Society for California Archaeology NEWSLETTER

Volume 28 Number 5 September 1994 rr=-- Mt. Shasta Now On The National Register Of Historic Places An Update by Winfield Henn, Shasta~Trinity National Forest l ------Editor's. note: On August 30th, Jerry Rogers, Keeper of higher than any other mountain. But in making it the National Register of Historic Places, conducted a tour he turned his wrist and could not finish the peak as of Moun~ Shasta and then met in Mount Shasta city with he had planned. That is the reason that Mole still local residents and Native Americans. According to a has a broken wrist." recent article in the Los Angeles Times (September 7) , he promised to take public comment for another 60 days. Many others examples could be given. Mt. Shasta is also important to the Wintu, Pit River, and other In March of this year, the keeper of the National Reg­ Indian tribes as a geographic referent from which isterister of Historic Places in Washington, D.C., their tribal territories are described. Even more c!etermined that Mt. Shasta is eligible for the importa ntly. however, Mt. Shasta is a place where National Register. The Keeper's decision is not with­ I:1dians have convened for at least several genera­ tions to hold ceremonies. These gatherings are ongo­ out considerable controversy. For the past several years, various Federal agencies, the State Historic ing, involving several tribes, and occur at various Preservation Office, Native Americans. attorneys, places on and in the vicinity of the mountain (Theo­ and many others have been engaged in a lengthy dis­ doratus and Evans 199 I ). cussion concerning the mountain's historical sig- Given Mt. Shasta's importance in Native American ~icance. I would like to briefly summalize how this history aI?-d c1:11ture, ~hy was there such controversy W'_:..ountain became eligible for the National Register, surroundmg its National Register status? Let me and suggest several implications for the archaeology ?riefly su~ma~e . how the Forest Service first got profession in California. mvolved with this issue. In the late 1970s, an ava­ lanche destroyed one of the chairlifts at a ski resort Mt. Shasta rises over 14,000 feet above sea level and on the southwest side of the mountain. Following can be seen over most of northern California. Such the avalanche, studies began to locate a more favor­ peaks often figure prominently in Indian life, an d Mt. able location for skiing on the mountain. Those Shasta is no exception. Among the Wintu, Shasta, studies included archaeological surveys and contacts Pit River, Modoc and other Indian tribes, Mt. with Native Americans. Almost no physical eVidence Shasta's importance is severalfold. First. the moun­ of ~ative American use was found at the higher ele­ tain is a place of considerable cosmological impor­ vations on the mountain in areas planned for ski tance. For instance, in one Shasta Indian myth, development. While the Forest Service was aware of "Coyote and the Flood," Coyote rushes to the top of Native American con­ Mt. Shasta to avoid a temporary u se of the flood. He is followed mountain, including there by all the other where the ski develop­ animals. Once the ment was planned, the •. flood recedes . a State Historic Pres - . swampy land is ervation Office was exposed where they all informed in 1988 that go to live (Dixon no archaeological sites 1910:36). A Wintu ; could be located in the myth. "Mole arid area planned for devel­ Mount Shasta," is opment, and therefore recorded as follows n o National Register (Du Bois and Deme­ properties would be tracopoulou 1931 :395): affected. In 1990 however, the SHPO, at A-tole wanted to build the request of the Cal­ ~~unt Shasta. He ifornia Indian Legal wanted to make it (See page 3) Mount Shasta SCA Executive Board 1994-95 President's Message by Julia G. Costello President - Julia Costello I am pleased to report that the SCA appears to bl"' Foothill Resources, Ltd. running smoothly this summer. The Southen P. 0. Box 288 (October 1, UCLA) and Northern (October 22, Sac ramento State) Data Sharing meetings are beinb Mokelurnne Hill. CA 95245 planned by their respective Vice-Presidents. If you w/h (209) 286-1182, FAX (209) 286-1794 want to give a presentation give them a call to get on the program. If you haven't attended