Chesapeake Shipbuilding • Hooper Strait Lighthouse the Convenience of Chevy Chase Bank

Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum Spring 2008

Chesapeake Shipbuilding • Hooper Strait Lighthouse The convenience of Chevy Chase Bank

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t must be spring – the osprey are diving for fresh fish, tourists are re-appear- WaterWays Iing from their winter hibernation, and the Museum is bustling with prepara- Spring 2008 tions for a new season. Mister Jim is up on the railway for her (his?) annual inspection and bottom scrub; the Lighthouse is about to re-open with all new furnishings and interpretation. New merchandise is rolling in for the Museum Volume 6 Number 1 Store, and the grounds are green and beautiful. But like so much other springtime activity, there is more going on below Editor the surface here that is getting ready to sprout. Michael Valliant We have begun the careful transfer of our library and archival collections [email protected] from their outgrown home on North Street to a much improved location in the Research, Resource, and Collection Center on Mill Street. These precious Graphic Design/Photography materials will finally have the environmental and security protection that they Rob Brownlee-Tomasso deserve. Soon, a small addition to the facility will provide new people space for researchers, volunteers and staff. The new reference area will be a more accessible and pleasant place to work, write and study the extensive collections Contributors that comprise the Museum’s treasure trove of historical information. Dick Cooper We are also preparing for the arrival of new artwork. Final preparations Robert Forloney have been made for hosting the 30th Anniversary Exhibition of the Ameri- Pete Lesher can Society of Marine Artists (ASMA), which will open here in the new Melissa McLoud Steamboat Gallery on July 25. Marine art in America is flourishing, thanks John Miller in large part to the work of ASMA, which set out three decades ago to revive Stuart Parnes this rich American tradition. This spectacular juried exhibition will showcase Kathleen Rattie the work of 100 artists and will include a wide array of media—oils, water- colors, pastels, scratchboard, pencil, sculpture and scrimshaw—and subject matter. In addition to the more traditional themes, such as recreational boating scenes, commercial shipping, historic vessels, or navies in battle, many of the ASMA artists have turned their attention to marine wildlife in their ocean Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum environment and coastal habitats. Navy Point, P.O. Box 636 Speaking of habitats, the Museum is planning to add some of its own as St. Michaels, MD 21663-0636 a new marsh exhibit along the Miles River. We will be constructing a “living shoreline” along the bulkhead that stretches from the Boat Shed past Water- 410-745-2916  Fax 410-745-6088 man’s Wharf to the Steamboat Building. Planting won’t take place until next www.cbmm.org  [email protected] winter, but informational signs will appear this spring describing the project and the important environmental benefits of undertaking it. Seed money (sor- ry) has come through a grant from NOAA and the Chesapeake Bay Trust. Contribu- The Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum is a private tions for the balance of the work are now not-for-profit 501(c)(3) educational institution. A being sought from foundations and indi- copy of the current financial statement is available viduals. If you would like to participate in on request by writing the Vice President of Finance, P.O. Box 636, St. Michaels, MD 21663 or by calling this project or its funding, please contact 410-745-2916 ext. 238. Documents and information me for more details. submitted under the Maryland Charitable Solicitations History, art and science—it’s all here Act are also available, for the cost of postage and waiting for you, along with the special copies, from the Maryland Secretary of State, State House, Annapolis, MD 21401, 410-974-5534. events listed later in this issue. Spring on over. It’s the perfect season to enjoy your museum. On the Cover A new mast for the skipjack Stanley Norman, photo by Nikki Davis. Davis is currently a photography student at the Center for Digital Imaging Arts at Boston Stuart L. Parnes, President University, in Washington DC. She came [email protected] to the CBMM Boat Yard to take pictures of wooden boat building. Contents

(Above) A Bay Day photo memory. Two of CBMM’s Bay Day visitors Features on April 19, take home a snapshot souvenir of the mini-skipjack, Spat. 30 Years of Marine Art 14

A new exhibition from the American Society of Marine Artists chronicles the result of three decades of outstanding marine art. Departments The exhibition opens at CBMM on July 26.

To the Point 7 Research & Rebirth 16 Calendar 9 How do you re-interpret a nearly 130-year-old Chesapeake lighthouse? You tell the stories of the people who lived and worked in it. To pull Wood Works 13 that off, you better do your research. By Melissa McLoud. Mystery Answers 23 Destination: Chesapeake Bay 19

Cruise ships have found the small Bay port towns such as St. Michaels and Oxford. American Cruise Lines has found a niche creating unique, off-the-path experiences for their travelers. By Dick Cooper

This issue of WaterWays was underwritten, in part, by the Talbot County Office of Tourism. Visit www.tourtalbot.org.

5 Week long, half-day camp NEW! for ages 4 & 5 and 6 & 7 Kids Club Camp led by educator Martha Hamlyn (formerly Bay Combers) at the Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum

4 & 5 year olds 6 & 7 year olds 9:30 to 12:30 9:30 to 12:30 week of June 23-27 week of June 30-July 4 Themes each day:

Monday Thursday A Pirate’s Life for Me Row, Row, Row Don your pirate costume Your Boat and come eager to learn Merrily row in a small 4 & 5 year olds 6 & 7 year olds about these outlawed skiff with an adult while 9:30 to 12:30 9:30 to 12:30 sailors. Listen to stories, learning about boating week of July 7-11 week of July 14-18 play games and hunt safety. Back on shore, Themes each day: for treasure. see other types of Bay boats at the Museum. Monday Thursday Tuesday Woodland Indians Float that Boat The Bay Below Us Friday Step back in time and Aspiring shipwrights will Discover surprises under Chesapeake Feasting imagine life in a Nanti- visit a working boat yard, the surface of the Miles Come with a big appetite coke tribe. Hear stories meet boat builders and River. Voyage on the for a Chesapeake feast. and learn about the lives learn about building a buyboat Mister Jim to Learn why the Bay is of the first people who craft. Then, we’ll experi- experience wildlife and considered the greatest lived along the Bay. ment with what floats pull up a dredge to create seafood factory and try and what doesn’t. a living touch tank. your skill at chicken neck- Tuesday ing for crabs. Together The Eyes of an Artist Friday Wednesday we’ll prepare and eat a Put on special “eyes” to Play on Our Bay Living in a Lighthouse crab cake feast. see brand new things in Go on an adventure and Explore the new hands- the Museum’s art collec- discover ways you can en- on activities in the light- tion. Then we’ll get out joy the Bay. See how kids house. Open doors and the paint and brushes and adults have played peek through cabinets and see what we can do! on the Bay. You’ll go fish- and closets to learn about ing off the dock, too. the lighthouse keepers’ Wednesday lives and work. Marsh Mucking Find out who lives (and who hides!) in those great, gunky, grassy marshes! Learn why marshes are important for animals and people.

