VOLUME CVI, NUMBER 3 PASADENA, CALIFORNIA OCTOBER 11, 2004

Tech page informing the Boyk's non-renewal arofn""c,,,,, in Music Electrical Engineering. the headline was proofed, we as The Tech editors believed it sum­ content of the news story; otherwise, it would definitely not have appeared as published. In retrospect, the editors recognize how easily the headline could be misperceived and to apolo­ gize to Mr. Boyk, who is justifiably proud of his long service to students of Caltech.

CHRISTINE CHANG Dressed in khaki shorts and an Even though the vast majority olive green shirt, Dr. Dave Irvine­ of people in the United States en­ Halliday resembled a worldly joy electric-powered lights, many traveler who had seen many in the world still use kerosene rugged terrains. This image was lamps to brighten their homes at only amplified as he unpacked a night. Burning kerosene not only black luggage case, removing a requires that the family buy fuel flashlight, wires, a six-pound bat­ each week or month, but it also tery and a Reader's Digest which pollutes the air and can lead to sported his picture on the front. respiratory diseases and other True to his appearance, Ir­ health problems. Therefore, Ir­ dom," and is often described by lance) from 1986 to 1988. vine-Halliday has visited various vine-Halliday, along with his ,,-",,'U'JU'''-C'A'>.'' TINDOL developing countries. In his talk foundation Light Up the World, physics professors to their stu­ A native of New York City, of a rub­ on Thursday October 7 in Noyes wishes to replace the kerosene PASADENA, Calif.--Hugh dents with the analogy Politzer earned his bachelor's 153, Irvine-Halliday spoke of his lamps with white light emitting David Politzer has won the 2004 ber band increasing in tightness degree from the University of travels and his endeavor to bring diodes (WLEDs). Nobel Prize in physics for work as it is puned apart. Asymptotic Michigan in 1969. The paper that light to the poor in the developing "The eureka moment for us was he began as a graduate student freedom established quantum inaugurated his Nobel Prize-win­ world. when we switched on a LED light on how the elementary particles chromodynamics (QCD) as the ning work, titled "Reliable Per­ known as quarks are bound to­ correct theory of the strong force, turbative Results for Strong Inter­ Continued on Page 2, Column 1 gether to form the protons and one of the four fundamental forc­ actions?" appeared in the journal neutrons of atomic nuclei. The es of nature. Physical Review Letters in 1973 announcement was made today Caltech president David Balti­ and was Politzer's first published by the Royal Swedish Academy more, himself a Nobel laureate, article. of Sciences. said he was pleased that another Politzer's initial foray into the Politzer, a professor of theoreti­ Caltech faculty member has public limelight came in 1989, cal physics at the California In­ joined the list of the Institute's when he was recruited to play stitute of Technology, shares the Nobel recipients. "It's wonderful physicist Robert Serber in the prize with David Gross and Frank that David was acknowledged for movie Fat Man and Little Boy, Wilczek. The key discovery cele­ something that was so far back which recounted the story of the brated by today's prize was made in his career," Baltimore said. "It Manhattan Project and starred in 1973, when Politzer, a Harvard shows what young people can do Paul Newman as the hard-driving University graduate student at the if they think differently." project leader Gen. Leslie Groves. time and two physicists working Politzer joined the Caltech The director of the film, Roland independently from PoJitzer at faculty as a visiting associate in Joffe, had been recruiting career Princeton University--Gross and 1975, the year after finishing his physicists to play some of the his graduate student Wilczek­ Harvard Ph.D. in physics and roles and he settled on Politzer, -theorized that quarks actually three years after publishing his whose academic specialty was become bound more tightly the work on asymptotic freedom. He quite similar to that of the man he A. Green/The California Tech farther they get from each other. earned tenure in 1976, became a would play. Dr. Dave Irvine-Halliday explains how his group wants to provide This discovery has been known fun professor in 1979 and served Politzer, who did not even own white light emitting diodes to impoverished nations. for 31 years as "asymptotic free- as head of the physics department a television, later told a reporter (executive officer, in Caltech par- abney Hall Refurbishing Done; I~====Co=nti=nue=don=Pa=ge8=,Co=lum~nl Parking Structure inish Delayed By CHRISTOPHER KLEIN renovation of Dabney HaJJ and where possible," noted Arthur the continued construction on the Elbert, Acting Vice President for During the summer, in the ab­ California Parking Structure. Business and Finance. sence ofmost ofthe undergraduate Since it was one of the origi­ This construction method has population, the Caltech campus nal Caltech buildings, Dabney a profound effect on the overall may seem more mundane and less Hall holds special historic signifi­ feel of the building. The old ce­ youthful, but that doesn't mean cance. It was first designated for ramic bricks of the original stair­ all productive work comes to a the Humanities; however, over case offset with the clean, white halt. In fact, it is more convenient the years it became a hodgepodge hallways and wood grain doors. for Campus Planning to conduct of development and administra­ On each floor there is an old-fash­ maintenance, renovations and tive offices. Much care was taken ioned water fountain backed by a construction while a good deal of to preserve the original feel of the tile mosaic, obviously treasured the population is away. This last building and restore it to a pure remnants of the original building. summer was no exception. Head­ humanities facility. Updates to the building