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Home , Alex Salmond, Bob Cryer, Dual mandate, Peter Law, Tom Ellis (politician)

PARLIAMENTARY INFORMATION LIST Number 04101, 26 September 2017

Members of Compiled by

holding dual mandates Ben Goldberg

Dual mandate (commonly known as ‘double jobbing’) refers to the situation when elected representatives hold seats in another elected body at the same time. This list looks at MPs who held dual mandates in the House of Commons and other since the UK joined the European Economic Community in 1973: • Assembly - Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) • - Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) • National Assembly for - Assembly Member (AM) • - Member of the European Parliament (MEP) How many Members currently hold dual mandates? There are currently no MPs holding dual mandates between the House of Commons and the above bodies. Is this a new development? This is not a recent development in Wales and , where all 18 MPs elected to the devolved legislatures in 1999 resigned from either Westminster or the devolved within two years. Since then, only held a for an extended period of time. It is more historically unusual in Northern Ireland, where 16 out of 18 Northern Ireland MPs also sat in the Assembly as recently as 2010. and John Hume are the only MPs to have held a triple mandate for any period of time. Both sat in the House of Commons, Northern Ireland Assembly and European Parliament simultaneously. Are dual mandates still permitted? Dual mandates are no longer permitted between the House of Commons and the European, Northern Ireland and Welsh legislatures. Dual mandates are still permitted between the House of Commons and the Scottish Parliament, though there are no MPs in this category at present. The two MSPs elected as MPs in the 2017 general election resigned from the Scottish Parliament immediately upon election. How and why were dual mandates banned? National Assembly for Wales The bans the holding of dual mandates between Assembly for Wales and House of Commons. The Act provides that an existing MP elected as an AM www.parliament.uk/commons-library | intranet.parliament.uk/commons-library | [email protected] | @commonslibrary 2 Dual Mandate Members of Parliament

has 8 days grace to resign from the House of Commons, while an existing AM elected as an MP must resign immediately from the Assembly. Those elected as an AM and MP in close proximity have 8 days to choose a seat. One exception is that an existing AM elected as an MP within 372 days of an expected Assembly election is under no obligation to resign from Parliament. This provision is intended to minimise the disruption and cost of by-elections. The Secretary of State for Wales justified the changes as a response to the increased workload of AMs following the 2011 of further powers.1 While there was cross party consensus that dual mandates were undesirable, the argued prior to legislation that outlawing the practice was unnecessary and judgement on those seeking a dual mandate was best left to the electorate.2 Northern Ireland Assembly Dual mandates between the House of Commons and the Northern Ireland Assembly are prohibited by the Northern Ireland (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2014. The Act provides that an existing MP elected as an MLA has 8 days to resign from the House of Commons, while an existing MLA elected as an MP must resign immediately from the Assembly. Those elected as an MLA and MP in close proximity have 8 days to choose a seat. The banning of dual mandates in Northern Ireland followed increasing criticism of the practice in the aftermath of the 2009 MPs’ expenses scandal. The Committee on Standards in Public Life highlighted the prevalence of dual mandates in Northern Ireland as of special concern when it recommended ending the ability to sit in the House of Commons and devolved legislatures.3 The Conservative Party included a promise to ban dual mandates in Northern Ireland in their manifesto for the 2010 general election. All the major political parties in Northern Ireland independently committed to ending the practice, and no MPs held dual mandates by the time of the 2016 Assembly elections. Note: Although the Northern Ireland Assembly was suspended from 14th October 2002 to 26 March 2007 and direct rule imposed, an election was held in 2003. MLAs acted in a non-legislative capacity, assisting in preparations for the return of devolved government.4 European Parliament A European Council Decision5 in 2002 banned dual mandates between national legislatures and the European Parliament with effect from July 2004. This Decision followed a continued decline in the number of MEPs with dual mandates in all member states, from 105 at the time of the first election in 1979 (25.6% of the European Parliament) to 8 in 1999 (1.2% of total).6

