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Local Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan for Kochi Municipal Corporation Prepared under Kochi Municipal Corporation LOCAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGYSTRATEGY ANDAND ACTIONACTION PLAN FOR KOCHI MUNICIPAL CORPORATION Funding Support Supported in India by Project Implemented in Kochi by Supported by: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change Government of India based on a decision of the German Bundestag Local Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan for Kochi Municipal Corporation Prepared Under the BMU Supported INTERACT-Bio Project INTERACT-Bio is implemented by ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability and supported by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU) through the International Climate Initiative (IKI). Year of Publishing: 2020 Copyright: © ICLEI South Asia (2020) No part of this booklet may be disseminated or reproduced in any form (electronic or mechanical) without prior permission from or intimation to ICLEI South Asia. Permission and information may be sought at (iclei- [email protected]). Suggested Citation ICLEI South Asia. (2020). Local Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan for Kochi Municipal Corporation. Prepared under the BMU supported INTERACT-Bio project. Prepared by: Monalisa Sen, Sony R K, Alex C J, Rithika Fernandes and Rahul Singh Design: Sasi Madambi Contact ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability, South Asia C-3 Lower Ground Floor, Green Park Extension, New Delhi - 110 016, India Tel: +91-11-4974 7200; Email: [email protected] 2 Local Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan for Kochi Municipal Corporation Message from the Honourable Mayor am extremely happy to present the Local Biodiversity I Strategy and Action Plan of Kochi. The same has been developed through the Integrated Sub-national actions for biodiversity supporting implementation of National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (INTERACT - Bio) project implemented in India by ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability, South Asia and supported by the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU), Germany, through International Klimate Initiative (IKI) and Ministry of Environment, Forest Mrs. Soumini Jain and Climate Change (MoEFCC), Government of India. Mayor, Kochi The city of Kochi is committed to mainstream biodiversity conservation into urban planning. For the same, the city has developed a vision to ‘conserve its biodiversity, maintain the uninterrupted flow of ecosystem services, and ensure sustainable, safe and climate resilient development by managing its mosaic of ecosystems through a participatory planning approach.’ With this vision, the Local Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan of Kochi has been developed. Kochi is the first city in India to have developed a scientifically informed and participatory Local Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan. I wish to express my appreciation to all the efforts put in by the ICLEI- Local Governments for Sustainability, South Asia and Centre for Heritage, Environment and Development (C.Hed) in developing the Local Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan of Kochi. 3 Local Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan for Kochi Municipal Corporation 4 Local Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan for Kochi Municipal Corporation Contents Message from the Honourable Mayor ------------------------------------------------------- 3 List of Abbreviations ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 Executive Summary ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 1. Introduction ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------10 1.1. Background of LBSAP --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 1.2. Scope and Objectives of LBSAP --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 1.3. Methodology Used in the Preparation of LBSAP ---------------------------------------------------------------- 10 1.3.1. Consultation Workshops ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 1.3.2. Technical Working Group ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 1.4. Format of LBSAP ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 2. Kochi City Profile ---------------------------------------------------------------------------13 2.1. Population ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 2.2. Environmental Context ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14 2.3. Socio-Economic and Cultural Context ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 2.4. Islands in Kochi ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 3. State of Kochi’s Biodiversity ------------------------------------------------------------16 3.1. Natural Asset Map -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16 3.2. Flora -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 3.3. Fauna ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 3.4. Agrodiversity -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 4. Obligations and Responsibilities -----------------------------------------------------22 4.1. Biodiversity Governance Models in India ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 4.2. National Level Policies, Guidelines and Legislation ----------------------------------------------------------- 23 4.2.1. Environment and biodiversity policy frameworks ---------------------------------------------------------- 23 4.3. Key Legislations ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 4.3.1. Environmental and biodiversity laws -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 4.4. Status of the NBSAP and SBSAP -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 29 4.4.1. NBSAP ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 29 4.4.2. SBSAP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 31 5. Local Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan for Kochi -------------------------32 5.1. Vision ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 5.2. Guiding Principles -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 5.3. Focus Areas ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 5.4. Biodiversity Goals -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 5.5. Actions Supporting the Goals ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 38 5.6. Linking LBSAP to NBTs -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 55 5 Local Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan for Kochi Municipal Corporation 6. Tools to Support Implementation of LBSAP ---------------------------------------59 6.1. Natural Asset Map -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 59 6.2. NBSAP - LBSAP Guidelines --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 59 6.3. NBSAP of India ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 59 6.4. SBSAP of Kerala ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 60 6.5. TEEB Manual --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 60 7. References -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------61 8. Annexure -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------65 8.1. Check List of Species Belonging to Various Taxa, Found in Kochi ----------------------------------------- 67 8.2. National Biodiversity Action Plan (NBAP) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 79 8.3. State Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (SBSAP) --------------------------------------------------------167 8.4. Proceedings of the Consultation Workshops for Developing Local Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (LBSAP) for Kochi City -------------------------------------187 8.5. Technical Working Group ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------235 List of Tables Table 1: Area wise distribution of natural asset classes (inside KMC boundary) -------------------------------- 17 Table 2: Habit wise distribution of flowering plants -------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 Table 3: Relevant National and subnational level legislations
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