one of these Immediate Past President - John Johnson before, make an effort to go. They are informal, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History informative, and enjoyable. The SCA Board is hold­ 2559 Puesta del Sol Road ing its summer meeting at UCLA the day before (Sep­ Santa Barbara, CA 93105 tember 30) the Southern Data Sharing . If you want w: (805) 682-4711 Ext. 306, to present some issue to us, give me a call. FAX (805) 569-3170 h: (805) 964-8559 The only major Society change to report is that Vale­ President Elect - Mary Maniery rie Levulett has decided to let go of the editorship of the SCA Newsletter. She has been ably putting PAR Environmental Services, Inc. together all of our Society's news, 6 times a year, P.O. Box 160756 since the end of 1990. Four years of exemplary ser­ Sacramento, CA 95816-0756 vice. If you are interested in having your hand on w: (916) 739-8356, FAX (916) 739-0626 the pulse of the SCA. are a nitpicking copy reader. h: (916) 456-6818 and enjoy cajoling people to make contributions and meet deadlines. call Valerie to talk about the full job Southern Vice-Pres - Michael Sampson description. Department of Parks & Recreation 8885 Rio San Diego Dr., Ste 270 In the last issue you received a listing of the names San Diego, CA 92108 and addresses of our current membership. If you spot errors in this, please call the business office and w: (619) 220-5323, FAX (619) 298-6241 leave a message. We intend to print this list every h: (619) 283-5960 year in the July issue, and so suggestions for improvements are appreciated. Northern Vice-President -Jerry Johnson Department of Anthropology In this issue, we are featuring information on loc;; California State University organizations in the state which are involved in 6000 J 1Street archaeology. These include avocationals, students. Sacramento, CA 95819 -6 106 and professionals who are bringing archaeology into w: (916) 278-6572, h: (916) 663-2571 the community. Look the list over and see if there is a group near you which you might want to join, or assist in a project, or to which you could present a Secretary -Kathleen L. Hull talk on your current research, or contribute a short Dames & Moore article for thetr newsletter. 60 Declaration Dr., Ste B Chico, CA 95926 This type of outreach is vital. Our professional lit­ w: (916) 893-9675, FAX (916) 893-9682 erature :is currently full of editorials and articles h: (916) 894-8169 admonishing us to give our information back to the public. Reasons are numerous and persuasive: the Treasurer - Constance Cameron public pays for much archaeological work through Museum of Anthropology tax dollars; an informed constituency will support California State University cultural resource preservation and legislation; and .' we have a responsibility to synthesize and interpret Fullerton, CA 92634 our data. w: (714) 773-3977, mess (714) 773-3626 h: (310) 696-6133, FAX (714) 87 1-5345 I would like to suggest another reason for popular­ izing the past: that it is fun. Archaeological SCA Business Office - Kathleen Long research is much like a good mystery story with frag­ Department of Anthropology mentary clues. conflicting accounts. and engaging California State U:piversity characters. By exchanging our scientist's hat for Fullerton, CA 92634 that of sleuth, recounting the thrill of the chase can (714) 256-0332 become a refreshing change from programmed (Con tinued on page 4)

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 2 September 1994 Quality Act. This new twist has raised the ire of Mount Shasta many of the property owners on Mt. Shasta. as well as local governments such as Siskiyou County. none (Continued from page 1) of whom were contacted by the Keeper of the National Register when the enlarged area was deter­ !tvices. raised the issue of mountain's importance mined to be eligible (the Forest Service's original pro­ Native Americans, suggesting that the Forest Ser- posal for 8.000 feet and above included virtu ally no ce had not fully identified Indian values that might private land). Several private inltiatives have devel­ make the mountain eligible for the National Register. oped to either take the historic property off the The Forest SeIVice agreed to further study that National Register, or at least eliminate private land