1 House of Commons Welsh Affairs Committee, Oral Evidence: Pre-legislative scrutiny of the Draft Wales Bill, HC 962, 30 January 2014, Q 420 2 House of Commons Welsh Affairs Committee, Written Evidence: Pre-legislative Scrutiny of the Draft Wales Bill ; House of Commons Welsh Affairs Committee, Oral Evidence: Pre-legislative scrutiny of the Draft Wales Bill, HC 962, 30 January 2014, Q349-353 3 Committee on Standards in Public Life – MPs’ expenses and allowances, 1 November 2009, p.95 4 Northern Ireland Assembly website: History of the Assembly 5 Act concerning the election of Members of the European Parliament by direct universal suffrage, as amended in 2002 6 Anthony Teasdale, Penguin Companion to European Union (2012), additional website entry 3 Commons Library Briefing, 25 September 2017

MPs with dual mandates Dual mandates with the Northern Ireland Assembly Name Party Assembly Westminster Time period Reason for Constituency Constituency end of dual mandate Gregory DUP East East 8 June 2001 Resigned as Campbell Londonderry Londonderry – 7 May MLA before 2016 2016 assembly elections Tom Elliott UUP Fermanagh Fermanagh 8 May 2015 Resigned as and South and South – 24 June MLA after Tyrone Tyrone 2015 2015 GE

Mickey Brady Sinn Fein Newry and Newry and 8 May 2015 Resigned as Armagh Armagh – 8 June MLA after 2015 2015 GE Daniel UUP South Antrim South Antrim 8 May 2015 Resigned as Kinahan – 24 June MLA after 2015 2015 GE Sammy DUP East Antrim East Antrim 5 May 2005 Resigned as Wilson – 11 August MLA after 2015 2015 GE Alasdair SDLP Belfast South Belfast South 5 May 2005 Resigned as McDonnell – 21 June MLA after 2015 2015 GE Francie Sinn Fein Mid Ulster Mid Ulster 7 March Resigned as Molloy 2013 – 8 MLA after April 2013 2013 UK by- election Martin Sinn Fein Mid Ulster Mid Ulster 25 June Resigned as McGuinness 1998 – 2 MP January 2013 Michelle Sinn Fein Fermanagh Fermanagh 7 June 2001 Resigned as Gildernew and South and South – 7 July 2012 MLA Tyrone Tyrone

Pat Doherty Sinn Fein West Tyrone West Tyrone 8 June 2001 Resigned as – 7 July 2012 MLA Conor Sinn Fein Newry and Newry and 5 May 2005 Resigned as Murphy Armagh Armagh – 7 July 2012 MLA

Gerry Adams Sinn Fein Belfast West Belfast West 25 June Resigned as 1998 – 7 MLA in 2010 December 2010 SDLP Foyle Foyle 5 May 2005 Resigned as – 9 MLA in 2010 November 2010 DUP Belfast North Belfast North 7 June 2001 Resigned as – 10 MLA in 2010 4 Dual Mandate Members of Parliament

September 2010 Rev William DUP Mid-Ulster; South Antrim 5 May 2005 Resigned as McCrea South Antrim – 1 July 2010 MLA in 2010

Jeffrey DUP Lagan Valley Lagan Valley 26 Resigned as Donaldson November MLA in 2010 2003 – 9 June 2010 Ian Paisley DUP North Antrim North Antrim 25 June Did not 1998 – 12 stand in April 2010 2010 GE Peter DUP Belfast East Belfast East 25 June Lost seat as Robinson 1998 – 12 MP in 2010 April 2010 GE Iris Robinson DUP Strangford Strangford 7 June 2001 Resigned as – 12 January MLA and MP 2010 in 2010 David UUP Upper Bann Upper Bann 25 June Lost seat as Trimble 1998 – 5 MP in 2005 May 2005 GE Eddie SDLP South Down South Down 25 June Did not McGrady 1998 – 26 stand in November 2003 2003 Assembly election Seamus SDLP Newry and Newry and 25 June Did not Mallon Armagh Armagh 1998 – 26 stand in November 2003 2003 Assembly election John Taylor UUP Strangford Strangford 25 June Did not 1998 – 14 stand in May 2001 2001 election Robert UK Unionist North Down North Down 25 June Lost seat as McCartney Party 1998 – 14 MP in 2001 May 2001 GE John Hume SDLP Foyle Foyle 25 June Resigned as 1998 – 1 MLA in 2000 December 2000 Sinn Fein West Belfast West Belfast 9 June 1983 Assembly – 19 June abolished in 1986 1986 Clifford UUP South Antrim South Antrim 9 June 1983 Assembly Forsythe – 19 June abolished in 1986 1986 John Hume SDLP Londonderry Foyle 9 June 1983 Assembly – 19 June abolished in 1986 1986 5 Commons Library Briefing, 25 September 2017