*Members: $100/week Non-members: $120/week Chesapeake Bay * Membership rates apply only if camper’s parent or guardian is a member. Maritime Museum Program fee includes activities and snack. Cancellation Policy: There will be no refund for cancellations made within 7 business days of your Navy Point w PO Box 636 program date. Cancellations 7-30 days will get a 50 % refund and more St. Michaels, Maryland 21663 than 30 days will be entitled to a full refund. 410-745-2916 w cbmm.org Kids Club is partially funded by the Jim and Patty Rouse Charitable Foundation, Inc.

Space is limited and pre-registration is required. Scholarships are available for qualifying students. For more information or to register, call 410-745-2916 or e-mail [email protected] To the Point Museum Welcomes generated by boat sales is a substantial boost to the Museum’s operating budget and helps support programs and exhibits. 23 New Docents If you don’t mind rolling up your sleeves, Lad—and CBMM—need your help! Cleaning the boats up and detail- ing them does wonders for the boats’ appearance and ultimate resale value. “This is a really tangible way to do something for the Mu- seum,” Lad says. “We’ll take all the help we can get, and there are a number of simple tasks from which we reap huge benefits. Besides, I have a hard time keeping (CBMM president) Stu- art Parnes on task with a bucket and a can of AJAX, when he’s supposed to be sitting in a fi- Members of the Spring 2008 class of CBMM docents, along with CBMM director of education Robert Forloney, during one of the nance meeting!” final training sessions. In the end, the work and camaraderie are good fun, and Once through our admissions building, the first person a Lad takes care of his volun- CBMM visitor is likely to encounter is one of our docents. teers—his cookout for his help- There are a number of jobs to help get a boat ready for From a friendly greeting, to a thought-provoking, interac- ers at the end of the boat auc- re-sale! tive tour of the Museum, to fielding questions and giving tion is another annual event. For lunch and shopping recommendations, the CBMM docents more information or to sign up to volunteer with Lad, contact enhance and help create our visitor experience. Volunteer Administrator Melissa Spielman at 410-745-2916 This spring, 23 new docents completed the nine-week ext. 252 or e-mail [email protected]. training program making this the largest class in more than ten years. Get Out on the Miles! “Our latest docent class was the largest in recent memory and this is incredibly important due to the widely expanded Cruise with Mister Jim educational programming now offered at CBMM,” says Di- rector of Education Robert Forloney. “Docents are the public face of the institution. They guide visitors by facilitating in- teractive experiences, leading demonstrations, and assisting with special classes. We simply could not function without this core group of volunteers.” The nine-week docent training course leads participants through an orientation to the Museum and its exhibits, boats, and collection; provides background on the history of the Bay and the regional community; and covers interpretive techniques, how to build and lead tours, how to teach with objects and other hands-on learning opportunities. Congratulations to the 2008 docent class! To learn more about docent training and other volunteer opportunities, CBMM’s replica buyboat Mister Jim will be taking regularly please contact Volunteer Administrator Melissa Spielman at scheduled cruises throughout the summer. 410-745-2916, ext. 252, or e-mail [email protected]. For years our members and visitors have been asking for opportunities to get out on the water. In 2007, we were able to Lad Mills Needs… You! respond, offering regularly scheduled cruises on our replica This year’s annual Boat Auction is fast approaching on buyboat, Mister Jim, for the first time. These scenic cruises of Saturday, August 30, but Lad Mills, CBMM’s boat dona- the Miles River are back again for 2008! tions program manager stays hard at work throughout the On Thursdays, Fridays, Saturdays, and Sundays, Mis- year. Lad tirelessly searches for boats to be donated as well ter Jim will take regularly scheduled 45-minute tours on the as finding homes for donated boats year-round. Revenue Miles. The cost of non-member cruises is $12 for adults, $10 7 To the Point

Cruise with Mister Jim (continued) CBMM now eligible for funding via for seniors, $10 for military, and $7 for children ages 17 or under. CBMM members can cruise for $10 for adults and $6 the Combined Federal Campaign for children ages 17 or under. Cruises depart at 11 a.m., 12:30 The Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum has just p.m., and 2 p.m. been approved to receive funding from the Chesapeake On select days this spring, summer, and early fall, CBMM is also offering cruise aboard the skipjack H. M. Krentz with Bay Area Combined Federal Campaign (CFC). Captain Ed Farley. Skipjack cruises are two-hours long and of- CFC is the world’s largest and most successful annu- fer a unique experience to learn about working the water from al workplace charity campaign, with more than 300 CFC the captain who took James Michener dredging for oysters! campaigns throughout the country and internationally to Cruises aboard the H.M. Krentz are $35, $32 for seniors, help to raise millions of dollars each year. Pledges made and $18 for children ages $17 and under. The cost to CBMM by Federal civilian, postal and military donors during members is $32. the campaign season (September 1st to December 15th) All boat rides and cruises are subject to cancellation support eligible non-profit organizations from through- based on the weather. Please call Visitor Services at 410- out the world. 745-2916 ext. 142 to confirm times and space availability on The CFC provides Federal government employees particular days. with the ability to donate through payroll deduction. About 90% of CFC donors use payroll deduction, an easy and flexible way to give. Payroll deduction, com- Good Bye Crab Days, Hello bined with designations of their donation, affords Feder- Chesapeake Folk Festival! al employees the opportunity to ensure that their contributions support the charities that they care about, like CBMM!