include way was made on many projects, "We reconstructed the build­ air conditioning, a new roof, a large and small, in their planning ing using modern techniques and new elevator and a second stair­ K. Peng/The California Tech and execution phases. modern materials and we used the case. Of interesting note is the The Treasure Room in Dabney is one of example of the fine work­ Two large projects were the original furnishings and materials Continued on Page 8, Column 4 manship used in the renovation of the humanities hall. Continued/rom Page 1, Column 2 for the first time and realized a child could nine small LEDs which consumed about read by it," he said. one watt of power. However, as WLEDs The many villages which Light Up the became cheaper, he was able to create a World has aided includes Mubarak, Paki­ second lamp using a larger LED which, stan and Andra Pradesh, India. In the vil­ though also using one watt of power, is lage of Mubarak, as in most of the other brighter and can be dimmed. villages which have been helped, children "As my colleague says, 'The darker it could not study and do school work after gets, the better our lights are,'" said Irvine­ sundown because any light they had was Halliday. too dim. Families often spent twelve dol­ The WLED lamps can either be powered lars on kerosene per month and they were by a battery or solarpower panels. Using only able to light the lamp for a couple of turbines or a pedal generator, electricity hours each night. However, the WLEDs can be produced to recharge the batteries provided to them emits enough light for the for future use. children to study and allows them to per­ Irvine-Halliday is a Professor of Electri­ form productive tasks long after sundown. cal Engineering at the University of Cal­ At Andra Pradesh, Irvine-Halliday gary. While taking a sabbatical in Nepal, reached out to the Untouchables. Cursed he realized the necessity of bringing rural by belonging to the lowest tier in the caste villagers a clean, safe and bright SOurce of system, these people often live in rural, light. Light ofthe World's first mission was poor conditions. in Nepal, where Irvine-Halliday had first Sri Lanka also benefitted from this encountered the idea of providing clean foundation's work. For them, the WLEDs sources of light to the poor. Since then, provides a night light which helps them the demand for the services of Light of prevent deadly snake bites from snakes the World has increased and now they are sneaking into their rooms at night. sometimes contacted by prominent world "The beautiful thing about the product is leaders who ask for their aid. Furthermore, its simplicity," said Irvine-Halliday. they have won multiple awards including Originally, Irvine-Halliday attempted to the Rolex Award for Enterprise. design efficient LED lamps using colored The talk was co-sponsored by the Gradu­ lights, but found that these were generally ate Student Council, with additional fund­ too dim. Once WLEDs became more wide­ ing provided by Institute Housing and spread, however, he was able to create ef­ Campus Life. fective lamps. The first design consisted of

10:00-11 :45 AM Student presentations in various classrooms 1:00-4:00 PM Student presentations in vari­ SURF Seminar Day ous classrooms Saturday, October 16, 2004 4:00 PM Poster Session and Reception Come hear the presentations by the 2004 5:00 PM Announcement of the semi-finalists SURF students, support your friends, and find for the Doris S. Perpall SURF speaking com­ A. Green/The California Tech out more about SURF! The presentation sched­ petition Dr. Irvine·Halliday demonstrates one of his WLED lamps, which use only one watt ule may be seen at www.surfcaltech.edu For more information, contact the Student­ of power and can last over ten years. They are easily recharged by solar power. Faculty Programs Office ([email protected]).

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NellA: Your savings federally insured to $100,000 by the National Credit Union Administration, a U.S. Government agency. CEFCU is an Equal Opportunity Lender. , 4 THE CALIFORNIA TECH COMMENTARY OCTOBER 11,2004 Popping the Bubble with the Caltech Un ubbled Project: A Message from the Editors What Happens When Ideologues Govern Welcome to UnBubbled By PROF. MARY KENNEDY adheres to includes the following be­ "Do not answer a fool accord­ draw on Techers' understanding In the interest offull disclosure, liefs. Foreign pol­ ing to his folly, or you will be like of policies, philosophies, and I'm a Democrat, now more than icy: Middle East him yourself. Answer a fool ac­ possible repercussions to frame ever, and I'm worried about my nations, including cording to his folly, or he will be today's political questions. country. Senator Joseph Biden Iraq, will be bet­ wise in his own eyes." Caltech is a deep well to draw (Democrat, Delaware) said re- ter off with demo­ During this heated election from. cently, referring to the present cratic governments campaign, I sometimes wonder Today we bring you the voices administration during an inter- similar to our own. whether anyone - media, candi­ ofthree prominent Caltech faculty view with Aaron Brown on CNN, American military dates, or the voters - remembers members - President Baltimore, "They're not bad people, they're might can prevail this age-old adage. There are seri­ and Professors Goodstein and ideologues." I agree with him. My in Iraq and the Iraqi ous issues at stake in this election. Kennedy. We have asked them to dictionary defines "ideologue" as people will hail us Issues profound enough to make initiate our discussion because of "one who advocates or supports a as liberators. Iraq is their way into future history texts. their experience in and passion particular ideology, especially a an important front Issues that are not amenable to the about specific issues. zealous or doctrinaire supporter of the war on ter­ thirty second sound bites. Issues But, this is no lecture