James UUP North Down North Down 20 October Assembly Kilfedder 1982 - 19 abolished in June 1986 1986

Ken UUP Fermanagh Fermanagh 9 June 1983 Assembly Maginnis and South and South – 19 June abolished in Tyrone Tyrone 1986 1986

Seamus SDLP Armagh Newry and 24 January Assembly Mallon Armagh 1986 – 19 abolished in June 1986 1986 Rev William DUP Mid-Ulster Mid-Ulster 9 June 1983 Assembly McCrea – 19 June abolished in 1986 1986 Harold UUP Armagh Armagh; 20 October Assembly McCusker Upper Bann 1982 - 19 abolished in June 1986 1986

James UUP South Antrim South 20 October Assembly Molyneaux Antrim;Lagan 1982 - 19 abolished in Valley June 1986 1986

Ian Paisley DUP North Antrim North Antrim 20 October Assembly 1982 - 19 abolished in June 1986 1986

Peter DUP Belfast East Belfast East 20 October Assembly Robinson 1982 - 19 abolished in June 1986 1986

Martin Smyth UUP South Belfast Belfast South 20 October Assembly 1982 - 19 abolished in June 1986 1986

John Taylor UUP North Down Strangford 9 June 1983 Assembly – 19 June abolished in 1986 1986 Jim UUP Armagh Newry and 9 June 1983 Lost seat as Nicholson Armagh – 17 MP in 1985 December by-election 1985 Owen Carron SF Fermanagh Fermanagh 20 October Lost seat as and South and South 1982 – 13 MP in 1983 Tyrone Tyrone May 1983 GE

Note: Gerry Adams, Peter Robinson, John Hume, Ian Paisley all held dual mandates on two separate occasions.

6 Dual Mandate Members of Parliament

Dual mandates with the Scottish Parliament Name Party Scottish Westminster Period Reason for Parliament Constituency end of dual Constituency mandate Alex SNP Aberdeenshire Gordon 8 May 2015 Did not Salmond East – 24 March stand in 2016 2016 Scottish election Margaret Lab Glasgow Glasgow East 6 May 2010 Did not Curran Baillieston – 22 March stand in 2011 2011 Scottish election Cathy Lab Carrick. & 6 May 2010 Did not Jamieson Cumnock and Loudoun – 22 March stand in Doon Valley 2011 2011 Scottish election Alex SNP Gordon + Banff and 3 May 2007 Did not Salmond Aberdeenshire Buchan – 12 April stand in East 2010 2010 UK election Malcolm Lab Edinburgh 6 May 1999 Did not Chisholm North and North and – 14 May stand in Leith Leith 2001 2001 UK election Roseanna SNP Perth Perth 6 May 1999 Did not Cunningham – 14 May stand in 2001 2001 UK election Margaret SNP Moray Moray 6 May 1999 Did not Ewing – 14 May stand in 2001 2001 UK election Sam Lab Strathkelvin Strathkelvin 6 May 1999 Retired Galbraith and Bearsden and Bearsden – 14 May (2001) 2001 Donald LD Central Edinburgh 6 May 1999 Did not Gorrie Scotland West – 14 May stand in 2001 2001 UK election John Home Lab East Lothian East Lothian 6 May 1999 Did not Robertson – 14 May stand in 2001 2001 UK election John Lab East Dundee East 6 May 1999 Did not McAllion – 14 May stand in 2001 2001 UK election 7 Commons Library Briefing, 25 September 2017

Henry Lab Central Fife Central Fife 6 May 1999 Did not McLeish – 14 May stand in 2001 2001 UK election Alasdair SNP Galloway and Galloway and 6 May 1999 Did not Morgan Upper Upper – 14 May stand in Nithsdale Nithsdale 2001 2001 UK election Alex SNP Banff and Banff and 6 May 1999 Resigned as Salmond Buchan Buchan – 14 May MSP (2001) 2001 John SNP North Tayside North Tayside 6 May 1999 Did not Swinney – 14 May stand in 2001 2001 UK election Jim Wallace LD Orkey Orkney and 6 May 1999 Did not Shetland – 14 May stand in 2001 2001 UK election Andrew SNP Angus Angus 6 May 1999 Did not Welsh – 14 May stand in 2001 2001 UK election Donald Lab Glasgow Glasgow 6 May 1999 Deceased Dewar Anniesland Anniesland – 11 October 2000

