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DSM-IV TR Disorders: Diagnosis To Referral 2009 14th Edition 'ARY , !RTHUR %D$ s *OEL / "RENDE -$ Gary L. Arthur, Ed.D.
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Study Materials Written by I just received word that I passed! Dr. Gary L. Arthur, Ed.D., LPC, NCC I previously took the test twice and failed twice. I had studied with another Dr. Arthur’s quali cations: company’s materials. Thanks for your t 1SPGFTTPS&NFSJUVTPG1SPGFTTJPOBM$PVOTFMJOHBU(FPSHJB4UBUF6OJWFSTJUZ wonderful web site and your personal t $PVOTFMPS&EVDBUPSPGUIF:FBSGPS(FPSHJB service. It made all the difference and t )BTUBVHIUDPVOTFMJOHDPVSTFTBUUIFHSBEVBUFMFWFMGPS ZFBST I went in feeling completely confident. t )BTUBVHIUJO$"$3&1QSPHSBNTGPS ZFBST I passed by over 30 points! t %S"SUIVSXSPUFUIFTFTUVEZHVJEFTGPSUIFTQFDJöDQVSQPTFPGQSFQBSJOH - Jane Pitts, LPC you for the licensure exam
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also included:completeelection results forACA divisionsandregions. Marcheta Evans willtakethereins asACA’s 59thpresident inJuly 2010; Evans elected ACA President prizes) intheACA Foundation’s annualessaycontest. Counseling studentsare invitedtoshare theiropinions(andperhapswin Grad students: Prepare towrite! relief tothoselivingwithdepression. human nature inproposing abrieftreatment approach forshort-term A private practitionerweaves togetherelementsofpsychology, biologyand DePaolo By Robert Strategies for restoringindepressed energy clients Reader Viewpoint on ethicaldilemmasandprofessional standards issues. and asharpsenseofhumor—whenofferingACA membersconsultation Paul Fornell drawson30years ofexperienceasaprofessional counselor— By JonathanRollins upethicsadvicewithasmile Serving help studentsofcolorovercome barrierstosuccess. Counselors examinethewaysinwhichculturallycompetentcounselingcan By Jenny Christenson Cultural communication and AmericanIndians. individuals, Latinas/os,AfricanAmericans,AsianArabAmericans competently withsixdiverse clientpopulations:multiethnic/multiracial ACA membersdiscusssomeoftheuniqueaspectsandchallengesworking by Jenny Christenson Interviews Multicultural considerations
April 2009
April 2009 | Counseling 40 46 28 Today | 3 Contents CounselingTodayApril 2009 Columns 12 Washington Update 14 The Top Five
16 Counselor Career Stories Numbersby the Numbers 20 Private Practice in Counseling Depression and health care costs A recent analysis funded by the National Institute of Resource Reviews Mental Health (NIMH) and published in the Journal of the 22 American Geriatric Society found that Medicare participants who have depression in addition to diabetes or congestive 24 Digital Psyway heart failure have significantly higher health care costs than their peers without coexisting depression. 26 New Perspectives Need to know 5 From the President 7 Executive Director’s Message 8 Letters to the Editor 56 CSCOR Perspective 58 Division, Region & Branch News 60 Member Benefits 62 Bulletin Board 63 Classifieds
According to NIMH, participants with diagnosed depression spent significantly more in nearly every health cost category, including home health care, skilled nursing facility costs, outpatient care, inpatient care, physician charges and medical equipment. They did not, however, spend more on specialty mental health care than their peers without coexisting depression. Mental health care accounted for less than 1 percent of total health care costs.
4 | Counseling Today | April 2009 From The President CounselingToday assassinated him and Mayor George Volume 51/Number 10 Moscone. Harvey Milk is also known for Counseling Today Staff delivering, shortly before he was Publisher murdered, what is sometimes referred to Richard Yep affectionately as perhaps the first “hope” speech in the gay rights movement. Associate Publisher Carol Neiman In this speech, he challenged sexual Colleen R. Logan minorities to come out and show the Editor-in-Chief nation just how large their numbers Jonathan Rollins were. He believed if people realized that 800.347.6647 ext. 339 [email protected] they actually knew and cared about gay people living in their own families and Staff Writer communities, then hate and bigotry Jenny Christenson I am an asterisk would naturally lessen. He believed that 800.347.6647 ext. 320 [email protected] if folks came out, then sexual minority youth would look around and finally have Advertising Representative We hold these truths to be self-evident, hope that they were not alone, thereby Kathy Maguire that all men are created equal*, that they lessening incidents of despair, addiction 607.662.4451 are endowed by their Creator with certain [email protected] and suicide as well. He believed that if unalienable rights*, that among these are all the “us”es — the ethnic minorities, Graphic Designer life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.* the sexual minorities and the “differently Carlos J. Soto II — Opening statement of the Declaration abled” — came together and spoke with 800.347.6647 ext. 377 of Independence [email protected] one accord, they could change the world (*unless you are …) and make it a more positive and affirming CT Column Editors place for those who were different. ike many of you, my partner Washington Update By the way, the backdrop to this and I rushed to see as many of Scott Barstow famous speech was the Proposition 6 800.347.6647 ext. 234 the Academy Award nominees L referendum in California that called [email protected] for best picture as possible before the for all known or suspected gay and presentation on Feb. 22. In fact, we Counselor Career Stories lesbian teachers, as well as anyone who Rebecca Daniel-Burke crammed in all five within a very short supported them, to be fired immediately. 800.347.6647 ext. 230 period of time. Wonderfully, we saved Fortunately, Prop 6 was defeated, as [email protected] what we think was the best for last. That’s indeed it should have been, being that it right, Sunday afternoon, right before the Resource Reviews was based on hatred, prejudice, ignorance Ruth Harper 81st Academy Awards ceremony began, and bigotry. But some 30 years later, I [email protected] we finally sawMilk . For those of you who am very sad to say that life has a way of haven’t seen the film, I highly recommend Private Practice in Counseling repeating itself, particularly in the equal it; for those of you who have, perhaps Robert J. Walsh and Norman C. Dasenbrook rights arena. Proposition 8 has replaced walshgasp@aol.com you will understand why I feel compelled Proposition 6 as a new way to politicize to write about it in this month’s column: Spotlight on Journals prejudice and discriminate against sexual Milk is an inspirational story for all Sheri Bauman minorities. Supporters of Proposition people. sherib@email.arizona.edu 8 are fueled by feelings of moral and In 1977, Harvey Milk won a seat on religious superiority (similar to those Behind the Book the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, John Lough who supported Proposition 6). They are becoming the first openly gay man in the [email protected] also fueled by a belief that they have an United States to be elected to political obligation to “save” California from its New Perspectives office. Serving as the first openly gay certain “path to hell” if sexual minorities Donjanea L. Fletcher official in San Francisco was not his [email protected] are allowed to retain the equal and only claim to fame, however. He was unalienable rights to pursue life, liberty The Top Five a politician for all people, and for all and happiness — the right to marry Mark Reiser the right reasons. He endeavored to each other as awarded by the California [email protected] represent everyone in the true spirit of Supreme Court and as promised in the social justice, liberty and equal rights The Digital Psyway Declaration of Independence. Marty Jencius for all. Tragically, his life was cut short [email protected] when a former supervisor, Dan White, Continued on page 21 April 2009 | Counseling Today | 5 Multicultural Issues in Counseling: Case Incidents in Counseling for New Approaches to Diversity, Third International Transitions Edition edited by Nancy Arthur and Paul B. Pedersen edited by Courtland C. Lee Using a case incident approach, this Innovative techniques for working book focuses on the many opportunities with 21 diverse client populations are and challenges international workers, presented in this best-selling text. New students, immigrants, refugees, and chapters on working with multiracial military personnel face at various individuals and families, Native Americans, transitional stages from initial entry African American women and girls, to the host culture to returning Korean Americans, GLBT persons, people home. Among the issues addressed with disabilities, and socioeconomically are culture shock, acculturation, disadvantaged clients are included, as dual career transitions, isolation, are chapters on ethics and multicultural family expectations, identity confusion, career concerns, RESEARCH s PAGES immigration obstacles, posttraumatic stress syndrome, and readjustment on returning home. ÓäänÊUÊÎÈ{Ê«>}iÃÊÊ Order #72706 | ISBN 978-1-55620-189-9 List Price: $65.95 | ACA Member Price: $46.95 Order #72862 | ISBN 978-1-55620-269-8 List Price: $59.95 | ACA Member Price: $36.95 Counseling Multiple Heritage Individuals, Couples, and Families Counseling for Social Justice, Second Richard C. Henriksen Jr. and Derrick A. Paladino Edition edited by Courtland C. Lee This book offers a framework for best practice counseling services and This one-of-a-kind resource provides interventions specifically designed to counselors with the skills necessary meet the needs of this population. for becoming agents of social change Topics covered include historical and and champions of social justice. current racial classification systems and Leaders in the field examine the social, their effects; identity development; cultural, and economic systems that transracial adoptions; and counseling perpetuate injustice and inequality and strategies for children, adolescents, illustrate why counselors must accept college students, adults, couples and their professional, ethical, and moral v>iÃ]Ê>`Ê /Ê`Û`Õ>ðÊÊÓääÊUÊÓÎxÊ«>}ià responsibility to help transform these
systems. Published by ACAF and Counseling Outfitters. Order #72883 | ISBN 978-1-55620-279-7 ÓääÇÊUÊΣÎÊ«>}iÃÊ List Price: $44.95 | ACA Member Price: $33.95 Order #72841 | ISBN 978-1-55620-264-3 List Price: $47.95 | ACA Member Price: $32.95
Please include $6.75 for shipping of the first book and $1.00 for each additional book. American Counseling Association 800-422-2648 x222 counseling.org
6 | Counseling Today | April 2009 Executive Director's message CounselingToday
American Counseling Association President Colleen R. Logan 800.347.6647 ext. 232
Richard Yep [email protected]
President-Elect Lynn E. Linde 800.347.6647 [email protected] xx Executive Director Richard Yep 800.347.6647 ext. 231 [email protected]
xx. Counseling Today (ISSN 1078-8719) is the monthly magazine of the American Counseling Association, 5999 Stevenson Ave., Alexandria, VA 22304-3300; Telephone: 703.823.9800; Internet: www.counseling.org. Opinions expressed in this magazine do not necessarily represent opinions of the editors or policies of the American Counseling Association.
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April 2009 | Counseling Today | 7 Letters Article on job loss Thank you again for including this be as simple as sitting beside a family and sparks discussion article. It was of great benefit both providing support and guidance as they I am writing to thank you for including personally and for the class as a whole. make their way through the complicated Jenny Christenson’s article “Finding hope Tracy E. Miller system of assistance in hopes of achieving after losing a job” in the February 2009 University of North Carolina at Pembroke self-sufficiency. It can be most helpful to issue of Counseling Today. The timing a family when their FaDSS professional w could not have been better. confronts other professionals who hold I am a graduate student in the Jenny Christenson’s fine piece on limiting beliefs based on family history, service agency counseling program at “Finding hope after losing a job” is prejudgment or classism. the University of North Carolina at marred by the reference that people are Let us all stand up to end any kind of Pembroke. One of my current classes is likely to experience the five stages of prejudgment, to take the time to really Career Development Through the Life grief. It is important to remember that listen to each individual soul and to Span. We have a discussion group that Elisabeth Kübler-Ross addressed coping support every person in becoming who focuses on current events and trends with dying rather than grief per se. they truly are. related to careers. I was the moderator Moreover, current thinking in the field Karen McCarthy, NCC of one of these discussions. I had chosen of grief counseling has stressed the very Past Program Manager two articles from our surrounding individual pathways persons experience in State of Iowa FaDSS Program counties’ local newspapers that focused loss rather than some notion of universal Dubuque, Iowa on the area’s unemployment rate. Shortly stages. After all, is it realistic to expect w after choosing these articles, my copy of that given the very individuality and Counseling Today arrived. Once I read diversity that the American Counseling I was disappointed to see Ms. Graham Jenny’s article, I knew I had to incorporate Association rightly emphasizes, we would treat one culture with disdain while it into the discussion I was leading. all respond in a similar way to dying or attempting to educate us on the culture The article was full of beneficial loss? of poverty. She writes in her article that information that pertained not only to This should not deflect from the a school counselor told her, “People like this particular discussion, but also to our important aspect of Christenson’s piece. you do really well in the Army.” She course as a whole. It put a real-world spin Job loss generates grief — a grief that then goes on to say, “At that moment, on all of the information we are learning is often disenfranchised by the larger as a child, I heard the message loud and in textbooks. The article was not only community. clear that I had little meaning, possessed informative, but also sparked some very Kenneth J. Doka, Ph.D. low potential and, at some level, was interesting and spirited discussion. Past President, The Association of expendable.” The class consensus was that as future Death Education and Counseling As a person who served in the military counselors, we need to remember why Editor, Omega: The Journal of Death for 20 years, I can see that Ms. Graham we have decided to enter this professional and Dying knows little to nothing about that field. We want to become counselors culture. These men and women are the because we care about people, want to Commentary on ‘culture of only thing standing between us and the help them and have a deep empathy for poverty’ draws praise, criticism evil in the world that would gleefully the challenges that life presents to all of To anyone who missed Mary Amanda invade and destroy this country. Can you us on a daily basis. In the current state of Graham’s February 2009 Reader honestly say that has no meaning? These our economy, the class as a whole believes Viewpoint article (“Focus on ‘culture men and women are some of the finest that the counseling profession could of poverty’ misses the mark”), take a this country has to offer. Their lives have definitely benefit from the suggestions second look! Although I have been away great meaning, which people who have provided in the article, but we took it a from the work world and Community never served do not understand. They little further. Action Agencies for nearly 10 years, it have an abundance of potential. That We think counselors could give even seems some of the same beliefs remain, is why we can train them to supervise more of themselves by volunteering to even among advocates. I think Ms. other personnel and to be responsible for give free seminars dealing with career Graham reminds us gently of the damage millions of dollars worth of equipment. issues, such as at job fairs. Counselors that assumptions, prejudgments and We do not consider any military person could also compile lists of companies and stereotypes can have as they creep into expendable. They are our comrades in businesses that are currently hiring. It our work with individuals. arms, our brothers and sisters in uniform. was even suggested that counselors could The state of Iowa’s Family Development We put our lives in each other’s hands work out payment options, within ethical and Self-Sufficiency (FaDSS) Program is every day. limits, with clients who are struggling based on relationship building (monthly As for doing well in the military, it is financially because of job loss or loss of in-home visits with families receiving absolutely true. I too came from poverty. hours. welfare) and effective advocacy. This may I have managed to complete my master’s
8 | Counseling Today | April 2009 April 2009 | Counseling Today | 9 degree in counseling and am a licensed disorders. It is by acquiring this accurate same level of knowledge and practice as counselor thanks in part to the financial information that we can best serve our other mental health clinicians. When we support of the GI bill, but mostly because clients — even if a counselor’s opinion became counselors, we agreed to provide of the dedication, work ethic and high differs from that information. the best standard of care to our clients principles I learned in service to this Instead of refuting the misleading and — and that includes being informed and country. While you are thinking about erroneous statements in the critique up-to-date with the current research and cultures, please remember that the person (Letters, February 2009), I feel it is more standards of practice in mental health. in uniform is part of a culture with a productive to use this opportunity to urge Stephanie Moulton Sarkis, Ph.D., NCC, proud tradition of service and selfless counselors to practice the best standard LMHC devotion to our country. of client care. I implore all counselors Adjunct Assistant Professor Donald L. Graves, LPC/MHSP to learn as much as they can about the Florida Atlantic University Behavioral Research Institute Inc. very real biological nature of ADHD, Boca Raton, Fla. Cleveland, Tenn. depression, anxiety, schizophrenia and [email protected] other issues that affect our clients. Even if you do not agree with psychotropic Taking another look at medication, chances are you are Mind-body connection leads biological components, seeing clients being prescribed these to counselor-client connection psychotropic medications medications. It is ethically and legally in I learned enough from reading “Making This letter is in response to the your best interest to learn about these the mind-body connection” (February critique of my article that I wrote medications, the potential benefits and 2009) to want to know a lot more. I work for The Top Five column (“Helping side effects, and the role of genetics in the at a 24-hour group home for mentally adult clients with ADHD,” December development of psychiatric symptoms. It ill adults. In my part-time capacity, 2008). As counselors, we are ethically is also recommended that your opinion management has asked me to try and obligated to provide the best standard on the use of psychotropic medications reach one of the residents who has been of counseling services possible. This and the biological etiology of disorders, here for seven months and has not opened includes receiving accurate information pro or con, be disclosed to your client as up to any staff. I am happy to report that on the well-researched role of genetics part of the informed consent process. I have made some inroads by sharing the and psychotropic medication in the By being informed as much as possible Counseling Today article with her. She is diagnosis and treatment of attention about the biological component of very intelligent and already knows the deficit hyperactivity disorder and other mental health disorders, we operate at the value of integrating her thoughts with her
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10 | Counseling Today | April 2009 physical health to try and control signs or higher in music therapy from one commitment to educating the public of and symptoms of her psychosis. of more than 70 AMTA-approved these therapies’ benefits. Thank you, and congratulations on a colleges and universities. Entry-level Barbara L. Wheeler great article. study requires academic course work President, American Music Therapy Patty Boyle McCrossan and 1,200 hours of clinical training, Association Phoenix, Ariz. including a supervised internship. Upon Silver Spring, Md. u completion of academic and clinical training, students are eligible to take the Coverage of music therapy seems slightly off-key national examination administered by the Letters policy Certification Board for Music Therapists Thank you for highlighting the Counseling Today welcomes letters (CBMT), an independent, nonprofit importance of creativity in counseling to the editor. Individuals may submit relationships and the value of the creative certifying agency fully accredited by the letters as often as they like, but arts therapies in “Creating connection, National Commission for Certifying Counseling Today will print only one crafting wellness” (November 2008). We Agencies. After successful completion letter per person per topic in each applaud the enthusiasm expressed for the of the CBMT examination, graduates 365-day period. Letters are subject to power of music in treatment. are issued the credential necessary for editing for both length and clarity. While mention is made of the use of professional practice: Music Therapist- When submitting a letter to be recorded music in counseling and the Board Certified. To demonstrate considered for publication, please American Music Therapy Association continued competence and to maintain provide your name and town. If you (AMTA) website is listed, there is this credential, music therapists are wish to have your e-mail address list- no recognition of music therapy as a required to complete 100 hours of ed with your published letter, please note that in the body of your e-mail. profession in its own right, nor any continuing music therapy education or to Opinions expressed in letters do information related to the education and retake and pass the CBMT examination not necessarily reflect the views of national board certification required to with every five-year recertification cycle. ACA or the staff. For more information, readers can visit Counseling Today practice as a qualified music therapist. E-mail letters to [email protected] musictherapy.org and cbmt.org. Friends who use “active listening skills” or write to: Counseling Today, Letters can help each other immensely, though We appreciate Counseling Today’s to the Editor, 5999 Stevenson Ave., it certainly would not be considered continued support of the creative Alexandria, VA 22304. counseling. In a similar fashion, arts therapies and are grateful for its counselors using music can potentially enhance the counseling process, but they are not practicing music therapy. As a professional discipline, music Smart Marriages therapy has been in existence for more than half a century, with a wealth 13th Annual Conference of research to support its clinical July 8 -11 • Orlando applications. We appreciate Counseling 60 hrs CE Today’s encouragement of counselors using creativity to enhance their work, TRAIN & CERTIFY to teach dozens of marriage-strengthening, practice-expanding programs. Study with the master/founders. but we believe it is important to make a clear distinction between counselors using My practice is transformed! I offer PREP, 7 Stages, Stepfamily Journey, and PREPARE - and plan to add more. R. DeMaria, PhD music and the services provided by board- This is THE #1 place to sharpen your couple skills! A. Pembleton, LHMC certified music therapists. Music therapy is an established health 200 top experts - LIVE and In-person, including: Howard Markman & Scott Stanley - PREP • Sue Johnson - EFT: Hold Me Tight profession in which music is used within John Gray - Mars/Venus • Gary Chapman - Five Languages of Apology • Esther a therapeutic relationship to address Perel - Mating in Captivity • Barbara Dafoe Whitehead - Generosity & Thrift • the physical, emotional, cognitive and Terry Hargrave - Boomers on the Edge • Pat Love & Steven Stosny - Marriage: social needs of individuals of all ages. 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April 2009 | Counseling Today | 11 Washington Update - By Scott Barstow, Christopher Campbell and Peter Atlee
VA to request new occupational category for counselors
he American Counseling President outlines budget Other sources of funding for the Association is pleased promoting health care, education initiative include the accelerated Tto announce that the On Feb. 26, nine days after signing development and adoption of health Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) the economic stimulus package into law, information technology systems, has approved the establishment of a new President Barack Obama made public his implementation of demonstration and occupational category, or categories, budget outline for Fiscal Year 2010. The pilot programs under Medicare and for Licensed Professional Counselors outline will be followed by a complete, Medicaid to evaluate payment reforms and Marriage and Family Therapists detailed budget proposal expected to be to reduce unnecessary and inefficient working within the VA health care submitted to Congress in April. Although spending, and an increased investment system. The move is an important step the outline proposes only slight increases in program integrity initiatives to reduce in discretionary spending next year at forward in implementing Public Law waste, fraud and abuse in Medicare both the Departments of Education and 109-461, the Veterans Benefits, Health and Medicaid. The budget outline also Health and Human Services, it includes Care and Information Technology proposes a $330 million increase in policies that would result in billions of Act of 2006, which established spending on programs aimed at reducing dollars in increased support for health shortages of health care professionals, explicit recognition of both mental and education. health counselors and MFTs within such as the National Health Service The budget outline calls for dramatic Corps loan repayment program. the Veterans Health Administration. changes to the Pell grant program, Until the VA’s endorsement of a new The budget outline calls for a $4.9 shifting it from a discretionary to a billion increase in spending on the VA occupational category, it was unclear mandatory program and eliminating for FY 2010 to $52.5 billion. During the whether counselors and MFTs would bank-based student loans in favor of next five years, the budget would increase be considered merely subcategories of direct lending to students. The outline funding for the VA by $25 billion above an existing occupational category for a calls for $116.8 billion in increased the current spending baseline. The budget different profession. spending on Pell grants over the next 10 outline specifically identifies improving The announcement came after the years, allowing Pell grant levels to grow mental health screening and treatment House Veterans Affairs Committee wrote faster than the rate of inflation and keep services as a priority area for both the VA to VA Secretary Eric Shinseki urging better pace with tuition increases. and the Department of Defense. In the area of health care, the budget the VA to “move quickly” to establish The House and Senate Budget regulations enabling counselors and outline proposes the establishment of a reserve fund of more than $630 billion Committees have begun hearings on MFTs to “work to their full potential the president’s budget outline and the within the VA.” The letter also stated over 10 years to finance broad health care system reform. President Obama broad spectrum of issues that it touches. that federal job classifications for each The president’s budget will serve as the of the professions should be established and congressional leaders are hoping to enact legislation to significantly reduce basis for the budget ultimately adopted “in order to recognize their status as the number of Americans without health by Congress, and the budget adopted full-fledged, independent mental health insurance, now estimated at 46 million. by Congress will set the framework for professions.” The letter was developed The cost of the reserve fund would be the appropriations bills to be enacted and solicited jointly by ACA, the partially paid for through $176.6 billion later this year. Importantly, the budget American Mental Health Counselors in savings from reductions in spending adopted by Congress will determine Association and the American Association on Medicare Advantage health care how much money is available for for Marriage and Family Therapy. plans, in which managed care companies spending on Medicare benefit changes Although it will take some time for the provide health care coverage to Medicare (such as physician payment reform and federal Office of Personnel Management beneficiaries. Currently, the government establishment of coverage of professional to develop new occupational descriptions pays managed care companies an average counselors’ services) and health care in response to a request from the VA, of 14 percent more per beneficiary than system reform. Both major Medicare their creation will mark a key step in it costs to provide coverage through legislation and health care reform achieving recognition of the counseling the traditional fee-for-service Medicare legislation are on the agenda for Congress profession. program. this year. u
12 | Counseling Today | April 2009 INVITES YOU TO ATTEND OUR WINTER & SPRING
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COUNSELING TO TYPE: MOTIVATING STUDENTS AND CLIENTS THROUGH INDIVIDUALIZED CAREER COUNSELING
EDUCATION WORKSHOPS 2008 - 2009 DATE FACILITATOR LOCATION WORKSHOP TOPIC
NYU 12/19/2008 Catherine Rains NYC, NY Introduction to Strong University of South Carolina 01/06/2009 Catherine Rains Columbia, SC Counseling to Type Stanford University 01/09/2009 Catherine Rains Mountain View, CA Counseling to Type University of Denver 01/28/2009 Catherine Rains Denver, CO Counseling to Type Emory University 01/30/2009 Catherine Rains Atlanta, GA Introduction to Strong Vanderbilt University 02/05/2009 Catherine Rains Nashville, TN Counseling to Type Johnson County Community College 02/12/2009 Catherine Rains Overland Park, KS Counseling to Type Austin Community College 02/18/2009 Catherine Rains Austin, TX Counseling to Type IUPUI 02/24/2009 Catherine Rains Indianapolis, IN Counseling to Type University of Wisconsin Madison 03/04/2009 Catherine Rains Madison, WI Counseling to Type University of Portland 03/06/2009 Judith Grutter Portland, OR Counseling to Type Wesleyan University 03/12/2009 Catherine Rains Middleton, CT Introduction to Strong University of Michigan 03/26/2009 Catherine Rains Ann Arbor, MI Counseling to Type Southern Methodist University 04/02/2009 Catherine Rains Dallas, TX Counseling to Type University of Utah 04/08/2009 Catherine Rains Salt Lake City, UT Counseling to Type Cornell University 04/15/2009 Catherine Rains Ithaca, NY Counseling to Type Carnegie Mellon 04/23/2009 Catherine Rains Pittsburgh, PA Counseling to Type Ohio State University 04/23/2009 Sherrie Haynie Columbus, OH Counseling to Type UCLA 04/29/2009 Catherine Rains Los Angeles, CA Counseling to Type Brown University 04/30/2009 Sherrie Haynie Providence, RI Counseling to Type University of Maryland 05/01/2009 Catherine Rains College Park, MD Counseling to Type University of Missouri 05/08/2009 Catherine Rains St. Louis, MO Counseling to Type University of Notre Dame 05/12/2009 Catherine Rains Notre Dame, IN Counseling to Type Loyola University 05/14/2009 Catherine Rains Chicago, IL Counseling to Type NYU 05/20/2009 Catherine Rains NYC, NY Counseling to Type MIT 05/28/2009 Catherine Rains Boston, MA Introduction to Strong University of Minnesota 06/03/2009 Catherine Rains Minneapolis, MN Counseling to Type Johns Hopkins University 06/26/2009 Catherine Rains Baltimore, MD Counseling to Type University of NC - Chapel Hill 08/07/2009 Catherine Rains Chapel Hill, NC Counseling to Type
The six-hour workshops are facilitated by either Catherine Rains, (formerly Catherine Holmes), M.S.; Sherrie Haynie, M.Ed., or Judith Grutter, M.S., NCC, MCC.