hall or of an ideology." That is what Joe rorism. The United that have nothing to do with what text book. The issues raised have Biden meant. The Bush admin- States does not two guys did during the Vietnam no definitely correct solution. It istration adheres to its ideology need to work with, War. And, issues that deserve the is fair game to challenge their as­ with a tenacity that has cost this or cooperate with, detailed and substantiated treat­ sertions and conclusions, and we country dearly. the United Nations ment that scientists and engineers hope you will. Every politician has an ideol- or our European strive for in their line of work. We also recognized that the ogy of some kind, so what do Allies, who advocate diplomacy whose help we desperately need. Hoping not to perpetuate the opinions we bring to you reflect I mean? First, I'll offer some and containment over military I can't blame the rest of the world usual follies of passionate politi­ a "sampling bias" that favors the principles that I think both major action whenever possible. Eco­ for distrusting us. We need to elect cal debate, I'd like to introduce most logistically accessible per­ parties, and most Americans, can nomic Policy: Tax cuts are good, a president who is not so blinded the first publication ofthe Caltech spectives here on campus. It was agree with. A system of govern- especially for the most wealthy; by ideology that his administra­ UnBubbled Project. Our mission not our intention to come down ment in which a nation chooses they will stimulate the economy tion can start to adapt realistically is to solicit, refine, and publish on any particular side of the polit­ its leaders by voting is a good and bring prosperity. A corollary to the disastrous situation in Iraq - in an open and non-partisan ical spectrum. If you feel that we thing. Dictatorships are not good is the belief that the wealthy are and convince our allies that it is manner - political essays written did not meet our goals ofnon-par­ governments. Freedom of expres- the principle creative force in the in their interests to work with us by Caltech community members. tisanship and objectivity, a sure­ sion is essential for a democratic economy. again. The intent is to raise awareness fire solution is for you to write a government to function properly. What most worries me about Here at home, the Bush admin­ and dialog at our Institute by response! Some version of a "free market" the Bush ideology is that Bush istration has insisted on continu­ bringing our analytical traditions Anyone in the Caltech com­ is the best economic model be- acts on it with the zeal of an ideo­ ing large tax cuts, even for the to the political discussion. munity, of political persua­ cause it works to distribute goods logue. This administration has very wealthy, the monu- The hotly debated 2004 elec- sion, is to contribute, in r{)lIlahhl a,xc)rdmg to demand for bcen very slow to to the mental cost of the war provides an excellent back­ to already them. are AI1f1eI"lC,m feedback of form of billion according to drop for this community dialog. or on topies of your that I don't dispute. feedback engineers and scientists Bush seems to our objective is not chlJmnng. Please read- pnnclplE~S lead to a few call "ground truth." In some situ- with Steven to in candidate or thinkling about that also it isn't at all. of the "Club for ' ..HVHCH, what the in Politics" would It is wen known that Bush that "The we -- The Caltech UnBubbled on: was administration came to believe Project Editors a dictator whom the world that Saddam Hussein harbored a is better off without. Terrorism is sigmj]lCalot cache of weapons of in a serious threat to world peace. mass destruction. asserted Nixon are among http://caltechvotes.caltech.edu Free world trade, subject to some this conclusion so that the most voeal of this -- Voter registration forms and deadlines for all states will ultimately most others Americans believed it strategy. Peter G. Chair- -- Request an absentee ballot more prosperity for everyone. too. In retrospect, the fact that UN man of the Federal Reserve Bank -- Fill out our survey for a chance to win a $25 Caltech Book- However, the specific ideol- weapons inspectors were far more of New York from 2000 to 2004 store gift certificate ogy that the Bush administration skeptical about the existence of and Secretary of Commerce un­ California voter registration deadline is October 18 such weapons caches should have der Richard Nixon, states that the ~======------..,been a clear warning. Instead the present unfunded liabilities of the administration dismissed the in­ Federal Government (including spectors and our allies as weak. Social Security obligations) total Believing that the vast majority 45 trillion dollars; they will total I of Iraqis would be overjoyed to ~ 74 trillion in ten years with the see Saddam Hussein removed BUC AFFAIRS current tax structure. In contrast, and would welcome us as libera­ the net worth of the United States UNIVERS tors, the administration headed is 42 trillion dollars. He says flatly into war without the means to that this level of debt is unsustain­ control the chaotic situation that able and leaves us vulnerable to arose in the power vacuum left af­ foreign debt holders. The heavy ter Hussein's fall. They had been price of current tax cuts will warned about the complicated eventually be paid, most likely by tribal and religious rivalries with­ our children. Kevin Phillips who in Iraq, about the large numbers worked as an economic adviser of guns available everywhere, to the Nixon administration has and about the weakness of the written extensively about the dan­ Iraqi economy. I read the warn­ gerous concentration of capital in ings myself reported in the New only a few hands that is fostered The Master of Public Administration Program York Times! Yet the first looting by the Bush administration's was dismissed by Rumsfeld as a in Environmental Science