,731 12,780 24,124 30,516 37,720 25,51 I 1 47 2,989 9,375 9,608 18,983 12 29 7 2,878 7,996 8,020 16,016 6 156 72 2,273 6,635 6,492 13,127 526 5949 4,511 116,694 358,588 367,953 NA 420,705 546,058 726,541

4,035 12,260 12,403 10,851 14,896 19,492 24,663 2,926 9,333 9,485 7,240 9,865 12,319 18,818

3,919 11,545 11,612 9,723 13,056 18,420 23,157 10,880 33,138 33,500 27,814 37,817 150,231 66,638 (NA) (863,86) (143,582)

710 1,971 2,009 3,980

17 1,672 5,946 17,812 16,416 34,228 11 46 3 5,422 14,785 15,239 30,024 2 180 110 3,962 11,639 11,885 23,524 30 1,898 113 16,040 46,207 45,549 91,756

86 841 244 22,005 69,080 72,060 70,541 87,671 105,316 141,140 (80,879) (101,047) (121,993) 61 430 240 10,981 35,579 36,855 43,908 53,938 64,174 72,434 25 411 4 3,157 9,368 9,717 19,085 86 841 244 14,138 44,947 46,572 43,908 53,938 64,174 91,519

205 A-S : STANDARD

State! Standard Urban Area and Component Civic Area Popu- Number Houseless Population District Units Status In lation of Km 2 per occupied No. of Males Females Km 2 residential house- houses holds

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

1. Onchlyam Village(P)12-4-1-2(10-2-1-2) 4.90 2,914 2,251 2. Vlllage(P)12-4-1-3(10-2-1-3) 8.28 3,357 4,262 3. Village(P) 12-4-1-14( 10-2-1-21) 5.54 1,362 1,320 Total Rural Group 18.72 2,651 7,833

b) Spill-over Urban Areas 1. Portion statutorily merged with Villiappally (CT) of the SUA but lying outside SUA boundary Vllllappally(P) CT 7.02 1,554 1,860 Total Spill-over Urban Areas 7.02 1,554 1,860

PALAKKAD 5. Palakkad (Palghat) Standard Urban (PALGHAT) Area. a) Areas lying within the SUA boundary Total 137.52 1,599 40,317 114 116 77

Urban Components 1. Palakkad(Palghat) M 26.60 4,635 22,173 112 113 71 i) Hemamblka Nagar OG 3.00 5,282 3,204 2 3 6 2. Puthuppariyaram CT 19.93 1,245 4,625 3. Marutharode CT 9.52 1,690 3,070 Total Urban Group 59.05 3,049 33,072 114 116 77 Rural Components I. Village(P) 12-6-3-11 (10-4-3-19) 10.26 2,272 3,925 2. Village(P) 12-6-3-14( 10-4-3-12) 19.00 298 1,108 3. I Village (PI 12-6-3-15 {I 0-4-3-13) 45.80 151 1,458 4. Village (P) 12-6-3-17 (10-4-3-22) 3.41 1,15 t 754 Total Rural Group 78.47 508 7,245

b) Spill-over Urban Areas Nil THRISSUR 6. Thrlssur (Trlchur) Standard Urban Area (TRICHUR) a) Areas lying within the SUA boundary Total 88.42 3,11 t 52,120 379 406 158

Urban Components 1. Thrlssur (Trichur) M 12,65 5,898 13,849. 328 328 96 I) Peringavu OG 2.85 1,298 756 Ii) Thrlssur (Trichur) OG 1.23 2,148 556 5 4 6 iii) Chembukavu OG 0.28 1,946 111 Iv) Poonkunnam OG 1.46 211 71 2.01lur C1 9.33 3,552- 6,277 10 1\ 7 3. Mannuthy CT 13.35 2,391 6,051 6 10 II 4. CT 4.91 4,399 4,063 5. Nadathara CT 5.52 3,256 3,507 6. Vilvattom CT 6.25 2,705 3,231 7. Aranattukara CT 5.84 2,846 3,178 1 1 8. Ayyanthole C1 7.25 1,861 2,585 7 7 9. Edakkunny CT 5.59 2,373 2,440 20 43 38 10. Viyyur C1 5.09 2,221 2,133 IT. Koorkkanchery CT 2.60 3,658 1,856

206 URBAN AREA

Total Population(including 1stitutional Institutional Population and house less population) Population during 1961 -1991 No. of Males Females No. of Males Females 1961 1971 1981 1991 households households

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

2,256 6,935 7,345 8,215 10,197 12,480 14,280 4,286 13,532 14,261 13,973 17,816 21,572 27,793 1,325 3,666 3,882 4,445 5,720 7,090 7,548 7,867 24,133 25,488 26,633 33,733 41,142 49,621 (36,971) (47,109) (57,819)

1,886 5,245 5,666 10,911 1,886 5,245 5,666 10,911

224 936 1,173 41,417 108,729 111,128 NA 131,902 160,196 219,857 (156,428) (190,084)

114 579 946 22,923 61,047 62,242 77,620 95,788 111,245 123,289 60 136 33 3,306 7,770 8,077 NA 7,032 6,741 15,847 19 93 124 4,793 12,141 12,667 24,808 31 128 70 3,100 7,949 8,140 16,089 224 936 1,173 34,122 88,907 91,126 NA 102,820 117,986 180,033

3,959 11,504 11,804 8,141 12,229 16,214 23,308 1,118 2,894 2,773 NA 8,725 14,850 5,667 1,459 3,514 3,409 NA 5,786 7,894 6,923 759 1,910 2,016 2,028 2,342 3,252 3,926 7,295 19,822 20,002 NA 29,082 42,210 39,82"4 (53,608) (72,098)

390 3,5'37 3,660 52,991 134,459 140,594 NA 102,198 239,614 p5,053 (110,654) (249,553)

186 1,188 2,378 14,348 35,755 38,849 NA 76,241 77,923 74,604 I 2 762 1,781 1,918 1,963 3,699 556 1,287 1,355 2,642 3 16 I 1 1 260 285 545 1 11 71 i50 158 308 12 95 122 6,407 16,271 16,866 NA 25,957 27,802 33,137 46 487 348 6,083 15,704 16,210 25,474 31,914 11 40 94 4,066 10,671 10,927 20,315 21,598 14 46 211 3,544 8,738 9,233 14,321 17,971 23 718 223 3,245 8,451 8,i53 13,70i 16,904 12 149 3,193 8,179 8,444 14,397 16,623 7 33 33 2,647 6,526. 6,966 11,767 13,492 6 24 70 2,471 6,451 6,814 11,835 13,265 55 706 80 2,167 5,919 5,384 11,489 11,303 10 21 78 1,864 4,634 1.878 8,624 9,512

207 A-S : STANDARD

Statel Standard Urban Area and Component Civic Area Popu- Number Houseless Population District Units Status in latlon of Km 2 per occupied No. of Males Females Km 2 residential house- houses holds

2 3 4. 5 6 7 8 9 12. Nettlssery CT 4.22 1,786 1,456 Total Urban Group 88.42 3,111 52,120 379 406 158 Rural components Nil Total Rural Group b) Spill-over Urban Areas Nil

ERNAKUlAM 7. Kochi (Cochln) Standard Urban Aru a) Areas lying within the SUA boundary Total 370.86 2,883 204,807 204 284 130 Urban Components 1. Koehl (Cochln) C 94.88 5,951 103,751 111 150 53 I) Kakkanad ** OG 14.59 1,234 3,778 9 II 9 2. Edathala CT 28.92 1,950 10,563 2 2 3. Kalamassery M 27.00 2,013 11,430 6 24 18 4. Thrippunithura M 18.69 2,733 10,415 19 36 29 5. Maradu CT 12.34 2,836 6,769 6. Choornikkara CT 17.02 2,047 6,522 7 5 2 7. Boor* M 14.21 2,425 7,557 3 3 8. Vazhakkala ** CT 12.87 2,577 6,670 II II 9. Kadungalioor CT 14.66 1,735 4,828 3 12 10 10. Aluva (Alwaye) M 7.18 3,450 4,949 28 25 9 11. Varappuzha * CT 7.74 2,909 4,370 2 2 12. Mulavukad CT 19.27 1,158 4,247 I I t 3. Cheranalioor CT 10.59 2,021 4,104 2 2 14. Thlruvankulam CT 10.49 1,755 3,966 I 5. Cherlyakadaw CT 4.12 1,796 1,370 Total Urban Group 314.57 3,256 195,289 204 284 130 Rural Components 1. village 12-8-1-19(10-6-3-14)+ 28.10 831 5,020 2. Thlruvanlyoor village 12-8-1-23 (10-6-3-14)+ 28.19 767 4,498 Total Rural Group 56.. 29 799 9,518 b) SplII-over Urban Areas 1. Towns lying outside SUA boundary but now constituent units of Koehl UA (lying in SUA) I. Alangad CT 21.02 1,695 6,769 33 53 10 2 Kottuvally CT 21.00 1,641 6,686 3. ParaVlir (Parur) M 9.02 3,094 5,446 4 3 4. Kedamangalam :::T 7.66 2,415 3,622 I I Tou! Spill-over Urban Areas 58.70 1,984 22r523 38 57 11

KOTTAYAM 8. Changanassery (Changanacherry) Standard Urban Area a) Areas lying within the SUA boundary Total 37.72 2,006 14,01.<. 94 101 54

• EIoor(CT) of 1981 ce!lSllS has bten bifurcated Into EIoor (H) and Varapuzha (CT) in 1991 census and populadon of earlier censuses have been shown against Boor (CT) as separate population of each town is not available. • TMldtakara(OG) of 1981 census has beenblrurcated Into K*kanad (OG) and Vazhakkala (CT) In 1991 census. Seperate populadon figures of 1981 is notavallable for bOth CT and OG so that combined population figures lias been presented against Kakkanad COG) In Column 18 of the table. + In Kunnathanad Taluk, OIemmanad vltage of 1981 census was bifurcated Into two villages In 1991 viz Puthencruz and Thlruvaniyoor. Seperale population figures of 1971 s: 1981 are not avaBabie for bodIlhe vln3l'S so that combined population flgures luve been presented in Column I 7 and I 8 of the table. 208 URBAN AREA

Total Populacion(lncludlng insdtutlonal Institutional Population and houseless population) Population during 1961-1991 No, of Males Females No,of Males Females 1961 1971 1981 1991 households households

10 II 12 d 14 15 16 17 18 19

3 23 1,456 3,682 3,854 7,536 390 3,537 3,660 52,991 134,459 140,594 NA 102,198 239,614 275,053

(NA) (8,456) (9,939)

1,456 12,624 7,747 210,095 536,975 532,131 (NA) 563,884 809,209 ',069,106 (666,178) (947,108) 832 8650 4,188 108,924 283,432 281,157 277,723 439,066 513,249 564,589 16 61 101 3,787 8,997 9,002 38,318 17,999 76 856 1,104 10,565 28,138 28,259 56,397 87 495 395 11,436 27,789 26,553 17,957 43,767 54,342 41 194 169 10,434 25,286 25,792 14,444 28,090 43,646 51,078 6 14 19 6,769 17,487 17,508 28,749 34,995 33 652 243 6,529 17,694 17,143 34,837 125 454 180 7,560 17,953 16,502 20,725 46,856 34,455 48 329 479 6,681 16,734 16,433 33,167 9 48 4,831 12,814 12,619 25,433 124 635 636 4,977 12,305 12,469 20,863 24,067 25,278 24,774 11 42 173 4,372 10,993 11,521 22,514 10 45 5 4,248 11,017 11,305 21,397 22,322 11 27 17 4,106 10,606 10,801 21,407 25 108 9 3,966 9,188 9,224 18,412 2 14 29 1,370 3,637 3,764 6,713 7,401 1,456 12,624 7,747 200,555 514,070 510,052 313,030 529,905 767,973 1,024.122 (NA) 5,033 12,033 11,329 NA 33,979 41,236 23,362 4,507 10,872 10,750 21,622 9,540 22,905 22,079 NA 33,979 41,236 44,984 (136,273) (179,135)

11 87 13 6,802 17,719 17,901 35,620 10 54 174 6,686 16,795 17,662 30,665 34,457 13 26 109 5,450 13,596 1.4,310 20,852 24,393 26,288 27,906 1 25 3,623 8,989 9,511 18,500 35 167 321 22,561 57,099 59,384 20,852 24,393 56,953 116,483

89 443 826 14,318 37,436 38,239 56,469 66,533 73,046 75,'675

1209 A-S : STANDARD

State/ Standard Urban Area and Component Civic Area Popu- Number Houseless Population District Units Status In latlon of Km 2 per occupied No. of Males Females Km 2 residential house- houses holds

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Urban Components 1. Changanassery (Changanacherry) M 13.50 3,885 9,818 94 101 54 Total Urban Group 13.50 3,885 9,818 94 101 54 Rural Components 1. Chethlpuzha village ( East Village) 12-1D-4-3 (10-8-4-3) 11.04 1,970 3,907 2. Changanassery (Changanacherry) Village (P)12-10-4-5 (10-8-4-5) 13.18 113 287 Total Rural Group 24.22 959 4,194 b) Spill-over Urban Areas Nil 9. Kottayam Standard Urban Area a) Areas lying within the SUA boundary Total 61.64 2,556 31,441 118 176 67

Urban Components 1. Kottayam M 15.55 4,061 12,632 55 60 23 I) VIJayapuram (P) OG 11.19 2,179 4,767 36 36 2. Perumbalkad (P) CT 11.02 2,995 6,490 20 38 37 3. Nattakam (P) CT 13.50 1,697 4,727 7 42 7 Total Urban Group 51.26 2,798 28,616 118 176 67 Rural Components 1. Aimanam Village (P}12-1D-3-13(10-8-3-13) 2.82 2,993 1,682 2. Veloor Village (P)(12-10-3-17(1D-8-6-16) 3.40 458 307 3. Panachlkkad Village (P}12-10-3-1S(10-S-3-IS) LOS 2,593 5S5 4. Muttampalam Village(P) 12-1 0-3-19 3.08 417 251 Total Rural Group 10.38 1,357 2,825

b. Spill-over Urban Areas I. Portion statutorily merged with Nattakam and Perumbalkad census towns and Vllaya- puram (OG) of Kottayam(M} of,the SUA but lying outside SUA boundary 1. Nattakam(P) CT S.S3 1,660 3,066 2. Perumbaikad(P) CT 3.02 2,105 1,171 3. Vllayapuram(P) OG 0.59 3,531 426 Total Spill-over Urban Areas 12.44 1,857 4,663

ALAPPUZHA I O. Alappuzha (Alleppey) Standard Urban Area (ALLEPPEY) a) Areas lying within the SUA boundary Total 60.14 3,551 40,236 67 101 49

Urban Components I. Alappuzha (Alleppey), M 46.77 3,735 32,203 66 100 47 I) Kalarkode (P) OG 6.50 2,282 2,997 1 2 2. Komalapuram (P) CT 6.00 3,475 4,379 Total Urban Group 59.27 3,549 39,579 67 101 49

Rural components Pathlrappally village (P) 12-11-2-2 0.87 3,674 657 Total Rural Group 0.S7 3,674 657

210 URBAN AREA

Total Population(including institutional Institutional Population and houseless population) Population during 1961-1991 No. of Males Females No. of Males Females 1961 1971 1981 1991 households households

10 11 12 13 14 IS 16 17 18 19

89 443 826 10,087 26,011 26,434 42,376 48,545 51,955 52,445 89 443 826 10,087 26,011 26,434 42,376 48,545 51,955 52,445

3,936 10,686 11,061 12,782 16,532 19,313 21,747

295 739 744 1,311 1,456 1,778 1,483 4,231 11,425 11,805 14,093 17,988 21,091 23,230

289 2,385 2,279 31,846 78,649 78,884 NA 68,344 74,053 157,533 (124,245) (140,176)

166 1,201 1,186 12,869 31,397 31,758 52,685 59,714 64,431 63,155 30 742 568 4,799 12,181 12,206 24,387 66 317 412 6,537 16,591 16,415 33,006 27 125 113 4,780 11,385 11,518 22,903 289 2,385 2,279 28,985 71,554 71,897 52,685 59,714 64,431 143,451

1,714 4,209 4,232 4,963 6,760 7,461 8,441 307 807 749 NA 1,198 1,418 1,556 588 1,408 1,392 521 672 743 2,800 252 671 614 1,285 2,861 7,095 6,987 NA 8,630 9,622 14,082 (64,531) (75,745)

3,067 7,364 7,297 14,661 1,186 3,190 3,167 6,357 461 1,035 1,048 2,083 4,714 11,589 11,512 23,101

158 602 394 41,067 104,694 108,849 138,834 160,166 169,940 213,543 (145,259) (168,737) (201,069)

91 479 366 33,016 85,699 88,967 138,834 160,166 169,940 174,666 7 15 25 3,006 7,184 7,650 14,834 60 108 3 4,388 10,255 10,592 20,847 158 602 394 40,410 103,138 107,209 138,834 160,166 169,940 210,347 (191,008)

657 1,556 1,640 3,196 657 1,556 1,640 3,196 (6,425) (8,571) (10,061)

211 A-5 : STANDARD

State/ Standard Urban Area and Component Civic Area Popu- Number Houseless Population District Units Status in lation of Km 2 per occupied No. of Males Females Km 2 residential house- houses holds

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

b) Spill-over Urban Areas 1. Ponion statutorily merged with Komala- puram (CT) and Kalarkode (OG) of Alappuzha (M) of the SUA but lying outside SUA boundary 1. Komalapuram (P) C1 8.00 2,051 3,631

2. Kalarkode(P) 'OG 5.00 1,687 1,704 2. OG of Alappuzha (M) of SUA but lying outside SUA boundary 1. Punnapra OG 12.21 2,439 5,627 9 8 7 Total Spill-over Urban Areas 25.21 2,167 10,962 9 8 7 AlAPPUZHA 11. Kayamkulam Standard Urban Area (AllEPPEY) a) Areas lying within the SUA boundary Total 32.43 2,818 16,815 4 14 6 Urban Components 1. Kayamkulam M 21.79 3,082 12,081 4 14 6 Total Urban Group 21.79 3,082 12,081 4 14 6 Rural Components 1. Krishnapuram village (P) 14-1 1-4-16( 10-9-6-17) 10.64 2,278 4,734 Total Rural Group 10.64 2,278 4,734 b) Spill-over Urban Areas Nil

KOllAM 12. Kollam (Quilon) Standard Urban Area (QUILON) a) Areas lying with in the SUA boundary Total 82.50 4,829 73,960 86 99 32 Urban Components l. Kollam (Quilon) M 18.48 7,568 25,602 76 90 29 i) Sakthikulangara OG 9.17 4,847 8,618 7 6 ii) Mundakkal* OG 3.45 6,168 3,870 iii) Neendakara OG 10.19 1,514 2,914 2. Vadakkevila CT 8.55 5,867 "9,128 2 3. Eravipuram * CT 6.60 5,247 6,206 4. Kilikollur CT 4.66 6,106 5,293 2 2 5. Mangad CT 6.55 4,323 5,339 Total Urban Group 67.65 5,360 66,970 86 99 32 Rural Components l. Village 12-13-5-7 (10-10-6-7) 14.85 2,415 6,990 Total Rural Group 14.85 2,415 6,990 b) Spill-over Urban Areas Nil

TRIVANDRUMI3. Trivandrum Standard Urban Area a) Areas lying within the SUA boundary Total 146.20 5,011 145,918 417 453 274 Urban Components l. Trivandrum C 74.93 6,993 102,848 404 426 245 i) Vattiyoorkavu OG 10.61 3,172 6,893 ii) Thumba (P) OG 11.87 1,914 4,811 8 15 25

Eravipuram (CT) of 1981 has been bifurcated Into Mundakkal (OG) & Eravlpuram (CT). Separate population figures of 1981 Is not available for both OG and CT. So that combined population figures has been presented against Eravlpuram(CT) in in Column 18 of the table 212 URBAN AREA

Total Population{including institutional Institutional Population and houseless population) Population during 1961-1991 No. of Males Females No. of Males Females 1961 1971 1981 1991 households households

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

3,639 7,995 8,411 16,406

1,706 4,036 4,397 8,433

28 176 116 5,662 14,601 15,182 29,783 28 176 116 11,007 26,632 27,990 54,622

34 180 229 16,899 44,884 46,509 58,905 71,177 80,552 91,393

34 180 229 12,128 33,106 34,045 44,571 54,102 61,327 67,151 34 180 229 12,128 33,106 34,045 44,571 54,102 61,327 67,151

4,771 11,778 12,464 14,334 17,075 19,225 24,242 4,771 11,778 12,464 14,334 17,075 19,225 24,242

147 937 1,683 76,261 197,538 200,893 NA 191,463 289,788 398,431 (233,473) (363,049) 104 734 1,361 26,713 69,340 70,512 NA 124,208 137,943 139,852 13 38 38 8,831 22,254 22,197 44,451 2 7 92 3,904 10,528 10,752 21,280 7 33 157 2,984 7,727 7,697 15,424 11 56 9,243 24,898 25,267 43,680 50,165 3 14 6,270 17,258 17,369 47,274 34,627 3 '52 5,522 13,976 14,480 32,273 41,871 29,655 28,456 4 3 34 5,391 13,865 14,452 28,317 147 937 1,683 68,858 179,846 182,726 NA 166,079 258,552 362,572

7,403 17,692 18,167 21,437 25,384 31,236 35,859 7,403 17,692 18,167 21,437 25,384 31,236 35,859 (53,704) (67,394) (104,497)

622 6691 3,907 152,415 362,921 369,733 NA 410,623 521,113 732,654 (488,817) (653,840) 499 5,305 3,105 107,892 259,672 264,334 NA 409,627 483,086 524,006 19 50 9 7,345 16,639 17,014 33,653 17 340 12 4,915 11,270 11,450 16,445 22,720

213 A-S : STANDARD

State/ Standard Urban Area and Component Civic Area Popu- Number Houseless Population District Units Shtus In ladon of Km 2 per occupied No. of Males Females Km 2 residential house- houses holds

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

iii) Cheruvikkal OG 8.70 2,447 4,563 Iv) Thlruvallam (P) OG 6.54 2,433 3,230 3 6 2. Kudappanakunnu CT 7.69 4,361 7,083 3. Nemom(P) CT 8.83 3,411 6,150 2 6 3 4. Ulloor CT 7.97 3,227 5,293 5. Anayara CT 8.14 3,015 4,842 Total Urban Group 145.28 5,035 145,713 417 453 274 Rural Components l. Muttathura Village(P) 12-14-3-1 O( 10-11-3-17) 0.92 1,270 205 Total Rural Group 0.92 1,270 205 b) Spill-over Urban Areas l. Porcion statutorily merged with Thumba(OG) and Thiruvailom (OG) of Trivandrum (C) and Nemom (CT) of the SUA but lying outside SUA boundary 1) Thumba(P) bG 4.16 2,683 2,403 2) Thiruvallam (P) OG 6.15 2,595 3,138 + 3) Nemom (P) CT 4.04 3,080 2,577 2. OGs of Trivandrum (e) of the SUA but iying outside SUA boundary I) Kovalam OG 4.68 5,431 4,379 10 23 21 2) Sreekaryam OG 8.87 1,944 3,732 3} Kazhakkoottam OG 5.02 2,493 2,623

Total Spill-over Urban Areas. 32.92 2,878 18,852 II 24 21

Second set of population data shown under columS. 16, I 7 & '8 within brackelS are those published In 1981. The difference In area figures of some SUA's be(\veen 198 I and 1991 Is due to the revised computation of area fitures supplied by Director of Survey and Land Records and Lotal bodies.

214 URBAN AREA

Total Population(including institutional Institutional Population and houseless population) Population during 1961-1991 No. of Males Females No. of Males Females 1961 1971 1981 1991 households households

10 11 12 13 14 IS 16 17 18 19

17 127 188 4,612 10,468 10,818 21,286 4 20 4 3,321 7,931 7,979 15,910 18 177 171 7,320 16,506 17,028 33,534 5 37 252 6,399 14,798 15,319 30,117 39 623 114 5,401 13,013 12,706 25,719 4 12 52 5,005 12,025 12,516 20,594 24,541 622 6,691 3,907 152,210 362,322 369,164 NA 409,627 520,125 731,486

205 599 569 NA 996 988 1,168 205 599 569 NA 996 988 1,168 (79,190) (133,715)

2,414 5,510 5,650 11,160 3,230 7,900 8,058 15,958 2,584 6,223 6,219 12,442

18 48 10 4,578 13,051 12,368 25,419 17 99 45 3,771 8,509 8,736 17,245 10 84 14 2,645 6,144 6,371 12,515

45 231 69 19,222 47,337 47,402 94,739

215

ANNEXURE - A SCHEDULES

(i) House List (ii) Enterprise list (Iii) Household Schedule ( iv) Individual Slip (v) PGDHTP Schedule

aNSUS OF INDIA 1991 HOUSEI,IST Plat No •••• _ ..... COMIIO~NTlAl NIIDI01 SCltIlUT" ...... "... ".. ""." ...... Codl No...... Name of VIIIae!IT own ...... Code No ...... Nam.oIDIV.IIodI ...... "...... Nal1ll 01 Dklrict ...... "". Code No...... NIIDI or No. of Wl'dMoh.llla/Hamlet ...... Code No ...... ".. "...... NamtalTIhlIllTIiIiJP.S.I

0". 11ocIIGt~, !Ie ...... Code 1\1:' ...... Enilllnion Block No ...... Code No ..... "......

Ule.l WhOI~ III pani'f ~ I r!!14!1I:' UIII BuUdilfNo. C!fIsIIl I'ndomlnln( PlIIJIOIlrorwltk/lCllllllillvll RInurb Fill hladolhoultholdolff, F.mIIabIe IIIhI hoiotIdd cr No.olPflOlll No. (HIII\~1 haul! consuualon ilKldlhW,llIp!lliyui!d illite til IhI houH1d:I IIIIIcrlllOrt IIOIIIIIlJ ,,~ llIioclI No. material lor IUhn~ II1II III mon W" lIItIIIbIJoIlhI 611 III 1M IIIIf10rly oI(e!KIII haul! prile,tlienlllpri'.t) Oritq houMtioId 111«l11li$ NmI' hoIIIIIIoIdllRlll .. ! 1n0ll'1II'_ No.) 1 f~: IIIpp1y 8 1 1IUriIIIIfI000iIkM 3: I< LI. r-~- 11 I dlkctMIIIlllllni f!li ! ~ IIIdwldlaut !~I!~ J ~ f pnmillcr~ tilt ] ... ~ ! opIIIaIr?lljII, 5 ~h =~ ~ ~!] ~ IIIIt111rprhe.L d ! _'" I - 1 Z ~ 1 I!! ~ '.I ~. if - 0 ~ ~l:t ~ 1 z - d JiI (I .. '$ 1 ~ j J :I: III ~ ~1 !l~ h !II I ~ ! I j 1 2 3 4 S 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 \l 14 IS 16 11 18 19 20 11 ~ %l 24

1 ...... ,. I ...... I

,...... 4

5

6 .... ,.... 7

8

9

0

'Toul...._ 'Toul_ Key til Codes: To~

'Caoithe..,t.rdIllUl

WAllICO.4): IGrm.leIvoI,r1OIIorilllb.wllll~ G-b!IcIJ!l)]lwaodI4) I(;b!IcIJ Isd I CJ.IIotuOfolllr __!6d 50URC£OFDP.lNKINGWATERSUPPlYI~ IS): lWei (I) II TIP 12" ~1IIbIwtR (3)1 ~CIIIII 14d [3IC--IIII~ NEE] ~ II1II 10dtrI 16i1 TYPE Of FUEl USED FOR COOKING (Col. 19): [1AwdI" ale £Iearkiy 1001 Ito. 511 5 ...... ,1hIIIII, wood,""',""'""b!IcIJ« ...... ll~ r-11I;;-,I1II;-«-.-I'""'IIIIIc.m,.talrDn,dUoIIIr ...... I!U (1)11 @lCGIIC«.(JH§-'4j ICooklll PI (5)11 Wood (6) II BIo-ps In I &_tillt"4dl'rlcls,""'''''''S'18Ic-u~Jl.c.c.1n I"d~ IKtnmn! (8l1 and 10dI4n (9D flOOl lto.6J:S iWoollllotll'I'II"",,"d,'l,IE""'''''''4J I~t!i[ HOIlkIIIoI61].d 100000inj

Slanature of Enumerator...... Dace ...... $IpIIn of Su.-...... Date...... ,...... Page No ...... CENSUS OF INDIA 1991 (ECONOMIC CENSUS) ENTERPRISE LIST

1. State/Union Territory ...... Code No...... 5. Name or No. ofWardlMohalla/Hamlet...... Code No ...... 2. District ...... Code No...... 6. Enumerator's Block No ...... 3. Tahlll/TalukalP.~.IDev. Block/Circle etc ...... Code No...... 7. CD. Block...... Code No ...... 4, Village/Town ...... ,Code No ...... , B. RurallUrban ...... Code No.

~ N o

[a] la] [b] [b] [b] [b] [b] [ij In [ij [0 [ij [ij to lmd] totaH xx xxx x

to13I·2 xx x x xxx x x x x x [e] Ie] [c] [e] [c] [c] [c] [clle]

Signawre of Enumerator ..... "...... ,...... ,...... ,., ...... ,...... date "Type of ownership-private· 1, c~radvfo2, public· 3 51gnawre of Supervisor ...... ,...... date "Power/fuel used-without power· 1, electricfty·2, coal/soft coke·3, petrol/dleseJ.4, gas·5, nrewood-6, blogas·7, animal power·B, others·9.

(a) count number of entries and give total (b) count number of entries with code 1and give total (cl give total of entries with code 1in col.5 (d) count number of all entries In col. 17 and give total In the bracket (e) count number of entries In col. 17 corresponding to code lin col, 5and ~ve total In the bracket (0 ~ve total of all entries. CENSUS OF

Boot No .... "...... ".... Fonn No ..' ...... ltlll ...., ..

Locadon code ...... 1...... '.,11 ...... 1,.'1

Serial nuriter of household ".'._ ...• 1 .... "'...... " ..... ,. HOUSEHOLD ,... 51. Name Relationship ...iL Ale Mother tonlUe Rel~on ...... Name or Male No. to head M F u~ schedu~d "' .... caste/tribe J t foo Entry In Entry In ! -s'" ~ 14A 148 15 i f ~ ! ! Yes No Yes No 1 2 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 IJ 14 15 16 17

Total" ..... _ SC ST t tin the boxes ~ve the total after coundlll the entries. M

F p

Slll'1tureofEnwnerator,' .... ,.II' .. ,•• ,.~"'.tI ... U" .. "tI, ... INDIA 1991 CONFIDENTIAL

Type of household (Institutional or Houseless)* ." ...... ""."."""." ...... "...... ,, ... .. SCHEDULE Code No. ofDevelopmentBlock ...... ,......

51. Male Female If OW in ISA indicate No. Entry in 1SA EntfY in Entry In Entry In 1SA Name of establ~hment Nature of Industry, Description of work ...~ $ 14A 14B trade or service ~ I.'" ...~ C AL HHI OW ::i ~ Yes No Yes No C AL HHI OW

1 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 ,......

...... ,,'

." ... 0".

1"" .... ,

otalH For office use only * For Institutional write 1 I~ 3tegory M Category M F Category M F For House\ess WTlte 0 Checked and found correct III VI IX IV Vll Marginal Workers V(b) VIII XNon· Workers

SignatureofSupervlsor ...... ".... "' .. '.... ".... "'" .. ".,,, ... n'III"I., ~ign3tureof Coder ...... CENSUS OF INDIA 1991 INDIVIDUAL SLIP CONFIDENTIAL

Location Code ...... } SI. No. of Household [ ] Pad No. ------

Code No. of Development Block ...... Slip No. ------

Name ...... ,...... 2 Relationship to head...... :'" .. .!...... ~ 8 Religion ...... ~ ..... :..... !.... ~ ...... · ·········0. . . ! ~~~ :~:~ ~:.~~:~~~:~~ ~:: ::::::: :::::::::: j...... :9 9 Whether S.c. (1) or S. T. (2) •.••...... 10 Name of Scheduled Caste/Tribe ·:·····~·····r···~ .. 5 Marital status ...... : .....: ...... ~ .. ···:····:0 6 Mother tongue ...... !' ... : .... ;-.... ;- ... : 11 Literate (1 }/illiterate (2) .•.•.•.•••.•....•..•...... • , ...... •••••••• 1 •••• ' 12 Educational attainment ...... •...... 7 Two other languages known ...... ,. ... " f····r····~·····r···: · ...... -: .... !.. ...~ .....: ....! · ...... : : : : : 13 ~~~~~~;~~·~~~~~;~~~I~~~~:·~:·;i;·;~~~~;·)··:···· .. O

Yes :..... ~ .... ~ 14A Did you work any time at all last year? ._------...... , . No (H/ST/D/RIB/I/O) ...... :. ... : (including unpaid work on farm or in family enterprise) 14B If 'Yes' in 14A, did you work for major part of last year? Yes( 1)/No (2) ...... 0 'Yes'in 14B (CiALlHHIIOW) ...... ,. ... , 15A Main activity last year? 'No' in 14B (H/ST /D/RlB/I/O) ...... · . . ·...... If HHI/OW in 15A (i) Name of establishment ...... (ii) Nature of industry, trade or service ...... r .. T .. T... 1

...... ! ... .. ~ ..... ~ .... ~ (iii), Description of work ...... :..... i •••• .;. . ••• .! (iv) Class of worker ...... •...... : ..... ~ 'Yes'in. 14B-any other work any time last year? Yes (CiALlHHIIOW)/No ..... " 15B 'No' in 14B-Work done any time last year? (C/AL/HHIIOW) If HHIIOW in 15B (i) Name of establishment ...... (ii) Nature of industry, trade or service ...... ,..... ,.... , :. :. :. .: ., ...... ! ..... ~ .... ~.... ~ 'I'I') D .. f k : : : : (I escnptlon 0 wor ...... : ....., .... ~. .... ~. (iv) Class of worker ...... :8: 16A If 'No' in 14A, seeking/available for work? Yes (1 )/No(2) ...... 16B If 'Yes' in 16A, have you ever worked before? Yes (1 )/No(2) ......

223 17A Whether you are an Ex-selViceman? Yes( 1)/No(2) ••...•...... •.•...•.•...•..•.•...... •••••••••••.•••....••••.•.... 17B If 'Yes' in 17A, Pensioner( 1)lNon-Pensioner(2) ....••.•...•..•.•••...•...... •..•..•...•..•••••••••••••••.•••••.••...•••. B

18 Birth place :.... ~ 22 For all ever-married women only (a) Place of birth ...... 0:: (b) Rural (1 )/Urban{2) ...... -:-.... • (a) Age at marriage •••••••••••••••••••••••••. I~ _---' (b) Number of children surviving (c) District ...... - .... . i. .... L. ... i. at present (d) State/Country ...... :.. ... L ... L.J 19 Last residence C"': HaleD Female 0 Total D (a) Place of last residence ...... :0: (b) Rural (1 )/Urban (2) ...... ~ ...... (c) Number of children ever born alive (c) District ...... •.... l .... i .... i (d) State/Country ...... L... L ... L.J Male D Female D Total D 20 Reasons for migration from place D of last residence (Code) * ...... 23 For currently married women only

21 Duration of residence at the village or I Any child born alive during :.... ~. town of enumeration ...... '--_...J last one year ...... ,;.... ;

IEmployment (1) I Business (2) Education (3) I Family moved (4) I

Marriage (5) Natural calamities like drought, floods, etc. (6) Others (7)

224 CONFIDENTIAL LOCATION CODE,__ _ CENSUS OF IteD1A-1991 (To be filled In by the enumerator) POSTGRADUATE DEGREE HOLDERS & TECHNICAL PERSONNEl SURVEY INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILLING UP THE FORM: Please fill up this form if you are holding Rural/Urban [Please tick (-1) one 1 I. Postgraduate degree in any subject, or 2. Technical Degree/Diploma in Engineering, Technology, Medicine (Allopathy, Homoeopathy, Ayurvedic, Unani), Agriculture, Pharmacy, Architecture, Education, Veterinary Science, Dentistry, Nursing, Applied ArtS, Management, law, library Science, Physical Education, Computer Science, or 3. ITI Certificate IMPORTANT: Please tick (--II correct information about yourself against the questions marked*: 4, 5, 6(a), --I 6(b), 7(b), 9, 10 col. (4),12 (c), 14 (a). For example If you are female-Male/Female 1. Name ______2. Mailing address ______3. Date of bIrth 4 Sex* Male/Female 5. Are you married*: YesINo. 6 (a) Do you belong to Scheduled Caste/Tribe* : YesINo 6(b) If Yes* (SC/ST) 7(a} Home State: (the State to which you belong) (7b) location of your residence *Rural/Urban 8. Educational Qualifications (Please start with highest level of qualification)

Degree/Diplomal Subject Year of Division Unlversltyllnstitution/ State/Country Certificate Passing Professional Body (i)

(ii) (iii)

9. Activity status*: (a) Employee (b) Self employed (c) Student (d) Trainee / Apprentice (e) House-hold work (f) Retired (g) Not employed (I) Seeking job (2) Available for job (3) Not available for job 10. If employee (now or earlier), employment details [Enter code Nos (mentioned overleaf) for nature of activity of organisation, nature of work and sector1 Employment Name of the Location of the Nature of Sector of Nature of Year of Year of Total income organisation organisation activity employment work Joining leaving (including allowances) of the (Mention Mention (Rs per month) State *Rural (R) Organisation Code no.) (Code No.) Urban (U) (Mention code no) At entry Last drawn 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Present (RlU) l>< Immediate (RlU) past First , (RlU)

11. If self employed: (I) Since which year (ii) Average monthly earning Rs p.m. (iii) If employing others, number of persons employed (iv) Nature of activity of your organisation (v) Nature of your work (Please see overleaf the code numbers for iv & v) 12. If unemployed: (a) Duration of continuous unemployment (in months) (b) Please mention period, from (c) Would you like to be self employed* (-reslNo) If so, how______13. Please Indicate your field of specialisation In order of priority (I )______(2) ______14. (a) Is nature of your present employment relevant to your field of specialisation * (YesINo) (b) If no, please Indicate the area/manner in which your expertlze could be best utilised, ______I S. Visits abroad for study/research/training and employment for more than 3 months stay: (a) Total number ofvisits ___(b) Total stay (months)

(c) Details of two visits of longest duration: Purpose Country Duration (months) Year of return (i)

Signature (U) Date IMPORTANT: Please return this form to the enumerator duly filled In, failing which post It. 225 INSTRUCTIONS BUSINESS REPLY INLAND LETTER Fo~owlng code numbers have to be mentioned 'underemployment details In Item No. 10 and II for nature of activity of the organisations nature of work and sector of employment. Postage will IARIP.O. No Postage A. NaMe of activity of the org3l11satlon be paid by NEW DELHI 110012 necessary [Enter the code number In Column No.5 of Items 10 and In Item II (Iv) J Addressee PERMIT NO. If posted Code No. Nature of activity of the organisation ORO (C) 162 In India

1. Agrlculnlre, Forestry & F~hing 2. Mlnfng & Quarrying. 3. Manufacturlng, Processing Including plant maintenance. 4. Generation & Distribution of electricity, gas and water. 5. Construcdon. 6. Wholesale & Retail trade Including restaurant and hotels. 7. Transport, Storage and Communication Organisations. 8. Banking, Insurance and similar flnanclallnstltutlons. Human Resource Development Group, CSIR 9. Real Estates & Legal ServIces Division for Scientific & Technical Personnel 10. Public Admlnlsuatlon. CSIR Complex, NPL Campus, PUS3 II. Education (Universities & Colleges). New Deihl· 110012 12. Education (PolytechniC &, ITI). 13. Education (Schoo~). 14. Research & Development 15. Medical & Health Services. 16. Community, Social & Personal ServiCes Including Repair Services 17. All other activities not covered above (Please specify). o ....I B. Nature of Your Work ..'" [(Enter the code number In Column No.7 ofkem 10 and Item 11 (v)] ~ ~ N -t ------THIRDFOLD ______0 N CadeNo. Nature of work 0'" 0- I'" 0 8 11.1 I. Teaching VI 2. Teaching cum Research 3. Research 4. Professional work refated to fleld of your education for example: En~neers, Medical Doctors. lawyers. Economists. etc. 5. Design & Developme'1tlT esdng/Quality Control 6. Repair & Maintenance 7. Mnln~tradonlManagement 8. OericallSecretarlal/Accounting 9. Participating dlrecl~ In prodlctlon/processlng work. 10. Engaged In actMtles related to agrkulturelanlmal husbandry 11. Providing Community/Social/Personnel Sefllices 12. Others (Please specify) C. Sector of Employment (Enter the code number In Column No.6 of Item 10) Code No. Sector of employment L Central Government 2. State Government 3. PubHc Sector Undertaking (Cenual) 4 Public Sector Undertaking (State) 5. local Bodies e.g. Municipal Corporation 6. Private Sector 7. Autonomous bodies (e.g. Unlversldes.ICAR CSIR ICSSR) 8. CooperatiVe & Joint Sector ANNEXURE - B INSTRUCTIONS TO ENUMERATORS FOR FILLING UP THE HOUSE LIST

ANNEXURE - B

INSTRUCTIONS TO ENU}.1ERATORS FOR FILLING UP THE HOUSE LIST

'ntroductlon (6) Preparation of the abstract of the Enterprise list.

Before the census ofthe population Is taken In 1991, It 5. The preparation of notional map and the lay-out sketch Is essential to locate and to Identify all places which are occu­ is first described and after that the basic concepts relating to pied or used or which are likely to be occupied or used by a building, a census house and the household are Indicated. people. The houselistlng operations are mainly meant for Thereafter, the actual Instructions with regard to filling up of this purpose and housellstlng is a primary but Important step the housellst have been given. In the census. Preparation of notional maps and lay-out sketches 2. The housellst which Is proposed to be canvassed dur­ Ing the housellsdng operaOOns is given at the end of this book. 6. In order to be able to complete the housellst it would It will be noticed that the form Is simple. It collects certain be necessary to locate and Identify the buildings and hosues. basic Information which will help In forming enumeration This can only be done if you are thoroughly familiarwith the blocks for the census Itself. In addition, information on the area assigned to you for these operations. The purpose of the amenities available to the census household is collected. The lay-out sketch and the notional map Is essentially to ensure houselfst also serves as a frame for the enterprises for which that your jurisdiction Is quite dear. Also, as will be seen later, It a separate" Enterprise List" will have to be canvassed as part Is only If a lay-out sketch ii prepared that you will be able to of the housellsting operations. allot census house numbers wherever necessary. The first step, therefore, is to prepare the notional map and lay-out sketch of 3. The manner in which the housellst has to be com­ the area assigned to you. pleted and the concepts and their explanation are described In detail In this book. It is absolutely essential for you to Notional Map become thoroughly familiar with these Instructions since this 7. The notional map, as its very name indicates, is a job of housellsting Is an extremely important one. Apart from map which is not drawn to scale. It Is prepared for the entire listing of houses you will also be collecting some useful data village or urban block and is meant to show the location of on the amenities available to the household which are re­ each enumeration block within the village or town. Whether quired for planning purposes. The success of the housellstlng It is for a village or an urban block, the notional map will operations Is very much dependent on a thorough under­ have to show the general topographical details of the entire standing of the concepts, definitions and instructions and on village or urban block. If a survey map is already available a faithful application of these concepts and definitions and with the village revenue official, the preparation of the no­ your following the Instructions In the actual filling of the tional map will be easy because that can be copied out and houselist form. If you have any doubt you should not hesi­ the topographical details entered. The topographical details tate to ask your Supervisor or your Charge Officer for clari­ which should be indicated on the notional map would in­ fication. As a census enumerator you havea great responsi­ clude permanent features and landmarks such as the village bility and there is no doubt that you will perform this task site, well-known roads, cart tracks, hills, rivers, nallas, etc., with pride and d~otion to duty. as also railway line and similar cearly recognizable features. It is important that the boundaries of panchayats, patwaris' 4. The housellstlng operations will involve certain basic crides or halkas or hamlets are distinguished If possible and steps which may be briefly summarised as follows: the names of hamlets should also be entered wherever they are known by partlcular names. For the purpose of prepara­ (1) The preparation of a notional map and a lay-out sketch tion of the notional map, you will be provided a seaprate ofthe area assigned to you. sheet. Please use this for preparation of the notional map.

(2) Numbering of buildings and census houses. 8. The notional map will In effect be an oudlne map of the village or urban block. Specimen notional maps for rural and (3) Filling up the houselist itself. urban areas may be seen at Annexes A and B.

(4) Preparation of the housellst abstract. 9. In the case of very large villages when there are many blocks, it may be difficult to Indicate the outline of the entire (5) FIlling up the Enterprise list for which separate Instruc­ village. In such cases, It Is sufficient If you show in the notional tions have been Issued to you. map the block assigned to you.