Note: Alex Salmond held a dual mandate on three separate occasions 8 Dual Mandate Members of Parliament

Dual mandates with the National Assembly for Wales Name Party National Westminster Time period Reason for Assembly Constituency end of dual Constituency mandate Alun Cairns Con South Wales Vale of 6 May 2010 Did not West Glamorgan – 6 May stand in 2011 2011 Assembly election David T.C. Con Monmouth Monmouth 5 May 2005 Did not Davies – 3 May stand in 2007 2007 Assembly election Multiple7 Blaneau Blaneau 5 May 2005 Deceased Gwent Gwent – 25 April 2006 Ronald Lab Caerphilly Caerphilly 6 May 1999 Did not Davies – 14 May stand in 2001 2001 General Election Ieuan Wyn PC Ynys Mon Ynys Mon 6 May 1999 Did not Davies – 14 May stand in 2001 2001 General Election Lab Wrexham 6 May 1999 Did not – 14 May stand in 2001 2001 General Election Dafydd PC Caernarfon Caernarfon 6 May 1999 Did not Wigley – 14 May stand in 2001 2001 General Election Lab Mid and West South 6 May 1999 Resigned as Wales & Penarth – 1 May AM (2000) 2000 Cynog Dafis PC Mid and West Ceredigion 6 May 1999 Resigned as Wales – 10 January MP (2000) 2000

7 Lab/co-op + Blaneau Gwent People's Voice + Independent

9 Commons Library Briefing, 25 September 2017

Dual mandates with the European Parliament

Name Party European Westminster Time Reason for Parliament Constituency period end of dual Constituency mandate John Hume SDLP Northern Foyle 10 June Dual Ireland 1983 – 10 mandates June 2004 prohibited by European Parliament Ian Paisley DUP Northern North Antrim 7 June 1979 Dual Ireland – 10 June mandates 2004 prohibited by European Parliament Anne Con Essex North Thirsk and 1 May 1997 Did not McIntosh and Suffolk Malton – 19 July stand in South 1999 1999 European Election Llewellyn Lab South Wales Blaneau Gwent 10 April Did not Smith East 1992 – 9 stand in June 1994 1994 European Election George Lab Staffordshire Stoke-on-Trent 10 April Did not Stevenson East South 1992 – 9 stand in June 1994 1994 European Election Bob Cryer Lab Sheffield South 11 June Did not 1987 – 15 stand in June 1989 1989 European Election David Curry Con Essex North Skipton and 11 June Did not East Ripon 1987 – 15 stand in June 1989 1989 European Election Win Griffiths Lab South Wales Bridgend 11 June Did not 1987 – 15 stand in June 1989 1989 European Election John Taylor UUP Northern Strangford 9 June 1983 Did not Ireland – 15 June stand in 1989 1989 European Election 10 Dual Mandate Members of Parliament

Richard Lab Sheffield Sheffield 9 June 1983 Did not Caborn Central – 14 June stand in 1984 1984 European Election Eric Forth Con Birmingham Mid 9 June 1983 Did not North Worcestershire – 14 June stand in 1984 1984 European Election Robert Con Upper Wantage 9 June 1983 Did not Jackson Thames – 14 June stand in 1984 1984 European Election Elaine Con Cumbria Lancaster 7 June Did not Kellett- 1979 – 14 stand in Bowman June 1984 1984 European Election James Spicer Con Wessex West Dorset 7 June Did not 1979 – 14 stand in June 1984 1984 European Election Ann Clywd Lab Mid and West Cynon Valley 3 May 1984 Did not Wales – 14 June stand in 1984 1984 European Election John Taylor Con Midlands East Solihull 9 June 1983 Did not – 14 June stand in 1984 1984 European Election

1973-1979: The appointment system When Britain joined the European Community in 1972, Members of the European Parliament were appointed by national . Those listed below were the delegates appointed by the House of Commons. The intention of the European Parliament was for the appointment system to be eventually replaced by direct election, as outlined in Article 138(3) of the Treaty of Rome (1957). A framework for direct elections was eventually agreed to in 1976, with the first direct European Parliament election in 1979 marking the end of the appointment system.