and Policy tax policies. The administration few criminals, and the press was never speaks about any of this. It combines Columbia University's hands-on castigated for reporting it. Until doesn't fit with their tax-cutting a few weeks ago, Vice-president ideology. approach to teaching public policy and Cheney still asserted that weap­ My message is that, whether ons of mass destruction would be you are Republican or Democrat, administration with pioneering thinking found. As the insurgency grows it would be wise in the next few about the environment. This twelve-month to the brink of civil war, Secre­ months to consider the decision­ tary of State Powell tells us that making style of the present ad­ program takes place at Columbia our Army will quell the centers of ministration and whether its poli­ rebellion in time for elections in cies can and will be sensitive to University's NewYork campuses. January. The United States is left feedback from reality and adapt without the trust and confidence accordingly. of the UN or our European allies For more information, please call 212-854-3142, e-mail: [email protected], Contribute to the Student Health Advisory Council or visit ourWeb site. Fall term meeting: Monday, Oct.18, 2004, 7-8pm Health Educator's office, (SAC, Rm. 64) RSVP: ext. 2961 or Application deadline for early decision: November 1 email [email protected]

All students and ideas welcomed! www.columbia.edujcujmpaenvironment THE CALIFORNIA TECH COMMENTARY OCTOBER 11, 2004 5 Intelligent Debate on the Issues at Stake in ational Politics A Scientific Approach to An Issue Unspoken: Fossil Fuel Depletion By PROF. DAVID GOODSTEIN To make his prediction, Hub- example, just as U.S. discovery Dealing with the Issues bert began with the historic re- peaked around 1930, world dis- If Earth had no greenhouse ef- cord ofoil discovery (not produc- covery peaked around 1960. Data By PRESIDENT DAVID BALTIMORE fect, it would be a frozen ice-ball, tion) in the U.S. Oil discovery for world-wide discovery scatter Many Caltech students may virus is spreading at an alarming far too cold for advanced life. If had already peaked in the 1930's pretty badly in the early going on feel that the greater outside world rate, devastating Africa and now it had a 100% greenhouse effect, and was declining. Let be all the extrapolation plot, but after is far away and irrelevant to their making horrifying inroads into it might well be like its near-twin the oil that's been discovered, about 1982, they settle down to immediate lives. However, at this the teeming continent of Asia. Venus, whose runaway green- and") be all the oil nature ever a fairly convincing straight line, election time, there are critical is- Initially, the Bush administra­ house effect gives it a surface made for us. When you first start extrapolating to a world of sues at stake and it is a good time tion gave scant recognition to the temperature hotter than molten exploring for oil, it's easily found about two trillion ban·els. Unlike for all who are over 18 to think protective value of condom use. lead. Instead we live on a planet- and the amount you find grows the U.S. data Hubbert worked about their choices and take the Complaints led to modification of wide garden of Eden, delicately exponentially with time, obey- with, these data are highly suspect time to get a ballot and vote. The the statements on Web sites. But balanced between those extremes. ing the differential equation for for a variety of reasons, so one issues are not·distant, they stare there is still little recognition of Our atmosphere is transparent to positive exponential growth, must be skeptical of them. But if us in the face. We are a belea- the need to encourage widespread the white-hot radiation from the the two trillion barrel estimate is guered country with few friends use of condoms. Sun, but it is nearly opaque to the . After a while, close to correct, Hubbert's peak and sworn enemies. But we are Climate change has had a simi­ much cooler radiation with which for world oil production should a rich and powerful country with lar history. Repeated administra­ Earth tries to send its received however, it gets harder to find come in this decade. Indeed, an extraordinary history of de- tion statements questioned the energy bac k out mto· space. The because there's less of it to find. what we read in the newspapers mocracy. This election is about science behind the position of result is a balmy average tem- That can be modeled by multi- every day now suggests that the choosing how we approach our the Intergovernmental Panel on perature of 57degF. In those be- plying the right hand side by the world-wide production and dis­ challenges: it is about how we ex- Climate Change (IPCC) that the nign conditions, we evolved, -'-'---l-l------h------tribution system is stretched to tricate ourselves from the difficult global warming seen in the past climbed down from the trees, To te the voters t at they're the breaking point, certainly a position we have created in Iraq, 100 years is associated with hu­ and started drilling oil wells. going to have to give up symptom one would expect if it is about how we distribute in- man activity. Now, at last, comes Over the past 150 years, the peak has been reached. But come and how we do our science. a statement from an interagency we have evolved a civiliza- their precious SUV's would it may be a false alarm. Time It may be about whether you as administration committee, signed tion firmly anchored in the amount to political suicide." will tell. a citizen are called to serve your by cabinet secretaries, confirm­ mathematically impossible It is technically possible country abroad. No matter what ing the IPCC position. In the promise of an endless supply to make a substitute fuel out your chosen area of study, the re- policy domain, however, we still of cheap oil. Now there is good amount of oil not yet found, giv- of coal or natural gas, or any of