229 Lay-out Sketch timber, Ekra, etc.

10. Having prepared the notional map, you would have Roof material : Tiles, GCI (galvanized corrugated iron) to prepare the detailed lay-out sketch of your block. The lay­ sheets, asbestos cement sheets, RBC out sketch is in effect a detailed map of the block assigned to (re-inforced brick concrete), RCC (re­ you in which will be shown the streets and the bildings on the inforced cement concrete) and timber, streets. The main purpose of this lay-out sketch is to Clearly etc. present the streets in the block and the buildings so that based on the lay-out sketch the operations can be carried out. As in Houses, the walls and/or roof of which are made of the case of the notional map, in the lay-out sketch also impor­ materials other than those mentioned abovaesuch as unbrunt tant topographical details should be shown. This is not a docu­ bricks, bambooos, mud, grass, reeds, thatch, loosely packed ment which is drawn to a scale. It is a free hand drawing. In stone, etc., may be treated as Kutcha houses. order to be able to draw the lay-out sketch it would be neces­ sary for you to go around the village or block assigned to you 13. When once the location of every building or house is so that you become familiar with the area, the way the streets demarcated on the sketch it will be so simple matter to de­ run and the main topographical features. Having gone around cide on numbering the buildings/house in one series follow­ the village or block, you should start from one end of the vil­ ing certain principles. No hard and fast rule can be laid down lage or block and draw a sketch. as to the direction in which the house numbers should run i.e. left 0 right or in a clockwise order or north-west to south­ It is important that the dividing lines between one blockand east and so on. Much depends on the lay-out. So long as another should be clearly demarcated. Such dividing lines, some convenient and intelligible order is followed it should besides following some natural boundaries wherever possi­ be alright. The numbers allotted to each house should be ble, should also be indicated by the survey numbers that fall marked on dthe sketch and with the help of arrow marks at on either side of the dividing line in cadastrally surveyed vil­ convenient intervals, the direction in which the house num­ lages. In villages which are not cadastrally surveyed, the line bers run should be indicated. This is particularly important can be indicated by the name of the owner of the field on either when streets cut across one another and the house number­ side of the line or by the name of the field, if any. ing series along a streest get interrupted. It will be of advan­ tage if the numbers are roughlly marked in pencil on this 11.ln the lay-out sketch every sigle building or house sketch and later verified with the actual state of things on should be shown. PucGland kutchahouses must be shown by ground to see if the order of numbering given in the lay-out signs like a square 0 for a PUCCI house and a triangle ~ sketch would be convaenient or any change is needed, for for Kutcha house further classifying them as wholly or partly after all the sketch is only a rough on and the actual state of residential or wholly non-residential by shading as follows: buildings on ground may suggest a more convenient order of numbering at some places. Having satisfied yourself that the 0- Pucc.] house, whether wholly or partly residential numbering has gone on right lines you may ink them. Speci­ men lay-out sketches for rural and urban areas may be seen § - PucGlwholly non-residential at Annexes C and D. 1 4. Where villages are not cadastrally surveyed and the ~ - Kutcha house, whether wholly or partly residential village boundaries not fixed by survey, it is essential that the, limits of each village are defined by some permanent fea­ A -Kutchawholly non-residential tures so that one is sure that any house falling in a particular area may be reckoned with reference to a particular village. 12. It is difficult to give a comprehensive and detailed definition of the terms "Pucca"and "Kutcha"houses to cover different patterns of structures all over the country. The cat­ 15.ln the forest areas, all habitations are not on a settled egorisation of the houses as Pucca or Kutcha for the pur­ pattern. There are forest villages which may be just like other pose of depicting them on the lay-out sketches will facilitate revenue villages or mauzas. For such villages, the normal their inentification. Also as Kutcha houses are not likely to procedure for preparing lay-out sketches may be followed. be long-lasting, anyone referring to the lay-out sketches a But apart from such villages, there could be clusters of habi­ few years later can easily distinguish settlement areas which tations spread out in the forest. Your work will be facilitated are likely to have undergone a change. For the pupose of if, fosr the purpose of netting such clusters, a lay-out plan is preparation of lay-out sketches, a PUCGl house may be treated prepared of the forest area comprising the lowest adminis­ as one which has its walls and roof made of the following trative unit (such as, beat of a Forest Guard). Then the clus­ materials: ters should be drawn on the lay-out sketch. Name of the cluster should also be written, Ifit has a local name. If there Wall material: Burnt bricks, stone (duly packed with is no name, then it would be necessary to identify it with lime or cement), cement concrete or reference to any known permanent feature slich as a stream,

230 a range of hills, road and so on. After drawing the bounda­ and their names also written. Then each building and house ries of such cluster on the lay-out sketch, the laction of each should be located on this sketch. It will fa ciliate your work house should be indicated on it and a number assigned to and of others if the wholly non-residential houses are distin­ each house. Habitations (clusters) falling within the area of guished from the residential houses by hatching as indicated the smallest forest administrative unit shaul betaken as one in paragraph 11. Here again the important permanent build­ village for the purpose of house numbering and houselisting. ings such as say, town-hall, large oftlce building, court build­ ing, post office, , school, church, market building, 16. Since it is likey that some of the tribal habitations etc., should be indicated on the map. may change their locations now and then, it is necessary to define the location of a habitation area with reference to any 20. For those towns which already have a satisfactory known permanent feature as indicated above in regard to the house-numbering system, you should adopt the same for prepa­ clusters in forest areas. ration of house-numbering maps referred to above. The house­ numbering can be brought up-to-date with the help of your 17. In the case of tea estates, coffee estates, plantations, lay-out map. But if there is no proper house-numbering system etc., the pattern may be slightly different. You will be well ad­ in the town, you will be required to assign numbers to the vised to first contact the estate or plantation authroties, study hosues in the lay-out sketch (es) of your jurisdiction in the the pattern of habitation and then decide on the lay-out plan manner Indicated below. Where a rationalised house-number­ and listing of villages. Listing of villages of such estates will ing system is proposed to be introduced for the first time these have been done by your superior officers and a list may have sketches will greatly help the authorities. • been prepared already and such village or villages assigned to you with necessary code number and so on. In that case, your Numbering of buildings and census houses in task is easy. You have only to find out from the estate or plan­ rural and urban areas tation authorities, ti1e boundaries of the village or drea allotted to you. You should then visit the area and decide on the lay­ 21. You have to give numbers to 'Buildings' and 'Census out sketch. Houses in all areas. The instructions given hereafter will guide you to determine a building or a census house for the purpose 18. Urban areas: The preparation of notional maps and the of houselisting. A building Is a readly distinguishable struc­ lay-out sketches (containing house numbers) in urban areas ture or group of structures which is taken as the unit for house should essentially follow the same procedure as in the urban numbering. The entire building may be deemed one census "areas should essentially follow the same procedure as in the house or sometimes part of it, as will be explained. Theobjec­ rural areas except that in most urban units the draughtsman of tive is to ultimately number and list out all physial units of the Municipal Administration might have already prepared constructions which are used for different purposes, residen­ town maps perhaps even to scale, and these may come in ex­ tialor othelWise. tremely handy. It has been found from expreience that the boundaries of towns are often times loosely defined and not 22. Building: A building is generally a single structure on properly demarcated giving rise to severa) doubts regarding the ground. Sometimes it is made up of more than one compo­ the areas lying on the outskirts of towns. It is important that nent unit which are used or likely to be used or dwellings (resi­ the map should very clearly indicate the boundaries by means dences) or establishments such as shops, business houses, of definite survey numbers and also other permanent features. offices, factories, workshops, worksheds, schools, places of Sometimes, one'Sjde of the road may fall within the town limits entertainment, places of worship, god owns, stores, etc. It is and the other side get excluded as it may be outside the defined also possible that buildings which have component unit may boundary of the town. All these points should be carefully be used a combination of purposes such as shop-cum-resl­ verified on the ground before the maps are certified to be dence, workshop-cum-residence, office-cum-residence, etc. correct by the supervising authorities. Cases of sub-urban growth adjoining the limits of a town and such cases as one 23. Sometimes a series of different buildin~ may be found side of a street falling outside the limit of a town should be along a street which are joined with one another by common brought to the notice of the superior officers who will have to walls on either side looking like a continuous structure. These ensure that such built up areas are properly accounted for within different units are practically independent of one another and the administrative unit in which they fall. likely to have been built at different times and owned by differ­ ent persons. In such cases though the whole structure with all 19.1n urban area very detailed plans showing the location the adjoining units apparently appears to be one building, each of every building or house along every road and street in your portion should be treated as a separate building and given block should be clearly prepared. In view of the very large separate numbers. On the other hand, you may come across number and close location of houses in urban-areas it may be cases, particularly in large cities of multi-storeyed ownership necessary to have a number of sketches each covering a lim­ flats. In t~ese cases while the structure looks like one buildin& ited area. A lay-out sketch of your block should be prepared in the flats are owned by different persons. In case of such multi­ which all the roads and streets should be clearly indicated storeyed structures, having a number of flats owned by djf-

231 ferent persons, the entire structure should be treated as one has been completed should be given a number in the serial. building and each flat as a separate house. c' (v) If a new builcUng either PUCQ or Kutchil is found 24. Sometimes in metropolitan cities the local authori­ after the house-numbering has been completed or in the midst ties may have considered the flats in a block or in large colo­ of buildings already numbered, it should be given a new nies as separate buildin~ and numbered them as such. If the number which may bear a sub-number of the adjacent build­ house numbering system of the local authorities is adopted ing number e.g., 10/1 ... as such, you may treat each such flat as a separate building because this will avoid your having to renumber these. NOTE: These should bot be I'ly.nibered as 1O( 1) or 10(2) etc., as such numbering would apply to census houses 25. If within a large enclosed area there are separate within the same building. On the other hand, 10/1 would structures owned by different persons then each such struc­ mean a separate building that has come up after building ture should be treated as one or more separate buildings. No. 10. Sometimes thete may be a number of structures witln an enclosed area or compound owned by an undertaking or Census House company or government which are occupied by their em­ ployees. Each such structure should be treated as a separate 29. A 'Census House'is a building or part of a building building. If such buildings have a number of flats or blocks having a separate main entrance from the road or common CDUrt­ which are Independent of one another having separate en­ yard or stairase, etc. ,used, or recognied as a separate unit. It trance from a common courtyard or staircase and occupied may be occupied or vacant. It may be used fosr a residential by different households each such flat or block should be or non-residential purpose or both. considered as a separate census house. 30. If a building has a number of flats or blocks which 26. Usually a structure will have four walls and a roof. But are independent of one another having separate entrances of In some areas the very nature of construction of houses Is their own from the road or a common staircase or a com­ such that there may not be any wall. For example, a conical roof mon courtyard leading to a main gate, they will be consid­ almost touches the ground and an entrance Is also provided ered as separate census houses. If within a large enclosed and therewill not be anywall as such. Such structures should area, there are separate buildings owned by different per­ be treated as buildings and census houses as the ase may be. sons then each such building should be treated as one or more separate buildings. You may come across cases where 21. If there is more than onestructurewlthin an enclosed within an enclosed compound there may be separate build­ or open oompound (premises) belonging to the same person, ings owned by an undertaking or company or even govern­ e.g., the main house, the servant's quarter, the garage, etc., ment, actually in occupation of different persons. For exam­ only one building number should be given for this group and ple, 1.0.c. colony where the buildings are owned by the each of the constituent separate structures assigned a sub­ Corporation but these are in occupation of their empolyees. numberlike 1(1),1(2), 1(3) and soon provided these structures Each such building should be reckoned as a separate build­ satisfy the definition of a 'Census House' given hereafter. ing. But if in anyone of these buildings there be flats in occupation of different households, each such flat should be 28. The buildgins should be numbered as follows: treated as a separate census house.

(i) Ifin a village the locality consists of a number of streets, 31 . It may be difficult to apply the definlton of census the buildings in the various streets should be numbered con­ house strialy in certain cases. For example, in an urban area, tinuously. Streets should betaken in uniform order from North­ a flat has flve rooms each roOm having direct entrance to the west to South-east. It has been observed that the best way of common staircase or court-yard. By definition this has to be numbering the buildings is to continue with one consecutive treated as flve census houses. If all these flve rooms are occu­ serieal or one side of the street and complete numbering on pied by a single household It Is not realistic to treat them as five that side before crossing over to the end of the other side of census houses. In such a case 'singleness' of use of these the street and continuing with the serial, stopping finally op­ rooms alongwith the main house should be considered and the posite to where the first numberbegan. endre flat should be treated as one census house. On the other hand, If two Independent households occupy these flve rooms, (ii) In a toWn!city enumeration block, the numbering will the first household living In 3 rooms and the second house­ haveto run along the axis of the street and not in any arbitrary hold occupying 2 rooms, then considering the use the the first geographical direction. three rooms together should be treated as one census house and the remaining rooms as another census house. But If each (m) numerals, i.e., 1,2,3, ... etc., should be used for room is OCCupied by an Independent household then each such buildings numbers. room should be treated as a separate census house.

(iv) A building under construction, the roof of which 32. In case of hostels, hotels, etc., even If the door of 232 each room in which an inmate lives opens to a common Household verandah, staircase, courtyard or a common room, as it hap­ pens almost invariably, the entire hostel/hotel building should 38. A household is a group of persons who commonly be treated as one census house. But if such hostels/hotels live together and would take their meals from a common have out-houses or other structures used fosr different pur­ kitchen unless the exigencies of work prevented any of them poses or the same purpose then each such stru<:ture attached from doing so. There may be a household of persons related to the main hostel/hotel should be treated as a separate cen­ by blood or a household of unrelated persons or having a sus house and will be given sub-numbers of the main build­ mix of both. Examples of unrelated households are boarding ing. houses, messes, hostels, residential hotels, rescue homes, jails, ashrams, etc. These are called "Institutional Households". 33. In some parts of the country, in rural areas, the There may be one member households, 2 member house­ pattern of habitation is such that a group of huts located in a holds or multimember households. For census purposes each compound, whether enclosed or unenclosed is occupied by one of these types is regarded as a "Household". one household. While the main residence may be located in one hut, other huts may be used for sleeping, as a kitchen, 39. If a group of persons who are unrelated to each bath room, baithak, etc. Though each of the huts is a sepa­ other live in a census house but do not have their meals from rate structure, they form a single housing unit and therefore, a common kitchen.then they would not constitute an Institu­ have to be treated collictlvely as a single census house. If tional household. Each such person should be treated as a some of the huts are used by one household and the others separate household. The important link in finding out whether by a second household as residence, then the two groups of there is a household or not is a common kitchen. huts shokuid be treated as separate census houses. However, If there are also other huts in the compound used for other 40. Each household will be listed according to the in­ purposes and not as part of the household's residence such structions that follow and a distinguishing number allotted to as, cattle shed, workshed, etc., they should be treated as each household. As each household will be related to the separate census houses. physical structure of a census house, the household number as such need not be painted on the door of each census 34. It is also possible that a household uses another struc­ house. Only the building and census house number will be ture, e.g., a baithak, separated from the main residence by some painted. distance or by other structures or by a road. In such cases, it may become necessary to treat that separate structure used as Houslisting "baithak" as a separate census house. 41. After the preparation of the notional maps and lay­ 35. It is usual to find in municipal towns and cities that out sketches (containing house numbers) and the numbering every site whether built upon or not is numbered by the mu­ of the houses, the next step is to list them in a prescribed nicipal authorities on property basis. Such open sites, even if schedule, namely, the houselist. these are enclosed by a compound wall, should not be listed for census purposes. Only cases where a structure with roof 42. At the 1991 census, a houselist form will be canvassed has come up should be treated as a census house and listed. on universal basis. Specimen form of the schedule to be so But in some areas th every natu re of constructiQn of houses is canvassed is given in Annexure A such that there may not be any wall. For example, a conical roof almost touches the ground and and entrance is also provided 43. The instuctions given below willguide you in frllingup and therewill not be anywall as such. Such structures should the houselist. of course be treated as buildings and census houses and num­ 44. On the top of the housellst form, provision is made bered and listed. to note the name of the State with Code No, District with 36. Pump houses, temples and other similar structures must Code No., NameofTehsiVTaluka/Police Station/Develop­ also be numbered and given census house numbers. These are ment Block/Circle and its Cide No., Name of Village/Town places where people can also live. Obviously, such structures and Its Code No., Name or No. of Ward/Mohalla/Hamlet need not be numbered if they are so small thClt no person and Enumerator's Block No. These entries which will be re­ can live in them. ferred to as "location Code" hereafter are to be filled in by you very carefully. The Location Code Is the method by 37. Each census house should be numbered. If a building which every village or town in anytehsil or police station In by itselfis a single census house, then the number of the cen- every district of a state Is Identified by a combination of num· sus house wilt be the same as the building number. But if bers. For this purpose every state, district, tehsil or police different parts or constituent units of a building qualify to be station, village or town, ward/mohalla/hamlet and enumera­ treated as separate census houses, each census house should tor's block in your state would have been allotted code num­ be giv~ne a sub-number within brackets after the building bers. Your Charge Officer or Suupervlsorwould have indi­ numberas 10(1), 10(2), etc. or t 1 (1), t t (2), t t (3),etc. cated to you the state, district, tehsil or police station and the 233 village ortown, ward/mohalla/hamlet and enumerator's block for building numbers. In CJses where there are null'lbers al­ code numbers allotted to you. You will have to enter these ready present and painted or fixed, these instructions natu­ numbers in the relevant spaces against the names of the vari­ rally will not apply. These instructions will apply entirely ous Jurisdictional units. Please note tlw the town number is depending on local circumstances. to begiven in /roman figures (I,. I~ III,. 110 etc.) to distingusih it from the village number which will be indiated bdy Ara­ 50. In many cases there may be large colonies or blocks bic numerals ( 1,2,3,4, etc.}. You should enter page number of flats where continuo LIS serial numbering has been adopted of the houselist continuously for your block. by the local authorities. Strictly speaking, each building in which there may be a set of flats should be given a building You will also be provided by your supervisor or charge number and the flats themselves given census house num­ officer the name of the development Block and its code bers. However,local authorities may have numbered the flats number. You have ot enter the same in the space provided continuollslywithout reference to the separate buildings. Such for this. In States/UTs where the Development Block is the situations exist in Delhi, Madras, Bombay, etc. and in offiCial next unit below the District, the name and the code number colonies. In such cases we need not change the numbering will be repeated here. system and may adopt it as such. In such cases you will obviously have to enter sthe same number in columns 2 and Col. I : line No. 3 of dthe houselist since a separate building number is now not being given. However, to ensure that all buildings have 45. Every line in the Houselist is to be numbered seri­ been covered, you shOUld put a bracket in column 2 enclos­ ally. The line numbers should be continuous for your block. ing all those flat numbers which are located in one single Arabic numerals should be used for this purpose, e.g., 1, 2, bUilding unit. The manner in which this is done is indicated 3, 4, etc. below:-

Col. 2 : Building No. (municipal or local authority Houselist or census No.) line Building No. (Municipal or local Census House 46. Some municipal towns may have a satisfactory sys­ No. authority or Census No.) No. tem of numbering the buildings and after preparation of the 2 3 lay-out sketch of your area, YOll would have given the same 1 215 number to the building located on the sketch. 215 ] 2 216 216 47. While preparing the lay-out sketch in the manner 3 217 217 described earlier you will have asigned building numbers to 4 218 218 each of the buildings shown in the lay-out sketch. Where the 5 219 numbering system of the municipality or local authority is 219 ] satisfactory, you would have adodpted it and given these 6 220 220 numbers in the lay-out sketch. In cases, where this numbering 7 221 221 system by the municipality or local authority is not 8 222 222 satisfactory, you would have given numbers to the buildings in a systematic manner as described earlier and it is this In the example given, each building consists of 4 flats. numbering system adopted by you that would have to be indicated in the lay-out sketch. Of course, you might have Col. 3 : Census House No. had to merely update or revise the numbering system that already exists in some cases. There can also be cases where 51 . What is a census house has already been described no numbering system existed earlier. In these cases you would in detail earlier. To recall the definition a census house is a have numbered the buildings and assigned them numbers in structure or part of a structure with a separate entrance which the lay-out sketch. Where the numbers in any of the systems may be inhabited or vacant and what may be used for any have not been indicated on the buildings themselves, you purpose by human being such as dwelling, a shop, a shop­ would also have painted them as mentioned earlier. Irrespective cum-dwelling, a place of workshop or a place of business, of the situation, you would have assigned a number to every workshop, school. etc. building in the lay-out sketch. . 52. In accordance with the instructions, you would have 48. The number which has beeen asigned in lay-out sketch allotted census house number to a building or to part of a in any of the system described above and which has already building. If there is only one census house in the building, then been put on the building or which might have been painted by the number of the census house will be the same as the build­ you on the building should be entered in this column. ing number. This will be repeated in this column. If a building has a number of flats or blocks which have separate entrances 49. Arabic numbers (e.g., 1,2, 3,...... ) ShOUld be used of their own and are independent of each other giving on the 234 road or a common staircase or a common courtyard leading to Col. 5 : Material of roof the main gate, they will be considered as separate census houses. If all the structures within an enclosed compound are 57. For material of roof. 8 codes have been provided, together treated as one building then each structure with a These Jre indicated in the schedule itself. For determining separate entrance should be treated as a separate census house. the material of the roof, you have to take into aCCOllrH the The order in which census houses within a building should be material out of which the outer roof exposed to the weather numbered, should be continuous, preferably clockwise or in and not the ceiling, is made, i.e., tiles, thatch, corrugaced any convenient manner if at all it is difficult to do it clockwise. iron, or asbestos cement sheets, or concrete, wood, mud, etc. If the roof is mainly made of bricks and stone and has a 53. Sometimes a building which may form a single struc­ mud plaster, cement plaster or lime plaster exposed to the ture may be occupied in its different parts or suites of rooms sky, the material of roof in such cases will not be mud, ce­ or even some single rooms by different households. These ment or lime but it will be bricks, stone, etc., which consti­ individual parts are likely to havE! separate entrances from a tute the fabric of the roof. In multistoreyed buildings the common Verandah, staircase or a courtyard. Then each of intervening floor will constitute the roof of the lower floor. these parts would assume the character of a separate census After ascertaining the material of the roof you have to give house. the suitable numerical code in Col. 5.

54. The census house number to be noted in this (01- Col. 6 : Material of floor umn will be the same as the building number already noted in column 2, if the building is by itself a single census house. 58. For material of floor, 7 codes have been provided But if the building is made up of portion each of which has as indicated in the schedule itself. For the material of floor been treated as a separate census houses according to the you have again to take the maior Dortion of material out of definition, then each of these census houses will bear the which the floor of che house is made, for example, if in 3 building number with a separate sub-number in brackets for house only the drawing room has mosaic floor while all other each census house, e.g., 9( 1), 9(2) ... 12( 1), 12(2), rooms and corridors have just cement flooring, the materi3! 12(3) ... etc. of floor to be recorded here will be 'cement', i.e., code 5. Again, if a house has tiled floor in the bath room and all NOTE: You should not indicate the number as 9/1 or 9/2 other rooms have cement floor the material of floor will again etc., as this method will be used in the assignment be 'cement'. For multistoreyed buildings the floor of the upper of a number to a new building not previously num­ storeys will be determined in the usual manner as discussed bered that has come up after building No.9 and above. It may be noted that the material of the roof of the before No.1 O. intervening floors of multi-storeyed buildings does not auto­ matically become the material of floor of the upper storeys. Cols. 4, 5, & 6 : Predominant construction material The floor material of the upper storey could be different of the census house from the fabric of the roof for the lower storey. For exam­ ple, in a two storeyed building, the roof of the ground floor could be RCC while the floor material of the first floor could 55. This question has been divided into three parts, i.e., be mosaic. (a) material of wall; (b) material of roof; (c) material of floor. For your convenience the descr'iption of the predominant 58.1 It is again emphasised that while recording the mate­ construction material has been indicated at the bottom of rials of wall, roof and floor, you have only to give the code houselist under each item i.e., wall, roof and floor. A nu­ number in the columns provided for this purpose and not de­ merical code for a group of materials has been indicated. scription. What you have to do is to enquire abQut the material and enter the appropriate code in Cols. 4-6 for each of the mate­ Col. 7 : Purpose for which census house is used. rials of wall, roof and floor respectively. (If wholly or partly used for running one or more enterprises, fill enterprise list) Col. 4 : Material of wall 59. The actual use to which a census house is put has to 56. For material of wall, 10 codes have been provided be recorded in this column. As you will recall, a census house which are indicated in the schedule itself. In order to deter­ can be used for a single purpose or for various purposes at the mine the material of wall you have to take into account the same time. To illustrate the types of uses to which the census material out of whch the major portions of the walls of the houses can be put, certain ex. 'nples are given below. These are house are made and then select the appropriate code. The illustrative and you should not feel that you should enter only code thus selected should be entered in Col. 4. Dash (-) what is mentioned here but it is important for you to use this as will be entered in case of structures with pillars without walls. guideline and write the description of the purpose for which the census house is used as fully as possible.

235 (i) Residence, shop-cum-residence, workshop-cum-resi­ (the exact use to be fully described In each case). dence, etc. The entry under column 7 will have to be made on the (ii) Factory/workshop and workshed etc. "Factory" line and not In the dotted box. should be written ifit is registered under the Indian Factories Act (Please see Annexe 'I'). An establishment using power 60. Column 7 refers to the purpose for which a census and employing 10 or more persons or which is run without house is used. There will be some cases where census houses use of power and employing 20 or more persons is a fac­ are used only for seasonal activities and at the time the tory. A 'workshop' is a place where any kind of production, houselisting is carried out by you, thi~ seasonal activity may repair or servicing goes on or where goods and articles are not be taking place. Such seasonal activities would be oll­ made and sold, but is not large enough to be a factory. It is mills (GhanI), Gur-makingin sheds, etc. It is necessary that the not necessary that some machinery should exist. Even a place seasonal use of such census house for running of an estab­ where some household industry such as say, hand loom weav­ lishment is recognised and that this seasonal use is noted in ing, bidi rolling, papad making, toy making, etc., is carried the column. You should, therefore, make enquirIes regarding on, should be noted as a workshop. If it is also used as a such activities so that the complete picture regarding the use residence it should be noted as workshop-cum-residence. of the census house is available. However, at the time of Make searching enquiry if a house is used for the purpose of houselisting, there may be cases where such census houses production of any goods or for some processing or repairing are being used for some other purpose such as a residence. even on a household industry basis, as these are not likely to Then the use to which this census house is being put at the be apparent to a casual observer. time of your visit should of course, be noted. In the case of census houses where their seasonal use has been noted by ou (iii) Shop: A shop is a place where articles are bought in column 7 please write in the same column that this use is and/or sold for cash or for credit. "Seasonal".

(Iv) Office, business house, bank, etc. : Business house Important Is that where transactions in money or other articles take place. 61. If the census house is found vacant, Le., if no per­ son is living in it at the time of houselisting and it is not being· (v) Hospital, dispensary, health centre, doctor's clinic, used for any purpose, write 'vacant'in this column. The rea­ etc. son for vacancy such as 'dilapidated', under repair (incom­ plete constructlon'/want oftenant',etc., may be recorded in (vi) School and other educational institutions. the 'Remarks' column.lf on the oth~ hand the census house is found locked because the occupants have gone on a jour­ (vii) Hotel, sarai, dharmshala, tourist house, inspection ney or pilgrimage, then it should not be treated as 'vacant' house, etc. but the use to which it is put should be recorded here and the fact that the occupants have gone on a journey or pil­ (viii) Restaurant, sweetmeat shop and eating place: (A grimage noted in the 'Remarks' column as 'House-occupants sweetmeat shop where sweetmeat Is being made and sold should on journey/pilgrimagt:'etc. Ifa ~ensus house has more than be recorded as workshop). one household in it, do not repe<1t the word 'residence'ln subsequent lines in column 7. (Ix) Place of entertainment: 62. If a particular census house is wholly or partly used for Examples - Cinema house, theatre, community hall runningoneor more enterprises, you must first enter the Use to (panchayat ghar) etc. which it is put in this column. Having done so, you will have to go to the enterprise list and enter details of such enterprise or (x) Place of worship, etc.: enterprises there as will be described in the instructions for filling up the enterprise list which have b;een supplied to you Examples -Temple, church, mosque, gurudwara, etc. separatelly. (xi) Institution : Enterprise Examples -Orphange, rescue home, jail, reformatory, chil­ 63. An enterprise is an undertaking engaged in produc­ dren's care home, etc. tion and/or distribution of goods and/or services not for sole (xii) Others : purpose ofown consumption. The workers in an enterprise may consist of members of the household or hired workers Examples - Chattle-Shed, garage, godown, laundry, petrol or both. An enterprise may be owned and operated by one filling station, passenger's shelter, etc. household or by several households Jointly (on a partnership

236 basis) or by an Institutional body. The activities of an enter­ Pepper prise may be carried on In a sIngle census house, In more than one census houses or In the open i. e."wlthout premises. Cardamom The activIty of the enterprise may also be carried on only Edible nuts, e.g., walnut, almond, cashewnut, etc. fosr a part of the year but on a fairly regular basis. Such cases should also be considered as an enterprise. In column ProductIon of and arecanut 7 details of only those enterprises which are carried on within census houses should be entered. Production offrults, e.g., bananas, apples, grapes, man­ goes, oranges etc. 64. It Is possible that more than one entrE!preneurial activ­ Ity Is carried on in the same census house. Ifthese activities are Production of ga~ja, cinchona, opium, etc. carried on by the same person or the same house hold but separate accounts are kept fosr each of these activities, they Crops of plantation, not else\Yhere classified (e.g., betel should be treated as separate enterprises. However, In cases leaves, cocoa, etc.) where the activities cannot be distinguished from one another. there will be only one enterprise pertaining to the major activ­ ImporUnt: Please note that while growing of tea, Ity. The major activity can be recognised on the basis of the coffee, tobacco, etc., should not be classified as an enter­ value of income, turnover or number of persons employed de­ prise, If In a census house these are processed, for example, pending on the infosrmation readily available during you en­ curing of tea leaves, curing of tobacco, etc., then these ac­ quires. For example, if a tailor sells doth also but does not tivities of processing will have to be treated as enterprises. maintain separate accounts for his tailoring activity and selling Similarly, manufacture of copra from coconut or the process­ of c1oth,then you should find out which Is the major actMty by Ing of cash ewnuts will also be an enterprise. Inquiring form which activty he gets a greater Income or In which he emplo)'5 more people, etc. This will be the activity 67. Mining and quarrying or manufacturing, process­ of the enterprise. Ing, repair or servicing activity are enterprises. Similarly, activltes relating to generation andtransmlsslon and distribu­ 65. Enterprises which are carried on In the open, i.e., tion of gas, steam, water supply, construction, wholesale or whlthout premises will be entered In column 2n as we shall retail trade hotels and restaurants, transport, storage, ware­ see later. housing, communication, financing, insurancel real estate and busines services, community, social and penonal services, 66. Please note that the growing of agricultural crops public administration and defence services such as govern­ mentioned below should not be classified as enterprises: ment offices, schools,hospltals,recreation and cultural serv­ ices, community services such as temples, etc., will also be Cereal crops (paddy, wheat, Jowar,baJra, maize, ragi, enterprises. In addition, you must note that the rearing of barley, etc.) cattle and production of milk, rearing of sheep for produc­ Pulses (aarhar, gram, moong, masur, urd, etc.) tion of wool, rearing or other animals such as pigs, rearing of bees and production of honey, rearing of srlk-worms and Raw cotton production of cocoons and raw silk, hunting, trapping, col­ lection of fuel and other forest products and their sale, gath­ Raw lute, mesta ering of materials such as herbs, resins, etc., catching and seiling of flsh, providing agricultural services such as spray­ Sunnhemp and other kindred fibres Ing, etc., are all enterprises. In other words, livestock pro­ Producdlon of oil seeds such as sesamum, groundnuts, duction, agricultural services, hunting, trapping and game mustard, nnseed, castor, rape seed, etc. propagation, forestry and logging and fishingwill also have to be clssltled as enterprises. Sugarcane Annex I]' gives allst of broad desCription of economic Roots and tubers, vegetables, singhara, chillies and spkes activities failing under the purview of Enterprise list of ec0- and flowers an parts of plants nomic census which will also help you to Identify and distin­ Agricultural production not elsewhere classified guish between agricultural and non-agricultural enterprises.

Tea 68. You win notice that an enterprise can becan1ed on with a census house or outside the census house without premises Coffee or In the open. The entries you makewUI be either In CDlurm Rubber 7 or column 20 depending on whether these enterprises are carried on within the census house or outside a census with­ Tobacco out premises respectively. 237 The enterprises without premises are either carried on 72. You must note the way in which you will have to in a shopping centre/maarket place or of moving type. All indicate the purpose for which the census house Is used In enterprises of moving type are to be captured throutgh col. this column. If a census house is used only for residential 20. The enterprises which are having fixed location in a purposes then only one line need be entered in this cloumn. maarket place/shopping centre will be of two types viz. (i) However, if a census house is wholly or partly non-residnetlal, enterprises operating in front 'of a shop/census house or at­ you must enter the Uses to which it is put in one line and tached to a census house and (II) those having fixed location then use the subsequent line or lines to describe the activity in the open air in a shopping centre/market place and cannot or activities which are carried on in this census house. Please be attached/linked to a census house/shop. The enterprises note that the serial number of the enterprise will have to be of type (i} will be covered through col. 7 and the enterprises noted within brackets against each such acativity starting form of type (Ii) will be netted through col. 20. For example, the very first eneterprise in your block. For example, If there watch repairer operating In one corner or In front of the Is a census house in which a shop and a clinic are run in shop will be netted through col.7 whereas cobblers sitting in combintion with residence, the entries beginning with col­ open at a fixed location In a market/shopping centre will be umn 1 would be (IS illustrated below: netted through col. 20. Line Building No, (municipal Census Purpose for which 69. It has been mentioned eaarlier that rearing of scattle No, or local authority or house census house is or production of milk will be an enterprise. In such a case census number) No. used (if wholly or partly used for running one or and in similar other cases, care should be taken to be sure more enterprises, fill en- that this activity can be classified as an enterprise. For exam­ terprise list) ple, if the milk produced is for self consumption and is not (col. 1) (col. 2) (col. 3) (col,7) usually sold as a regular practice, then this activity will not be 2 3 treated as an enterprise. Occasional sale of milk where a 4 person keeps cattle will not be an enterprise since he keeps 10 430 430(1 ) Resi dence-cum-shop- cattle evidnetly for production of milk for self-consumption. cllm-clinic The same approach should be adopted With regard to similar 11 Shop (6) activities like rearing of pigs, hens, bees, gathering of wood 12 Clinic (7) or forest products, etc. 13 430(2) Bakery-cum-Flour Mill

In some parts of the country as we have noticed earlier, 14 Bakery (8) there are Ibaithaks' or 'sanghois' which sometimes have to be considered as separate census houses but which are only 15 Flour Mill (9) ------.~-- --_ used by the household for sleeping or sitting, etc. No enter­ prise Is carried on in such a census house and therefore, 73. YOu wi!i notice that the non-residneti31 user of this details of baithaks or sanghois need not be entered in the particuiJr il0use are entered in separate lines. The numbers enterprise list. Similar examples wher census houses will not shown against the 'shop' and 'clinic' in this example will be be considered as having an enterprise would be a garage, the serial number of the enterprise in your block. If for in­ cattle-shed etc., provided these are not used for any eco­ stance in the censlls house, only a clinic or a workshop was nomic activity. being run, then you would have obviously used only one line. It is in the cases where enterprises are run in combina­ 70. If the activity of an enterprise extends beyond the tion with or without residence in a census house, that you premises of a single census house to a group of contiguous would have to use more than one line as indicated in the houses, then the entire group of census houses could be re­ example. you will find more examples illustrating how you garded as a single enterprise and the census houses in which should make entries in Annexe-G at'the end of this book. this enterprise is carried on should be bracketed together in column 7 to indicate that all these relate to a single enter­ prise. But if different activites of an enterprise are carried on Col. 8: Household No. in different census houses cut off from one another, then each such census house will have to be treated as a separate 74. A 'Household' is a group of persons who commonly enterprise and details recorded In the line in which this cen­ live together and would take their meals from a common sus house is entered. kitchen unless the exigencies of work prevented any of them from doing so. It may be made up of relaated or un-related 71. The use to which acensus house is put should be persons or of mixed type. A cook or a servant living in the enquired into thoroughlyu so that no enterprise is missed. house of his employer and taking his food there is part of This Is particularly important In cases where the house Is that household. A hostel where a number of unrelated per­ partly residential. However, please not that only the enter­ sons live togther Is an Institutional household provided It has prise carried on In the census house which you are enumer­ a common kitchen. So also Is a Jail. ating will be noted In column 7. 238 75. There can be a household No. in column 8 only If Col. 9 : Serial number of the household you have noted in column 7 that the census house is wholly or panly residential. There cannot be an entry in this column 79. If the Census house is wholly or partly residential, in a case where the census house is wholly non-residential. the household number must have been noted by yo!' in col. S of the Houselist. This household number will be serially 76. There may be more than one household In a census numbered in col. 9 starting from' I' for the enumerator's house. Each household should be given a separate number. block. This can be done by using the alphabets (a), (b), (c), etc., as suffixes to the census house No. For example, if building Cols. 10-12 : For head of household only No. 2 is a census house and has three households, the household numbers will be 2(a), 2{b) and 2{c). If building 80. Columns 10-12 are required to be filled in only in number 4 has two census houses, these houses will be respect of the head of household. You have to write the name numbered as 4( 1) and 4(2). If within these houses there are and sex of the head of household, whether he/she belongs to respectively 3 and 2 households then they will be numbered Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe and religion in case as 4( 1)(a), 4( 1)(b), 4( 1)(e) and 4(2)(a) and 4(2){b) belonging to Scheduled Caste under these columns. respectively. If, however, building No.3 is a census hOLlse and has only one household the household No. to be entered Col. 10 : Name in this column will be No.3 only. 81. The name of the head of each household should be 77. You will notice how the numbering of the buildings, written. The head of the household for census purposes is a census houses and the households are closely linked. This person who is recognised as SLlCh in the household. He or link is best illustrated by an example as follows: she is generally the person who bears the chief responsibility for the management of the household and takes decisions on Particulars Bulding Census Household behalf of the household. The head of the household need not Number house Number necessarily be the eldest male member, but may even be a Number female or a younger member of either sex. You need not enter into any long argument about it but record the name 2 3 4 of the person who is recognised by the household as its head. 1. Building No.9 having In the case of an absentee de jure 'Head', the person or one census house and whom the responsIbility of managing the affairs of the no household 9 9 household falls at the time of houselistlng, should be regarded 2. Building No.9 having as the Head. one census house and one household 9 9 9 82. In the case ofinstitutions like boarding houses, messes, chummeries, which should be regarded as households of 3. Building No.9 having unrealted persons living together and which may be called one census house and institutional households, the Manager or Superintendent or two households 9 9 9(a) the person who is administratively responsible or who by 9{b) common consent is regarded as 'Head' should be recorded 4. Building No. 9 having two as the head of the household. In the case of certain institutional census houses and one households, such as hostels, jails, etc., where the head of the household each 9 9(1) 9(1) institutional household, can be recognised by designation, 9(2) 9(2) such as, hostel warden, jailor, etc., you may enter this 5. Building No.9 having two designation in this column. census houses and two households In one and 83. In the case of institutional households, please write three in the other 9 9( 1} 9( 1)(a) 'I' within brackets after the name or designation of the head 9(1 )(b) in this column. Regarding filling up of further columns, please 9(2) 9(2)(a) note that in the case of Institutional household columns 11 9(2)(b) to 14 will not be filled in and a dash (-) will be put agaInst each Institutional household in these columns. The remaining 9(2)(c) columns 15 to 23 are applicable to all households includings 78. In suclT 3 C3se wlTere tlTe S.1me building cont.1ins Institutional households. more than one census house_, the building number should not be repe3ted in the subsequent lines. Ifa census house Col. 11 : Male( 1 )/Female(2) cont3fns more than one househokl, the census house number should not be repe.1ted In the subsequent lInes In column 3. 84. If the head ofthe household is a male write '1' and (Ple3se see eJG3mple above) if female write '2' in this column. For eunuchs and 239 hermaphrodites, you have to write '1' in the column. institutional households, put a dash (-) in the column.

Col. 12 : SC( 1 )/ST(2) (If SC, ascertain religion 86.2 If the household lives in a house whleh is neither and write 'H' for and '5' for within owned nor rented, code '3';nay be written In the column. brackets after Code 1) Col. 14 : Number of-living rooms in occupation of 85. You will be supplied with a list of Scheduled Castes household (S.C.) and Scheduled Tribes (S. T.) In relation to your State! Union Territory by your supervisor. While filling this column 87. A room should hav~ four walls with a doorway with of the Houselist, you will have to ascertain from the head of a roof over head and should be wide and long enough for a household whether he/she Is a member of a Scheduled Caste person to sleep in I.e., it sRould have a length of not less than or a Scheduled Tribe. If in reply to this questi~n, the answer 2 metres and breadth of atleast 1 '/2 metres and 2 metres In is In the affirmative, ascertain the name of caste!tribe. If the height. A room, however, which is used in common for name of caste/tribe returned by the person appears in the sleeping, sitting, dining, storing and cooking, etc., should be list, you have to write '1' in case of Scheduled Caste or '2' In regarded as a room. An unenclosed verandah, kitchen, store, case of Scheduled Tribe In this column. If the head of garage, cattleshed, bathroom and latrine and rooms in which household returns himself/herself as Scheduled Caste, you a household industry such as a handloom is located, which have to check his/her religion. He or she should belong to are not normally usable for living or sleeping are excluded or . A person belonging to a Scheduled from the definition of a living room for the purpose of this Caste cannot belong to any other religion. Persons who question. belong to a religion other than Hinduism and Sikhism will not e treated as members of any of the Scheduled Castes. 87.1 One is likely to come across conical shaped hut or But a member of a Scheduled Tribe may belong to any tent in which human beln~ reside. In such improvised religion. accommodation, there will be no four walls to a room and therefore, the above definiti(in would not strictly apply to 85.1 If the head of household belongs to Scheduled such types of accommodation. In such cases, the tent or Caste, you have to write 'H' or'S' within brackets after code conical hut, etc., may by itself be construed to be a room. '1' in this column depending on whether he! she belongs to Hinduism or Sikhism. The entry 1 (H) In this column will 87.2 In certain parts of the country, particularly in rural mean that the head of the household is a Scheduled Caste areas, the pattern of housing may present some problems. and belon~ to Hinduism. likewise, the entry 1(5) will mean For example, a household may be in occupation of several that the head of household is a Scheduled Caste and belon~ huts put to different uses such as main residence, sitting room, to Sikhism. In case of institutional and non-SC/5T head of store and even for sleeping at night. By strict application of households, you have to put dash (-) in this column. the definition each one will be reckoned as a census house, but this does not reflect the real situation. While huts used as Col. 13 : Does the household live in owned or store or cattleshed pose no problems, those used as sleeping rented house? Write 1 for owned, 2 for rented and rooms beyond the main residence, should be counted as 3 for others rooms rather than separate census houses.

86. If a household is occupying a census house owned 87.3 If a garage is used by a servant and he lives in It as by itself and is not paying anything to anybody In the form a separate household, It should be reckoned as a room available of rent, then the household may be considered as living in to the servant's household. If the servant is considered as a owned house. This should be recorded by putting (1' In the member of the household then the garage room should be column provided for this question. A household living in a reckoned as an additional room of the household.fWrltethe flat or a house taken on 'ownership' basis on payment of number of room available to household in the column Instalments, should be regarded as living in its own house, provided. notwithstanding the filet that all Instalments have not been paid. 87.4 A ,living room which is shared by more than one household will not be counted for any of them. In other 86.1 If the household lives in a rented house write '2' in words, only living room exclusively In possession of the the column. A housing unit is rented if rent is paid or household will be counted. Fl)r example, if two households contracted for, by the occupants in cash or in kind. Where share a single living room and therefore neither has a living an owner permits a hOllSenQld to live in a house, rent free, room exclusively, enter "0" in the column in the housellst even t! ,en the househcd ShOl,!d be treated as living in a rented of each of the households. If two households have a living house, as for example, i."ent free accommodation provided to room each but in addition also share a common living room, employees by Government, Institutions, Companies, etc. In then common room will not be counted for either of the such cases, you should write '2' In the column. For households. This question is not applicable to institutfonal

240 households. In the case of such households put a dash (-) floor or compound of the building. These latrines substitute in the column. the attached latrines. A household having such facility will also be treated as having such facility within the premises Cols. 15-18 : Facilities available to the household and code' l' should be recorded for such households.