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April 2009 | Counseling Today | 13 Courtland Lee The Top Five - With Mark Reiser A timeless wisdom: Lessons from traditional healers
t the 2007 Association for counseling process are universal. Every from cultural backgrounds in which Counselor Education and culture has traditional ways of dealing professional counseling does not exist, A Supervision conference in with human crises and psychological there is a far greater likelihood that they Columbus, Ohio, I had the pleasure distress. People throughout the world will have faith in the healing power of of hearing Courtland Lee deliver a have for centuries found help for problem some traditional helping source rather very moving keynote address. Those resolution and decision making outside of than a Licensed Professional Counselor in attendance probably still remember a context that consists of a professionally trained in a CACREP-accredited the tragic story of the young boy who trained and credentialed counselor. counselor education program. Therefore, desperately needed a trip to the dentist Throughout human history, people in respecting a client’s belief in the power but never received it. When I began The crisis have looked to other individuals of a traditional healer may mean Top Five and started thinking about to help them solve problems and make that counselors need to form helping counselors I wanted to feature in the decisions. These helpers, or in some cases, alliances, when appropriate, with healers. column, Courtland was one of the first healers, have many names: curanderos/ Significantly, both guidelines for cultural people who came to mind. This month, curanderas in Mexico, mudangs in Korea, competency and ethical guidelines call for I’m delighted to share the article he’s sangomas in South Africa, fakirs in the respecting indigenous helping practices. written for us. Middle East and shamans in North 2. Promote a holistic perspective. In Courtland Lee is a professor and America. Although they practice a the worldwide traditions of indigenous director of the counselor education variety of techniques, they all represent a healers, little distinction is generally program at the University of Maryland, universal tradition of helping people solve made between physical, mental and College Park. He is the author, editor or problems and make decisions. spiritual well-being. Individuals are seen coeditor of five books on multicultural I firmly believe that as professional from a holistic perspective with a strong counseling, two books on counseling counselors in the technologically emphasis on the interconnectedness and social justice and three books on sophisticated 21st century, we belong to of mind-body-spirit. In the universal counseling African American males. this tradition. These traditional helpers/ helping tradition, there is not “physical” Courtland is the president of the healers have much to teach us about the or “mental” illness, but rather a International Association for Counselling nature of health and well-being and how misalignment of the whole person with and a fellow of the British Association to be effective with those whom we work. natural forces. Therefore, counselors for Counselling and Psychotherapy We, like them, are part of a centuries-old, would be wise to focus on the importance — the only American to receive this worldwide helping/healing tradition and, of interconnectedness in academic, honor. Courtland is also a fellow as such, are the inheritors and guardians career and personal-social counseling and past president of the American of a timeless wisdom. Importantly, people interventions. A review of recent Counseling Association, along with look to us to use this wisdom to help literature suggests that this holistic being a past president of the Association them solve problems or make decisions. perspective is being advocated in wellness for Multicultural Counseling and From this timeless wisdom, here are approaches to counseling. Development. In addition, he is a past five important lessons for professional 3. Emphasize the psychospiritual president of Chi Sigma Iota and a charter counselors. dimension of the client’s reality. member of CSI’s Academy of Leaders for 1. Respect your client’s belief in the The traditions of indigenous healing Excellence. power of the healer. It is important to emphasize a nonordinary reality, which understand that a helper is effective only is the realm where human destiny is w if the person he or she is attempting decided. In many cultures, healers Courtland Lee to help believes that the helper has the consider this to be the spirit world. Many As a professional counselor, I have had power to make a difference. Traditional indigenous healing practices include the the good fortune of traveling to every healers throughout the world have been “journey” to the spirit world by the healer continent except Antarctica. Everywhere I effective for centuries because people on behalf of the helpee to find answers for have journeyed in the world, I have been believe they have helping power. This problem resolution or decision making. struck by a remarkable fact about our is also true of professional counselors. The concept of nonordinary reality profession. Even though counseling is a Counseling can be effective only if a underscores the importance of what uniquely 20th-century North American client believes the counselor has the can be considered the psychospiritual profession, the activities that make up the power to help. For many individuals dimension of a client’s reality and
14 | Counseling Today | April 2009 personality. This domain of personality conducting some ritual or ceremony, the many cultural traditions of the United transcends thoughts, feelings and actions. healer actively takes part in the problem- States. The wisdom of traditional healing For many healers, this realm of reality is solving or decision-making process. The practices teaches us that as culturally considered to be the seat of the soul. For traditions of counseling, on the other competent counselors, we must be careful counselors, such a concept implies going hand, often reflect a more passive role for in placing value judgments on cultural to places often beyond both their training the counselor. The counselor generally helping practices that differ from our and comfort level. What it suggests is engages in listening, and the whole own. We must commit ourselves to that it is important for counselors to helping process is often considered the understanding the worldview of our emphasize the spiritual dimension of a “talking cure.” client’s reality. Significantly, the active role of the clients and respect their views on the From an existential perspective, this traditional healer lays the basis for the power of helpers, no matter how different notion of spirituality suggests helping concept of the “activist counselor” that the helping practices may be. We must people focus on how they approach living has become prominent in the literature. understand that we, as counselors, walk and dying and the meaning of their lives. This is the counselor who acts not only an ancient healer’s path and are part of a Indigenous helpers teach us that when with the client but also for the client as worldwide healing tradition. u we work with clients, it is important to an advocate or systemic change agent. help them heighten their awareness of Traditional healing practices underscore what is sacred in their lives (either from the notion of counselor as a primary Mark Reiser is the column editor a religious or secular perspective). It is instrument for change. for The Top Five and a doctoral also important that counselors work with 5. Accept cultural difference as student in the University of clients to assess the meaning of life and its merely difference and not deviation. Wyoming Counselor Education significant concepts. For example, what Any review of worldwide helping/healing Department. Contact him at does work/career mean? What will it practices has the potential to surprise, [email protected] to comment on mean to me and my family to be the first shock and even repel many professional this article or to recommend other person to graduate from college? counselors. It is important to note, counseling professionals to feature 4. Adopt an active helping role. In however, that these practices are deeply in upcoming columns. the universal healing tradition, helpers rooted in age-old cultural traditions Letters to the editor: adopt08-AU-3012 an active Counseling helping role. Today Whether Ad it7.qxd in 2/24/09 every society 10:40 — theAM same Page way 1 that [email protected] is “journeying” on behalf of a helpee or professional counseling is rooted in
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April 2009 | Counseling Today | 15 Counselor Career Stories - By Rebecca Daniel-Burke
Working with eating disorders in rural Montana Steve Bryson
sometimes receive letters from license as an LCPC when I moved back RDB: Is there a theorist you like in the American Counseling Association to Montana. field? Imembers on any number of topics. RDB: What led you toward counseling SB: Yes, Craig Johnson. He attributes Some letters are so compelling that I call people with eating disorders? much regarding eating disorders to genet- the member to clarify, ask questions or SB: It was actually by default; nobody ics. He says that, for the most part, genet- inquire about a source. My conversation wanted to treat them. They used to be ics are the gun and the psychosocial issues with Steve Bryson was so interesting that viewed as willful and vain with control- pull the trigger. I asked him to share in Counselor Career ling mothers, etc. I began treating people RDB: We hear more about eating dis- Stories how he developed his “just some with anorexia, bulimia and eating dis- orders in male clients of late. Do you see guy” philosophy. Read his story; it might orders NOS (not otherwise specified). I much of that? help you along your own career path. SB: Women still do have 90 percent learned quickly that the team approach Rebecca Daniel-Burke: Tell me about of the diagnosed eating disorders and was very important. I work with an in- your current counseling position. men 10 percent. There is talk about the ternist who had a large group of clients Steve Bryson: I am a registered nurse incidence being higher among gay males, with eating disorders, a dietician and (RN) and a Licensed Clinical Professional but it is so hard to tell in rural communi- Counselor in Whitefish, Mont. I have a an exercise physiologist. Any counselor ties because most gay men are still deeply private practice. As is the case with most in any town can put together this team. closeted here. Many in our society still folks in small towns and rural communi- Eating disorders need to be treated from equate slimness with youth and attrac- ties in America, I see most presenting different angles, so a multidisciplinary tiveness. That is a battle for both sexes. problems, although I see a good number approach is the most effective. RDB: What do counselors need to of people with eating disorders. RDB: Do you see clients with DSM know about counseling this population? RDB: What started you down this ca- (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of SB: As a counselor, you need to be an reer path? Mental Disorders) subtypes? advocate. You need to be nurturing and SB: I grew up with an adoptive father SB: Yes, we see binge/purge types who authoritative without being an authoritar- who was a mortician. It seems from use vomiting, types who use overexercise ian. You need a treatment team. Even if an early age I was a good listener. I and food restriction, etc. you live in a small town, find a medical remember listening to families talk about RDB: Why do you think so few coun- doctor who knows about metabolic con- their loved ones. Adults kept saying I was selors want to treat eating disorders? sequences. Find a dietician or nutrition- a good listener. I suppose that was the SB: For one thing, it is very difficult. ist. Even in a rural area, you can create beginning. It is not a lone-wolf pursuit; you must an eating disorder consortium with these After high school, I became a Navy use the whole team. Counselors who like three professionals. It is even better if you coreman (medic). I thought I would see to work alone aren’t comfortable with can add an exercise physiologist. the world, but I was stationed in Cali- that. Even when using a team approach RDB: What are your thoughts about fornia and stayed there throughout my … people die. Not long ago, a man died inpatient treatment for people with eating Navy career. I observed that RNs worked disorders? from starvation and his refusal to enter in a number of interesting settings in SB: The inpatient programs are fine; inpatient treatment. I saw him and was the Navy. When I got out of the Navy, I the problem occurs when they leave. This so worried that we had him taken to the went to college and became an RN and is why I am part of a group creating an emergency room against his will. They received my bachelor’s in psychology. eating disorder comprehensive treatment My first position out of school was as tested him, and because most of his tests program alongside a rural medical cen- a charge nurse at a state mental hospital were within normal range at that mo- ter. When our clients leave the medical in Montana. I oversaw two locked wards ment, they released him. Two weeks later, hospital, they will go into our compre- and two unlocked wards. I realized he died. It’s tough on the whole team. We hensive residential treatment for three then that I needed to know more about are still processing our feelings about his months or so. Then they will go into a counseling. death in our team. partial hospitalization program, attending Eventually, I moved to Seattle and RDB: Sometimes we do everything we daily as they live back in the community. remained there for seven years. During can think of and we still lose someone. It Then they will be followed up in group that time, I got my master’s in commu- is never easy. or individual counseling. The inpatient nity mental health counseling. I got my SB: This is true. treatment must be followed by this com-
16 | Counseling Today | April 2009 prehensive follow-up if we are going to SB: Early on, my great aunt sat me celebrate some accomplishment. He told see success. down and said, “You have a lot of abili- me I should come. I said I had to work, RDB: Was it difficult to get into the ties, you are bright and you are a good but I wanted him to know that he was an entrepreneurial spirit one needs to create listener. You need to use these skills.” inspiration to work for. He said, “You are a new program? I also had a mentor who was a priest an inspiration to me.” I said, “Well, I’ll SB: No, I enjoy it. and a psychologist. His name is Kazimir never accomplish as much because I am RDB: What mistakes have you made Zielinski. Kaz was very supportive and not an M.D.” His response was, “There along your career path? And more im- complimentary toward me. He bolstered is ample evidence that there is no cor- portant, what lessons did you learn from my confidence. He told me that my natu- relation between the educational level of those mistakes? ral style was something I should capitalize the therapist and the effectiveness of the SB: When I was green, I would neglect on. He told me not to water down my therapy.” He convinced me I could do to ask for help, for supervision or con- natural style by trying to fit a mold. He important work as an RN and a profes- also had such a depth of understanding sional counselor. sults. I made some bonehead mistakes. about the theory and practice of counsel- RDB: I love those stories. By the way, The lesson is simple. Ask for supervision. ing that inspired me to learn and grow. do you have a theoretical hero, a theorist Ask for peer consults. Do not try to go it And he inspired with the humility that I who inspires you? alone. try to model now. When I am in a thera- SB: The counseling world opened up RDB: What have your clients taught py room with a client and feel like I hit a to me when I read (Carl) Rogers. My you? roadblock, I say to myself, “I’m just some heart-centered approach found a home in SB: To never underestimate the power guy. I am not such a big deal, not the end Rogers. and resilience of the human spirit. They all-be all. I am just some guy.” RDB: You have a private practice, you have also taught me that creating a warm, Lastly, I worked at the University are helping to build a treatment center helping relationship with an atmosphere of Washington with David Dunner, — you are a busy man. How do you take of caring and trust is more important the chief of psychiatry at Harborview care of yourself? than all of my therapeutic skills and Hospital in Seattle. He was a hard core SB: I live in Montana on 20 acres. I go strategies. researcher, very evidence based, and he downhill skiing, I climb to all the peaks RDB: Was there someone who saw had hundreds of journal articles he had I can, I hike, I canoe and I love to just something special in you, who helped you authored. But he also had a full heart. sit in my backyard with my family and along your career path? One day they were giving him a party to look at the beauty of our surroundings. ������������������������������� ����������������������������� ���� ��������������������������� � ������������� ��������������������� ������������������ ������ ���������������������� ��������������������� ���� �������������� �������������������������� ������� ��������� ���������������������������������������������� ������ ���������� ������������� ������������� �������������������������������� ������� �������� ������������������������������������������������� ������� ��������� �������������������������������������������������������� ������� ��������� ������������������������������� �������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������� �������������������������������������������� ���������� ���������� �������������������������������������� ������������������������� ������������������������� �������������� ��������������� ��������������� ������������ ��������� ����������� ������������� �������������������������� ���������������� ���������� ���� ������������ ������������ ��������������������� ���������� ������������
April 2009 | Counseling Today | 17 Sometimes I do quiet mindfulness walks through the land. I might see some wild- life, but other than that, it is still and gor- geous, and I am alone and quiet. One thing I do for my spiritual side is look at the sky. I have nine telescopes. I love to look at the sky, at the stars. Noth- ing seems big or insurmountable when I look at the sky. The other little thing that helps me when I get stressed out dealing with clients is I say to myself once again, “I’m just some guy.” “The ACA Encyclopedia of RDB: Interestingly enough, when I Counseling is like no other reference feel overwhelmed by complex problems, in professional counseling. Whether I often say to myself, “I am just a share- preparing for a credentialing cropper’s daughter.” examination or an unfamiliar client SB: Are you? issue, this book will serve as a review of RDB: Yes, I am. And this brings me to salient information or a quick resource our last question. Is there anything I have for other in-depth treatments of the not asked that you want our readers to topic.” know about your story? —Thomas J. Sweeney, PhD SB: I know this magazine is really pored through by students and new counselors. I Professor Emeritus, Ohio University want them to know that they are involved in one of the noblest professions. Where “This is a long awaited tour de force that is likely to become a else do you get to experience the cutting classic.” edge of life and get paid for it? I hope —Colleen R. Logan, PhD they are deeply honored by those people ACA President, 2008–2009 who come to them and entrust them with something so important. This premiere counseling reference book is ideal for students, w educators, supervisors, researchers, and practitioners seeking to quickly update or refresh their knowledge of the most ACA values the opportunity to honor important topics in counseling. More than 400 entries span the career paths of working counselors the 2009 CACREP core areas used in counselor preparation, with Counselor Career Stories. The continuing education, and accreditation of counseling hope is that the lessons these counselors share each month will be helpful to work- degree programs, making this a perfect text for introductory ing counselors and students alike as they counseling classes or for use as a study guide when preparing seek employment and career fulfillment. for the National Counselor Exam. This encyclopedia makes For additional assistance with career and counseling come alive through its user-friendly writing style; employment issues, visit the ACA Career instructive examples that connect readers to practice, teaching, Center at counseling.org/CareerCenter/, supervision, and research; and its helpful cross-referencing where you can view current online job of entries, boldfaced important terminology, and suggested listings, CareerBuilder and state and fed- ÀiÃÕÀViÃÊvÀÊvÕÀÌ iÀÊÃÌÕ`Þ°ÊÓääÊUÊÈÇÓÊ«>}ià eral employment lists. u
"À`iÀÊÇÓnÇ - ÊÇn£xxÈÓäÓnn Rebecca Daniel-Burke is the List Price: $99.95 ACA Member Price: $74.95 director of the ACA Career Center. She was a working counselor for Please include $6.75 for shipping of the first book many years and went on to oversee, and $1.00 for each additional book. interview and hire counselors in various settings. Contact her at American Counseling Association [email protected] if 800-422-2648 x222 you have questions, feedback or counseling.org suggestions for future columns. Letters to the editor: [email protected]
18 | Counseling Today | April 2009 More Than a Job! Helping Knowledge Nomads and the Your Teenagers Find Success Nervously Employed: and Satisfaction in Their Workplace Change & Courageous Future Careers Career Choices Richard T. Lapan Rich Feller and Judy Whichard Motivating adolescents to become Practical, and highly readable, actively engaged in their own career Knowledge Nomads and the Nervously development is not always easy, Employed explores the abilities and but this book makes it fun. Written personal traits needed to secure for parents, school counselors, and and maintain employment in our private practitioners who work rapidly changing global economy. with adolescents, More Than a Job! provides an easy- This book will motivate readers to step out of their to-follow, step-by-step plan to help teenagers prepare comfort zone, develop new skills and behaviors, for their future educational and career goals. Lapan’s and make courageous career choices that nurture TEAM (Targets, Examples, Assessments, Mutual Actions) their passions and maximize their potential in all approach uses a series of exercises and activities for of their life roles. Learn what it takes to succeed in teens and adults to do together that identify strengths today’s workplace, improve your skills, view career and areas of concern, foster clear communication and development as a lifelong process, stay ahead of shifting interpersonal skills, enhance self-esteem, and increase workplace trends, and use technology to its fullest. resiliency and independence in adolescents so that they are able to work toward successful and rewarding careers. Published by ProEd and CAPS Press 2005 | 170 pgs | ISBN 978-1-4164-0062-2 2008 | 125 pgs | ISBN 978-1-55620-278-0 Order #72867 | List Price: $29.95 Order #72863 | List Price: $24.95 ACA Member Price: $22.95 ACA Member Price: $18.95 Career Development Across Family Matters: The Influence the K–16 Years: Bridging the of the Family in Career Present to Satisfying and Decision Making Successful Futures Robert C. Chope Richard T. Lapan Family Matters places the family Dr. Lapan’s model offers a framework front and center as one of the for exploring how fundamental premier influences in career career constructs develop within decision making. It contains an interconnected network of activities and exercises that job cultural, social, economic, and seekers, counselors, and counselor political contexts. Exemplary career educators will find useful; gives counseling constructs and techniques for all educational innovative strategies for including the family as a part levels are provided to link theory to practice. Professionals of the job seeker’s network; and offers new ideas about will learn the skills necessary to empower young people to how people can break away from the influence of make proactive, life-affirming career choices that enhance dysfunctional families. personal satisfaction and well-being. Published by ProEd and CAPS Press, LLC 2004 | 285 pgs | ISBN 978-1-55620-188-2 2006 | 176 pgs | ISBN 978-1-4164-0063-9 Order #72811 | List Price: $48.95 Order #72866 | List Price: $32.95 ACA Member Price: $34.95 ACA Member Price: $24.95
Please include $6.75 for shipping of the first book and $1.00 for each additional book. To order call 800-422-2648 x222 or visit counseling.org
April 2009 | Counseling Today | 19 Private practice in Counseling - By Robert J. Walsh and Norman C. Dasenbrook Alternatives to ‘all-in-one’ programs
Q: Our office manager is looking counselors to read the provider contracts group and is not portable. You cannot use for a system to manage our client’s before they sign. You could charge the that group number in your own business. contact and insurance information client for extensive report writing or Any group you later form would need a as well as tracking of payments and correspondence as long as it is spelled new group NPI. aging reports. Can you recommend or out in your informed consent document. We talked with the provider relations point me in the direction of a system We believe time spent in routine director for American Behavioral that would serve our purpose? We use correspondence or making telephone calls Managed Care, who gives us pretty Availity (availity.com) for most of our for client care is included in the direct reliable inside information. She said insurance billing because the majority service fee. your personal NPI is portable, so put of our clients are Blue Cross Blue it on lines 24j., 32a. and 33a. of your w Shield and Aetna, and (Availity is) free. CMS-1500 claim forms. You do not People have suggested QuickBooks, Q: I am in the process of incorporat- need two NPIs unless you establish a but we aren’t sure if that is appropriate. ing and taking the big leap to get a group practice. You would then need to Thanks so much for always providing part-time practice started. I have a apply for a group NPI number, which ACA members with great information. National Provider Identifier (NPI) would replace the personal NPI number A: Since you don’t need or want an number. Does the incorporation also you have been using on line 32a. You “all-in-one” program, QuickBooks need one? And if so, is that the one I may want to run all this by the group (quickbooks.intuit.com) would be a good would then use? you were connected to just to keep from bet. QuickBooks will not only create a A: If you are an individual practice burning bridges accidentally. database, do client invoicing and keep office, the quick answer is no. If there Second, write to each of your managed track of accounts, but also serve all of are counselors in the office in addition to care and insurance companies to let them your accountings needs and do payroll you, then your group will need its own know of your intentions to start a private for the office manager as well. The cost is group NPI number. (Also see the answer practice. Our contact, the provider about $200. to the next question.) relations director, said the managed care and insurance companies should be glad More and more, we are hearing that w smaller practices are using a “dual system” to keep you in their networks, but you Q: I am currently in a group for practice management and billing. must give them the address of your new practice but will be leaving (soon). With free or low-cost electronic billing practice. Good luck, and let us know The managed care networks I am a services such as Availity and Office Ally how the transition goes so we can share part of include Aetna, Blue Cross Blue (officeally.com), practices are opting to use details with other providers moving to Shield of Illinois, LifeSynch, Humana, one program for insurance and another independent practices. Magellan and ValueOptions. When I for client billing. Although there is some w depart this group practice, what must duplicate data entry with this option, it is I do to continue my participation as Find the important new ACA less expensive than purchasing an all-in- a private practice provider in these bulletin “Transfer Plan — Counselor one program and possibly having to pay managed care companies? I’d like this Incapacitation or Termination of other, after-the-purchase, fees. transition to be as seamless as possible Practice” in the Private Practice w (without causing problems for others Pointers section of the ACA website Q: Can I bill insurance companies remaining in the group practice). Any (counseling.org). u for my time spent writing letters to suggestions? courts, Family Services and so on as A: This may get a little technical. ACA members can e-mail their requested by clients? If so, what CPT We would take two paths to get started questions to Robert J. Walsh and (Current Procedural Terminology) code on your own. First, you can use the Norman C. Dasenbrook at would I use? individual NPI number that you had [email protected] and access a A: You could, but don’t wait by the with your former group in your new series of “Private Practice Pointers” mailbox for the check to arrive. Most private practice. An individual provider on the ACA website at counseling.org. insurance and managed care companies has and owns his own NPI number, Letters to the editor: will only reimburse for direct client which is portable; there is also a group [email protected] contact. That is why we always encourage NPI number that is owned by the former
20 | Counseling Today | April 2009 From The President Death,Divorce,andOtherLosses Continued from page 5
What it is even sadder to me is that CreateanEmotionalWhirlwind although we have a champion of hope in thatTimeAloneCannotHeal the White House, I am not sure the rights of sexual minorities are on the radar. And I’m definitely not sure that the current political and national climate provides much hope to our sexual minority youth. We remain asterisks. This is a call to action. I am an asterisk. The inalienable and equal rights that supposedly apply to all people do not apply to me. I challenge each of you to advocate every day, in every way, for those who are disenfranchised, oppressed and marginalized. I challenge you to give hope to the “us”es by fulfilling your ethical obligation to engage in social action and effect positive change. As a lesbian, as a mother, as a partner, as a counselor, as a leader and as a human, I ask you to stand with me and change the world one person at a time.