finest artistic and musical traditions, along with a wide variety of living history, boat building, cooking and fisheries presentations with a special tribute to Chesapeake sailor Jim- my Wilson. Among those slated to perform are the singing groups, the Zionnaires and the New Gospelites. Check our website this summer for more information and put Saturday, July 26, on your calendar so you can be part of the first Chesapeake Folk Festival! ALL Comes Home

Crab picker “Miss Alice” Palmer, a fixture at Crab Days, will be a CBMM’s Academy for Lifelong Learning (ALL) is on part of the first Chesapeake Folk Festival on July 26. the move, literally and figuratively! With the sale of the Railroad Avenue property, ALL is returning to its birthplace If you show up at CBMM on Saturday, July 26, looking on CBMM’s campus. From small beginnings in 2001, ALL for our Crabs Days festival, you will still be able to sit down has grown steadily in membership and in the number and with steamed crabs, crab cakes or crab soup. But, you’ll find variety of the courses it offers to its members. A broad spec- a lot more on campus. trum of subjects has been presented over the years: from The Chesapeake Folk Festival, sponsored in part by the spirituality to sailing; from music to medicine; from poetry Maryland Traditions Program of the Maryland State Arts to painting. The Spring 2008 session now underway is no Council, will debut at CBMM that day and welcome artists, exception to this rule, offering twelve courses that have at- singers and aficionados of the Smith Island Cake among oth- tracted 132 participants. ers to Navy Point. The 2008 Summer Session of ALL will take place on This year’s inaugural festival celebrates the Chesapeake’s the Museum campus and the curriculum is in the planning people and traditions with the music, food, history, culture and stage and will include courses on Renaissance Art, Literature, artistic traditions that make Chesapeake region so special. and sailing events. For more information about ALL courses The daylong celebration will focus on the wide-ranging and membership please call 410-745-2916 or contact www. influences of Chesapeake culture, showcasing the region’s cbmm.org/all.html. w 8 Calendar Spring/Summer 2008 c 1900, National Archives the water as we discuss constellations, astronomy and celestial events. The entire family will enjoy stargazing on the Miles River. Meet at Admissions Building. CBMM Members $25, Non-Members $30

June Attracting Pollinators (Co-sponsored with Adkins Arboretum) June 11, 1-3pm May Join entomologist Ted Suman to learn about native pollinators, bees in particular. Pollinators provide Opening—Hooper Strait invaluable service in fertilizing many native plants and Lighthouse there are many ways of attracting more of them to Be the first to see the re-interpreting of our own Hooper your yard. Ted will give an introduction to pollinators Strait Lighthouse. The story is a keeper...or about the and lead a walk to look at pollinators around the ar- lighthouse keepers, more specifically! Through research boretum. Participants will also learn to make a simple and rethinking, Museum staff have re-created the exhib- bee box to install in their own yard. Pre-registration is it inside the lighthouse using the stories of the keepers. required. Call 410-634-2847 or e-mail info@adkins- arboretum.org to register. At Adkins Arboretum Ecology Cruise CBMM Members $15, Non-members $18 May 28, 9:30am-12:30pm Biologists Bob and A.J. Lippson, authors of Life in the 21st Annual Antique and Chesapeake Bay, explain the ecology of the Miles River aboard the Museum’s replica buyboat, Mister Jim. Get Classic Boat Festival close to nature on this hands-on science cruise. Meet at Admissions Building. CBMM members $30, Non- members $35 Haunted Lighthouse Tales & Sea Superstitions May 31, 2-3pm Award-winning author and storyteller Ed Okonowicz ex- plores the old belief that there is a ghost guarding every standing lighthouse. Shouted warnings, shipwrecks, mys- terious piano music, deaths at sea, apparitions and the effects of deadly storms are all part of this new program on unexplainable tales told about America’s lighthouses. CBMM members $5, Non-members $8 June 13, 11am – 5pm, June 14, 10am – 5pm Star Gazing Cruise June 15, 10am – 2pm May 31, 8-11pm This annual boat event is the largest of its kind in the Join us aboard (the Museum’s replica buyboat) Mister Mid-Atlantic region! It features over 100 antique and Jim while raising your eyes to the mariner’s night sky. classic boats, boatbuilding demonstrations, maritime DelmarvaSOLD Star Stargazers representatives OUT will join us on craft vendors, live music, food, and more.

To register for Museum programs, please call Helen Van Fleet in the Education Department at 410-745-2916 ext. 111, or e-mail [email protected].

9 Easterly Ensemble Concert Sunset Music Cruise June 22, 3pm August 16 , 4:30-6:30pm The Easterly Chamber Ensemble offers a concert of light Chanteyman Geoff Kaufman draws on the rich resources classical and pops music at the Museum’s historic band- of folk story and song, from ancient balladry to contem- stand. Celebrate the season with the first concert by this porary composition. Join us on the Museum’s buyboat new community ensemble. Donald Buxton, music direc- Mister Jim for a rousing evening on the Miles River. CBMM tor, conducts. Members $30, Non-members $35

11th Annual Boat Auction July August 30, 11am-3pm Boating experts and novices alike have the same op- Big Band Night portunity to bid on the boat of their dreams! Offerings include everything from wooden rowing skiffs to classic sailboats and modern power cruisers.

September “Chesapeake Bounty” The 11th Annual Boating Party Saturday, September 13 Join us on Navy Point for an elegant evening of music, dancing to the Golden Gup and exquisite food that will showcase the Bounty of the Bay. $175 per person; Bene- factor tables of 10 at $2750. To reserve call Julie Barnett, 410-745-2916, ext. 122, or e-mail [email protected].