88. This is divided into three parts, i.e., drinking water Col. 1 9 : Type of fuel used for cooking supply, electricity and toilet. This is applicable to institutional households also. 92. Nine types of fuel used for cooking along with their numerical codes have been gfven at the bottom of the houselist. Cols. 1 5-16 : Drinking water supply You have to ascertain from the household the type of fuel used mostly for cooking and write an appropriate code In 89. This question relating to drinkingwater supply has this column. If the household is using more than one fuel for been divided into two sub-parts. The first sub-part deals with cooking, the predominant fuel used for cooking may be the source of drinking water supply. Six sources of drinking recorded. Dash (-) will entered In this column in cash the water supply have been given at the bottom of houselist household does not do any cooking. alongwith international numerical code against each. You have to enter the appropriate numerical code in column 15. Col. 20 : Is the Household or one or more members of the household engaged in one or more enterprises 89.1 If a household gets drinking water from two or outside this census house and without premises or more sources throughout the year, the source availed of in the open air ? If yes, fill Enterprise List during the greater part of the year should be recorded. After recording the numberical code in the column proceed further 93. You will recall that in the definition of an enterprise, for recording the answer of the sub-part of the same question, it has been mentioned that an enterprise can be carried on namely, whether the drinking water supply is within the outside the census house and without premises or in the open premises or outside premises. Ifthe water supply Is available air (please see 63). This column is meant to identify within the premises, write L l' in column 16. If the water such enterprises. supply is not availabewithin the premises, write '2' in column 16. 94. There may be cases where a household lives In a census house and is engaged in an enterprise outside the 89.2 You may have a problem in determining whether census house in which they live and this enterprise may itself water supply Is available within the premises or not. local not be carried on within some other house. This column Is conditions vary tremendously in this country. We may have meant to record such cases. you will notice that it a household a well, a hand pump or tube-well within the house or even lives in one census house and carries on an enterprise in the backyard of the house openingto a river or canal. In all some other census house, then the census house in which such cases, if within the house site the source of water is the enterprise is carried on will be covered under column 71f located, we may take it that drinking water supply is available the census house in which the enterprise is carried on is within within the premises. Otherwise it is not available within the your block. Even if it is not within your block, your colleague premises. in the block in which the census house in which the enterprise is carried on will have covered it in column 7. What we are Col. 1 7 : ElectriCtty trying to cover In column 20 is a situation where a household carries on an enterprise outside the census house in which it 90. If electricity Is available to the household, enter '1' lives, and this enterprise is carried on without any premises in the columni if it is not available record '.2' in the column. or in the open air. Such examples could be brick making, It should be noted that we are concerned with the availability pottery, ropemaking in the open, cycle-repairing and shoe­ of electricity to the household as distinct from actual use of repairing on pavements, howkers, fishing, selling of electricity by the household. The household may not newspapers, etc. be using electricity at the time of the visit but the fact that it is available is what we are interested in. 95. In such cases, where a household lives in the census house being covered by you, but carries on an enterprise Col. 18 : Toilet outside the census house and without any premises you should note this fact in this column. All that you need say if such an 91. If toilet facilities are available to the household with enterprise is being carried on is "yes" and give the appropriate in the premises of the house, write '1' in the column, serial number of the enterprise within brackets. The numbering otherwise record '2'. of enterprises in this column will run continuously for your block. Details of such enterprises will have to be entered in 91.1 There are, however, some buildings, which by the enterprise list. design or structure may not have attached latrines but may have this facility at a little distance away within the same 96. Where a household has more than one enterprise 241 which is carried on outside the census house in which it there will only be an entry in column 1 which relates to line lives and without any premises, it is necessary to cover such number and column 20. In all other columns relating to enterprises separately. For this purpose, you willi have to such entries please put a dash (-). In other words, building enter each of these enterprises In a separate line. Please note number, census house number, etc., will not be repeated. that in such cases YOll will have to give a line nllmber, since you will be using an extra line but there will be no entry 97. The manner in which the entries will be made in regarding building number, census hOllse number, use to cases where enterprises exist both in census houses (i.e. which the censlls house Is put, household number, name of column 7) and outside census houses without premises (i.e. head of household and columns 11 to 19. In such cases, column 20) is illustrated in the following examples. Line Building Census Purpose for House Nameof Is the household No. No. house which census hold the head or one or more (munici- No. house is lIsed No. ofhollse members of the pal or (if wholly or hold household engaged local partly used in one or more autority for running enterprises outside or census oneor more this census house No.) enterprises, and without premises fill enterprise or In the open prise list) air? If yes, fill enter prise list. (Col. 1 ) (CoI.2) (CoI.3) (Col.7) (Col. 8) (Col. 10) (Col.20) 2 3 4 5 6 7 434 434 Temple-cum- 434 Narayan residence Sharma 2 Temple (1) 3 43~ 435(1 ) School-cum- 435(1) Devdas residence 4 School (2) 5 Canteen (3) 6 435(2) Residence 435(2) Ramnath Vyas Yes (1) 7 436 436 Cinema House(4) 8 437 437 Residence-cum- 437 Dr. Vimla clinic Varma 9 Doctor's Clinic- allopathic (5) 10 438 438(1 ) shop-cum-work 438(1 ) Rajan shop-cum-residence 11 Workshop(6) 12 Shope (7) 13 438(2) Residence 438(2) Bhola Ram Yes (2) 14 439 439(1) Residence 439(1 ) Yadav Yes(3) 15 439(2) Silng!7oi 16 440 440 Residence 440 Keshav Yes (4) 17 Yes (5) 18 441 441 Boarding House 441 Ram Nath (I) Total XX 11 XXX 9 XXX :xx 242 Cols. 21 to 23 : Number of persons normally completing houselisting for your entire block, you have to residing in census household prepare a Houselist Abstract so that certain figures of the number of census houses, households and other particulars 98. Enter the number of males normally residing in the collected in the houselist are easily available. The specimen household in column 21, females in column 22 and total of the Houselist Abstract is given at Annexe-F at the end of number of persons in column 23 (columsn 21 + 22). these instructions.

98.1 In these columns normal residents are to be 103. There should be no difficulty in preparing the recorded even though some of them may be absent on the abstract. However, certain indications as to how the abstract day of you visit. Casual visitors should be excluded as they should be prepared are given here. In particular, you are will be considered at their respective places of normal requested to carefully read the instructions regarding filling residence. But a person who had stayed with the household of columns 3 to 8 of the houselist abstract which relate to for a period of 3 months or more should, however, be the number of census houses on the basis of the lise to which included, Correspondingly, normal residents absent for over they are put. 3 months or more should be excluded from the household in which they normally reside. Col. 1 : Page No. of houselist

Tot;]1 of these columns should be struck ilt the end You will recall that you must number each page of the of eilch pilge. houselist, and you will have to arrange them serially. The page number recorded by you will be noted here one below Col. 24 : Remarks the other.

99. This will provide space for any useful or significant Col. 2 : Total No. of Census houses (from Col. 3 information about the building, census house, census of houselist) household and other particulars regarding the building inventory. This will provide interesting facts regarding As mentioned in the heading itself, this figure will be observations made durin the houselisting operations. obtained from col. 3 of the houselist. Please note that in the houselist itself you have to total up entries in column 3 and 100. If there is any entry in column 7 as 'vacant' you enter the total at the bottom of each page. Please check this have also to record the reason such as 'dilapidated', 'under total and carry it over to the abstract. repair', 'incomplete construction', 'want of tenant', etc., in this column. Also make a note in this column of likely places Col. 3 to 7 : Number of Census houses by use where houseless persons can be found. The purpose for which a census house is used will have General been noted by you in column 7 of the houselist. The figures of columns 3, 4 and 6 of the abstract could be got by carefully 101. Total of columns 3, 8 and 21 to 23 will have to adding up the different uses to which census houses are put struck for each page of the houselist. The manner in which from column 7 of the hOL!selist. You will have noted census the total is to be struck has been explained in the foot-note of houses by use as only residential, partly residential, vacant if the houselist form,. However, this is recapitulated below: not being used and census houses which are not used at all wholly or partly as residence but have other uses such as (a) The total of census hosues in column 3 will be the workshops, etc. You will have to separately add the census number of entries for each page. For example, if the entries houses falling into each of these categories from col. 7 of the in this column areA2/100, A2.100(1 ),A2/101 (2), A21 houselist and enterthem separately under columns 3,4 and 102, A2/103( I), A2/103(2), A2/1 03(3), A21 I 04 and 6 ofthe houselist abstract. Columns 5 and 7 of the houselist A2IlOs, tlien the total forthis pagewould be 9. abstract are just totals and should present no difficulty. (b) For total in column 8, if the entries are A21 I 00, Please note that if in a census house there is more than A2/1 01 (1) (a), A2/1 01 (I )(b), A2/lO2, A2/1 03( 1) (a), one household, there is still only one use to which this census A21 I 03( I )(b), A21 103(2), A21 I 04, A21 I OS, then the house is put namely, "Residential" and you should L3ke CJre total number of households in this column will be 9. to see thilt no duplicilte counting tilkes plilce due to ilny confusion between census house and households. (c) For columns 21, 22 and 23 there should be no difficulty~ It will be a simple total for each column separately. Col. 8 : Census houses put to other uses (Col. 2 Houselist Abstract minus Col. 7)

102. After filling the entries in the houselist i.e./ after This column refers to census house put to other uses.

243 The figures to be noted here will be derived by subtracting or Supervisor. The location particulars must Include the details column 7 from column 2. from the State down to your block.

Col. 9 : Total No. of households 106. After you have completed the houselisting operations of your block, you must have with you the following This figure will be obtained from the total at the bottom documents : of column 8 of the houselist. (a) Notional Map Cols. 10 to 12 : Total population (b) Layout Sketch Under each of these columns, please enter the page total (c) Houselist forms, pinned together (2 sets) under the corresponding columns, i.e., columns 21 to 23 of the house1ist. Please see Annexe 'H' for a model of a filled in (d) Houselist Abstract houselist abstract. (e) Enterprise Lists, pinned together 104. You should prepare a duplicate set of the houselist form giving all the pages and entries and submit both the (f) Enterprise List Abstract copies to your supervisor along with the housellst abstract. It Is enough if one copy of the houselist abstract is prepared. Please hand these over to your supervisor alongwith all untilled forms. 105. Please do not forget to note on the notional map, the lay-out sketch and on each page of the houselist and of Instructions on this matter will be issued to you by your the houselist abstract relevant location particulars of your charge officer also. block which will be supplied to you by your Charge Officer

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248 ANNEXURE'I(A) CENSUS OF INDIA 1991 HOUSELIST ABSTRACT Name of State/Union Territory """""""."".. Code No ... "...... "...... Name of Village/Town ...... Code No ...... ,...... Name of De'l:Block ...... Name of Dktrlct ...... , Code No ...... :...... Name or No. of Ward/Mahalia/Hamlet ...... Code No......

Name ofTah~I/T3luka/P.S.l Dev. Block/Orcle, etc...... Code No...... Enumerator's Block No ...... ,...... Code No ......

Number of census houses by use Total population

Census Total No. of Occupied residential census houses houses put to Total No. of census houses Vacant other uses households Page No. of (from Col. 3 Wholly Partly census Total of (Col. 2minus (from Col. 8of housells! of housel~!) residential residential Total houses Cols. 5&6 Col. 7) houselist) Males Females Total 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Total

Chec~ed and found correct

Signature of Enumerator .... ,,, ...... ,,...... Date ...... Signature of Supervisor ... "...... Date ...... ANNEXE-I

Definition of Factories

[THE FACTORIES ACT, 1948]

(As modified upto 1st September, 1982)

Extract

1. IIF actory" means any prenlises including the precinct:, (iv) composing types for printing, printing by letter press, thereof :- iithography, photogravure or other similar process or book binding; (i) whereon ten or more workers are working, or were working on any day of the preceding twelve months, and in (v) constructing, reconstructing, repairing, refitting, fin­ any part ofwhich J manufacturing process is being carried ishing or breaking up ships or vessels; on with the aid of power, ('r is ordinarily so carried all, or (vi) preserving or storing any article in cold storage. (ii) whereon twe:1ty or more workers are vliorking, or were '.\forklng on any day of the preceding twelve months, 3. "power" means electrical energy, or any other form and In any part of W: ,!ell J manufacturing process is being of energy which is mechanically transmitted and is not gen­ carried on without ~he aid of power, or is oridnarily so car­ erated by human or animal agency. ried on. 4. "worker" means a person employed, directly or by

2. ii manufacturillg process" means any process for ;- or through any agency (including a contractor) with or with­ out the knowledge of the principal employer, whether for

(i) makIng, altering, repairing, ort1al r.entingJ finishing, remuneration or not, in any manufacturing process, or in packing, oiling, wJshlng, cleaning, breaking up, demolishing cleaning any part of the machinery or premises used for a or otherwise treating or adopting any article or substance manufacturing process, or in any other kind of work inciden­ with a view to its use, sale, transport, delivery or disposal; or tal to, or connected with, the manufacturing process, or the subject of the manufacturing process but does not include (ii) pumping oil, water, sewage or any other substance; any member of the armed forces of the union. or

(iii) generating, transforming or transmitting power; or

250 ANNEXE - J

Description of Enterprises

AGRICUL rURAL ENTERPRISES

AGRICULTURE, LIVESTOCK, HUNTING, Hunting, trJpping and game propagation other than for sport FORESTRY & FISHING forestry and Logging Raising of livestock Planting, replanting and conservation of forests Cattle breeding, rearing and ranching, etc.; production of milk Logging-felling and cutting of trees and preparation of rough, round, hewn or riven logs (includingincidenta! hauling) Goat breeding, rearing, ranching, etc.; production of milk Production of firewood/fuel wood (including charcoal by Rearing of sheep and production of shorn woo! burning) by exploitation of forests

Rearing of horses, mliles, camels and other pack animals Gathering of fodder by exploitation of forests

Rearing of pigs and other animals not elsewhere ciasslfi'2d Gathering of uncultivated materials such as gums, resins, lac, barks, munjh, herbs, honey, wild fruits, lea'Ies, etc. by Re2ring of ducks, hens and other birds; production of eggs exploitation of forests.

Rearing of bees; production of honey and wax (Collection of Forestry services n.e.c. honey is classified separately) Fishing (including collection of sea products) Rearing of silk-worms; production of cocoons and raw silk Ocean, sea and coastal fishing Rearing of livestock and-production of livestock products, not elsewhere classified Inland water fishing

Agricultural Services Pisciculture-rearing of fish, including fish hatcheries

Pest destroying, spraying and pruning ofinfeCl€G sfems; etc. CollKtion of pe:3ris, conchi2s, she:ls, ~por;g;;~ ;md other sea products Operation <,>f irrigation systems Cultivation of oysters for pearls Animal shearing and livestock services n.e.c (other than veterinary servi~es) Other allied activities and services incidental to fishing n.e.c.

Grading of agricultural products or livestock NON-AGRICUl rURAL ENTERPRISES

Horticultural and nursery services MINING AND QUARRYING

Soil conservation services Mining of Coal and Lignite; Extract of Peat

Scientific services like soli testing Mining and agglomeration of coal

Soi! deialination services Mining and agglomeration of lignite

Agricultural services not eISeW11'::re classified (like harlesting Extract and agglomeration of peat and threashing, iand clearning and land draining services, etc.) Extract of Crude Petrolt",mi Production of Natural Gas Hunting, Trapping and Game Propagation Extraction of crude petroleum 251 Production of natural gas MANUFACTURING

Mining of Iron Ore Manufacture of Food Products

Mining of metal ores other than Iron ore Slaughterln~ preparation and preservation of meat

Mining of manganese ore Manufacture of dairy products

Mining of chromite Canning and preservation of fruits and vegetables

Mining of Bauxite Processing, canning and preserving of fish, crustacea and similar foods Mining of precious/semi-precious metal ores Grain milling Mining of copper ore Manufacture of bakery products Mining of lead and zinc ores Manufacture and refining of sugar (vacuum pan sugar Mlningoflimenite, rutile, zircon and zirconium bearing ores factories) .

Mining ofwolfram and other tungsten bearing ores Production of indigenous sugar, 'boora', 'khandsari', 'gur', etc. from sugar-cane; palm juice, etc. Mining of tin bearing ores Production of common salt Mining of metal ores, other than iron ore or uranium group ores n.e.c. Manufacture of cocoa products and sugar confectionery (including sweetmeats) Mining of Uranium and Thorium Ores Manufacture of hydrogenated oils and vanaspati ghee, etc. Mining of Non-Metallic Minerals not Elsewhere Classified Manufacture of vegetable oils and fats (other than hydrogenated) Mining and quarrying of rock aggregates, sand and clays Manufacture of animal oils and fats; manufacture of fish 011 Mining/quarrying of minerals for construction other than rock aggregates, sand and clays Processing and blending of tea including manufacture of instant tea Mining of fertilizer and chemical minerals Coffee curing, roasting, grainding and blending, etc. Including Mining of ceramic, refractory and glass minerals manufacture of instant coffee

Salt mining and quarrying including crushing, screening and Processing of edible nuts evaporating in pans Manufacture of ice Mining of mica Manufacture of prepared animal and bird feed Mining of precious/semi-precious stones Manufacture of starch Mining of other non-metallic minerals not elsewhere classified Manufacture of food products not elsewhere classified Mining Services, not Elsewhere Classified

Manufacture of Beveragesl Tobacco and Related Oil and gas field services, except exploration services Products

Services incidental to mining such as drilling, shafting, Distilling, rectifying and blending of spirits; ethyl alcohol reclamation of mines, etc. production from fermented materials

Other mining services not elslWhere classified Manufacture ofwines

252 Manufacture of malt liquors and malt Spinning, weaving and processing of man-made textile fibres

Production of country liquor (arrack and toddy etc.) Bleaching, dyeing and printing of artificial/synthetic textile fabrics Manufacture of soft drinks and syrups Manufacture of Jute and other vegetale fibre textiles Tobacco stemming, redrying and all other operations except cotton connected with preparing raw leaft tobacco Jute and mesta pressing and baling Manufacture of bidi Preparatory operations (including carding and combing) on Manufacture of cigars, cigarettes, cheroots and cigarette jute and mesta fibres tobacco Preparatory operations (including carding and combing) on Manufacture of 'snuff', 'zarda', chewing tobacco and other coir fibres tobacco products n.e.c. (except pan-masala containing tobacco) Preparatory operations (including carding and comliing) on sun hemp and other vegetable fibres n.e.c. Manufacture of pan-masala, catechu (kattha) and chewing lime . Spinning, weaving and finishing of jute and mesta textiles

Manufacture of cotton textiles Spinning, weaving and finishing of coir textiles

Cotton ginning, cleaning and baling Spinning, weaving and finishing of sunhemp and other vegetable fibre textiles n.e.c. Cotton spinningotherthan in mills (charkha) Bleaching, dyeing and printing of jute and mesta textiles Weaving and finishing of cotton khadi Bleaching, dyeing and printing of coir textiles Weaving and finishing of cotton textiles on handlooms Bleaching, dyeing and printing of other vegetable fibre textiles Weaving and finishing of cotton textiles on pwerlooms n.e.c.

Cotton spinning, weaving and processing in mills Manufacture of textile products (including wearing apparel) Bleaching, dyeing and printing of cotton textiles (This group includes bleaching, dyeing and printing of not self produced Manufacture of knitted or crocheted textile products cotton tex~iles. No distinction is to be made between these activities carried out on a fee or contract basis or by Manufacture of all types of threads, cordage, ropes, twines purchasing the materials and selling the finished products) and nets, etc.

Manufactur~ of wool, silk and man-made fibre Embroidery work, zari work and making of ornamental textiles trimmings

Preparation of raw wool, silk and artificial/synthetic textile Manufacture of blankets, shawls, carpets, rugs and other fibres for spinning similar textile products

Wool spinning, weaving and finishing other than in mills Manufacture of floor coverings of jute, mesta sunhemp and other kindred fibres and of coir Wool spinning, weaving and processing in mills Manufacture of all types of textile garments and clothing Bleaching and dyeing of woollen textiles accessories n.e.c. (except by purely tailoring establishments) Spinning, weaving and finishing of silk textiles other than in from not self-produced material (Note: in principle, the raw material is cut and sewn together in the establishments covered mills in this group) Spinning, weaving and processing of silk textiles in mills Manufacture of rain coats, hats, caps and school bags etc. Bleaching, dyeing and printing of silk textiles from waterproof textile fabrics or plastic sheetings

253 Manufacture of made-up textile articles; except apparel Engraving, etchIng and block-making, etc.

Manufacture of waterproof textile fabrics Book binding on account of others

Manufacture of textiles/textile products not elsewhere Printing and allied activities not elsewhere classified classified like linoleum, padding, wadding, upholstering and filling, etc. Manufacture of leather and products of leather, fur & substitutes of leather Manufacture of wood and wood products : furniture and fixtures Tanning, curing, finishing, embossing and japanning of leather

Sawing and planing of wood (other than plywood) Manufacture of footwear (excluding repair) except of vulcanized or moulded rubber or plastic Manufacture of veneer sheets, plywood and their products Manufacture of wearing apparel of leather and substitutes of Manufacture of structural wooden goods (including treated leather timber) such as beams, posts, doors and windows (excluding hewing and rough shaping and poles, bolts and other wood Manufacture of consumer goods of leather and substitutes material which Is classified under logging) of leather; other than apparel and footwear (Note : Manufacture of school bags and travelling accessories from Manufacture of wooden and cane boxes, crates, drums, waterproof textile fabrics is included in a separate group) barrels and other containers, baskets and other wares made entirely or mainly of cane, rattan, reed, bamboo, willow, Scrapping, currying, tanning, bleaching and dyeing of fur fibres, leaves and grass and other pelts for the trade .

Manufacture of wooden industrial goods n.e.c. Manufacture of wearing apparel of fur and pelts

Manufacture of cork and cork products Manufacture of fur and skin rugs and other similar artldes

Manufacture of wooden furniture and fixtures Manufacture of leather and fur products n.e.c.

Manufacture of bamboo and cane furniture and fixtures Manufacture of basic chemicals and chemical products (Except Products of Petroleum and Coal) Manufacture of products of wood, bamboo, cane, reed and grass (including articles made from coconut sheels, etc.) n.e.c. Manufacture of industrial organic and inorganic chemicals

Manufacture of paper and paper products and Manufacture of fertilizers and pesticides printing, publishing & allied industries Manufacture of plastics in primary forms; manufacture of Manufacture' of pulp, paper and paper board including synthetic rubber manufacture of newsprint Manufacture of paints, varnishes and related products; artists' Manufacture of containers and boxes of paper or paper board colours and ink

Manufacture of paper and paper board articles and pulp Manufacture of dru~, medicines and allied products products not elsewhere classified Manufacture of of perfumes, cosmetics, lotions, hair Manufacture of special purpose paper whether or not printed dressings, toothpastes, soap in any form, detergents, n.e.c. shampoos, shaving products, washing and cleaning preparations and other toilet preparations Printing and publishing of newspapers Manufacture of man-made fibres Printing and publishing of periodicals, books, joyrnals, dIrectories, atlases, maps, sheet music, schedules & Manufacture of matches pOlmphlets, etc. Manufacture of explosivesj ammunition and fire-works Printing of bank notes, currency notes, postage stamps, securIty passes, stamp papers and other similar products Manufacture of chemical products not elsewhere classified

254 Manufacture of Rubber, Plastic, Petroleum and Coal Stone dressing and crushing; manufacture of structural stone Products; Processing of Nuclear Fuels goods and stone ware

Tyre and tubes industries Manufacture of asbestos cement and other cement products

Manufacture of footwear made primarily of vulcanised or Manufacture of miscellaneous non-metallic minerai products moulded rubber and plastics not elsewhere classified

Manufacture of rubber products not elsewhere classified Basic Metal and Alloys Industries

Manufacture of plastic products not elsewhere classified Manufacture of iron and steel in primary/semi-finished forms

Manufacture of refined petroleum products (this group Manufacture of semi-finished iron and steel products In re­ indudes production of liq uids of gaseous fuels, illuminating rolling mills, cold-rolling mills and wire-drawing mills oils, lubricating oils or greases or other products obtained from crude petroleum or their fractionation productions) Manufacture of ferro-alloys

Bottling of natural gas or liquified petroleum gas Copper manufacturing

Manufacture of refined petroleum products not elsewhere Brass manufacturing classified (this group includes manufacture of variety of products extracted/obtained from the products or residues Aluminium manufacturing of petroleum refining) Zinc manufacturing Processing of nuclear fuels (this group includes extraction of uranium metals from pitch blende or other uranium bearing Casting of metals ores; manufacture of alloys or dispersions or mixtures of natural uranium or its compounds; manufacture of enriched ProcessingiRe-rolling in metal scraps other than iron and steep uranium and its compounds; plutorium and its compounds; scraps uranium depleted in U 235 and its compounds; thorium Other non-ferrous metal industries and its compounds; other radio active elements, isotops or compounds and non-irradiated fuel elements for use in nuclear Manufacture of Metal Products and Parts, Except reactors) Machinery and Equipment

Manufacture of coke oven products (This group includes Manufacture of fabricated structural metal products operation of coke ovens chiefly for the production of coke or • semi-coke from hardcoal and lignite, retort carbon and residual Manufacture of fabricated metal products not elsewhere products such as coa'itar or pitch agglomeration of coke is classified included) Manufacture of furniture anf fixtures primarily of metal Manufacture o'fother coal and coaltar products not elsewhere classified Manufacture of hand tools, weighn and measures and general hardware Manufacture of Non-metallic Mineral Produch Forging, pressing, stamping and roll-forming of metal; powder Manufacture of refractory products and structural clay metallurgy. (This group includes production of a wide variety products of finished or semi-finished metal products, by means of the above activities which, Individually, would be characteristically Manufacture of glass and glass products produced in other activity categories)

Manufacture of earthen and plaster products Treatment or coating of metals; general mechanical engineering on a sub-contract basis. (This group includes Manufacture of non-structural ceramic ware plating, polishing, anodising, engraving, printing, hardening, Manufacture of cement, lime and plaster buffing, deburring, sand blasting, welding or other specialised operations on metals on a fee or contract basis. The units Manufacture of mica products classified here, generally, do not take ownership of the goods nor do they sell them to third parties)

255 Manufacture of metal cutlery, utensils and kitchenware apparatus and apparatus for radio/line telephony and line telegraphy Manufacture of metal products (except machinery and equipment) not elsewhere classified Manufacture of television receiversj reception apparatus for radio broadcasting, radiotelephonyltelegraphy, video Manufacture of Machinery and Equipment other recording or reproducing apparatus, turn-tables, record­ than Transport Equipment (Manufacture of Scientific players, cassettee players and other sound reproducing Eq uipment, Photographic/ Ci nematograp hic apparatus, sound recording apparatus, microphones, Equipment and Watches & Clocks is classified in a loudspeakers, amplifiers and sound amplifiers and prerecorded separate Division) audio/video records/tapes

Manufacture of agricultural machinery and equipment and Manufacture of computers and computer based systems parts thereof Manufacture of electronic valves and tubes and other Manufacture of machinery and equipment used by electronic components n.e.c. construction and mining industries Manufacture of radiographic X-ray appraratus, X-ray tubes Manufacture of prime movers, boilers, steam generating plants and parts and manufacture of electrical equlpments n.e.c. and nuclear reactors Manufacture of transport equipment and parts Manufacture of industrial machinery for food and textile industries (including bottling and filling machinery) Ship and boat building

Manufacture of industrial machinery for other than food and Manufacture of locomotives and parts textile Industries Manufacture of railway/tramway wagons and coaches and Manufacture of refrigerators, airconditioners and fire fighting other railroad equipments n.e.c. equipment and their parts and accessories Manufacture of heavy motor vehicles; coach work Manufacture of general purpose non-electrical machinery/ equipment, their components and accessories, n.e.c. Manufacture of motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport of less than 10 persons Manufacture of machine tools, their pJrts and accessories (including manufacture of racing cars and gold-carts, etc.)

Manufacture of office, computing and accounting machinery Manufacture of motor-cycles and scooters and parts and parts (Note; manufacture of computers and computer (including three-wheelers) based systEms including word processors is classified separately) Manufacture of bicycles, cycle-rickshaw & parts

Manufacture of special purpose machinery/equipment, their Manufacture of aircraft, spacecraft and their parts components and accessories n.e.c. Manufacture of bullock-carts, puch-carts and hand-carts etc. Manufacture of electrical industrial machinery, apparatus and parts thereof Manufacture of transport equipment and parts not elsewhere classified . Manufacture of Insulated wires and cables, Including manufacture of optical fibre cables Other Manufacturing Industries

Manufacture of accumulators, primary cells and primary Manufacture of medical, surgical, scientific and measuring batteries equipment except optical equipment

Manufacture of electric lamps Manufacture of photographic, cinematographic and optical goods and equipment (excL.:.ng photochemlcals, sensitised Manufacture of electric fans and electricl ei&tro-thermic paper and film) domestic app!ic;;l~ (:e<; smd pam thereof Manufacture of watches and clocks Manufacture or apparatus for radio broadcasting, television transmissioh, :",~d;F' apparatus and radio-remote control Manufacture of jewellery and related articles

256 Minting of c mency coins to households, industrial, commercial and other users

ManufacturE of sports and athletic goods Water Works and Supply

Manufacture of musical instruments Water supply i.e. collection, purification and distribution of water Manufacture of stationery articles n.e.c. Non-conventional Energy Generation and Manufacture of items based on solar energy like solar cells, Distribution cookers, air and water heating systems and other related items Generation of solar energy Manufacture of miscellaneous products not elsewhere classified Generation and distribution ofbio-gas energy

Repair of capital goods Generation of energy through wind mills

(This Division includes repair and maintenance, other than Generation and distribution of other non-conventional energy by manufacturers of machinery and equipments which are n.e.c. generally used as investment goods by Industries. Repair of consumption goods is classified separately whether or not CONSTRUCTION the consumers are households) Construction Repair of agricultural machinery/equipment Construction and maintenance of buildings Repair of prime-movers, boilers, steamgenerating plants and nuclear reactors Construction and maintenance of roads, rail beds, bridges, tunnels, pipelines, ropeways, ports, harbours and runways, Repair of machine tools etc.

Repair of industrial machinery other than machine tools Construction/erection and maintenance of power, telecommunication and transmission lines Repair of office, computing and accounting machinery Construction and maintenance of waterways and water Repair of electrical Industrial machinery and apparatus reservoirs such as bunds, embankments, dams, canals, tanks, wells, tubewells and aquaducts, etc. Repair of apparatus for radio-broadcasting or television transmission, radar apparatus, radio remote control apparatus Construction and maintenance of hydro-electric projects and apparatus for radio/line telephony or line telegraphy Construction and maintenance of power plants except hydro- Repair of locomotives and other railroad equipment electric projects

Repair of heavy motor vehicles Construction and maintenance of industrial plants excluding power plants Repair of machinery and equipment not elsewhere classified Construction and maintenance not elsewhere classified ELECTRICITY, GAS AND WATER Activities Allied to Construction Electricity Generation, Transmission and Distribution Plumbing and drainage

Generation and transmission of electric energy Heating and air-conditioning installation, lift installation, sound-proofing etc. Distribution of electric energy to households, Industrial, commercial and other users Setting of tiles, marble, bricks, glass and stone

Gas and Steam Generation and Distribution through Timber works (such as fixing of doors, windows, panels); Pipes structural stee work; R.C.C. work and binding of the bars and roof trusses Generation of gas In gas-works and distribution through mains

257 Electrical installation work for COl1ltructions WholesJle trade in metal, porcelain and glass LI[E~sils, crockery and chinaware Painting and decorating work for comtruction Wholdale (; .1';(: in orE'S and metals Other activities allied to construction not elsewhere classified Wholesale trade in an Types of Machinery Equipment WHOLESALE AND RETAil TRADE AND Including Transport Equipment RESTAURANTS AND HOTELS Wholesale trade in agricultural and industria! machinery Wholesale trade in Agricultural Raw Materials, live animals, food, beverages, intoxicants and textiles Wholesale trade in electrical rnachir.ery Jnd equipment

Wholesale trade in cereais and puises Wholesale trade in electronic e

Wholesale trade in basic food-stuffs (other than cereals and Wholesale trade in transport and storage equipnwnt pulses) Wholesale trade not Elsewhere O;:lSSifi!?d Wholesale trade in textile fibres of vegetable/animal origin Wholesale trade in furniture and tlxtures Wholesale trade in un-manufactured tobacco, pan leaves, OplUr.l, ganja and cinchona, etc. Wholesale trade in rubber, plastic and their products

V/holesaie trade in straw, fodder and other ,In!rnal/poultry Wholesale trade in building materia is feed Wholesale trade in hardware and ~anitalY fi.xtures Wholesale trade in live animals and poultry Wholesale trade in household equipment, ,lPpliances n.e.c. Wholesale trade in manuiJctured foodstuffs Who!e>Jle~r':;Ue in scie:"itk, medk,jj ",flu surgical instruments Wholesale trade in tea, coffee, cocoa, tobacco products and beverages other than intoxicants Wholesah trade in wgches/(iocks, ey~ glasses and spectacle frames Wholesa'ie trade in Intoxicants like wines and ilql,ors including incidental bottling V":holesaie trade in precious metals, stones znd jewellery

Whoiesa:e ti:'i:l(~ in textiles ;md textilE ~rodu(ts, like ,,:1 kird~ 'Nho!esaie trade in wastes and metal scraps of yarn, tabrics, garments and other made-up articles, etc. (lndudingsecond-hand textile goods) Wholesale trade in miscellaneous goods not elsewh~re classified Wholesale trade in wood, paper, skin, ieather and fur, fuel, petroleum chemicals, perfumery, ceramics, Commission Agents glass and ores and metals Commission agents dealing in agricultural raw materials, live Wholesale trade in wood, cane, bamboo and thatches, etc. animals food, beverages, intoxicants and texlile5

Wholesale trade in paper and other st1tionery goods Commission agents dealing in wood, paper, skin, leather and fur, fuel, petroleum, chemicals, perfumery, cosmetics, glass, Wholesale trade 1n skin, leather, fur and their products ores and metals

Wholesale trade in fuel and lighting products Commission agents dealing in machinery and equipment

Wholesale trade in petrol, mobile oil and allied products Other commission agents n.e.c.

Wholesale trade in medicines and chemicals Retail Trade in Food and Food Articles, Beverages, r"bacco and Intoxicants Wholesale trade in fertilizers and pesticides Spedaiised retail trade in c(;reais and pul\~! tea, coffee, , Wholesale trade in toiletry, perfumery and cosmetics flour and other basic food items

258 Retail trade in vegetables and fruits Retail trade in industry machinery and equipment electrical and non-electrical Retail trade in meat, fish and poultr/ Retaii trade in transport e:juipment Retail trade in sweetmeat, bakery products, dairy products and eggs Retail trade in pharmaceutical, medical and orthopaedic goods

Retail trade in aerated water, soft drinks and Ice-cream Non-specialised retail trade Induding non-store rer.:;ii trade

Retail trade in pan, bidi and cigarette Retail trade not elsewhere classified

Retail trade in wine ann liquor, not consumed or. ':he spot Restaurants and Hotels

Retail trade in food and food articles, beverages, tobacco Restaurants, cafes and other eating and drinking places and intoxicants not elsewhere cLmified (Note1: This group includes sales of prepared fJods and Retail trade in Textiles drinks for immediate consumption on the premises such as restaurants, cafes, lunch counters and refreshment stands. Retail trade in textiles Also includes are catering activities and take-oLit activities as well as dinning-car activities ofrailwaycomllanies and other Retail trade in ready-made garments, hosiery/knitted passenger transport facilities which a:'e operated as garments, etc. (indudes retaii trade in second-hand garments) independent activities. Sales through vending machine, vending stalls, whether or not mobile, are included. Note 2 : Retail trade in fuels and other Household Utilities The abOve mentioned activities, if carried out in connection and Durables with the provision of lodging, are to be classified separately)

Retai! trade in firewood, coai, kerosene oii and cooking gases Hotels, rooming houses, camps and other lodging places

Retail trade in footwear TRANSPORT, STORAGE AND COMMUNICATION RetaH trade in crockery, glass-ware and plastic-ware Land Transport Retail trade in utensils (except those specialising in plastic wares) Ra ilway transport

Retail trade in furniture Passenger transport by bus (Including tramways)

Retail trade in electric/electronic equipment (including Passenger transport by motor vehicles other than by bus watches and clocks) Freight transport by motor vehicles Retail trade in'i~ellery Passenger or freight transport by hackney carriages, Retail trade in fuel and other household utilities and durables bullokcarts, ekkas, tongas, etc. not elsewhere classified Transport by animals like horses, elephants, mules, camels, Retail trade N.E.C. etc.

Retail trade in books, magazines and stationery (including Transport by man (including rickshaw pullers, handcart distribution of newspapers) pullers, porters, coolies, etc.)

Retail trade in agricultural inputs, viz. seeds, fertilizers and Pipe-line transport pesticides Supporting services to land transport, like operation of highway Retail trade in motor fuels bridges, toll roads, vehicular tunnels, parking lots, etc.

Retail trade in building materials Other land transport

Retail trade in agricultural machinery and equipment Water Transport

259 Ocean and coastal water transport Courier activities other than post. (This group includes picking up, transport and delivery of letter and mail-type, usually. Inland water transport small parcels and packages. Either only one kind of transport or more than one mode of transport may be involved and Supproting services to water-transport like operation and the activity may be carried out with either self-owned (private) maintenance of piers, docks, pilotage, lighthouses, loading or public transport media. All postal activities carried out by and discharging of vessels, etc. the National Postal Administration are classified separately)

Air Transport Telephone communication services

Air transport carries (of passengers and freight) Communication services not elsewhere classified

Supproting services to air transport, like operation of airports FINANCING, INSURANCE, REAL ESTATE AND flying facilities, radio beacons, flying control centres, radar BUSINESS SERVICES stations, etc. Banking Activities, Including Financial Services Services Incidental to Transport N.E.C. Deposit activities (This group includes activities of central Cargo handling incidental to land transport banks, commercial banks, savings banks, savings and loan associations and other such institutions whose major source Cargo handling incidental to water transport of funds is deposits)

Cargo handling Incidental to air transport Other credit activities (This group includes activities of such units whose chief activity is making loans. They are Renting and leasing (except financial leasing) of motor distinguished from the deposit institutions in that the chief vehicles, without operator for pass_enger transport (Renting source of funds is equity or short term paper etc., but not and leasing of motor cycles, scooters and mopeds etc. is deposits) clssltled separately) Other banking activities Renting and leasing (except financial leasing) of motor vehicles, without operator for freight transport. Securities dealing activities (This group includes activities of brokers and dealers and central exchanges dealing in all kinds Renting and leasing (except tlnancialleasing) of aircrafts of negotiable instruments and underwriters and agents in the floatation of new securities) Renting and leasing (except financial leasing) of ships Financial services other than securities dealing activities Activities of tourist and travel agents Provident and Insurance Services Activities of transport agents other than tourist and travel agents Provident services

Other services incidental to transport n.e.c. Insurance carriers, life

Storage and Warehousing Services Deposit/credit guaranty insurance services

Warehousing of agricultural products without refrigeration Insurance carriers other than life such as fire, marine, aCCident, health including insurance agents, valuers/assessors, etc. Warehousing of agricultural products with refreigeration (cold storages) Real Estate Activities

Storage and warehousing services not elsewhere classified Purchase, sale, letting and operating of real estate such as (Includes warehousing of furniture, automobiles, gas and oil, residential and non-residential buildings, developing and sub­ chemicals and textiles. Also Included is storage of goods In dividing real estate into lots, lessors of real property, real foreign trade zones) estate agents, brokers and managers engaged in renting, buying and selling, managing and appraising real estates on a Communication Services contract or fee basis Postal, telegraphic, wireless and signal communication services legal Services

260 Legal services such as those rendered by advocates, barristers, and news agency activities on a fee or contract basis. Indudes solicitors, pleaders, mukhtiars, etc. activities of independent news reporters, news writers, etc.)

Operation of Lotteries Recruitment and provision of personnel

Bulk purchase and sale of lottery tickets Other bUsiness services not elsewhere classified

Sale of lottery tickets to individuals COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL SERVICES Renting and Leasing (Financial Leasing is Classified in Financial Activities) Not Elsewhere Classified Public Administration and Defence Services

Renting of transport equipment without operator n.e.c. Public services in the union government including defence (Includes shortterm rental as well as extended-term I·easing services with or without maintenance) Public services in state governments including police services Renting of agricultural machinery and equipments without operator Public services in local bodies, departments and offices engaged in administration like local taxation and business regulations Renting of office, accounting and computing machinery and etc. equipment, without opeator (Renting of computer time on an hourly or time-sharing basis is classified separately. Renting Public services in quasi-government bodies of computers or computer-related equipment with management or oepration is also classified separately) Sanitary Services

Renting of other Industrial machinery and eq uipment (This Sanitation and similar services such as garbage and sewage group includes the renting or leasing of all kind of machinery disposal, operation of drainage systems and all other types which is generally used as investment goods by industries) of work connected with public health and sanitation

Renting of personal and household goods (This group Includes Education, Scientific and Rese,n::h Services the rental of all kind of goods whether or not the customers are households. It involves the rental of such goods as textiles, Educational services rendered by technical or vocational wearing apparel and foot wear, furniture, pottery and glass, colleges, schools and other institutions kitchen and tableware, electrical applicances and house-wares, jewellery, musical instruments and so on. Book rental is Educational services rendered by non-technical colleges, classified separately). schools, lll1iversities and other insitutions

Business Services not Elsewhere Classified Research and scientific services not classified elsewhere such as those rendered by institutions and laboratories engaged in Auctioneering services research in the biological, physical and social sciences, meteorological institutes and medical research organisations, Accounting, book-keeping and auditing activities, including etc. tax consultancy services Health and Medical Services Data processing, software development and computer consultancy services Health and medical services rendered by organisations and individuals such as hospitals, dispensaries, sanatoria, nursing Business and management consultancy activities homes, maternal and child welfare clinics by allopathic/ ayurvedic, unani, homoeopathic, etc. practitioners Architectural and engineering and other technical consultancy activities Veterinary services (including birds' hospitals)

Technical testing and analysis services (This group includes Community Services testing of all types of materials and products). Religious services rendered by organisations or individuals Advertising Welfare services rendered by organisations operating on a Press agency activities (This group includes news syndicate no-profit basis forthe promotion of welfare of the community such as relief sociedes, creches, homes for the aged and 261 physically handicapped, etc. Hair dressing such as those done by barbers, hair dressing saloons and beauty shops etc. Services rendered by business, professional and labour organisations n.e.c. Portrait and commercial photographic studios

Services rendered by cooperative societies n.e.c. Tailoring establishments

Community services not elsewhere classified Personal services not elsewhere classified

Recreational and Cultural Services Repair Services

Motion picture and video film production Repair of footwear and other leather goods

Motion picture distribution and projection services Repair of household electrical appliances

Stage production and related services Repair of TV, VCR, radio, transistor, taperecorder, refrigerator and other electronic appliances Authors, music composers, singers, dancers, magicians and other independent artistes not elsewhere classifled Repair of watches, docks and jewellery

Radio and television broadcasting and related services Repair of motor vehicles and motor cycles except trucks, lorry and other heavy vehicles Operation of circuses and race tracks Repair of bicycles and cycle rickshaws Libraries, museums, botanical and zoological gardens, zoos, game sanctuaries, etc. Repair enterprises not elsewhere classified

Audio & video cassettee libraries International and other extra territorial bodies

Video parlours, electronic games and other amusement Services not elsewhere classified centres n.e.c. Activities not adequately defined ReCreational services n.e.c. Persons. without any affiliation to any particular_ Persondl Services Industry (including fresh entrants to labour force)

Domestic services Activities not adequately defined (other than those persons without any affiliation to any particular Laundry, cleaning and dyeing services industry Including fresh entrants to labour force)

262 ANNEXURE - C INSTRUCTIONS TO ENUMERATORS FOR FILLING UP THE ENTERPRISE LIST

ANNEXURE-C

INSTRUCTIONS TO ENUMBERA TORS FOR FILLING ENTERPRISE LIST

INTRODUCTION prise may consist of members of the household or hired workers or both. The activity of an enterprise may be car­ In the instructions for filling up the houselist (HL), it has ried out at one or more than one distinct location. The activ­ been mentioned that HL. serves as a frame for the enter­ ity of the enterprise may also be carried out only for a part prises for which a separate Enterprise List (EL) will be pre­ of the year but on fairly regular basis I.e. it should be In pared as part of the houselisting operations. After identifying operation for the major part of season/year. Such cases should the enterprises in colume 7 or 20 HL, enterprises and their also be considered as enterprises. An enterprise may be selected characteristics will have to be recorded in EL forms owned or operated by a single household or by several house­ supplied to you. This EL form is to be canvassed alongwith holds jointly (on a partnership basis) or by an institutional the HL immediately after an enterprise is identified either body or by Government. through column 7 or column 20 ofHL. The specimen form of EL is given at Annex. 1. It will be observed that the form is Agricultural Enterprise simple and is designed to collect certain basic items of infor­ mation for the identified enterprises. 7. An agricultural enterprises for the purpose of eco­ nomic census is defined as one engaged in livestock produc­ 2. This booklet illstrates (i) the manner in which EL is tion, agricultural services, hunting, trapping and game propa­ to be completed and (ii) the concepts and definitions to be gation, forestry and logging and fishing. Enterprises engaged followed and the explanations of various terms to be used. in activites pertaining to agricultural production and planta­ The success of EC operations is very much dependenton a tions will not be covered under the census. thorough understanding of the concepts, definitions and in­ structions and on faithful applications of these concepts and Non agricultural Enterprise definitions and your following these instructions in the actual filling of the EL form. If you have any doubt, please do not 8. Enterprises engaged in all other activities will be hesitate to ask your Supervisor/Charge Officer for neces­ termed as non-agricultural enterprises. sary clarifications. As a cenus enumerator, you have great 9. The activities which are not to be treated as enter­ responsibility and there is no hdoubt that you will perform prises and which are to be treated as enterprises are illus­ this task efficiently ""ith pride and devotion to duty. trated In the booklet on "Instructions to enumerators for 3. The form is to be filled by eliciting the required filling up the Houselist", supplied to you separately. information by contacting the head or any other repsonsible 10. Certain situations pertaining to identification and person of the enterprise and not through other sources. If classification of enterprises are indicated below. you have doubt about the entry, you may put question mark (?) on the line in the remarks column of EL and subsequently (I) Persons doing different types of jobs depending on incorporate changes, if necessary, after consulting your Su­ the availability of work e.g. loading unloading, help­ pervisor in this regard. You should ensure that all question ing a mason or a carpenter, doing earth work for a mar ~ are removed before handing over the forms to the contractor should not be classified as running enter­ Ch ':i:~2 Officer, Arabic numerals should be used in filling the prises since they do work on wages. fon" (i.e. 1,2,3,4, ...... ). (ii) Where the structure of an enterprise covers more 4. The instructions for filling EL are first described. than one village, the enterprise may be considered La,;·! :he preparation of the Enterprise List Abstract (ELA) is to be belonging to that village where the main en­ dis'.~l;,~ed. trance of the enterprise lies.