issue, and subse-quently hired Dorothea Theodorat­ from within its boundary. usand Nancy Evans to pursue the question through interviews with Native Americans. Another issue raised by this controversy is a pro­ fessional one. Mt. Shasta was determined eligible In September of 1991. Theodoratus and Evans sub­ for the Register in the complete absence of any mitted their findings to the Shasta-Trinity National "archaeological" evidence. National Register direc­ Forests. Their research. along with other studies by tion. even for traditional cultural properties. is clear the Forest Service (Henn 1991). revealed that Mt. that only tangible places are eligible for the Register Shasta's Native American history and contemporary (Parker and King 1990). Given the background of use were more detailed than previously known. With many. if not most. of the archaeologists working in this new information available, it was possible to the field today, how can we hope to identify such better address the mountain's National Register places? Clearly. there will need to be greater col­ status, using guidance provided by National Register laboration between archaeologists. ethnographers. Bulletins such as Parker and King's "Guidelines for historians and others. What is the best discipline to Evaluating and Documenting Traditional Cultu ral undertake the study of traditional cultural prop­ Properties (1990). Bulletin 16A ("How to Complete erties? Given the importance of documentary evi­ the National Register Form") and 16B ("How to Com­ dence in these National Register studies. perhaps plete the National Register Multiple Property Doc­ the skills of ethnohistorians should be considered. umentation Form"). Following consultations with Their speciality is the history of non-industrial soci­ the SHPO. and after considerable public involve­ eties (Brown 1992). As Fenton (1978) has stated, ment. it was concluded that almost the entire moun­ neither prehistorians nor ethnologists are well tain was a National Register "multiple property trained to use documentary materials critically. and area." Within this area of abou t 150,000 acres, two it ls the special skills of the ethnohistorian that can .,... .,ecific National Register properties were identified, fully interpret tribal life from such sources. ie including all of the mountain above 8,000 feet !enn 1993). One other professional concern needs to be addressed. Throughout the controversy concerning These findings. however. did not sit well with some Mt. Shasta's historic significance, there has been the of the public. including some Native Americans. It issue of who is right? Leslie White, many years ago, was their position that the entire mountain was eli­ phrased it as follows, "who is right to judge in sci­ gible for the National Register as a traditional cul­ entific matters, the scientist or the folk?" (White tural prope1iy. On their behalf, through provisions 1947). The question was later rekindled by Marvin in 36 CFR 800, the Advisory Council on Historic Harris in his important work, The Rise of Anthropo­ Presexvation requested that the Forest SeIVice for­ logical Theory (1968) as the difference between mally consult with the Keeper of the National Reg­ "etics" and "emics" ... the scientific view versus the ister to resolve the disagreement. This brings us full native view. In the case of Mt. Shasta, both SHPO circle to the Keeper's recent decision. and the Forest Service (the "etic" viewpoint) dis­ tinquished particular places of importance on the The decision spawned several new issues. Of par­ mountain, whereas the Native Americans (the "em ic" ticular interest. to the Forest Service is how can the viewpoint) stressed the "wholeness" of Mt. Shasta. National Register values of a 150,000 acre historic that 1t could not be studied in pieces. Fisher and property be managed in concert with other uses, Werner contend both viewpoints are necessary. such as recreation, Christmas tree cutting, com­ They suggest that we must always begin our analy­ munication site permits. etc. An even more divisive sis wilh what people tell us. while still looking for a issue has arisen. however. Much of Mt. Shasta is in structure that helps us to understand and interpret private ownership. Over 1,000 private parcels of what we are h earing. The