suIts of this election will be im- have a long-range research pro­ reason to believe that sometime the many other hydrocarbons in portant to your future. gram aimed toward a "hydrogen in the next decade or two, the ing . This the earth, and as the price of oil Voting is [nost critical for those economy," but no commitment to world's oil fields will start to be is called the Logistics Equation. skyrockets (along with the price who come from one of the many cunent mitigation of this growing depleted faster than new ones can It's wasn't familiar to geologists of all petrochemicals and every- swing states where a few votes crisis. be developed. When that happens, at the but it had been used thing that has to be transported), could be the of As for stem eells, the arbitrary a gap will begin to grow between population since the more fuel at this higher price will You should be decision to restrict sup- the offuel and the need for you solve be grudgingly extracted from in getting your research to the few cell it. If we in an orderly, ratio- the differential eqllatilon and oil sands, tar depleted oil and filling it Out. available before the pres- nal it be possible for fields and other sources. So, ig- All of us at Caltech are devoted ident's statement 2001 stilI some other fuel to fill in the the effects of runaway to the that we must use holds. After sustained criticism But anyone who was alive in you a armed conflict a scientific to from the scientific knows that we don't live in classic curve, much and the it be pOSSible with issues. one to the administration has COIllCE:ded . like a Gaussian or a Lorentzian. such a when it to muddle on for a while. the election is how that the research is valuable. comes to a shortage our pre- I think the reason Hubbert chose How lonba? We are told that scientific has made available for CiOUS. 1n,J973 a tem- the less familiar curve is there is coal in the ground JU<1gIneints into administra- research but main- art!'fiCia. 1Imme- . that if you divide sides to last for of years or Ifwe listen to their tains the cell line restriction. And caused mile-long lines at and the annual percent more, but that is surely both candidates are committed to it supports that would stations and panic and despair flawed. one if we use science. But doubts have criminalize been raised the of nuclear transfer from somatic do- the future of our way of life. increase, I (not coal as a substitute oil it will the Bush nor cells-work focused on The was repeated in t), you get a line with a have to be mined times and elsewhere below I quote ex- stem cell research more valuable, 1979 the same result. When negative slope that intercepts the faster than we are doing now. In cerpts from an editorial wrote both and experi­ world-wide oil supplies reach horizontal axis when addition, as the world's popula­ in the 24 September, 2004 issue mentally. their natural peak, the shortages That makes it easy to extrapolate tion continues to increase, the of Science magazine.] In various As a scientist, I find the poli­ that follow will be neither tempo- the historical record of oil discov- poorer peoples of the world want rary nor artificial. to Jive more like the richer ones, ways, the scientific community in cies of the present administration · h 950' h . d ery to find , the area under the Bac k m tel s, t e Umte using far more energy,'. And final- the United States-and in other na- questionable and I am heartened ' 1 d' bell-shaped curve. Then Hubbert States was th e warld s ea mg ly, coal supplies, like those of any tions as well-has expressed con- by statements from Senator Ker­ assumed there would be a second producer of oil. Much of our in- mineral resource, will peak and cern about the way in which deci- ry that he would respect scien­ . 1 d '1" . h later Logistic curve for produc- dustna an ml ltary mig t grew begin to decline long before the sions about scientific issues have tific results and conclusions and . '1 . d d tion (you can't produce the oil un- out 0 f our giant 01 m ustry, an last ton is dug out of the ground. been subjected to political tests would act on them. 1 . til after you've discovered it) with by the Bush administration. For recognize that this election has most petro1eum geo1OgiStS ex- It's a pretty good bet that the peak example, the Union ofConcerned many other issues at stake and I pected that to go on forever. There the same total area, , all the will happen before the end of this Scientists (UCS), in a statement encourage everyone to consider was one exception, however. His oil that ever was. So he fitted the century. that I signcd along with many oth- multiple criteria when choosing a name was M. King Hubbert, and historic data for rising production And, if we let all that happen, ers, said in pertinent part: "When candidate and to not be a one-is­ he worked for Shell Oil in Hous- to a Logistic Curve with the right the increased greenhouse effect . t th . h f area under it, and the result was scientific knowledge has been sue voter. ton. In 1956, agams e WIS es 0 produced by burning all those found to be in conflict with its I want to thank the students his employer, he made public his his stunningly accurate predic- fossil fuels may well destroy political goals, the administration who have catalyzed this discus­ prediction that U.S. oil produc- tion of where the peak-Hubbert's the delicate balance that makes has often manipulated the process sion and helped thereby to raise tIOn· would peakaroun d 1970 and peak-would occur for the lower it possible for us to live on this through which science enters into the consciousness of the commu­ decImeorever· fa fter t hat. H'IS pre- 48 United States. planet Earth. its decisions." nity about the importance of par- dlctlon·. was Wi'de1 y den'dedat t h e The same kind of data that During this presidential election . b h f h' Hubbert had for the U.S. now U.S. policy with respect to ticipation in this election. hme, ut to t e