Before going into the details of the content of each (iii) Brick kilns in the open will mormally be netted of· .. :olumns in EL form, the concepts and definitions of through column 20 of the Houselist.ln case where thr .. c-(ms used In the form are given below. brick kiln activity is reported by one household, please enquire whether the activity is done on part­ CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS nership basis. If the partner is in the same enumera­ ENTERPRISE tion block then the enterprise particulars are to be recorded against one household only with suitable 6. An enterprise is an undertaking engaged in produc­ remarks. If, however, the partners are living in dif­ tion and/or distribution of goods and/or services not for the ferent enumeration blocks then the enterprise par­ sole purpose of own consumption. The workers in an enter- ticulars will be recorded against each of the house- 265 holds with sLlitable entry in the remarks column that 13. Every line in HL must have been numbered by you the partners live in the different enumeration blocks. serially in column 1 of Hl. Corresponding to the enterprise identified in the HL either in column 7 or c10umn 20 there Is (iv) Owners of tubewells, tractors and bullock carts who a line number given i.e. entry in column 1 of H.I. This number utilise their spare capacity to earn extra monty should is to be copied from column 1 of HL and entered in column not be classified as running enterprises if the spare 1 of EL. capacity utilisation is on some occasions and not on regular basis. Col 1 (i): Census house no.(col. 3 of HL)

(v) An enterpreneurial activity outside the cenus house 14. Corresponding to the enterprise identified in col­ and without premises may be carried out in a shop­ umn 7 or column 20 there is a cenus house number given in ping centre/market place regularly or it may be of column 3 of HL. The census house numner need not neces­ moving type. The enterprises without premises which sarily be indicated in column 3 on the same line as that of are carried out in a shopping centre/market place the enterprise. It is possible that the census house number is regularly can broadly be classified into two catego­ indicated in column 3 against the first entry of column 7 or ries viz., cloumn 20. It has to be ensured that the same census house (a) those enterprises which are attached to the shop/ number is copied from column 3 of HL and entered in col­ cenus house or operating in front of a shop in a umn 1(i) of EL. shopping centre/market place; and Col. 2: Serial number of enterprise (col. 7 of HL) (b) those which are having fixed location in the open air in a shopping centre/market place and can 15. A continuous serial number has been given within not be attached/linked to any shop/census brackets by you for each enterprise identified in column 7 of house. HL. This number is to be copied and entered in column 2 of EL. The enterprises such as watch repairer operating in front of the shop, a hosiery outlet attached to a Col. 3: Serial number of enterprise (col. 20 of HL) shop, panwal.1 sitting in front of a restaurant/hotel. etc. are examples of category (a) above. Examples 16. For each enterprise outside census house and with­ of category (b) aie vegetable sellers sitting on the out premises identified in column 20 of HL, a continuous pavement, cobblers, ice-cream vendors reri-water serial number within brackets must have been given by you. etc. The enterprises of category (a) are to be cov­ This number is to be entered in column 3 of EL. ered through column 7 of Houselist (HL) and for such enterprises EL will be filled on the site of their Col. 4: Description of activity of enterprise location. The enterprises of category (b) above are to be netted through column 20 of HL and EL will 17. For the enterprise serially numbered either in be filled at the household itself. All the enterprises column 2 or column 3 of EL form, the description of the of moving type are to be netted through column 20 activity of the enterprise is to be written in this column. It is of HL and the EL have to be filled at the household possible that more than one entrepreneurial activity is car­ itself. ried on in the same census house or outside the census house without premises. If these activites are carried on by the same ENTERPRISE LIST person or the same household and separate accounts are 11. On the top of EL form, provision is made to write kept for each of these activites, they should be treated as identification particulars viz. name of State/Union Territory, separate enterprises. However, in cases where the activities District, Tehsii/Teluka/P.S.lDev. Block, Village/Town, name cannot be distinguished from one another, the major activity or number of Ward/Mohall a/Hamlet and Enumerator's Block will be treated as the activity of the enterprise. The major Number. These items are to be copied by you from the HL activity should be decided on the basis of income or turno­ form which you have already filled in. You have to enter the ver or number of persons empolyed depending on the infor­ names and the coad numbers in the relevant spaces. In EL, mation readily available during your enquiry. For example, a record 'rural' or 'urban' against item 7 depending upon area tailor sells cloth also and does not maintain separte accounts of enumeration falling in a village or town. Give code 1 for for tailoring activity and selling of cloth. Some other exam­ rural and code 2 for urban. Also give the page number in the ples where the activities might not be distinguished are flour right hand corner at the top of the page of EL. mill and selling of commodities such as rice, wheat etcj furni­ ture shop engaged in manufacture of furniture and renting of 12. The detailed instructions for filling up various col­ furniture; grocery shop also engaged as travel agent; etc. umns in EL are given below. 18. Description of activity of the enterprise is one of Coil: line number of HL (Col. 1 of HL) the important items of information to be recorded and this 266 should be adequately elaborated to enable proper classifica­ Col. 5 Classification of enterprise (agri-l, non­ tion of the entrepeneurlal activity. Sufficient details of the agri-2) activity of the enterprise should therefore be given. For in­ stance, it is not enough to write simply 'shop' or the caption 22. In this column, the enterprise is to be classified as displayed on the signboard of the shop. It is necessary to agricultural or non-agricultural depending on the nature of give full description, such as 'electrical repair shop' 'medical the activity of the enterprise. Agricultural enterprise are those shop; etc. It may be borne in mind that recording of broad engaged in any of the activities relating to livestock produc­ description of activity as 'manufacture of dairy products' tion, agricultural services, hunting, trapping and game propa­ will not be sufficient but greater details such as (i) manufac­ gation, forestry and logging and fishing. The activites per­ ture of milk powder, ice-cream powder, condensed milk, (jj) taining to crop production and plantations are not covered manufacture of baby milk food, (iii) manufacture of ice-cream under this census. Thus, it will be observed that only certain and kulfi, (iv) manufacture of butter, cream, ghee etc. should specified agricultural activities broadly listed under the head­ be recorded in order to carry out proper coding of industrial ing 'Agricultural Enterprises' in Annex-) ofthe instructions activities. for filling up HL are taken into account. Non-agricultural enterprises are those which are engaged in any of the activi­ 19. A few examples of description of activities of the ties pertaining to enterprises are listed below: (I) Mining and Quarrying (i) cattle rearing and production of milk (Ii) rearing of ducks, hens and other birds and produc­ (Ii) Manufacturing tion of egg (iii) Electricity, Gas and Water (iii) rearing of silk worms and production of cocoons and raw silk (iv) Construction (iv) animal shearing and livestock services (other than (v) Wholesale & Retail Trade and Restaurants & Hotels veteri na ry services ) (vi) Transport, Storage and Communication Services (v) production of fuel by exploitation of forests (vi) gathering of fodder by exploitation of forests (vii) Financial, Insurance, Real Estate and Business Serv- (vii) spinning yarn in Amber Charkha ices (viii) flour making chakki (viii)Community, Social and Personal Services (ix) oil ghanl 23. Activities relating to the processing of primary pro­ (x) carpentry -manufacturing ofwooden doors and win- duce of agricultural and allied activities to make processed dows goods saleable and carried out fairly on regualr basis are to (xi) hair cutting be treated as non-agricultural enterprises and not as agricul­ (xii) wholesale store for grains and cereals tural enterprises. A few examples to indicate the distinction between agricultural and non-agricultural activities are given (xiii) blacksmithy below: (xiv) prod_uction of hosiery goods (xv) stationery store Agricultural activity Non-agricultural activity (xvi) earth ern ware and earthern pottery (I) rearing of sheep and bailing and pressing of wool (xvii) private tuition production of wool (xviii)goods transport by motor truck (ii) production of milk collection of milk and selling, (xix) writing for papers and periodicals manufacturing of cream/butter etc. (xx) health clinic (xxi) inspection bungalows, dak bungalows, rest houses (iii) grading of agricultural curing of teal coffee leaves, products such as curing of tobacco 20. Annex, J of the booklet on 'Instructions to enu­ tea, tobacco, etc. merators for filling up the Houselist' gives an Illustrative list (Iv) rearing of cattle slaughtering, preparation and of broad description of activities and these have to be elabo­ preservation of meat rated. (v) rearing of fish processing and sale of fish Col. 4(i) : Code (vi) logging-felling and sawing and planing of wood 21. This column is to be left blank. cutting of trees (other than plywood)

267 24. Person(s) engaged In activities such as provIdIng 30. An enterprise will be treated as private If It is being services of harvesting, threshing, spraying of Insecticides etc. managed by single or a group of persons. If an enterprise on payment will be treated as running agricultural enterprises. takes loan from the Government, it should not be treated as However, if person(s) carrying out processing of agricultural a Government enterprise. The enterprises which will be clas­ produce on payment, will be treated as running non-agricul­ sified under 'private' type of ownership will be (i) proprletory, tural enterprises. For example, rice and dal milling, process­ (ii) partnership, (iii) private and public limited and (iv) Insti­ ing and grinding of cereals, pulses etc, will be non-agricul­ tution/trust. For these type of enterprises code 1 is to be tural enterprises. For example, if a person/farmer sells part entered. Examples with 'private' type of ownership are (I) a of his milk produce, this will be classified as an agricultural shop owned by a person, (ii) construction company under enterprise and the activity is 'milk production'. However, if 'partnership' or 'private limited' and (iii) temples, churches, he procures milk from others and sells it then the description charitable dispensaries etc. run by Institutions/trusts. of activity will be 'selling of milk' and will be classified as non-agricultural entperprise. 31. All enterprises registered under the act of coopera­ tive societies will be considered as 'cooperative' type of own­ 25. Government offices providing support/assistance ership. Code 2 is to be recorded aganist such enterprises. for the activities like livestock production, forestry & logging fishing, etc. will be treated as non-agricultural enterprises. 32. 'Public' enterprises will cover those which have the ownership such as Central Governement, State Governments, 26. Taking into account the description of activity given Public Sector Undertakings, Local Bodies (Zila Parishad, City in col. 4 the enterprises may be classified as agricultural or Corporation and Municipal Authority, etc.). Code 3 is to be non-agricultural according to the concepts and definitions entered for such enterprises. given in the above paragraphs. If the enterprise is of agricul­ tural type, code 1 is to be entered. If the enterprise is of non­ 33. Enterprises like universities, educational boards which agricultural type, code 2 is to be entered. are autonomous but are getting grants by Central or State Government or local bodies will also be included in the cat­ Col. 6 : Nature of operation (perennial-1, seasonal- egory of 'public'. Code 3 is to be recorded in such cases 2) also. 27. Against this column, information as to whether the Col 8 : Social group of owner (SC-l, ST-2, Other- enterprise runs more or less regularly throughout the year 3) or in partucular season (s), is to be entered in terms of codes. For example, selling of cereals, pulses, etc, in a grocery shop 34. The code for the social group of owner of each running of a restaurant/hotel, etc. pertain to the perennial enterprise will be recorded in this column. The codes are activity and for such activities code 1 is to be entered. Some Scheduled Caste-l, Scheduled Trlbe-2 and Others-3.ln case activities such as beating of drum, band-wala, etc. are car­ of enterprises whose type of ownership is other than private, ried out only during marriages/functions, throughout the year. code-3 will be entered under this column. If the private en­ These activities are to be treated as perennial, since they are terprise is run on partnership and one of the partners is sched­ carried out in all the seasons. Similarly, a person giving tuitions uled caste or scheduled tribe, the code corresponding to SC on a fairly regular basis is also to be classified as perennial or ST should be given. If the enterprise is run on partnership activity. If the activity such as gur making is carried out only basis by scheduled caste and scheduled tribe and others the during a part of the year, code 2 is to be recorded. code for social group of owner should relate to the weaker section viz. scheduled tribe. In case of enterpriseS belonging 28. If a person is engaged as a part of his regular work to trust/Institution the social group of owner will be 'other' In different seasonal enterprises in different parts of the year, and code 3 will be recorded. the different activities will be listed as separate enterprises although at the time of enumeration he may be engaged only Col 9 : Power/fuel used for activity In one of the activities. For example, a person sells cane juice 35. Underthecolumn power/fuel used in carrying out In one season and roasted groundnut/gram in another sea­ the entrepreneurial activity Is to be recorded in codes, the son. It Is expected that not more than two or three enter­ details of which are given at the bottom of EL. For example, prises would thus be listed. electricity used for the purpose of lighting or for heating the Col. 7 : Type of ownership premises of the enterprises Is not source of power/fuel used for the activities and should be ignored and code in such 29. Type of ownership of the enterprise is to be en­ cases will be 1. On the other hand, if electricity is used as a tered in this column in accordance with the code list printed souce of power in cooking in a hotel or restaurant, the code at the bottom of EL form. The enterprise may belong to (I) wil be 2. Other examples where code 1 Is appropriate are. private sector, (II) co-opeartlve society and (iii) public (i.e. offices, schools etc, In the case of an X-ray clinic which nec­ Central Government, State Government or run by local au­ essarily uses electricity, the code will be 2. But for nursing thodties like Municipal Boards, etc.). homes using electricity only for lighting etc., the code will be

268 1 . An enterprise using manual labour will be counted as en­ ered as workers. In the case of Jails only the hired workers terprise without power. The coconut shells, dry leaves etc. (employees of Jails ) will be shown as workers. If the inmates used as source of power in heating the iron for pressing, of Jail are made to work in the office of the Jail or in the preparing of tea/coffee, roasting of gram/nuts, etc. should workshed of the Jail, they will not be treated as workers for be given code 6 pertaining to lfirewood'. Similarly/charcoal' the purpose of EC. used as source of power for the activity will be given code 3 42. lfa part-timeworker is engaged "ore than one used for coal/soft coke. For enterprises using solar/wind in. enterprise he will be counted as a worker in all th ... enter­ energy, code IO'wl1l be r~orded. prises even though it may Inflate the total number of work­ 36. In case, more than one type of power/fuel is used ers. for carrying oui the entrepreneurial activity the code will refer to the major source on which the more expenditure is Col. 16 : Remarks incurred. 43. In this column, any information which further elu­ 37. If an enterprise is engaged in more than one activity cidates the entries made In different cols. 2 to ISmay be and which can not be distinguished the power/fuel used in noted, where necessary. such cases will pertain to the major activity recorded in col­ Totalling of Columns umn4. Cols. 10, 11 & 1'2 : No. of persons usually working 44. After filling all the lines on the page, do totalling daily-total and make necessary entries thereof in columns 2, 3, 5 to 7 and 9 to 15. The manner in which the total is to be struck 38. In these columns, the total number of persons usu­ has been explained in the foot-note of El form. However, ally working daily in the enterprise with break-up into males this is recapitulated below: and females is to be given. The number of persons to be recorded is these columns should include number of mem­ (i) count the number of entries In columns 2 and 3 of bers of the household and other unpaid workers engaged in El and enter them at the bottom of corresponding the activity as well as the number of workers hired from columns in the ltotal' line outside for the same activity. In cases where the enterprises (n) in cols. 5 to 7 & 9, count the number of entries of Is engaged in more than one activity the number of persons code 1 only and give the total at the bottom of the usually working in that enterprise should relate to not merely respective columns. the major activity but all activities of the enterprise. Cols. 13, 14 &,15 : No. of persons usually working (m) in coIs. 10, 11, 13 & 14 add up the figures In each daily-hired of these columns and write the sum of figures at the bottom of the respective columns. 39. After filling the cols. 10 to 12 proceed to enquire from the informant as to how many of the total number of (iv) in col. 12 first add up the figures and write total at workers are hired and record this number is col. 15. After­ the bottom. Thereafter, write within bracket the wards, ascertain the distribution of this total number accord­ number of figure which are added. For example, if ing to males and females and put the corresponding figures the figures in col. 12 are I, 4, 2, 4, 1 and 2 the In cols. 13 and 14 respectively. If these are no hired em­ entry in the ltotal' line should be written as 1 41 (6) ployees, put da~h in cols. 13 to 15. {J (v) In col. IS, follow the same procedure as done for 40. The figures of number of persons should repres.ent, col. 12 as explained In (Iv) above on an average, the number of persons usually working on a day during the last year of the activity of the enterprise. The 45. After completing the first page, proceed to next figure should relate to the position in the last year for peren­ page in similar fashion but write the page number in the nial enterprises and the last working season for the seasonal space provided on the right hand comer of the form. Pro­ enterprises. Care should be taken to include all categories of ceed till the work of recordlngofinformation In respect of all workers both supervisory and primary. A worker need not the enterprises listed in Hl of your block is completed. mean that the same person should be continued but is should ENTERPRISE LIST ABSTRACT refer to the position. Apprentices, paid or unpaid, will be 46. After tilling the entries in the Enterprise List i.e. treated as hired workers. Part-time employees may be treated after completing the listing of the enterprises and recording as employees as long as they are engaged on a regular basis. their particulars for your entire block you have now to pre­ Persons receiving honorarium for the services rendered on pare an Enterprise list Abstract (ElA) so that the figures of fairly regular basis to the enterprises will betreated as hired th number of enterpriese with premises and without premises, workers. number of agricultural and not-agricultural enterprises, 41. Working members of the cooperative societies who number of enterprises owned privately, run perennially, op­ often manage day-to-day work of the society will be consid- eratingwithout power and employment In these enterprises

269 becomes easily available. A specimen copy of the ELA is Cols. 8 to 10 : Total number of persons Including given at Annex 2. unpaid and hired workers usually working dally in agricultural and non~agricultural enterprises 47. There should be no difficulty in preparing the Ab­ stract. However, certain indications as to how the Abstract is 57. In columns 10 to 12 of EL, the total number of to be prepared are given below. persons and their distribution by sex must have been re­ 48. The indentification particulars given at the top of corded in the corresponding columns of the 'total' line. These ELA are to be copied from EL form. Further, write the total totals may be ckecked and entered In columns 8 to 10 of the number of Enterprise List pages you have filled in your block Abstract respectively. on the right hand side corner of ELA. Col. 11 : Number of agricultural & non-agricultural Abstract Col. 1 : Page No. of Enterprise List (EL) enterprises 49. You will please reCJlI that you had to number each 58. In column 12 of EL, number of enterprises corre­ page of EL and arrange them serially. The page number re­ sponding to total number of persons working Is recorded at corded by you will be noted in this column one below the the bottom in the bracket. Copy this bracketed figure in col­ other. umn 11 of the Abstract. 50. The entries from columns 2 to 15 of ElA are to be Col. 12 to 14 : Number of hired persons usually copied from the 'total' line of the page of the Enterprise List. worklni in agricultural and non-agricultural enter­ Col. 2 : Total number of enterprises with premises prises

51. As indicated in the ~eading itself, this figure will be 59. In cQlumns 13 to 15 of EL, total number of hired obtained from column 2 of EL. Please note that in EL itself, pe,'Sons and their distribution by sex in agricultural and n('n­ you must have counted the number of entries in column 2 agricultural enterprises must have been recorded in the 'to­ and recorded the total at the bottom of each page. Please tal' line. These totals may be checked and entered in col­ check this total and copy it in column 2 of the Abstract. umns 12 to 14 of the Abstract.

Col. 3 : Total number of enterprises without Col. 15 : Number of agricultural & non-agricul­ premises tural enterprises with hired employment 52.· As mentioned in the heading Itself, this will be cop­ 60. In column 15 of EL, the hired employment is re­ ied from column 3 of EL. Please check the total In EL and corded for the agricultural and non-agricultural enterprises copy it In column 3 of the Abstract. Identified in col. 2 or col. 3 of EL. Corresponding to this, Col. 4 : Total number of agricultural enterprises total number of such enterprises is put in bracket In the 'to­ tal' line under column 15 of EL. Copy this bracketed figure 53. The number of entries with code 1 must have been in column 15 of the Abstract. counted in col. 5 and recorded at the bottom of the page of El in the 'total' line. Please check this total and record it in 6 t • After copying the totals for each page of EL of an column 4oftheAbstract. Enumberation Block, add up the figures for each of the col­ umns 2 to 15 of the Abstract and enter in the 'total' line of Col. 5 : Total number of enterprises-perennial the Abstract . . 54. In cloumn 6 of EL, the entries with code 1 must have been counted and their total number recorded at the 62. If the ELA for an Enumeration Block runs to more bottom in the 'total' line. This total may be ckeckeed and than one page, the totals of the previous page should be entered in col. 5 of the Abstract. carried over to the first line of the next page of the Abstract before filling-in the information for other pages of EL in the Col. 6 : Total number of enterprises-private next page. In making such entries write the word '8/F' In 55. In col. 7 of EL, entries With code 1 must have been Col. 1 of the Abstract. counted and their total number recorded in the 'total' line. 63. Certain specimen entries of the Enterprise List and This may be checked and entered in col. 6 ofthe abstract. Enterprise List Abstract are given at Annexures 3 to 6. Col. 7 : Total number of enterprises-without power 64. Please hand over the filled up EL and ELA forms, 56. In column 9 of EL, the entries with code 1 must pinned separately to your Supervisor alongwith all unfilled have been counted and their total numnber recorded In the forms. Instructions In this regard will be Issued to you by 'total' line. This total may be checked and entered in column your Charge Officer also. 7 of the Abstract.

270 ANNEXURE·!II(Aj Total No. of Enterprise list pages .. "..... ".. "", CENSUS OF INDIA 1991 (ECONOMIC CENSUS) ENTERPRISE LIST ABSTRACT

I. ~t~te/Union Territory .. "...... ".... "...... ".... "".• :...... ,, ...... Code No ...... "...... 5. Name or No. of WardlMohalia/Hamlet...... Code No, .... "...... 2. District .... ,.... ,...... ,...... ,...... ,..... ,...... ,...... Code No ...... ,...... ,...... 6. Enumerator's Block No ...... ,.. ,...... ,... "...... Code No ...... 3, Tah~l!TalukalP,S.lDev, Block/Grele etc...... ,...... ,.. Code No, .... ,...... , 7, C.D, Block .. ".. "..... ".. ,,, ...... ,,, ...... ,,",, .... ,,.... Code No ..... ,...... ,......

4, VIllage/Town 00''' .. 00'' .... ''.... , .. """"' ...... ""... ,,,, .. , ..... ,, .. ,,,, .... Code No, .... ".. ,"' .. ,.... ,.. '''' .. ".. ,.. ,''" .. ' 8, Rural/Urban ...... 00 ..... 00 .. "00 .. " ... " ..... " ...... "00 ...... ' Code No, ...... ,.. ,...... ".... "......

Total No. of Total number of No, of persons usually working daily in No, of persons usually working daily in ,.J w enterprises agricultural &non·agrlcultural enterprises "" enterprises ~ agricultural enterprises t;"" "'..J"''''' _0 ~~ :.1 w 1:'" "r.: \11 .... Owned by 0- T0(.11 no. of persons No, of hired persons Total no. of persons No. of hired persons ch,.., e...... , e- o~" .. ~ ... o .~ ,... ~c:_ ~:; ,.J Including unpaid workers usually working in including unpaid workers usually working in r: III ~'O II II (1/ e- OIl ~w w enterprises ~ ~r.:: I) E'-" \11 Ii- .....~ enterprises t ...... ;;)\' .. ,'" 0 .... iii 0. ~ 0 c ~'" ~:J ,.J ~,g ~ w Ew iO 1(1 ,.., I..~GJ""'" w Q.- .ll~ "In W ~:; ::l2l 'J Ii- ~Ii- Ii- ~w E ~Ei:l;::; 0 0.0 ...: ~c: - h ..00 '0 0 0 .. :l \11 >- • .!!1Ii~W ,,1'1 I) ~'"'Y,.J Q. Males Females (Total Males Females Total Males Female Total Males Females TOIal 10 o .!!-.2Gi "'J U" d a~ o~ "" -loll ~ ~ Co_; blQI"lO &...: c: (II .. ~ (Col. 10 (col. II col. 13 (Col. 14 (col. 15 (col. 17 (col. 10 (col. 11 (col. 13 (col. 14 (col, 15 (col.17 " .. 100 Z ;;j 0 I'l ::l E!!l ...- .0 " II ~ 0 '0 h ~8 iii 'E II .I: of of of of of of of of of of of of "::~41 o.cc" till .. c ;. ... 0::1'0.11 .£- . ~~ ~"" 'C QlI) I), \11 El· El· El· El· El· El· El· El· EL· EL· El· . .!! " ~ 10 I), U El· ~.- ~'O QI III ~ 0"bI- " ".. ~ 100 \I I), Total·l) Total· I Total) Total· 1 Total·l) TotaH Total· I) Total·2) Total·2) TOta~2) Total·2) Total·2) :z ".1:.0

I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 IS 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Total

Checked and found correct ~~nlture of Enumerator ,.... "...... ,... Date ......

Signature of ~upef'lilOr ...... , Date .... "......

ANNEXURE - D INSTRUCTIONS TO ENUMERATORS FOR FILLING UP THE HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE AND INDIVIDUAL SLIP

CHAPTER 1

STEPS PRIOR TO ENUMERATION AND FILLING UP OF THE HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE

Population Census is a great national task which we are within the local area for which he is appointed, called upon to undertake every ten years. It provides valu­ leave or cause to be left a Schedule at any dwell­ at--'e information about the land and the people at a given ing-house or with the manager or any officer of point of time. It provides the trends in the population and Its any commercial or industrial establishment, for various characteristics which are essential for planning. It has the purpose of its being filled up by the occu­ become indispensable for effective and efficient public ad­ pier of such house or of any specified part ministration besides serving the needs of scholars, business­ thereof or by such manager or officer with such men, industrialists, planners and electoral authorities, etc. A particulars as the State Government may direct Census, therefore, has become a regular feature in progres­ regarding the inmates of such house or part sive countries, whatever be their size and political set-up, and thereof, or the persons employed under such it is conducted at regular intervals for fulfllling well-defined manager or officer, as the case may be, at the objectives. time of taking of the Census.

2. As a census enumerator, you are performing a duty (2) When such schedule has been so left, the said which is of great national importance. The data we provide occupier, manager or officer, as the case may through the census are very much needed by the public and be shall fill it up or cause it to be filled up to the government organisations for many aspects of economic and best of his knowledge or belief so far as regards sodal planning and form the very basis for the delineation of the inmates of such house or part therof or the electoral constituencies. You are privileged to be a census persons employed under him, as the case may enumerator. At the same time, your responsibilities are great. be, at the time aforesaid, and shall sign his name You have to fulfil them with a sense of pride and devotioi1 to thereto and, when so required, shall deliver the duty. scheduie so filled up and signed to the census officer or to such person, as the census officer 3. For your information, certain provisions of the Cen­ may direct. sus Act, 1948, under which the census is conducted and which gives you the legal authority to canvass the census 11 (1 )(a) Any census officer or any person lawfully re­ questionnaire and spells out your responsibilities, are repro­ quired to give assistance towards the taking of a duced below. census who refuses or neglects to ue reason­ able diligence in performing any duty imposed x x x upon him or in obeying any order issued to him in accordance with this Act or any rule 8( 1) A Census Officer may ask all such questions of made thereunder or any person who hinders all persons Within the limits of the local area for or obstructs another person in performing any which he is appoined as, by instruction issued such duty or in obeying any such order, or in this behalf by the State Government and pubUshed in the Offlcal Gazette, he may be di­ (b) Any census officer who intentionally puts any rected to ask. offensive or improper question or knowingly makes any false return or without the previous (2) Every person of whom any question is asked sanction of the Central Government or the State under sub-section (1) shall be legally bound to Government discloses any information which answer such question to the best of his knowl­ he has received by means of, or for the pur­ edge or belief. poses of a census return ...... •.. x x x Provided that no person shall be bound to state the name of any female member of his house­ (d) Any person who intentionally gives a false an­ hold, and no woman shall be bound to state the swer to, or refuses to answer to the best of his name of her husband or deceased husband or knowledge or belief, any question asked of him of any other person whose name she is forbid­ by a census officer which he is legally bound by den by custom to mention. Section 8 to answer ...... x x x x x x

1O( 1) Subject to such orders as the state Government .....•...... •.•.. shall be punishable with tine which may issue in this behalf, a census officer may, may extend to one thousand rupees and in case 275 of a conviction under part (b) shall also be pun­ roads, hills, rivers, nalas, etc., as also railway lines and simi­ ishable with Imprisonment which may extend lar clearly recognisable features. It Is Important that the to six months. boundaries of panchayats, patwarls' circles or halkasor ham­ lets are distinguished, If possible, and the names of hamlets x x x would also be entered wherever known by a particular name. For the purposes of the preparation of Notional Map, you (2) Whoever abets any offence under sub-sec­ are provided with a separate sheet. Specimen Notional Maps tion( 1) shall be punishable with flnewhich may for rural and urban areas may be seen at Appendices I extend to one thousand rupees. and II. In the case of very large villages when there are many blocks, It may be difficult to indicate the outline of the x x x entire village. In such cases, it is sufficient if you show in the Notional Map the block assigned to you. 4. Please take note of the provisions of Sections 11 (1 )(a) and (b) which require you to perform your duty 7.2 Having prepared the Notional Map, you would as a census officer diligently and to keep the information have to prepare the detailed Layout Sketch of your block. collected at the census confidential. The Layout Sketch is in fact a detailed map of the block assigned to you in which will be shown the streets and the 5. The Indian Census has a rich tradition and has en­ building on the streets. The main purpose of this Layout Joyed the reputation of being one of the best in the world. It Sketch is to clearly present the streets in the block and the is hoped that you will help in keeping up this good name. buildin~, so that based on the Layout Sketch, enumeration can be carried out. As in the case of the Notional Map, In 6. You will recall that as a preliminary to the enumera­ the Layout Sketch also, important topographical details should tion the housenumbering and houselisting operations have be shown. However, it is not a document which is drawn to conducted sometlne ago. On the basis of the Houselists, bee~ a scale. It Is a free-hand drawing. In order to be able to draw enumeration blocks have been carved out, one of which has the Layout Sketch, It would be necessary for you to go round been allotted to you for enumeration during February-March the village or the block assigned to you, so that you become 1991 . You have also been provided with an Abridge Housellst familiar with the area, the way the streets run and the main in the prescribed form (specimen of the form may be seen at topographical fearures. Having gone round the village or block, Annexe 1 to Appendix V at the end of this book) which you should start from one end of the village or block and furnishes the identification particulars of your enumeration draw a sketch. It is important that the dividing lines between block and the details of buildings, census houses, the uses to one block and another should be clearly demarcated. Such which census houses are put, household numbers, names of dividing lines, besides following some natural boundaries~ ~er­ heads of households and the serial number of each house­ ever possible, shoud also clearly demarcated. Such diViding hold numbers, names of heads of households and the serial lines, besides following some natural boundaries, wherever number of each household. In attition, in the remarks col­ possible, shold also be indicated by the survey numbers that umn certain details like reasons for vacancy and place(s) where fall on either side of the dividing line in cadastrally surveyed houseless persons can be found, etc., have been noted. villages. In villages which are not cadastraly surveyed, the 7. It is quite likely that you may have been associated line can be indicated by the name of the owner of the field with the houselisting operations and you are already familiar on either side of the line or by the name of the field, if any. with the preparation of Notional Map and Layout Sketch 7.3 In the Layout Sketch, every single building or house and the concepts and definitions of the terms like building, should be shown. Puca and Kutcha houses must be shown census house, census household, etc., and the manner in which the Houselist has been prepared. But in order to re­ by signs like a square 0 for a Pucca house and a tringle fresh your memory, these terms are explained below (pare ~ for a pUCCd house, further clas~ifyin~ them as ~hollY or 7.1 to 10.2). If you have not been associated with the partly residential or wholly non-residential by shading as fol­ houselisting operations, please read these instructions care­ lows: fully more than once. o Puca houses, whether wholly or partly residential

7.1 The Notional Map, as its very name indicates, is a § PUCCd houses, wholly non-residential map which Is not drawn to scale. It is prepared for the entire village or urban block and is meant to show the location of ~ Kutcha houses, whether wholly or partly residential each enumeration block within the village or town. Whether it is for a village or an urban block, the Notional Map will have to show the general topographical details of the entire A Kutcha houses, wholly non-resdiential village or unban block. The topographical details which should be indicated on the Notional Map would include permanent 7.4 It Is difficult to give a compreshensive and de­ features and land marks, such as the village site, well-known tailed, definition of the terms PUCG1 and Kutcha houses to 276 cover different patterns of structures all over the country. Ing a limited area. A Layout Sketch of your block should be The categorisation of the houses as PUCGJ or Kutcha for the prepared in which all the roads and streets should be clearly purpose of depicting them on the layout Sketches will faillitate indicated and their names also written. Then, each building their identification. Also as KutchJ houses are not likely to and house should be located on this Sketch. It will facilitate be long-lasting, anyone referring to the Layout Sketches a your work and of others if the wholly non-residential houses few years later can easily distinguish settlement areas which are distinguished from the residential houses by hatching, as are likely to have undergone a change. For the purpose of indicated earlier in this section. Here again, the important preparation of Layout Sketches, a PUCGJ house may be treated permanent buildings such as town hall, large office buildings, as one which has its walls and roof made of the following court building, post office, hostel, school, church, market materials: building, etc. should be indicated on the map.

Wall material- Burnt bricks, stone (duly packed with Definition of Building, Census House and Household lime or cement), cement concrete or timber, Ekra, etc. 8.2 You have to give numbers to 'Buildings' and 'Cen­ sus Houses' in all areas. The instructions given hereafterwill Roof material - Tiles, G .c.1. (galvanized corrugated guide you to deternine what a building and a census house iron) sheets, asbestos cement sheets, are for the purpose of houselisting. A building is readily dis­ R.B.C. (reinforced brick concrete), tinguishable structure or group of structures which is taken R.C.C. (reinforced cement concrete) as the unit for housenumering. The entire building may be and timber, etc. deemed one census house or sonetimes part of it, as wil be explained. The objective is to ultimately number and list out Houses, the walls and/or roof of which are made of all physical units of constructions which are used for differ­ materials other than those mentioned above such as unburnt ent purposes, residential or otherwise. bricks, bamboo, mud, grass, reeds, thatch, loosely packed stone, etc., may be treated as Kutcha houses. 8.3 Building: A building is generally a single structure on the ground. Sometimes it is made up of more than one Numbering of Buildings and Census Houses component unit which are used or likely to be used as dwelings (residences) or establishments such as shops, business houses, 8. When once the location of every building or house Is offices, factories, worksheds, schools, places of entertainment, demarcated on the Sketch, it will be a simple matter to de­ places of worship, godowns, stores, etc. It is also possible cide on numbering the building/houses In one series follow­ that buildings which have component units may be used for ing certain numbers. No hard or fast rule can be laid down a combination of purposes such as shop-cumresidence, work­ as to the direction in which the house numbers should run, shop-cumresidence, office-cumresidence, etc. i.e. left to right or in a clockwise order or North:west to South-east and so on. Much depends on the layout. So long 8.4 Sometimes a series of different buildings may be as some convenient and intelligible order is followed, it should found along a street which are joined with one another by be alright. The numbers allotted to each house should be common walls on either side looking like a continuous struc­ marked on the Sketch and with the help of arrow marked at ture. These different units are practically independent of one convenient intervals, the diretion in which the house num­ another and likely to have been built at different times and bers run, sholJld be indicated. This is particularly important owned by different persons. In such cases, though the whole when streets cut across one another and the housenumberlng structure with all the adjoining units apparently appears to series along a street get interrupted. It will be of advantage if be one buildings, each portion should be treated as separate the numbers are roughly marked in pencil on this Sketch and building and given a separate number. On the other hand, later verified with the actual state of things on ground to see you may come across cases, particularly in large cities of if the order of numbering given in the Layout Sketch would multi-storeyed nwnership flats. tn these cases, while the struc­ be convenient or any change is needed, for after all the Sketch ture looks like one building, the flats are owned by different is only a rough one and the actual Sketch of buildings 'on persons. In case of such multi-storeyed structures, having a ground may suggest a more convenient order of numbering number of flats owned by different persons, the entire struc­ at some place. Having satisfied yourself that the numbering, ture should be treated as one building and each flat as a has gone on right lines, you may ink them. Specimen Layout separate census house. Sketches for rural and urban areas may be seen at Appen­ dices III and IV 8.S Somethimes in metropolitan cities the local authorities may have considered the flats in a block or in large colonies 8.1 In urban areas, very detailed plans showing loca­ as separate buildings and numbered them as such. If the tion of every building or house along every road and street in house numbering system of the local authorities is adopted your block should be dearly prepared. In view of the very as such, you may treat each such flat as a separate building large humber and close location oc houses In urban areas, It because this would avoid your having to renumber these. may be necessary to have a number of sketches each cover- 277 8.6 If within a large enclosed area there are separate NOTE : These should not be numbered as 1O( 1) or structures owned by different persons then each such struc­ I 0(2), etc.~ as such numbering would apply ture should be treated as one or more separate buildings. to census houses within the same building. On Sometines there may be a number of structures within an the other hand, 10/1 would mean a separate enclosed area or cumpound owned by an undertaking or building that has come up after building No. company or government which are occupied by their em­ 10. ployees. Each such structure should be treated as a separate building. If such buildings have a number of flats or blocks 9. Census House: A 'Census House' is a building or which are independent of one another having separate en­ part of a building having a separate nain entrance from the trance from a common courtyard of staircase and occupied road or common courtyard or staircase, etc.~ used or recog­ by different households each such flat or block should be hised as a separate unit. It may be occupied or vacant. It considered as a separate census house. may be used for a residential or non-residential purpose or both. 8.7 Usually a structure will have four walls and a roof. But in some areas the very nature of construction of houses 9.1 If a building has a number of flats or blocks which is such that there may not be any wall. For example, a coni­ are independent of one another having separate entrances of cal roof almost touches the ground and an entrance is also their own from the road or a common staircase of a com­ provided and there will not be any wall as such. Such struc­ mon courtyard leAldings to a main gate, they will be consid­ tures should be treated as buildings and census houses, as ered as separate census houses. If within a large enclosed the case may be. area, there are separate buildings owned by different per­ sons, then each such building should be treated as one or 8.8 If there is more than one structure within an en­ more separate buildings. You may come across cases where closed or open compound (premises) belongng to the same whithin an enclosed compound there may be separate build­ person, e.g.~ the main house, the servants' quarters, the ga­ ings owned byan undertaking or company or even govern­ rage, etc., only one building number should be given for this ment, actually in occupation of different persons. For exam­ group and each of the constituent separate structures as­ ple. 1.0.c. colony where the buildings are owned by the signed a sub-number like 1 (1), 1 (2), 1 (3) and so on, pro­ Corporation but these are in occupation of their employees. vided these structures satisfy the definition of a 'Census House' Each such building should be reckoned as a separate build­ given hereafter. ing. But if in anyone of these buildings there be flats in occupation of different households, each such flat should be S.9 The buildings should be numbered as follows: treated ~s a separate census house. (I) If in a village ~he locality consists of a number of streets, buildings should be numbered continuously. 9.2 It may be difficult to apply the definition of census Streets should be taken in uniform order from house strictly in certain cases. For example, in an urban area, North-west to South-east. It has been ovserved that a flat has five rooms, each room having direct entrance to the best way of numbering the buildings is to con­ the common staircase or courtyard. By definition this has to tinue with one consecutive serial on one side of the be treated as five census houses. If all these five rooms are street and complete numbering on that side before occupied by a single household. it is not realistic to treat crossing over to the end of the other side of the them as five census houses. In such a case, singleness of use street and continue with the serial, stopping finally of these rooms along with the main house should be consid­ opposite to where the first number began. ered and the entire flat should be treated as one census house. On the other hand, if two independent households occupy (Ii) In a town/city enumeration block, the numbering these five rooms, the first household living in 3 rooms and will have to run along the axis of the street and not the second household occupying 2 rooms, then considering in any arbitrary geographical direction. the use, the first three rooms together should be treated as (iii) International numerals, i.e? l,2,3, •...... etc., one census house and the remaining rooms as another cen­ should be used for building nllmbers. sus house. But if each room is occupied by an independent household, then each such room should be treated as a sepa­ (Iv) A building under construction, the roof of which rate census house. has been completed should be given a numberin the serial. 9.3 In case of hostels, hotels, etc.~ even if the door of (v) If a new building either Pucca or Kutcha Is fOllnd each room in which an inmate lives opens to a common after the hOllsenllmbering has been completed or verandah, stairase, courtyard or a common room, as it hap­ in the midst of buildings already numbered, it should pens almost invariably, the entire hostel/hotel building should be given a new number which may bear a sub­ be treated as one censu's house. But if such hostels/hotels number of the adjacent building number, e.g? have out-houses or other structures used for different pur­ 10/1. poses or the same purpose then each structure attacted to the main hostel/hotel should be treated as a separate census 278 house and will be given sub-numbers ofthe main building. In holds are boarding houses, messes, hostels, residential ho­ some parts of the country, in rural areas, the pattern of habi­ tels, rescue homes, jails, ashrdm~ etc. These are called 'In­ tation is such that a group of huts located in a compound, stitutional Households'. There may be one member whether enclosed or unenclosed, is occupied by one house­ houeholds,2 member households or multi-member house­ hold. While the main residence may be located in one hut, holds. For census purposes, each one of these types is re­ other huts may be used for sleeping, as a kitchen, bath room, garded as a 'Household'. b3ith3/{, etc. Though each oif the huts is a separate structure, they form a single housing unit and, therefore, have to be 10.1 If a group of persons who are unrelated to each treated collectively as a single census house. If some of the other live in census house but do not have their meals from huts are used by one household and the others by a second the common kitchen, they would not constitute an institu­ household as residence, then then two groups of huts should tional household. Each such person should be treated as a be treated as separate census bouses. However, if there are separate household. The important link in finding out whether also other huts in the compound used for other purposes there is a household or not is a common kitchen. and not as part of the household's residence such as, cattleshed, workshed, etc./ they should be treated as sepa­ 10.2 Each household will be listed according to the rate census houses. instrcutions that follow and a distinguishing number allotted to each household. As each household will be related to the 9.4 It is also possible that a household uses another physical structure of a census house, the household number structure, e.g./ a b3ithJk, separated from the main residence as such need not be painted on the door of each census by some distance or by other structures or by a road. In house. Only the building and census house number will be such cases, it may become necessary to treat that separate painted. structure used as baithakas a separate census !louse. 11. You have been provided with a filled in Abridged 9.5 It is usuallo find in municipal towns and cities that Houselist form for your enumeration block in which the iden­ every site, whether built upon or not, is numbered by the tification particulars and Seetin 2 will have been filled. You municipal authorities on property basis. Such open sites, even will notice that SEction 2 rum from page 1 through page 14 if they are enclosed by a compound wall, should not be listed of the Abridged Houselist booklet and pages 1 5 and 16 deal for census purposes. Only cases where a structure with roof with Section 3. Section 1 on page 1 and Section 3 on pages has come up should be treated as a census house and listed. 15 and 16 of the Abridged Houselist will have to be filled in But in some areas, the very nature of construction of houses by you as per instructions issued by your superior officers. is such that there may not be any wall. For example, a coni­ The general instructions issued in this behalf are reproduced cal roof almost touches the ground and an entrance is also in Appendix V. provided and there will not be any wall as such. Such struc­ tures should of course be treated as buildings and census 12. You will be required to canVJSS the Household Sched­ houses and numbered and listed. ule for each household and Individual Slip containing 23 questions will parts for each individual in your jurisdiction. 9.6 Pump houses, temples and other similar structures The operations will be carried out in two stages: must also be numbered and given census house numbers. These are places where people can also live. Obviously, such (a) Enumeration during the period February 9, 1991 structures need iTot be numbered if they are so small that no to February 28, 1991 and person can live in them. (b) Revisional round between March 1, 1991 and 9.7 Each census house should be numbered. If a build­ MArch 5, 1991. ing by itself is a single census house, then the number of the census house will be the same as the building number. But if These will involve the following steps: different parts of constituent units of a building qualify to be treated as separate census houses, each census house should (i) Preparation of Notional Map and Layout Sketch be given a sub-number within brackets after the building of your enumeration block, number as 1O( 1), 10(2), etc./ or 11 (1), 11 (2), 11 (3), (ii) Updating the Abridged Houselist, etc. (iii) Filling up of the Househoud Schedule, columns 1 10. Household : A household is a group of persons to 7, who commonly live together and would take their meals from a commnon kitchen unless the exigencies of work prevented (iv) filling up of the Individual Slip for each individual any of them from doing so. There may be a household of in the household, persons related by blood or a household of unrelated per­ sons or having a mix of both. Examples of unrelated house- (v) Filling up of coloums 8 through 34 of Household

279 Schedule, with reference to the entires in Individual essary drawing sheets have been supplied to you. The in­ Slips filled for each member of the household, structions for preparing the Notional Map and Layout Sketch have been given in paragraph 7.1 above. Please go through (vi) Revisional round and updating of records, these instructions carefully and draw the Notional Map and (vii) Filing up of the Enumerator's Working Sheet for Layout Sketch for your enumeration block. preparing the Enumerator's Abstract, 14.1 While drawing the Layout Sketch you may come (viii) Filling up of the Enumerator's Abstract, across new constructions which have not been reflected In (ix) Filling up of Section 1 of the Abridged Houselist, the Abridged Houselist supplied to you. These constructions will have do be shown in the Layout Sketch at the appropri­ (x) Handing over all documents to your Supervisor, ate places and assigned building numbering with oblique the documents being the Notional Map, the Lay­ strokes. Thus, if a new building either PUCC1 or Kutcha is out Sketch, all filled in Household Schedules, all found in the midst of buildings already numbered it should filled in Individual Slips filled in and updated be given a new number which may bear sub-number of the Abridged Houselist, the working sheets for prepar­ adjacent building number, e.g., 10/1. There new structures ing Enumerator's Abstract, the filled in Enumera­ should not be numbered as t O( t ) or t 0(2), etc'7 as such tor's Abstract and all blank Household Schedule numbering would apply to census houses within the same books, Individual Slip pads and other blank forms. building. On the other hand, 10/1 would mean a separate Reference Date and Enumeration Period building that has come up between building number 10 and building number 11. 13. The reference date for the 1991 Census will be sunrise of March 1, 1 991 which implies that the census is Updating the Abridged Houselist expected to provide a snap shot of the population of the country as it exists on the sunris of March 1, 1991. It is 15. As mentioned in paragraph 11 above, you will obviously not possible to ascertain the particulars of every have been provided with an Abridged Houselist for your enu­ individual throughout the length and breadth of the country meration block. In this form the identification particulars and at this fixed point of time. Therefore, the enumeration pe­ Section 2 will have been filled. The general instructions as to rl,"'d has been fixed from February 9 to February 28. Thus, how Section 2 and Section 3 must be updated are repro­ you will have to actually commence your work of enumera­ duced in Appendix V and doubtless you would have been tion on February 9 and complete thewo:-kon February 28, trained in the procedure to dothis. 1 99 f~ During this period you will have to cover your juris­ dktlon and enumerate all household and every person living 15.1 As you go round your enumeration block carry­ in houeholds as will be explained later in this booklet. On the ing out enumeration, you will have to correct Section 2 and night of February 28, 1991, you will be required to count fill Section 3 as the case may be, in the Abridged Houselist. the houseless households. Thereafter, in order to bring the Please carry out the corrections in Section 2 and additions in information upto date with reference to the census moment, Sections 3 of the Abridged HOl)selist as you go round your which is sunrise of March 1, 1991, you will have to quickly block. Do not put this work off beca(Ue it is essential to en­ go round your jurisdiction on a re-visit form March 1 to sure that no building, census house or household is missed March 5,1991 and enumerate any fresh arrivals in your ju­ or left out and that the present situation is fully reflected in risdiction who might not have already been enumerated else­ the Abridged Houselist. Please read the Instructions given In where and also take account of any births that might have Appendix V once more. t_aken place in any of the households after your previous visit and beiore the sunrise of the said date, update the House­ Filling up of Household St:hedule hold Schedule or flllin fresh Household Schedule if a whole 16. Specimen of the Household Schedule is given at the household has moved Into your area and has not been enu­ end of this chapter. There are altogether 34columns in the merated elsewher~. Fill In fresh Individual Slips in appropri­ Household Schedule. Columns 1 to 7 of this form should be ate cases. As corollary, you will have also to cancel the a filled up first before you take up the enumeration of the Individual Slips relating to persons who may have unfortu­ individual members of the household. It Is re-emphasised nately died since your last visit to a household but prior to that it is absolutely necessary to fill up columns 1 to 7 of this the sunrise of March 1, 1991. Births or deaths and arrivals form before you take up individual enumeration of the mem­ of visitors that had taken place after the sunrise of March I, bers of the household. This will mainly help you in counting 1991, need not be taken note of by you. all memebers of the household, missing none, and in record­ Preparation of Notional Map and Layout Sketch ing age of the individuals more precisely.

