NARRATIVE CON /TEXTS IN DUBLINERS Also by Bernard Benstock

APPROACHES TO JOYCE'S PORTRAIT (with Thomas F. Staley) APPROACHES TO ULYSSES (with Thomas F. Staley) BRITISH MYSTERY WRITERS, 1860-1919 (with Thomas F. Staley) BRITISH MYSTERY WRITERS, 1920-1939 (with Thomas F. StaletJ) BRITISH MYSTERY AND THRILLER WRITERS SINCE 1940 (with Thomas F. Staley) CRITICAL ESSAYS ON JAMES JOYCE CRITICAL ESSAYS ON JOYCE'S ULYSSES *ESSA YS ON DETECTIVE FICTION JAMESJOYCE JAMES JOYCE: An International Perspective (with S. B. Bushrui) JAMES JOYCE AND HIS CONTEMPORARIES JAMES JOYCE: The Augmented Ninth . JAMES JOYCE: The Undiscover'd Country JOYCE-AGAIN'S WAKE: An Analysis of Finnegans Wake *NARRATIVE CON/TEXTS IN ULYSSES PAYCOCKS AND OTHERS: Se an O'Casey's World POMES FOR JOYCE SEAN O'CASEY THE SEVENTH OF JOYCE WHO'S HE WHEN HE'S AT HOME: A James Joyce Directory (with Shari Benstock)

*Also published by Macmillan Narrative Con/Texts in Dubliners

BERNARD BENSTOCK Professor of English University of Miami

M MACMILLAN © Bernard Benstock 1994

Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1994

All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P 9HE. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and dvil claims for damages.

First published 1994 by THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTD Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 2XS and London Companies and representatives throughout the world ISBN 978-1-349-13127-3 ISBN 978-1-349-13125-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-13125-9 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library To Shari who doubles as "distant music" and with thanks again to Belinda Ghitis and Zack Bowen Contents

Acknowledgements viii

A Note on the Text ix

Introduction: A Confluence of Texts 1

1 Narrative Strategies: The Teller in the Dubliners Tale 8

2 Narrative Gnomonics: The Spectres in the Tales 32

3 Symbolic Systems: Correspondences in the Tales 58

4 Pounds/Shillings/Pence: The Economics in the Tales 84

5 Double Binds: Talismans of Immaturity 109

6 Duplicitous Bonds: Talents of Maturity 127

Index 167

vii Acknowledgements

Earlier versions of parts of the various chapters have appeared in the following books and journals, and I express my gratitude to their editors: Journal of Modern Literature, Twentieth Century Literature, L'Herne, Abiko Literary Quarterly, Rivista de Letterature Moderne e Cornparate, Jarnes Joyce Quarterly, Southern Review, Modern Fiction Studies, Twentieth Century Literary Criticisrn and The Languages of Joyce. I also want to acknowledge my appreciation to the Camargo Foundation in Cassis, France, where early segments of these chapters were written.

viii A Note on the Text

References to Dubliners are to the 1961 Viking Press edition edited by Robert Scholes. Quotations are by page numbers from that edition, with the title of the individual story indicated as follows:

Si The Sisters En An Encounter Ar Araby Ev Eveline Af After the Race Tw Two Gallants Bo The Boarding House Li A Little Cloud Co Counterparts Cl Clay Pa A Painful Case Iv Ivy Day in the Committee Room Mo AMother Gr Grace De TheDead

References to Ulysses are the 1986 Random House edition edited by Hans Walter Gabler. Quotations are by inclusive line numbers from that edition, with the chapter titles indicated as follows:

Te Chapter 1, Telemachus Ne Chapter 2, Nestor Pr Chapter 3, Proteus Ca Chapter 4, Calypso Lo Chapter 5, Lotus Eaters Ha Chapter 6, Hades Ae Chapter 7, Aeolus Le Chapter 8, Lestrygonians SC Chapter 9, Scylla and Charybdis WR Chapter 10, Wandering Rocks Si Chapter 11, Sirens

ix x A Note on the Text

Cy Chapter 12, Cyclops Na Chapter 13, Nausicaa OS Chapter 14, Oxen of the Sun Ci Chapter 15, Circe Eu Chapter 16, Eumaeus It Chapter 17, Ithaca Pe Chapter 18, Penelope

References to Finnegans Wake (FW) are to the 1947 edition (New York: Viking Press), incorporating the author's "Corrections of Misprints". Quotations are by page and inclusive line numbers. References to A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (AP) are to the 1964 edition (New York: Viking Press) edited by Chester G. Anderson. Quotations are by page number from that edition. References to 5tephen Hero (SH) are from the 1963 edition (New York: New Directions) edited by Theodore Spencer. Quotations are by page number from that edition.

Note regarding ellipses: those ellipses which are part of the text being quoted are indicated by closely spaced ellipses ( ... ), whereas deletions made by the author are marked by normally spaced ellipses ( ... ).