With pride, Colleen u
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April 2009 | Counseling Today | 21 Resource Reviews - With Ruth Harper
Building Multicultural and self-study. Having taught diversity Reflections on Human Potential: Competency: Development, courses in higher education for years, I Bridging the Person-Centered Training and Practice know such courses must connect issues Approach and Positive Psychology Edited by Joseph L. White and of multiculturalism, diversity and racism Edited by Brian E. Levitt, 2008, PCCS Sheila J. Henderson, 2008, Rowman & to one’s own life before moving forward. Books Ltd., 235 pages, $35.32 (paper- Littlefield, 226 pages, $54.95 (cloth), This chapter guides both instructors and back), ISBN: 978-1-89805-996-7 ISBN: 0-7425-6420-7 students in making that important step. The purpose This book is Five chapters of promising practices of these 17 based on the make up Part II of the book. I found essays seems to premise that these chapters to be honest — we learn be twofold: to the counseling much from what does not work — while provide a deeper profession, providing examples of how programs can understanding of especially its change. These chapters also document the person-centered training programs, the commitment that higher education concept of human is deficient when must make in the area of diversity potential and to it comes to connect this enhancement. multicultural approach to the field of positive Part III contains four chapters for training, course offerings and support of psychology. training and mentoring in the field. students of color. Add to that deficit the The introduction provides a brief Topics addressed include multicultural fact that the United States is becoming overview of positive psychology and more diverse. In 40 years, people of color research, multicultural mentoring, person-centered personality theory. The will become the numerical majority, managing resistance to multicultural aim, as the title claims, is to build a something called the “browning of initiatives and challenging dialogues. bridge between positive psychology and America” (which I find humorous, The final chapter, written by Thomas person-centered counseling and then to considering that the Americas were A. and William D. Parham, is a frank contrast them with illness ideology. The inhabited by brown people to begin discussion of the evolution of the first section of the book contains three with). If a paradigm change does not National Multicultural Conference and essays that discuss the historical context occur, then the field of counseling will be Summit. With admirable intentions of the actualizing tendency in person- prepared to effectively serve less than half to engage in meaningful and multiple centered theory, beginning with Carl of the U.S. population. discussions, the first summit was held Rogers’ paper on the topic written in To begin, editors Joseph White and in 1999. The authors candidly discuss 1963. The next two essays provide a clear Sheila Henderson describe the evolution the 2005 controversy generated by a explanation of the role of the actualizing of the Multicultural, Multiracial, conference session purposely listed to tendency in person-centered theory Multiethnic Competency Building Model disguise a workshop on “conversion and present what Tony Merry calls the 3 (M CB). This multiculturally centered therapy” for lesbian-gay-bisexual- “conundrum of the actualizing tendency.” (rather than European American) model transgender clients, which caused quite This conundrum looks at actualization as guides the reader “to achieve change an uproar. the posited “only source of motivation,” in levels of multicultural competency whereas “to assume secondary motives I was impressed by the honest and … if action is taken across four levels”: is inconsistent with person-centered open discussion of difficult issues 1) conceptual/theoretical/intellectual, theory.” presented in this book. This “how-to” 2) emotional through multicultural The book’s second section comprises dialogue, 3) behavioral engagement and resource provides guidance when it comes five essays dedicated to contemporary 4) skill building. The authors not only to teaching multicultural issues and explorations of human potential in discuss the difficulty and emotionality diversity, and I would highly recommend person-centered theory. Emphasis is involved in cross-cultural encounters it to all instructors. placed on making the shift from viewing but also suggest ways to engage through Reviewed by Stephanie J. Waterman, human potential as a noun to perceiving films, literature, discussion questions and assistant professor of educational leadership, it as a verb — or the tendency to similar activities. higher education, Warner Graduate School actualize. “The Myth of the Actualizing What impressed me about this chapter of Education and Human Development, Tendency” by Brian Levitt explores the is the authors’ emphasis on self-reflection University of Rochester. actualizing tendency as a construct that
22 | Counseling Today | April 2009 ultimately serves as a guiding story in our This collection offers much that will be components of the theories, provides relationships and actions, while Peter F. of use and interest to graduate students, more detailed explanations of human Schmid asks, “How do we become the faculty members and practitioners. The potential and should inspire readers to personality that we are?” vast number of literature references apply these concepts to their own lives The four essays in the third section provided throughout these essays is a as well as to the lives of those individuals take the focus from illness to health, highly valuable resource that highlights they may serve. concentrating on proactive promotion the major components of the person- Reviewed by Michelle A. Weigel, assistant of health and well-being. Among the centered approach. These references professor, psychology, University of Mary material covered is implications for are then connected with those from (N.D.), and doctoral student, counselor practice, the factors of mental health the newer field of positive psychology, education and supervision, North Dakota and the model of how change works, where research is under development. State University. u providing very helpful applications to Commonalities between the person- counseling practice. centered approach and positive Applying the human potential psychology are discussed, as are ways in perspective to marginalized populations which the use of one informs the use of and topics, including impoverished the other. Comparisons are also made children and sexual diversity, is the theme between the positive psychology paradigm Ruth Harper is the column of the fourth section. The final section and the traditional medical model, editor for Resource Reviews offers three profound personal reflections. stressing the importance of incorporating and a professor of counseling and These concluding essays apply person- aspects of overall well-being. human resource development at centered theory and the actualizing Because multiple voices contribute South Dakota State University. tendency to individual experiences over to this book, information is presented Submit reviews for consideration the life span. Reflections on the impact in a manner that ranges from basic to [email protected]. of human potential through conditions to more dense and complex. Each of worth and death are shared, as are essay is independent of the others, Letters to the editor: moving experiences with group therapy but their arrangement flows well. This [email protected] for children. insightful collection explains the overall
Perhaps the easiest and most common way of making a n If you’re divorced or if your civil partnership has been planned gift is in your will. Did you know that 50 to 70 dissolved you can decide whether to leave anything to percent of Americans die without a will? It’s easy to put o an ex-partner who’s living with someone else making a will, but if you die without one, your assets may n You can make sure you don’t pay more Inheritance be distributed according to the law rather than your wishes. Tax than necessary This could mean that your partner receives less or that the money goes to family members who may not need it. Skip Hansen, ACA Foundation Director of Development, Making a will - why it’s important can help you with ways to remember your profession in There are lots of good nancial reasons for making a will: your will. He may be reached at: n You can decide how your assets are shared - if you don’t make a will, the law says who gets what Robert A. “Skip” Hansen, D.Min. CFRE Director of Development n If you aren’t married or in a civil partnership (whether American Counseling Association Foundation or not it’s a same-sex relationship) your partner will not 5999 Stevenson Avenue • Alexandria, VA 22304 inherit automatically; with a will, you can make sure 703.823.9800 x302 • 703.823.9881 FAX your partner is provided for 800.347.6647 x302 • 352.223.7727 Cell [email protected] • http://www.acafoundation.org
Please remember the American Counseling Association Foundation in your will.
April 2009 | Counseling Today | 23 The Digital Psyway - By Amanda K. Brace and Marty Jencius Kids trapped by the Net
ighly publicized cases of Websites for kids n BlogSafety.com: Supported by many cyberbullying in which Several of the websites designed for of the social networking sites such Hthe targets of the taunts or kids are colorful and interactive. This as Facebook, MySpace, Xanga and abuse eventually committed suicide have is helpful when trying to educate them AOL. It provides advice and articles increased the level of concern about this about profile safety, cyberbullying and on topics concerning cyberbullying, topic in recent years. Sameer Hinduja online chatting. text messaging, online chatting and so and Justin W. Patchin bring to light some n Netsmartz.org: Created by the National forth. A Spanish-language version of startling realities in their book Bullying Center for Missing and Exploited the site is also available. Beyond the Schoolyard: Preventing and Children, this site is interactive and n MySpace.com: MySpace.com is getting Responding to Cyberbullying and on their provides statistics for parents, children involved in the growing concern over website at Cyberbullying.us. and educators. According to their research, 17.5 safety in its social networking world, percent of youth have been victimized n SafeTeens.com: Gives a list of social- issuing a protocol for users to report during their lifetime through web tips for teens, while also providing abuse or other safety concerns. Users cyberbullying (the Pew Internet and information for parents. can click on the safety tab on the home American Life project — pewinternet. n Stopcyberbullying.org: Provides defini- page, file a report with the company org/PPF/r/216/report_display.asp — puts tions and covers the hows, whys and and access advice from the people in this figure at 32 percent). In turn, prevention aspects of cyberbullying. charge of helping MySpace members. 17.3 percent of youth reported having The site also provides an age range for n GetNetWise.org: Google, Microsoft and participated in an act of cyberbullying. kids to click on, as well as resources for Verizon are among the corporate spon- When looking at the past 30 days, the parents, teachers and law enforcement. sors of this site. Topics covered include researchers found that 9.4 percent of n Cyberbullying.info: Another very inter- kids’ safety, spam, security and privacy. youth reported having been cyberbullied, active site developed for younger chil- which included actions such as receiving dren in which a detective helps them Legal, criminal issues e-mails that were upsetting, being made explore the dangers of the online world Parents, educators and students should fun of in chat rooms or having something through games, news articles and facts. be made aware of sites that provide posted on their MySpace page that made An information technology consultant assistance with legal and criminal issues them feel upset. from Australia created the site. related to the online world. Cyberbullying leads to feelings of n NCPC.org/cyberbullying: The National frustration, sadness, embarrassment and Sign up or purchase fear among those who are targeted. The Crime Prevention Council uses perpetrators of cyberbullying are most n WebWiseKids.org: This site has a cur- this site to share information on often students from the victim’s school riculum concerning online issues that what parents and kids can do about (26.5 percent), a friend (21.1 percent), an users may purchase for a hands-on cyberbullying. ex-friend (20 percent) or an ex-boyfriend/ and minds-on learning experience for n Cybertipline.com: The National Center ex-girlfriend (14.1 percent). The gender children. Educators may find this site for Missing and Exploited Children prevalence of those who perpetrate worth looking through for the lesson cyberbullying is nearly equal, but females examples. has developed this site so parents, are more likely to have been victims of educators and children can report n CSN.org: The Child Safety Network cybercrimes. cyberbullying in their lifetime. site is free, but users must create an The impact of cyberbullying can account to log in and receive informa- n Cyberbullying.org: Created by Nancy manifest itself in a variety of ways beyond tion from the group. Willard, a lawyer who specializes in the immediate incident, including poor school law, this website includes ex- grades, absenteeism, emotionality and Corporate/media-sponsored sites amples of cyberbullying and what can self-esteem issues, depression and (as an Many corporate and media be done to help. extreme response to the victimization) organizations are getting involved in suicide. This month, The Digital Psyway “cybersafety” efforts to provide some n WiredSafety.org: This site provides focuses on websites that can be useful in assurance that they are protecting youth information on a variety of online helping counselors, parents and children from potential Internet abuse. Several activities that could put users at risk of develop guidelines for safe Internet use websites are sponsored or created by these safety issues such as identity theft and and prevent cyberbullying. companies. cyberharassment.
24 | Counseling Today | April 2009 Internet lingo Users interested in the “techno” language commonly used in text NEW EDITION! messaging and online (including in instances of cyberbullying) can find English-to-techno and techno-to-English translations at lingo2word.com and transl8it.com. Both websites are fluid and updated by users regularly. For software CAREER COUNSELING: and explanations of technology jargon Contexts, Processes, and Techniques, Third Edition on the World Wide Web, sites such as À>Ê °ÊÞÃLiÀÃ]Ê >ÀÞÊ°Êi««iÀ]Ê>`ÊÃi« Ê°Ê ÃÌ webopedia.com and whatis.com are helpful. n Lingo2word.com: Type in the Inter- “As an instructor, I am delighted net lingo and this site will produce to see a text that is adaptable to a translation. This site also handles emoticons. beginning and advanced career counseling contexts, that addresses n Transl8it.com: This site includes a contemporary work issues and “most-used message” list. Users can challenges, and that attends to the also add lingo to the database. concerns and strengths of diverse n Webopedia.com: Users can choose clients. This is a book to keep on the categories to go along with the words shelf in the career counseling office they are looking for. The site also has long after class is over for quick pronunciation help. reference to concepts, options, and strategies.” n Whatis.com: Similar to Webopedia. com, this site has a range of tech and —Ellen Hawley McWhirter, PhD software information. University of Oregon
The Internet is a great place for a child’s This book presents a practice-focused approach to career learning and enjoyment. Let’s keep it a counseling that will help you enhance the skills and techniques safe place to be. in your career counseling repertoire. It incorporates the w most widely used traditional career counseling practices with You can find these links and add your new and emerging career development concepts, making own by commenting at The Digital it an exceptional text for both counselors-in-training and Psyway website at digitalpsyway.net. u seasoned practitioners. Topics discussed include traditional and postmodern career theories and approaches; counseling an increasingly diverse workforce and addressing cultural context issues such as race, class, gender, and disability; forming a productive alliance with the client; gathering client Amanda K. Brace trains school information; using assessment inventories and instruments; counselors about cyberbullying developing client action plans; and navigating the termination and is a doctoral student in the «ÀViÃðÊÊÓääÊUÊÎÓxÊ«}à counseling and human development services program at Kent State "À`iÀÊÇÓnn£ÊUÊ- ÊÇn£xxÈÓäÓnÈ University. ÃÌÊ*ÀVi\ÊfÈ{°xÊUÊACA Member Price: $45.95
Marty Jencius is the column editor for The Digital Psyway and an Please include $6.75 for shipping of the first book associate professor of counseling and $1.00 for each additional book. and human development services at Kent State University. Contact American Counseling Association him at [email protected]. 800-422-2648 x222 Letters to the editor: [email protected] counseling.org
April 2009 | Counseling Today | 25 New Perspectives - With Donjanea L. Fletcher
For the ancestors
eriodically, New Perspectives the response of one of the female candi- Faculty members can assist students in dedicates space for new profes- dates: “For the ancestors,” she explained. many ways by taking on the role of men- Psionals or graduate counseling She was of Appalachian descent and tor or adviser. Faculty can also facilitate students to share their developmental would be the first person in her family small-group class discussions to help stu- experiences in their own words. This to earn a Ph.D. I immediately identified dents cope with grief as graduation nears. month, Wendy Eckenrod-Green, a Na- with this woman. I too would be the first Faculty members need to function from tional Certified Counselor and a doctoral in my family and, like other students I the foundation of multicultural counsel- candidate at the University of North have met, I have conquered a lot of barri- ing competence (knowledge, awareness Carolina-Charlotte, writes about grief in ers to get there. and skills) because there are sometimes the wake of graduation. During my doctoral program, several significant differences in how various In the May and June issues, New Per- students and colleagues have experienced cultures grieve. Recommendations for spectives will feature a two-part series on the significant personal loss of a mother, faculty (adapted from HospiceNet.org) the career concerns of new graduates. a father, a friend or a grandparent. I ex- include: w perienced the loss of my own grandfather n Help students prepare for unexpected during this time. As my own gradua- grief before graduation and assist stu- Wendy Eckenrod-Green tion nears, I am cloaked by the love and dents through the grieving process. As graduation descends on counseling memories of both my living and deceased n Be a good nonjudgmental listener students and faculty, numerous feelings ancestors. The bittersweet feelings of (be careful of boundaries and dual and memories begin to stir. A sacred bit- pride and sadness return. I long to make relationships). tersweetness often sweeps over students sense of or do something with the sadness and faculty during this time. Students that still catches me off guard at times. n Be patient. are likely filled with pride due to their My reflections turn to questions: How accomplishments, perseverance and hard n Let the person cry. can I honor my beloved ancestors, both work. Faculty members may likewise be living and deceased, on graduation day? n Before graduation, formally check in flush with pride due to their own hard How can I grieve for them in a way that with students who have experienced work, including their committed efforts is healthy? How can I share with my two a loss during or prior to entering the to mentor students, and because their little redheaded boys the importance of program. counseling progeny are ready to enter the our ancestors? field with outstretched wings. n Continue to provide support after the Although graduation is a time filled Routinely overlooked, ignored or initial loss. avoided, however, are the feelings of sad- with celebration, students and faculty n Respect the pain of loss and be pre- ness that often accompany the expected should be prepared for unexpected grief that may arise based on loved ones who pared for your own emotional feelings. pride and joy. Graduating with a master’s Relating to others who are grieving or doctoral degree is no small task, so have died or are otherwise unable to at- sometimes generates memories, ques- when the day arrives, or even as it ap- tend the graduation ceremony. According tions and fears about our own mortal- proaches, there is a sense of letting go, of to “A Guide to Grief” on the HospiceNet. ity and experiences. a goal accomplished, of transition from org website, grief is a normal response to student to professional. And like other loss, including the death of a loved one n Help students process what it means significant events in our lives (weddings or the loss of a home, job, friendship, to them to have a master’s or doctoral and births, for example), we long to cele- relationship or marriage. The website also degree in counseling. brate this accomplishment with our loved states that because grief does not follow n Help students brainstorm ways they ones, some of whom may be deceased. an exact timetable, it is important for stu- can honor their ancestors or loved One small-group discussion during my dents and professors to be aware of some ones. doctoral interviews stands out. The ques- of the reactions to grief, including shock, tion was, “Why have you chosen to get a denial, anger, guilt, sadness, acceptance n Be aware of the feelings and symptoms doctoral degree?” I distinctly remember and growth. of grief.