16.1 Please note that this document is marked confi­ 14. You wm be required to prepare a Notional Map and Layout Sketch of your enumeration block for which nec- dential which means that the particulars entered in this sched- 280 lIle will have to be treated as confidential. Your attention at Book No. and Form No. this stage is invited to the relevant provisions of the Census Act, 1948 reproduced under paragraph 3 of this booklet. 18. Your have to write the Book No. and Form No. at the top left hand corner of this schedule. Book No. is given Persons Eligible for Enumeration on the cover page of the Household Schedule book and you have merely to copy this number on each Household Sched­ 17. The next question that arises is as to who are the ule form. The Form No. will run serially from 1 for each persons to be enumerated in the household. In other words, book. it is necessary to know who are the persons who are eligible for enumeration. Generally speaking, persons who are present location Code in the household during the entire period of enumeration or who are known to be usual residents of the household and 19. At the top on the left hand side of the schedule you have stayed there for part of the enumeration period orwho will find Location Code. The Location Code numbers have are expected to return before February 28, 1991 are eligi­ been allotted to each State, District, Tehsil/Taluk!Police Sta­ ble to be enumerated as members of the household concered. tion/Development Block! Circle or town, village (each sepa­ So also, visitors who may be present in the household which rated byobique stroke) and enumeration block (E.B.) number is being enumerated by you and who have been away from within brackets. Your Charge Officer or Supervisor would their place of usual residence during the entire enumeration have already indicated to you the complete Location Code period will also be treated as residents of the household. number of the rural and urban block assigned to you and noted these particulars on the cover page of the booklet. You 1 7.1 Thus, when you visit a household for the purpose should enter on each form the complete Location Code of enumeration, you will enumerate the following persons: number of your enumeration block, comprising State/Dis­ trict/Tehsil, etc, or town /village or ward and enumeration (I) All those who normally stay and are present in block numbers (within brackets). Please note that the code that household during the entire period of enumera­ for town is to be given in Roman numbers while codes for all tion, i. e., from February 9 to February 28, 1991 other units will be given in international numerals. (both days inclusive); 19.1 Location Code is a device by which every village (Ii) Also those who are known to be normally residing or town In a Tehsii/Taluk!Police Station/Development Block! and had actually stayed during a part of the enu­ Circle of every District in a State/Union Territory is identi­ meratioQ period (February 9-28, 1991) but are fied by a combination of numbers. The enumeration blocks not present at the time of your visit: for village and towns have also been assigned numbers and these constitute tha last element of the Location Code and is (iii) Also those who are known to be normally residing recorded in the Location Code within brackets. Bya combi­ and are not present at the time of your visit but are nation of these numbers one can exactly identify the enu­ expected to return before February 28, 1991; and meration block within a village or a town. Thus, Code No. 2/10/3/46(138) would mean enumeration block No. 138 (iv) Visitors who are present in the household censused falling in village No. 46 in Tehsil No 3 of District No. lOin by you and are away from the place(s) of their State No.2 Similarly, Location Code 1O/6/1X/5(22) would usual'residence during the entire enumeration pe­ mean enumeration block No. 22 falling in ward No.5 of riod. Forthe purpose of enumeration such visitors town No. IX in District No.6 of State No. 10. will be treated as normal residents of the house­ hold where they are actually found during the enu­ 19.2 The code number of Development Block will also meration period provided they have not been enu­ be supplied to you by your Charge Officer or Supervisor. merated elsewhere. You have to enter the same in the space provided in the schedule. In case of States/UTs where the Development Block 17.2 Please note that if a person has been away from has been taken as the next unit below district, the code number his r,ormal or usual place of residence throughout the enu­ of the Development Block will be repeated here. mer .ltion period, hewill not be eligible for enumeration as a merr,ber of the household in which he is a normal resident. 19.3 If you have, by any chance, been put in-charge of He v/!i be enumerated wherever he is actually found during more than one rural or urban enumeration block, please make the E'lumeration period. Similarly, a person who would have sure that your have sepiJr;Jte books iJnd PiJds for eiJch ruriJl norrn::!Iy resided at another place but has been absent from or urbiJn enumeriJtion block. Do not use the same book or that place for the entire enumerateion period, will be enu­ pad for different enumeration blocks even if blank forms are merated by you if he is found in any household in your available in a particular book or pad. Jurisdiction as a visitor. Such persons should, be cautioned that they should not get themselves enumerated again, in 19.4 Please check that the Location Code tallies with case they move from this place. the Location Code indicated in the filled in Abridged Houselist 281 supplied to you. If they do not tally, refer the matter imme­ Col. 1 : Serial No. diately to your Supervisor for further instructions. 22. This column retales to serial number and hardly Serial Number of Household calis for any explanation. However, in entering the members of the hOllsehold in the Household Schedule it would be bet­ 20. The serial number of the household as given in ter if some system is followed. After entering the name and column 7 of the Abridged Houselist will have to be entered other particulars of the head of the household (columns 1- in the Household Schedule at the appropriate place. As you 7), you should cover the near relations such as wife or hus­ will notice, serial number of household has bneen entered in band of the head of the household, sons and daughters, each Section 2 of the Abridged Houselist in a continuous manner. son's wife and children, each daughter's husband and chil­ If, however, you come across a household in course of enu­ dren, then other relations such as brothers, sisters, mother, meration, which does not find mention in the Abridged father, etc., of the head of the household, then domestic Houselist, you should enter particulars of this household in servants, vistiors, boarders if any, etc. Please see that all these Section 3 of the Abridged Houselist as per instructions given persons must form part of the household and must be enti­ in Appendix V. You may come across a new household in tled to be enumerated in terms of the eligibility criteria spelt the follOWing situations: out in the varioLis paragraphs. Such a system of listing and entering of particulars in the Household Schedule will ensure (i) A household has moved into a new building which that omissions are avoided, particularly of small children. It has come up after the houselisting operations; will also help in cross-checking replies regarding age.

(ii) A household has moved into an existing building 22.1 A word ofcaution - You must ask probing ques­ or census house which was not used for residential tions regarding relations such as unmarried sisters, parents, purposes before; domestic servants and children. Otherwise, the head of the household may not indicate that there are such persons as (iii) A new household has come in by sharing accom­ members of the household. Please make repeated enquiries modation with other household(s) who were exist­ about infants and very young children because they are of­ ing at the time of houselisting. ten liable to be left out of the count.

20.1 However, You may come across a new household Col. 2 : Name which has replaced a household listed during the houselisting operations. In such a case, the serial number of the house­ 23. Again, this question hardly calls for any explana­ hold given in column 7 ofthe Abridged Houselist need to be tion. The name of the perosn enumerated, starting with the changed. You should merely change the name of the head of head of the household, should be entered here. the household in column 6 in Section 2 and adopt the serial number already entered in cloumn 7 for this new house­ 23.1 The head of household for census purposes is a-" hold. Similarly, if the head of household has changed, you person who is recognised as sllch in the household. He or have merely to make change in column 6 of the Abridged she is generally the person who bears the chief responsibility Houselist and no change in the serial number given in col­ for the management of the hosuehold and takes decision on umn 7 of the Abridged Houselist is called for. Please do not behalf of the household. The head of household need not forget to read the instructions for filling up the Abridged necessarily be the oldest male member, but maybe a female Houselist and updating the same as given in Appendix V or a younger member ofeither sex. It may please be remem­ before you start filling up the Household Schedule and the bered that there are female-headed household, in which case Individual Slip. the head of household should be recorded accordingly. You need not enter into any argument about it but record the Type of Household person who is recognised by the household as its head. In the case of an absentee de jure/Head', the person on whom 21. At the top right hand corner of the Household the respondibility of managing the affairs of household falls Schedule, you will have to record the type of household, at the time of enumeration should be regarded as the Head. whether instltuational or houseless by symbols as per instruc­ tions given in the foot note of the form itself. There are three 23.2 Do not insist on the name of the female member type of households, ivz,/ normal, institutional and houseless. of the household If the respondent does not volunteer to give While you are enumerating the members of the household, it. Similarly, do not insist on a female respondent giving the you will come to know whether the household falls In the name of her husband or of any other relation if by custom category of normal household or institutional household or she is forbidden to do do. In the case of infants also some houseless household. For institutional write 'I' and for times the name may not be forthcoming. In all such cases It houseless household write '0'. For normal household no should suffice if in this column, you write so and so's wife or entry need be made. sister or mother or father or son or daughter as the case may be. It needs hardly any re-emphasis that the members of the 282 household should be enumberated and entered in a system­ pleted last birthday in the column. Very often there is a atic order as discussed above. In the case of an institutional tendency on the part of individuals to return 'years running' household, there may be a non-resident 'Head'. He is not rather than the 'year completed'. Make sure that only the eligible to be enumerated as a member of this household. actual number of years completed is recorded.

23.3 Books containing Household Schedule forms would 26.1 In respect of infants who might not have com­ have been supplied to you in sufficient quantity. For each pleted one year by the dayof enumeration, their age in com­ househoid you have to fill one form. Even if a form has been pleted years must be shown as '0', as they have not yet filled in for a one member household and there is enough completed one year of age. As has been stated earlier make space to enter particulars of another household you should sure that infants even if one day old are invariably enumer­ not make further use of the form. You should take up a fresh ated. You should not enter the age in months. The age of an form for each household. However, if in a large household infant who has not yet completed one year should invariably there are more persons than that the Household Schedule be noted as 10' only. form can accommodate, you should continue the entires on the next form, but do not forget to write the word' contin­ 26.2 Age is one of the most Important items of ued' on the top of the next Household Schedule which you demorgraphic data and you should ascertain the age with the will be using. The word 'continued' should be written in capital greastest care. Many persons, particularly in the rural areas letter. Re-write the Location Code and Serial No. of the house­ often times do not give their age correctly. They should be hold in the second Household Schedule form also. assisted to state the correct age by stimulating their memory with reference to any historical event, etc., well-known in the Col. 3 : Relationship to Head area. Sometimes the age can be ascertained with reference to the age of another person of a known age, who may be 24. In this column you will have to record the relation­ living in the same household or in the neighbouring house­ ship to head in full. In the case of the head write 'head'. For hold or that of a well-known person of the village such as others write the full relationship. Do not use words like Headman of the Village. A person can then easily say whether 'nephew', 'niece' or 'uncle', 'aunt' but state whether broth­ he was older or younger than such a person and by how er's or sister's son or saughter (for nephew or niece) or fa­ many years. This will help you to record the age more pre­ ther's or mother's brother, father's or mother's sister's hus­ cisely. band (for uncle), or father's or mother's sister or father's or mother's borther's wife (for aunt). Son or daughter will in­ 27. The advantage of recording all eligible members of clude adopted son or adopted daughter or step son/ daugh­ the household in the Household Schedule columns 1 to 7 ter. For brother-in-law, write wife's brother or sister's hus­ first should now be obvious to you. For, you will have an band as the case may be. For grandson, write son's son or opportunity of checking the consistency of the age reported daughter's son as the case may be. In the case of visitors, for each member of the household in relationship to the age boarders or domestic servants/cooks, etc., who are enumer­ of other members. In case of any doubt YOll can certainly ated as mempers of the household, write visitor, boarder or check back with the respondent and ascertain correct age domestic servant! cook, as the case may be. In the case of an which should be recorded here. institutional household, however, all the members of the household should be treated as unrelated. It is possible that Col. 7 : Marital Status in a hostel, the resident superintendent's son or daughter also happens to be a boarder, while the superintendent him­ 28. In answering this question use the following self/herself is the head. Even here the relationship of his/her abbrequations : son/ daughter should be recorded as unrelated, because it is an institutional household. NM for Never Married M for Currently Married Col. 4 & 5 : Sex W for Widowed S for Separated or Divorced 25. For males, put tick (.I) in column 4 and for fe­ 28.1 The entry is to be made in the manner indicated males put tick(.I) in column 5 against the particular person. below: For eunuchs and hermaphrodites, put tick (.I) under col­ (a) For a person who has never been married at any umn 4. Verify with reference to the name and relationship time before, write 'NM'. to head recorded under columns 2 and 3 respectively that (b) For a person cll~rently married, whether for the you have noted the sex correctly. It is obvious that there first or another time and whose marriage Is slIb­ cannot be a tick in both columns 4 and 5 in the same line. sisting at the time of enumeration with the spouse living, write 'M'. Write 'M' also for persons who Col. 6 : Age are recognised by custom or society as married and for the persons in stable de FJcto union. Even 26. Record the age of the person in total years com- 283 if a marriage is disputed in the locality write 'M' if 28.3 'M' is the abbreviation for 'currently married'. the person concerned says he or she Is married or The word 'currently' does not mean 'recently'. It only means is in stable de f.1aounion. 'at present'. For example, a man may be 80 years old and may have been married 50 years ago; if his wife is still alive (c) For a widowed person whose husband or wife is and the marriage subsists, they are {currently married'. dead, and who has not been married again, write 'W'. 28.4 The conditions for the marital status to be reck­ (d) For a person who has been separated from wife or oned as 'currently married' are that the man and woman are husband and is living apart with no apparent inten­ both alive and that their marriage subsists i. e,/ they are not tion of living together again or who has been di­ divorced or separated. Please note that we are not concerned vorced either by decree of a law court or by an with the legality of a union. accepted social or religious custom but who has not remarried, write'S'. 29. Having filled in colums 1 to 7 of the Household Schedule you are now set for taking up individual enumera­ (e) For an independent woman return her marital sta­ tion of all the members of the household listed in column 2 tus as declared by her. of the Household Schedule. Column 8 to column 34 of the 28.2 This question must be answered for all persons Household Schedule are to be entered with reference to the irrespective of age. For very young children, though we know entries made in the Individual Slip. The instructions for mak­ that they may not be married, the appropriate abbreviation ing the entries in column 8 to column 34 are given later, must be entered after enquiry. after the instructions on the Individual Slip (chapter IV).

284 CHAPTER"

FILLING UP OF THE INDIVIDUAL SLIP

30. In paragraph 12 of this booklet, you have been told hold where they are actually found " .... ring the enu­ that you will be required to canvass the Household Schedule meration period provided they h.-fie not beefl enu­ for each household and an Individual Slip, containing 23 merated elsewhere. questions with parts, for each individual in the household enumerated in your jurisdiction. The operations wil be car­ Please note that if a person has been away from his nor­ ried out in two stages, (a) enumeration during the period mal or usual place of residence throughout the enumeratIon February 9, 1991 to February 28, 1991, and (b) revisional period, he will not be eligible for enumeration as a member round between March 1, 1991 and March 5, 1991. You of the household in which he is normal resident. Hewill be have also been told in paragraph 13 that the reference date enumerated wherever he is actually found during the enu­ for the 1991 Census will be the sunrise of March 1, 1 991. meration period. Similarly, a person who whould have nor­ In the same paragraph, instructions have been given as to mally resided at another place but has been absent fro'n that how the revisional round should be conducted. place for the entire enumeration period, will be enumerated by you if he is found in any household in your jurisdiction as 31. In paragraph 17 of the booklet, you have been told visitor. Such persons, should, however, be cautioned that as to who are the persons to be enumerated in a particular they should not get themselves enumerated again, in case household of your jurisdiction. The instructions are briefly they move from this place.'" recapitulated below. 32. In paragraph 16 of the booklet you have been told "Generally speaking persons who ae present in the house­ that columns 1 to 7 of the household schedule should be hold during the entire period of enumeration or who are filled up first before you take up the enumeration of the known to be usual residents of the household and have stayed individual members of the houeshold. In paragraphs 22 to there for part of the enumeration period or who are expected 29, you have been told how columns 1 to 7 of the house­ to return before February 28, 1991 are eligible to be enu­ hold schedule are to be filled. The concepts and definitions merated as members of the houeshold concerned. So also, associated with each column have also been explained at ap­ visitors who may be present in the household which is being propriate places. You are now set for taking up the individual enumerated by you and who have been away from their enumeration of all the members of the household listed in place of usual residence during the entire enumeration pe­ column 2 of the household schedule. riod will also be treated as residents of the household. 33. You will be required to fill up an Individual Slip for Thus, when you visit a household for the purpose of each member of the household. The instructions for filling enumeration, you will enumerate the following persons: up the Individual Slip are given hereafter.

(i) All those who normally stay and are present in INDIVIDUAL SLIP that household during the entire period of enumera­ tion, i.e? from February 9 February to 28, 1991 34. A specimen of the Individual Slip is gi'.:en on pages (both days Inclusive). 2' -22. Please note that this documents Is m;;rked JConfr­ dential' which means that the particulars e~tered in this sl1p (ii) Also those who are known to be normally residing will have to be treated as confidential. Your attcmion at thh and had actually stayed during a part of the enu­ stage is invited to the relevant provisions of the Census Act, meration period (February 9-28, 1991) but are 1948 reproduced under paragraph 3 of this booklet. not present at the time of your visit. Pad No. and Slip No. (iii) Also those who are known to be normally residing and are not present at the time of y_9ur visit, but 35. On the right hand top corner of the slip will be are expected to return before February 28, 1991; found Pad No. and Slip No. You will have to note the Pad and No. on each slip of the pad. The Pad No. win have been Indicated on the cover page of the pad supplied to you by (iv) Visitors who are present in the household censused your Charge Officer/Supervisor. The Slip Nos. f;x each pad by you and are away from the place(s) of their will run from 1 to 50 or 1 to 25 or 1 to 10 as the cse may usual residence duringthe entire enumeration pe­ be. In some pads, the actual number of Individual Slips may, riod. Forthe purpose of enumeration such visitors by mistake in binding, be a little more or little less. The last will be treated as normal residents of the house- serial number in such pads will therefore, very accordingly. 285 The idea is that every slip shold be alloted the Pad No. al­ appropriate place. This number has to be entered on each ready assigned by your Charge Officer as well as the distinct slip of the members in relation to a particular household. It serial number on each slip in a sequence starting from 1. would be worthwhile your recalling the instruction given un­ der paragraph 20 of this booklet at this stage. Location Code Q 1 : Name 35.1 You will have to note the Location Code on each slip, as per instructions given in paragraph 19 of this book­ 37. This question hardly calls for any explanation. It is let. Your Charge Officer or Supervisor would have already obvious that the name of each member of the household will indicated to you the complete location Code of the rural or have to be filled against this question on different slips. At urban block assigned to you and noted these particulars on this point, you will be well-advised to recall the instructions the cover page of the pad. The Location Code consist of five in paragraphs 22-23. elements, namely, StatelUnion Territory code, District code, Tehsil/T aluk/PSI Development Block/Circle or Town code, 3 8. Pleas~ r~member th-Jt you have to fill in on~ Indi­ village or the ward code (each separated by oblique stroke) vidual Slip for each member ofthe household recorded in and enumeration block (EB) number within brackets. It is column 2 ofhe Houeshold Schedule. Please .3lso remember possible that the State, District and Charge code (Tehsil, etc.,. to fill the slips relating to the members ofthe household in or town) would have been rubber stamped on each slip of the sequence in which the n.~mes ofthe members of the the pads supplied to you. In such cases, you will have to household have been entered in column 2 ofthe Household enter the remaining two elements, namely, village or ward Schedule. .md EB (Ode'. If, 110\-\ ever, no such rubber-stamping has been done, YOll will have to write the full Location Code consisting Q 2 : Relationship to Head of the aforesaid five elements, as given by your Charge Of­ ficer or Supervisor, on each Individual Slip. It is advisable to 39. It will be noticed that enough space has been pro­ note the Location Code on each slip at home before starting vided for writing the relationship to head. You should record actual enumeration, so that you do not waste your valuable the relationship to head in full. The instructions in this regard time in the field in filling up the Location Code. Please note are given In paragraph 24 of this booklet, which may be read that the code for town is to be given in Roman numbers, for refreshing your memory. In the case of the head of the while codes for all other units will be giben in international household, write "Head". Please do not write anything in numbera1s. For example, Location Code 2/ 10/3/46 ( 138) the dotted boxes. would mean enumeration block No. 138 falling in village No. 46 in Tehsil No. 3 of District No lOin State No.2 Q 3 : Male (1 )/Female (2) Similarly Location Code 10/6/IX/5(22) would mean enu­ 40. For male, write 11' and for female write '2' in the meration block No. 22 falling in Ward No.5 oftown No. box provided against this question. For eunuchs and her­ IX in District No.6 of State No. 10. maphrodites, write' 1' in the box. Verify with reference to 35.2 As indicated in para 19.2 you have also to write the name and replationship to head recorded under columns the code No. of Development Block at the appropriate place 2 and 3 respectively of the Householod Schedule that you in each Individual Slip. This might have been rubber stamped have noted the sex correctly. by Charge Officer. Q4:Age 35.3 If by any chance, you have been put in-charge of 41. Record the age of the person In total years com­ more than one enumeration block, please m.3ke sure that pleted last birthday in the rectangle provided against this you have separ.3te piJds for each enumeration block. Do not question. The age should be recorded in international nu­ use the same pad for different enumeration blocks even if merals. Very often, there is a tendency on the part of indi­ blank forms are available in a particular pad. viduals to return 'years running' rather than 'years com­ 35.4 Please note that the Location Code tallies with the pleted'. Make sure that only the actual number of year com­ location Code indicated in the filled in Abridged Houselist pleted is recorded. In respect of infants who might not have and the Household Schedule on the basis of which you are completed one year by the day of enumeration, their age in completed years must be shown as '0' as they have not yet enumerating the individuals in a particular household. completed one year of age. Make sure that infants even if SI. No. of Household one day old are invariable enumerated. You should not enter the age in months. The age of an infant who have not yet 36. The serial number of the household as given in completed one year should invariably be noted as '0' only. column 7 of the Abridged Housellst supplied to you will It will be useful to recall the instructions in paragraphs 26 have been entered by you in the Household Schedule at the and 27 of this booklet in this connection.

286 Q. 5 : Marital Status not authorised to make any correction on your own. 42. Instructions given under paragraph 28 of the book­ let may be followed. You will have to use the following ab­ 43.2 The mother tongue as returned by the respondent breviations in answering this question: should be recorded in full on the lines. You should not write anything in the four dotted boxes provided against this ques­ NM for Never Married tion.

M for Currently Married 43.3 Since a household may consist of persons related by blood or of unrelated persons or a mix of both, it is abso· W f.or Windowed lutely necessary to ask of every person about his/her mother tongue because the mother tongue of each member of a S for Seperated or Divorced household need not necessarily be the same-these may be different persons in the household. 42.1 The entry as above will have to be made on the line and not in the dotted box. Q. 7 : Two Other languages Known

NOTE: The entries in Question 1 to 5 correspond to 44 You have recorded the mother tongue in Question the entries in columns 2 to 7 of the Household 6. Enquire whether the person knows any other languages, Schedule and you will be well-advised to make Indian or foreign, and write languages returned by him/her a tally qf the entries as and when you are filling on the lines and not is the dotted boxes, against this ques­ up an Individual Slip for each of the members tion. In case he/she does not know any language apart from entered in column 2 of the Household Sched­ his/her mother tongue, put cross (X) on th line against this ule. question.

Q. 6 : Mother Tongue 44.1 The number of languages recorded under this ques­ tion should not be more than two. These languages should 43. Mother tongue is the language spoken in childhood be other than the mother tongue of the person enumerated by the person's mother to the person. If the mother died in and these should be recorded one after the other in the or­ infancy, the language mainly spoken in the person's home in der in which the person speaks and understands them best childhood will be the mother tongue. In the case of infants and can use with understanding in communicating with oth­ and deaf mutes. the language usually spoken by the mother ers. The person need not necessarily be able to read and should be recorded. In case of doubt, the language mainly write these langauages.lt is enough. if he/she has a working spoken in the household may be recorded. knowledge of these two langauges to enable him/her to con­ verse in those languages with understanding. Please do not 43.1 Record mother tongue in full, whatever be the name write 3nythlng In the dotted boxes. of the langu~ge returned by the respondent and do not use abbreviations. Please note the following: Q. 8 : Religion

(a) You are not expected to determine if the language 45. In answering this question, use the following abbre­ return'ed by a person is a dialect of another lan­ viations: guage. H for Hindus (b) You should not try to establish any relationship between religion and mother tongue. M for

(c) You are bound to record the language as returned C for by the person as his/her mother tongue and you should not enter into any argument with him/her S for Sikhs and try to record any language other than what is returned, and B for Buddh!st

(d) If you have reasons to suspect that in any area for jains due to any organised movement, the mother tongue is not being truthfully returned, you should record For others, record the actual religion as returned fully. the mother tongue is not being truthfully returned, you should record the mother toungu as actually 45.1 If the person says tbJt he has no religion the an­ returned by the respondent and make a report to swer may be recorded accordingly. Do not mistake religion your supervisory officers for verification. You are for caste which will not be recorded here. You should also 287 not try to establish any relationship between religion and 47.2 Forthose persons for whom 'X' has been recorded mother tongue. Do not write anything in the dotted boxes, againt Question 9, there will be no entry in Question 10 and but write on the line. you should put a cross (X) on the line.

Q. 9 : Whether S.c. (1)/S.T. (2) Q 11 : literate (1 )/Illiterate (2)

46. You have been furnished with a list of Schedules 48. Definition of !iterate : A person who can both read Castes and Scheduled Tribes in relation to your State/Union and write with understanding in any language is to be taken Territory. Ascertain if the person enumerated belongs to a as literate. A person who can merely read but cannot write, Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe and jf he does, write is not literate. It is not mecessary that a person who is literate '1' for Schedules Caste and '2' for Scheduled Tribe in the should have received any formal education or shOUld have box provided against this question. For a person who is not a passed any minimum educational standard. member of any Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe, put 'X' in the box. 48.1 For a person who is literate, i.e./ who can both read and write with understanding in any language write '1' 46.1 If the person belonging to a Scheduled Caste or a in the box provided against this question. If there is any doubt sched!l!ed Tribe returns his/her caste or tribe by a synonym about a person's ability to read or write, the test that may be or generic name of a caste or a tribe, it should be recokned applied for reading is his/her ability to read any portion of as Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tr!be only ifthe name finds the printed matter in the Enumerator's Instruction Booklet place in the list furnished to you. Similarly, if the answer to (provided the person Is familiar with the language used In the this question is in genera! terms, like Harijan/Girijan or booklet) and similarly, for writing he/she should be able to Achhutl , you should not reckon the person enumer­ write a simple letter. Ability merely to sign one's name is not ated as belonging to Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe, as adequate to qualify a person as being able to write with un­ the case may be. In such a case, you should ascertain the derstanding. If a person claims to be literate in some other name of the caste/tribe fully and if that name finds place in language with which the enumerator is not acquained, the your list, YOll should reckon the person is negligent and in­ respondent's word has to be taken as correct. Other mem­ sists on calling him$elf/herself merely 'Harijan' or Achhut' bers of the household may also be able to testify to the lit­ or'Adivasi' or 'Girijan', as the case may be, or repeats the eracy of the person enumerated. synonym or generic name of a caste or tribe, please tell him! her that this description is not adequate for census purposes 48.2 For a person who is illiterate, i.e./ who can neither and persuade him/her to give the actual name of the Sched­ read nor write or can merely read but cannot write in any uled Caste or Scheduled Tribe. This may bring out the actual language write '2' in the box against this question. All chil­ name of the Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe, as the case dren of the age of 6 years or less should be treated as illiter­ may be, and record' l' or '2' in the box as may be applica­ ate even if the child is going to a school and may have picked ble. If the person merely claims to be a Scheduled Caste or a up reading and writing a few odd words. Scheduled Tribe, but says that he/she does not belong to any of the notified communities applicable to the area, as Q 12 : Education Attainment reflected in the list supplied to you, he!she will not be reck­ oned as belo!igingto a Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe. 49. This question will be asked of only those who are literate and for whom' l' has been recorded against QUes­ 46.2 Scheduled Castes can belong to Hindu or Sikh or tion 11. For a person who is illiterate and for whom '2' has Buddhist religion. For a persrm returnit'lgas a SchedUled Caste, been recorded in the answer to Question 11, there Is no check whether you have recGHied either 'Ii; or '5' or 'B' in question of ascertaining the educational attainment even If the answer to Question 8: Religion. However, Schedule Tribes he/she had at sorrre stage attende

289 Q. 14B If L.Yes' in 1 4A, did you work for major worked for the major part of the year and those who did not part of last year? Yes( 1 }/No(2) work for the major part of the year. Details of their activity are also collected. The number of non-workers seeking/avail­ II Q. 1 5A Main activity last year? able for work and those among them who had '1ot worked before are also collected. 'Yes' in 14B (Ci ALlHHIIOW) 'No' IN 14B (H/ST/D/RIBII/O) 55.1 Question 14A seeks to find out if a person had done any work at all (including unpaid work on farm or in 'Yes' in 14B-Any other work any time family enterprise) during the last year or whether he or she Q. 15B last year?Yes (C/Al/HHIIOW/}/No did not work at al! and if it is the latter how the person spent 'No' in 14B-Work done any time last his/her time as a non-worker. Then Question 14B seeks to year?(C/ AlIHH IIOW) find out who among the persons returning 'Yes' in Question 14A had worked for the major part of the year. By major III Q. 16A If 'No' in 14A, seeking/available for part of the year are termed as (183 days) or more. Those work? Yes( 1 }/No(l) who had worked for the major part of the year are termed as 'main workers'. Those who have not worked for the major Q. 16B If 'Yes' in 16A, have you ever worked part of the year, i. e., those who had worked for less than six before'? Yes( 1 )/No(2) months (183 days) in the year are termed as 'marginal work­ 52.1 These questions must be canvassed for every per­ ers'. Those who had worked for six months or more, will son, irrespective of age or sex. Every person must be asked answer 'Yes ' for Question 14B. For them code' l' has to be recorded in the box. But those who had worked for less than Question 14A, including the very young or very old and the six months or 183 days will say 'No' and for them code '2' answer to this question must be filled in. The other questions will have to be filled in the case of those to whom they are is to be recorded in the box for this question. Question 15A applicable. The instructions for filling these question follow. seeks to elicit information on the activity of the main workers in Question 14B, i.e., those for whom code '1' has been 52.2 These questions are meant to get details of the recorded in the box. It will also elicie information about the work done by the people with reference to last year. We main activity of the 'marginal workers' covered in Question may, therefore, first consider what is meant by 'work' and 14B, i.e." those who have returned 'No' and for whom code what the 'reference period' is. '2' has been recorded in the box against Question 14B.

Definition of Work 55.2 A persons may have worked for six months or 183 days or more in one or more than one activity. If he/ 53. Work may be defined as participation in any eco­ she has worked for three months in cultivation, one month nomically productive activity. Such participation may be in gurmaking and three months as an agriclturallabourer in physical or mental in nature. Work involves not only actual Question 15A, he/she is requried to indicate which of these work but also effective supervision and direction of work. It three activities accroding to him/her was his/her main activ­ also includes unpaid work on farm or in family enterprise. ity, i.e., in which capacity he/she spent more time. In the instant case since the person has spent three months each in Reference Period cultivation and as agricultural labourer the choice as to which of these two would be his/her activity should be left to him/ 54. In all the questions except Question 16B, the refer­ her. The other work or the secondary work he/she engaged ence period is the one year preceding the date of enumera­ which has not been entered fn Question lSA would be en­ tion. Certain types of work such as agriculture, household tered in Question 15B. Those who have returned 'No' for industry like, gurmaking, etc? are carried on either through­ Question 14B, i.e., those who have worked for less than six out the year or only during certain seasons or parts of the months or 183 days during the last year and for whom code year, depending on the local circumstances. In such cases '2' has been recorded in the box, will have to state whether what we are concerned with is the broad time-span of the according to them, they were engaged mainly in household agricultural seasons preceding the enumeration. duties, or as student, or dependent or as retired person, rentier, or begger or inmates of institutions, and if not in any 54.1 For Question 16B, the reference period is any of these categories, the person(s) should be put under 'Oth­ time before one year preceding the date of enumeration. ers' in Question 1 SA.

Explanation 55.3 In Question 15B, details of secondary work or marginal work are sought to be obtained. Those who have . 55. There should be no confusion regarding these ques­ worked for the major part of the year, i. e., those for whom tions. What we are trying to find Ollt is the number of work­ code '1' has been recorded in the box against Question 14B, ers and non-workers and among the workers those who had may have had secondary work and this should be entered In

290 Question 15B. In the example given in para 55.2, the sec­ household chores or attends a school, etc., he or ondary work will be cultivation if agricultural labour has been she would be treated basically as a worker. returned as main activity in Question I SA and vice-versa. Those who hav~ not worked for the major part of the year (v) A person, who merely receives an income, such as and for whom code '2' has been recorded in the box against a rent receiver or a pensioner who does not have Question 14B, must have done some marginal work and to work for receiving the income, will not be treated these details will be entered in Question ISB. It is important as economically active unless the person is also that probing questions are asked to ellct correct information. engaged for some part of the year in some eco­ nomic activity. Similarly, beggars, pensieners, re­ 55.4ln Question 16A, it is proposed to ask all persons ceivers of agricultural or non-agricultural royalty returning 'No' in Question 14A, i.e., H/ST/D/RiB/1/0 in or of rents or dividends who may be earning an Question 14A,lwhether he or she has been seeking work or income but who are not participating in any pro­ is available for work. Question 16B seeks to find out who ductivp. work should not be treated as working un­ among the non-workers returning 'Yes' in Question 16A less they also work in cultivation, industry, trade, had ever worked or not before. Those who had worked any profession, business or commerce. time before will answer 'Yes' for Question 16B and for them code' I' has to be recorded in the box. But those who had (vi) A person who engages himself/herself in work such not worked any time before will say 'No' and for them code as rice pounding for sale or wages, or in domestic '2' is to be recorded. The main purpc,se of this question is to services for wages for others or minding cattle for elicit information regarding the fresh entrants in the labour wages or selling firewood or making and selling market. Those returning code '2' for this question will be the cowdung cakes or selling grass, etc., or any other fresh entrants in the labour market. work like cultivation, etc., he/she should be treated as working under Question 1 4A. However, any 55.5 It will thus be seen that these questions on eco­ person who is engaged only in household duties nomic aspects have been so designed as to identify all the but doing no other productive work to augment workers, main or marginal and non-workers with reference the family's resources should not be considered as to the activities during the last one year prior to the date of working for the purpose of this question. enumeration. It is very important to remember that the pe­ riod refered to in Quetions 14A, 14B, 1 SA and 1 5B is one Important year preceding the enumeration. Thus, if in some areas, a person has been a cultivator or an agricultural labourer, or Women are often classified as non-workers has worked in ali industry, etc., only in one season, i.e., less because of non-reporting of their work. It also hap­ than 6 months/ 183 days, he/she is not to be treated as a pens that women who work for the major part of worker for Question 14B. His/her economic activity will be the year are reported as working for less than six reflected in Question 15B. Thus, all those returning 'Yes' in months. You should, therefore, make special ef­ Question 14A must be netted as f'( es' in Question 14B or in forts for capturing women's work by asking prob­ Question ,15B or both. ing questions.

56. Certain important points that need special empha­ (vii) A man or a woman may be producing or making sis are the foH~wing and these should be kept in mind: something only for the domestic consumption of the household and not for sale. Such a person is (i) A person who mormally works but has been ab­ not a worker, even though from his or her point of sent from work during the reference period on ac­ view the activity is productive. count of illness, holiday, temporary closure, strike etc., must be treated as engaged in the work he/ (viii) For an undertrial prisoner enumerated in a jail, she would otherwise have been doing but for his/ record the work he/she was dOing before he/she her temporary absence. was apprehended. Similarly, for a person tempo­ rarily in a hospital or similar institution, record the (ii) Persons under training such as apprentices, with kind of work he/she was doing before he/she was or without stipends or wages, should be treated as admitted into hospital or institution. But for con­ workers. victs in a prison or for longterm inmates of penal or charitable or mental institutions, the persons' (iii) A person who has merely been offered work but previous work should not be recorded, but 'I' has not actually joined yet, should not be treated should be recorded. For census purposes, inmates as engaged in this work. of penal or charitable or mental institutions if de­ tained for six months or more should be treated as (iv) If a person is engaged in some economic activity long term and 'I' should be recorded for them. but all the same time does also attend to some 291 (ix) A public or social service worker who is engaged in is particularly important to ask such probing questions re­ public service activity or a political worker who is garding the work done at any time last year or any of the also engaged in furthering the political activity of seasons in the reference period in the case of women and his/her party will be recorded as a worker and en­ children in the rural areas. Women and children in the rural tered accordingly. Such persons will include Mem­ areas work in the fields in the sowing, harvesting or other bers of Parliament, State Legislatures, Local Au­ seasons and this may be on their own land or as labourers on thorities, etc. someone else's land. Unless questions are asked about such work, the usual answer may be that they do not work. 57. Each of the economic questions can now be consid­ ered in detail. Please study these instructions carefully. It will 61. It must be remembered that a man or a woman help if you read the general introduction given above and who is doing only household duties or making something those that follow more than once so that the concepts and only for domestic consumption (and not for sale) is not do­ the scope of the questions are familiar to you. ing any work in census terminology.

Q. 14A : Did you work any time at all last year? 62. In this question every worker (even marginal work­ (including unpaid work in farm or in family ers) will be Identified and in their cases the answer will be enterprise) 'Yes'. You must enquire regarding each person whom you enumerate, whether he or she has worked any time at all Yes during the last year. Even if the person has worked only for No (H/ST/O/RiB/I/O) a few days, you have to record him/her as 'Yes', against this 58. This question is intended to divide the population question. Into two broad streams on the basis of a liberal definition of work. The reference period is one year. This question is ex­ Important pected to net all workers irrespective of the amount of time they have spent on work. In other words, this question will 62.1 Before making any entry, make sure whether he find out the number of all workers which will include both or she is engaged even if only for a few days in a year in the main and marginal workers. Please note that unpaid workers following activities: in farms or In family enterprises and even workers whose contribution would otherwise be considered Insignificant Work on the family farm; sale of home-made dairy prod­ should also be covered. But the workers in this question will ucts; rearing of poultry and sale of the products; sale of not include those who produce goods for the self consump­ fruits, vegetables, etc.; sale of fish; making of cowdung tion of,the members of the household like persons who pro­ cakes or collecting wood for fuel, fodder, grass and other duce goods for the self consumption of the members of the forest produce and selling some of it; engaged in house­ household like persons collecting wood, preparingcowdung hold industry such as weaving, spinning, bee-keeping, cakes, etc., for the domestic consumption. Thus the term sericulture, tanning and making of leather products, pot­ 'unpaid worker' may not be confused with those who pro­ tery, leaf plate making, block printing, making cane-bam­ duce or make goods for domestic consumption. The latter boo products, rope making, etc.; providing services on category is to be taken as non-worker. payment for others such as laundry, domestic work, hair cutting, tailoring, etc. or working on piece rate for mak­ NOTE: Please note that persons who cultivate land ing agarbathies, match boxes, bldi rolling, assembly of to produce for domestic consumption only various parts, making and selling of garments, pickles, will be treated as workers. papad, masala, lam, snacks and other food products. Take care to net informal activities in urban and rural 59. The reference period is one year and this includes areas, e.g., rag picking, making of stationery items, sari­ the agricultural seasons also. A person may have worked as fall and beading, sale of foods or snacks for festivals, a cultivator or as an agricultural labourer throughout the year running beauty parlour or giving secretarial assistance in or in some season such as only Kharif or rabi, or only for a family enterprise, giving tuitions, running music, dance, few days. In all these cases this person has worked at some cookery, arts, crafts, etc., classes at home. time in the year and the answer to this question should be 'Yes' . 'Yes' should be written on the line and not in the dot­ 63. If the individual has not worked at all duringthe last ted boxes. One may have been a cultivator, an agricultural year, the answer will be 'No'. Then ascertain how he or she labourer, or engaged in a household industry or any other spent his or her time and record 'H' or 1ST' or '0' or 'R' or work. The definitions of these terms are given later, but the 'B' or 'I' or '0', as the case may be, below the line against important point is that we are determining the fact that one this question. has done some work some time during the last one year. 64. In question 14A, we are tryIng to find out whether 60. Obviously, probing questions will have to be asked a person has worked any time or has been a non-worker specially in the case of those who are not regularworkers. It throughout. If he or she is a non-worker throughout, the 292 category has also to be ascertained which Is as follows: she is a worker for the purpose of Question 14A.

(I) Household duties -H 66.2 Please note that a person has to be a full-time stu­ dent for being classified as 'ST' in Question 1 4A. For exam­ (ii) Students - ST ple, a penon who is mainly attending to household duties but taking a correspondence course or attending part-time (Iii) Dependents -D classes wili not be classified as 'ST' but as 'H' in Question 14A. (iv) Retired persons or rentiers -R 66.3 Please do not presume that a person does not do (v) Beggars, etc. -B any work because he is a student. It is very important to ask probing questions about students so as to net workers among (vi) Inmates of institutions - I them. (vii) Other non-workers -0 66.4 Please note that in most houses, the daughters help The symbols which should be used to indicate these cat­ in the household work though they are studying full-time. In egorres are also shown above against each category. such cases, we are more interested in finding out if they are students and for this purpose you must ask if such girls are 65. The definitions of the seven categories of non-work­ students or not. If they are, they should be recorded as 'ST' ers are given in the following paragraphs. and not as 'H' against Question 14A.

Household Duties - H Dependents - 0

. 65•. 1 This category covers all persons who are engaged 67. This category includes all dependents such as in­ In unpaid household duties and who do no other work or fants or children not attending school as a person perma­ have not done any work at all during the last one year. Such nently disabled from work because of illness or old age. persons should be entered as 'H'. 67.1 Dependents will include even able-bodies persons . 6~.2 If a person who normally attends to household who cannot be categorised in any other category of non­ dutl~ IS also engaged In some economic activity, then he or workers but are dependent on pthers. How€v

293 essary. A retired person may be drawing pension and be part of last year? Yes (1 }/No (2) doing some work, as for example, a retired engineer may be working as a contractor. In such cases, he/she is a worker 72. As mentioned earlier, through Question t 4A you and should be entered as such. have classified all people into two broad streams ofworkers and non-workers. Workers would include all those who have Beggars, etc. - B worked irrespective of the quentum of their contribution to the economy. 69. This category will cover beggars, vagrants or cases such as persons without indication of source of income and 72.1 Having found out that the. person had worked any those with unspecified sources of subsistence who are not time at all during the last year (yes in 14A) you have now to engaged in any economically productive work. ascertain whether the person worked for the major part of last year. By major part of last year is meant that the person 69.1 For such persons, 'B' should be written in the space had worked for six months or more, or in other words worked provided. for 183 days or more. I f the answer to this question is in the affirn:ativeyou should record 'I' in the box against Question Inmates of Institutions - I 14B. If the person has worked for less than six months or 183 days during the last year, you should record '2' for that 70. This category will cover convicts in jails or inmates person in the box against Question 14B. Cross (X) may be of a penal, mental or charitable insitutions, even if such per­ put in the box for those persons for whom 'No' has been sons are compelled to do some work such as carpentry, car­ recorded against Question 14A. pet weaving, vegetable growing, etc.} in sLich institutions. But an undertrial prisoner enumerated in a jail should be recorded Important for the work he/she was doing before he/she was appre­ hended. Similarly, a person temporarily in a hospital or simi­ 72.2 Generally women and children who have actually !ar institution should be recorded for the kind of work he/ worked for major part of the last year are recorded or re­ she VIas doing before he/she was admitted into the hospital ported as having worked for less than six months or 183 or institution. But for a long-term undertrial prisoner or con­ days. You should, therefore, ask probing questions in this vict in a prison or for long-term inmates of penal or charita­ regard to elicit the correct information. ble or mental institutions, the persons' previous work should not be recorded, but 'I' should be recorded. A person will 72.3 A person may have worked in different capacities be considered as

71.1 It must be noted that this category includes only 73. In Question 14B you would have ascertained whether those who do not fall into any of the other categories of non­ a person had worked for major part of the year or not. Now workers discussed earlier. There may be cases of students in Question 15A, you will be required to ascertain his or her who may be seeking work and quite prepared to give up mainf activity during last year. That is to say how he or she studies if they got a job. Such persons are students (ST) for engaged himself or herself mostly. Main activity of a person Question 1 4A. The fact that they are seeking jobs will be who was engaged in more than one activity will be reckoned reflected in Question 16. Thus, category '0' need not nec­ in terms of time disposition. For example, if a person has essarily represent all those Who are seeking work. worked as a daily wage labourer for four months, as an agri­ cultural labourer for one month and as cultivator for two Q. 14B : If 'Yes' in 14A, did you work for major months and for h1m/her, you have recorded '1' in the box

294 against Question 14B then that person will be rekoned as agricultural labourer. He or she has no risk in the cultivation, daily wage labourer for Question 1 SA and you will record but he/she merelyworks on another person's land for wages. 'OW' on the line and not in the boxes), since he/she spent An agricultural labourer has no right of lease or contract on more time in this activity than as a cultivator or as an agricul­ land on which he/she works. turallabourer. Similarly, for a person for whom you have recorded '2' in the box In Question 14B, you should ascer­ 76.1 For a person who returns his/her economic activ­ tain how he or she spent his/her time mostly as a non-worker ity as agrlculturallaburer, write 'AL' above the line and not for the major part of the year and record the appropriate in the dotted boxes. symbol below the line In the space provided and not in the boxes. Important

74. The workers are classified into four categories, viz., 77. For certain reasons, the growing of certain crops Is cultivators, agricultural labourers, those engaged in house­ not considered as agriculture. If a person is engaged In the hold Industry and other workers. The symbols which should growing of such crops he or she will not be considered as a be used to indicate these categories are given below: cultivator or agricultural labourer.