July 5, 7-10pm Come hear jazzy big band sounds come alive on the Museum’s Tolchester Beach Bandstand. Stay into the evening to enjoy the St. Michaels fireworks over the Miles River. CBMM Members $5, Non-members $10 Chesapeake Folk Festival July 26, 10am-4pm Our folk festival picks up where Crab Days leaves off. You’ll still find crabs to eat at this celebration of the Chesapeake’s natural landscape, history, culture, food, musical, and artistic traditions. Join us for a day of musical performances, good food, storytelling, demonstrations, exhibits, and discussions. Log Canoe Race Cruises Sunday, June 29 “Start of the Season” Saturday, July 26 “Governor’s Cup” August Saturday, September 6 “Labor Day Series” Sea Chanteys 9:45-11:45am Saturday, August 16, 12-1:30pm Witness the action of log canoe races on the Miles For over thirty years, Geoff Kaufman has preformed in River from the Museum’s replica buyboat Mister Jim. concerts and festivals from the Eastern Shore to Europe. Observe the tactics of the skippers as they carry on Listen to songs inspired by watery environs during this a living tradition unique to our region. Each week- special program open only to CBMM members. Lunch end offers a highlight of this year’s racing season. will be included as part of this special event. Pre-registra- CBMM Members $30, Non-members $35 tion necessary. CBMM Members $17

To register for Museum programs, please call Helen Van Fleet in the Education Department at 410-745-2916 ext. 111, or e-mail [email protected].

10 Learn To Sail! Community Sailing Programs Junior Sailing Adult & Teen Ages 8-16 Basic Sailing Weekends Monday-Friday, 8:30am-12noon or 1-4:30pm This class will focus on providing adult and teen sailors with the opportunity to learn or improve upon their sail- Basic Level Course ing skills. Challenge yourself by learning the principles of Learn the basic skills needed to sail a small boat. Offers sailing a small 15-foot boat. Instructors teach small boat an introduction to water safety, rigging, boat handling, handling, boating safety, sand sail theory. This course is and docking. This course is designed for new sailors or designed for those with little or no sailing experience. those who need to solidify their skills before starting Members: $175, Non-Members: $200 the intermediate level. Most students benefit from taking this course at least twice. Ages 8 and up. Members: July 19-20, 8:30am-12:30pm $175, Non-Members: $200 August 2-3, 8:30am-12:30pm August 16-17, 8:30am-12:30pm #1 June 16-20 (am) #6 July 14-18 (am) #2 June 16-20 (pm) #7 July 21-25 (pm) #3 June 23-27 (am) #8 July 28-August 1 (am) # # Boaters’ Safety Course 4 June 30-July 4 (am) 9 August 4-8 (am) 6-10pm both evenings #5 July 7-11 (pm) #10 August 11-15 (am) Maryland boaters born after July 1, 1972, are required Intermediate Level Course to have a Certificate of Boating Safety Education. The Intermediate students learn more complex sailing skills, Certificate is obtained by passing a Department of Nat- such as right-of-way rules, boat handling, local naviga- ural Resources-approved course and is good for life. tion, and proper sail trim. Successful completion quali- The course is also recommended for anyone looking to fies students to participate in Tuesday evening member become a more competent boater. Members and Non- sails without an adult on board. Prerequisites: prior sail- Members: $25. ing experience and the ability to proficiently sail solo. Ages 8 and up. Members: $175, Non-Members: $200 June 10 & 11 July 22 & 23 June 24 & 25 August 5 & 6 # # 10 June 23-27 (pm) 13 July 21-25 (am) July 8 & 9 #11 June 30-July 4 (pm) #14 August 4-8 (pm) # 12 July 7-11 (am) About the Community Sailing Program The Community Sailing Programs are some of our most Advanced Level Course successful and long-standing programs. For the past ten Advanced students have mastered their intermediate years, CBMM has encouraged students to feel comfort- level skills and will focus on boat handling and sail trim. able on the water while providing public access to the Instructors will develop drills to fine tune students’ com- Bay at a time when public access has been limited. The petence and confidence in operating their boats. Activi- program teaches maritime skills and seamanship, and ties may include exploring aspects of dinghy racing, the provides students with experience and confidence. They racing rules of sailing, as well as racing starts and tactics. instill an appreciation of wind and water as a way of life Ages 10 and up. Members: $175, Non-Members: $200 integral to local history. #15 July 28-August 1 (pm) CBMM thanks the following for their support: The J. Douglas Tuesday Evening Darby Memorial Education En- Member Sails dowment; The Fichtner Family 5pm to dark, Tuesdays, Community Sailing Endowment June 17 - August 12 Fund; The David and Susan Py- Join friends and staff members les Community Sailing Program on our fleet of JY 15s. A lifeguard Endowment Fund; Sailing Club and safety-boat accompany Tues- of the Chesapeake, Sail Training day evening sailors. Previous sail- Endowment; The George Harry ing experience required. Weather Wagner Memorial Scholarship dependent. Members: $15 Endowment.

To register for Museum programs, please call Helen Van Fleet in the Education Department at 410-745-2916 ext. 111, or e-mail [email protected].

11 Location! Location! Lifestyle! Enjoy the lifestyle of Talbot County

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Drawing: Saturday, September 13, 2008

Benefits Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum educational programs and exhibitions

Visit cbmm.org/boatingparty.html to download your raffle tickets August 16 & 17 Spar Making (2 day) Learn the various methods of designing, gluing up and shaping masts and booms for small boats. September 27 or 28 Steam Bending and Laminating (1 day) Learn how to form wood into curved shapes by either steaming and bending or by laminating several layers. October 25 or 26 Sharpening and Hand Tool Use (1 day) Learn how to keep a sharp edge on your hand tools, how to properly use those tools and how to decide which tool is right for the job. The cost for these specialized classes is $60 per day for CBMM members and $75 per day for non-members. Classes will run from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. For more information, please contact Dan Sutherland at 410-745-2916 ext. 186 or e-mail [email protected]. Fundamentals of Rowing and Sailing Shipwright Dan Sutherland leads CBMM’s boat build- Want to learn to row or sail your boat better? CBMM’s ing Apprentice for a Day programs. Boat Yard will be running a series of courses on the “Funda- mentals of Rowing and Sailing,” on Thursday evenings. The A Bigger, Better Apprentice class will run from two hours from 6 to 8 p.m. at a cost of for a Day Program $10 for CBMM members and $20 for non-members. Boats Our popular boat building Apprentice for a Day (AFAD) will available for people to row and sail. The dates for these program is getting a makeover. In addition to the drop-in boat evening courses are: June 12, June 19, July 17, July 31, Au- building sessions on which AFAD has built its reputation, gust 14, August 28. the CBMM Boat Shop will be running a series of specialized courses each month taught by shipwright Dan Sutherland. Take Home Your Own Delaware Ducker Before coming to the Museum as our Boat Yard Program Manager, Dan ran his own boat shop in the Finger Lake region of New York for more than 20 years. He specialized in beautiful lap strake sailing canoes. His experience as a boat builder and teacher have energized the Boat Yard and added this type of new opportunity to the AFAD program. The special courses are curriculum-based with some last- ing a single day and some others meeting for two sessions. The schedule for the spring, summer and fall is:

May 17 or 18 Fundamentals of Rowing and Sailing (1 day) Museum visitors admire the lines of a Delaware Learn the basics of rowing and sailing small boats using Ducker, hand-built in the CBMM Boat Shop. the Delaware duckers as class boats; includes rigging techniques and safety issues. They don’t make boats like the 16’ Delaware Ducker anymore. Unless of course, you stop through our Boat Shop! June 21 & 22 The Apprentice for a Day program has been building these Lofting (2 days) traditional Chesapeake skiffs by hand, out of cedar and oak. Learn the basics of laying out the lines of a boat full size Skiffs built and sold as part of the AFAD program support the to begin the building process. program’s continuation. July 19 or 20 The Duckers come complete with sails and oars. They are Varnishing (1 day) a piece of Chesapeake Bay history and gems of wooden boat Learn how to refinish old varnish, touch up damage or how building. If you are interested in owning your own hand-built to build up a beautiful finish on a new project; includes Delaware Ducker, please contact Dan Sutherland at 410-745- stripping techniques and staining. 2916, ext. 186, or e-mail [email protected]. w 13 1

1. Charles Raskob Robinson Under the Scorching Sun at the Five Minute Gun 15 x 27 inches, Oil

2. Kent Ullberg Southern Stingrays 1 1 1 17 /4 x 10 /4 x 10 /4 inches, Bronze

3. Christopher Blossom Preparing to Transfer the Pilot 22 x 36 inches, Oil

2 30 Years of One of the largest and most ambitious Marine art is flourishing, thanks in exhibitions of contemporary American large part to the work of the American marine art, the 30th Anniversary Exhibi- Society of Marine Artists (A.S.M.A.), tion of the American Society of Marine which set out three decades ago to ad- Artists, opens to CBMM on July 26. vance the appreciation and understand- This show features exciting and var- ing of this rich American heritage. The ied art from more than one hundred of Society has championed this tradition by the best marine artists working today. A encouraging an ever-wider search for ar- wide array of media—oils, water colors, tistic expression through various media pastels, scratchboard, pencil, sculpture depicting maritime subjects. Today, it and scrimshaw—make this a most re- has grown to become the nation’s larg- warding experience for viewers and col- est organization of contemporary marine lectors alike. artists boasting over 600 members.

3 4

Marine Art 5 “We are especially excited to host ment and diversity in marine art and this this year’s exhibition,” remarked CBMM exhibition shows the tradition is very President Stuart Parnes. “For the first much alive and well. time, there is a significant environmental The exhibition will be on display at interest evident in these works. In addi- the Museum until September 22, 2008, tion to the more traditional subjects such before moving to its next venue, The as recreational scenes, commercial ships, Noyes Museum of Art in Oceanville, historic vessels or ships in battle, the New Jersey, just outside Atlantic City. viewer will see paintings and sculpture The Museum will offer a number of depicting marine wildlife in their ocean special programs in conjunction with the environment and coastal habitats reflect- exhibit. The exhibition catalog is a 107 ing a growing concern about ‘Planet page full-color publication, which fea- Ocean’s’ survival.” tures the artwork of the show. It will be Visitors will also find that as a group available for sale at our Museum Store. these American artists have an interna- For more information about A.S.M.A. tional purview, presenting coastal and or the 30th anniversary exhibit, please harbor scenes from countries abroad. In visit their website at www.americanso- short, there has never been such excite- cietyofmarineartists.com. w

4. Yves Parent Brant Point, Nantucket 8 x 16 inches, Oil

5. Robert Weiss John Paul Jones 1 3 5 7 /4 x 3 /4 x 2 /8 inches, Scrimshaw on Antique Sperm Whale Tooth on Rosewood Mount with Mammoth Ivory and Abalone Accents

6. Mary Louise O’Sullivan Green Rowboat with Blue Interior 28 x 42 inches, Oil Research & Rebirth By Melissa McLoud, Ph.D., Director, Breene M. Kerr Center for Chesapeake Studies

After serving for 75 years as a vital guidepost through the We decided that the new exhibit would tell the tales of tricky waters of Hooper Strait, the Hooper Strait Lighthouse the 11 lighthouse keepers who lived and worked in was finally replaced by an automated light in 1966. Slated for Hooper Strait Lighthouse. We would convey the de- demolition, the Lighthouse was saved that same year by the tails of their daily lives—the humor, loneliness, and new Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum, which moved the hardship—and try to communicate something of the structure to Navy Point. Since then the Hooper Strait Light- satisfaction it gave these men to know they were house has become the Museum’s iconic image and a treasured performing work of vital importance. venue for overnight programs for children and families. Inter- Such an approach was not without chal- pretative programs and tours of the lighthouse have conveyed lenges. Initially, we knew very little about the to thousands of visitors the critical role lighthouses play in daily lives of most of the men who had worked safe navigation and the economy of the Chesapeake Bay. Now on the lighthouse. Long-time CBMM members after 42 years, the Museum has brought new interpretation and volunteers Norman and Ellen Plummer of

Who were these men who were the keepers? What was it really like to live here? Did they really follow all those rules? What did they do for fun?

and exhibit techniques into the lighthouse exhibit. When we began to develop the new exhibit, we started by talking with a broad range of people: visitors of all ages, museum staff, exhibit developers from other museums, experts and lighthouse buffs, as well as people who evinced little interest in the topic and had never visited the Museum. From these conversations, we first heard the expected: “Make sure to keep that map that shows all the different kinds of lighthouses on the Bay…” and “The keeper’s most important job was to make sure that the light was lit from sunset to sunrise every day.” But we also heard from many people who wanted to know: “Who were these men who were the keepers? What was it really like to live here? Did they really follow all those rules? What did they do for fun?”