amazement 0 IS year, neither political party will mv/AIDS is a case in point. The co11eagues, he h a d It·ng . ht. exists for the whole world. For say a word about this, the most important issue of the age we live in. To tell the voters that they're ® www.infosys.com I going to have to give up their precious SUV's would amount I to political suicide. But a coura­ geous candidate could say that, in POWERED BY INTELLECT order to end our dependence on DRIVEN BY VALUES a nasty and unstable part of the world, and in order to protect our climate for future generations, he era dl onal nen o coli e or she would challenge our scien­ tists and engineers to enable us to ...join Infosys' inaugu I class S ucated hires in India" kick the fossil fuel habit. Beyond fossil fuels there is only sunlight and nuclear energy. Finding ways Employment opportunities available in: to run a civilization as complex Info session: 20th October Cl Software Engineering '" Quality as ours on those resources alone Room: Brennen Conference Room '" Test Engineering @ Marketing would be exceedingly difficult, Internship opportunities also available Time: 3.30 p.m. - 5.00 p.m. but not entirely impossible. The scientific principles on which the First round interview: 29th October new technologies would have to Infosys (NASDAQ: INFY) is a world leader in consulting and For further details please contact: be based are well known. We are information technology services. Infosys offers complete Joshua Bornstein very good at solving technical end-to-end business solutions and strategic sourcing designed problems when we put our minds Email: [email protected] to increase its clients' competitiveness. to it. The task to be accomplished is enormous, but we could do it. What's lacking now is leader­ ship. 6 THE CALIFORNIA TECH COMMENTARY OCTOBER 11,2004

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MIKE RUPP team this Athlete of the Week: their third match of the '-'''W,Hv, Whittier '-'~'Hv;::,~. Water Polo's Dan Oliver Cal Maritime in a set for 7:30 MENG-MENG J;'U Sophomore from Sac­ scoring overtime thriller, Men's Soccer ramento, CA was named Caltech Occidental College, who The Men's Soccer team lost 8-0 It's not uncommon here at ence (GPS) Athlete of the Week after a tre­ Caltech defeated earlier this sea­ to Claremont Mudd-Scripps, but Caltech to hear students complain 11. Mathematics and Applied mendous weekend that saw him son in a stunning upset, won the played tough against the Bulldogs about classes. Whether the class Computational Mathematics named to the All-Tournament tournament, defeating Cal Mari­ of Redlands, holding the top team is too long, the sets are too hard, (ACM) team of the Caltech Classic. time, Cal Lutheran and Chapman. in the SCIAC to three goals. or the TA's are never around, ev­ 12. Environmental Science En­ Oliver followed up his perfor­ The Championship game against Freshman Goalkeeper Elliot eryone has opinions on academics gineering (ESE), Computational mance during the three match Chapman went into overtime be­ Pallett had four saves against Cla­ at Caltech. Every two years, how­ Neuroscience (CNS), Structural tournament with another strong fore Oxy pulled out a 10-9 vic­ remont and had five more against tory. ever, there is an opportunity for Engineering (Civil Engineering), performance on Sunday against Redlands. In doing so, last week's students to voice their opinions at and Material Science. Cal Maritime. On Sunday, Caltech eeked past Athlete of the Week continues to the Student Faculty Conference Students who are already on Over the course of the four Cal Maritime once again, 9-8. impress his coaches and team­ (SFC). The SFC provides a forum ARC (Academic and Research matches, Oliver scored eight Women's Volleyball mates, and has brought stability The Women's Volleyball team to the most important position on for student representatives and Committee)-appointed commit­ goals, twelve steals, ten assists, suffered three more Division III the field for Caltech. faculty to discuss issues that are tees or academic committees and 26 errors drawn. loses this past week, including The team plays its next match important. (such as BUSAC), are strongly Men's Water Polo The Caltech Men's Water Polo two loses to SCIAC opponents, on the road at Occidenal College. This year, the SFC will take encouraged to apply. On the other dropping their record to 5-7, Cross-Country place during third term. Classes hand, no experience is needed, team finished fifth at the Caltech Classic this past weekend. The with an 0-4 record in conference Both the Men's and Women's will be cancelled for one day only only ideas and opinions. Each matches. Cross-County teams continued so that students and faculty can committee also has a student team went 2-3 for the week, lead by Sophomore Daniel Oliver's Senior Middle Blocker Delia their best seasons in years. The attend the SFC presentations. It chairperson, who will be respon­ Davies lead the team over the teams fared well at the DC Riv­ is a day-long conference during sible for overseeing the progress Athlete of the Week winning per­ formance. Senior Tom Jurczak course of the week, with 15 kills erside Invitational this past week­ which different committees pres­ of the committee. and 3 blocks, both team highs. had 14 goals, 7 steals, and 4 as­ end, with Freshmen David Rosen ent their findings and recommen­ Sign-ups are posted now in sists. Sophomore Jason Lee had 9 Davies also lead the team in kill and Matt Kiesz leading the pack dations. Many SFC recommen­ front of SAC 33 and will be up goals and 2 steals. Senior Logan percentage for the week. Sopho­ for the Men. For the Women, dations have been incorporated until midnight Friday (October Linderman had 7 goals and 5 as­ more Outside Hitter Rebecca Senior Kamalah Chang and An­ into our current academic system. 