26 | Counseling Today | April 2009 n Pay attention to danger signs (includ- n Indulge yourself (for example, take a infinite wisdom of creating a tradition ing weight loss, substance abuse, nap or read a good book). to help us commemorate and remember our ancestors. Red roses were placed on depression, prolonged sleep disorders, Recommendations for students who are a table at the front of the funeral home physical problems, talk about suicide grieving include: and lack of personal hygiene). and, one by one, all my grandmother’s n Allow yourself to grieve a loss. children and grandchildren picked up n Be aware of community resources. a rose. My grandmother’s wish was that n Express your feelings. we would all travel to the Dan River, to HospiceNet.org makes the following n Ask for help when needed. a specific bridge near where my great- recommendations for people experiencing grandmother grew up, and cast the roses grief: n Be patient with yourself. into the river. At age 36, I still honor this n Feel the pain. n Keep yourself healthy. act of remembrance to signify both loss and celebration. n Talk about sorrow by sharing n Be alert to your physical needs. This river and area is a sacred place memories. n Learn more about grief. to me. I married my husband next to this river, and on my wedding day, my n Forgive yourself for all the things you n Trust your ability to heal. bouquet consisted of red roses. When believe you should have said or done. I was 11 when I lost my grandmother the ceremony was over, I stole away and n Eat well and exercise (create a routine). to cancer. Prior to her death, she had the stood alone on the riverbank. I pulled a single red rose from my bouquet and delicately tossed it into the river. After I Counseling or internship defend my dissertation, I will again stand employment spots: Assistant director on the bank of this sacred river and cast a of academic advising at Meredith single red rose to celebrate and honor my College; former graduate intern at ancestors. Meredith Academic Advising and What follows are other suggestions to Career Centers (internships can turn help express thoughts and feelings related into career opportunities) to grief (adapted from HospiceNet.org and HumanityQuest.com): Greatest accomplishments: My Life, My Story n Keep a journal Marrying a wonderful man; being a “My Life, My Story” profiles an indi- n Write a poem vidual new to the counseling profession mom to a beautiful toddler; taking advantage of as many opportunities who is proving to be exceptional. If n Create a collage that expresses grief you would like to nominate a student as possible to grow, both personally or new professional to be featured, and professionally; making wonderful n Create a cartoon relationships with professionals, e-mail [email protected]. n students and faculty; being featured in Create masks of what grief looks like Introducing … Angela S. Shores, Counseling Today n Take a photograph Licensed Professional Counselor and Keys to success: 1) Never let any- n Reflect on or write about the following American College Counseling Associa- topics: A special memory I have of you tion graduate student member at large one tell you you can’t do something; 2) Be grounded in your religious/ is … Ways in which you will continue to live on in me are … Special ways I spiritual beliefs and use that strong Age: 30 have of keeping my memories of you foundation as your rock and anchor; alive include … u Hometown: Born and raised in 3) See a need, fill a need; 4) Wherever Mount Ulla, N.C.; currently in Fuquay you go, go with all your heart; 5) Varina, N.C. Share something with someone: men- tor, teach, help people grow; 6) Love Donjanea L. Fletcher is the column Current school/program status: with all your heart, read, laugh and editor for New Perspectives and Doctoral student in counselor play as much as you can. a student affairs counselor at the education at North Carolina State University of West Georgia. If you University, Raleigh, N.C. When you grow up, you want to: are a student or new counseling Be the best mom and wife I can be, professional who would like to sub- Prior education: Master’s in com- become a counselor educator, become mit a question for this column to munity counseling (2006) and bach- a published writer with journal/news- address, e-mail [email protected]. elor’s in religion (2001) from Campbell letter articles and books and become Letters to the editor: University ACA president! u [email protected]
April 2009 | Counseling Today | 27 Multicultural considerations Counselors discuss some of the unique aspects and challenges of working competently with six diverse client populations Interviews by Jenny Christenson n August 2008, the U.S. Census and Human Services; North Atlantic Bureau released updated popula- Region representative to the ACA Gov- Ition projections for the midcentury. erning Council; board member of the Among its findings were that minority Association of Multi-Ethnic Americans; populations, which currently make up copresenter with Mark Kenney of roughly one-third of the U.S. population, “Discussing the Multiracial Population in would actually become the majority in Counselor Education Curriculum” at the 2042 and would constitute more than 2009 ACA Conference; coauthor with half of all U.S. children by 2023. Bea Wehrly and Mark Kenney of Counsel- The Hispanic population is projected ing Multiracial Families (Sage Publica- to grow from 46.7 million in 2008 to tions, 1999) 132.8 million in 2050 and make up 30 percent of the nation’s total population. Describe your professional background African Americans are expected to make in working with people who identify as up 15 percent of the nation’s total popu- multiethnic/multiracial. lation in 2050, increasing from 41.1 mil- I’m an LPC, a counselor educator, a lion to 65.7 million. The country’s Asian member of a multiracial/multiethnic population is projected to reach 40.6 mil- family and have two multiracial teenage lion (9.2 percent) by midcentury. Perhaps daughters. My partner/spouse and most telling, the number of individuals I have been doing research, writing, who identify as being of two or more presentations, consulting and teaching races will more than triple between 2008 courses about the issues of the multiracial and 2050, from 5.2 million to 16.2 mil- population for almost 20 years. We’re lion. At the same time, the nation’s white the cofounders and cochairs of the ACA population is expected to decline from 66 Multiracial/Multiethnic Counseling percent of the population in 2008 to 46 Concerns Interest Network. percent in 2050. Given the rapidly increasing ethnic What makes this cultural and racial diversity of the United States, group unique? Counseling Today asked six American It is unique by virtue of its composi- Counseling Association members to dis- tion. The multiracial, multiethnic popu- cuss some of the major considerations in lation is the most diverse multicultural working with diverse client populations. population in our society. It is a group often represented by not only two cul- tural backgrounds, but more than two Multiethnic/multiracial cultural backgrounds. The uniqueness lies individuals in the fact that the worldview experience of multiracial/multiethnic individuals involves navigating a multiplicity of backgrounds.
What are some of the psychosocial issues specific to this group? Dr. Maria Root, a well-known psychologist who has written extensively on this population, talks about six themes that are salient to the experiences Kelley Kenney of multiracial/multiethnic people over Coordinator of graduate programs in their lifetime. The psychosocial issues are student affairs administration and student inherent in these six themes. affairs college counseling in the Kutztown 1. Uniqueness: Emphasizing the University Department of Counseling multiracial individual as distinctly
28 | Counseling Today | April 2009 different. Feelings of uniqueness works with the population. What values, composition. We know that in terms of throughout one’s lifetime may result beliefs, assumptions, etc., do you hold interracial couples, the largest composi- in behaviors or interactions that are about multiracial unions? I think that tion tends to be Asian women/European misinterpreted or misunderstood. much of what has surfaced around race men and Native American women/ 2. Acceptance and belonging: An with regard to President Obama is related European men. The smallest composi- ongoing issue of concern that results in to this. tion is African American women with multiethnic people feeling lost, caught Counselors have been subjected to the European men, but black/white unions in the middle or that they must straddle same biases and the same misinforma- continue to meet with much scrutiny and both sides of the racial divide. Certainly tion as the rest of society, so I think it controversy. We’ve observed this in the we’ve seen this with President Obama. is important that counselors work on reactions of some to President Obama. 3. Physical appearance or phenotype: themselves. They must also assess the So working with multiracial individuals Multiracial individuals are judged or values, beliefs, assumptions, etc., of the requires knowledge and understanding questioned about their identity based multiracial individual and assess how of the history of race relations in this upon their physical appearance. the multiracial individual’s experience country, how that history has influenced 4. Sexuality: This tends to be most might have been impacted by myths and society’s response and reaction to mixed- significant for multiracial women. Often stereotypes, attitudes and values. For race unions and mixed-race individuals it is tied to myths and stereotypes related example, for children, issues such as how and how that has impacted the individual to the exotic multiracial female. Related they are treated in school by teachers, family and the family’s interactions and to the themes of uniqueness and physical counselors or other children and how the dynamics. If you are working with a mul- appearance and how women are sexual- reactions of others have impacted their tiracial individual who is of Asian and ized by society. view of themselves and their view of other African heritage, it’s understanding that 5. Self-esteem: Having to do with the multiracial people are all important to their worldview experience is different development of a positive self-image and consider. from someone who is of Latino and Asian a positive internal frame of reference. heritage. Self-esteem is impacted by one’s experi- What do counselors need to know Understanding the impact of the ence relative to all of the themes. about family dynamics specific to multiple cultures and multiple cultural 6. Identity: Feeling a sense of connect- this group? worldviews on family dynamics is very edness and belonging. A positive sense of The second domain of the Multicul- important. In addition, understanding self in relation to others. Influenced by all tural Counseling Competencies is the how families navigate the multiple cultur- of the other themes. knowledge domain, which emphasizes al backgrounds is important. Dr. Root’s the importance of gaining knowledge and Ecological Framework for Understanding What are some issues counselors need understanding about the client and his or Identity provides a model for examining to be aware of when working with her worldview experience. With the mul- family dynamics and looks at the impact multiethnic/multiracial clients? tiracial population, that means obtain- of family dynamics on identity. This I think that the Multicultural Counsel- ing knowledge about the history of the model looks at the influence of a number ing Competencies provide an excellent multiracial experience in the U.S. as well of variables on how the individual’s expe- framework for how counselors relate to as knowledge about the worldview experi- rience has been shaped. These variables and work with this population. First, ence of the individuals counselors may be include gender; regional/geographical it’s important to be aware of one’s own working with. and generational history of race relations; values, beliefs, biases and stereotypes The multiracial individual’s experience sexual orientation; social class; inherited about multiracial individuals. This means and worldview is often influenced by the influences such as language, parents’ being aware of the influence of myths history of race relations in this country, identity and nativity; extended family; and stereotypes and other forms of mis- and the experience is often different de- names; values of the home; traits such as information on how one approaches or pending upon his or her racial and ethnic temperament, social skills, talents, coping
April 2009 | Counseling Today | 29 skills; social interaction with community; text, but also respectful and mindful of women, college students and immigrant social interaction in the home, school and what the individual is presenting with. So women. Additionally, I have conducted work; friends; outside-the-home com- I don’t think of the individual from the research studies with immigrant Latino munity; how one identifies racially and perspective of what theoretical construct families in the Southwest. ethnically; and phenotype. Phenotype is I can use in working with them. I’m an overarching variable that influences all thinking more from the context of what What makes this cultural of the other variables. I need to do to be respectful of all of who group unique? So family dynamics influence iden- this person is and what is going to be the I would not use the word “unique.” All tity and may be influenced again by the best approach based upon what they are varied racial, ethnic and cultural back- presenting. cultural groups have worldviews informed grounds and other identities represented Certainly things such as role-playing, by historical experiences, beliefs, values in the family. It is also important to note journaling, bibliotherapy, genograms, and traditions. Latinas/os is a term that that the experiences might be, and often cognitive reframing and various cognitive encompasses very heterogeneous ethnic are, different for siblings growing up in behavioral techniques may be helpful. groups of individuals who are multiracial the same family. from birth. Their/our heritage is Euro- Any final words of advice for work- pean and indigenous, or European and Are there some cultural norms present ing effectively with people from this African or European, indigenous and in this group that differ from those cultural group? African. The common denominator of found in mainstream America? Yes, it is important to understand the different Latino ethnic groups is the and to be mindful and accepting of the The thing that differs most about this Spanish language. population from others is that for multi- fluidity of identity when working with racial people, it’s about having a sense of multiracial/multiethnic people. It is also What are some of the psychosocial and being able to claim all aspects of who important to be aware of and to under- issues specific to this group? they are and not feeling as though they stand that fluidity as a positive, not as a have to choose one identity over another. negative, again keeping in mind Maria Generation status in the U.S. intro- Root’s model, which emphasizes the mul- duces varying psychosocial issues. For What are some challenges, and ways tiple influences upon identity. immigrants or first-generation persons to overcome these challenges, when and families, stressors include language working with people from this cultural differences, employment limitations, edu- Latinas/os background? cational attainment, discrimination and To me, the challenges are related to the low-income employment. counselor’s level of cultural competence For adolescents, there may be stress — awareness, knowledge and skills — to related to identity conflict. It is hard to work with the population. So, going back fit in if you do not look like the major- to the Multicultural Counseling Compe- ity group. Color is a factor. Latinos may tencies, how aware is the counselor about be visibly dark or white, thereby having his or her attitudes, values, beliefs, biases different social experiences. Second- and and assumptions about this population and how these may impact upon his or third-generation Latinos have more her ability to work with this popula- Patricia Arredondo exposure to risk behaviors than do first- tion? Second, how knowledgeable is the Associate vice chancellor for academic generation persons. counselor about the multiracial client’s affairs; dean, School of Continuing There are many health disparities for cultural worldview experiences and the Education; professor, Department of Latinos compared with the Caucasian multiple cultural contexts within which Educational Psychology, University of population. Education is an asset for the client navigates? And third, how does Wisconsin-Milwaukee; coauthor with greater employment and education op- the counselor’s awareness and knowledge Azara L. Santiago-Rivera and Maritza portunities, as it is for most groups. translate into respectfulness and mindful- Gallardo-Cooper of Counseling Latinos ness in utilizing appropriate intervention y La Familia (Sage Publications, 2002); What are some issues counselors need approaches and strategies? former president of ACA to be aware of when working with Latina/o clients? Are there certain techniques that are Describe your professional background First, there must be recognition of the helpful in working with multiethnic/ in working with people who identify as multiracial people? Latinas or Latinos. heterogeneity among Latinos, as indi- I come from and work from the phi- I have worked with Latinos of various cated in previous comments. Variables losophy that it is important to meet the ethnic backgrounds, particularly of Mexi- of heterogeneity include ethnic heritage, client where the client is and utilize skills can, Puerto Rican or Cuban heritage. multiple heritages/mixed race, language and techniques that are not only respect- In clinical practice, my clients were pri- abilities (bilingual, monolingual English ful of the individual from a cultural con- marily women. These were professional or Spanish), gender (marianismo and
30 | Counseling Today | April 2009 machismos), age, relationship status (single, married, separated), citizenship status, place of birth in the U.S. (regional Convenient. Affordable. Accredited. differences matter), religious preferences, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, education attainment and so forth. Depending on the client’s generation status in the U.S., there may be issues Continue your of family separation based on immigra- tion. Some immigrants have traumatic education experiences in entering the U.S. that may predispose them to fears, anxiety and without limiting social phobias. Loss and separation may contribute to depression. your practice – Not all Latinos speak Spanish. When working with adults, be more formal. Latinos are hierarchical, and it is best to use titles when speaking to adult women and men. Depending on generation sta- tus — immigrant, second or third — a family may hold more traditional values and practices.
What do counselors need to know about family dynamics specific to this group? Latinos are more allocentric or col- lectivistic, with an emphasis on relation- ships. There are values that speak to the importance of relationships. Familismo 100% Online Degrees refers to the importance of family as the no residency required hub or focal point for individuals. The extended family network involves coma- Master’s and Doctoral degrees offered dres, compadres, madrinas and padrinos. in your area of specialization – These individuals are not necessarily • Marriage & Family Therapy • Health Psychology/Behavioral Medicine blood relatives, but they become essen- • Industrial/Organizational Psychology tial to the family for their connection • Gender Studies through their role as godparents for bap- • General Psychology To compare costs, go to www.ncu.edu/compare tism, marriage, etc. Personalismo indicates the value of relationships. Getting to know someone else counts. Hermandad is geteducated.com another term referring to “brotherhood” TOP 10 RANKED BEST BUYS — a sense of interdependence. Respeto Online Masters Degrees signifies the expectation for relationships. Psychology & Social Science One must care about and show respect for the relationship. Emphasis is placed on parents and their obligation to bring up “sound” children. There is a proverb that says, “Padres sanos, hijos honrados” (solid, well-balanced par- www.ncu.edu/counselingtoday • 866-776-0331 ents have honorable children).
April 2009 | Counseling Today | 31 Are there some cultural norms present African Americans What are some of the psychosocial in this group that differ from those issues specific to this group? found in mainstream America? Most evident are the secondary symp- The previous examples may answer this toms due to systemic oppression, primar- question. Norms differ based on genera- ily racism. It has been suggested that tional differences. Families who are more traumatic stress results from the cumula- recent arrivals will maintain their cultural tive and pervasive effects of racism across values and practices very readily. Gen- generations. Such psychological distress is eration differences may lead to tensions characterized by health disparities, such as between parents and children who want high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity and to “Americanize.” The longer families are cardiovascular diseases, among others. here, the communities where they live, Cirecie West-Olatunji and their occupation and educational Assistant professor, University of Florida Additionally, African Americans are dis- attainment may mean families adopt Department of Counselor Education, and proportionately represented among indi- more mainstream values. A study a few affiliate faculty member, African Ameri- viduals diagnosed with both internalizing can studies; immediate past president, years ago found that no matter how long (depression, anxiety) and externalizing Association for Multicultural Counseling people have been in the United States, (irritability, aggression) behaviors. and Development; presenter on “Exam- they indicate that family is their highest For youth, African American students ining Parent Proficiencies of Culturally priority. The value of familismo persists. are disproportionately represented among Diverse Parents” at the 2009 ACA Con- children with special education catego- ference What are some challenges, and ways ries. In particular, these students are twice to overcome these challenges, when Describe your professional background as likely to be labeled as having an emo- working with people from this cultural in working with people who identify as tional behavior disorder, attention deficit background? African American. hyperactivity disorder, learning disorder Counselors need to address their biases My training began during my stud- or mild mental retardation than their and assumptions about Latinos. Other- ies in the master’s program at Teachers white counterparts, while they are half as wise, they will create barriers with the College of Columbia University, where I likely to be placed in gifted and talented clients. concentrated in multicultural counseling. programs. Chronic underachievement This allowed me to take specialty courses persists for many African American stu- Are there certain techniques that are that focused on cultural constructs and dents as a secondary symptom, due in helpful in working with Latinas/os? the intersectionality of identity for cul- You cannot generalize. Everything is turally diverse women and other socially large part to educational hegemony. situational and person-centered. The marginalized groups. I later transferred counselor must consider all of the iden- to the University of New Orleans, where What are some issues counselors need tity variables, generational differences I completed my master’s and doctoral to be aware of when working with and cultural values previously discussed. studies. Throughout my clinical and African American clients? Depending on the situation, family research training, I maintained a focus Counselors need to become aware of counseling can be very effective. Again, on multicultural counseling. Upon be- the subtle forms of bias that invade our the counselor must be aware of family coming licensed, I established a limited ability to accurately assess and concep- private practice, working with primarily norms and know when having a child in tualize the behavioral and attitudinal African American clients across a broad the room with parents is not advisable. spectrum of socioeconomic classes and presentation of African American clients. Also, children should never translate for ethnic groups (for example, Afro-Creole, Without an understanding of the cultural parents in therapy. Afro-Caribbean and continental African nuances of any culture, counselors can Depending on the issue, group work, clients). Subsequent to these experiences, unknowingly impose their values on cli- individual and/or family counseling can I have disseminated my research that fo- ents and aggravate presenting problems. be used. cuses on African American students and Moreover, lack of competence can cause
academic achievement. African American clients to disengage Any final words of advice for work- from the therapeutic process. ing effectively with people from this What makes this cultural Counselors need to become knowl- cultural group? group unique? edgeable about African American values, Latinos of second and third generation Prototypically, African Americans are strengths and methods of coping. For have grown up to be bicultural. They often characterized by an emphasis on generally know more than a counselor spirituality, socio-centrality (emphasis on instance, much has been written about about how things work in this country relationships), group orientation, flexible resistance as a form of coping for African from multiple perspectives. Counselors family roles, family networks that are American clients, suggesting that African should be careful not to patronize or as- intergenerational and can include non- American students who speak out for sume that individuals are immigrants and blood-related members, and knowledge themselves in schools may be appropriate- speak Spanish. construction through social interactions. ly advocating for themselves and others.
32 | Counseling Today | April 2009 What do counselors need to know Is there a counseling school of thought Are there certain techniques that about family dynamics specific to that this group might find offensive? are helpful in working with African this group? Many forms of nondirective therapies Americans? The concept of interchangeable family and interventions have been suggested Community-based interventions have roles is important when working with as ineffective with many African been underutilized by counselors when working with African American clients. African American families. As such, American clients. This may be due to the Western or Eurocentric notions of Organic settings where African Americans emphasis on genuineness or authenticity gender roles may be challenged when typically experience transformation in interpersonal relationships that is attempting to meet the needs of African and healing occur in religious settings, American families. Additionally, many recognized by the counselor’s ability community environments and familial African American families consist of to appropriately self-disclose, admit contexts. Yet, counselors may be hesitant multigenerational members, wherein limitations in expertise and acknowledge to move outside of their familiar contexts elders typically play an important role unintentional forms of bias. This may to embed themselves in African American in maintaining family, community and be why recovery skills are viewed as communities. cultural traditions and values. Therefore, important in the development of cultural One such intervention that utilizes counselors need to explore clients’ competence in counseling. “Keeping it the resources and strengths of African definitions of salient family members real” is a term African American clients American communities is the rite before assuming that all families are often express in stating what they value in of passage program. Rite of passage programs are designed to support cultural nuclear. relationships. and personal identity development as well as academic excellence through Are there some cultural norms present What are some challenges, and ways in this group that differ from those educational support, exposure to cultural to overcome these challenges, when found in mainstream America? and historical information, discipline and working with people from this cultural Several norms are in contrast to civic commitment. Such programs have Western or Eurocentric notions of background? been successful in improving students’ normality. The most evident is the A major challenge continues to be educational outcomes and trajectories. emphasis on group rather than individual unintentional forms of bias and, in needs or wants. African Americans tend school settings, lowered expectations Asian Americans to focus on community-level interactions. for academic performance by teachers There is an African saying, “I am because and counselors alike. To overcome we are,” suggesting that there is very little unintentional bias, counselors need to separation between the individual and move outside of their comfort zones the group. Using a Western perspective and expose themselves to settings for conceptualizing a client who espouses and experiences that challenge their this philosophy, a counselor might view beliefs and paradigms. Activities such the individual as enmeshed with the as immersion experiences, clinical family unit. From the African American outreach projects, use of multimedia worldview, such a group orientation aids (movies, films, etc.) and opportunities to in developing deeper values regarding Manisha Lakhotia one’s civic commitment, morality and establish meaningful relationships with Career counselor at the University of spirituality as reflected in how one African American individuals can assist California-Berkeley Career Center; pre- treats other members of the group (as counselors in becoming more effective. senter of “Career Counseling Issues and one would treat oneself). Hence, self- Further, they can become change agents Interventions for Asian/Pacific Islander monitoring behavior is intrinsically to advocate for vulnerable populations Premed and Business College Students” at linked to the fate of one’s group. within a systemic context. the 2008 ACA Conference in Honolulu
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April 2009 | Counseling Today | 33 “What might be considered a strength in American culture may be considered a weakness or inappropriate in Asian culture.”