The Hooper Strait Lighthouse was originally located forty miles south of its current location — in Hooper Strait — where its light marked the location of one of the Chesapeake Bay’s many hidden sand bars.

c 1900, National Archives 16 New Life for the Hooper Strait Lighthouse

Easton, Md., had done an extensive study for us a good starting-point and we have incorporated much of Norm’s monograph, Beacons of their work into the new exhibit. In addition, we had two oral Hooper Strait. We began with histories with recent keepers in our collection that offered their research notes. They had rich details of daily life. read through and made notes We also found in our collection a wonderful memoir from the original records written by Keeper Lewis Carman (donated to the Museum housed in the National in 2000 by Carman’s son). Carman’s memories include: “My Archives and Coast favorite breakfast in those days was fresh caught trout, blue- Guard repositories, fish, croaker or most any local fish, boiled in salted water, and they had drained, peppered heavily, then splashed with smoking hot combed the bacon grease. A later version called Hatteras-style added raw census re- onion on the side and I do favor it. I cannot describe the taste cords for the but highly recommend it with good coffee and homemade, keepers’ genea- hot, yeast powder biscuits. After a month’s practice, I was logical data. tempted to challenge my wife to a contest, although I used This gave her recipes in most all of my cooking.” Carman also remembered: “I had and still have respect for nature’s moods and during those years had developed a fair knowledge of the signs of impending rough weather; also a nose for fog. A continuous watch was kept on the weather; it was far better for the

William Simpkins was 49-years-old when he became the keeper at Hooper Strait, after dredging for oysters for years with his brothers.

17 The exhibit features a recreated logbook accompanied by soundscapes of what the keepers heard.

know, kidding with us, playing with us and everything. And, I remember a little about his cooking and all. Because that was quite a chore for a man.” Herbert Yeatman talked about how his father got stranded when he was keeper at Point No Point Light: “Oh, this must have been 1912, 14, 15 along in there. Anyway, one time while he was out there, the whole Bay froze over and he was stranded out there for so long, a month or so, and couldn’t get to shore, and he ran out of food. So he takes the shelves out of the closets and all and builds a little scow, enough to float him if he broke through while walking ashore, and he walked on to shore with that little rig.” By dialing every telephone number assigned to a person with the name “William Simpkins” on the lower Shore, I located 78-year old William Edward Simpkins of Salisbury, Md., whose grandfather William O. Simpkins was keeper of Hooper Strait from 1924 to 1939. Although he was a youngster when his grandfather was keeper, Mr. Simpkins remembered that his grandfather was very lonely much of the time and that he got a pension for being a keeper, something that he never had in his previous job of oyster dredger. These memories informed the audio script that we wrote for the Keeper Simpkins who stars in the new exhibit, writing a let- ter home to his wife, Minna, on Christmas Day. We have hidden this new research throughout the Hoop- er Strait Lighthouse exhibit. The keepers’ stories and the details of their lives can be discovered inside the pot belly stove, under the lid of a paint can, in desk drawers, and under the bed. Very much hands-on, the new exhibit is really a treasure hunt, where visitors can uncover the stories of the keepers of the Hooper Strait Light and delight in their fog signal to be sounding before fog actually set in, than to discoveries in much the same way we did in researching and have it sneak up on you. After a few months’ observation, I creating the exhibit. w developed an inability to sleep if fog was imminent, unless the fog signal was sounding. In all those years, I was never caught off guard by a sudden storm or fog.” Memories such as these can make an exhibit come alive, but we needed still more of them if we were to give a full and honest picture of the lives led in our Hooper Strait Lighthouse. Over the past year Norm and Ellen Plummer, Pete Lesher, and I have conducted the original research necessary to create this kind of exhibit. We’ve traveled to and from archives in Washington and Annapolis, pored over arcane documents, deciphered elaborate nineteenth-century handwriting, listened to oral histories, interviewed surviving relatives … all to bring our lighthouse to life. Mining the collections at the Maryland Historical Trust, I found the oral histories of Chesapeake Bay lighthouse keepers from which we were able to extract several gems for our exhibit. Among my favorites are the remembrances of a young girl’s visit to the Holland Island Light in the first years of the last century. Speaking of the keeper, Frances Harstick recalled, “He Harold Messick kept the light from 1939-1941. He wrote liked the company, and he en- in his log how much he enjoyed his daughter Annalee’s joyed being with the children. (second from left) visits in the summer. I remember him laughing, you 18 Destination: Chesapeake Bay

American Cruise Lines ship American Star makes her way into St. Michaels Harbor and her CBMM berth. By Dick Cooper The first glimpse of the American Star comes as the middle of the historic harbor off the docks of the Chesapeake cruise ship’s red, white and blue funnel appears above the Bay Maritime Museum. tree line north of Deep Water Point. Within minutes, her With the steady hand of a sailor who has been moving crisp white bow cuts into the Miles River at 10 knots, bound large vessels for four decades, Thorpe uses bursts from the for St. Michaels. ship’s thrusters to turn her on her own length. As passengers Gulls circle overhead as Captain Henry Thorpe (pic- line the rail, Thorpe taps the controls on the port bridge wing, tured below) slows the 215-foot cruise ship, the newest in three stories up, to ease the ship sideways, stopping it less the American Cruise Lines (ACL) fleet, to a dead stop in the than a foot from the bulkhead. With a quick step, a deckhand is on firm ground plac- ing dock lines as thick as a strongman’s arm over the pil- ings. Within minutes, the gangway is in place and the first of American Star’s passengers are heading for the sights of St. Michaels, the shops on Talbot Street, or touring the Museum. Just another morning’s piece of work for Thorpe and his crew. Cruise ship docking has become a familiar scene in the harbor as the Museum’s waterfront attracts more and bigger ships. Niche cruise lines such as ACL have found that back- water villages of the East Coast, from Maine to Florida, are popular ports of call. Almost every week, from March through December, cruise American Cruise Lines Captain Henry Thorpe at the ships carrying from 50 to 100 passengers gunk hole their way controls of American Star. into small harbors once served by local craft and ferries. The new, small cruise ships, some of them being built on the Ches- The idea of sailing into small apeake Bay, are designed to get in close and personal with the seaboard villages that ocean-going liners can’t even get near. ports on the Bay is not new. Thorpe says his American Star draws just seven feet; shoal 19 The common sitting areas aboard the cruise ship American Star show the attention to detail given to American Cruise Line accommodations.

