Study & Analysis
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DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR = = KOC= HI CITY REGION 2031 = = (Draft) = = = = = = = = = = = = VOLU=ME I = = = = = SSTTUUDDYY && AA= NNAALLYYSSIISS = = = = = = = = = = = = = Prepared by: = = Depa=rtment of Town and Country Planning Government of Kerala = Kochi is the most promising growth oriented development region in the state of Kerala. Developments in the city and surrounding area have taken a fast stride in the last two decades. The Information Technology Institutions at Kakkanad, the International Airport at Nedumbassery, the new bridge linking Vypeen islands to the main land and the high impact residential and commercial developments in the city and the surrounding areas have caused direct and indirect development impacts in many sectors. These are exerting tremendous stress on the infrastructure components. The most apparent issues in Kochi City are the increasing traffic congestion and the degradation of urban environment. It is in this context that the Structure Plan for the central city of Kochi approved by Government in the year 1991 and the subsequent variations are reviewed. The zoning regulations of the Structure Plan were revised in the year 2007. Inspite of these, it is seen that all these attempts do not ensure satisfactory planned development in the city of Kochi and the immediate influence area around. Anticipating the future development needs and the population growth, it is envisaged that a revised Development Plan for Kochi city Region has to be prepared, published and got approved by Government. This Development Plan is expected to guide the constituent local governments within the city Region in their respective development actions and also guide them to formulate their individual development policies so as to be part of the whole. This Development Plan is prepared in 3 volumes - Planning studies and analysis, Development concept and Development strategies and Development Proposals and Development Control Regulations. It is hoped that the Development Plan would serve to realise the Development Concepts envisaged in volume 2. Development Plan is not just a Government document. It is a Plan of the various Government departments, Semi-government agencies, local governments and the public at large, without whose participation and involvement, the Development Plan for Kochi City Region cannot be translated as implementable and enforceable. The proposals in the Plan are not just confined to the planning area but to areas beyond the City Region. Implementation of the Development Plan proposals require understanding of the various proposals, translating them into programmes and projects and implementing them in a phased manner. The Development Plan needs to be reckoned as a Living Document by reading and understanding it, reviewing it, translating it into action programmes and revising the document in part or in full, as and when necessary without disregard to the general development strategies adopted. EAPEN VARUGHESE Chief Town Planner Department of Town and Country Planning, Kerala 16-08-2010 = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Why this Plan? 1.2 What the Plan aims at? 1.3 How will this Master Plan be implemented? 1.4 Statutory validity 1.5 Fate of existing Plans 1.6 Revision 1.7 Validity after 2031 Chapter 2 Aim, Objectives, Scope and Limitations 2.1 Aim 2.2 Objectives 2.3 Scope 2.4 Limitations Chapter 3 Planning Process 3.1 Legal Tools 3.2 Contents of the Development Plan 3.3 Planning process Chapter 4 History and Evolution of Kochi 4.1 History and Evolution of Kochi 4.2 Mattancherry Market Town 4.3 Development of Fort Kochi 4.4 Development of Ernakulam 4.5 Development of Cochin Port 4.6 Genesis of Kochi Corporation Chapter 5 Regional and District level Studies 5.1 Location and Regional Setting 5.2 Physical Features 5.3 Urbanization in Kochi - A comparison with the National and State Scenario 5.4 Economic Activities in Ernakulum District 5.5 Administrative Set-up in Ernakulum District 5.6 Major Projects in the Region Chapter 6 Earlier Planning Efforts and Studies 6.1 Review of Plan documents 6.1.1 Interim Development Plan for Cochin 6.1.2 Development Plan for Cochin Region, 1976 6.1.3 Structure Plan for Central City, Kochi, 2001 6.1.4 Development Plan/Detailed Town Planning Schemes 6.1.5 Vision Document for Kochi, 2002 6.1.6 City Development Plan (CDP) for Kochi, 2006 6.2 Review of Studies 6.2.1 Comprehensive Traffic and Transport Study (CTTS) for Greater Cochin Area, August 2001 by RITES 6.2.2 Traffic and Transportation System Study for Cochin City by NATPAC, 2007 6.2.3 Detailed Project Report on Kochi Metro Project by DMRC Ltd, 2005 6.2.4 Environmental Study of Corporation of Cochin by Centre for Environment and Development, 