(I) Cultivators - C 77.1 You must remember that a person can be classi­ fied as a cultivator or as an agricultural labourer only on the (iI) Agricultural Labourers -AL basis of the crops grown. The growing of the following crops is considered as cultivatlQn. Therefore, a person who grows (iii) Workers In Household Industry- HHI these crops or who works on land on which these crops are grown can be classified either as a cultivator or an agrlcul­ (Iv) Other Workers - OW turallabourer as the case may be.

74.1 The definitions of the four categories of workers (I) Cereal and millet crops : Paddy, wheat, jowar, are given in the following paragraphs. balra, maize, ragi, barley, etc. Cultivator - C (iI) Pulses: Arhar, gram, khesari, moong, masur, urd, etc. 75. For purposes of the census a person Is working as cultivator if he or she is engaged either as employer, single (III) Fibre crops : Raw cotton, Jute, mesta, sunhemp worker or family worker In cultivation of land owned or held and kindred flbre crops. from Government or held from private persons or Institu­ (iv) 011 Seeds: Sesamum, ground-nut, rapeseed, mus- tions for payment In money, kind or ~hare. Cultivation in­ tard, linseed, castor, etc. cludes supervision or direction of cultivation. (v) Cash crop : Sugarcane 75.1 A person who has given out his/her land to an­ other person or persons for cultivation for money, kind or The growing of the following crops will not be consid­ share of crop and who does not even supervise or direct ered as cultivation: cultivation of larid, will not be treated as cultivator. Similarly, (I) Plantation crops : Tea, coffee, rubber, tobacco, a person working in another person's land for wages In cash pepper, cardamom, etc. or kind or a comblnatfon of both (agricultural labourer) will not be treated as cultivator in this question. (ii) Edible nuts (other than ground-nut) : Wal­ nut, almond, cashewnut, etc. 75.2 Cultivation involves ploughing, sowing and harvest­ ing and production of cereals and millet crops such as wheat, (iii) Fruits: Bananas, apples, grapes, mangoes, oranges, paddy, lowar, balra, ragi, etc., and other crops such as etc. sugarcane, ground-nuts, tapioca, etc., and pulses, raw jute (iv) Coconut. and kindred fibre crop, cotton, etc., and does not include fruit growing, vegetable growing or keeping orchards or groves (v) Ganja, cinchona, opium and medicinal plants. or working on plantations like tea, coffee, rubber, cinchona and other medicinal plantations. for a person who is a culti­ (vi) Betel-nuts (areca). vator, write 'C' above the line and not In the dotted boxes. (vii) Flowers. Agricultural labourer - AL (viii) Roots and tubers, chillies and spices. 76. A person who works on another person's land for (ix) Vegetables. wages in money,_klnd or share should be regarded as an

295 (x) Other crops not included under cultivation. home by members of the household. A list of a few typical Household Industries Is appended to these instructions as 78. Please remember that you must use the abbrevia­ Appendix VI. tions giv~n in the instructions, namely, 'e or 'ALI. It will be evident that you will have to ask a specific question regarding 79.5 Sometimes it is likely that the person who may not the crops grown in all cases where-()ne merely says he/she is be working in his/her own Household Industry may be work­ a cultivator or an agricultural labourer. ing in another Household Industry. You should, therefore, enquire whether the person who is not working In his/her Worker in Household Industry - HHI own Household Industry Is working In any other Household Industry and record as per instructions given above. 79. For a person who returns his/her main activity as engaged in some production, processing, servicing or repair 79.6 As mentioned earlier I Household Industry should articles or goods such as handloom weaving, dyeing, carpen­ relate to production, processing, servlcing, repairing or mak­ try, bidi rolling, pottery manufacture, bicycle repainng, Ing and seiling of goods. However, a household can be en­ blacksmlthy, tailoring, etc" it has to be ascertained if it is a gaged in certain other activities collectively but these may household Industry, and If so, it should be indicated by the not qualify for being considered as HOU$ehold Industries. abbreviation 'HHI' above the line and not in the dotted boxes. 79.7 Certain activities even though conducted by mem­ 79.1 Household Industry is defined as an Industry con­ bers of the same household will not constitute a Household ducted by the head of the household himself/herself and or Industry. These are indicated below and therefore the mem­ by the members of the household at home or within the bers of the family working in such Industries will be classified village in rural areas and only within the precincts of the as 'OWl and not 'HHI'. house where the household lives in urban areas. The larger proportion of workers in household industry should consist (I) Plantation work. of members of the household including the head. The indus­ try should not be run on the scale of a registered factory (ii) livestock maintenance and production such as cat­ which would qualify or has to be registered under the Indian tle, goats, sheep breeding, poultry farms, bee-keep­ Factories Act. ing, rearing of silk worm and production of co­ coons and raw silk, production of milk, eggs, honey, 79.2 There may be an industry which is being run by a wax, bones, etc. large joint family of more than to persons where power is used or more than 20 persons where power is not used. In (iii) Hunting, trapping and selling of the catch. such cases, though only family members are involved, this will not be treated as 'H HII. Thus, the meaning of the term (Iv) Forestry and logging: log, fuel, charcoal produc­ 'run on the scale of a registered factory' refers to such cases tion, ~therlng and seiling of fodder and other for­ even if these are not registered as such. est produce, etc.

79.3 The main criterion of a Household Industry is the (v) Fishing including rearing of fish, collection of pearls, participation of one or more members of a household. This shells, sea products, etc. criterion will apply in urban areas too. Even if the industry is not actually located at home in rural areas there is greater (vi) Mining and quarring. possibility pf the members of the household participating even if it Is located anywhere within the village limits. In the urban 79.8 In our country Household Industry is a very im­ areas where organised industry takes greater prominence, portant part of our economy. We must get accurate data the Household Industry should be confined to the precincts regarding those engaged in 'HHI'. You must carefully read of the house where the participants live. In urban areas even these instructions and understand them. The main points are if the members of the household by themselves run an in­ again Indicated below. d ustry but at a place away from the precincts of their home, 'HHI' stands for worker in Household Industry. The main it will not be considered as a Household Industry. It should characteristics of the Household Industry are the following: be located within the precincts of the house where the mem­ bers live in the case of urban areas. (a) One or more members of the household must par­ ticipate. Participation by hired labour must be mini­ 79.4 Household Industry should relate to production, mum. processing, servicing, repairing or making and selling (but not merely selling) of goods. It does not include professions (b) The activity should relate to some production, such as a Pleader, Doctor, Barber, Musician, Dancer, processingI servidng, repairing or making and seil­ Waterman, Dhobi, Astrologer, etc., or merely trade or busi­ ing of goods. ness, even if such professions, trade or services are run at 296 (c) The goods produced should not be for consump­ seasons), you would have entered for him or her ~es' against tion by the household itself but should be wholly Question 14A. In Question 14B you have ascertained whether or partly for sale. the person had worked for major part of the year, i.e., for six months or 183 days or more or had not worked for the (d) In an urban area the Industry must be carried on major part of the year, i.e., less than six months or 183 in the precincts of the house in which the house­ days. In the former case you have recorded code' t' in the hold lives. In the rural areas, the industry may be box against Question 14B. In the latter case you would have carried on anywhere within" the limits of the vil­ recorded code '2' in the box against Question 14B. In the lage. latter case you would have recorded under Question 15A (paragraph 73) where It has been stated that the person may (e) The activity should not be on the scale of a Regis­ have been engaged in more than one activity and for the tered Factory. purpose of Question 1 SA, his/her main activity has been identified. If the person is a main worker, i.e., code '1' has (0 Professions such as those practised by Pleader, Doc­ been recorded in the box against Question 1 4B, his/her sec­ tor, Barber, Musician, Dancer, Dhobi, Astrologer, ondary work will be reflected in Question 15B as you will etc., will not be iHHI'. see later. For persons, who are identified as marginal work­ ers, i.e., for whom code '2' has been recorded in the box Other Workers - OW against Question 14B, their main activity would have been recorded as H/ST /DIRIB/i/O against Question 15A. The 80. All workers, those who have been engaged in t.e., details of the work done by such marginal workers will be some economic activity during the last one year, who are reflected in Question 15B. not cultivators or agricultural labourers or in Household In­ dustrr, are 'Other Workers' - 'OW', The type of workers 81.3 What is meant by main activity or the activity that that come under this category of 'OW' include factory work­ a person has been doing mostly can be easily understood ers, plantation workers, those In trade, commerce, business, from the following examples: transport, mining, construction, political or social work, all government servants, municipal employees, teachers, priests, (a) A person is a cultivator but during the non-agricul­ entertainment artists, etc. In effect, all those who work in tural season works as a construction worker or as a any field of economic activity other than cultivator, agricul­ hamali. He/she is a cultivator mainly and next turallabourer or household industry, are IOther Workers'. 'other worker'. He/she should be recorded as Ie' Theywill be entered as 'OW'. in Question 15A and 'OW' in Question 15B.

80.1 You will recall that it was mentioned that the grow­ (b) A person may have worked for less than six months Ing of certain crops is not agriculture. Those engaged in this as a cultivator. For the major part of the year, this activity would have to be classified as 'OW'. person may have been doing household work. For this person record 'H' in Question t 5Aand 'C'ln Q. 15A .. Further Explanation Question 15B.

81. In Question 15A we are trying to find out what a (c) A person may be mainly an agricultural labourer person's main aaivity is. You will see that if a person is treated but may have worked in a Khandsari sugar factory as a worker in Question 14A but he/she has not worked for during the lean season. He/shewould be 'Al' for the major part of the year, the answer in Question 14B would Question 15A and 'OW' for Question 15B. be 'No', i.e., for him/her you would have recorded '2' in the box against Question 14B. In such a case, you must find (d) A person may have worked for less than six months out what such a person has been doing mostly. He or she In a shop. For the major part of the year, this per­ may have mainly been doing household duties, or studying, son might have been a student. For this person or J dependent or rentier or beggar or lodged in an institu­ record 'ST' in Question 15Aand 'OW' in Ques­ tion or may fall under the category '0' described earlier. In tion 158. an v ),e, even forthese persons, we are interested In finding ou: heir work details, though this may not be what they (e) A person who is mainly a cultivator also keeps cows we~e mostly doing. The work details will be obtained through and sells the milk. He/she would be entered as Ie' Question 15B as we will see later. in Question 15A and 'OW' in Question 1 5B.

81.1 Question 15A gives Information about all workers These examples will help you to understand the con­ on the basis of what they have been doing mostly. cepts better;

8 t .2 Ifin reply to Question 14A, a person has said that 82. In the case of those who are mainly engaged in he/she has worked any time at all In the last one year (or Household !ndustry (HHI) or as Other Workers (OW), cer- 297 tain details should be collected regarding name of establish­ 84.1 To help you to appreciate the details that may ment, nature of industry, trade, profession or service, de­ have to be furnished to classify the economic activity appro­ scription of work, and class of worker. These details will have priately, illustrative description of various economic activi­ to be filled in Question 1SA(i) to lSA(iv). ties are furnished in Appendix YII, categorised under cer­ tain broad classification. It should, however, be noted that 82.1 As you will see from the question itself, these parts the list In Appendix YII is by no means exhaustive. You are applicable to persons for whom you have recorded 'HHI' must describe the nature of industry, profession, trade or or 'OW' against Question 1SA. If the economic activity has service or whatever it is, in as detailed a manner as possible. been shown as 'C' or 'AL' against Question 1 SA, there is no In the case of industries, the articles which are produced or need to fill in the sub-sections (i) to (iv) of this question. serviced or processed should be given. In the case of service, Similarly, if an individual has replied 'No' against Question please describe fuliy the nature of the service to which the 14B, i.e., code '2' has been recorded in the box against person belongs, except in the case of defence or similar other Question 14B, and H/ST /D/RISII/O as the case may be, personnel. has been recorded in question 15A, sub-section (I) to (iv) will not apply. In such cases a cross (X) may be put on each Q.15A(iii) : Description of Work of the lines against these sub-sections. 85. Under this question, the description of the actual Q. 15A(i) : Name of Establishment work, i.e., the occupation that the person enumerated is doing is to be recorded irrespective of the type of industry trade, 83. Record here the name of the factory, firm, work­ profession or service that he/she may be working in and shop, business house, company, shop, office, etc. In respect which is to be recorded under sub-seaion (Ii) of Question of public offices you should clearly indicate whether they are 15A. Central or State Government or local body offices, etc. If 85.1 His/her actual work of occupation should always the establishment does not have any definite name such as, be given in sufficient detail. If, for example, a person is merely in the case of a Household Industry, like hand pounding of recorded as 'clerk'with no other details, itwill be impossible rice, gur making, handloom weaving, potter's house, to properly catergorise him/her by the type of work he/she blacksmithy, etc., enter the proprietor's name and the type does. He/she may be a clerk attending to correspondence or of shop so that if necessary a link can be established between book-keeping or accounting. Similarly, if a person were merely the various sub-sections of this question. For example, in­ to be recorded as a technician, it will not help to determine stead oflNo particular name' the entry could read as IBabulal's what type of technician/mechanic he/she is, whether com­ Paint Shop'. For defence and other similar personnel as may puter technician or a motor-mechanic or a locomotive-me­ be indicated to you, put a cross (X) on the line. chanic, etc. I f a person is recorded as doing leather work, it Q. 15A(Ii) : Nature of Industry, Trade or Service will not be sufficient. It should be clearly stated whether he is a tanner, pelt dresser, fellmonger, etc. Similarly, if a person 84. The answer to this question wi!1 have to be given in says he/she is a sweeper you should find out whether he/she detail to enable proper classification of the sector of economy is a sweeper, dry; or a sweeper, wet; or a sweeper, sewer. in which the person is working. The sector of economy in The description of the actual work done by a person should which a person works may relate to (I) Plantation, Forestry, be ascertained in adequate detail and recorded against this Fishing, Livestock, etc., (ii) Mining and/or Quarrying, (iii) question. Similarly, in a trading establishment there could be Manufacturing, Processing, Servicing and Repairing, (iv) a proprietor, cashier, book-keeper, salesman, etc. Construction, (v) Electricity, Gas or Water Supply, (vi) Trans­ 85.2 It is necessary to describe the actual occupation port and Communications, (vii) Trade and Commerce, (viii) adequately. It is not enough to say that one is a Government Professions and Services. In order to enable us to classify a official. Whether one is a Bill-clerk or Section Officer, person properly, full details of the nature of the industry, Tehsildar, Police Chowkidar or Research Officer, etc, has to trade, profession or service should be given. Please avoid be spelt out. There may be Assistant Directors, Deputy Di­ vague answers. Full details of the type of industry, trade, rectors, etc., doing different functions. It is necessary to de­ profession or service in which the person is engaged will have scribe the occupation adequately in their case for proper to be recorded here. It is not enough to say 'plantation' or classification, e.g., Assistant Director (Agriculture), Assist­ Ilivestock'. You should say whether it is tea plantation or ant Director (Soil Conservation), Senior Research Officer banana plantation or sheep rearing or cattle breeding. Simi­ (Vital Statistics), Deputy Director (Health), Sub-Inspector larly, it is not enough to say Imanufacturing' or 'textile manu­ (Excise), Treasury Officer, Village Officer (Revenue), facturing'. You should say whether it is manufacturing of Panchayat Secretary, Malaria Control Officer, Traffic Inspec­ cotton textile in handloom or manufacturing khadi textile or tor (Transport Department), etc. manufacturing silk textile. Likewise mere 'trade' is not enough. It should be recorded as wholesale trading in food grains or 85.3 To guide you in answering Question 15A (iii), the pulses or retail trading in spices or grocery and so on. For type of particulars that need to be ascertained in respect of a defence and similar personnel, write IService'. few typical occupations are given in Appendix VIII. 298 85.4 Appendix VIII is by no means exchaustive. This (iii) a Single Worker, that Is, who is doing his/her work Just helps In bringing home the need to ascertain the full described in Question 15A(lIi) without employing details of the particulars of work performed by an individual others except casually, and without the help of other for being recorded against Question 15A (iii). member of the family except casually and a partici­ pant in work as member of cooperative, 85.5 It has been found in the past that a very large write ...... SW number of persons are recorded merely as 'general labour­ ers'. It is necessary to make a probe and find out in which (iv) a Family Worker, that is, who is doing his/her work type I9f work the person is mostly engaged as a labourer, described In Question 15A(Iii) in a family enterprise such as a road mazdoor, a loader or an unloader in a market, along with other membm of the family without wages a construction laboure, etc. or salary incash or kind, write ...... FW 85.6 For those in defence and similar service, it is enough if it Is merely noted as 'Service'. Other details need not be Explanation given. For other Goverfnment servants full details must be 87.1 An Employer is a person who has to employ other given and the description of the work should be as detailed as persons in order to get the work mentioned in his/her case in possible. Question 15A(iii) performed. That is to say, such a person is Important not only responsible for his/her own personal work but also for giving work to others for carrying out the activity men­ 86. There need be no confusion as to the scope of Ques­ tioned in Question 15A(ii), Please note that a person who tions 15A (ii) and 15A (iii). Question 15A (ii) would repre­ employs domestic servants for household duties is not an sent the nature of industry, trade, profession or service, i.e., employer. So also, a person who has subordinates under the sector of economy in which a person is engaged in work him/her in an offlcewhere he/she himself/herself is employed and Question 15A(iii) represents the occupation or the ac­ by others, is not an employer, even if he/she has the power tual work the person performs in the industry, trade, profes­ to appoint another person in his/her office on behalf of his/ sion or service in which he/she is engaged. Thus, for exam­ her own employer. A head of department or a local man­ ple, if the answer to Question 15A(ii) is 'cotton textile manu­ ager of company may have the pwer to apoint people, but facture in mill', the answer to Question lSA(iii) could be they are themeselves employees of someone else, in this case, 'chemical engineer' or ';bill clerk' or 'accountant' or 'la­ government orthe main offkeofthecompany, and cannot, bourer' or 'truck driver' or the 'managing director' of that therefore, be an employer. A government servant irrespec­ industry and so on. Similarly, in Question 15A(ii) the na­ tive of the post he/she holds is an 'Employee'. ture of service may be some department of State Govern­ ment Service and in Question 15A(iii) the description of 87.2 An Employee is a person who usually works under work may be 'bill clerk' or 'accountant', 'director of the some other person for salary or wages in cash or kind. There department', 'jeep driver' in the department, etc. Again, may be persons who are employed as managers, superin­ against Question 15A(iii) the answer may be 'private medi­ tendents, agents, etc., and in that capacity employ or con­ cal practice' and in Question 1 SA(iii) 'orthopaedic surgeon', trol other workers on behalf of their own employers. Such or 'nurse' or a 'sweeper', etc., working in that private medi­ persons are only employees, as explained above, and should cal practitioner's nurSing home. The sample answers furnished not be regarded as employers. Please note that a cook or in Appendix IX at the end of this booklet, the Industrial and domestic servant engaged by someone is an employee. The Occupational Classifications in Appendices VII and VIII and fact that his mast6er may himself/herself be an employee is the instructions given by your Supedrvisor and other Census irrelevant. Officers will help you to clear any doubts you may have regarding the scope of the questions relating to nature of 87.3 A Single Worker is a person who works by him­ industry, trade, profession or service covered by Question self/herself. He/she is not employed by anyone else and in 1 SA(ii) and the description of actual work of the individual his/her turn does not employ anybody else. This definition enumerated coverd by Question 15A(iii). of Single Worker will include a person who works in joint partnership with one or several persons hiring no employ­ Q.15A(iv) : Class of Worker ees, and also a member of a producer's cooperative. Ecach 87. For a person who is : one of the partners or membm of such producer's coopera­ tive should be recorded as 'Single Worker'. Political workers (i) an Employer, that is, who hires one or more per­ and social workers are to l..: treated as 'SW'. sons in his/her work descrlnbed in Question 15A(iii), write ...... ER. 87.4 A Family Worker is 1 member who works without receiving wages in cash or kind, in an industry, bUSiness, (Ii) an Employee, that is, who does his/her work de­ trade or service. For example, the working members in a Scribed in question 15A(iii) under others for wages family of dhobies where they all particiapte and each does or salary in cash or kind, write ...... EE not receive wages separately, will be family workers. There 299 may be family workers in industry, trade or professions as should be treated as 'SW'. One may come across well. Family workers must be related by ties of blood or doctors and lawyers employing certain persons on marriage but such workers can belong to different house­ regular basis in the doctor's dispensary or clinic or holds. Thus, what is important is that such workers must in the lawyer's office or chamber. In this case the necessarily be related even though they may be living in dif­ doctor or lawyer would become an 'Employer' so ferent households. The family workers mayor may not be 'ER'should be recorded. However, sometimes law­ entitled to a share of the profits in the work or the business yers have been found to take the help of dearks who carred on either by the person or head of the household or remain atached to them on a regular basis but with­ other relaive. out being formally employed on wages. The clerk usually earns his remuneration independently from 87.5 Please note the following important cases: the lawyer's clients. In such a case, both the lawyer and the clerk should be treated as Single Workers­ (a) In the case of persons engaged in Household SW. Industry,Le., In the case of persons for whom the answer to Question 1SA is 'HHI', therewill be three 88. Some illustrations for filling the Question 15Aare given classes of workers generally, viz., Family Worker, Sin­ in Appendix IX. gle Worker and Employee. There may not be a fonnal 'Employer'. Household Industry by its very defini­ Q. 15B. 'Yes' in 14B-Any other work any time last tion is conducted by the head of the household him­ ~ar?Yes (C/AlIHHI/OW) No ______self/herself and/or other memebers of the household, 'No' in 14B- Work done any time last year? (CI the role of hired workers being secondary. If the head ALlHHI/OW) along with the members of the houselhold is work­ ing in a Household Industry employing hired worker, 89. You will recall that in Question J4A you have identified the head and other members who are working should all those who have done any work at all in the last one year. In be treated as 'Family Workers'. If the head alone is Question 14B, you must have categorised them either F'( es', working with the occasional assistance of hired i.e., code' l' or 'No, i.e., code '2'. In question 15A you worker(s) whose role should be secondary as indi­ have divided these persons on the basis of what they have cated above he/she should be treated as a 'Single been mostly doing. It is quite possible that those who have Worker', although one might argue that in effect been categorise as 'c' or 'AL' or 'HHI' or 'OW' in question he/she becomes an employer. The hired workers 1SA, based on the type of work they have been doing mostly, are of course employees. may have done some other work in addition to what they have been doing mostly. Similarly, a person who has spent (b) Members of the household who help solely in house­ major part of the year doing household duties or as a student hold duties, i.e., economically non-productive work, or as a dependent or as a rentier or as a bagger or in the should not be treated as Family Workers. In fact, categories of'I' and '0' must have done some work at some they are not workers. time during the last one year. This is the information we are trying to get through Question 15B. (c) Members of a producer's cooperative society who have no other occupation or work except this, should 89.1 Please note the way in which Question 158 has be categorised as Single Worker-SW. been worded. This question deals with two separate situa­ tions. The first relates to those persons who have worked for (d) In the case of partnership in which all the partners the major part of last year and mayor may not have some are related, treat them as Family Worker-FW. The other secondary work. The second part relates to persons partnership firm mayor may not employ other, but who have worked at any time in the last year but not for the this will not change the category of the partners. major part of the year. In case of those who hzveworked In They would be 'FW'. the malor part last year, you would have entered code 'I' in Question 14B and you would have categorised them as Ie' (e) In the case of a partnership firm in which some of or 'AL' or 'HHI' or 'OW' In Question 15A. Such persons the partners are not releated treat all the partners, mayor may not have had secondary work In addition to including those that may be related, as Single their main work. If, on inquiry, you find that such a person Worker-SW. The firm mayor may not employ has had any other work any time last year, you would have others,but this will not change the category of the to enter above the line, 'C' or I AL' or 'HHI' or 'OW', de­ partners. They will all be 'SW'. pending upon the type of work and score out the answer INo' printed on the line. (f) Political workers and social workers should be treated as ISW'. 89.2 This question should be asked of every person who has returned 'Yes' against Question 14A. It Is re-empha­ (g) Doctors and lawyers who do not employ any person sised that all those who have answered F'( es' against Ques- 300 tlon 14A and for whom you have recorded I'(es' or 'No', product Is sold. A boy or a girl who Is categorised as a stu­ I.e., code 'I' or 12' In Question 148, this Question t 58, dent under Question 15A, can have a marginal work, say, should be asked without fall. cultivation, If he! she helped the head of the household In the family cultivation during some parts of the season. But If a 89.3 For a person who has worked any time last year, student, who is shown as 'ST' under Question 1SA also but ha~ not worked for the major part of the last year, you helped In weaving cloth purely for domestic consumption on would Have recorded code 12' In Question 148 and In Ques­ a loom at home, or helped In attendlngto hou~"hold chores, tion 15A you would have categorised such a person as 'H' he/she will not be treated as having any marginal work. or 1ST' or 10' or IR' or 18' or 'I' or 10'. Such a person must have done some work any time last year and thIs Is the work S9.7 Any other work or secondary, work will be reck­ which we are trying to catch In Question t 58 so far as such oned only if the person Is engaged In some economically a person is concerned. For such a person after Inquiry, you productive work, in addition to whatever is his/her activity will have to enter the appropriate category, viz., IC' or'Al' under Question 1SA.lf a person whose economic activity Is or 'HHI' or 'OW' below the line In Question 158. shown as a clerk In a government office or a teacher, also atends to some cultivation even by way of direction or su­ 89.4 In answer to this question ifthe main worker says pervision or undertakes some tuition, this will be shown as 'Yes' then you should find out the type of work and categorise 'any other work any time last year' under Question 158. A him or her as 'c' or 'Al' or 'HHI' or lOW' as the case may be. person's main activity may be cultivation and his secondary These abbreviatgions refer to Cultivators, Agricultural labour­ work may be money lending. Again, main activity may be ers, Household Industry and Other Workers and have been agricultural labourer and secondary work could be sugar fac­ fully explained earlier in the instructions under Question 15A tory labourer or vice va'}a. in paragraphs 75 to 80. You may refer to these again before recording the appropriate category above the line. It is suffi­ 89.8 After it Is established that the person is doing some cient If you write the category above the line. If the respondent work and he or she has been recorded accordingly In gives reply in the negatlvelHhourif be indicated by the word Questgion 158 in any of the categories ofC, AL, HHI, OW, 'No' above the line. Please do not make any entry in the you have to proceed further and fill up the details of the sub­ dotted box. sections of Question 1 58(1) to (Iv) in respeet of entries 'HHI' or 'OW' only. The instructions for filling up the details in 89.5 This question is meant to elicit information on the these sub-sections will be the same as given under Question secondary or marginal work which a person might have done 15A and are explained In detail In paragraphs 83 to 87. any time at all during the last one Year, apart from the main work Please refer to Appendix IX for some illustrations for fill­ or other activity which will have corne out in Question 15A It Is Ing the Question 158. For those who are recorded as 'c' or obvious that, irrespective ofwhether-the answer is 'Yes' or 'AL' or for whom you have entered 'No'in Question 158, 'No/,i.e., code II' or '2' in Question 148, there could be an you have to put a cross 'X' against these sub-sections on the answer in Question 1 58 because a main worker may have done line. some other work or a marginal worker who has not worked for the major part of the last year, might have done some work 90. Some illustrations for recording answers against Ques­ occasionally. This therefore, sould give us details of second­ tions 15A and 158 are given in Appendix X. You are arywork or margianl work. advised to study these instructions and illustrations before starting actual enumeration and also consult these and the 89.6 Ask of each person if, besides what he/she had al­ instructions whenever you are in doubt during field opera­ ready returned as his/her main activity against Question 15A, tions about what to record as the answers. he/she participated in any other work or did any work any time last year. A numnber of unpaid family workers participat- Important ing in household enterprises whose main activity has b'een recorded as 'H'or 'ST' or 'R' under Question 15A will be netted 91. It must particularly be noted that if there is an entry here for their involvement in such economic activity. Except in 'No',I.e., code '2' in Question 148 and H/ST10/RlB/1/0 as the CUltivation, mere rendering of service for one's own home or case may be, in Question 15A, there mu~e an entry in Ques­ production of goods for purely domestic consumption are tlon t 58 and this cannot be blank or cross (X). This is because not to be treated as economic activity. For example, a serv- the work of a person who has worked any time at all last year, ant who works as a cook In his or her employer's home for and has been entered as 'Yes' in Question 14A, must be re- wages will be considered economically active but, a person fleeted somelNhere. Since the person has not worked in major even ifhe/she may work much more than a paid servant in part of the year as reHected by/2'ln Question 148and also HI having to cook for the family or looking after the household STIO/RlB/I/O as the case may be, in Question 1SA, the work will not be treated as economically active for the purposes of done by him/her and netted In Question 14A, must therefore, this classification. Siumilarly, persons who may produce cloth be reflected In Question 158. Again, for a person who has on a loom at home for domestic consumption will not be worked In major part of the year and for whom code 'I' has treated as economically active unless at least a part of the been recorded in Question 14&3, you may have recorded as 301 'C' or'AL' or 'HHI' or 'OW' for his main activity in Ques­ applicable. tion I SA. It is quite possible that he/she may have done some other work, though not on the scale of main activity. Q. 16B : If 'Yes' In 16A, have you ever worked This secondary work should also be reflected in Question before? Yes( 1 )/No(2) 15B. You will thus appreciate that probing questions are es­ sential and you must ask questions again and again to find 93. This question will be asked of those persons who have replied 'Yes' In Question 16A. If the person replies out the secondary work of main workers and margianl work in the case of those for whom code '2' had been recorded in that he/she had worked anytime before, you have to record 'I' in the bQX..Proyided. In case his/her reply is 'No' i.e., hel the box against Question 14B and record the same in Ques­ she had never worked any time, you have to record '2' In tion t 5B. the box. Cross (X) may be put in the box in case the Ques­ 91.1 It would follow that if the answer to Question 14A tion is not applicable. is 'No', i.e., you have recorded H/ST/D/RiB/I/O, as the Summary case may be, there will be a cross (X) in the box for Ques­ tion 14B and on the lines against each of the Questions 1SA 94. It would be useful to summarise the main points with including sub-sections and 15B including sub-sections. regard to the economic questions, i.e., Question 14A, 14B, 15A, 15B, 16Aand 16B. These are indic.1ted below: Q. 16A : If 'No' in 14A, seeking/availalble for work? Yes (t )/No (2) (0 In question 14A we are finding out if a person has worked any time at all last year. The word 'year' In­ 92. This question is intended to elicit some information cludes all the seasons for agricultural and associated on the number of unemployed. If an individual has replied activities. Even marginal workers and unpaid workers that helshe has not worked at all last year under Question In farm or in family enterprise must be covered by this 14A and you have recorded 'No' against this question you question. have to ask from him or her whether he or she is seeking work or available for work. This question should be asked of (Ii) If the answer to Question 14A is 'No', then catego­ all persons for whom you have recorded H/ST /D/RiB/I/O rise as HIST ID/R/BII/O. in Question 14A. Seeking work means that the person may have got himseif/herself registered in the employment ex­ (iii) The work on the basis of which 'Yes' is recorded In change or he/she may be applying for jobs or he/she may Question 14A may be the main work of a person, i.e., have made other efforts for a job, such as looking into the what he/she had done for the major part of the last nlWspaper advertisements with a view to applying for a job, year. Ifso, 'Yes', i.e., code '1' in Question 14B and CI the intention being in suitable cases, this person will offer AL/HHI/OW,ln Question 15Awould have been re­ himself/herself as a candidate. It may be remembered that corded. If this person had not done this work for the seeking work is more applicable in urban areas where there malor part of the year 'No', i.e., code '2' in Question are facilities of employment exchanges and greater aware­ 14BandHiST/D/RiBlIIO,inQuestion 15A'AOOldhave ness about availability of jobs. In rural areas, there may be been recorded. These details are recorded In Ques­ no facilities of employment exchanges. The person may be tion lSA available for work but not actually seeking work either be­ cause of lack of knowledge of work being available or ab­ (Iv) Secondary work or the marginal work of those recorded sence of employment exchanges. as CI AL/HHIIOW or as H/ST /DIRlB/I/O respea:ively In Question 15A is obtained through Question 15B. 92.1 As mentioned earlier, we are mainly interested in ob­ taining information on the unemployed. You may come across (v) Note that if a person has been entered as 'Yes' In people who already held jobs or do not normally want to take Question 14A, 'No', I.e., code '2' in Question 14B, up employment but may give you such general answers that there must be an entry such as CI AL/HHI/OW, in they would not mind taking up work if the salary is attractive Question 15B. enough. We are not interested in such persons since they obviously are already employed or are not really job seek­ (vI) Question 16A Is to be asked of all those for whom ers. You will have to make a probe to get the facts. However, 'No' has been written In Question 14A. generally speaking, If in answer to this question, a person says that he is seeking or is available for work, you must (viI) Question 16B Is to be asked of those for whom 'Yes' enter code '1 ' In the box. has been written In Question 16A 92.2 If the person replies that helshe is seeking or avail­ able for work, you have to record '1' in the box provided. In (vlii)Detalls of name of establishment, industry, occupa­ case his/her reply Is 'No' you have to record '2' in the box. tion and class of worker, in Questions 15Aand 15B Cross (X) may be put in the box in case the Question is not need be entered only for 'HHI' and 'OW'. 302 Important or non-HHI depending on whether the household Is Involved mainly In trade or manufacturing and tak­ 95. You must read the explanations and instructions on ing into consideration the definition of 'HHI'. the economic questions very carefully, Questions 14A, 14B, 15A and 15B should be canvassed together, otherwise, the Q. 17A : Whether you are an Ex-Serviceman? full and correct answers will not be available and you may Yes{ 1 )/No(2) have to make corrections. It is advisable to ask questions covering Questions 14A, 14B, 15A and 15B together and 97. The answer to this question will have to be filled In then fill up the details. respect of every person whether male or female. If the per­ son says that he/she Is an ex-serviceman, the answer to this 96. Certain situations would call for some explanation so question will be 'Yes' and code '1' Is to be recorded In the that the enumerator is clear in his/her mind regarding classify­ box. On the contrary, if the answer to this question is 'No', ing such activities. A few typical cases are indicated below: code '2' is to be recorded in the box.

(a) If a sweet-meat maker, i.e., a Halwai makes sweets and 97.1 An'ex-servicernan' means a person who has served sells them also, this would be manufacturing and can in the regular Army, Navy, Air Force or Territorial Army be a 'H HI' too in appropriate cases. (but not dismissed or discharged on account of misconduct or inefficiency). It excludes the Assam Rifles, Defence Secu­ (b) If a person only sells sweets, having brought them rity Corps, General Reserve Engineering Force (GREF), Lok from some other place, he would be carrying on a Sahayak Sena (LSS) and other para-military Forces like the trade and this would not be a manufacturing industry. Border Security Force (BSF), Central Industrial Security Force (c) In many cases there are what are called tea shops, (CISF), Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) and the Central dhabas, chat shops, etc., where eatables are prepared Reserve Police Force (CRPF). and sold. For example, in dhaba, substantial meals such as chapaties, dal, etc., are prepared and sold. Q. 17B: If IYes' in 17A, Pensioner (l)/Non­ This will not be an industry. It will be classified as pensioner (2) service, namely, running eating place. Therefore, even if a household carried on this activity it will not be 98. This question will be asked for ex-servicemen only classified as 'HHI', but only as 'OW'. i.e., those who have replied Iyes' in Question 1 7A and for whom code '1 ' has been recorded in the box. If he/she Is (d) In many places, there are persons who keep small elec­ receiving pension, code '1' is to be recorded in the box and trical or hand mixers or fruit crushers and crush fruits if he/she is not receiving any pension, code '2' is to be re­ to sell the juice. In such cases since the juice is pro­ corded in the box. Cross (X) may be put In the box in case duced for consumption on the spot and is not bottled the Question is not applicable. as ,uch for sale, such unit are carrying on trade and not manufacturing. Therefore, even if a household 98.1 It may be noted that code '1' is to be recorded carries on this business this would not be 'HHI', but only in case of those who are receiving pension as ex-service­ 'OW'. On the other hand, if there are manufacturing men. A person who after serving regular Army, Navy, Air units, whether big or small, which bottle juice and sell Force or Territorial Army has retired from a civil or private it as bottled, this would be manufacturing and should service and drawing pension only from his/her later employ­ be classified as industry. ment will not be treated as 'Pensioner' for this Question. However, if a person is drawing pension both as ex-service­ (e) Tailoring is an industry and a member of household man and civilian, he/she will be treated as Pensioner and that carries on tailoring on househol,d industry basis code '1' will be recorded in the box. can beclassitled as 'HHI'. 98.2 Somequidelines for determining whether a person (f) There may be cases of a person who sells cloth and is an ex-serviceman are given in Appendix XII. This will help also provides tailoring services. In such cases, the you in this regard. It will be seen from these quidelines that a person may be asked which activity he considers person will be treated as an ex-serviceman ifhe/she has re­ more Important, i.e., the one on which he spends tired from service in regular Army, Navy, Air Force, etc., more time. If he says that he considers selling of and is in receipt of pension or had received gratuity only and cloth Is more important than he is carrying on a not pension at the time of his/her retirement. In case he/she trade. On the other hand, if the tailoring business is is not in receipt of pension or had not received any gratuIty more important to him th" J1 the sale of cloth, such at the time of retirement, he/she will be treated as an ex­ a person should then he considered as manufactur­ serviceman if he/she retired before 1st July, 1987 after ren­ ing. If a household carries on a business of this kind, dering more than five years of service in Army, Navy Air the household members will be considered as 'HHI' Force, etc. 303 Important status of the place of birth In comparison with a know town In the neighbourhood of the place of enumeration. You may 98.3 After filling in the answers to Questions 1 7A and mention some Important urban characteristics to enable the 17B of the Individual Slip, you would know whether the per­ person to make out If the place of his/her birth Is rural or son Is an ex-serviceman or not and if ex-servlceman, whether urban, e.g., existence of a local administrative body, indus­ the person is drawing a pension or not. trial townships declared as towns, etc. 98.4 You are now required to make certain entries in For a person born in a village, write '1' in the box. the Household Schedule for the purposes of tabulation. If code '1' has been recorded in Question 17A of the Indi­ For a person born in a town/city, write '2' in the box. vidual Slip, you have to put a tick mark (.t) in col. 1 of the Household Schedule against the serial number of the person For a person born In a foreign country, put 'X' In the being enumerated. Furtheryou havetowrite'P'withln brack­ box against this sub-part and also against sub-part (c) on the ets after the name of the person in col. 2 of the Household line. Schedule if the ex-serviceman is drawing a pension, i.e., code 101.1 If all efforts to classify the place of birth as rural/ '1' has been recorded in Question 17B and 'NP' in case the urban fall, write 'not known' on the line. ex-serviceman is not a pensioner, i.e., code '2' has been recorded in Question 17B of the Individual Slip. Q. 18(c) : District 98.S No entries are required to be made in the House­ 102. For a person who was born outside the village or hold Schedule in case the person Is not an ex-serviceman, t(MIn of enumeration, i.e., for whom 'PL' is not written against i.e., code '2' has been recorded in Question 17 A of the sub-part (a), you have to fill in this sub-part after enquiry. Individual Slip. 102.1 For a person born outside the village or town of MIGRATION enumeration but within the district of enumeration, write 'D' on the line. Q. t 8 : Birth Place 102.2 For a person born In another district of the State 99. Certain details regarding the place In which the per­ of enumeration, or in a district In some other State/Union son enumerated was bom are to be collected and entered in Territory In the country, write the name of the district. Ifthe the sub"Parts of this question. For defence and similar per­ person cannot name the district, write 'not known'. sonnel as may be indicated to you, this question and Its sub­ parts are not applicable. The explanation and instructions as 102.3 For a person born outside India, put cross (X) to how the four sub-parts are to be filled are as follows: against this sub-part. Q. 18(.1) : Place of Birth Q. 18(d) : State/Country 103. For persons born within the State of enumeration, 100. Write 'PL' for person bomln village or town where write 'X' against this sub-part on the line. Make sure that the he/she is being enumerated. Where 'PL' is noted against this earlier entries made in sub-parts (a), (b) and (c) are consist­ question, cross (X) is to be put in the box against sub-part ent with such an answerj for example, 'Pl' might have al­ (b) and Oil the lines against sub-parts (c) and (d). ready bt.'en written against sub-part (a) or 'D', Is written against _ 100.1 For those born outside the village or town of sub-part (c) or any other district of the State of enumeration enumeration write the actual name of the place against sub­ is mentioned against sub-part (c). , part (a) and till the other details against sub-parts (b), (c) t 03.1 For persons born outside the State of enumera­ and (d). For a person born on the high sea, put corss (X) on tion but within the country, write the name of the State/ (the lines against sub-parts (3) and (c) and in the box against Union Territory where born. sub-part (b) and record 'born at sea' against sub-part (d). 103.2 For those born outside India, note merely the 100.2 In Indicating the birth place, only full name of name of the country and there is no need to enter the name town or village would have to be Indicated and not hamlet or of the constituent state of the foreign country. Where a per­ mohalla/ward names. The name of a ward/hamtet should son cannot name the country, the name of the continent not be entered but the name of the town/village to which it imy be noted. belongs should be entered. 103.3 For a person born on the high seas, record 'born Q. 18(b) : Rural (I)/Urban (2) at sea', against this sub-part and put 'X' against sub-parts (a), (b) and (c). 101. For those born outside the village or town of enu­ meration ascertain if the place of birth Is a village or town at 103.4 If a person was born in a train, boat or bus or present. To '.:nable a person to determine whether the place aircraft, etc., within the country write the particulars in sub­ Is a town or a village, he/she rr.ay be required to indicate the part (a), (b) and (c) with reference to the administrative 304 territory where the event occured or was registered. place of last residence for the child, though the place where the hospital is, will not be the place of the last residence of Q. 19 : last Residence the mother.