15). Interviews will be held Sun­ sists. Streit was second on the team in drea Vasconcellos set the pace. For example, computer science day (October 17) starting at 8 Men's Water Polo lost the first kills (11) but lead the squad in The team next runs at the SCIAC service aces and digs. Freshman became an option. More anthro­ p.m. So in conclusion, if you have two matches of the Caltech Clas­ Multi-duals, Friday, October 15. pology and psychology classes opinions about academics: speak sic, suffering a heartbreaking 10­ Setter Sarah Stidham had 31 as­ Men's Soccer loses to Clare­ are being offered. Specific rec­ out and sign up! 12 loss to Saint Mary's, followed sists for the week. mont Mudd-Scripps; hangs tough ommendations within different by a 9-16 loss to Chapman. The The team plays its next match against Redlands majors have been brought to light and have been acted upon. If you've read this far and you're still interested, you should definitely consider signing up to serve on one of the SFG.; commit­ tees. This year, the committees will be: 1. Core Curriculum 2. Workload, Student Morale, and Student-Faculty Interactions 3. Honor Code 4. Humanities and Social Sci­ ence (HSS) 5. Physics, Astrophysics, and Applied Physics 6. Biology 7. Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 8. Electrical Engineering/ECE, and Computer Science 9. Chemistry and Chemical En­ gineering 10. Geology and Planetary Sci-

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Computer Science Mechanical Engineering Systems Engineering ean of Students Office needs tu ors in all areas--help is especiall Computer Engineering Math Aeronautical Engineering eeded with the main Institut Electrical Engineering Physics Optics equirements e.g., MAl, MA2 PHI, PH2, CHI, etc. The pay is $10.00 - $13.00 a Check out our website at rayjobs.com/campus for further information, including our our. A strong understanding 0 he subject matter, patience, an Start your job search by clicking he ability to communicate weI e the qualities needed as a tu or. The power of applied intelligence. If you are an upperclassma nd would like to be a Deans' tu rayjobs.com/campus or please stop by the Deans' Of One of the most admired defense and aerospace systems suppliers through world-class ce to see Sandra Estes located i people and technology. Our focus is developing great talent. Raytbeon oom 210 of the Center for Stu ent Services Building to com © 2004 Raytheon Company. All rights reserved. Raytheon is an equal opportunity and affirmative action Customer Success Is Our Mission employer and welcomes a wide diversity of applicants. u.s. Citizenship and security clearance may be required. Iete an application. 8 THE CALIFORNIA TECH NEWS OCTOBER 11, 2004 Strike Delays Progress

o ar @ ng Structure Continuedfrom Page 1, Column 3 special accommodations made for building there, the said that the furnishing of the 30 or so fac­ we had to accommodate addition­ ulty offices that now occupy the al parking." building on the second and third During the summer there was floors. Tradesmen and carpenters a strike at the construction site. It on campus made much of the fur- was ruled and the workers especially the bookcases. were forced to resume work, but The Dabney Lounge Bench only after delaying the progress resides in the first floor hallway by a month. of the structure to mark the 2004 Work also took place at the old restoration. The back ofthe bench convent of the St. Luke Medical is composed of a carved relief Center, purchased recently by depicting Master Architect Ber­ the Institute. The convent, once tram Grosvenor Goodhue's 1917 reconstruction is finished in Feb­ plan for the Caltech campus. The ruary, will serve as the planning bench is dedicated to Goodhue's facilities for the Thirty Meter grandchildren, Nicholas Good­ Telescope (TMT) project. hue and Jill Goodhue Hoeksma, The TMT project is a joint ef­ who contributed to the restoration fort by Caltech, University of K. Peng/The California Tech The parking structure should he completed JallU2lry, after a strike the summer halted work project. California (UC), the Association for over a month. Adjacent to the Dabney Lounge of Universities for Research in Bench is the tastefully furnished Astronomy and the As­ conference room. It is in recogni­ sociation of Canadian Universi­ tion of the Ahmanson Foundation ties for Research in Astronomy for supporting the 2004 restora­ (ACURA). Faculty and members tion. of these organizations will meet The price tag for the Dabney and work in the old convent to Hall renovation was 7.6 million plan and prepare for the construc­ dollars. tion of a telescope larger than any The large hole in the ground other in existence. Continuedfrom Page 1, Column 5 where the old baseball and soc­ "Over the summer we tore out contain more elementary objects, to quantum fluctuations and the cer fields were is going to be the all the asbestos and did all the from Caltech's internal publica­ which he called quarks. color of the virtual gluons en­ California Parking Structure. It is demolition work to prepare the tion On Campus that he had been Yet isolated quarks are never hances the quark's own color. A currently surrounded by tempo­ building for reconstruction the reluctant to take the part, but had seen, indicating that the quarks probe coming closer and closer rary wire fencing and guarded by way the faculty members needed relented after Joffe convinced are permanently bound togeth­ to the quark is influenced less and an impressive dirt hill to the west. it," said Elbert. him that the "role would not re­ er by powerful nuclear forces. less by the virtual gluons, so that The estimated completion of the Besides these large-scale, long­ quire too much in the way of time Meanwhile, studies of high-en­ the effective color charge of the structure is in mid January. To hit term projects, "a host of little or talent." During his two weeks ergy collisions between electrons quark seems to weaken; this is as­ that mark, construction work con­ things" were also accomplished. on the set, Politzer