2006 Chapter 7 Major National and State Level Policies having bearing on Urban Development 7.1 National Policy for Inland Water Transport, 2001, Ministry of Shipping, Government of India 7.2 National Slum Policy, 2001 7.3 National Policy for Urban Street Vendors 2004, Ministry of Urban Development & Poverty Alleviation, Government of India 7.4 National Environment Policy 2006, Ministry of Environment & Forest, Government of India 7.5 National Urban Transport Policy, 2006 Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India 7.6 National Urban Housing and Habitat Policy, 2007 7.7 National Wetland Conservation Programme, 2009 7.8 Tourism Vision 2025 7.9 I.T. Policy for Kerala 7.10 Industrial Policy for Kerala 7.11 Kerala Port Policy 7.12 People Centred Service Delivery Policy for Kerala 7.13 Kerala Conservation of Paddy land and Wetland Act, 2008 7.14 Kerala Road Development Policy, 2009 – 2021 Chapter 8 Delineation of planning area 8.1 Planning Area in the context of a Wider Region 8.2 Influence area of Kochi City 8.2.1 Wider influence region around Kochi City 8.2.2 Immediate primary influence area (Planning Area) of Kochi City 8.2.2.1 The primary influence zone identified in the previous Plans and the concept of Central City 8.2.2.2 Need for redelineating the Central City identified in the Structure Plan and identifying Kochi City Region as the Planning Area 8.2.2.3 The Planning Area or Kochi City Region 8.2.2.4 Planning Divisions 9.1 Population 9.1.1 Growth Trend of Population 9.1.2 Spatial distribution of density of population 9.1.3 Age Structure 9.1.4 Sex Ratio 9.1.5 Literacy 9.1.6 Population Projection 9.2 Economic Base 9.2.1 Occupational pattern 9.2.2 Export and Import 9.2.3 Economy & Key Industries 9.2.4 IT/ITES 9.2.5 Tourism 9.2.6 Banking and Financial Sector 9.2.7 Port Activities 9.3 Kochi Today 9.4 Urban Form & Infrastructure 9.4.1 Urban Form 9.4.2 Labour, Education & Demographics 9.4.3 Overview of Real Estate Market in Kochi 9.4.4 Work Force Participation 9.4.4.1 Work Participation Rate 9.4.4.2 Categorization of main workers 9.4.4.3 Resource based industries 9.4.4.4 Distribution of Workers in Future Decades 9.5 Land utilization 9.5.1 Significance of the land forms of Kochi City Region 9.5.2 Existing Land Use 9.5.2.1 Water Bodies 9.5.2.2 Paddy/Marshy/Fish farms 9.5.2.3 Residential land use 9.5.2.4 Commercial land use 9.5.2.5 Industrial Land Use 9.5.2.6 Transportation Use 9.5.2.7 Public and Semi-public Use 9.5.2.8 Parks, Play Grounds and Open Spaces 9.5.2.9 Analysis of the existing land use study 9.6 Housing 9.6.1 Introduction 9.6.2 Existing housing stock 9.6.3 Below Poverty Line (BPL) and Slum Housing 9.6.4 Trends in housing 9.6.5 Housing Tenure 9.6.6 Housing need of the area 9.7 Transportation 9.7.1 Introduction 9.7.2 Characteristics of Transport Network 9.7.2.1 Road Network 9.7.2.1.1 Classification of roads 9.7.2.1.2 Right-of-way 9.7.2.1.3 Carriageway width 9.7.2.1.4 Availability of footpath and drainage 9.7.2.1.5 Bridges, ROBs, culverts and level crossings 9.7.2.2 Rail Network 9.7.2.2.1 Details of railway stations 9.7.2.2.2 Passenger and goods movement 9.7.2.2.3 Railway Over bridges and level crossings 9.7.2.3 Air Transport Network 9.7.2.3.1 Airport terminal 9.7.2.3.2 Details of flights and air passengers 9.7.2.3.3 Airport cargo traffic 9.7.2.4 Water Transport Network 9.7.2.4.1 Existing network 9.7.2.4.2 IWT routes 9.7.2.4.3 Passenger movement 9.7.2.4.4 Goods movement 9.7.2.4.5 Kochi port 9.7.3 Existing Traffic Characteristics 9.7.3.1 Traffic volume at mid-blocks 9.7.3.2 Traffic accumulation at level crossings 9.7.3.3 Speed and delay characteristics 9.7.3.3.1 Journey speed 9.7.3.3.2 Running Speed 9.7.3.3.3 Delays 9.7.3.4 Parking characteristics 9.7.3.4.1 Parking accumulation 9.7.3.4.2 Parking Duration 9.7.3.5 Pedestrian characteristics 9.7.4 Inter-city travel characteristics 9.7.4.1 Inter-city vehicular traffic 9.7.4.1.1 Inflow and outflow of vehicular traffic 9.7.4.1.2 Modal spilt of vehicular traffic 9.7.4.1.3 Pattern of vehicular traffic 9.7.4.2 Inter-city passenger traffic 9.7.4.2.1 Modal split of passengers 9.7.4.2.2 Pattern of passenger traffic 9.7.4.3 Characteristics of inter-city passenger trips 9.7.4.3.1 Purpose of passenger trips 9.7.4.3.2 Occupation of passenger trips 9.7.4.4 Inter-city goods traffic 9.7.4.4.1 Modal split of goods traffic 9.7.4.4.2 Pattern of goods traffic 9.7.4.4.3 Commodities transported 9.7.5 Bus Transport System 9.7.5.1 Bus terminals 9.7.5.2 KSRTC bus services 9.7.5.3 Private bus services 9.7.5.4 Density of buses on major routes 9.7.6 Intermediate Public Transport System 9.7.6.1 Growth of IPT vehicles 9.7.6.2 Operating characteristics 9.8 Infrastructure facilities 9.8.1 Water Supply 9.8.2 Drainage 9.8.3 Sewerage System 9.8.3.1 Current Scenario 9.8.3.2 Coverage 9.8.3.3 Sewage Treatment Plant 9.8.3.4 Present Situation &