104. The answer to this question will have to be filled in Q. 19(a) : Place of last Residence respect of every person if he/she had another place of normal residence irrespective of his/her place of birth, before he/ 105. For a person who has been in the village or town she came to the present place where he/she is enumerated. of enumeration continuously since birth (except for shifting Even if a person was born at the place of enumeration but to other place outside the village or town of enumeration for because of his/her work or for studies, etc., he/she had shifted a purely temporary stay), write 'PL' against sub-part (a) and subsequently to another village or town and had come back put cross (X) In the box against sub-part (b) and on the lines again to the place of enumeration, he/she should be deemed against sub-parts (c) and (d). But for a person who had his to have had another place of residence prior to his/her enu­ last previous residence at any place outside the village or meration here. For defence and similar personnel, this q ues­ town of enumeration (irrespective of his place of birth), write tion is not applicable. the actual name of the village or town or his actual previous residence against this sub-part (a) and fill the other details 104.1 The immediate previous village or town of resi­ againstsub'parts (b), (c) and (d). dence is relevant only if he/she had been outside the village or town of enumeration and not simply in another house or Q. t 9(b) : Rural (t )/Urban (2) locality in the same place. For example, if a person born in 106. For a person who had previously resided outside one part of Bombay City Is found residing in another part of the place of enumeration, ascertain if the place of last previ­ Bombay at the time of enumeration, the change of residence ous residence is rural or urban and record the answer. For a should not be treated as change of place of residence be­ person whose last previous residence Is a town/city, write cause both the areas are within the same city of Bombay. '2' in the box, and for 'Rural', write '1'. For a person who Similarly a person born in hamlet 1 of village Rampur and last resided in a foreign country, put cross (X) in the box. found in hamlet 2 of the same village at the time of enumera­ tion, should not be deemed to have had another place of 106.1 For person whose immedite previous residence residence than the village where he/she is enumeated. Where cannot be clssified, write 'not known'. a person had merely gone out to another place or had been 106.2 Rural or urban status has to be determined with shifting from place to place purely on tour or pilgrimage or reference to the status existing at the time of enumeration. for temporary business purposes, he/she should not be deemed to have had another residence different from the Q. t 9(c) : District place where he/she or his/her family normally resides. In the case of person who is enumerated elsewhere than in his 107. For a person who had previously resided in an­ normal place of residence because of eligibility criteria laid other pice, i.e., for whom 'Pl' is not written against sub-part down in paragraph 1 7. t, the place of his Immediate previ­ (a) you have to fill in this sub-part after enquiry. ous normal residence will be recorded as the place of last 1(fl. t For a person who previously resided in another residence. Similarly, If a person Is enumerated at a place villge or town within the district of enumeration, write 'D'. other than his place of birth and if he had no other place of normal residence before coming to the place of enumera­ 107.2 For a person who previously resided in another tion, the place of birth would be the place of last residence. district of the State/Union Territory of enumeration or in a district in any other State/Union Territory in the country, t 04.2 It would not be possible to specify the duration write the name of the district. If he/she cannot name the 'Of stay which will qualify for reckoning last residence. The district, write 'not known'. circumstances of each case would have to be taken Into con­ sideration in deciding whether a person has had a last resi­ 107.3 For a person whose last previous residence was dence or not. For example, an officer who has been trans­ outside India, write 'X' against this sub-part. ferred for a short period must be considered as moving from Q. 19(d) : State/Country his/her place of previous posting which would become hls/ her place of last residence, irrespective of his/her stay in the 108. For a person whose last previous residence was new posting. However, temporary movement like women outside the village or town of enumeration but within the moving into a hospital for delivery, a person moving into a State or Union Territory of enumeration, put cross (X) against hospital for treatment, etc., at a place other than their usual this sub-part but if it was outside the State or Union Terri­ residence, will be Ignored and these places will not be treated tory of enumeration but within the country write the name as the last residence. In the case of a child born In a hospital of the State/Union Territory. Make sure that the earlier en­ into whcih the mother has moved temporarily for delivery tries made In sub-parts (a), (b) and (c) are consistent with which is different from the usual place of residence of the such an answer, for example, 'Pl' might have already been mother, the place where the hospital Is, will be treated as the written against sub-part (a) or 'D' is written against sub-part 305 (c) or any other district of the state of enumeration is men­ up/running a business. The word 'business' refers to an eco­ tioned against sub-part (c). nomic activity involving risk-taking either on own account or in partnership with others. Please note 'business' is different 108.1 For a person whose last previous residence was from job or employment for which wages/salary is received outside the country write the name of the country and if In cash or kind. For 'business' you have to enter code 12' in name of the country is not forthcoming, write the name of the box. the continent. 112. A person can be said to have moved for educational Q. 20 : Reasons for migration from place of last purposes if he or she has moved to the pice of enumeration residence from his/her place of last residence, for joining a school/ college or any other type of educational institution either for 109. The question will be asked in the case of a person the frrst time or for continuing his/her studies. For such a for whom information has been recorded in Question 19 peson, code 13' has to be given. However, please note that if i.e., last residence. However, please notE! that this questio~ this particulr person has moved along with his/her family will not be canvassed in the case of those for whom you may have written 'PL' against pice of last residence. This is be­ because the entire. family has moved due to any reason, you must note that thiS person has not moved for educational cause they have had no pice of last residence. In all the other purposes. In such a case the right code to be entered will be cases you must find out the reasons for migration from the code 14' namely IFamily moved'. place of 1st residence and note the reasons by entering the appropriate code. The codes which must be entered for the 113. The reason 'Family moved' code '4' will refer to cases various reasons for migration are as follows: where the entire family moves. Such cases will come up if the (a) Employment head of the household or the person on whom the family is dependent has moved due to any reason such as transfer, etc. (b) Business 2 There are cases where one or more members of the family (c) Education 3 move along with the person who has moved in search of employment or education or for other reasons. While the (d) Family moved 4 person who has moved for a particulr reason will be assigned the appropriate code, the other members who moved along (e) Marriage 5 with that person will be assigned code '4', i.e., 'Family moved'. (f) Natural calamities like diought, floods, etc. 6 114. If a person has moved consequent on getting married (g) Others '7 assign code '5' for that person. If a person has moved becaus~ of natural calamities like drought, floods, etc., assign code'6' 109.1 These codes have been printed at the bottom of for that person. the Slip. You must enter a code depending on the reasons for migration in the box against this question. For defence 115. Code 17' IOthers' will include all other reasons for and similr personnel as may be indicated to you this ques­ migration not covered by employment, business, education, tion will also not apply, since you will not have canvassed the family moved, marriage and natural calamities like drought, Questions 18 and 1 9 of the Slip. Cross (X) may be put in floods, etc. This may include cases like movement due to retire­ the box in case the Question is not applicalbe, i.e., 'PL' or ment, displacement, etc. cross (X) has been noted in Question 19(a). 110. A person will have moved for employment in the 116. It is Important to note that the reasons for migra­ following cases: tion are being noted for each person separately. Therefore, in the same household, there may be cases where the rea­ (a) If he or she has moved in search of a job or hoping sons for migration are different for different members of the to get.a job. household. For example, if the head of the household is pro­ moted and transferred, in his/her slip against Question 20 (b) Because he/she has got a job and has moved to take you will have to assign code' l' because his/her movement up the job. is consequent on employment while the spouse and other (c) Having already got a job, he/she has moved 'be­ dependents should be assigned code '4' because the family cause of a transfer, even if this is on promotion: moves. There are also cases, particulrly from the rural areas to urban areas, where a boy or a girl moves to a town or city 110.1 I f a person has moved for any of these reasons, fJr higher studies and in order to look after him or her an record code '1' in the box. elderly person also moves. In such a case, in the case of the 111. A person can be said to have moved for 'business' person who moves for higher studies the reason for migra­ if he or she has moved to the place of enumeration from his/ tion will be 'Education' code '3' while In the case of elderly her palce of last residence for joining a business or setting person, the reason will be IOthers' code 17'. If in case the entire family has moved along with the student, for all the 306 other members of the family you will have to assign code '4' never been married. Please note that the term 'ever married' 'Family moved'. It is, therefore, necessary for you to make does not necessarily mean' currently married'. The 'ever­ careful enquiries and not to get confused with the different married' would include all women who may be currently reasons which may be applicalbe to different persons of the married, the widowed, the separate and the divorced. This same household. question, in other words, will be asked of all women except those who are 'Never Married'. For all women for whom 117. In particulr, please note that you must make de­ 'M' or 'W' or '5' is entered in Question 5 of the Slip, this tailed enquiries in the case of any unrelated members of the question will be asked. In the case of women who are 'NM' households, such as cook, servant, etc. In their cases, their in Question 5 of the Slip, put cross (X) in the boxes In all movement from the pice of last residence may have been parts of this question. due to employment. Similarly, in the case of those members of the household who are rather distantly related to the head Q. 22(a) : Age at marriage of the household, you must also make such detailed enquir­ ies. 122. You should ascertain the age at which the woman, whom you are enumerating, was married and record that t t 8. It must be remembered that the reason 'Family age in completed years. If a woman has been married more moved' code '4' can only come up in cases where some than once, the age at which she got married for the first time other member of the family has moved for any of the other should be recorded. reasons mentioned in the Slip. The members of the family moved because either the head of the household or the per­ Q. 22(b) : Number of children surviving at present son on whom the family depends has moved because of 123. In this question, you will have to find out how employment or for any other reason. many of the children born are still surviving, i.e., at the time t 1 9. Please note that in the case of every person who of enumeration. has come into India from any other country as a result of 123.1 Please note that the children need not necessarily partition or has been repatriated, the reasons for migration be staying with the mother, i.e., the woman you are enu­ wili be noted as 'Others' cod.: 7' and not any other code. merating. They may be elsewhere due to any reason. What Q. 2 i : Duration of residence at the village or town is important is whether they are alive, not where they live. of enumeration They may be any where, even outside the country. The im­ portant point is the number alive. 120. Note here the period in completed years of the continuous residence in the village or town where the person 123.2 Having ascertained this number, enter the details is being enumerated. This will apply even to a person born at by sex and total in the boxes provided. the pice of enumeration. But this question does not apply to t 23.3 If there are no male or female children surviving defence and similr personnel. at the time of enumeration, write '0' in the appropriate box 120.1 If he/she had left this villge or town and has lived or boxes. elsewhere for sometime, i.e., in Question 19 another place Q. 22{c) : Number of children ever born alive of last residence is reported and has come back to this villge or town, then the duration of residence to be noted against 124. You should ascertain the total number of children this question is the period of the lateSt continuous residence. that the woman you are enumerating gave birth to from the But If a person had been away on a temporary visit or tour, time she got married. If married, more than once, all the etc., that should not be taken as a break in the period of his/ children born to her should be ascertained. her continuous residence here. 124.1 The number of children born would include all 120.2 If the person was born at the place of enumera­ children born alive, even if later unfortunately any child died. tion and also had no other place of last residence, i.e., 'PL' Many persons, specially older people may only count chil­ has been noted in Question t 9(a), then cross (X) may be dren living with them. It is, therefore, essential to enquire put against Question 2 t in the box. about the number of children living at home, those living elsewhere and also those who were born alive but who are t 20.3 For a person whose duration of continuous resi­ unfortunately not alive now. Even if the child died within a dence at the place of enumeration is less than t year, write flW hours ofhis/her birth, he/she should be included in the '0' In the box. count. Still births, I.e., children born dead should not be FERTILITY included in counting this number of children ever born. You will have to ask politely but appropriate questions for getting Q. 22 ! For all ever married women only this information. t 21. This question will be asked in the case of all ever­ 124.2 You should ensure that all live births are ascer­ married women. It will not be asked for a woman who has tained irrespective of whether the children are alive now.

307 124.3 It is our experience that the birth of a child may "It has been found in some houses that a child was born not be reported readily if the child is not actually living at the and had died soon after or a few days or months later and time of enumeration. The children who are born but may such cases had not been reported. It is my hope that there have died before the enumeration may not be indicated by are no such cases here. Am I right ?" the respondent ur.ll~u

ENUMERATION OF HOUSELESS POPULATION AND REVISIONAL ROUND

130. The enumeration of the houseless population will 134. Please remember that Household Schedule will be have to be carried out in the block assigned to you. The filled for each houseless household In the manner explained houseless popultion can be found in any place and they should in paras 16 to 29 of this booklet. Thereafter, you will have not be omitted. to fill up the Individual Slip for each member of the house­ hold, as per instructions given In paragraphs 30 to 129. 131. The Revlsional Round, the instructions for which Thereafter, you will be required to fill in columns 8 to 34 of are part of this chapter, must be carried out in your block. the Household Schedule as per instructions given later. This Is because the revisional round Is an extremelylmpor­ tant and essential step in the total process of·enumeration Revisional Round and It is only after the revlslonal round is over that the cor­ rect popultlon figures will be availble. Therefore, do not ne­ 135. You have been told under paragraph 12 and para­ glect to carry out the revlslonal round of the block which graph 13 of this booklet that in the next flvedays, i.e., from you are enumerating ... March 1, 1991 to March 5, 1991, you will have to revisit all the households in your jurisdiction and record any new Enumeration of th~ Houseless births that had taken place after your last visit, but before the sunrise of March I, 1 991 and any visitor(s) that had moved 132. As stated earlier in paragraph 13 of this booklet, into the household and who· had been away from his/her/ you will be required to enumerate the houseless popultion in their pice of normal residence throughout the enumeration your enumeration I1I0ck(s) on the night of February 28, period, I.e., from February 9, 1991- to February 28, 1991, 1991. In order to do this, it would be necessary for you to or an entire household that has moved into your jurisdiction complete the enumeration of all the persons in all the house­ during this period and which has not been enumerated any­ holds living in census houses in your jurisdiction between where before. At this point, you may recall the instructions February 9 and February 28, 1991. During this period, given in paragraph 17 of this booklet where instructions about you will have taken note of the possible places where houseless persons eligible to be enumerated in a particular household popultion is likely to live, such as on the roadside, pave­ have been given. ments, in hume pipes, under staircases, or In the open, tem­ ple, mandaps, platforms and the like. On the night of Febru­ 136. It is important to remember the following in this ary l8/March 1, 1991, but before sunrise of March 1, connection: 1991, you will have to quickly cover all such houseless house­ holds and enumerate them. If there is likely to be a very Irge (1) If you are enumerating a new household in your number of house less persons in your jurisdiction whom you block during the revisional round, please recall the may not be able to enumerate single-handed in one night, instructions given In paragraph 20 and Serial number you should report to your Supervisor In advance, so that of household and updating and filling up of Abridged one or more extra enumerators can be deputed to assist you Houselist, as given in Appendix V. In the one-night enumeration of such houseless persons. You should keep particular watch on the large settlements of no­ (2) In respect of every new birth, you should make sure madic population who are likely to camp on the outskirts of that you give the correct Location Code including the village. These people will have to be covered on the night the Serial number of household, fill up an Individual of February 28, 1991. You should of course make sure that Slip and make necessary entries in the Household these persons have not been enumerated elsewhere. Schedule concerned. Also correct the entry in QUes­ tion 23 of the Slip pertaining to the mother of the 133. At this point, please read the instructions about child whom you are enumerating during the updating and filling up of the Abridged Houselist, given in revlslonal round. Please make sure that the birth Appendix V. You will be required to enter the details of the has taken pice before the sunrise of March 1, 1991. houseless households in Section 3 of the Abridged Houselist in the manner described therein. Also please recall the in­ (3) You will have to ascertain if any death had unfortu­ structions given in paragraph 21 of this booklet where you nately taken pice In any of the households since your have been told that for houseless households, you should 1st visit and the sunrise of March I, 1991 and can­ record 'O'in bold letters. In giving the Serial number of the cel the Individual Slip of the dead person writing household, you will have to indicate the Serial number of the boldly across it as 'died'. Please remember to make household with a prefix '0' separated by adash (-), as necessary correction in the Household Schedule explained In the instructions given in Appendix V. concerned.

309 137. If you have exhausted the entire Household Sched­ Working Sheet for preparing the Enumerator's Abstract, (2) ule for recording the particulrs of any household and it be­ filling up of the Enumerator's Abstract, (3) filling up of Sec­ comes necessary to record a new birth or visitor, then you tion 1 of the Abridged Houselist and (4) handling over all will fill in another Household Schedule form in continuation documents to your Supervisor, the documents being the of that Household Schedule, taking care that the Location Notional Map, the Layout Sketch, all filled in Household Code and other partlculrs are noted in the second House­ Schedule books, all filled In Individual Slip pads, filled in and hold Schedule form properly. In such a case, please write on updated Abridged Houselist, the Working Sheets for prepar­ the top right hand corner of the fresh Household Schedule ing the Enumerator's Abstract, the filled in Enumerator's 'continued' and note the Book and Form number of the con­ Abstract and all blank Household Schedule books, Individual nected Household Schedule. Similrly, on the connected Sched­ Slip pads and other blank forms. ule note the word 'continued' and give the Book and Form number of the additional Household Schedule form. 140. In addition, you have to collect the filled in Post­ graduate Degree Holder and Technical Personnel Schedules 138. Changes made in the Household Schedule like ad­ from the households and individuals for whom you had is­ ditions for new births or recording of visitors or deletion of sued these schedules vide instructions given in paragraph 50. entry In respect of deaths, should be done neatly and conse­ You have to hand over the filled in scheduled to your Super­ quential changes in the total should be made. It is this final visor. You will also be required to return the blank Post­ total that must be entered in the bottom of the Household graduate Degree Holder and Technical Personnel Schedules Schedule. remaining surplus with you together with a statement (in the form given at Appendix XI) giving an account of the number 139. You are now set for taking up the desk work at of blank forms given to you, number of forms issued to eligi­ home in connection with the census enumeration that you ble persons in the households, number of filled in schedules have just completed. These are, as you will recall from para­ collected and number of blank forms returned to the Super­ graph 12 of this booklet, (1 ) filling up of the Enumerator's visor.

310 CHAPTER IV

FILLING UP OF THE HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE COLUMNS 8 TO 34

t 4 t . As mentioned in the instructions relating to the Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe written against Ques­ filling up of columns t to 7 of the Household Schedule, tion 10 of the Individual Slip. Please do not make any mis­ columns 8 to 34 of the Household Schedule have to be en­ take in copying out the correct spelling of the name of Sched­ tered with reference to the entries in the Individual Slip. For uled Caste or Scheduled Tribe. Please also ensure that name each member of the household, you will have filled up an of Scheduled Caste will be entered in column 11 of House­ Individual Slip. You will be required to copy out or to enter hold Schedule If Code 'I ' is copied in column 10 of House­ the relevant particulars from the Individual Slip in the line hold Schedule. Similarly the name of the Scheduled Tribe relating to that person in column 8 to column 34 of the will be entered in column 11 of Household Schedule if code Household Schedule. The following instructions tell you how '2' is copied in column 10 of Household Schedule. to do this. t 48. It must be noted that if there Is a cross (X) against 142. Please note that you should not allow this work to Question 9 of the Individual Slip for the person entered in fall into arrears. You must fill up these columns in the case of column 2 of the Household Schedule the corresponding col­ those households whom you have enumerated each day at umn t 1 of the Household Schedule should be left blank. the end of the day itself. This would save you a lot of trouble and will also ensure that there are no errors. Cols. 12 & 22 : Literate

1 43. It would be noticed that columns 12 to 21 relate 149. For the person entered in column 2 of Household to males and columns 22 to 31 relate to females. Column 1 Schedule, check from the corresponding Individual Slip placed between columns 1 7 and 1 8 is a mere copy of col­ whether '1' is recorded in the box against question 11. If so, umn 1 already entered by YOll. This is repeated on the right put a tick (.I) under column 12 for male or a tick mark side of the Household Schedule to facilitate your work, by under Col. 22 for female in the corresponding line. obviating the need to trace back the entries for columns 18 onwards to column 1 on the left side of Household Sched­ Cols. 13 & 23 : Illiterate ule. The instructions that follow will indicate how the entries from the Individual Slip should be carried over to the appro­ 150 As in the previous paragraph, check if '2' is reo priate columns (8-34) of the Household Schedule. corded in the box against Question 11 of the Individual Slip for the person entered in column 2 of Household Schedule Cot. 8 : Mother Tongue and if so, give tick (.I) mark under column 13 for male or a tick mark under Col. 23 for female in the corresponding 144. For the person entered in column 2 of Household line. Schedule, the /Tlother tongue written against Question 6 of the Individual Slip should be copied in Col. 8 of the House­ Cols. 14 & 24 : Entry in Q. 14A of Individual Slip hold Schedule. IYes'

Col. 9 : Religioh 151. For the person entered in column 2, check whether 145. For the person entered in column 2 of Household 'Yes' is recorded against Question 14A of the correspond­ Schedule, check if H, M, C, S, Band J or actual religion ing Individual Slip. If the person is a male, put tick (/') under returned by the person has been recorded in Question 8 of column 14 and if female, put tick (.I) under column 24. the Individual slip. If so, copy the same in Col. 9 of the Cols. 15 & 25 : Entry in Q. 14A of Individual Slip Household Schedule. INo' Col. 10 : Whether SC( 1) or ST(2) 152. As in the preceding paragraph, check if 'No', i.e., 146. For each person recorded In column 2 of the House­ 'H' or 'ST' or 'D' or 'R' or 'B' or 'I' or 'a' is entered against hold Schedule, check whether in the corresponding Individual Question 14A of the Individual Slip for the person entf'red Slip, '1' or '2' or 'X' is recorded in the box against Question in column 2 of the Household Schedule. If so and if t:ic 9. If so, copy the same in column 10 of the Household person is a male, put a tick (.I) under column 15 and if Schedule. female, put a tick (.I) under column 25.

Col. 11 : Name of Scheduled Caste/Tribe Cols. 16 & 26 : Entry in Q. 14B of Individual Slip 'Yes' 147. For each person recorded in column 2 of House­ hold Schedule, copy out in column 11, the name of the 153. For the person entered in column 2 of the House- 311 hold Schedule, check against Question 14B of the corre­ Cols. 32, 33 & 34 : Entry in Q. 15A(i) to Q. sponding Invidual Slip if'l' is entered in the box. If so, put a 15A(iii) tick (.I) under column 16 for male, but if the person is a female, put the tick (.r) under column 261n the correspond­ 1 57. For a person recorded in Col. 2 of the Household ingline. Schedule, check if tick mark (.I) has been put in column 21 for male or in column 31 for female. If so, the entries from the corresponding Individual Slip against Question 1 SA(i) to Cols. 17 & 27 : Entry in Q. 14B of Individual Slip Question 1SA(ili) are to be copied In the Household Sched­ 'No' ule In the corresponding line.

154. Check if '2' is recorded in the box against Ques­ 158. HaVing entered these particulars in columns 8 to tion 14B of the Individual Slip in respect of the person en­ 34 for all the persons enumerated In the household, you will tered in column 2 of the Household Schedule. If so, put tick have to strike the totals wherever applicable. You will notice (.I) under column 171n the case of a male, but If the person that a block for giving sex-wise totals of Scheduled Castes is a female, put the tick (/) under column 27 in the corre­ and Scheduled Tribes has been provided under column 10 sponding line. of the Household Schedule. This block has to be filled in only if there is code '1' or '2' in column 10 for all or any member of the household. Please note that this block will not Cols. 18 & 28 : Entry in Q. 15A of Individual Slip 'C' be filled in if all the members of the household do not belong to SC or ST. In such cases, the whole block should be crossed. You have to strike the total for column 10 very carefully and 155. For the person entered in column 2 of the House­ enter the same in this block as per Instructions below: hold Schedule, check if 'C' is recorded against Question 15A of the corresponding Individual Slip and if so, put the tick Count the number of tick marks (.I) in column 4 of (.I) under column 1 8 if male, and if the person is a female, HousEhold Schedule for whom code '1 ' is recorded in col­ put the tick (.r) under column 28 of the corresponding line. umn lOin the corresponding line. These are male Sched­ uled Castes and enter the same in the block. Then count the Cols. 19 & 29,20 & 30, 21 & 31 : Entry In Q. number of tick marks (/) in column 5 of Household Sched­ 15A of Individual Slip 'Al'!'HHI'/'OW' ule for whom code '1 ' Is recorded in column 10 of the cor­ responding line. These are female Scheduled Castes and en­ ter the same In the block. A similar procedure has to be 156. As in the previous paragraph, check from Ques­ adopted for recording in the block the number of males and tion 15A of the Individual Slip relating to the person entered females belongingto Scheduled Tribes. Thereafter, the total in column 2 of the Household Schedule whether 'AL' or for persons has to be struck by you adding males and fe­ 'HHI' or 'OW' is entered forthe person entered In column males. 2 of the Household Schedule. If so, a tick (.I) should be put under the appropriate column 1 9 or 20 or 21 , as the case 158.1 Having struck the totals, your job in respect of may be, in case the person is a male and under column 29 this Household Schedule form is over and you should sign at or 30 or 3 t , as the case may be, if the person is a female. the bottom left hand corner and give date also.

3~2 CHAPTER V

FILLING UP OF THE ENUMERATOR'S WORKING SHEET AND THE ENUMERATOR'S ABSTRACT

159. The specimen form of the Working Sheet for pre­ location Code paring the Enumerator's Abstract is given on pages 72-73. This form will be supplied to you in sufficient quantities. You 161. Location Code of your enumeration block should will be required to use separate form(s) for Normal house­ be copied from the Household Schedule and written here. holds, Institutional households and Houseless households. This will have five elements, viz., State code, District code, On these you will have to strike totals for Normal house­ Tehsil/Taluka/PS/Development Block/Circle or Town code, holds, Institutionsl households and Houseless households Village or Ward code and Enumeration Block number within separately. Thereafter, on the last page ofthe Sheet(s) relat­ brackets. location Code should be repeated on every page ing to the Normal households, you will have to carry over of the Working Sheet. You have also to write the code number the totals relating to Institutional households and Houseless of the C.D. Block in the space provided. households to strike a grand total for each of the columns of the Working Sheet except for column 2. The total for col­ Number of Households by Type umn 2 will have to be derived by counting the entries and 162. It will be noticed that the same form is being sup­ not just totalling the figures. At the end of your revisional plied for entering details in respect ofNormal/lnstitutional1 round, you will have a" the filled in Household Schedule Houseless households. At the right hand top, three types of books comprising Normals households, Institutional house­ households have been indicated. You will have to score out holds and Houseless households. For the Institutional house­ the entry which is not applicable. For eXample, if you are holds and Houseless hf)useholds, you will have indicated 'I' dealing with Normal households, please score out the entries and '0' respectively at the right hand corner of the first page 'Institutional' and 'Houseless'. Again, if you are dealing with of the Household Schedu Ie. You will now be req uired to take 'Institutional households', please score out the entries 'Nor­ the Household Schedule books and fill up the Working Sheet mal' and 'Houseless'. Similarly, when you deal with for preparing Enumerator's Abstract. The Working Sheet for 'Houseless households', score out 'Normal' and 'Institutional'. preparing Enumerator's Abstract has 29 columns. You will If you are using more than one page for a particular type of be required to deal with Normal households, Institutional household, please do nto forget to score out inapplicable households and Houseless households in separate sheets, while types on each sheet, as indicated here. filling up the Working Sheet from the entries given in the Household Schedule. Each line in the Working Sheet will 162.1 For recording the number of households by type contain the totals for one household. separately for Normal households, Institutional households and Houseless households, you will have to count the number PJge No. of entries given in column 2 (Serial No. of Household) of the working sheet relating to each type of household and 160. On right hand top corner of the form, you will enter the figure here. For example, for determining the h,".'e to indicate page number. The page number will run number of Normal households, you will count the number (,' ,tinuously for each type of household. That is to say, for of entries in column 2 of the set of working sheets dealing Nr :mal households, the page number of the Working Sheet with Normal households and enter the figure on the first

\. I ,tart from 1, for Institutional households again the page page of the setdealing with normal households. Similar pro­

; I !lber will start from 1 and similarly for Houseless house- cedure will have to be followed for entering the number of :5, the page number will start from 1. Institutional households and Houseless households in theap­ propriate Working Sheets. 160.1 You will have to arrange your filled in Household " . dule books in ascending order of the book number. You Name of Enumerator ~: ,luld take up the first book and pdk up a form of Working 163. This hardly calls for any explanation. You will be -' ,t for entering the details. If you are dealing with a sched­ required to write your name here. l' '. 'Jtingto a Normal household, you should enter details in " ': Working Sheet relating to 'Normal household'. During Col. 1 : line No. I i";~ (,)I..lrse of your work, if you come across a schedule re- 1'[, . "0 an 'Institutional household', please do nto forget to f 64. As in the Houselist form, here also, line numbers iKI: liP a fresh Working Sheet and enter relevant details in are being provided. The lines have been numbered as 1,2, tr 2 t "ieet after assigning the page number and other details 3,4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,0 and repeated likewise. The idea is to separately. Similarly, when you come across a 'Houseless reduce your scriptory work, so that when you go to the household', please pick up a fresh Working Sheet and enter 10th line, you put 1 at the 10th place to make the line the details in that sheet. number read as 10. Similarly, write 1 In the 10th place on 313 CENSUS OF WORKING SHEET fOR PREPARING (To be compiled from

Location code ...... '" ...... Name of Enumerator ...... Code No. of Development ... Line SI.No. c QI S.C. S.T. MALES '" 'iij 0 '"QI No. of ~ iij E QI QI Literates IIliter- 'Yes'in 'No'in 'Yes'in 'No'in house- Q" l: ..... ates 14A 14A 148 148 hold (Col. 10)** (Col. 10)** (Col. 2) (Col. i) (Col. 5) M F M F (CoU2) (Col. 13) (Col. 14) (CoI.1S (Col. 16) (CoI.17) 1 2 3 4 S 6 7· 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 S 1

2

3

4

S

6

7

8

9

0

1

2

3

4

- 5

6

7

8

9

0

Total @

@Count number of entries and give total. Checked and found correct Signature of Circle Supervisor ...... Date ...... 314 INDIA 1991 Page No...... ENUMERATOR'S ABSTRACT Household Schedule) Normal ...... Number of households by type" Institutional ...... Block ...... •...... Houseless ......

MALES FEMALES Entry in Q. 1 SA 'Yes' in 'No'in 'Yes'in 'No'in Entry in Q. 1 SA C AL HHI OW Literates Illiterates 14A 14A 14A 14B C AL HHI OW

(CoI.18) (CoI.19) (CoI.20) (CoI.21) (CoI.22) (CoI.23) (CoI.24) (CoI.2S) (CoI.26) (CoI.27) (CoI.28) (Col.29) (Col. 30) (Col.31)

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

,

j

Column Numbers shown within brackets refer to column num­ * Strike out whichever is not applicable bers of Household Schedule Signature of Enumerator ...... Date ...... * * Column~ 6-9 of the working sheet may be filled in from the figures of the block given under column, 10 of Household Schedule.

315 the next line to read as 11 and so on. You should not change Working Sheet and 'Houseless' against the concerned line the printed line number in case you have to score out a line (in column 2 of the Working Sheet) and then strike the 'grand owing to mistakes committed in.copying. The last line number total' and write 'Grand total' in column 2. If, however, there will Incidentally give you the total number of households of a be no space on the last page of the working sheet(s} relating particular type entered in the Working Sheet which should to Normal households for-striking these totals, you may use tally the total of entries in column 2 which you are required a separate sheet for this purpose and attach it to the set of to enter at the right hand top corner of the form under Working Sheets relating to Normal households. 'Number of households by type', but If you have scored out any line owing to some mistake in copying, then this tally 169. A specimen of the Enumerator's Abstract form is cannto be achieved. given on the next page. The instructions are given hereafter.

Col. 2 : SI. No. of Household INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILLING UP THE ENUMERATOR'S ABSTRACT FORM 165. This number will be copied from the top of the Household Schedule form you are dealing with. location Code

Cols. 3 to 5 : Persons, Males and Females 170. The Location Code, as noted in the Working Sheet and in all your other documents, consisting of the frve ele­ 166. In these columns, enter total of columns 2, 4 and ments, namely, State, District, Tehsil/Taluk/PS/Development 5 respectively as struck by you in the concerned Household BlockIOrde or Town, Village or Ward and Enumeration Block Schedule. Number within brackets should be given here. You have also to write the Code No. of the C.D. Block in the space pro­ Cols. 6 to 29 of the Working Sheet vided.

167. The colu!l1n headings are self-explanatory. Under Name of Enumerator each column, the column number of the Household Sched­ ule has been indicated within brackets. You have merely to I 71. You should write your name here. bke the total of the relevant column of the Household Sched­ ule and post it under the appropriate column of the working Total Number of Occupied Residential Houses sheet in respect of a particular household. 172. You have merely to copy the figures noted in sub­ 167.1 The figures in columns 6-9 may be filled in from section B of Section 1 of the Abridged Houselist. the figures of block given under column 10 of Household Schedule. In case the block has been crossed in the House­ Number of Normal Households hold Schedule, dash (-) may be entered in these columns. 1 73. You will recall that you have noted the number of Total households by type on the right-hand top corner of the first page of the working sheets' relating to Normal households. 168. A separate line has been provided for entering the You have to take this figure for Normal households and post total. Total for columns 3 to 29 are straight forward totals. it here. ' Total for column 2 will have to be derived by counting the entries, as indicated in the foot-note. Number of Institutional Households

168.1 It is expected that you will be using more than 174. You will again recall that you have noted the number one Working Sheet for Normal households. Therefore, you of households by type on the right-hand top corner of the will have to derive the 'totals' for all the columns pertaining first page of the Working Sheets relating to Institutional house­ to the Working Sheets of Normal households on the last holds. You have to take this figure for Institutional house­ page. Identify this line (i.e. total) by writing 'Normal' in col­ holds and post it here. umn 2 meaning thereby that these totals relate to Normal households. Number of Houseless Households 1 75. As in the case of number of Institutional house­ 168.2 Having struck totals for all columns relating to holds, you have to take the figure pertaining to Houseless Normal households, Institutional households and Houseless households from the right-hand top corner of the Working households separately, you have to carry over the totals re­ Sheet for number of households by type and post it here. latingto Institutional households and Houseless households on to the last page of the sheets pertaining to 'Normal house­ NOTE: Please puta cross (X) againstthe Items 'Number holds' and strike grand total. For doing so, please write 'In­ of Institutional households' and 'Number of stitutional' against the concerned line in column 2 of the Houseless households', as the case may be, If 316 CENSUS OF INDIA 1991

ENUMERATOR'S ABSTRACT

(To be compHed from wor1dng sheet for Enumerator's Abstract)

location Code .....•...... •...... •...... •...... No. of normal households ......

Name of Enumerator ...... ••. 0 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• No. oflnstltutlonal households ..•...•.....••...... •.•...•...... •.••.••..•...... Total No. of occupied No. ofhouseless households •.....••.....•...... •..••.••••....•.•..•.••••.••••...... residential houses .•••••••.•.•••...••.•••••••...•..•••••••..•••...... •••••...... •..•.•..•••..... Total No. ofhcuseholds ..••.••..•••.••...... ••.•..•.••••••••..••.•.••....•.••..•...•••.•.•.

Code No. of Development Block •...••.•••.••...•••..••••.•••••....••.•..•...•.•....•.•...••

SI. No. Particulars Persons Males Females

1 2 3 4 5

1. Population induslve of population shown against serial Nos. 1 4 & 1 5 (Total of cals. 3, 4 and 5 of &rand total nne in the last page of wor1dng sheets for nonnal households)

2. Scheduled Caste (grand total of cals. 6 & 7)

3. Scheduled Tribe (grand total of cals. 8 & 9)

4. literate (grand total of cals. 10 & 20)

S. illiterate (grand total of cals 11 & 2 I )

6. 'Yes'ln 14A (grand total ofcals. 12 & 22)

7. 'No' in 14A (grand total of cals. 13 & 23)

8. 'Yes' in 141 (&rand total of cals. 14 & 24)

9. 't"40' in 148 (grand total of cals. 15 & 25)

10. 'C' in 15A (grand total of cals. 16 & 26)

II. 'AI' In 15A (grand total of cols. 17 & 27)

12. 'HHI' In ISA (grand total of coIs. 18 & 28)

13. 'OW' In I SA (grand total of cals. 19 & 29)

14. Insdtutlonal population (Total of insdtutlonal line cals. 3, 4 and 5 in last page of wor1dng sheet for normal households)

15. Houseless population (Total of houseless line cols. 3, 4 & 5 in last page of wor1dng sheet for normal households)

Checked and found correct

Signature of Supervisor .•.•..•••...•...... •.••••••.....•...... •.•.•••••..•...... •••.•.. Signature of Enumerator ......

Date •.•....•.•...... •...... •.•.•...... •..•...... ••...... •.•..•...... Date ...... ; ......

Note : Columns mentioned under col. 2 within brackets are columns of wor1dng sheet from which data have to be posted. 317 there are no such households in your figures given in columns 3, 4 and 5 of the line representing enumeration block. Homeless households and post them in columns 3, 4 and 5 of the Enumerator's Abstract form. Total Number of households Please note that the Institutional population and Houseless 1 76. On the right hand top, you have noted the number popUlation indicated against SI. Nos. 14 and 15 are included of Normal households, Institutional households and Houseless in the total population of your enumeration block shown households separately. You have merely to add them up and against SI. No.1. enter the figure here. 182. It is needless to add that you should check the Cols. 1 to 5 entries carefully and after satisfying yourself that everything is in order, you should sign the filled in Working Sheets and 177. The next section deals with 15 items and 5 Col­ Enumerator's Abstract form. If you have, by any chance umns. The particulars are given under column 2 and the been put incharge of more than one enumeration block, please column number of the Working Sheet to which the particu­ remember that you will have to prepare separate sets of lars relate have been indicated within brackets in each case. Working Sheets and Enumerator's Abstract for each of the For particulars noted against 51. Nos. 1 to 13, you have to enumeration blocks assigned to you. take the relevant figures of the columns indicated within brakcets and post them under the appropriate columns 3, 4 183. You have now to arrange all your records which and 5 of this form. The figures will be found on the last page would be as follows: of the Working Sheet dealingwith Normal households against the line representing 'Grand total'. (1) Notional Map,

SI. No.1: Population inclusive of population shown (2) Layout Sketch, against 51. Nos. 1 4 and 15 of the form (3) Filled in and updated Abridged Houselist which 178. In columns 3, 4 and 5 of the Enumerator's Ab­ you have updated as per Instructions given In para­ stract form, You will have to give the grand totals of columsn graph 133, 3,4 and 5 as derived on the last page of the Working Sheet dealing with Normal households and where you have struck (4) Filled in Household Schedule books, total for all entries in respect of Normal households, Institu­ tional households and Houseless households. These figures (5) Filled in Individual Slip pads, will be inclusive of the population figures reflected under columns 3, 4 and 5 against 51. Nos. 14 and 15 of this form. (6) - Working Sheets for Enumerator's Abstract in three sets tagged together, SI. Nos. 2 to 13 (7) The Enumerator's Abstract form, 179. These items hardly call for any explanation. The column numbers are indicated within brackets against each. (8) Filled in Post-graduate Degree Holder and Techni­ You have merely to take the appropriate figure from the line cal Personnel Scnedules, representing 'Grand total' on the last page of the Working Sheet dealing with Normal households and post the appro­ (9) Statement shOWing the number of Post-graduate priate figure under columns 4 and 5, as the casey may be, Degree Holder and Technical Personnel Schedules and derive total in column 3. received, issued, filled in Schedules collected and blank schedules returned (Appendix XI), SI. No. 14 : Institutional Population (10) Blank forms, Household Schedule books and Indi­ 180. On the last page of the Working Sheet dealing with vidual Slip pads referred to above. Normal households, you have entered the total In respect of the Institutional households. You have to take the figures of (1 t) Blank Post-graduate Degree Holder and Technical columns 3, 4 and 5 of the line in the Working Sheet repre­ Personnel Schedules. senting the 'Institutional households' and enter the same in 184. You are now required tohand over all the docu­ columns 3, 4 and 5 of the Enumerator's Abstract form. ments with an Inventory which should contain the Book Nos. 51. No. 15 : Houseless Population of Household Schedules and Pad Nos. of Individual Slips to your Supervisor. Having done so, you have completed your 181 . Here again, you have to look to the last page of the job in so far as the t 99 t Census operation is concerned and Working Sheet dealing with Normal households and take the you can reasonably take pride in having performed a national task well. 318 APPENDICES

319

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324 APPENDIX V

INSTRUCTIONS TO ENUMERATORS FOR UPDATING SECTION 2, FILLING UP OF SECTION 3 AND FILLING UP OF SECTION 1 OF THE ABRIDGED HOUSElIST

Introduction (iii) A household listed In Section 2 might have moved out and a new household might have moved In, In As in the 1981 Census, an Abridged Houselist will have its place, to be prepared at the 1991 Census also. The Abridged Houselist estal3lishes an essential link between the Houselist (iv) The fully residential, partly residential or non-resi­ and the population enumeration. It will serve as a frame for dential use of a census house listed in Section 2 assigning household serial number to each household in an might have changed, enumeration block, as will be seen later, and it will also serve as a frame for post-enumeration surveys and other surveys (v) The head of a household listed in Section 2 might which may be taken up in the future. The Abridged Houselist have changed, will be prepared separately for each enumeration block. It is an important document and you must fill it up carefully after (vi) A new household might have moved into a vacant reading these instructions given in the notes to the Abridged or non-residential census house, Houselist form itself. A copy of the Abridged Houselist form comprising Section 1, 2 and 3 is enclosed (Annexe I). (vii) A new building which is not listed in Section 2 might have come up, 2. You will be given one copy of the Abridged Houselist form for your block by your Supervisor. You will notice that (viii) A new census house might have come up in a build­ identification particulars and Section 2 of the form are· al­ ing already listed in Section 2, ready filled in (Annexe II). At the beginning will be given the identification particulars and location code of your block. (Ix) A new household might have moved into or split in Section -2 contains essentially a list of all census houses and an already occupied residential house. households in your block copied from the Houselist. This list 5. In case of situations (i) and (ii), the relevant entries in has to be updated by you as at the enumeration, because Section 2 will have to be deleted, in case of (iii), (iv), (v) and some changes might have taken place in your block since the (vi) the entries in Section 2 will have to suitably amended houselisting operations. Some of the census houses which and in case of (vii), (viii) and (Ix), Section 3 will have to be existed at the time of houselisting, might have been demol­ filled. The instrllctions for deleting or amending entries in ished and new census houses might have come up. Again, Section 2 or for filling up Section 3 in each of these situa­ some of the households might have moved out and some tions are given below. new households might have moved in. All theSe will have to be taken care of by you in updating the Abridged Houselist. The new census houses and households will have to be listed Instructions for Recording Changes in Section 2 by you in Section 3. Section 1 will be filled up at the end of the enumeration. 6. In the case of_first six situations mentioned in para­ graph 4 above, necessary changes or corrections will have to 3. While going around your block for enumeration, you be made in Section 2 as follows: will have to check whether each census house and household listed in Section 2 of the Abridged Houselist is actually there. (I) If a household appearing in Section 2 has moved At the same time, you will also have to look for new census out leaving the census house or part occupied by it houses and new households which are not listed in Section vacant then the entries in columns 5 to 8 relating to 2. It is also possible that some of the census houses or house­ the household have to be deleted. In column 8 write holds in Section 2 are still there but their particulars might in such cases "Household left". Please note that when have changed. any census house or household is deleted in Section 2, the serial number in column 1, house number, 4. The following situations may arise: household number or the serial number of house­ hold in column 7 of subsequent houses and house­ (i) A household listed in Section 2 might have moved holds should not bt! changed. out leaving the census house or part occupied by it vacant, (ii) If you find that a building or census house appear­ ing in Section 2 no longer exists, all the lines relating (ii) A building or census house listed in Section 2 might to the building or census house will have to be de­ no longer exist, leted. In this case also, the subsequent serial num-

325 bers in columns 1 and 7 need not be changed. Reason for scoring out shOUld be given in column 8.lf more than one new household has moved into (iii) If a household listed in Section 2 has moved out and such census house, then all the households have to another household has moved in its place, the name be entered in Section 3. In this case also for cross of the head of household in column 6 will be changed reference please quote serial number of entry In in Section 2. Indicate this reaso'1 for the change in Section 3 in column 8 of Section 2. column 8. 7. Please note that the reason for any change that you (iv) If the use to which a census house is put has changed, may make in Section 2 must be given in column 8 as illus­ the entry in column 4 for that census house in Sec­ trated above. tion 2 will have to be scored out and the current use entered. Instructions for Filling up Section 3

Such a change in use of the house might be coupled 8. The columns of Section 3 and Section 2 are identical. with a household leaving or a household moving into The serial number in column 1 should run for Section 2 and the census house. For example, where a pa"rtly or 3 continuously, i.e., the first serial number entered in Sec­ fully residential house is now used for purely non­ tion 3 will be in continuation of the last serial number in residential purposes, not only the entries in column Section 2. 4 should be scored out and the current use of the house should be recorded, but the entries from col­ 9. Before you enter a new building or census house in umns 5 to 8 should also be deleted as the house­ Section 3, please recall the definition of census house. The hold living in it earlier would have moved out. If manner in which new buildings, new census house or new more than one household was recorded in that cen­ households have to be numbered has already been indicated sus house, all the entries in subsequent lines relating to you. It must be remembered that a new building will be to such households should also be deleted. numbered has already been indicated to you. It must be remembered that a new building will be numbered on the However, in cases where the census house has re­ basis of the number which the previous building has. For mained non-residential but only the use has changed, example, a new building which has come up recently be­ , the entry in column 4 will have to be scored out tween building Nos. 45 and 46, will be numbered as 45/1, and a fresh entry made to indicate the new use. etc. Similarly, new census houses will have to be numbered Where a non-residential house has become a partly by use of brackets. If in building No. 43, there was previ­ or fully residential house, one or more households ously one census house but now there are two, these will might have moved into the census house. In this have to be numbered as 43( 1) and 43(2). For new house­ case, first the entries in Section 2 will be scored out holds, you will have to number them by use of alphabets and the current use should be recorded in column within brackets such as 43( 1)(a), 32( 1 )(b), etc. It Is impor­ 8 for cross reference since particulars of the new tant to note that new non~residential houses must also be household(s) which might have moved in would be entered in Section 3. entered in Section 3 in columns 1 to 8. In such cases please quote serial number of the entry in Sec­ 10. Section 3 will have to be filled up when you come tion 3 in column 8 of Section 2. across the situations mentioned in sub-paras vii, viii and ix of para 4. There are cases where a new building which is not Other changes in use of a census house from partly listed in Section 2 has come up, or a new census house might residential to fully residential or from fully residen­ have come up in a building already listed in Section 2, or a tial to partly residential mayor may not involve new household might have moved into an already occupied household (5) moving in or household(s) moving out. residential house. If movement of households is involved, such move­ ment shOUld be treated in the manner described 11. If you come across a new buildingwhlch is not listed above. in Section 2, you must give it an appropriate building number (Please see paragraphs 8 and 9) and enter this building (v) If the head of a household has changed, the entry in number in column 2. If there is only one census house in column 6 (name of head of household) in Section 2 this new building, you must obviously enter the same number should be scored out and the name of current head again in column 3, because in such a case the building number of household should be entered. and the census house number are the same. If there are two or more census houses in this building, then you will have to (vi) If a new household has moved into a vacant house, give these appropriate census house numbers (Please see then the entries in all columns of Section 2 have to paragraph 9) and enter these in different lines in column 3. be scored out and fresh entries made in Section 3. Having filled columns 1,2 and 3, you must now record the

326 use or uses to which this new building and the census house only one household'reslding in It and listed as number 45 In or houses in it is or are being put. Obviously If there Is more Section 2 and you now find more than one household In that than one census house, you must record the use to which census house, then you will have to change the number of each one of these Is being put in column 41n the appropriate the household In Section 2 to 45(a). The new households line. If the use is completely non-residential, then no furhter will be entered In Section 3 and numbered as 45{b), 45(c), details need be entered In columns 5, 6 and 7 and you must etc., but there will be no entries In colUmns 2, 3 and 4, i.e., only write dash (-) In these columns. building number, census house number and use to which census house is put, relating to households 45(b) and 45{c). 12. The new building or the census houses in It may be You should put dash (-) In columns 2, 3 and 4 and record occupied by a household or more than one household. If new household in column 8 for these households. there Is a household or more than one, you must give the household or households, a household number (Please see 16. In column 6, against a household number in col­ paragraphs 9 and 10) and enter this number in the appro­ umn 5, write the name of head of household. Ifin column 5, priate line in column 5. Please note that if there is an entry in there Is dash (....,...) I.e., If the use of the census house Is solely column 4 like "workshop-cum-residence", "residence", etc., non-residential, repeat the dash (-) in column 6 also. then there must be an entry in column 5. In all such cases, columns 6 and 7 must also be completed. t 7. The serial number of household in column 7 should run continuously for the enumeration block. This means in t 3. In case of a new census house in a building already Section 3, every household should be given a serial number listed in Section 2, enter census house number in column 3. in continuation of the serial number of the households in Please note that if the building in Section 2 had only one Section 2 (column 7). census house, its census house number will now have to be changed. For example, if building number 43, had one cen­ t 8. You may remember that duringhouselisting, only sus house only in Section 2 numbered as 43, and if you now those households which lived in census houses were listed. find another census house in this building, the census house There are many households which live on pavements, etc., number In Section 2 will have to be changed as 43( 1) and and do not live in census houses. These are HO;Jseless house­ the new census house in Section 3 will be entered with number holds. Such Houseless households will be noticed by you 43 (2). It should, however, be noted that if a new household when you go around your enumeration block. You must has moved into a census house already listed in Section 2, enumerate the Houseless households as you would have been the census house number should not be repeated in column told, on the last day of the enumeration period, i.e., on the 3 of Section 3. You need only to fill columns 5 and 6 of February 28, 1991, and this enumeration will be done late Section 3 and put dashes (-) in column 2, 3 and 4. Where in the evening when these Houseless households settle down more than one line relating to the same building or census for the night. Every such household will have to be entered house has to be filled, the building number or census house serially In Section 3 of the Abridged Houselist after all the number should be entered only in the first line and in subse­ census houses have been covered. For these households only quent lines, wl\iteonly dash (-). dash (-) will be entered in columns 2 to 4 and '0' in col­ umn 5. The serial number in columns 1 and 7 will run con­ t 4. In column 4, the use of the census house should be tinuouslyas mentioned earlier for these households also. The recorded only for new census houses. For such census houses, serial number of the household for these Houseless house­ the description of the purpose for which the census house is holds will have a prefix '0', separated by a dash (-). Exam­ used, should be enquired and recorded in full, e.g., resi­ ples of how these numbers will be written are given at the dence, workshop-cum-residence, shop-cum-residence, etc. end (Annexe III). This will be recorded only in the first line used for the census house against the census house number. If more than one Instructions for Filling up Section 1 line is used for the new census house, because there are more than one household, put dash (-) in column 4 in the 19. Section t relating to the population of the Enumera­ second and subsequent lines. tor's Block will have to be filled in by you at the end of the enumeration. After you have completed you Enumerators 15. In column 5, the household number will be recorded Abstract, you must enter the figures of population, number for each new household. For a new census house listed in of occupied residential nouses and number of households Section 3, the households residing in it will be listed in each against Parts A, Band C In Section 1. The instructions to fill line startng from the first line. If the census house is non­ in Parts A, Band C of Section 1 are described below. residential, write dash (-) in this column. Please note that where a new household has moved into a census house al­ 20. Part A of Section 1 (Population of Enumerator's ready listed in Section 2 with only one household residing in Block) will be copied from the Enumerator's Abstract which it, the number of the household listed in Section 2 will have you will prepare after the revisional round has been com­ to be changed. For example, if census house number 45 had pleted in your enumeration block and totals struck. For fill-

327 ing up Part B of Section 1 (number of occupied re.idential Household), except In cases where the occupants of a resi­ houses) you will have to count the entries in column 3 (Cen­ dential house have gone on a temporary Journey/pilgrimage sus House No.) of both Section 2 and 3 of the Abridged which fact will be noted In the Remarks column. In such a Houselist. tt should be noted that in column 3 of the Abridged case, the entry in column 4 will doubtless be shown as 'resi­ Houselist in Sections 2 and 3, not only residential houses, dence'. Please note that If a residential census house has been but non-residential houses would also have been entered. entered more than once in column 3 through oversight it Therefore, in order to ascertain the number of occupied resi­ should not be counted more than once because It will Inflate dential houses, you will have to check the entry in column 3 the number of occupied residential houses. of Sections 2 and 3 with the corresponding entry in column 4 of the Abridged Houselist. A census house entered in col­ 21. Part C of Section 1 of the Abridged Houselist umn 3 will qualify to be counted as an occupied residential (Number of households), will have to be ascertained by count­ house, if there is a corresponding entry of either 'wholly Ing entries In column Sin Sections 2 and 3 which should be residential' or 'partly residential' in column 4. For example, easy. The entries could be, say 1 or 1{1 ) or '{a) or 1(1 )(a) if Census House No.7 ( 1) in column 3 in described as 'resi­ in column 5, depending on whether the household lives by dence' in column 4, it will be reckoned as an occupied resi­ itself in a house which is also a building or lives in a building dential house. Similarly, if Census House No.9 in column 3 which has more than one census house or is sharing the is shown as workshop-cum-residence in the corresponding building with one or more households sharing the census column 4, it will also be reckoned as an occupied residential house with one or more census households respectively. house. On the other hand, if Census House No. 7( 1) Is Needless to say, ther~ will be a corresponding entry In col­ shown as 'office' in column 4 and Census House No. 7(2) is umn 6 (Name of the Head of the Household) and column 7 shown as 'factory' in column 4 of either Section 2 or 3 of (SI. No. of the Household) for all such households. You the Abridged Houselist, neither of these will qualify to be should count the number for your block and write the figure reckoned as an occupied residential house. It must be noted in Pact C of Section 1. that census houses entered in column 3 against which the corresponding entries are 'vacant' in column 4, should not General be reckoned as occupied residential houses. Normally, for every occupied residential house, there will be correspond­ 22. Before you hand over the completed Abridged ing_ entries in column 5 (Household No.), column 6 (Name Houselist, you must ensure that all the sections have been of the Head of the Household) and column 7 (SI. No. of the completed.