National Register criteria land are known to be within the new National Reg­ were developed many years before "traditional cul­ ister district. Recent legislation in California estab­ tural properties" were identified. The latter ~onc~pt lishing the California Register of Historical seems to put considerable weight on the em1c po.mt Resources includes the provision that all historic of view. Those contemplating studies involvmg properties eligible for the National Register. are also places like Mt. Shasta need to be fully informe~ and eligible for the California Register, and be given con- sensitive to both th e scientific and the native point of . ideration pursuant to the California Environmental view. (Continued on page 4)

September 1994 SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 3 Mount Shasta President's Message (Continued from page 3) (Continued from page 2) Scientist's hat for that of sleuth, recounting the tril1 References of the chase can become a refreshing change frorr Brown, Jennifer S. programmed reports of field procedures and mitiga 1992 Ethnohistorian: Strange Bedfellows, Kindred tion measures. Spirits. Ethnohistory, Vol. 38, pp. 113-123. In academic circles, we often become· focused on Dixon. Roland what we don't know: ilJusive indicators of artifact 1910 Shasta Myths. Journal OfA merican Folklore, variability, or debating ecological vs. cultural cat­ Vol. 23, pp. 22-36. alysts. We tend to forget how much we do know about California's human past. We have abundant Du Bois, Cora and Dorothy Demetracopoulou data from which to spin tales of people who preceded 1931 Wintu Myths. University Of California Publications In American Archaeology And us on this land. Details become hazy as we move Ethnography, Vol. 28, pp. 279-403. farther back in time, but our current speculations are still rich with images of past lifeways. Fenton, William 1978 Review Article: "Huronia: An Essay in Proper Because of the current emphasis on public archae­ Ethnohistory." American Anthropologist, Vol. ology and education, we now have professional 80, pp. 923-935. license to indulge ourselves in this historical sto­ rytelling. We are encouraged to engage the public by Fisher, Lawrence and Oswald Werner populating our sites and historic landscapes. We 1978 Explaining Explanation: Tension in American Anthropology. Journal OfAn thropological can describe differences in food, shelter, and tech­ Research. Vol. 34, pp. 194-218. nologies that separate past peoples from ourselves: and we can discuss the commonalties of human dis­ Ha

1993 Mt. Shasta National Register Forms (three). An excellent example of how far public interpretatior On file with Shasta-Trinity National Forests, and involvement can be taken is Tom Layton's Froli< Redding. project. Finding worked Chinese porcelains in a Mendocino County Pomo site in 1984, Tom identified National Park Service the source of the ceramics: the 1850 wreck site of 199la How to Complete the National Register the clipper ship Frolic which had been looted for Registration Form, Bulletin 16A. Washington, years by sport divers. The Frolic's history was tied to D. C. the invasion of Pomo country, British opium trade 199lb How to Complete the National Register in China, the Gold Rush , and the development of Multiple Property Documentation Form. world trading empires. The Mendocino County Bulletin 168. Washington. D. C. Museum became involved, the divers provided oral histories and donated their artifacts, and scholars , Parker, Patricia L. and Thomas F. King educators, and Pomo residents were enlisted. The 1990 Guidelines for Evaluating and Documenting California Council for the Humanities h as funded a Traditional Cultural Properties. National series of three Mendocino Country museum exhibits: Register Bulletin 38, Na tion al Park Service. one on the Frolic; one on the local impact of the Washington, D. C. wreck; and one on the evolving economy of the town Tneodoratus, Dorothea a nd Nancy Evans 1of Mendocino. These exhibits will run until Decem­ 1991 Statement of Findings, Native American ber 31, 1994. and will form the basis of a new cur­ Interview and Data Collection Study of Mt. riculum that will be made available to all Mendocino Shasta. California. On file S hasta-Trinity County schools. National Forests, Redding.