Name Party Constituency Period Additional notes Ronald Lab Hackney South 1 March End of the Brown and Shoreditch 1977 - 10 appointment June 1979 system

Tom Dalyell Lab 1 July 1975 End of the – 10 June appointment 1979 system 11 Commons Library Briefing, 25 September 2017

Sir Geoffrey Lab Kettering 1 July 1975 End of the de Freitas – 10 June appointment 1979 system

Gwyneth Lab Crewe 1 July 1975 End of the Dunwoody – 10 June appointment 1979 system

Robert Lab Wolverhampton 1 March End of the Edwards South East 1977 - 10 appointment June 1979 system

Tom Ellis Lab Wrexham 1 July 1975 End of the – 10 June appointment 1979 system

Winifred SNP Moray and 7 July 1975 End of the Woodburn Nairn – 3 May appointment 1979 system

Alan Fitch Lab Wigan 13 March End of the 1978 - 10 appointment June 1979 system

Charles Con Darwen 1 March End of the Fletcher- 1977 - 10 appointment Cooke June 1979 system

Willie Lab Central Fife 1 July 1975 End of the Hamilton – 10 June appointment 1979 system

Ralph Howell Con North Norfolk 24 July 1974 End of the – 10 June appointment 1979 system

Mark Hughes Lab City of Durham 1 July 1975 End of the – 10 June appointment 1979 system

Russell Liberal Inverness 1 January End of the Johnston 1973 – 7 appointment July 1975; 1 system October 1976 – 10 June 1979

Bob Mitchell Lab Southampton 1 July 1975 End of the Itchen – 10 June appointment 1979 system

12 Dual Mandate Members of Parliament

Tom Con Cheadle 1 January End of the Normanton 1973 - 10 appointment June 1979 system

John Osborn Con Sheffield 28 February End of the Hallam 1975 - 10 appointment June 1979 system

John Prescott Lab Hull East 1 July 1975 End of the – 10 June appointment 1979 system

Brandon Con Kensington; 1 January End of the Rhys- Kensington 1973 - 10 appointment Williams South June 1979 system

Geoffrey Con Hexham 6 May 1977 End of the Rippon – 10 June appointment 1979 system

James Scott- Con West 1 January End of the Hopkins Derbyshire 1973 - 10 appointment June 1979 system

Michael Con Scarborough 24 July 1974 End of the Shaw and Whitby; – 10 June appointment Scarborough 1979 system

James Spicer Con West Dorset 28 February Elected as 1975 – 10 MEP 1979 June 1979

Sir Derek Con East 1 January End of the Walker- Hertfordshire 1973 - 10 appointment Smith June 1979 system

John Evans Lab Newton; St 1 July 1975 Discharged Helens North – 13 March as delegate 1978

Christopher Lab Lewisham West 1 March Discharged Price 1977 – 13 as delegate March 1978

Betty Lab West Bromwich 1 July 1975 Discharged Boothroyd West – 1 March as delegate 1977

Alex Fletcher Con Edinburgh 18 Discharged North December as delegate 1975 - 1 March 1977

13 Commons Library Briefing, 25 September 2017

Peter Kirk Con Saffron Walden 1 January Deceased 1973 - 17 April 1977

William Lab Ealing North 24 May Discharged Molloy 1976 - 1 as delegate March 1977

Frank Lab Hammersmith 19 Discharged Tomney North November as delegate 1976 - 1 March 1977

Michael Lab Fulham 1 July 1975 Discharged Stewart – 19 as delegate November 1976

John Brewis Unionist/Con Galloway 1 January Discharged 1973 – 28 as delegate February 1975

Sir Douglas Con Cheltenham 1 January Discharged Dodds-Parker 1973 – 28 as delegate February 1975

Stanley Hill Con Southampton 1 January Discharged Test 1973 - 28 as delegate February 1975

John Hill Con South Norfolk 1 January Discharged 1973 – 24 as delegate July 1974

Sir John Peel Con Leicester South 1 January Discharged East 1973 – 24 as delegate July 1974

Rafton Con Belfast South 1 January Discharged Pounder 1973 – 24 as delegate July 1974

Dick Taverne Ind Lincoln 3 April 1973 Lost seat as (Democratic – 10 MP in Labour) October October 1974 1974 Election