328 ANNE::f ; CENSUS OF lNOIA ! 991 AURii)GF') H(lINI!\: !~wiRcat;\.'11 pJ::;,LI!J: '

Name of State/Union Territo!)' ...... "." .. "...... ".. ,...... " Code No ~ ~Ir,( (II \: 'I):' rown ."",,,,"", " ,,,,, "... ".,,'" ..... ".. "" ... "" .. ",, .. Cede No, " "..... , .... . Name of District .... "...... "...... "...... "...... "." ...... ".... Code No, .. " , , ... '. K)ll\i~ 01 .." Ii WJrJ/).,l,jha!IJiH·mii~t "", ".. ",,' .. "" """'"'''''''''' Code No. , """ ... " . C.1(j:' 11.(" ,)f '::,0 Bklck ..... "... " ". ,,, .. ".... ". "..... "... ""' ..... "'''"''''"" .... "... ,,., ...... ,,,, .. Name of Tehsil/Taluka/P.S.lDev. Block/Circle etc. """ ...... ,..... ". Code No. , " ,,, '" EI)i:III~I.iL\1 " BIOlk No. "" .. ". "." .. " .. "." .... " '''" .,." .... "... ,.... ".. ,.. "...... ", .. ".

SECTION: 1·; (To be filled only on completion of (~nsus enumeration)

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-- ~ ! ~I I I ...... "'._ -- Dalf':) S;~nJtllre of Checked and found correct-- Dlid Signature of (h.llgl' O!hCf Clerk ...... ,...... Chare Officer ,,,,, .. ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,, b\,Iil1f: t.ltor ..... "." .... "... ,...... 1,;\~r.X;: II CENSUS Of INDIA 1991 ABRIDGED HOUSELIST Identification p3rticu~rs

Name of St3te/U~ Terrl;rf , , , , , . , , , , ~!~,~~, ., .. ,, , , , , , , , , , Code No, , , , , ,5, , " Nam~ of Vi~gefj' ow , , ..... ~~~,~I~,~~ """ ... Code No, , , , , , ~l , , , , Name ofD~trict .. ,.,." ...... ,., ~~~.~l~.~~." ..... " .. ,,, Code No .....3,~., Name or No, of Wdr,!/i1000liaIHa)ill'et. ... ".,"'" " ..... ,' Code No. , , , .. ~.,., ,

Code No. of c.O Block, , , .. , , , , , :7":, • , , , , . '_" , , ..•• , • , , . , , , . , , .• , ...... 120 Name oft ehsil/Taluka/P,S.lO€'1, Block/Circle etc. , , , . , . , , , .. , , , . , , , , , Code No, . , ,-:-: .. , , Enumerator's Block No, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , . , , , .. , . , , , , , , , , •, , , , , , , , .. , , . ,

SEGION : 1: (To be filled on~ on compl~tion of census enumeration)

(A) Population of Enumerator's Block, , , , . , , . , , , , , , , , , ,(B) Number of occupied residential houies , , , . , , , , . , , , , , " (e) Number of households. , , . , , . , , , , , , , , SrGION: 2: Housel~[ particular!: (To be initially copied from the original hauselist) T Census Purpose for which i Name of the Head of SI.No, of the 51. No. Building No, House No, Censue House is used Household No. I the Household Household Remarks - I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1. 182 182 (I) Residence 181 (I )(a) Bisheshar 1 I I I 2, 182 (I) (b) Ghanshyam ! - - - 2 i I 182 (2) Residence·cum·wooohop 182(2) Ramsaran 3 I 3. - I 4. 183 183 Vacant -. - - Incomplete I (onmUction

i 5, 184 184 (I) Shop·cum·workshop·cum·residenc~ 184 (1) Abdul Kadar 4 i ! I I 6, 184 (2) Laundry L - - - - l 7, 185 185(1) Docror'sciinic·Allopathic - - - 8, 185 (2) Book binding workshop -- - I - 9, 185 (3) Book Shop -- ! - - 1 ! I 1 10. 186 186 Shop·cum·residence 186 Bishandayal 5 i

I , , II. 187 167 Shop·cum·workshop·cum·residence 187 K~henlal 6 . 5/141X1I4 (120) SECTION: 2ICondd.) Locaoon Code" " " . " " .. " Page No" "..2.. ""

Census Purpose for which Name of the Head of 51. No. of the SI.No. Building No. House No. Censue House ~ used Household No. the Household Household Remarks

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

12. 188 188 Schoo~·cum·residence 188 Shivcharan 7

13. 189 189 (I) CommunitY centre - - -

14. - 189 (2) Business house -- -

IS. 190 190(1) Shop·cum,residence 190(1) Govlnd Singh 8

16. - 190 (2) Baithak - - -

17. 191 191 (I) Workshop·cum·residence 191(1) Ramvati 9

18. - 191(2) Cattle shed - - -

19. 192 192(1) Residence 192 (1) Chand Ram 10

20. - 192(2) Cattle shed'rearing for sale of milk - - -

21. 193 193 Residence 193 (a) Smt. Devika 11

22. - - - 193 (b) Sri Harish Chandra 12

23. 194 :94(1) Workshop·cum·resldence 194(1) Hari Ram 13

24. - 194 (2) Workshop - - -

25. 195 195 Residence 195 Dukhiram 14

Dated Signawre of Checked and found correct Dated Signature of Sd/· Sd/· Charge Office Clerk .... , ..... Charge Officer .•• , ••• W: ... , Enumerator ,,,.,," "" ANNEXEIIl CENSUS OF INDIA t991 ABRIDGED HOUSELIST Identification particulars

Name ofSute/U~ Terr~ ...... ~!~~~...... ,Code No, .... ? ... Name ofYlJJa{e/Town ...... •. ~~~~I.B.~~ •. , ...... Code No •.... ~( ...... Name of Disuict. ., ... " ..... " ., ,~~~~I~.~~ ...... Code No .•.. ~~ ... Name or No. ofWard/Mo~lIa/Haflet ...... Code No ...... ~ ...... Code No. of C.D. Block ...... -:;...... , ......

Name ofTehsilfTaluK~Jll.S.lDev. Block/Circle etc ...... -;-; ...... Code No .. 7':":' •••.• Enumerator's Block No ...... )~.~ ...... " ... .

SECTION: 1: (To be filled on~ on completion of census enumeration) 19 (A) Population of Enumerator's Block .•....1.~~ ...... (B) Number of occupied residential houses ....•...1.3 ... , .. , . (c) Number of households ....•...... SECTION: 2: Housel~t particulars: (To be initially copied from the ori~nal housel~t)

Census Purpose for which Name of the Head of SI.No. of the 51. No. Building No. House No. Censue House is used Household No. the Household Household Remarks

1 2 3 ~., 5 6 7 8

1. 182 182 (1) Residence 181( I) (a) B~heshar 1

2. - - - .j.8~ 0)\81 bRaAsW,aRl ~ Household left

3. - 182 (2) Residence·cum·workshop 182(2) Ramsaran 3

. lint comp~dlndO!£llpitd. 4. 183 m ¥aeAt - - ilt SI, 26 I( 27 InSIC.l.

5. 184 184 (1) Shop·cum·workshop·cum·residence 184 (1) Abdul Kadar 4

6. - 184 (2) Laundry - - -

7. 185 185(1) Doctor's clinic·Allopathic - - -

8. - 185 (2) Book binding workshop - - -

9. - 185 (3) Book Shop - - -

10. 186 186 Shop·cum·residence 186 Bishandayal 5

ll. 187 187 Shop·cum·workshop·cum·residence 187 Kishenlal 6 , 5/]4/X1I4 (120) 2 SECTION: 2 (Concld.) Location Code " , .. , , ...... Page No .. , •, .•.•.. ,

Census Purpose for which Name of the Head of 51. No, of the SI.No. Building No, House No, Censue House is used Household No. the Household Household Remarks

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

12. 188 188 School·cum·residence 188 Shivcharan 7

13. 189 189 (1) Community centre - - -

Use changed. See 14. 189 (2) Business house - - - - 51, 29 In Sec 3,

15, 190 190(1) Shop·cum·residence 190(1) Govind Singh 8

16, - ~(2) iaiIkak - - -

17. 191 191 (1) Workshop·cum·residence 191(1) Ramvati 9

18. - 191(2) IShop - - . Use has changed.

19. 192 192(1) Residence 192 (I) Chand Ram 10

20, - 192(2) Cattle shed'rearing for sale of milk - - -

Use has changed and 2.1. 193 193 ~(Teashop .w.;.w ~ ~ household left.

22., - - - ~ Sfi HaFisRERaREifa tt Use has changed and 23, 194 194(1) WeFksAe~ ElIflfresid('nce -I#fB 1194(1) (a Hari Ram 13 another household moved in, See 51. 30,

24, - 194 (2) Workshop - - -

Household 25, 195 195 Residence 195 Dukhiram 14 [ertl~orarily gone on pligrimage

Dated Signawrebt Checked and found correct Dated Signature of Sd/· Charge OfficeDerk ...•.•. , .. Charge Officer ...... ~d!: •.... Enumerator .•..• ~~/: · •.. ANNEXEIII CENSUS OF INDIA 1991 ABRIDG£D HOUSEUST Identification particulars , Name of State/Ulan Te~ry •.•.....•• ~~~~~•.....•..••.....• Code No .•••. ~ •..• Name ofVI~ge/Town , ...... ,~~~~~~~,~ , ...... Code No ..•.•. ~.J .... . Name of Distric ' .•....•...... •...~~.~I~~~ •.••.•••...... Code No ••••3.~ •. , Name or No. of Ward/M~allalHam)it ...••...•...... Code No ...•.••4 .••...

Code No, of CtD Block, . , •.. I , ••7: I I I ••• I iI I If. 0 •• 1 I • I I ••• I i I •• I I I •• I I • I I

Name of TehsilfTalukalP.SJDev. Block/Circle etc ...• :7i'••••••• , , ..... Code No ... --:-:. . ... Enumerator's Block No ...... !~.O ......

SECTION: 3: Addenda Section 2: (To record census house/households not covered in Section 2but found by census enumerator during enumeration)

Census Purpose for which Name of the Head of SI,No. of the SI.No. BulidingNo. House No. Censue House Is used Household No. the Household Household Remaru

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

26. 183 183 Residence 183 (a) Deosharan 15 New household

27. - - - 183 (b) Shlvsharn 16 New household 28. 185/1 185/1 Doctor'sclinic·homeopathic - - - Newhouse 29, - 190 (2) Balthak·cum·residence 190(2) men Singh 17 New household

JO. - - - 194(1) (b) Kishan Ram 18 New household 31. - - - 0 Ramlal 0.19 Houseiell nousehold

32. - - ... 0 Lakhmania O-ZO Houseiess ~ousei.~ld

3J. - - .... 0 8asmatia 0-21 Houselesshousehold

34. - - - 0 Kedar Singh 0·22 Houselell houJehold

Uated ~Ignawre ot 5d1- Checked and found correct Dated Signature of Char~ Office Clerk ...... SdI' Sd/· Supervisor ....• , •••.•..• Enumerator ...... " APPENDIX VI

LIST OF A FEW TYPICAL INDUSTRIES THAT CAN BE CONDUCTED ON A HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY BASIS

Foodstuffs plywood and veneers, etc.; making palm leaf mats, fans, umbrellas, etc., baskets and broomsticks, caning of chairs; Production of flour by village chakkis or flour mills; mill­ making of chicks and khas khas tatties; making of cart wheels, ing or dehusking of paddy; grinding of chillies, turmeric, etc.; wooden sandals, etc. production of gur, khandsari, boora, etc.; production of pick­ les, chutney, jams, etc.; processing of cashewnuts; making Paper and Paper Products of dried vegetables; manufacture of sweet-meats and bakery products; production of butter, ghee, etc.; slaughtering and Manufacture of pulp and paper by hand; making of ell­ preservation of meat and fish; fish curing, etc.; oil pressing velopes} paper made articles, card board boxes, paper flower, ghani. paper kites, toys, etc.

Beverages Printing and Publishing

Manufacture of country liquor, toddy; production of Printing works, lithography, block-making, book bind­ soda water, ice, ice cream, sharebats, etc.; processing of ing, etc. coffee, etc. Leather and Leather Products Tobacco Products Flaying and processing of hides and skins; making leather Manufacture of bidi, cigars, cherroots, tobacco, snuff, footwear, wearing apparel of leather and fur; repair of shoes etc. or other leather products.

Textile Cotton Rubber, Petroleum and Coal Products

Cotton ginning, carding, pressing and baling, spinning, Vulcan ising tyres and tubes; manufacture of chappals etc.; dyeing and bleaching of cloth; weaving in handlooms or from torn tyres and other rubber footwear; manufacture of powerlooms or manufacture of khadi; cloth printing; making rubber products from natural and synthetic rubber. of fishing nets, mosquito nets, cotton thread, rope, twine, etc. Chemicals and Chemical Products

Textile Jute, Wool or Silk Manufacture of toys, paints, colours, etc.; manufacture of matches, fireworks, perfumes, cosmetics; manufacture of Similar type of production or processing as mentio!1t:J ayurvedic medicines, soap, plastic products, celluloid goods; under Textile Cotton but pertaining to the materia! conCerned. manufacture of ink, candles, boot polish, etc.

Textite Miscell.meous Non-metallic Mineral Products - other than Petroleum and Coal Making of durries, carpets, hosiery, embroidery work; lace garland making; manufacture of chrochet headgear; Making of bricks, roofing tiles, sanitary fittings, cement making of newar, bed covers, (curtains, pillow, pillow cases, statues, stone or marble carvings,· manufacture of stone etc.); making of mattress, quilt (rezai), etc.; makingofnamda structurals, stone dressing and stone crushing, mica splitting felt, coconut fibre for upholstery; making of brushes, brooms, and manufacture of other mica products; making of earthen­ etc., from coconut fibres; coir spinning; manufacture and ware and pottery, crockery, glass beads and bangles, earthen repair of umbrellas; manufacture of dols and toys (rags and toys; manufacture of glass products, etc. cotton), etc. Basic Metals and their Products except Machinery Manufacture of Wood and Wood Products and Transport Equipment

Sawing and planing of wood, manufacture of wooden Manufacture of iron arms and weapons and their serv­ furniture, structural goods like beams, door and window ice and repair, iron and steel furniture, brass, bell-metal uten­ frames, etc., wooden agricultural implements and their re­ sils, aluminium utensils, tin utensils, copper utensils, etc.; pair, 'wooden lacquerware, wooden toys, wood carving, saw­ nickeling and electroplating, blacksmithy; manufacture and dust and plaster figure making, inlay work; match splinters, repair of agricultural implements such as plough-share, etc.;

337 making Jnd repairing of locks and trunks, cutlery; manufac­ of animal-drawn and hand-drawn vehicles such as bullock ture of scales, weights and measures and foundry industry, carts, wheel barrow, etc. etc. Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Machinery (all kinds other than Transport) and Electrical Equipment Repair of spectacles, photographic equipment; goldsmithy, silver filigree industry; gold covering work, Manufacture of small machine tools and parts; repairing bidriware; repair of musical instruments, fountain pens; mak­ and servicing of fans, radios, domestic electrical appliances, ing of cowdung cakes, manufacture of sports goods, repair­ etc. ing of petromax lights; making of buttons and beads from conchshell and horn goods. Transport Equipment Repairing and servicing of automobiles; manufacture of cycle parts, rickshaw parts, boats and barges; manufacture

JJ8 APPENDIX VII

CLASSIFIED LIST OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES

AGRICULTURE, HUNTING, FORESTRY AND Manufacture of Food Products FISHING Slaughtering, preparation and preservation of meat, dairy (Do not merely say plantation or fishing, etc., but indi­ products; canning and preservation of fruits and vegetables; cate the appropriate details as given here.) fish, grain mill products; bakery products; sugar; boora; com­ mon salt; edible oils including vanaspatii processing of tea or Plantation Crops coffee; manufacture of ice; animal feeds, starch, etc.

Indicate the type of plantation such as tea, coffee, rub­ Manufacture of Beverages, Tobacco and Tobacco ber, tobacco, edible nuts, fruits, ganja, betel nuts, etc. Products

Livestock Production Rectifying and blending of spirits, wine industries; coun­ try liquor and toddy, carbonated water industries, bidi, ci­ Indicate what kind of livestock is reared such as goats, gar, cigarette, zerda, snuff, etc. sheeps, horses, pigs, ducks, bees, silk worm, etc. Production of wool, raw silk, etc., are also covered in this. Manufacture of Cotton Textiles

Agricultural Services Cotton ginning, cleaning and balingj spinning, weaving and finishing of cotton in textile mills, printing; dyeing and Indicate what type of agricultural service, e.g., pest de­ bleaching of cotton textiles; cotton spinning other than in stroying, spraying, operation of irrigation system, animal mills (charkha)j khadi productionj weaving, etc. in handloom shearing and livestock services (other than veterinary serv­ and power(ooms, etc. ices), granding agricultural and livestock products, soil con­ servation, soil testing, etc. Manufacture of Wool, Silk and Synthetic Fibre Textiles Hunting Wool cleaning, baling and pressing; weaving and finish­ Indicate hundting, trapping and game propagation for ing in mills and other than in mills, dyeing and bleaching; commercial purpose only. priming of silk, synthetic textiles, etc.

Forestry and Logging Manufacture of Jute, Hemp and Mesta Textiles

Apart from planting ad conservation of forests, felling Spinning and pressing and baling of jute and mesta; dye­ and cutting of trees, etc., this would cover production of ing; printing and bleaching of jute textiles and manufacture fuel, gathering of fodder, gums, resins, lac, etc. of jute bags are also covered in this.

Fishing Manufacture of Textile Products

Sea, coastal and inland water fishing, pisci-culture, col­ (Including wearing apparel other than footwear), knit­ lection of pearls, conches, shells, sponges, etc. ting mills, manufacture of all types of threads; cordage, ropes, etc.; embroidery; carpets; rain coats; hats; made up textile MINING AND QUARRYING goods (except garments), oil cloth, tarpaulin; coir and coir products, linoleum, padding, wadding, etc., are also covered (Do not merely say mining or quarrying but indicate in this. further details.) Indicate what is mined such as coal, lignite, crude petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, manganese, gold, Manufacture of Wood and Wood Products, Furniture silver, copper ore, quarrying of stones, clay and sand pits, and Fixtures precious and semi-precious tones, mica, gypsum, etc. Manufacture of veneer, plywood and their productsj MANUFACTURING AND REPAIR sawing and planing of wood; wooden and cane boxes, crates, drums, barrels, etc. beams, posts, doors and windows, (Do not merely say engaged in a factory, but indicate wooden industrial goods like blocks, handles; etc., cork prod­ what the manufacturing is concerned with as detailed here.) ucts; wooden, bamboo and cane furniture and fixture, etc.

339 Paper and Paper Products and Printing, Publishing Transport Equipment and Parts and Allied Industries Ship building and repairing locomotives and parts; Raii­ Manufacture of pulp; paper, paper boards and news­ way wagons; coaches, etc., rail road equipmentsi motor ve­ prints; container and paper boxes; printing and publishing of hicles; bicycles; aircrafts; push-carts and hand-carts, etc. newspapers; periodicals, books, etc., engraving, block mak­ ing, book binding, etc. Other Manufacturing Industries

Leather ana Fur Products Do not say other manufacturing industries but write clearly what is being manufactured like manufacture of medi­ Tanning, currying, etc., of leather; footwear (excluding cal, surgical and scientific equipments; photogDphic Jlld repair); coats, gloves, currying, dyeing, etc., of fur, fur and optical goods; watches; minting of coins; musical inmunlent\, skin rugs, etc. etc.

Rubber, Plastic, Petroleum and Coal Products ELECTRICITY, GAS AND WATER

Tyre and tube industries; footwear made of vulcanized Indicate if generation and transmission of elenric €i 1- or moulded rubber; rubber and plastic products; petroleum ergy or distribution is involved, e.g., manufacture of gas in refineries; production of coaltar in coke ovens, etc. gas works and its distribution; water supply, i.e., colltction purification and distribution of water. llL Chemical and Chemical Products CONSTRUCTION Manufacture of chemicals such as acids, alkalis, gases, etc., fertilizers and pesticides; paints, varnishes, drugs and (Do not merely say engag('d in conmunion bur ~Ive medicines; perfumes, cosmetics, lotions; synthetic resins, etc., further particulars. Cle.1r details of thf' type \)1 (OllStlTIClit)11 explosive and ammunition and fireworks, etc. and maintenance such as buildings, road. r.lil,v.IY~, (1'(.':: '.Ipli, telephone, water ways Jllel warel l'flU \ CI " ! 1 1 '.,1;,~ fJ.'rtl k Non-metallic Mineral Products projects, industl'iJl plJnl.S, activities allied Lv (ol)

Machinery, Machine tools and Parts except Electrical Fuel, Light, Chemicals, Perfumery, Ceramics and Machinery Glass

Agricultural machinery, cranes; road rollers; boilers, Wholesale trade in medicines, cliemic.lls, fuel lighting diesel engine; regrigerators, air conditioners, etc. products; toilets; porcelain, glass utensil, crockery, etc.

Electrical Machinery, Apparatus, Appliances and All types of Machinery, Equipment, including Supplies and Parts Transport and Electrical Equipment

E,Iectrical motors, generators, transformers, insulated Agricultural and industrial machinery, e.g., harvesters, wires and cables; dry and wet batteries; radio, television, threshers, etc.; electrical machinery; transport equipl11ents, etc.; X-ray apparatus; electric computers, etc. etc. 340 Miscellaneous Manufacturing but give funher paniculars.) Indicate what kind of transport such as rialways, tramways, motor buses, bullock carts, ekka, Wholesale trade in furniture, rubber and rubber prod­ tonga, etc.; ocean and coastal water, inland water transport, ucts, building materials; clocks, etc.; eye-glasses, etc.; medi­ air transpot, services rendered to transpon such as packing, cal and surgical instruments; precious metals, stones and jew­ crating, travel agencies, etc. It also includes storage, ware­ ellery, etc. housing, communication such as postal, telegraph, wireless, telephone, etc. Retail Tradfe in Food and Food Articles, Beverages, Tobacco and Intoxicants FINANCING, INSURANCE, REAL ES'I ATE AND BUSINESS SERVICES Indicate clearly that the retail trade is carried In grocery, vegetable, fruit selling, meat, poultry, bakery products, dairy Indicate clearly whether services belong to banking; credit products, pan, bidi, aerated water, etc., institutions other than banks, e.g., loan societies, agricultural credit institutions, etc., money lenders, financiers, etc. provi­ Retail Trade in Textiles dent services, insurance carriers life, fire, marine, accident, health, etc. It also includes business services, e.g., purchase Do not merely say engaged in retail trade in Textile, but and sale agents and brokers; auctioneering, accounting; data indicate clearly what the retail trade is concerned with. Deal­ processing, engineering; advenising services, etc.; legal serv­ ers in textile (non ready-made), ready-made garments, are ices rendered by advocates, barristers, peladers, etc. some examples. COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL Retail Trade in Others SERVICES

Indicate clearly what kind of retail trade it is, like medi­ It should be clearly indicated whether service belongs to cal shops, booksellers, building material. etc. public administration, union government, state government, police service, quasi-government bodies, pnitary services, Restaurants and Hotels education, scientific and research, etc.

Restaurants, cafes and other eating places, hotels, room­ Personal Services ing houses, camps and other lodging places. Do not merely say engaged in personal service but indi­ TRANSPORT, STORAGE AND COMMUNI­ cate clearly whether it is domestic service, services relating CATION to laundaries, cleaning and dyeing plants, hair dressing pho­ tographic studios, international and other extra territorial (Do not merely say engaged in land, water, air transpon bodies, etc.

341 APPENDIX VIII CLASSIFIED LIST OF OCCUPATIONS i.e., DESCRIPTION OF WORK

(Questions 15A and 15B)

Professional, Technical and Related Workers share, auctioneers, commercial, travellers, hawkers and street vendors, money lenders, pawn brokers, etc., wIll also be (Do not merely sayan Engineer, Doctor, Teacher, etc., covered. in describing the work of an individual but furnish more pre­ cise particulars as given below.) Indicate clearly in respect of Service Workers engineers [0 what branch they belong such as civil, mechani­ cal, electrical, metallurgical, mining, etc. In respect of physi­ (There are all types of service workers such as those cians, scare ifcheyare allopathic, ayurvedic, homoeopachic, engaged as domestic servants or in personal services or in etc. Physiologists and dentiSts, etc., should be recorded. As police service or watch and ward, etc. Give precise particu­ regards teachers, state if they are university teachers, sec­ lars.) Hotel and restaurant keepers, house-keepers, matrons, ondary school, middle school, primary school or kindergar­ and stewards (domestic and institutional), cooks, waiters, ten teachers. There are various other types of chemists, physi­ bartenders and related workers (domestic and institutional) cists, archaeologists, nurses, pharmacists, health technicians, maids and related house-keeping service workers, building jurists, social scientists such as economists, statistiCians, ge­ care-takers, sweepers, cleaners and related workers, laun­ ographers, historians, anthropologists, etc., as also artisits, derers, dry cleaners and pressers, hair dressers, beauticians writers, painters, sculptors, actors, etc., draughtsmen, labo­ and related workers, protection service workers, such as ratory assistants, librarians, ordained religious workers, as­ watchmen, chowkidars, gate keepers, etc., other service work­ trologers, etc., who will have to be recorded with particulars ers. of theirwork. Farmers, Fishermen, Hunters, Loggers, etc. and Administrative, Executive and Managerial Workers Related Workers

(Do not merely say Government Officer, an officer in a Deep sea fishermen, inland river water fishermen, shell private firm or concern but give further particulars.) They gatherers, forest rangers, charcoal burners, forest product may be in government service or under a local body or in a gatherers, plantation managers, farm machine operators, business firm, manufacturing establishment or a catering es­ gardeners, toddy tappers, rubber tappers, hunters, bird trap­ tablishment or a transport company and so on. Their full pers, etc., will be covered. description should be recorded such as for example, Secre­ tary to the Government of India, District Collector, Munici­ Production and Other Related Workers, Transport pal Commissioner, Executive Officer of a Panchayat, Direc­ Equipment Operators and Labourers tor of a firm, Manager of a business concern, Proprietor and Manager of a hotel, elected and legislative officials, aircrafts (This may cover a very large variety of craftsmen and and ships officers, etc. operators, etc., whose work will have to be given in adequate detail.) Examples: minerals, Quarrymen, well drillers, cotton -Clerical Workers ginners, spinners, dyers, knitters, lace makers, carpet mak­ ers, etc., tailors, cutters,· hat makers, embroiderers, shoe (Do not merely denote the work of a person as clerk or makers or repairers; saddle makers, leather cutters, etc., black­ office worker but furnish further particulars.) State clearly smiths furnacemen, moulders, etc., cart builders, wheel the type of work done such as, cashier, accountant, stenog­ wrights, cabinet makers, etc., stone cutters, bricklayers, rapher, typist, computing clerk, key punch operator, office masons, hut builders, thatchers, well diggers, etc., jewellers, assistant, guard, brakeman, traffic controller, railway ticket goldsmiths, watch and clock makers or repairers, welders inspector, postman, telephone/teleprinter/wireless operator, and plate cutters, sheet metal workers, machine tool opera­ record keeper, despatcher, etc., office workers would also tors, electricians, electrical and electronic wire fitters, radio include peons, daftries, etc. mechanic, electric linemen, cable jOinters, carpenters, join­ ers, sawers, etc., printing type machine operators, proof read­ Sale Workers ers, photo-litho operators, book binders, potters, moulders, firemen, kilnmen, blowers and makers of glass, millers, bak­ (Do not merely say a worker in a shop but give details.) ers, confectioners, sweetmeat makers, food canners, coffee It should be clearly recorded whether the proprietor of a or tea planters, tobacco curers, graders and blenders of to­ business concern engages himself in wholesale or retail trade. bacco, bidi or cigar makers, snuff or zarda makers, tyre build­ Salesman or shop assistants, agents of insurance, brokers in ers, crane or hoist operators, loaders and unloaders, ecc.

342 APPENDIX IX

ILLUSTRATIONS FOR FILLING UP THE ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS FALLING UNDER QUESTION lSA OR 158

Broad Q. ISA (i) or 15B(i) : Q. 15A(U) or 15B(ii) : Q. ISA(iIi) or ISB(iii) : Q. lSA (iv) or 15B(iv) : classification Name of establishment Industry, Trade, Work description Class of worker ISAor 15B Profession or Service

2 3 4 5

l. C X X X X

2. AL X X X X

3. HHI Bhatnagar Ambar Charkha Spinning yarn in Ambar Charkha Spinning yarn FW

4. HHI Naresh Cotton Handloom Cotton handloom weaving Dyeing and spinning yarn FW Weaving

5. HHI Srivastava Flour Mill Chakki Flour Making chakki Winnowing and ciearning grains EE

6. HHI Chakravorty Oil G~ani Oil ghani Running oil ghani SW t.I '"t.I 7. HHI Yadav Blacksmithy Work 81acksmithy (making agricultural Tempering and polishing FW implements) Implements

8. HHI Paul Pottery Works Earthenware pottery Making pottery on the wheel FW

9. HHI Paul Earthenware Pottery Earthenware pottery Making and firing kiln EE Works

10. HHI Bhatia manufacturing of Carpentry· manufacturing of Carpenter FW wooden doors wooden doors and windows

II. HHI Sarafa·di·Hatti Goldsmithy Filling gold ornaments with lac FW

12. HHI Gupta Hosiery Works Production of hosiery goods Operator, hosiery machine EE

13. OW Verma Hosiery Works Production of hosiery goods Accounts Clerk EE

14. HHI Ram Polishing Metal Shop Electroplating Scraping and polishing metal FW

15. HHI Shyam cart wheel rings Production of cart wheel rings Putting iron hoop on cart wheels EE APPENDIX IX ILLUSTRATIONS FOR FILLING UP THE ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS FALLING UNDER QUESTION ISA OR ISB

Broad Q. 15A(i) or 158(1) : Q. 15A(ii) or JSBUI) : Q. 15A(iII) or 15B(IR) : Q. lSA (Iv) or 15BIlv) : classification Name of establishment Industry, Trade, Work description Class of worker 15Aor J5B Profession or Service 2 3 4 5 16. OW Ram Hair Cutting Saloon Hair Cutting Barber SW

17. OW Ram Bee-keeping Shop Production of honey Bee-keeping SW

18. OW Ram's livestock raising Livestock raising Tending cattle FW business

19. OW State Government Forest logging in forest Cutting trees in forest EE Department

20. OW Ramesh Tutorial Private tuition . primal)' classes Tutor SW

~ 21. OW Ram's gardening orchard Fruit growing-mango Gardener In mango orchard EE ~ ~ 22. OW Muthuswamy Coffee Estate Coffee plantation Farm labourer EE

23. OW Northern Railway Rail transport Travelling Ticket Inspector EE

24. OW Indian Ceramic Institute Research in manufacturing of Senoir Sdentmc Officer EE ceramic products (Ceremlc Research) 25. OW Office of the Registrar Central government service Senior Research Officer EE General, India (Central Govt.) (Vital Statistics)

26. OW Gypsum Supply Co. Supplying gypsum on orders Contractor supplying gypsum to ER Sindri Fertilizer Factory

27. OW Chittaranjan Locomotives locomotive factory Accountant EE 28. OW Delhi Railway Station Rail transport Goods shed porter EE 29. OW C.P.W.D. Road Construction Manual labourer (on muster roll), EE digging earth 30. OW Ram 1shouse construction work House construction Labourer, brick laying EE

31. OW Vegetable market place Vegetable market labourer General labourer SW carrying goods

32. OW Delhi Electric Supply TransmissIon of electricity with Machine Operator, electricity EE Corporation Sub· Station the help of transformer (State Govt. Undertaking)

33. OW Madan Brothers Retail shop In stationery stores Shop Ass~tant FW

34. OW Sahu and Co, Wholesale store for grains and Proprietor, wholesale trade FW cereals

35. OW Dayanand and Sons Retail shop of readymade garments Salesman FW and hosiery

36. OW Kaka Agrico. Dealing In hardware Sales Manager EE

37. OW Indian Iron and Steel Company, Manufacturer of iron and steel Boiler room foreman EE Bumpur (Public Undertaking) structurals ...1,H 38. OW Indian Airlines Corporation Air Transpon Air Pilot EE UI (Public Undertaking)

39. OW State Motor Transport Motor Transport Service Bus Driver EE Undertaking

40, OW Prakash Transport Service Goods Transport by Motor Truck Working proprietor ER

41. OW Medical College, Calcutta Medical and Health Service Radiologist EE Radiology Department of state

42. OW LC.A,R. Pusa, Deihl (Autono· Plant Protection Research Plant Nutritionist EE mous Body under Central Govt,)

43. OW Bimla Sugar Factory Sugar Factory Chemist EE

44. OW Akash Chemical and Pharma· Manufacturer of antibiotics Chemist EE ceutleal Factory

45. OW 1.1.C. Delhi (Public Undertaking) life Insurance Business Secretary Administration EE APPENDIX IX

ILLUSTRA TlONS FOR FILLING UP THE ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS FALLING UNDER QUESTION ISA OR 158

Broad Q. 15A(i) or 15B(i) : Q. 15A(ii) or 15B(H) : Q. 15A(iii) or 15B(iii) : Q. 15A (iv) or lSB(iv) : classification Name of establishment Industry, Trade, Work description Class of worker ISAor 15B Profession or Servlce

I 2 3 4 5 46. OW Government of Tami! Nadu State Government Service Assistant Secretary EE (Commerce and Industry Department)

47. OW -do· ·do· U.D.C. EE

48. OW Kundan Brothers, Jewellers, Jewellery works Supervisor FW ]aipur

49. OW Lalit's domestic servant Domestic Service Cook EE

SO. OW Ashoka Hotel, New Delhi Residential hotel Cook EE w .j\. 0.. 51. OW Club Recreation club Bearer EE

52. OW Ram's Grocery shop Retail trade in grocery Working proprietor SW

53. OW BhHai Steel Plant (Publk Steel Proudction Chartered Accountant EE Enterprise)

54. OW Howrah Jute Mill Manufacture of lute product5 Accountant EE in mill

55. OW ABC Film Studio Production of feature films Cinema Actor SW

56. OW Ruparekha Company Commercial sign painting Sign Painter EE

57, OW Portland Cement Co. Cement manufacturing Canvass bag maker EE

58. OW ABC Stock Exchange Share broker Share broker in tea & jute SW

59. OW ABC Business House Ltd. Discounting of bills of business Managing Director ER firms 60. OW Ramchandra Engineering Co. General engineering works Die Caster EE

61. OW ABC Paint Factory Manufacture of paints Ochra Grinder EE

62. OW Solan Breweries Brewery factory Distillation Plant Operator EE

63. OW ABC Chemical Factory Manufacturing of hydro chloric Grinder E£ acid

64. OW ABC Re·Rolling Mills Steel re·rolllng works Cleaner EE

65. OW ABC Cinema Cinema house Gate Keeper EE

66. OW ABC Engineering Works Iron and steel foundry Moulder EE

67. OW ABCOi! Mill Manufacture of mustard oil Foreman, Packing Department EE

68. OW ABC Company Motor body building factory Foreman, Saw MlII EE

69. OW ABC Aluminium Company Aluminium FactOlY Foundry Caster EE

70. OW ABC Iron Factory Iron foundry works Furnaceman, Boiler Shop EE Vol 0/> ~ 71. OW State Government Printing Printing works Mono Operator EE Press

72. OW ABC Small Tool Small tool production Brass Turner EE

73. OW ABC Social Welfare Board Social welfare organisation Honorary Social Worker SW

74. OW , Delhi Parliamentary Work Member of Parliament SW

75. OW Ramkishan Writer Writing for newspapers and Freelance Journalist SW periodicals

76. OW ABC Party Promotion of party's political work Political worker SW

77. HHI Ramchandra & 50ns Manufacture of silver jewellery Polishing silver ornaments EE

78. HHI Ramchandra & Sons Manufacture of silver jewellery Making of silver ornaments FW

79. OW P.K. Blur &Co. Manufacture of silver jewellery Proprietor ER

80. OW P.K. BhJr &Co. Manufacture of silver jewel~ry Accountant EE APPENDIX IX

ILLUSTRATIONS FOR FIlliNG UP THE ECONOMIC CHARACTERlSTICS fALLING UNDER QUESTION 15A OR 158

Broad Q, ISA(I) or 15B(I) : Q, ISAIlI) or 158(1) : Q. 1SA(fti) or 15B(I«) : Q. lSA (iv) or 15B(1v) : classification Name of establishment Industry, Trade, Work description Class of worker ISAor 158 Profession or Service

2 3 4 5

81. OW P,K. Boor & Co. Manufacture of sliver jewellery Sales Worker FW

82. OW Office of the Divisional Rail Transport Accounts Clerk EE Superintendent, Northern Railway

83. OW Raj &Co. Readymade garment shop (Retail) Proprietor ER

84. OW Raj &Co. Readymade garment shop (Retail) Salesman EE

85. OW Raj & Co. Readymade Garment shop (Retail) Sales Worker FW

~ 86. OW Madras Stores Grocery shop (Retail) Owner and seller SW 0) 87, OW Chunilal Rameshwarlal Wholesellers in cotton textile Working Partner* SW

88. OW Chunilal Rameshwarlal Wholesellers in cotton textile Purchase Clerk EE

89, OW Chunilal Rameshwarlal Wholesellers In cotton textile Working Partner* SW

t ASleeping partrer is not aworker. APPENDIX X TYPICAL SITUATIONS OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY S.No. Q.14A Q.148 Q.15A 0.158 Q.16A Q.16B Remarks

I. Yes Yes{ No X X ACultivator with no secondary work. Q. 16A & 168 do not apply.

2, Yes Yes{ Yes·AL X X Acultivator who also works as AL probably because of small holdings or need for more income. Qs. 16A & 168 do not apply.

3, Yes Yes.( Yes·OW X X Acultivator who is having secondary work as OW. Details of OW must be recorded, Qs, 16A & 168 do not apply,

4. Yes 2 No·H Yes{ X X Awoman whose main activity is running the household. She helps in the family cultivation and this Is therefore her mar· ginal work. Qs. 16A & 168 do not apply.

5. Yes 2 No·H Yes·HHI X X Same as S.No. 4except that her marginal work is HHI. De· & \i.i tails of HHI should be recorded In 158. Qs 16A 168 do ..,~ not apply.

6. Yes 2 No·O Yes·Al X X He/she is mainly 10' sometimes working a5 AL. Qs. 16A & 168 do not apply.

7. Yes Yes·OW No X X He/she Is an OW with no secondary work, Details of OW must be entered in Q. ISA, Qs. 16A &168 do not apply.

B. Yes Yes·OW Yes·OW X X He/she has secondary work which is also OW. Details of OW should be recorded in 15A and 158. Qs, 16A & 168 do not apply.

9. Yes 2 No·ST Yes·HHI X X The person works in an HHI but is mainly astudent, Details of HHI must be entered in 158. Qs. 16A & 168 do not apply.

10. Yes Yes·HHI Yes·OW 2 X This person has secondary work OW. Details of HHI in ISA and OW in 158 must be entered. Qs. 16A & 168 do not apply, therefore, the entry' 2' in Q. 16A is wrong, It should be crossed, APPENDIX X

TYPICAL SITUA nONS OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

S.No. Q.14A Q.14B Q.15A Q.158 Q.16A Q.16B Remarks II. NO-H 2 X Aman with no economic activity and not looking out for a job.

12. No-H 2 Like S. No. II, except that he is looking for ajob and has not worked before.

13. No-ST 2 X Afull-time student not looking for ajob.

14. No-R Yes-AL No 2 X This is an incorrect entry. If there is NO in Q. 14A there cannot be an entry in Q. ISA and 158. The entries in Qs. 16A and 16B are, however, correct.

IS. No-R Yes-OW No This is an incorrect entry for the same reasons as in S. No. 14. Either the entry in Q. 14A is wrong or that in Q. ISA. But if the entry in Q. 14A is right the entries in Qs. 16A & 168 can be correct. Needs re-questioning by the enumera- ~ tor, because it is likely that the person is doing some mar- V1 0 ginal work in which case the entry in Q. 14A would have been Yes, 148 'No' i.e., '2', 15A 'No' i.e., 'R', 158 'Yes' I.e., 'OW' and Qs. 16A & 168 do not app~, While writing, the enumerator may have made amistake initially.

16. Yes 2 No·H No X X The entry in 158 is wrong. It should be 'Yes', i.e., any of the four categories, because of 'Yes' in 14A and No-H in 15A. This is aperson who is mainly doing household duties and has some marginal work. The latter as reflected in 14 Amust be reflected in 15B. Note that Qs. 16A & 16B do not apply.

17. Yes Yes-HHI Yes{ X X If the person has mostly worked as HHI as recorded in ISA, then cultivation is evidently only secondary work. Qs. 16A & 16B do not apply.

18. Yes Yes-OW Yes{ X X The person is mainly OW but carries on cultivation as sec- ondary work. For example, he/she may be a government officer carrying on cultivation under his/her personal super- vision. Qs. 16A & 16B do not apply, APPENDIX XI STATEMENT SHOWING POST-GRADUATE DEGREE HOLDER AND TECHNICAL PERSONNEL SCHEDULES RECEIVED, ISSUED AND RETURNED

Name ofTownNlllage ...... Location Code ...... :......

1. Total Number of fonus received ------

2. Number of forms handed over to Households ------, 3. Number of filled in forms collected ------

4. Number of undistributed forms ------

Dated Signature of Enumerator

351 APPENDIX XII GUIDELINES FOR DETERMINING WHETHER A PERSON IS AN EX·SERVICEMAN

51. No. Question An~er Meaning Remarks

1. Are you an ex-serviceman? Yes Doubtful Needs verification 2. Are you in receipt of any Yes Confirmed No further pension? ex-serviceman verification

3. If 'No' to 2 Yes Confirmed No further Did you receive any ex-serviceman verifica tion gratuity at the time of retirement? 4. If 'No' to 3 Any date Confirmed he is No further When did you retire? after 1st not an ex-serviceman verification July, 87 Any date Doubtful Needs verification before 1st July, 1987

5. If date b~fQre 1st ]1.11. 87 Dismissed or Confirmed not No further Why did you retire? Discharged an ex-serviceman verification

Took Doubtful Needs verification premawre retirement 6. How much service did Less than Confirmed not No further you do in Armed Forces? five years an ex-serviceman verification

More than Confirmed No further five years ex-serviceman verification