White, Leslie Another innovative aspect of this project is a dra­ 1947 Evolutionary Stages, Progress. and the matization of the historic events and personalities by Evolution of Cultures. Southwestern Joumal the Ukiah Players Theater. Using the Chautauqua ofAnthropology, Vol 3. pp 165-192. format. historical personalities present monologues, stepping in and out of character and interacting with the audience. (Continued on page 5)

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 4 September 1994 do not meet Federal standards for inventory and President's Message evaluation and additional work will be necessary. (Continued from page 4) Although the creation of the California Register will undoubtedly change that in the future. it will be Among the characters are the Frolic's captain, and some time before CEQA guidelines are consistent rchaeologist, and a Pomo headwoman. And as if with the National Register. • his wasn't enough, a local brewery has produced a limited bottling of "Frolic Shipwreck Ale" in recogni­ 2) Cultural resources specialists may be called in at tion of the ship's cargo of 6, 108 bottles of Edinburgh the last moment, after a project proponent discovers Ale. that the Section 106 process will be required. The specialists may find it necessary to reexamine the Tom, not neglecting his academic responsibilities. sites in the field, conduct test excavations, and in has also produced an historical study on the Frolic general undertake evaluation of the sites for the entitled Drug Runner. and a monograph on the National Register with greater analysis than required cargo. But, all in all, it sounds as though he is under CEQA. They may also need to define current having much too much fun with this whole project. impacts on the potential for eligible/listed historic The kind of fun we could all be enjoying. properties, since some project redesign could have I occurred. The project proponent will expect that all I U.S. Army Corps of Engineers this can be accomplished in a very short time, along I with the Section 106 consultation. I Regulatory Program by Patti Johnson 3) Unfamiliarity by cultural resources specialists I with the more rigorous site evaluation process I Sacramento District Archaeologist required under Federal standards and with the Sec­ Notice to all archaeologists, historians, or other cul­ tion 106 requirements may add significantly to the tura.l resources specialists who provide consulting time required in preparing a report for submittal to services in response to the U.S. Anny Corps of Engi­ the Corps. neers Section 404 Permit program: The various agencies are currently working to expe­ The following is an effort to assist consultants and dite the Section 106 process, however, changes by their clients (project proponents) in understanding the agencies will probably not affect requirements for the relationship between the National Historic Pres­ the inventory and evaluation phases significantly. ervation Act, Section 106 consultation process and We believe that the cultural resources specialists can :: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers permit program. play a very important role in minimizing time and .e Section 106 process requires Federal agencies to expense by becoming knowledgeable about Section ordinate with the State Historic Preservation Offi- 106 and by communicating to the client very early cer (SHPO), the Advisory Council on Historic Pres­ on what may be expected. This will lessen the ervation (ACHP), and other interested parties. It is chance for expensive delays to the start of the pro­ mandatory for all Federal agencies engaged in under­ ject. It will also reduce the potential for the client to takings which may affect historic properties (those develop a negative attitude towards preservation potentially eligible for. or listed on the National Reg­ and/or mitigation of cultural resources. Experience ister of Historic Places). This includes the U.S. Army has shown that the requirement for mitigation is Corps of Engineers permit program. often accepted with little complaint, however, the potential loss of an entire construction year and The Section 106 consultation process may appear associated financial losses is of major concern. straightforward but it can be involved and often requires considerable time to complete. On the other The following provides a quick summary of some hand, the Corps of Engineers permit program is key points; the Corps staff archaeologists may be structured to proceed very quickly. As a result there contacted for assistance on specific projects. is an inherent conflict between the two regardless of the nature of the individual project. Several common What ls Section 404: problems will almost ensure delays and promote frustration on the part of the project proponent. the .. Refers to the Clean Water Act. Section 404 regu- · cultural resources consultants and agency staff. latory program conducted by the U.S. Army Corps of . Engineers which states that a permit is required 1) Project proponents rely on California Environ­ from the Corps of Engineers for the discharge of mental Quality Act (CEQA) findings for cultural dredged or fill material into all waters of the United resources compliance. They believe that if all the States (including wetlands) conditions of the CEQA document are met, they will be satisfying "mitigation" requirements under the • The Corps does not become involved until a project Corps program as well. However. cultural resources proponent applies for a permit. This may be after :ports completed under CEQA guidelines frequently considerable time has passed and the project pro­ (Continu ed on page 6)