Describe your professional background sider are the stereotypes (model minority conflicting values, disparity in educational in working with people who identify as myth, bamboo ceiling) impacting the levels within the group as a whole, high Asian American. student, the generational level of the prevalence of poverty despite a higher Through my role as a career counselor, student, the acculturation level of the stu- median income level and disparity I serve students of various ethnic and dent (how does the student identify her/ between level of education and income. It cultural backgrounds, including Asian himself) and the amount of parental in- is important to be respectful and take the Americans. My experience working with fluence (expectations) in decision making. time to build rapport so that the client Asian Americans includes collaborating With each of these issues, counselors is comfortable discussing family and with the director of Asian Pacific Ameri- can expect a full range of student reac- cultural issues. If these clients are able to can Student Services at the University tions. For example, with parental influ- identify and discuss their concerns (both of Southern California to develop and ence, reaction can range from students internal and external), they can reach an present a four-part career development being loyally compliant regardless of acceptance of what they believe they have workshop series to help students build a personal interests or needs to having feel- to do and/or grow in their capability to sense of community and strengthen their ings of conflict and guilt for wanting or “negotiate” with their families. skill sets. Also, students who attended considering other options. The students this program gained a higher level of may feel conflicted and believe themselves Are there certain techniques that empowerment and developed new tools to be rebellious or disobedient. What are helpful in working with Asian to become more successful in their self- might be considered a strength in Ameri- Americans? presentation. We developed the series can culture may be considered a weakness Research regarding counseling Asian based on feedback we had received from or inappropriate in Asian culture — for Americans and the understanding of employers and students, as well as litera- example, individualism, speaking about issues impacting Asian Americans is ture review. one’s accomplishments, etc. starting to grow, but there are still many gaps. From my experience, I think it What makes this cultural What do counselors need to know would be important to first consider self- group unique? about family dynamics specific to identity, generation level, acculturation As a group, Asian Americans are made this group? and how much rapport the counselor has up of many diverse cultures/groups, In general, Asian Americans are more developed. I think an approach that is which in themselves have unique values likely to use a collectivistic rather than in- concrete, direct and action-oriented can and beliefs. Some general attributes may dividualistic way of decision making. This be a good strategy in building rapport include collectivistic identity, filial piety, means that family, specifically elders, can and demonstrating respect. Solely focus- humility, recognition through achieve- have a huge influence on decision mak- ing on feelings may alienate the client. ment and conformity to norms. College ing, even if the individual is considered Using directive questions through narra- students who come from and adhere to an adult. The parents may feel it is their tive counseling can be a good approach, collectivistic identity may have family duty to provide guidance and help to the focusing on thoughts rather than feelings strongly influencing their major/career next generation. Having that awareness and involving family and cultural ques- choice and activities. For example, family and not being judgmental is important tions, depending on the comfort level and may direct students to pick a specific ma- in working with individuals who follow a self-identity the client presents. jor to lead to a specific career and provide more collectivistic approach in their deci- feedback on what activities are considered sion making. Any final words of advice for work- useful or relevant. ing effectively with people from this Are there some cultural norms present cultural group? What are some of the psychosocial in this group that differ from those It is important for the counselor to issues specific to this group? found in mainstream America? be aware of her or his own beliefs and Specifically with college students, some Some cultural values that may differ biases regarding Asian Americans and to issues that can impact this group include from mainstream European Americans be nonjudgmental, even if the counselor external stereotypes (for example, the include the importance of filial piety, hu- considers her/himself to be Asian Ameri- “model minority” myth), generational mility, conformity to family and cultural can because the counselor’s experience status, acculturation level and parental norms, and family recognition through may be vastly different from that of the influence in decision making and values. achievement. student. It is also important not to as- sume that these students should be able What are some issues counselors need What are some challenges, and ways to make their own decisions. Inadvertent to be aware of when working with to overcome these challenges, when judgment can cause distress in the stu- Asian American clients? working with people from this cultural dents, and they will probably not return. This is similar to my previous response. background? Listen to the students for cues, or they In working with college students, some Some challenges may include may simply state that this — whatever issues that counselors may want to con- internalized/externalized perceptions, that may be — is what they have to do.
34 | Counseling Today | April 2009 These students may or may not be able or misrepresented cultural groups, including traditional Arab families. Lastly, Arab want to communicate with their families Arab and Muslim Americans. Americans face unique stressors associated — it may not be appropriate. with historical and political world events. What makes this cultural Arab Americans group unique? What are some of the psychosocial I think what makes Arab Americans issues specific to this group? unique is their eclectic culture. There are The most common and detrimental major differences between Arabs who issues faced by Arab Americans are ste- come from different parts of the Arab reotyping and the ongoing discrimina- world in terms of language, traditions, tion experiences, which have a significant religion, immigration experiences, level of impact on their mental health. Being conservativeness and government policies. publicly profiled, stereotyped and misrep- Christian and Muslim Arab Americans resented has devalued the uniqueness of identify and adapt differently in the this particular group and led to more mis- Mireille Aprahamian United States due to differences in values trust, fear and isolation in society, while and unique practices between Western creating an unsafe environment for all. Full-time faculty research associate and and Islamic faiths. Besides the effects of discrimination director of evaluation at the Johns Hop- Traditional Arab American families experiences, Arab Americans face dif- kins Bloomberg School of Public Health have very strong family values, religious ficulties acculturating for various reasons. evaluating school-based early interven- affiliation and social connections. Arab Conflicts with cultural and religious val- tions; faculty associate at Johns Hopkins Americans depend on one another for ues and language barriers can make it dif- School of Education teaching a course on support, and they typically maintain a ficult for most Arab Americans, especially cross-cultural counseling more conservative approach to life. For Muslim Arabs, to acculturate. example, in many cases, divorce, abor- Describe your professional background tion, casual dating, alcohol and drug What are some issues counselors need in working with people who identify as use, and seeking counseling services are to be aware of when working with Arab Arab American. looked at as shameful. Gender roles are American clients? Over the past seven years, I have been also unique, and men are viewed as the Given the stereotypes and biases, coun- ad:Layout 1 5/30/08 11:16 AM Page 1 researching and counseling the Arab highest authority in the house of most selors need to be aware that developing American population through various channels. I was a language instructor teaching the Arabic language, culture and geopolitics for the U.S. military. During Get a Master’s in that time, I also worked as a counselor, gaining over two years’ experience coun- seling minority populations to include APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY Arab Americans. I collaborated with AT LYNN UNIVERSITY IN BOCA RATON, FLA. various Arab religious leaders (pastors and imams), extending out my counseling � Choose from clinical � Curriculum integrates theory services to the Arab and Middle Eastern track or general track and practice through research community as needed. Because most and practicum experiences � Clinical track satisfies all members of the community typically seek requirements for licensure � Ideally located on the southeast out pastoral counseling before they go to as a mental health counselor Florida coast, close to major a public counselor, my role has been as in the State of Florida metropolitan areas and sur- more of a consultant and adviser to the rounded by multinational leaders. � Cohort model encourages companies, health care and During graduate school, I gained ex- group interaction mental health treatment tensive knowledge about this population providers � Classes meet two evenings and their collective experiences while a week conducting my dissertation on levels of acculturation and its impact on Arab � Establish a personal connection LY NN Americans’ mental health. Currently, I with faculty and fellow students U NIV E R SITY am a counselor educator teaching courses in small classes 3601 N. Military Trail | Boca Raton, FL 33431 on cross-cultural and multicultural coun- seling to graduate students. Placing spe- For more information, go to www.lynn.edu or call 1-800-888-LYNN (5966). cial emphasis on social justice work in my Lynn University does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, gender, religion, nationality, ethnic origin, disability and/or age in administration of its educational and admission policies, scholarship and loan programs, athletic and/or classrooms, I highlight significant coun- other school-administered programs. Majors and programs are subject to change without notice. seling considerations when working with
April 2009 | Counseling Today | 35
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36 | Counseling Today | April 2009 “Because spiritual counseling is huge with Arab Americans, counselors often play nontraditional roles as consultants and advisers.” trust and a positive therapeutic alliance Are there some cultural norms present What are some challenges, and ways might be a challenge when working with in this group that differ from those to overcome these challenges, when Arab Americans. Counselors should found in mainstream America? working with people from this cultural monitor assumptions on both ends — Religion is the primary difference. background? client and counselor. Because counseling Arab Muslims have specific holidays and Trust, language barriers and commu- is usually a taboo in the Arab culture, the traditions that are unique to their faith nication styles can be dealt with in many client may feel uncomfortable with the (Ramadan, pilgrimage and so on). Arab ways: setting. Language barriers and clashes of American families believe in honor and 1. Be self-aware. Be aware of your own biases and prejudices. Know the ACA value systems, especially religious and hospitality. Dress codes are also more (multicultural competency) standards. cultural values, might be issues as well. conservative, particularly with Muslim 2. Know the regions of the Middle Counselors should avoid using complex Arabs. Some Muslim women choose to East. If you have a client from Iraq, he counseling terminology that may get lost wear the traditional hijab (cover). How- ever, at times, women here in the United or she is going to have a completely dif- in translation, so it is good to read and ferent experience than someone from the listen to both body and verbal language. States purposely wear a different kind of hijab. Because of stereotyping and how United Arab Emirates. Be knowledge- In addition, avoid implied meanings, able of the historical and political events they are perceived and treated, they find especially if the clients use Arabic as their pertaining to the country of origin. Then alternative ways to cover their hair, and primary language. you can have knowledge of the client’s others choose to get rid of it completely. background and culture. A lot of people are taking steps to blend What do counselors need to know 3. Consult with community leaders. in with the American culture in such about family dynamics specific to Because spiritual counseling is huge with ways as changes in name, changes in this group? Arab Americans, counselors often play physical appearances, etc. Definitely know that the majority of nontraditional counseling roles as con-
Arab American families come from a sultants and advisers. Counselors should Is there a counseling school of thought research community resources and be collectivistic society where family and that this group might find offensive? community are placed before the indi- equipped to make specific referrals related I find that choosing an appropriate to the needs of this population. Counsel- vidual. One member’s behavior can bring counseling approach is often based on the ors should consider that, often, an Arab shame to the entire family. Often, treat- client and the family. In my experience, American client is coming to counseling ment plans or counseling sessions should a lot of the existential approaches are as a last resort and absolutely needs your include other immediate and extended often successful when working with Arab help. Often they might not come to you family members. Clients might have to Americans because they focus more on for typical mental health problems. They consult with or take the family into per- understanding the client and the client’s might need help with job searching and spective. Gender roles should be assessed worldviews. Spiritual counseling is the so on. Traditionally, they have already because, in most cases, the father or most preferred approach by many Arab consulted their family and community male figure of the family — grandfather, Americans. I don’t have any evidence long before they came to see you. There- brother, uncle, etc. — is considered the to back up any potentially offensive fore, it is perfectly normal to be more head of household. approaches. active in finding solutions with the client.
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April 2009 | Counseling Today | 37 Are there certain techniques that religion) or not. Oftentimes, secular states What are some of the psychosocial are helpful in working with Arab might have more of a Western-adopted issues specific to this group? Americans? culture. Identity issues abound with American Treat the condition, but take into con- Indian populations. These vary from geo- sideration cultural components, stressors American Indians graphic living conditions, such as urban, and values. Treating every symptom as rural or reservation, to the larger issues of pathology might not be appropriate with federal or state government recognition. this population given that it might be In addition, psychosocial issues related related to psychosocial issues. Conducting to oppression, power and prejudice may informal assessments of discrimination create health and wellness issues. experiences, gender roles, levels of ac- culturation (language use, media use and What are some issues counselors need social relationships), identity (cultural to be aware of when working with and religious), age at migration (may American Indian clients? cause parental conflict) and length of Counselors need to be aware of the time in the United States is an important Tarrell Awe Agahe Portman vast differences that can be found among technique in determining proper diagno- Director, Office of Graduate Ethnic American Indian tribal groups in relation sis and treatment planning. Inclusion, University of Iowa Graduate to traditions, values and environmental Examine clients’ media use. Ask what College; associate professor and coordi- orientations. One of the most important television channels they watch to see how nator, school counseling and counselor issues is counselor self-awareness about close they are to their culture and how education and supervision programs, romanticizing American Indian clients or much discrimination they are being ex- Department of Counseling, Rehabilita- taking a deficit perspective of American posed to in the media. Also examine their tion and Student Development; author of Indian abilities or wellness. relationships, including how close they such journal articles as “American Indian are to their social surroundings and how Women Sex Role Attributions” and What do counselors need to know isolated they may be from the American “Debunking the Pocahontas Paradox: about family dynamics specific to community, which can lead to not having The Need for a Humanistic Perspective” this group? access to the available resources. One of the best studies about American Indian family dynamics was presented Lastly, assessing trauma experienced Describe your professional background pre- and postimmigration can help through Carolyn Attneave’s publications. in working with people who identify as determine the cause of the problem. Any counselor working with American American Indian. Some Arab American clients might Indian populations should read this My professional experiences have have gone through war trauma in material. their homelands. Another technique is always aligned with my cultural back- building a support system through family, ground. I have dedicated my research to Are there some cultural norms present friends and community. counseling issues particularly related to in this group that differ from those American Indian populations. found in mainstream America? Any final words of advice for work- There are many cultural norms that ing effectively with people from this What makes this cultural differ, but it is difficult to convey this to cultural group? group unique? counselors without being stereotypical Keep in mind the cultural diversity The terms American Indian, Native or creating counselors who automatically present in this population. Remember to American, Native American Indian and assume or impose cultural normative assess the trauma they might have expe- Indigenous Peoples are used interchange- information on their American Indian rienced prior to immigration. Although ably to describe a population of people clients. it is easier for Christians to acculturate that consists of many separate tribal or Is there a counseling school of thought in the United States, you may find the aboriginal nations. These separate groups that this group might find offensive? same anxiety and depression symptoms have their own sovereignty issues and con- This would vary by the individual. as in Muslim Arab Americans due to nections with U.S. and state governmen- However, due to the genocidal behaviors the fact that they are the minority in the tal systems. This “dual citizenship” creates of past governments, American Indian a unique cultural atmosphere for Native Arab world and, therefore, may have been clients may not do well with some gov- American peoples even different from prone to discrimination experiences. ernmental policies or procedures mandat- Also, keep up with current events. Poli- those of other underrepresented groups. ing counseling. tics and news are where stereotypes are Although attributes cannot be general- mostly found, and that’s where the stres- ized to all indigenous peoples, there are What are some challenges, and ways sors originate. Consider family ties back some common value systems among the to overcome these challenges, when home and how that may impact the client populations. These may be based upon working with people from this cultural and family living in the United States. tribal traditions and oral histories or background? When assessing country of origin, find sharing of information from one group to Empowering American Indian clients out if it is a secular state (separate from another. to reflect and consult with other Ameri-
38 | Counseling Today | April 2009 can Indian people to discuss treatment options would be a good beginning. ACA resources The following books published by the American Counseling Association are Are there certain techniques that are available for order by calling 800.347.6647 ext. 222 or by visiting the ACA online helpful in working with American bookstore at counseling.org. Indians? In my opinion, an existential approach n Multicultural Issues in Counseling, n Case Incidents in Counseling for works well with American Indian clients. Third Edition, edited by Courtland International Transitions, edited by C. Lee Nancy Arthur and Paul Pedersen Any final words of advice for work- n Counseling Multiple Heritage n A Handbook for Counseling ing effectively with people from this Individuals, Couples and Families, International Students in the group? written and edited by Richard Unites States, edited by Hemla D. Be open to group decision making and C. Henriksen Jr. and Derrick A. Singaravelu and Mark Pope the influence of the group culture on the Paladino individual. For the most part, American n Counseling for Social Justice, Second Indian tribal groups are representative of n Counseling African American Edition, edited by Courtland C. Lee collectivistic cultures. u Families, edited by Jo-Ann n Multicultural Competencies: A Lipford Sanders and Carla Bradley Guidebook of Practices, edited by (copublished by the International Gargi Roysircar, Daya Singh Sandhu Association of Marriage and Family and Victor Bibbins Sr. Counselors) n A Handbook for Developing n Contemporary Mental Health Issues Multicultural Awareness, Third Among African Americans, edited by Edition, by Paul Pedersen Jenny Christenson is a former Debra Harley and John Dillard n staff writer for Counseling Today. Cross-Cultural Counseling: A n Counseling Asian Families From a Casebook by Clemmont E. Vontress, Systems Perspective, edited by Kit S. Jake A. Johnson and Lawrence R. Letters to the editor: Ng (copublished by IAMFC) [email protected] Epp
April 2009 | Counseling Today | 39 Cultural communication Examining how culturally relevant counseling can help students of color overcome barriers to success By Jenny Christenson
oh, ooh, I know the answer!” Differences in communication patterns “ calls out an African Ameri- are just one of the reasons that minorities Ocan middle school student. are at a disadvantage in U.S. schools and Excited about learning, enthusiastic society, where they often face additional about participating in class and eager to obstacles to their successful development, interact with his teacher, he is a seem- Steen contends. ingly model student. But in an education Added obstacles system that caters mostly to the norms of white middle class culture, teachers In general, the U.S. education system may view his behavior as representative still uses a model that works best for of something entirely different, says Sam white middle class kids, says Courtland Steen, a counselor educator at George Lee, director of the counselor education Washington University and a member of program at the University of Maryland, the American Counseling Association, president of the International Association the Association for Counselor Education for Counselling and a past president of and Supervision and the Association for ACA. “Basically, for a lot of kids of color, Specialists in Group Work. schools represent a reality that doesn’t Every culture has different commu- make sense to them or is not very relevant nication patterns, Steen explains. For to them,” he explains. “They are at a dis- instance, in African American culture, he advantage because American society, in says, “Everyone jockeys for the opportu- terms of its value system overall, is based nity to voice their opinion, and although on realities embedded in white middle it is competitive, it is not malicious.” class culture, which means inherent However, when placed in the context of privileges for white middle class people, a school classroom governed by white but not people who are not white middle middle class values, this style of com- class.” munication may be interpreted as being Some counselors point to the contin- disrespectful, Steen says, even when that ued prevalence of “tracking” as evidence is not what the student intended. that students of diverse backgrounds Norma Day-Vines, an associate profes- aren’t made to feel a part of the prevailing sor of counselor education at Virginia academic and social culture in school sys- Tech, says this “simultaneous communi- tems. “Tracking is when kids are placed cation” style is at odds with the prevailing in certain classrooms based on ability sequential communication style (in which level,” explains Julia Bryan, assistant pro- people take turns talking), often leading fessor of counselor education at the Uni- to misunderstandings both in the class- versity of Maryland. “Often you see that room and society at large. For example, it is children of color who are in the lower in mainstream America, she says, people academic tracks.” Although efforts have express dissent in a dispassionate manner. been made to address this disparity, she “But within the African American com- notes that children of color are not often munity, we tend to be animated. When in found in Advanced Placement courses in a classroom, if something comes up, the high schools. “You will see that children student may become highly animated,” of color are often encouraged to apply to she says, adding that this sometimes cre- two-year colleges rather than more selec- ates unintended conflict with the teacher. tive four-year colleges. White kids are
40 | Counseling Today | April 2009 pushed toward more selective four-year themselves and reinforced the notion that the lives of children of color, Steen says, colleges,” says Bryan, a member of ACA children can do a lot. This is the concept further hindering their developmental and ACES. behind Historically Black Colleges and opportunities in school. “You have disproportionate numbers Universities. Treating children with dig- While stressing the need to be sensitive of minority students in special educa- nity and respect is one of the qualities we to these potential struggles, Day-Vines tion and experiencing expulsion and need to return to in public education,” also reminds counselors that not every disciplinary actions,” adds Day-Vines, she says, regardless of an educator’s race. African America student will internalize a member of ACA, ACES and the As- Steen says racially, ethnically and oppression or have difficulty succeeding sociation for Multicultural Counseling culturally diverse students are at a disad- in the U.S. education system. and Development. “One thing that the vantage because they often have limited Strategies for promoting research literature suggests is that African access to positive role models in positions student development American students are more than two and of responsibility. “The role models that In the midst of this disparity, counsel- a half times more likely to have discipline students of color have in society tend to ors are well positioned to help students referrals or be expelled. They, along with be athletes, musicians,” he says. “Rarely of color overcome some of these barriers Latino students, are also more likely to be are they educators, and it is not until re- to their development. Indeed, Lee says, expelled for more ambiguous offenses.” cently that they have been politicians.” “Counselors’ role should be to help kids Day-Vines also asserts that, in general, Minority students from low-income navigate the system. I think counselors students of color aren’t being taught or backgrounds and living in urban areas have a moral imperative to knock down encouraged to believe in themselves in the struggle even more, Steen says. “The those systemic barriers. Counselors need school system. She believes this plays a research is clear that students from to be advocates for children, ensuring that major role in their comparatively low per- low-income backgrounds who live in all children are held to high standards.” formance levels as it relates to grades and neighborhoods where violence is more Steen says counselors need to be careful overall school achievement. “Prior to the rampant, where they are more likely to to help students of diverse cultures adapt civil rights movement, there wasn’t this come from single-parent households, lack to the norms of their schools and social level of low performance among African basic resources and necessities.” In addi- environments without invalidating the American students because they were of- tion, issues of homelessness and addic- cultures and social norms of minority ten taught by African American teachers,” tion, whether in their neighborhoods or children. Counselors can teach social she says. “This helped children believe in in their families, are more likely to touch norms and academic skills through
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April 2009 | Counseling Today | 41 psychoeducational groups in the the initiative throughout the school. 6. Speak an educator’s language (with classroom or hold counseling groups “One result was that teachers gained an emphasis on academic and career outside of class to help students adjust a great deal of respect for the students development). to difficulties they are having. “In both because they were able to articulate their 7. Take risks and reflect on decisions cases,” Steen says, “the ultimate goal concerns,” Day-Vines says. “Overall, made. is to empower students through the more than 75 percent of the disciplin- interactions they have with you as a ary infractions were reduced.” Although “Counselors need to take the initiative leader and with each other to work on community leaders provided most of to seize leadership to work on behalf of some of their issues and challenges and the training to students in this instance, kids,” Lee says. “Counselors have to get teach them how to overcome some of the counselors possess the expertise to per- angry — angry at the achievement gap, at barriers to prepare them to be successful form similar training initiatives, she adds. the system — and get to the point where in the classroom.” they go up to the system and say ‘enough Building relationships To genuinely effect change in how is enough’ to people in positions of power for systemic change school systems and society at large func- and public policy-making positions.” The leverage that counselors have in a tion with regard to people of diverse One important way counselors can school is gained over time, Steen advises. backgrounds, Steen and other counselor influence public policy, Lee says, is by “School counselors who are trained as ad- educators say counselors must work on gathering and presenting data that show vocates learn that they must gain allies,” a systemic level. This involves “building systemic inequities for children of color, he says, adding that counselors may not partnerships and working with stakehold- including suspension rates, academic be able to make a substantial difference ers such as parents, community leaders achievement rates and differential gradu- early on. “But over time, they establish and staff to create programs that can help ation rates. “The important thing is that credibility, show small successes, build children and families,” says Bryan, who data speak volumes,” Lee says. “Coun- relationships with teachers who have a adds that counselor education programs selors can gather data for their individual similar framework or belief system and need to provide more training to help schools, or they can collaborate across all build relationships with administrators. counselors develop advocacy and leader- schools (in a district) to show inequities.” As the years pass, they start winning the ship skills. After gathering accurate data, he says, war based on these small successes.” Steen suggests that counselors “col- counselors can present the information to Building relationships with teach- laborate with people who have those skills school administrators, superintendents, ers and administrators is helpful, Steen that they don’t have, while also taking central office staff, school board members says, because counselors are then better on a leadership role where (counselors) and their political representatives at local, positioned to advocate for institutional initiate programs or initiate task forces.” state and national levels. Lee adds that change. “Their work not only impacts the For example, counselors can work more there is power in numbers and encourages few students they see in their counseling closely with parents, who “are just wait- groups of counselors to approach policy offices, but also the school, school district makers together. ing for those invitations,” he says. Steen and community at large when working asserts that school counselors can better together with teachers and administra- Diverse approaches spend their time taking on this liaison tors,” he says. “Initially, counselors can Steen and Day-Vines previously worked role rather than limiting themselves to engage students in critical thinking together on a group counseling program one-on-one therapy with students. In the about their race, ethnicity and cultural that targeted achievement and ethnic long run, he says, more people — both backgrounds and how they fit within the identity in African American high school students and adults in the wider com- context of today’s society. Further, an em- students through the use of culturally munity — will be positively affected by phasis on strengths, skills and talents stu- relevant bibliotherapy. The two counsel- counselors assuming this expanded role. dents possess, as well as coping strategies ors assessed how the students felt about Day-Vines also emphasizes the they are aware of and those they are not themselves both before and after the importance of creating partnerships aware of, can be included in counseling group program and discovered that their between schools and communities. She interventions and programs” for students self-concept and academic concept im- points to an example in an Oakland, of color. proved after the bibliotherapy interven- Calif., high school that was experiencing Steen shares seven tips to help coun- tion, in which the students read books by a high rate of discipline problems among selors create stronger relationships with African American authors. its African American and Latino students. teachers and administrators: “Through engagement with the central Community leaders were brought into protagonist, they begin to come up with the school to train students, using focus 1. Be as flexible as possible. solutions to problems (and) coping strate- groups, to talk to their teachers about 2. Have a team-player orientation. gies,” Day-Vines says. Using bibliother- what might happen if they worked apy in this manner is “healing, because together more cohesively. During the 3. Engage in and facilitate honest and most young people (of color) have mainly schoolwide initiative, counselors worked open dialogue. been exposed to people who are white individually with students to validate 4. Model professionalism. in books,” she continues. “A conclusion — and sometimes challenge — their that a person may draw is that ‘I don’t see perspectives. Counselors also promoted 5. Negotiate and compromise. children of color succeeding academically
42 | Counseling Today | April 2009 (in books), so that is not something I can parents (in general). Listen to their side, do.’” Culturally relevant bibliotherapy listen to their viewpoints.” also allows students of color to see their Bridging the cultural gap cultures represented in healthy ways, un- Day-Vines has developed a model like the often negative depictions preva- called “broaching” to describe counselors’ lent in the news, Day-Vines says. optimum behavior when interacting with In addition to books, Dana Griffin, minority children and discussing the assistant professor of counselor education often-sensitive issues connected to race. at the University of North Carolina at “You can use broaching with children to Chapel Hill, advocates using contempo- examine the extent to which racial, ethnic rary music such as rap (provided it has a and cultural differences affect their learn- positive message) as a tool for raising the ing,” she says. “Broaching answers the self-esteem of African American children. question, ‘How do we open up to chil- Listening to the music provides a plat- dren to explore the racial impact on their form for adolescents and older children school experience?’” to discuss what it means to be black in Validation of the child’s experiences America as well as appropriate paths to with racism is important in the concept success in life, she says. “Mainly, I choose of broaching as a counselor, says Day- songs by African Americans,” says Grif- Vines, who described the broaching mod- fin, a member of ACA, ACES, AMCD el in detail in an article she cowrote for and the Counseling Association for Hu- the Journal of Counseling & Development manistic Education and Development. (“Broaching the Subjects of Race, Ethnic- “You can always find positive rap songs ity and Culture During the Counseling or singers that write about loving yourself Process,” Fall 2007). In the article, she (rather than) giving up. So I can say to and her coauthors write that “Broaching children, ‘See, here are some people who behavior refers to a consistent and ongo- are just like you who are doing well.’” ing attitude of openness with a genuine One song that Griffin likes to use with commitment by the counselor to con- girls is “Work That” by Mary J. Blige. tinually explore issues of diversity.” Day- “(Blige) talks about how African Ameri- Vines describes the sensitivity involved can girls are often judged by how they in the technique of broaching with the look but that they should keep their head following example: “The counselor may up and keep (on going). I use that to raise indicate, ‘We’re both from different eth- the self-esteem of girls.” nic backgrounds. I’m wondering how you Sometimes, the best technique to assist feel about working with a white European students is “plain talk therapy or narrative American woman on your concerns.’” therapy,” Griffin says, adding that chil- To better understand African American dren and adolescents often carry around children, Day-Vines also suggests that feelings about their experiences in school non-black counselors use “cultural infor- that are not validated by adults. Narrative mants” to indirectly bridge the cultural therapy “gives them a place to be them- gap. “You may be working with a child selves,” she says. “If a child comes to your whose culture you don’t know much office and says a teacher is racist, we need about, so you might identify an adult to validate their viewpoint, whether it is in the community who is a member of true or not.” This validation can be done that culture and get feedback and recom- during individual therapy. mendations from them,” she explains. Another way for counselors to help “Reaching out into the community is provide validation to students of color is important.” through creation of minority identity de- Another way counselors can boost the velopment groups, Griffin says. This ap- development of students from diverse proach allows students to talk about their backgrounds is to bring representatives feelings and concerns in school within a from the community who are also cultur- group of their peers. In setting up these ally diverse into the school, Day-Vines groups, Griffin suggests recruiting a few suggests. People of color who are in posi- students who are strong and outspoken tions of power or responsibility in society because they will naturally empower the are particularly good role models for other students. In addition, Griffin says, children on school career days. “Putting “I’m an advocate for always involving children in contact with resources in the
April 2009 | Counseling Today | 43 AMERICAN COUNSELING ASSOCIATION Display Pride in Your Profession!