enough to dock in all but a few East Coast ports. business group, the Niche Cruise Marketing Alliance. “We have to anchor outside Camden, Maine,” he says. “But The 16 companies in the Alliance offer a variety of vaca- you can’t do a tour of Maine without stopping in Camden.” tions on vessels that include a five-masted sailing ship in the Most of the travelers are older, affluent, educated and well Caribbean, a riverboat on the Mekong River in Vietnam and traveled, says ACL owner Charles Robertson, who runs his a luxury small cruise ship that takes you to the islands of the fleet from offices in Guilford, Conn. South Pacific. “We describe our cruises as more of a cultural experience Lawrence Dessler, executive director of the Alliance, said than an entertainment experience,” Robertson says. “There is the market for small cruise ships has been steadily growing. less focus on gaming and discos and rock-climbing walls and He said most of the companies are privately held so there is more focus on more quiet entertainment including lectures by no hard data but the number of ships and cruises being offered historians and environmentalists and naturalists.” is continually increasing. He said an estimated 500,000 pas- The idea of sailing into small ports on the Bay is not new. sengers a year take cruises on the smaller ships, a fraction of The Steamboat Age on the Bay saw scores of vessels carry- the 14 million that sail on the super cruisers. ing passengers and freight on regular schedules for a century. “It is more intimate,” Dessler said of the smaller ships. “It They stopped at wharfs and landings up and down the Bay is like having your own country club, afloat. The well-trav- and along the East Coast. However, when the steamboat in- eled Baby Boomers are saying, ‘Take me someplace new or dustry collapsed after the opening of the first Bay Bridge in more interesting.’ ” 1952, anyone wanting to travel by water had to own a boat. New England saw a similar down turn in coastal vessels and in 1966, Captain Luther Blount of Rhode Island founded “Take me someplace new or the American Canadian Caribbean Lines. Blount was also a boat builder and designed his ships to be able to navigate in- more interesting.” land was well as coastwise waters. His ships were not glitzy but they carried passengers to places other ships did not go, He said part of the lure is that the ships have a yachty, per- including the Great Lakes. sonal feel to them that attracts passengers who are boaters. When Blount died in 2006 at the age of 90, his obitu- The ships also have a higher ratio of crew to passengers so ary stated: that the passengers get to know the staff on a first name basis. “Known in the travel industry as the ‘father of small Much of the intimacy comes from the way the ships are ship cruising,’ he designed, built and operated a fleet of U.S. designed. Flag overnight expedition-style ships for over 41 years, cur- Tony Severn, president of Chesapeake Shipbuilding Corp. rently operating as American Canadian Caribbean Line, Inc. on the Wicomico River in Salisbury, describes the vessels The line is renowned for cruising off-the-beaten path North he builds for the ACL as “purpose built.” The vessels have American waterways to areas traditionally only accessible by squared off sterns and slab sides because the naval architects private yacht.” want to maximize the interior space. All of the staterooms are Blount’s lead has been followed around the world to the on the exterior with windows or small balconies. extent that the small-boat cruise industry has formed its own Each deck has a public lounge area, a single dining room 20 were all of the guests are served at one seating and a large for- pert on the history of the Chesapeake Bay, is a frequent lec- ward lounge that is used as a social hall for cocktails, lectures turer on the ships. and movies. “We are all good friends by the time the cruise is over,” Severn says it takes about a year to build a ship from laying he says. the keel to putting in furniture and carpeting. Skilled crafts- Thorpe says, “It is amazing to me the number of people men—welders, plumbers, electricians, pipefitters and naval who meet on the ship, develop a friendship and then book a architects—use time-honored skills and modern technology cruise together later.” to make sheets of steel into a floating vessel. American Cruise Lines says that a third of its passengers “There is a fair amount of empirical knowledge involved,” have sailed with them before. “As far as we know, we have he says. the highest repeat rate of any cruise line in the world,” Rob- ertson says. The Thomases from Elmhurst, Pa., John and Jean, were We are all good friends experiencing the Chesapeake Bay for the first time as they disembarked from the American Star in St. Michaels, but Jean by the time the cruise is over said they have been on two other American Cruises. “We took the New England cruise,” Jean Thomas says, “And we did the During a tour of the yard, Severn climbs a scaffold to get River of Florida cruise.” to the deck of a tug being built for Vane Brothers of Balti- The Bay cruise starts and ends in Baltimore with stops at more. His voice is all but drowned out by the ear-piercing Yorktown, Tangier Island, Crisfield, Cambridge, Oxford, St. hiss of welders’ torches and the anvil-chorus banging of metal Michaels, and Annapolis. At each stop, organized tours and on metal. side trips are arranged for the passengers. Thorpe says that the Much of the work is done outside, year around. ship’s chef often buys local fare to add to the menu. “This is hard work,” he says. He says the St. Michaels stop ranks high with the Chesapeake Shipbuilding, which is also owned by Rob- passengers. ertson, last year completed construction of two large build- “It is the best stop on the Chesapeake Bay cruise,” he says. ings where work on ships will be finished. Severn says that “Our being able to tie up at the Museum, right in the middle the shipyard also conducts routine maintenance on the cruise of it all, who gets that experience? Our people can wander off ships to keep them fresh for the passengers. after the Museum closes, sit in the bandstand and watch the The small cruise lines try to pay close attention to pas- moon coming up over the skipjacks. I know that they see that w senger comforts and Severn says extra attention goes into de- as a distinct privilege.” tails such as soundproofing staterooms and finding ways to increase the size of the staterooms. Back on board the American Star, Captain Thorpe shows off one of the staterooms with a king-sized bed and a bath- room “as big as one in a house.” The small-ship cruise clientele expect better facilities because they are paying more for their tickets, which can run up to about $10,000 a week or more for a couple. “There is no hiding it,” Robertson says. “Our cruises are expensive.” By contrast, several large cruise companies advertise prices starting at under $800 per person for a week. Dessler, of the marketing Alliance, says those prices are low because the big cruise companies expect passengers to spend more for on- board extras that are often included in the small-ship price. For that cost, the passengers get a lot of personal attention, gourmet dining and other specialized services. Each state- room has a flat-panel television and DVD-player. The ships are equipped with Wi-Fi for people who bring their laptops and each deck has a computer station where guests who travel laptopless can keep up with e-mail. Each American Cruise passenger gets a nametag on a lanyard to wear at all times. “It is the perfect ice breaker,” Thorpe says of the tags. Instead of dancing and gambling, the small ships often build their social schedule around guest lecturers or themes. “Our market is the more affluent, more educated, more well-traveled folks so it tends to be more of a cultural experience,” Robertson says. “They tend to be a little more mature, Chesapeake Shipbuilding on the Wicomico River in certainly more educated and more intellectually curious.” Salisbury, Md., builds ACL cruise ships as well as handling maintenance on existing ships in the fleet. Donald Shomette, a marine archaeologist, author and ex- 21 22 Mystery solved, it’s Chesapeake City.