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 5 September 1994 to the Corps for review before being sent to US Army Corps of Engineers the SHPO (Continued from page 5) • SHPO review of inventory and evaluation re­ port - 30 days from their receipt of the report ponent may have completed many or most State and (+30 days) local envirorunental requirements. No Federal inter­ est on the part of the Corps is initiated until a pro­ • Determination of effect - addressed in the ject proponent applies to the Corps. inventory and evaluation report by the consultants When ls the Section 106 consultation process required: * SHPO comments on determination of effect - can be done with review of inventory and • Under the 1992 amendments to the National evaluation, but it is safest to add another 30 Historic Preservation Act, a permit is day review period to any schedule (+30 days) considered an undertaking and is therefore subject to the Section 106 consultation • ACHP review and comment is subsequent not process. concurrent to SHPO review. SHPO comments are part of the documentation sent to the • If potentially eligible, eligible or listed ACHP. ACHP has 30 days to review properties on the National Register of HiStorlc determination of effect (+30 days) Places are involved, the 106 process will in many cases require input by cultural • Memorandum of Agreement (MOA). The MOA is resources professionals. These professionals developed in consultation with the SHPO and provide the data for determinations of the ACHP. This step may be consecutive or it eligibility and effect. may be concurrent, depending on the case-specific circumstances. Add 30 to 60 'Who participates in the 106 process: days (+60 days) • The Corps of Engineers, the State Historic • Allow for mailing time, discussion time, and Preservation Officer (SHPO). the Advisory revisions. These are undeterminable and Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP), the although all agencies try to keep these at a project proponent minimum, they are part of the real time necessary at each step of the process (+30 • Native Americans and/or other appropriate days) interested parties • The average length of time for completion of • You, as the consulting cultural resources the Section 106 process can be expected to specialist, should expect to be involved take about six months or 180 days. Careful throughout the Section 106 process planning may expedite it somewhat, however, problems at any point may signilkantly extend What are the steps In the process: it. · • Inventory of the resources • Substantial delays may be incurred due to inadequate documentation by the consultant. • Evaluation under the National RegiSter of Generally, these result from: incomplete Historic Places criteria (the Corps actually survey and/ or archival searches. no State makes the determination. based on data trinomials for sites. inadequate addressing of provided by the consultant) National Register criteria, no Native American or other interested party involvement • Determination of effect. under the Criteria of documented and no early discussions with Effect as recogniZed by the ACHP (the Corps Corps archaeologists as to requirements. actually makes the determination, based on data provided by the consultant) What the client should know: • Memorandum of agreement, if appropriate • To contact cultural resources specialists (Programmatic Agreements are sometimes knowledgeable of the Section 106 used) consultation process. How long consultation takes: • The time frame to complete the process; the permit is not concluded until Section 106 has * Inventory and evaluation - depends on the been completed consulting specialists; reports are submitted (Continued on page 7)

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 6 September 1994 I US Army Corps of Engineers i Native Americans And Archaeologists I I Moving Forward (Continued from page 6) ' I i by Philip de Barros * CEQA cultural resources documents are I Chairman, Native American Programs ! I frequently not adequate for purposes of I ! Committee I Section 106 particularly in the area of ! I evaluation Some time has passed since the successful sym­ 'What the cultural resources specialists should posium and panel discussion at Asilomar in April know: 1993, which dealt with various ways in which archaeologists and Native Americans can work * The Section 106 process through training together toward common goals. While the committee and experience has not been very active this past year, the Asilomar conference