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44 | Counseling Today | April 2009 community is important,” she says. “In- volve church, civic and social organiza- Suicide Prevention in the Schools: tions so children feel a sense of belonging and feel validated. We can’t let children Guidelines for Middle and High School internalize the oppression. Part of the Settings, Second Edition deficit paradigm in terms of interacting with poor and minority children in gen- eral is the notion of low expectations. We David Capuzzi have to place high standards on them and believe that they can achieve.” Involving ‘‘All school counselors, regardless the community is key to raising the ex- of their level of knowledge of pectations of minority children and assist- youth suicide and prevention ing them in their achievement, she adds. strategies, will gain helpful While striving to promote achieve- information that they can use ment in students of color, Griffin reminds in their setting from this infor- counselors that “even if you are working mative and engaging book.” with a minority population, you can’t —Lynn Linde, EdD treat the whole group as one. You need to Loyola College in Maryland treat everyone individually. Some things ACA President 2009–2010 may be common to the group but not common to the person in front of you. Even if it is a white student, you still treat that student differently based on vari- ables, such as where they live, their reli- In this book, David Capuzzi, a renowned expert on suicide, encourages suicide prevention in schools through the use of a gion, how much money they have, their clear and effective crisis management plan designed to identify culture and so on.” and serve at-risk youth. His concise, step-by-step framework This is an exciting era for African provides essential information for school counselors, admin- American children, Steen says, because istrators, and faculty on suicide assessment, faculty roles and they have a positive role model in a posi- responsibilities, and instructions on how to implement a build- tion of power to look to with Barack ing- or district-wide prevention program that includes faculty training and preparation of crisis teams. Obama as president. Still, there is much progress to be made. Key Features “The issues surrounding our children in aÚ Discussion of risk and protective factors schools didn’t happen overnight, so they aÚ Specific components of school- and district-wide won’t be undone overnight,” Day-Vines prevention programs says. “We want all children to thrive so aÚ Content for faculty training and preparation of crisis teams that all children have enhanced opportu- aÚ Postvention after a suicide attempt or completion aÚ Legal aspects of youth suicide prevention nities. We also need to think of this on a aÚ Parental education selfish level — we’re all at risk if we don’t aÚ Classroom lesson plans help society.” u aÚ Instructor PowerPoints for each chapter
2009 | 120 pages Order #72884 | ISBN 978-1-55620-285-8 List Price: $29.95 | ACA Member Price: $24.95
Please include $6.75 for shipping of the first book and $1.00 Jenny Christenson is a former for each additional book. staff writer for Counseling Today. AMERICAN COUNSELING ASSOCIATION Letters to the editor: {ôôãããØ{ÚíãããÚaÚb¬å¨Óv¨À¬Ð [email protected]
April 2009 | Counseling Today | 45 Serving up ethics advice with a smile Paul Fornell, ACA’s new director of ethics and professional standards, finds the humor in life even while helping counselors deal with serious issues
By Jonathan Rollins
lark Kent would famously step Kaplan says Fornell is a natural fit into a phone booth and emerge as director of ethics and professional Cas Superman. Paul Fornell standards. “We are very fortunate to have sometimes found a more modest costume someone of Paul’s caliber here at ACA,” change helpful in his line of work as a Kaplan says. “He is first and foremost counselor. When situations grew tense, a practicing counselor, so he brings an Fornell would reach into his briefcase or extensive practitioner background from desk drawer for a secret weapon — his a wide variety of settings, including clown nose. “Humor is very important in schools, colleges and private practice. my life,” he says. “If I can’t find some way He is a National Certified Counselor, to make light of a situation appropriately, Master Career Counselor and Licensed then I know I’m in big trouble.” Professional Clinical Counselor, so It might seem somewhat ironic then he draws from an extensive array of that Fornell, whose personalized license practical situations in his consultations. plate once read “GUFFAW,” is also an He is also extremely knowledgeable expert on the very serious subject of about counseling ethics and the ACA counseling ethics. In January, the 30-year Code of Ethics. Add to that the fact that counseling veteran joined the American Paul has held many ACA leadership Counseling Association as its director positions focusing on licensure and other of ethics and professional standards. professional standards issues, and you In his new position, Fornell provides have the perfect person for the position.” ACA members with free, confidential While Fornell likes nothing better than consultations. to entice a smile or laugh out of anyone “ACA’s ethics consultations are one who crosses his path, providing ethics of the most valued of all our services consultations to ACA members fulfills because they allow members to consult another one of his passions. “Helping with an experienced professional people problem solve really gets my juices counselor on the particular issue facing flowing,” he says. “I love this organization them at the moment,” explains ACA (ACA), and at this point in my career, Chief Professional Officer David Kaplan. I’m hoping that I have some wisdom and “Ethical dilemmas presented by clients, experience that I can share appropriately supervisees, students and our peers with our members.” have different twists that can be quite Kaplan acknowledges that Fornell’s complicated. It is therefore helpful to broad-based experience, along with his be able to sort through the options with natural desire and ability to relate to an expert. Even if the scenario is pretty others, made him an appealing choice cut-and-dried, it is helpful to receive to head up ethics and professional confirmation that we are going in the standards at ACA. “When members call right direction and doing the right Paul, they will be talking to someone thing.” who understands their world and has
46 | Counseling Today | April 2009 the extensive experience and knowledge of his 30-year counseling career in “No matter how professionally skilled necessary to assist them with whatever college counseling centers, including the you are, you’re human, and ethical ethics, licensure or other professional last decade in the career development situations will naturally arise for all standards need they may have,” Kaplan center at California State University, counselors. How often does an otherwise says. Long Beach. He has also been a private bright, competent counselor screw up Fornell joined ACA (then the American practitioner and worked as a counselor at because of a blind spot? We’ve all got Personnel and Guidance Association) an all-Navajo school. them, even the greatest therapists in the in 1980 and is a life member. Among In his new position at ACA, Fornell world.” other leadership positions, he has served typically handles 10 to 15 calls per day Any counselor questioning his or her as president of the American College from members seeking consultation decision making or handling of specific Counseling Association, the New about ethical dilemmas or professional situations should “stop the chatter in your Mexico Counseling Association and the standards issues. All too often, these skull,” Fornell says, and call ACA for California Counseling Association. He free consultation. “If you even have the counselors are already in “crisis mode” by was integral in getting the counselor thought,” he says, “pick up the phone. the time they call, and while Fornell is licensure law passed in New Mexico (he It doesn’t matter. What’s the worst that invested in helping them as best he can, holds the second Clinical Mental Health can happen? Almost 100 percent of he emphasizes that ACA members should Counselor license ever issued in that the time, it’s a good thing you called. state) and has worked as a counselor in not view the consultation services only If you’re smart enough to pick up the diverse settings ranging from rural New as a last-ditch option. There is no shame, phone and ask for help, that’s a sign of Mexico to inner city Chicago. Fornell Fornell says, in counselors admitting strength. You’re being the consummate began his career as a special education that they don’t have all the answers and professional.” teacher, during which time he realized seeking help as part of regular practice. When ACA members contact he could have a more substantial impact The real danger comes when counselors him, Fornell says, they can expect working with people one-on-one. He sequester themselves and rely solely on the consultation to be “peer-to-peer, decided to pursue a degree in counseling their own perspective, he says. practitioner-to-practitioner — a only after engaging in the therapy “Every day offers a challenge if you’re true collaborative effort.” While he process himself as a client (he believes a professional counselor, particularly if provides his professional opinion on the this is a beneficial step for all counselors you’re working alone in private practice appropriate behavior to follow in each to take). Fornell has spent the majority or as a solo school counselor,” he says. individual situation based on the ACA
April 2009 | Counseling Today | 47 Code of Ethics, one of Fornell’s main goals is to get each caller to consider a single question: What is your next step going to be? Counseling Strategies “Ethics should flow naturally from your education, your training and your professional experience,” Fornell says. “If for Loss and Grief you know what your values are and apply Keren M. Humphrey those values consistently, that’s 90 percent of it. I also believe that continuing “Keren Humphrey has given mental education and being a member (of your health professionals a complete guide professional associations) should be part for working with diverse clients of your everyday ethics.” experiencing grief in a variety of forms. Perhaps nothing shields counselors This book is well written, easy to from the kryptonite of potential ethical understand, and is an excellent tool entanglements, however, quite like for beginning counselors or seasoned dropping the “I can do it all on my own” professionals.” superhero façade. “Half of the (ethics) —Elizabeth A. Doughty, PhD calls I receive would never be made if counselors were required to have lifelong Idaho State University consultation or a lifelong mentor,” Fornell says. “Professional competence Based on contemporary understandings of the really comes from reminding ourselves nature of personal and interpersonal loss and the every day, ‘I don’t know everything.’ ways in which people integrate loss and grief into When you graduate with your counseling their lives, this innovative book focuses on tailoring degree, it is not the end of your effective interventions to the uniqueness of the education; it is only the beginning.” griever’s experience. In Part 1, Dr. Humphrey discusses For Fornell, that education has a variety of death- and non-death-related loss and included learning that laughter really can grief experiences, offers conceptualization guidelines, be the best medicine and that, in certain situations, donning a clown nose may be outlines selected psychosocial factors, and describes just as powerful as attempting to fit into intervention based on two contemporary grief models. Superman’s cape. Part 2 provides detailed therapeutic strategies organized “We rarely succeed at anything,” according to focus or theoretical origins along with Fornell says, “unless we’re having fun suggestions for implementation and customization to doing it.” u client uniqueness. Specific chapters include cognitive– behavioral and constructivist strategies, emotion-focused strategies, narrative therapy, solution-focused therapy, ACA members can call and adjunctive activities. The final chapter focuses on 800.347.6647 ext. 314 or counselor roles and recommended professional and e-mail [email protected] «iÀÃ>Ê«À>VÌViðÊÓääÊUÊÊÓÈäÊ«}à to receive free consultation as part of their member "À`iÀÊÇÓnnÇÊUÊ- ÊÇn£xxÈÓäÓ{È ÃÌÊ*ÀVi\Êf{n°xÊUÊACA Member Price: $35.95 benefits.
Please include $6.75 for shipping of the first book and $1.00 for each additional book.
American Counseling Association 800-422-2648 x222 Jonathan Rollins is the editor-in- counseling.org chief of Counseling Today. Contact him at [email protected].
48 | Counseling Today | April 2009 family hero
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April 2009 | Counseling Today | 49 Reader Viewpoint - By Robert DePaolo
Strategies for restoring energy in depressed clients
his article attempts to provide (including humans) orchestrate mind and A third factor is uncertainty or entropy a concise, integrative view of body according to a specific sequence. — a state during which answers and solu- Tdepression by weaving together The first step in the sequence involves tions can’t be found and where stagnation elements of psychology, biology and, in the the buildup and conservation of energy in experiences, relationships and self- broadest sense, human nature. It is based resources — a process typically referred assessment produces noise, requiring clari- on the principle that, despite the complex- to as the anabolic phase. In the second fication and stimulus renewal. ity of the human mind and the personal- phase, energy is expended in the execution Given these three components, it is pos- ity, we are the result of mammalian and, of what we would hope to be adaptive, sible to discuss a concise set of methods for particularly, primate evolution, and some problem-solving behaviors. This is called providing short-term relief to depressed of our emotional habits and tolerances can the catabolic phase. At the risk of wax- clients. be inferred from traits we share with other ing “cosmic,” all organisms (and energy 1. Conserve energy through a relax- organisms, especially with regard to how systems) in nature function according to ation of goals, behaviors and percep- we conserve and expend energy. this principle. For example, mammals are tions. This involves turning the zoom lens Few would argue the anatomical simi- known for their “hunt and sleep” lifestyles. down a bit in a minimization phase by larities. For example, the hands, feet and That is because all systems, including the encouraging depressed clients to rest and brain structure of a human are unques- personality, seek homeostasis, and the rest- temporarily abandon futuristic thought tionably similar to, if not derived from, activation sequence provides that. Unfor- and behavior. The support of the counsel- the basic primate mind-body template. Yet tunately, many depressed clients blur this or is crucial at this stage because the client others might not be comfortable discuss- distinction because they have rigid person- might resist the idea of taking a “psychic ing human personality in this way. In any alities, perfectionist tendencies, compul- hiatus,” equating rest with failure or ir- case, it raises a question: Can clinicians sions or a penchant for expending energy responsibility. Furthermore, depression is learn anything about psychopathology in an internal rather than external fashion. often accompanied by anxiety, which can from the fundamental forces of nature? As all clinicians are aware, non-fluidity foment tension-driven activity. Still, the Conceivably, we can, particularly as it per- between activity and rest can implode into benefits of taking this step are consider- tains to factors responsible for the onset of depression. Yet it’s not just that energy is able. By espousing that the client revert to clinical depression. lacking. While behavioral hopelessness (the an anabolic state, the counselor can not While most clinicians are familiar with notion that one’s behavior doesn’t matter) only help to reset the psychobiological various methods for working with de- inhibits overt behavior, it doesn’t necessar- gauge, but also take pressure off the client, pressed clients, I would like to propose a ily inhibit unproductive, internal mental who is, in effect, given permission to with- rationale and prescription for a brief but activity. As a result, a negative cycle is set draw for a while. focused treatment strategy that might in motion: Behavioral suppression begets 2. Inform significant people in the prove beneficial to both therapist and cli- internal expenditure of energy, which person’s environment. Family members ent. As an initial premise, consider that depletes resources that might otherwise and other influential people in the client’s while depression can take many forms, be used to facilitate overt problem-solving life should be informed by the client and, including endogenous, situational, chronic behaviors. That behavioral impoverish- if confidentiality issues are not prohibitive, and episodic (or overlapping with other ment results in unmet needs and enhances by the counselor, that rest is a prerequisite syndromes), it has constant features from the depression. for energy restoration, and their support which a brief treatment approach can A second feature of depressive episodes should be solicited. This is important be derived. Before outlining a treatment is non-extenuation. Whether defined in because even a temporary abandonment strategy, it might be helpful to offer a terms of inadequate neurotransmission, of goals and social investment can lead to few general statements about depression hopeless ideation, nihilistic fantasies or be- negative social consequences, regardless of in a psychobiological context that could havioral stagnation, depressed clients lack a how “natural” this rest period might be. pertain whether the etiology is neuro- capacity for experiential persistence. When 3. Prompt new self-assessments by the chemical, environmental or, as is often the an extension of experience is involved — client. In light of the client’s newfound case, some combination of both. whether it be thinking about the future, willingness to “shut it down,” a broader, It would appear that most episodes of setting long-term goals or simply sustain- more flexible and tolerant sense of self can depression involve three elements. First, ing attention to a complicated task — it begin to emerge and should be encouraged there is a disruption of the anabolic/ tends to produce overload and deepen the by the counselor. This process gives rise to catabolic cycle. To clarify, all organisms client’s depression. new information about the self, which can
50 | Counseling Today | April 2009 ameliorate the client’s uncertainty and also realign the rest-activity cycle, further help- ing the client avoid psychic fatigue (anhe- donia, psychasthenia) in the future. 4. Wait for the client to become rest- Becoming a Counselor: less and hungry for stimuli. At some The Light, the Bright, and the Serious, point in the counseling process, the therapist will recognize that the client Second Edition has entered a catabolic phase and needs to express energy, set goals and so forth. The counselor can then help the client set Samuel T. Gladding small, reachable goals that are not so diffi- cult or egosyntonic that failure would lead Through the use of to emotional duress. 5. Set more substantive goals. This memorable and often hu- step involves prompting behaviors that are morous autobiographical likely to secure social and/or material rein- vignettes, Dr. Gladding forcers. Depression is linked to neurologi- shares his experiences cal transmission deficiencies. Positive re- as one of the field’s most inforcement tends to create links between beloved and respected neurons and nerve branches, and is in itself a good “conductor” of brain activity and leaders. His personal extenuator of experience. In other words, experiences reflect univer- positive reinforcement can be a reasonably sal themes in becoming a effective substitute or adjunct to mood- helping professional, and enhancing medications. both novice and seasoned 6. Further reduce the client’s entropy or uncertainty. This step involves the counselors will benefit counselor not only supporting a more from his knowledge, skill, expansive rest-activation psychological and the wisdom drawn from more than 30 years in metabolism for the client but also encour- the profession. aging his/her pursuit of new experiences through reasonable risk taking and a more flexible, resilient self-definition. Topics addressed include personal growth; finding These reenergizing strategies are not what works and learning from failure; basic skills intended to minimize the importance of and counseling processes; creativity in counseling; social experiences such as trauma, relation- multicultural and spiritual considerations; the influ- ship problems or deep-seated feelings of ences of colleagues, friends, and family; working helplessness that should also be grist for the mill in counseling. However, these with groups and families; professional development; strategies can prove useful in delving leadership; and termination. Each section of the deeply into the psychobiological roots of book contains “Points to Ponder” to facilitate class- human nature and addressing the problem room discussion and personal reflection. of energy depletion in depressed clients. u Published by the ACA Foundation Robert DePaolo is a Licensed 2009 | 336 pgs Clinical Mental Health Counselor Order #72886 | ISBN 978-1-55620-281-0 working in private practice and providing clinical assessments, List Price: $24.95 | ACA Member Price: $19.95 consultation, training and counseling services for schools Please include $6.75 for shipping of the first book and agencies in the state of and $1.00 for each additional book. New Hampshire. Contact him at [email protected]. AMERICAN COUNSELING ASSOCIATION Letters to the editor: {ôôãããØ{ÚíãããÚaÚb¬å¨Óv¨À¬Ð [email protected]
April 2009 | Counseling Today | 51 Grad students: Prepare to write! Winners attest that ACA Foundation essay contest has impacted their careers, outlook on counseling
n preparing the topics for this first place in the 2006 essay contest. our profession through some of the year’s graduate student essay “I was in the thick of formulating challenges ahead.” Icontest, ACA Foundation my thoughts and ideas about the Terri Lonowski, the immediate past Chair Courtland C. Lee and the profession,” Averback notes. “It was chair of the ACA Foundation, agreed ACA Foundation Board of Trustees so validating to have a variety of with Lee that graduate students who considered the hundreds of students experienced readers value my words as take the time to enter the contest who have entered the contest important to the field. Winning also are perhaps more aware of their throughout its dozen-year history and helped pay for my graduate school role in the future of the counseling even asked some recent winners how program! I now work for RAMS profession. “They see themselves as their participation had influenced the (Richmond Area Multi Services), a active participants, not simply cogs in course of their education and careers San Francisco nonprofit organization, the wheel,” she said. in counseling. providing behavioral health This year, graduate students in While only the student authors of counseling in a school-based wellness counseling programs and related fields the top five essays receive valuable center. I very much incorporate are asked to submit a single essay prizes, including a cash award, what I wrote about — normalizing of 750 words or less on one of the complimentary ACA membership and mental health problems/services — following topics: publication of their winning essay, into my work with teenagers and n Do you think there is an advantage each of the more than 100 entries am also writing a chapter in a book to counselor education programs received annually is read by at least regarding school-based mental health one judge on the national panel. “So services that is being considered for having students focus on a many of the entries are obviously publication. So, not only am I getting particular theoretical framework, full of careful thought and concern to practice the subject I wrote about, or should counselor education about the direction of the counseling I am getting to write more about the promote a more wide-ranging profession,” Lee said. “There are many practice.” and eclectic approach in training great ideas in these essays that are Catherine Hock described her counselors? going to move us forward, and we can experience in winning last year’s essay n Given how our country’s only recognize a few of them.” contest: “I am very glad I took the demographics have changed in “The experiences of some of our opportunity to write the essay for a variety of ways in recent years, most recent winners can tell the many reasons. The publicity from the do you think that the counseling stories of many others who, while they publication opened doors for me in profession has taken adequate steps didn’t achieve the top awards, took my future counseling career. Not only to meet the needs of this nation’s the time to really think about one is it a line on my vita, but I am able changing population? If yes, in aspect of the counseling field and how to highlight the award in cover letters what ways have counselors or they fit into it,” Lee observed. Since for job applications. In addition, I counseling changed? If no, what the inception of the essay contest, the was contacted by a doctoral school needs to be done? ACA Foundation has offered graduate and invited to apply to their world- students the opportunity to expand renowned program in counseling. A national panel of counseling on what they are learning in the Most important, taking the time professionals will review all essays, classroom and to share their own ideas to learn about the issues facing the and the first-place winner will receive in one area of counseling or counselor counseling profession in the next a grant of $500. That winner, along education. “By voicing these thoughts decade challenged me to confront with four runners-up, will receive one before our panel of readers and then and think critically about an issue year of paid ACA membership. All five to our Counseling Today audience, they that has become very important to winning essays will be published in the help shape the conversation about the me. Because of the work I did on that August issue of Counseling Today. future of our profession,” Lee said. essay, I will remain a strong advocate Complete contest rules are available Shana Averback was in the middle for the counseling profession for many at counseling.org/ACAFContest. The of her graduate studies when she won years. I look forward to helping move deadline for entry is May 1. u
