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The Federalist Era Lesson 2 Early Challenges

ESSENTIAL QUESTION Term to Know impressment seizing people against their will and Why does conflict develop? forcing them to serve in the military or other public service GUIDING QUESTIONS 1. What challenges on the frontier did the new government face? 2. Why did Washington want to remain neutral in foreign conflicts?

Where in the world?

Northwest Territory Present-day state boundaries upe ke S rio La r S P A N N I W E S M i L H s a s k is S s n e i a L p H p g i O i u R h iv r c U e Wisconsin o r i

n

M I o S Ontari e ake

I k

A L a

N L A Michigan

rie e E Lak

Illinois Indiana Ohio

r ve Ri o Ohi

When did it happen?

1790 1792 1794 1796 1798 1800

DOPA (Discovering our Past - American History) RESG Chapter 7

Map Title: Map of the Northwest is granted to reproduce for classroom use. Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission Territory File Name: C7_RESG_L1_01A.ai 1794 Jay’s Treaty 1796 Washington’s Size: 39p6 wide x 29p0 Farewell Address Date/Proof: March 11, 2010 - 4th Proof 1793 Britain and 2016 Font Update: February 20, 2015 France go to war 1795 Pinckney’s Treaty

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The Federalist Era

Lesson 2 Early Challenges, Continued

Trouble in the New Nation The new government faced many problems. In western Identifying Pennsylvania farmers opposed a tax on whiskey. In 1794, an 1. What three European armed mob attacked tax collectors. They burned down buildings. countries were This armed protest was called the Whiskey Rebellion. It worried involved in American government leaders. President Washington and his advisers affairs? decided to crush the protest using the army. This sent a message to people: the government would use force when necessary to maintain, or keep, order. In the Northwest Territory, Native Americans tried to stop American settlers from moving west. Washington signed treaties with the Native Americans. He did not want the Native Americans Evaluating to be influenced by Great Britain or Spain. American settlers ignored the treaties. They moved into lands promised to the 2. Underline the Native Americans. Fighting broke out. Washington sent General sentence that Arthur St. Clair to restore order, but St. Clair was defeated in 1791. describes the message the government sent Britain and France wanted to bring the United States into their by crushing the own conflicts. The British were afraid that the United States Whiskey Rebellion. would help France. They asked Native Americans to attack Do you think the American settlements west of the Appalachian Mountains.

message was Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use. Washington sent an army under General Anthony Wayne. The effective? army defeated the Native Americans at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794. The Native Americans signed the Treaty of Greenville. They agreed to give up most of the land in what is now Ohio. Reading CONFLICTS Check Where? Who? What happened? 3. How did settlers moving west react to Western Farmers and Whiskey Rebellion crushed the treaties signed by Pennsylvania others by Washington Native Americans? Northwest Gen. Arthur St. U.S. troops defeated by Territory Clair Native Americans

West of British Asked Native Americans Appalachian to attack American settlers mountains Ohio Gen. Anthony Defeated Native Wayne Americans at the Battle of Fallen Timbers; Native Americans signed Treaty of Greenville

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The Federalist Era

Lesson 2 Early Challenges, Continued

Problems with Europe Vocabulary Britain and France went to war in 1793. Some Americans sided 4. What was with France and others supported Britain. Washington hoped that impressment? the United States could stay neutral. Neutral means not taking sides in a conflict.

The French tried to get American volunteers to attack British ships. In response, President Washington issued a Proclamation of Neutrality. It declared that American citizens could not fight in Determining the war. It also stopped French and British warships from using Cause and American ports. The British captured American ships that traded Effect with the French. They forced the American crews into the British navy. This practice was called impressment. It angered the 5. What was the result of Americans. Pinckney’s Treaty? Washington sent John Jay to work out a peaceful solution with Britain. Jay proposed a treaty. In Jay’s Treaty, the British would agree to leave American soil. But the treaty did not deal with the problems of impressment. It also did not deal with the British Reading interfering with American trade. Jay’s Treaty was unpopular, but Check the Senate approved it. Spanish leaders feared that the United States and Great Britain 6. What did the would work together against them in North America. Thomas Proclamation of Pinckney went to Spain to settle the differences between the Neutrality do? United States and Spain. In 1795 he proposed a treaty that said Americans could travel on the Mississippi River. Pinckney’s Treaty also gave Americans the right to trade at New Orleans.

Jay’s Treaty Pinckney’s Treaty • British agreed to leave • Between Spain and American soil the U.S. • Did not deal with • Gave Americans right impressment to travel the Mississippi • Did not deal with British River interfering with American • Gave Americans right to trade trade at New Orleans • Unpopular

Washington decided to retire and not run for a third term as president. In his last speech, he warned the country not to get Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use. Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission involved in foreign problems. He also warned against creating political parties.

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The Federalist Era

Lesson 2 Early Challenges, Continued

Glue Foldable here Check for Understanding

List four challenges faced by the new government within the United States. 7. Place a two-tab Foldable along 1. the dotted line to cover Check for 2. Understanding. Write the title Challenges on 3. the anchor tab. Label the tabs—Conflicts in 4. U.S. and Foreign Conflicts. Use both List the two treaties that the United States signed with sides of the tabs to foreign countries to resolve conflicts. record what you recall 1. about each and write facts about who was 2. involved and what happened. Use the Foldable to help

answer Check for Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use. Understanding.

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