did have some interesting spinoffs and a * To ask of any client whether the proposed new regional subcommittee is being formed to create project falls under the Corps permit and implement an education and trairung grant pro­ program. If it d6es, inform the client as to gram for Native Americans in the field of archae­ the steps and time required to complete the ology. Section 106 process Splnoffs From the Asilomar Conference After the conference and subsequent publication of * That Section 106 usually begins after the its results in the July 1993 SCA Newsletter, Mark inventory and evalu ation phases have been Aldenderfer of UCSB. last year's editor of the Society completed. therefore, any schedule should for American Archaeology Newsletter, requested an reflect the total effort article for the Summer 1993 issue. He was inter­ ested in promoting dialogue at a national level as we If working under CEQA guidelines, have tried to do here in California. The result was a anticipate that Section 106 eventually may 1993-94 series of articles beginning with one on the be necessary, if there is a Federal interest Asilomar conference. This series was very successful (the Federal government will be involved), and resulted in several letters to the editor. We of and to take greater care in recording the the SCA can be proud th at we helped promote a sites and evaluating their significance national dialogue on the subject of communication and cooperation between archaeologists and Native * Familiarity with the numerous National Americans. Register Bulletins that identify how to evaluate specific properties, such as historic In 1994, as Chairman of the Native American Pro­ archaeological sites. rural historic grams Committee, I was asked to speak on the issue landscapes, cemeteries, etc. at two national conferences. First, at the suggestion of Laurence Spanne, Vandenberg's AFB's (VAFB) His­ * To contact the appropriate Corps toric Preservation Officer, Lucy Whalley of CERL archaeologist to determine wh at will be invited me to speak at the annual cultural resources required for a particular project. conference of the Army Corps of Engineers held in Anaheim in April, just prior to the SAA annual meet­ Who to contact for questions on Section 106 ing. My talk focused on plans to research and Write and the Permit Program in California: an ethnographic/ethnohistoric overview as part of VAFB's forthcoming Cultural Resources Management Los Angeles District (Southern California) Plan sponsored by the U.S. Air Force and the National Park Service (NPS). Of particular interest was the topic of Traditional Cultural Properties Attn: Steve Dibble (213) 894-3399 (TCPs). How should these resources be recorded? Attn: Richard Perry (213) 894-6087 What parties s h ould have access to this kind of information? Who should collect the information? San Francisco District (Coastal California) Two very good publications on this subject include National Register Bulletin No. 38 (1990), and CRM Attn: Richard Stradford (415) 744-3345 Bulletin No. 16 (1993). a special issue devoted to TCPs. Other speakers at the conference inclu ded Sacramento District (Interior Northern and Cen­ Jeff Van Pelt of the Yakima of Washington and David tral California) Carmichael of the University of New Mexico. The Almy's chief cultural resources officer. Constance Attn: Patti Johnson (916) 557-6611 Ramirez, was present at this conference and the DoD conference discussed below. (Continued on page 8)

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 7 September 1994 program in association with an accredited college: 2) Native Americans And Archaeologists awarding grants to those seeking A.A. BA and M.A. degrees in archaeology/anthropology; and 3) pro­ (Continued from page 7) viding assistance to Native American groups who seek to obtain Historic Preservation training grants The Department of Defense held its Biennial Confer­ under NAGPRA and other programs. ence on Cultural Resources June 6-10. in Pensacola. Florida. June 8 was devoted to Native American Subcommittee members plan to meet at both tht issues. California was represented by three speakers Northern and Southern California Data Sharing associated with a NPS contract for cultural resources Meetings in Sacramento and Los Angeles, in October, at VAFB administered by Helene Dunbar of the NPS to discuss these objectives as well as the logistics of Western Regional Office. First, Laurence Spanne, selecting people for grants and investigating both pri­ representing VAFB, spoke of his many years of expe­ vate and public funding sources. I hope to be able to rience working with the Santa Ynez Chumash on attend both of these meetings. A few positions on such issues as the excavation and reburial of human the education and training grant program sub­ remains (including the development of an MOA). the committee are still open. If you are interested in documentation of archaeological sites, shrines, and serving on the subcommittee or if you have com­ rock art sites, and access to traditional gathering ments on the proposed program. please contact me areas. His