The Mystery Photo on the back of the Fall issue drew eight correct and partially correct responses identifying the location as Chesapeake City and the bridge as the highway lift bridge that was destroyed in 1942. We received more information about the bridge and location than about the tug in the foreground, a 54-foot steel-hulled diesel tug clearly named Gilbert, which was built in Baltimore in 1931 and called New York home port.

See the new Mystery Photo on the back of WaterWays and submit your answer by e-mail to [email protected].

1. I think the mystery photo in the fall issue of the WaterWays is the old vertical lift bridge (built in 1927) in Chesapeake C&D Canal, Chesapeake City, Maryland. Herman Hollerith, Jr. Collection, CBMM City, Md.—which spanned the C&D canal. The picture, looking east, was taken before a German freighter knocked down the lift bridge in July 1942. It took seven years to replace the not have a boat basin that I know of, so it is not this one. bridge—but this time with fixed suspension arch bridge. Bridge pictured is too wide for a single track railroad, either. John Ferman Since the photo includes a boat basin my answer is going to be Chesapeake City, Md. 2. As a youngster, I spent my summers at my grandparents’ farm William L. Baxter (Chesapeake, Va.) in Chesapeake City in Cecil County. I do remember a bridge of this type crossing the C&D Canal; it may still be used. But 6. The “Mystery Photo” pictured in the Fall edition is of the there was another one that crossed it that connected North and Chesapeake and Delaware Canal at Chesapeake City. The South Chesapeake City, but it met its demise during WWII. vertical lift span bridge in the scene preceded the bridge My parents lived there at the time because my dad worked presently at this location. The bridge and the dress of the as a guard at a munitions factory somewhere in the county. men on the fuel barge date this photo to the 1930 ties. One day in 1942, they heard a loud crash, the sound of grating Though I must admit, I never saw this scene with my metal and the bridge collapse before their eyes. A ship was own eyes (I was born in December 1945) and remembered too high, the bridge too low or it ran off course in the narrow similar pictures in family photo albums. John Thomas Tru- canal. Or SABOTAGE! Sheer speculation, but the canal was itt (“Tom”), 1892-1953, my maternal grandfather and dock important to shipping. (It kept freighters out of the sights of master at Sinclair Refining, took many like it while passing German U-Boats that prowled the East coasts shipping lanes.) through the canal on his way from Marcus Hook to “Rock” Between ‘42 and ‘49 a ferry was used to cross the canal. In fishing in the bay. Not far from the scene pictured was a pop- 1949 a new bridge opened, which my grandfather worked on. ular fuel and provision stop located where Schaffer’s Canal It is the Chesapeake City Bridge that Route 213 now crosses. House (or whatever it’s now called) stood. If this is not the bridge in question, at least you’ll add to There’s an untold story of Eastern Shore and Delmarva émi- your repertoire of Maryland history. grés who, at the turn of the century, migrated to Marcus Hook Sincerely, Carl S. Rulis, McDaniel, Md. and Chester, Pa., for work in the new oil refineries and ship- yards. Among them was John Malcom Truitt, a ship’s carpen- 3. Location of tug and crane barge is Chesapeake City, Md., at ter and my great grandfather, who became head of Sun Oil’s the C&D Canal. carpentry department. And many of those early fuel barges Robert J. Lewis, Bethany Beach, Del. running between Baltimore and Marcus Hook, recalled in the Summer edition of “Waterways,” were crewed by folks from 4. The Fall 2007 Mystery Photo shows South Chesapeake City the Shore who settled around “Hook.” on the C&D Canal. The drawbridge plus the image of Frank- Behind Sun’s main gate on Delaware Avenue is a monu- lin Hall in the background clearly indicates the location. The ment to the more than 100 members of the Sun Oil Company photo would have been taken prior to July 28, 1942. On that marine department who lost their lives during WWII (nine day, the (former) German ship, the Franz Klasen, in an ac- ships sunk or severely damaged). Many of the surnames on cident, hit and knocked the bridge down. A new high span the monument are common to the Eastern Shore. bridge was not completed until 1949 due to delays caused by Walter Hodges World War II. The “new” bridge is still in use today. Alexander (Sandy) Slater III 7. I believe that this may be a section of the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal.... The tug, Gilbert, is diesel powered but 5. I just recently read an article somewhere about a lift bridge still has kerosene running lights. being ran down by a ship. It had a picture of a ferry crossing Fred Hecklinger the C&D Canal that I believe in later years became the Ches- apeake and ran between Old Point Comfort and Willoughby 8. This looks like the Chesapeake City lift bridge. The bridge Spit and then moved to the Jamestown run. I believe the was destroyed by the tanker Franz Klasen in 1942. article was about the St. Georges Bridge. St. Georges does Eric A. van Venrooy, D.D.S., Worton, Md. 23 Mystery Photo

Can you identify where we are in this photo? How about when it was taken? Can you tell us anything about the types of vessels and the functions of the bridges? The answer and the names of the readers who get it right will appear in the winter issue of WaterWays. Send your answers by e-mail to [email protected]. Photo from the Frank A. Moorshead, Jr. Collection, CBMM.

Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum Non-Profit Org. Navy Point w PO Box 636 U.S. Postage Paid St. Michaels, MD 21663 Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum www.cbmm.org