warmed up to and protons performed at the ymptotic freedom. tinued, albeit irregularly, through A new air handling unit was in­ the project and began discussing Stanford Linear Accelerator Cen­ Gross, Wilczek and Politzer the summer. stalled in Braun near the mouse nuclear defense policy with Paul ter (SLAC) had probed the inter­ used pencil and paper to perform Dr. Elbert explained that the cages and new water were Newman, with whom he shared nal structure of the proton and their breakthrough calculation. reason for the new ~~~l/;n~ struc- laid from the Thomas LabOl'atc)ry a memorable dinner of spaghetti Caltech's Richard had In 1973, the methods they need­ in city past the un(ief!rracj~wte and salad--the latter dressed with suggested in 1969 that the results ed were newly developed and to the In "Newman's Own," of course. of these experiments could be ex­ fraught with subtleties. Today, the an architect was selected for the Politzer's prize brings to 31 plained if quarks inside a proton calculation is routinely assigned renovation of the south houses the total number of prizes won are nearly free, not subject to any to physics graduate students as a and program and design work by 30 Caltech faculty and alumni force. Feynman's suggestion, to­ homework exercise. was done. through the years (Linus Pauling gether with the observation that QCD predicts that the strength won awards in both chemistry quarks are unable to escape from of the force between quarks and peace). nuclear particles, posed a deep changes with distance in a partic­ The following information was puzzle: how could nuclear forces ular calculable way that has been written by Caltech's MacArthur be both strong enough to account well confirmed in experiments Professor of Theoretical Phys­ for the permanent confinement studying high-energy collisions ics John Preskill, a colleague of of quarks and weak enough to of elementary particles. The the­ Politzer's. Preskill prepared the account for the SLAC experi­ ory makes other detailed predic­ text upon learning that Politzer ments? tions, such as the masses of vari­ had won the Nobel Prize and sent The discovery of asymptotic ous strongly interacting nuclear it from England: freedom provided a highly sat­ particles, which can be extracted Ofthe four fundamental forces­ isfying resolution of this puzzle. only through large-scale numeri­ -the others besides the strong nu­ The calculations of Gross, Wil­ cal computations performed us­ clear force are electromagnetism, czek and Politzer showed that ing supercomputers; these too the weak nuclear force (ryspon­ in quantum chromodynamics are in satisfying agreement with sible for the decay of radioaCtive (QCD), quarks are held together experiment. nuclei) and gravitation--the strong strongly when separated by a dis­ Because QCD, the theory of the force was by far the most poorly tance comparable to the size of a strong nuclear force, turned out to understood in the early 1970s. It proton, explaining quark confine­ be so similar to QED and to the had been suggested in 1964 by ment. Yet for the smaller separa­ theory of the weak nuclear force, Caltech physicist Murray Gell­ tions explored in the high-energy it became possible after the dis­ Mann that protons and neutrons SLAC experiments, the attraction covery of asymptotic freedom to is weaker, supporting Feynman's conceive of unified theories that proposal. incorporate all three forces into a The California Tech Before this development, many common framework. Such theo­ Caltech 40-58, Pasadena, CA 91125 physicists had anticipated that ries have been proposed, editorial desk: (626) 395-6153 advertising desk: (626) 395-6154 understanding the strong nuclear await experimental conhrmatlicJn. editorial e-mail: [email protected] force would require revolutionary A further challenge, being pur­ VOLUME CVI, NUMBER I new concepts. But surprisingly, sued by many physicists today, is QCD has a remarkable math­ to achieve an even broader uni­ Tammy Yee Wing Ma Vi Tuong Tran ematical similarity to quantum fication theory that encompasses K. PenglThe California Tech Managing Editor Business Manager electrodynamics (QED), the theo­ the gravitational force as well. A lot of the old artwork in Dabney Hall has been saved and reused ry that successfully explains elec­ Matthew H Walker Robert Morell in the renovated building. News Director Circulation tromagnetic phenomena. In QED the force between two electrically The Tech is published weekly except during charged particles is mediated by The California Tech vacation and examination periods by the As­ sociated Students of tbe California Institute the exchange of a photon (a parti­ Caltech 40-58 of Technology, Inc. The opinions expressed cle of light) between the two par­ herein are strictly those of the authors and Pasadena, CA 91125 advertisers. ticles; in QCD, the quarks carry Letters and submissions are welcome; e­ a different kind of charge, called mail submissions to [email protected] as plain-text attachments, including the author's "color," and the force between name, by Friday of the week before publica­ two colored particles is mediated tion. Sorry the Tech does not accept anony­ mous contributions. The editors reserve the by the exchange of a "gluon" be­ right to edit and abridge all submissions for tween the particles. any reason. All written work remains property of its author. The crucial difference between The advertising deadline is five p.m. Friday; the two theories is that while the alladvertising should be submitted electroni­ cally or as camera-ready art, but the Tech can photons of QED carry no charge also do simple typesetting and arrangement. of their own, the gluons of QCD All advertising inquiries should be directed to the business manager at business@tech. are themselves colored particles. caltech.edu. For subscription information, A quark is surrounded by a sea please send mail to "Subscriptions." of "virtual" gluons that arise due