52 | Counseling Today | April 2009 April 2009 | Counseling Today | 53 Evans elected ACA president
archeta Evans has been well as ACA’s ability to attract superior elected to serve as the individuals who wish to serve. MAmerican Counseling More than 2,600 votes were cast in this Association’s 59th president. She has year’s election for ACA president-elect. served as a volunteer leader at the state, Evans will begin her term as president- region, division and national levels and elect on July 1, 2009, and will assume has been dedicated to the profession and the role of ACA president on July 1, the ACA organization for a number of 2010, for a one-year term. She is the 27th years. woman and the fourth African American In addition to Evans, this year’s field to be elected to the office. included the following candidates: Evans is the department chair and an Bradley Erford, A. Michael Hutchins associate professor at the University of ACA and Michael Lazarchick. ACA leaders Texas at San Antonio. She is the immedi- and members appreciate those who ate past president of the Association for President-Elect were willing to run for office this year. Creativity in Counseling, past chair of the * Marcheta P. Evans The commitment of each of the four ACA Southern Region and has served on Michael C. Lazarchick candidates to run demonstrates their a number of committees at both the state A. Michael Hutchins desire to improve the profession as and national levels. Bradley T. Erford FY 2009 Election Results AACE Trustee ACES * Victoria White Kress President-Elect Angie Waliski President-Elect * Joshua C. Watson Tarrell Awe Agahe Portman * Deryl F. Bailey Governing Council ACCA Representative Secretary-Elect * Bradley T. Erford President-Elect * Robin Wilbourn Lee F. Robert Wilson * Brian Van Brunt Jelane A. Kennedy Treasurer Julia Y. Porter * Savita Abrahams ALGBTIC Treasurer Member-at-Large for Awards * Cynthia Bing President-Elect * Susan Eaves Janelle C. Johnson Edward P. Cannon Andrew M. Burck * Michael P. Chaney Member-at-Large Governing Council AADA Ed Derr Representative * Monica Kintigh Colleen M. Connolly President-Elect Janice Taylor Heard * Joy S. Whitman * Jane E. Rheineck Trustee Treasurer ACEG Stacee Reicherzer * Patricia Goodspeed Grant * Michael D. Brubaker President-Elect Member-at-Large Cindy L. Anderton * Pamela E. Monk * Donald D. Hill Tammy B. Bringaze Radha J. Horton-Parker Board of Directors John W. Stine AMCD ACC * Linda Parker President-Elect President-Elect *Elizabeth (Beth) Foley * Edil Torres Rivera * Heather C. Trepal *Laura Goodson S. Kent Butler
54 | Counseling Today | April 2009 Governing Council ASGW NECA Representative * Cirecie West-Olatunji President-Elect President-Elect Janet WindWalker Jones * Michael Tlanusta Garrett * Soonhoon L. Ahn Bogusia J. Molina Midwest Region Treasurer Representative Treasurer * Lisa Fulton * Carmen F. Salazar * Karen Bibbins Governing Council Western Region C-AHEAD Representative Representative * Kay Brawley * Rosemarie Woodruff President-Elect Board of Trustees * Michael Walsh NAR Region Representative Gwendolyn Pringle * Lynn Haley Banez *Tom Ayala CSJ * Kimberly Key ARCA President-Elect Western Region * Judy A. Daniels President-Elect Manivong J. Ratts Governing Council * Frank J. Lane Governing Council Representative Chair, Council on Development Representative * Joseph D. Dear & Collaboration * Hugh C. Crethar * Michelle P. Pointer Treasurer Council on Research * Carlos P. Hipolito-Delgado & Knowledge Shannon D. Smith * Joseph E. Keferl Community Representative Shannon Dermer ASERVIC * Tiffany Hawkins Gunnells President-Elect Counselor Representative * Jennifer R. Curry * Kim Snow
Governing Council IAAOC Representative * E.H. Mike Robinson III President-Elect Board of Directors * Juleen K. Buser * William Franklin Evans Secretary * Tyson Hamilton Kuch * Pamela S. Lassiter * Linda A. Robertson John M. Laux * Elected to serve
After 37 years as a staff member at the American Counseling Association, Jean Gaskins announced her retirement at the end of January. She returned to ACA headquarters in February for a lunch thrown in her honor. In addition to her many friends and coworkers at ACA, she was joined at the lunch by her daughters Rochelle Pinkhard and Linda Moore and son-in-law Larry Moore.
April 2009 | Counseling Today | 55 CSCOR Perspective - By Lonnie Rowell and John Carey Action research, outcome research and evidence-based school counseling practice
or school counseling to advance Both action research and outcome re- work (or not work) in their local context. as a profession, decisions about search generate knowledge that can help Outcome research will not, however, Fpractice must be based on strong improve effectiveness and move school provide much help to school counselors evidence. The profession needs to em- counseling toward evidence-based prac- who must decide what needs to be done brace activities and approaches that en- tice. Outcome research is intended to test in their schools or who need to determine able practitioners to ground their profes- whether a specific practice, intervention whether (or demonstrate that) something sional decisions in a strong evidence base. or program reliably results in important they have done had its intended effect. There is great value in the evidence ac- benefits to clients. To arrive at the answer, It is through action research that school cumulated through personal professional large amounts of data must be gathered counselors can generate this useful local experience. Developing the habits of from different contexts using research knowledge for program improvement and reflective practice can enhance the qual- designs that can generate strong infer- accountability. The strengths of action ity of professional experience by ensuring ences about the existence of a predictable research lie in the fit between the research that systematic attention is paid to the relationship between an intervention and methodology and real-world conditions outcomes that can generally be expected process of abstracting knowledge from of practice, the short gestation period to occur across a wide range of contexts. raw experience. Yet, reflective practice between conducting an action research Outcome research tells us what is likely alone is not the complete answer. Reflec- project and applying the findings to to work generally. Because of the need to tive practice needs to be complemented practice, and consciousness-raising about gather data from large numbers of stu- by more formal and systematic methods both practitioner empowerment and the dents across a range of different schools of generating knowledge and weighing relationship of local knowledge produc- using rigorous data collection techniques evidence. and strong research designs (for example, tion and improved local practice. With a Action research and outcome research with randomly assigned control groups), minimum of training and support, any are two such systematic methods that school counseling practitioners are un- school counselor can design and conduct have sometimes been portrayed as anti- likely to actually conduct outcome re- a small-scale action research project that thetical because of the different episte- search projects. produces useful local data and improves mological assumptions in which each is Some school counseling practitioners communication with school staffs regard- grounded. We see the value of both “local will need to collaborate with university- ing the school counselor’s work. Action knowledge” and “generalized knowledge” based researchers on the large outcome research is not intended to result in gen- in school counseling practices, so we view research projects needed to generate this eralized knowledge. Rather, school coun- the two approaches as being complemen- generalized knowledge on effective prac- selors can conduct action research to gen- tary. To determine how each can be used tices. And all school counselors need to erate local knowledge about the problems to improve school counseling practice, it be able to access, read and evaluate the that need to be addressed in their school is important to understand the differences outcome research literature to make in- and whether something they did proved and advantages of each approach. formed decisions about what is likely to effective in addressing those problems.
56 | Counseling Today | April 2009 Action research is very flexible and can seling profession needs to harness the students need to learn research methods be utilized with a wide variety of program strengths of both approaches to move to- in the context of their profession’s re- settings and conditions of practice. Indi- ward evidence-based practice. All school search base. vidual practitioners, a group of counsel- counselors should know how to conduct We also believe that experiential learn- ors, or counselors working in partnership action research and how to access, evalu- ing and problem-based learning are the with graduate students and counselor ate and apply the outcome research lit- most effective means of teaching school educators can conduct these projects. The erature to improve practice. Furthermore, counseling students about research action research cycle can be utilized to all school counselors should know how to methods and the relationships between address an isolated element of a school use the generalized knowledge obtained different methods of knowledge produc- counselor’s practice or incorporated from outcome research in the framing tion and evidence-based practice. We also into efforts at larger-scale programmatic and formulation of local action research think experiential learning and problem- change, such as implementing compre- projects. School counselor educators based learning are the most effective ways hensive programs. In addition, engage- ought to know how to conduct large-scale to prepare these students to incorporate ment in localized, small-scale research outcome research studies, lead collabora- research into their work as counselors. In projects can lead both to immediate ap- tive action research teams, teach trainees future columns, we will explore the spe- plication of research findings to practice to evaluate and apply the outcome re- cific issues and practices related to effec- as well as to productive, ongoing dialogue search literature to improve practice and tive preparation of school counselors for regarding critical issues in school counsel- teach trainees to conduct action research evidence-based practice. u ing and best practices in the field. projects. An additional strength of action re- At our home institutions, we are in- search is the consciousness-raising that volved through our respective centers occurs through the research process. Ac- in improving school counseling practice Lonnie Rowell (lrowell@sandiego. tion research helps school counselors see through the advancement of outcome edu) is director of the Center for the link between gathering data about and action research. We are also involved Student Support Systems at the their programs and making informed in developing new ways to prepare school University of San Diego. John Carey decisions to improve their programs. counseling students to use outcome and ([email protected]) is director Because of its reiterative nature, action action research in practice. Most school of the National Center for School research also can help school counselors counselor training programs require a Counseling Outcome Research at develop a continuous improvement ori- course in general research or evaluation the University of Massachusetts, entation that reinforces maintaining high methods. Often this course is “farmed Amherst. standards of practice. out” to the research methods program. Letters to the editor: Outcome research and action research We do not think this is good practice. [email protected] are complementary. The school coun- Instead, we believe that school counseling
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April 2009 | Counseling Today | 57 division, region & Branch News
Association style guidelines. Narratives of 1974 and creation of the National Ad- should be 1,000 to 1,500 words. Authors visory Committee on Career Education will receive an electronic acknowledg- were important elements in implement- ment when their narrative is received. All ing this priority. Hoyt was an inspiring submissions will be reviewed, and authors teacher, adviser, mentor, advocate and role will receive a decision by Aug. 1. Stories model. NCDA and AACE are pleased to ACES collecting stories about will be published on the ACES website support this memorial fund. social justice in counseling and may be compiled into an ACES Individuals wishing to remember Hoyt Submitted by Anneliese A. Singh bound publication at a later date (in this and help ensure that his legacy lives on [email protected] case, publication permission will be se- through the annual Career Education The Association for Counselor Edu- cured at a later date). Practitioner Award are encouraged to cation and Supervision Social Justice E-mail narratives by the deadline of contribute to the Ken Hoyt Memorial and Human Rights Committee has June 1 to editors Anneliese A. Singh Fund. NCDA is an IRS-approved announced a call for submissions for ([email protected]) and Michael P. Chaney 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization. As personal narratives about experiences of ([email protected]). such, contributions to this fund may be social justice work in counseling. tax deductible. An honor roll of con- NCDA to administer The purpose of this project is to col- tributors will be housed on the NCDA Ken Hoyt Memorial Fund lect counselors’ narratives of social justice website, provided to the family and pre- Submitted by Deneen Pennington work in action. This collection will serve sented as appropriate in other forms. The [email protected] as a resource for counselor educators, cli- contributed amount from each individual Friends and family of Ken Hoyt have nicians, supervisors and students who are will not be made public. interested in counselors’ advocacy in ac- established a memorial fund to provide tion. Narratives might consist of (but are recognition and a monetary award to NECA to recognize employment not limited to) the following topics: a career education practitioner or practi- innovator at symposium n Social justice work in which you cur- tioners who exemplify the career educa- Submitted by Kay Brawley rently participate as a counselor tion concepts and practices that Hoyt [email protected] championed throughout his life. The Both local TV channels in Charlotte, n Personal experiences of how you have National Career Development Association N.C. — Time Warner (14) and Action been affected by counselor advocacy will hold the fund in trust for this pur- News (9) — have accepted an invitation n Engaging in specific activities as a pose. NCDA, together with the American to cover the recipient of the National counselor advocate Association for Career Education, will Employment Counseling Association’s n Experiencing advocacy personally and establish the selection criteria, solicit nom- Outstanding Local Practitioner Award, professionally inations and select the recipient(s) of the being presented to Charlotte employ- n Advocating for clients from historically award, which will be presented annually at ment innovator Astrid Chirinos at the marginalized backgrounds the NCDA summer conference. NECA Awards Brunch/Social Justice Hoyt, one of the great and influential Symposium. NECA’s awardee will also n Successes and challenges as a counselor leaders of the guidance and counseling be featured in the “On the Move” section advocate profession, led the effort to make career of Today’s Charlotte Woman magazine. n Negotiating oppressive systems as a education an integral part of the educa- Astrid, along with NECA leadership, counselor advocate tional program for students at all levels. was also scheduled to be interviewed on n Managing advocacy identity develop- Often referred to as the “father” of the ca- “Charlotte Talks with Mike Collins” on ment as a counselor reer education movement, he emphasized 90.7 FM and to be the subject of feature n Having “aha” moments in counselor the importance of work as a major factor articles in the Charlotte Observer and advocacy — coming to terms with in human growth and development. He the Latino community news of Norsan awareness around social justice advoca- worked diligently as a counselor educator Media. cy in counseling at the University of Iowa and later as pres- Among the comments NECA has re- ident of the American Counseling Asso- ceived from leaders in the Charlotte com- n Supporting community-building lo- ciation and NCDA. His career then took munity: “Thanks for letting me know cally, nationally and/or internationally him to the University of Maryland, where about Astrid receiving the NECA Award. as a counselor advocate he strengthened his national visibility and There is no one more qualified to receive n Attending to multiple identities and was offered the position of associate com- it. We’re delighted that Astrid is being issues of privilege and oppression missioner for career education by then recognized for her good works.” Interested authors should write in the Commissioner of Education Sid Marland. Astrid is founder of Diverso Global first person and focus on the experiential, Hoyt’s convincing rationale for using Strategies, which helps national corpora- practical and personal aspects of their career education as a major tool in U.S. tions with their multicultural marketing stories. Using Microsoft Word, authors education reform, the legislative author- and workforce development strategy should submit narratives electronically ity of the Career Education section of the services — essential skills for employment according to American Psychological Elementary and Secondary Amendments in today’s uncertain world. Astrid will
58 | Counseling Today | April 2009 address the audience on “Multicultural Our website also includes a section nual Conference on Nov. 8-9, 2008. Solutions for the 21st-Century Work- where practitioners can advertise their The Learning Institute was revitalizing, place,” a timely topic for national/local specialties. If you are an ACC member stimulating and deeply effective. We began corporations and associations. NECA is and would like to post your information, as acquaintances and ended the two days also honored to have Tom Flynn, eco- we would be happy to include your name deeply connected by significantly mean- nomic director for the city of Charlotte, in our growing list of innovative prac- ingful shared experiences. join in Astrid’s recognition at the awards titioners. We hope our website can be a Our facilitators, John and Nicola Kurk, brunch and social justice symposium on conduit for members to connect with one certified shadow work trainers, had an March 20. another. exceptional level of expertise and profes- A professional Latina woman living The Journal of Creativity in Mental sionalism. Beyond their impressive level of in Charlotte, Astrid has faced cultural Health, published by the Taylor & Francis knowledge, they were sensitive, genuine barriers throughout her lifetime in the Group, is another venue used to bring and attentive to each participant as we ex- workplace but looks for solutions to turn ACC members cutting-edge, innovative perienced shadow work. We were in good those barriers into opportunities. She’s the practice and research. We are currently hands, and the shared level of trust was perfect choice to discuss how to survive seeking manuscripts that describe cre- unique and very special. They began with the economic meltdown and navigate the ative, innovative methods used in coun- an introduction to the four “archetypes” rough seas of employment through her seling practice or counselor education, developed by Carl Jung, the Swiss psychia- multicultural solutions venture. Astrid’s particularly if they advance inclusive, trist and founder of analytic psychology. story, which ranges from immigration growth-fostering connections and rela- We learned about the qualities and charac- to successful acculturation, will be a key tionships. We especially seek manuscripts teristics of The Magician (Sage), The Sov- lead-in to the expertise of the NECA pre- that conceptualize client cases from a ereign, The Warrior and The Lover. senters on the Social Justice/Employment developmental, relational, contextual or The Magician (Sage) energy gives us the Institute. wellness perspective. If you are interested ability to generate options with objectiv- The Institute will continue with presen- in submitting a manuscript for review, ity, to look at given perspectives without tations by Robert Chope, Michael Lazar- visit our website for instructions or con- judgment and to step out of the situation chick, Sue Pressman, Carolyn Greer, An- tact me at [email protected]. and see the possibilities available. The Sov- drew Helwig, Carol Taylor and Kimberly Additionally, we look forward to hear- ereign energy helps us take responsibility ing from members who would like to Key. The theme of alleviating injustice and leadership roles. The Warrior energy participate in various committees and and oppression for all people is timely, is our power and accomplishment through organizational efforts. If you are interest- particularly for employment counselors establishing boundaries. The Lover energy ed in becoming involved in ACC, please working with those who are marginalized keeps us connected with what we want to contact us at creativecounselor.org. due to employment issues. be connected with in our life. Again, we are grateful for the support The goal is for all four archetypes to ACC revamps website and participation of our members and be in balance. Our task was to examine with new look, information look forward to working with you on specific areas of our lives and challenge the ACC-related projects. It has been a plea- Submitted by Thelma Duffey possible lack of balance. sure to hear from so many of you, and we [email protected] The 50th Annual EB-ACA Fall Confer- look forward to having you join us as we What an exciting time this is for the ence will be held in Weiskirchen, Ger- move forward in our work with ACC. Association for Creativity in Counseling! many, from Nov. 5-8. Visit the EB-ACA At the time of this writing, we are gearing EB-ACA presents Learning website at online-infos.de/eb-aca/main.htm up for the ACA Conference in Charlotte, Institute on shadow work or eb-aca.org for updates and proposal N.C. This is sure to be a memorable expe- Submitted by Frankie Nielsen forms. The deadline for proposal submis- rience for all! [email protected] sions is May 1. For further information, Additionally, we are excited to an- The Learning Institute “Shadow Work: contact 2009 EB-ACA Conference Chair nounce our new website and invite you to Re-energize Your Life Now” was held Susan Stammerjohan at sassysusanna61@ visit us at aca-acc.org. In addition to a new at the European Branch of ACA An- yahoo.com. u face, our website contains new features and up-to-date information on ACC- related news, including: n 2009 grant recipients n 2009 award recipients n A message board for members n Networking and job posting opportunities n A listing of clinical practices for members Past presidents of the Pennsylvania Counseling Association posed with current PCA President n Journal highlights Don Strano (front row, fourth from left) and ACA President Colleen Logan (left of Strano) at n Updates on our research on relational the organization’s 40th annual conference. The conference theme was “Exploring Our Roots competencies as Professional Counselors.”
April 2009 | Counseling Today | 59 Your Investment + Our Commitment = Your MEMBER BENEFITS AND SERVICES!
In your career as a counseling (post-degree for licensure or certifica- Expand your connections — Networking professional, you touch thousands of tion renewal credit) designed to help v As an ACA member, you have lives every day. You help people with you fulfill your ethical responsibility to access to numerous networking oppor- personal, social, educational and career stay current in the field. concerns. You help them make decisions, tunities and a wide range of resources v ACA’s monthly magazine, Counseling solve problems, and adjust to change. guaranteed to keep you in the loop Today; quarterly journal of counseling Membership in ACA can help you do research and practical articles, Jour- professionally. it all. At every stage of your career – v student to seasoned professional – ACA nal of Counseling & Development; The ACA Annual Conference & will help you be your very best. biweekly e-news bulletin, ACAe- Exposition is the biggest networking News plus four new special focus opportunity of the year for approxi- Maximize your potential — e-newsletters; website, counseling.org, mately 3,000 counseling profession- Research Center and Online Library Professional Development als. Meet colleagues from around the of resources are all designed to expand v ACA offers FREE ethics consulta- your knowledge, increase your skills world and in your hometown! Rub tion FIVE days a week with a 72-hour and provide you with up-to-date infor- elbows with well-known authors— inquiry response time by Licensed mation on the counseling profession. whose books you had to read in Professional Counselors with a college—as well as successful practitio- PERSONAL TOUCH. Make an impact on the counseling ners and ACA leaders. v ACA Career Services not only care of tomorrow and your job provides information about careers v ACA interest networks and listservs in counseling, but it also gives you today — Advocacy link you to your area of interest or access to specially-selected counseling v As an ACA member, you’re part of specialty. jobs through our alliance with Career a powerful force. A highly effective v Division and Branch memberships Builder. advocate for counseling, ACA leads the provide an opportunity to be more v Private Practice Resources - ACA legislative charge on every contempo- offers a variety of books and online rary issue facing the profession. ACA closely connected with your colleagues courses specific to private practice. provides the latest information on working in your specific interest and v The ACA Insurance Trust (ACAIT) legislation that directly affects you and practice areas, and in your state. promotes and administers quality those who you serve, as well as updates insurance and services at competitive on funding and program support at Wait, there’s more — Discounts rates. Your livelihood is protected with the national and state levels. v Members receive exclusive discounts ACA’s professional liability policy. v The ACA Government Relations on all ACA resources and services, v The ACA Foundation, the phil- listserv provides you with free up-to- anthropic arm of the association, date alerts on new legislation affect- as well as discounts from outside supports counselors through the ing the counseling profession at the organizations. Counselors Care Fund, Foundation national and state level. v ACA has created partnerships with publications and programs such as industry leaders in insurance, credit, Growing Happy and Confident Kids, Proud to be a counseling profes- travel, identity theft and much more! and grants and competitions offering sional — Credibility awards as well as financial assistance to Membership in ACA saves you v Name recognition: To be recognized ACA members. time and money; provides you with as an ACA member brings a wealth of professional development and continuing Stay Ahead of the Learning prestige and credibility. education opportunities; helps protect Curve — Education v By stating you are a member of ACA your future through legislative and public v The ACA Annual Conference & Ex- on your business and marketing policy advocacy; provides prestige and position is an annual event featuring a materials assures those you serve that treasure trove of programs that provide you are committed to the counseling credibility; and increases your personal continuing education and ensure your profession, and that you adhere to the network. Your endorsement is the life-long learning. ACA Code of Ethics. best way to introduce other counseling v ACA Online Learning provides v Put your membership on display with professionals to the resources essential in professional development courses a frameable membership certificate. advancing their success.
60 | Counseling Today | April 2009 CT-MembershipForm_April:Layout 1 3/6/09 11:48 AM Page 1
ACA IsWhere You Belong… Join Us Today!
[ 1. ] MEMBER REFERRAL NAME______MEMBER No.______Source Code COMPCT08 Full Name______M.I. ______Last Name ______(e.g., “Robert” not “Bob”)
Mailing Address ______City______State/Province ______Zip______Country ______Organization ______Work Phone ( ) ______Home Phone ( ) ______Cell No. ( ) ______E-mail______Fax ( ) ______.
[ 2. ] Select Your ACA Membership [ 4. ] Total of Membership Dues (Add total amounts from steps 2 and 3) [ ] $155 Professional: Individuals who hold a master’s degree or higher in Want to avoid dues increases, save on postage, and reduce paperwork? counseling or a closely related field from a college or university Join now for 2 years at the current rate(s) by simply doubling the current dues. accredited by the Council for Higher Education Accreditation. Proof of academic credentials may be requested. ACA Membership - 1 year $______[ ] $155 Regular: Individuals whose interests and activities are consistent with those of ACA, but who are not qualified for Professional membership. ACA Membership - 2 years $______
[ ] $89 New Professional: Individuals who have graduated with a masters or Voluntary Contribution(s) (Check fund(s) from #3) $______a doctorate within the past 12 months. Status is good for one year. Please indicate date of graduation (month/year) ____/____ and institution ______. TOTAL AMOUNT REMITTED (add all items above) $______
[ ] $89 *Student: Individuals who are enrolled at least half-time in a Membership in ACA means that you will abide by ACA’s bylaws and other governing college or university program. *Please select current student status: documents and are qualified for the membership category selected. By becoming an ACA [ ] Master’s Level [ ] Doctoral Level [ ] Other member, you are agreeing to be subject to the rules, regulations, and enforcement of the terms of Please indicate anticipated date of graduation (month/year) the ACA Code of Ethics (available to you at counseling.org/ethics) that can include appropriate ____/____ and institution______sanctions up to suspension or expulsion from ACA and public notice about any such action. ______.
[ 3. ] Make A Voluntary Contribution (Tax Deductible) There shall be no discrimination against any individual on the basis of ethnic group, race, Optional, but a great way to support the profession! religion, gender, sexual orientation, age, and/or disability. [ ] ACA Foundation $______[ ] David K. Brooks Jr. Distinguished Mentor Award $______[ ] Human Concerns Fund $______[ ] Legal Defense Fund $______[ ] Professional Advocacy Fund $______[ ] Gilbert & Kathleen Wrenn Award $______
[ 5. ] Payment Method Three-month Payment Option Plan Total amount enclosed or to be charged $______[ ] I elect to pay in 3 equal monthly installments (only available for payment by credit or debit card). A $2 processing fee will be charged on both the 2nd & 3rd installments. [ ] Check or money order, payable to ACA in U.S. funds, enclosed. Total amount to be charged (divide total amount by 3) = $______[ ] VISA [ ] MasterCard [ ] American Express [ ] Discover [ ] VISA [ ] MasterCard [ ] American Express [ ] Discover
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April 2009 | Counseling Today | 61 Bulletin board
Coming events NJCA Annual Conference Keynote speaker Ted Remley will discuss April 26-29 issues related to the ethical considerations NOSCA National Conference Somerset, N.J. regarding admissions testing. For more April 3-5 Join your colleagues for the New information, go to theaaceonline.com. Pro- Las Vegas Jersey Counseling Association’s annual gram proposals are now being accepted. Join the National Office for School conference, held at the Doubletree Hotel Counselor Advocacy of the College Board ACES National Conference & Executive Meeting Center. For more and other school counseling professionals Oct. 14-18 information, visit njcounseling.org. and educators to get a national perspec- San Diego tive on the impact school counselors can MACD Spring Conference The biennial conference of the Associa- have on equity in education and educa- May 1 tion for Counselor Education and Super- tion reform in the 21st century. For more Columbia, Md. vision will focus on the theme “Transfor- information, visit professionals.college The Maryland Association for mative Actions: Expanding Social Respect board.com/prof-dev/events/nosca. Counseling and Development and Johns and Relational Consciousness.” Keynote Hopkins University are sponsoring a Fairfield University speaker Dana L. Comstock will argue conference on “Domestic Violence: Counseling Education for “The Expanding Role of Counselor Clinical and Community Interventions.” Spring Lecture Series Educators in Dismantling ‘Rankism.’” For more information, contact Elizabeth April 4 & 25 Preconference workshops and the tradi- Nyang at [email protected]. Fairfield, Conn. tional preconference Women’s Retreat The Fairfield University Department 25th Anniversary School will also be held. For more information, of Counseling Education is sponsoring Counselor Update contact conference coordinator Leah “Connections and Conversations: The June 14-18 Brew at [email protected]. Counselor Education Series for Human Winona, Minn. Services Professionals,” a lecture and full- This one-of-a-kind program for school fyi day workshop series. All participants can counselors’ personal and professional Call for submissions earn up to six continuing education units. renewal, held at Winona State University, The Louisiana Journal of Counseling On April 4, Mary Hermann, a law- will feature plenty of time to learn about invites manuscript submissions for its yer and counselor educator at Virginia best school counseling practice. The event 2009 edition. Research and practice- Commonwealth University and coeditor includes a workshop on “Promoting based submissions related to the field of of a book on legal and ethical issues in Positive Culture Change: Student counseling will be considered for blind school counseling, will address “Legal and Achievement and a Sense of Community” peer review. Please submit an electronic Ethical Issues in Counseling.” On April as well as presentations on “The Healing copy to Peter Emerson at pemerson@ 25, Sam Gladding, chair and professor in Power of Your Story” and “Choice Theory selu.edu. Questions should be directed the Department of Counseling at Wake and Restitution.” Earn two semester-hour to either Emerson or coeditor Meredith Forest University, closes the series with graduate credits or 35 hours of CEUs. Nelson at [email protected]. “Using the Creative Arts in Counseling.” For additional information, call For more information or to register, 800.242.8978 ext. 5337 or e-mail Tim The Association for Lesbian, Gay, contact Kim Baer at [email protected]. Hatfield [email protected] . Bisexual and Transgender Issues in edu or call 203.254.4000 ext. 2140. AACE National Assessment Counseling invites submissions for the ADARA Biennial Conference and Research Annual Conference next special issue of The Journal of LGBT April 15-19 Sept. 11-12 Issues in Counseling, which will focus San Antonio Norfolk, Va. on LGBT issues and the military. The The American Deafness and Rehabili- The Association for Assessment in deadline for submissions is June 30. tation Association will hold its biennial Counseling and Education brings to- The journal’s intent is to publish conference with the theme “Harnessing gether professionals who have a special articles relevant to working with sexual the Future.” The conference will feature interest in diagnosis, test use, evaluation minorities that will be of interest to three tracks: rehabilitation counseling, and outcome research. Our mission is counselors, counselor educators and mental health counseling and indepen- to promote understanding of counseling other counseling-related professionals. dent living. For more information, visit outcome research, diagnosis and the pro- For detailed submission guidelines, ADARA.org or contact Doug Dittfurth at fessional use of counseling, psychological contact editor Ned Farley at nfarley@ [email protected]. tests and educational assessment tools. antiochseattle.edu. u
62 | Counseling Today | April 2009 u Classified Ads: Categories include Calendar; Merchandise & Services; Of- fice Space for Rent; Business Opportuni- ties; Educational Programs; Books; Call for Programs/Papers; and others upon Classifieds request. Rates: Standard in-column format: $9 EXPEDITE GROUP/PROGRESS per line based on 30 characters per line. Five-line minimum ($45). $8 per line for Calendar NOTES WITH “CTIS LITE” advertisers pre-paying for six months. SOFTWARE No cancellations or refunds. Professional Development Enter at-large information simul- u Employment Classified Ads: Cat- Workshops – Europe Summer 2009 taneously for all group participants. egories include Positions Available and Eliminate redundant typing and copy/ Adlerian Training Institute will again Positions Wanted. Ads are listed as: In- paste, while maintaining flexibility to ternational, National by State, then by offer Summer Study & Travel workshops individualize. Collaborate on patients. Employer. for counselors. July 21 -24 - Dublin, Only $899 for 5 users. No ongoing fees. Ireland “Counseling for Personal, u Rates: Standard in-column format: www.behavioralehr.com 888-450-0702 Spiritual and Relational Growth” $10 per line based on 30 characters per ext. 813 line. Ten-line ($100) minimum. and, July 27-30 Leiden, Netherlands “Resiliency based interventions INCREASE YOUR PRACTICE u ACA Members: If you are seeking a w/ learning & behavior problems: position you may place a 45-word ad for Lead workshops and seminars in $10. This is a one-time insertion only. Transcending traditional practice”. For brochure Email: adleriantraining@aol. your community to attract clients. u Deadlines: Vary per issue. Contact com or go to www.adleriantraining.com Complete manuals and CDs.www. Kathy Maguire at 607.662.4451 or workshopleadertraining.com [email protected] for further details. Merchandise/ MARKET YOUR PRACTICE FREE! Services u Direct all copy or inquiries to Relationship 911 is the revolutionary Kathy Maguire via e-mail at THERAPIST…PROVEN SYSTEM new website for people experiencing [email protected]. relationship difficulties. Post your profile Phone: 607.662.4451 WILL INCREASE YOUR CASH FLOW. in our “Find a Professional” section & the Fax: 607.662.4415 “And improve the lives of children major search engines. Promote yourself u Ads are subject to Counseling Today along the way.”Steady monthly income. thru our “Events Calendar” and “Ask approval; however, Counseling Today Proven market appeal. Covered by health The Experts” forum...All Free! www. cannot screen or evaluate all products or insurance. Motivated clientele. Flexible relationship911.com/promote_practice. services advertised in the classified sec- hours and mobile program. We supply aspx (800) 717-0881 or email at mark@ tion and does not guarantee their value materials and training. Love working or authenticity. The publication of an relationship911.com advertisement in Counseling Today is in with children and making a difference? no way an endorsement by ACA of the Call to discuss this opportunity with LICENSURE EXAM REVIEW advertiser or the products or services an organization that has successfully advertised. Advertisers may not incorpo- implemented this innovative system. Call NCE & NCMHCE Exam Prep rate in subsequent advertising or promo- Janie Root @ 702-646-3297 - - Camp Review. Multiple choice questions, tion the fact that a product or service has MakeBelieve Kids. mnemonics. Exam Tips, online and been advertised in any ACA publication. interactive Check out our FREE ACA endorses equal opportunity prac- tices and will not knowingly accept ads LET US DO YOUR NEWSLETTER SAMPLER!! [email protected] www. that discriminate on the basis of race, FOR YOU! CounselingExam.com sex, religion, national origin, sexual ori- entation, disability or age. Unique, guaranteed service used and CRAZED BY CLIENT BILLING? loved by other counselors to grow their u Visit www.ShrinkRapt.com today and Counseling Today reserves the right practice! www.NewslettersForTherapists. to edit all copy, request additional docu- learn more about ShrinkRapt™ the top com (866) 200-6945. mentation where indicated and to refuse selling billing and insurance program for ads that are not in consonance with these mental health practitioners. Easy to use! practices. ACA is not responsible for any THE FAMILY & MARRIAGE Order today and receive a FREE Email claims made in advertisements nor for COUNSELING DIRECTORY the specific position title or working of & FREE Backup Module! Limited time any particular position listed in employ- Get referrals from one of the top offer! Request a fully functional Demo ment classified ads. ranked family & marriage counseling Package at www.ShrinkRapt.com or sites on the web. http://family-marriage- by calling Saner Software Inc counseling.com (630) 513-5599
April 2009 | Counseling Today | 63 DISSERTATION COMPLETION Street, Benson, AZ 85602 or fax to (520) and local laws prohibiting employment CONSULTING 586-6978. Seabhs has been designed as discrimination on the basis of race, color, a health care shortage area and employees national origin, gender, age, disability, Individualized program assists with all may be eligible for up-to $50,000 student and status as a veteran, but also strongly aspects of dissertation and thesis writing. loan forgiveness. encouraging candidates of diversity to By phone, by FAX, by e-mail, or in apply. person. Call “toll free” 1-(888) 463-6999 or [email protected] CALIFORNIA MISSISSIPPI SIMPSON UNIVERSITY Office Space Program Director for Master of Arts in DELTA STATE UNIVERSITY Counseling Psychology Two Positions Simpson University is seeking a full- Assistant/Associate Professor of VIRGINIA time Program Director for a new M.A. Counselor Education - Tenure track Full-time and part-time office space in Counseling Psychology program (Two positions available) Starting date available in townhouse community of which is scheduled to begin Fall 2009 is Fall 2009. Responsibilities: Teach, independent mental health professionals. (pending accreditation approval). The supervise clinical experiences, and advise Prime location in Fairfax, Va. Furnished emphasis of this program will be on students in a Master’s level CACREP and partially furnished office with desk, marriage and family therapy. The accredited community and school files, and storage. Cost includes phone, Program Director will be responsible for counseling program. Qualifications: fax, utilities, cleaning, computer access, the vision, implementation and oversight Doctorate in Counseling or Counselor wifi, and great camaraderie. Further info: of this new graduate program. Principal Education; emphasis and work experience Carol Hawker (703)385-7575x20 or duties include hiring and supervising in school or community/clinical mental (703) 282-5911. personnel for the program; development health counseling preferred; graduate of and oversight of curriculum; teaching; CACREP accredited program preferred; participation in student recruitment NCC certification; evidence of successful EMPLOYMENT and marketing efforts; and community teaching experience and clinical relations. The position is a twelve-month competence; eligible for licensure as an appointment. LPC in the State of Mississippi. Review ARIZONA Applicants must have a graduate degree of applications will begin immediately, related to counseling psychology or and continue until the position is filled. SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA marriage and family therapy (doctorate Send a cover letter explaining professional BEHAVIORAL HEALTH preferred). Previous teaching and education, experience, and suitability for administrative experience is required. SERVICES, INC. the position; curriculum vitae; unofficial Academic administrative experience is transcript(s); samples of publications; SEABHS, Inc. offers a variety of desired. Review of applications will begin and names and full contact information opportunities related to new program March 1, 2009. Applicants must be able for three (3) references. Electronic initiatives, best practices and community to demonstrate a commitment to their submissions are strongly encouraged. capacity building. Bilingual (Spanish) Christian faith and share the goals and Phone inquiries are welcomed, please ability highly valued, Arizona Board of values of Simpson University. Women contact Dr. Scott Hutchens (662)846- Behavioral Health Examiners License and and individuals from ethnically diverse 4355. Applications should be mailed working knowledge of family-centered backgrounds are encouraged to apply. to Office of Human Resources, Delta therapy preferred. Clinical positions Applicants should submit a letter of State University, Kent Wyatt Hall 247, available throughout southeastern interest, curriculum vita, application, Cleveland, MS 38733 or emailed to Arizona including Nogales, Benson, three letters of reference, and a brief [email protected]. Sierra Vista, Bisbee, Willcox, Safford, essay regarding the relationship between Douglas and Clifton for MA, MSW, LPC Christianity and counseling to Dr. MONTANA & LISAC. SEABHS offers a rewarding Brandy Liebscher at bliebscher@ work experience, flexible schedule and simpsonuniversity.edu. Electronic copies provides employer paid health, dental, preferred. CHRYSALIS SCHOOL vision, life, short- & long-term disability Additional contact information: Opening for Psychotherapist insurance and 401(k) matching plan. Dr. Brandy Liebscher Chrysalis School has an opening for 23 days of PTO first year, 12 days Psychology Department Chair a Therapist. Chrysalis is a therapeutic, reserved sick leave accrual and paid 2211 College View Dr. home based residential setting for holidays for full-time and pro-rated Redding, CA 96003 adolescent girls ages 13 to 18. We’re for part time employees. Send resumes Simpson University, a private Christian located in beautiful northwest to [email protected] or mail to institution, values a diverse workplace Montana. Outstanding recreational Southeastern Arizona Behavioral Health by seeking not only to comply in all activities abound in this region and Services, HR Dept., 611 W. Union personnel decisions with federal, state are incorporated into the Chrysalis
64 | Counseling Today | April 2009 American Counseling Association student members enrolled in a master’s degree program are now covered with professional liability insurance!*
The American Counseling Association (ACA) while performing counseling services (e.g. practicum and is now providing eligible ACA student internship) related to such curriculum. members with professional liability Coverage Features: (“malpractice”) insurance. ■ Professional Liability Coverage – Eligible ACA student members are protected up to $1,000,000 for each claim, Recognizing that all Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP) up to $3,000,000 annual aggregate subject to a master and many non-CACREP Programs require students to have policy aggregate professional liability insurance, ACA, through an agreement ■ Legal Defense and investigative costs - If eligible ACA with Healthcare Providers Service Organization (HPSO) and student members are named in a malpractice lawsuit, its underwriter, American Casualty Company of Reading an experienced malpractice attorney will be provided, if Pennsylvania, a CNA company, is providing eligible ACA necessary. Legal expenses incurred to settle covered claims student members with professional liability insurance will be paid - WIN or LOSE. This is in addition to the coverage as an additional value-added benefit of membership. limits of liability. Registered ACA student members are eligible for coverage when they are enrolled and engaged in a master’s degree If you have any questions, please call ACA counseling curriculum at a post secondary institution. Member Services toll free at 1-800-347-6647, Coverage is available to ACA student members solely ext. 222 or 703-823-9800, ext. 222.
*ACA Students who wish to continue insurance through HPSO after graduation or who become a licensed, certified or accredited professional, please apply online at www.hpso.com. This program is underwritten by American Casualty Company of Reading, Pennsylvania, a CNA company and is offered through the Healthcare Providers Service Organization Purchasing Group. All products and services may not be available in all states and may be subject to change without notice. This information is for illustrative purposes only and is not a contract. It is intended to provide a general overview of the products and services offered. Only the policy can provide the actual terms, coverages, amounts, conditions and exclusions. CNA is a service mark and trade name registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
April 2009 | Counseling Today | 65 program including hiking skiing and 605/677-5250 (http://www.usd.edu/ed), SOUTH DAKOTA snowboarding, rock climbing, white TDD 605/677-6389. The University of water rafting, kayaking, and horseback South Dakota is an Equal Opportunity/ riding.This is a full-time, salaried THE UNIVERSITY OF position. It requires flexibility in terms SOUTH DAKOTA Affirmative Action Employer committed of scheduling to see that students’ Assistant/Associate Professor to increasing the diversity of its faculty, emotional growth, crisis management of Counselor Education staff, administration, and students. and family therapy happen as needed. Assistant/Associate Professor of Duties include: Provide individual, group Counselor Education in the Division of and family therapy to Chrysalis students; Counseling and Psychology in Education Write quarterly reports to document (Tenure Track). Primary responsibilities student progress throughout their stay at for this exemplary counselor educator Chrysalis; Maintain regular contact with are teaching master’s and doctoral level parents and much more... counseling courses and contributing Qualifications: Effectively provide to the overall success of the Counselor therapy and crisis intervention services, Education Program and the Division. An excellent written and verbal skills, ability earned doctorate in Counselor Education to work as a team member, recreational- from a CACREP approved program related and adventure therapy skills or and evidence of accomplishments interest. Ability to remain in control or strong potential for success in during crisis situations, maintain a research, publications, grant writing, professional demeanor and professional service are required. at all times. Experience and Training: Applicants must have a completed M.S.W. or Master’s Degree in psychology doctorate by September 1, 2009. or counseling with either licensure or Further information is available online the ability to be licensed as a Social at https://yourfuture.sdbor.edu. Posting Worker or CPC in the State of Montana. Number 0002055. Inquiries welcome Experience working with adolescents in to Dr. Hee-sook Choi, Chair, Division residential settings preferred. of CPE, ([email protected]),
66 | Counseling Today | April 2009 CON-CT409:CON-CT409 2/26/09 10:10 AM Page 1
The American Counseling Association and Healthcare Providers Service Organization have teamed up again and now provide a new benefit of ACA membership: New ACA Member Benefit! 10% Discount1 on Professional Liability Insurance Rates for ACA Members!
HPSO provides the ONLY official professional liability insurance program endorsed for ACA members, and HPSO continues to be a valuable partner in supporting ACA and promoting the counseling profession.
HPSO protects your interests first and foremost. For more information or to apply, visit www.hpso.com/acasaves
1Discount is offered effective 3/20/09. Active ACA Members who are current HPSO policyholders will have the discount applied at policy renewal. Minimum premium for a Professional Counselor is $100. This program is underwritten by American Casualty Company of Reading, Pennsylvania, a CNA company and is offered through the Healthcare Providers Service Organization Purchasing Group. All products and services may not be available in all states and may be subject to change without notice. This information is for illustrative purposes only and is not a contract. It is intended to provide a general overview of the products and services offered. Only the policy can provide the actual terms, coverages, amounts, conditions and exclusions. CNA is a service mark and trade name registered with the US. Patent and Trademark Office. Healthcare Providers Service Organization is a registered trade name of Affinity Insurance Services, Inc.; in CA (License #0795465), MN & OK, AIS Affinity Insurance Agency, Inc.; and in NY, AIS Affinity Insurance Agency. ©2009 Affinity Insurance Services, Inc. CON-CT409 THE FIRST STEP IN YOUR CAREER AS A COUNSELOR IS TAKING THE LICENSING EXAM
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