slide show was particularly appreciated. at my new job at Palomar College at (619) 744-1150 x2343 or x2329. Representing both Chambers Group and the SCA, I foYiowed with a five-year retrospective on the develop­ ment of increased dialogue and cooperation with Cypress Freeway Native Americans in California, beginning with the divisiveness initially created by the Katz Bill on repa­ Replacement Project triation, moving on to SCA President Dick Markley's by Mary Praetzellis creation of the Native American Programs Com­ mittee, and finally to a discussion of the Asilomar Anthropological Study Center Conference. I emphasized that a dual perspective Sonoma State University which views archaeological sites as both scientific resources and Native American resources and inte­ On October 17, 1989 at 5:04 pm, just as the San grates Native American input early in the Cultural Francisco Giants and the Oakland A's took the field Resources Management process. This perspective to play the fourth game of the World Series, the great helps to ensure continued and improved dialogue Loma Prieta earthquake destroyed the Cypress and cooperation between two parties that have many Structure, a 1.5 mile section of elevated freeway that common goals. Finally, Craig Woodman of SAIC funnelled traffic through West Oakland to the Bay spoke of his varied experiences working with Native Bridge. Wrecked vehicles and their trapped pas­ Americans in the Santa Barbara region and else­ sengers lay buried beneath the ruins of th~ collapsed where. freeway. Within minutes, residents of the unrne~ate neighborhood had initiated a rescue operation. Development of Education and Tralnlng Grant Using ropes and ladders, they search~d the debris, Program pried trapped motorists from their vehicles. and low­ Since June of this year. I have been working to ered them to safety. develop a subcommittee of the Native American Pro­ grams Committee, whose goal will be to create, The quake also severely damaged the surrounding develop, fund, and implement a Native American West Oakland neighborhoods; freeway demolition archaeology education and training grant program. forced the evacuation of hundreds of local residents To accomplish such a goal requires a regionally and disturbed the remainder with several weeks of based subcommittee whose members can deal constant noise and dust. When the California directly with groups that are geographically close Department of Transportation (CALTRANS) and with whom they may have already developed announced that they would rebuild the freeway, relationships. Currently established subcommittee neighborhood representatives voiced strong opposi­ members include: Northern CA, Ann King-Smith, tion and proposed an alternative freeway route that Mike Jablonowski and Shelly Davis-King; Central would go around their neighborhood. Ultimately, CA, Janet Eidness, Laurie Planas, and Karen Nissen; CAL1RANS developed a new route that bypasses Southern CA. Lynn Gamble, John Johnson, and most of the residential district. Steve Crouthamrnel. Although presently used primarily as parking lots, After numerous telephone discussions with com­ vacant or industrial space. railyards, and BARr mittee members, we are currently considering the lines, this new route cuts a swath through former following objectives for the program: 1) awarding working-class neighborhoods where immigrants from small grants to those seeking monitoring training, including possibly the funding of such a training Continued on page 9)

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 8 September 1994 acteristics that must be present for a property to be Cypress Freeway considered potentially eligible to the NRHP. The cri­ teria consider both the physical irltegrity and (Continued from page 8) research potential of each property type. Methods for identification, primarily the use of heavy equip­ rrany ethnic groups lived along side Euro' and Afri­ ment to clear fill deposits from the surface, and the :an-Americans. The route encounters dwellings, extent and nature of "testing" required before a ooardinghouses, hotels, saloons, stores, churches, deposit is considered potentially NRHP-eligible are and brothels. The route also traverses former marsh defined, as well as the level of documentation nec­ zones, including an Army base, alongside San Fran­ essary for properties considered ineligible. The cisco Bay where Native American sites may have treatment plan for data recovery specifies require­ survived. ments for excavation and recording techniques.

The Sonoma State University Anthropological Stud­ Field work, under the direction of Adrian Praetzellis ies Center is undertaking Section 106 compliance for (PI), Jack Mcilroy (Field Director), and Janet Pape CALTRA!'IS District 4 on the historic archaeological (CALTRANS Contract Manager) began on April 18, sites within the project area. CALTRANS is doing 1994 and will continue for the next three years. the prehistoric archaeology in-house or with the help Work is undertaken one block at a time. The block of the Anthropological Studies Center should the is opened with a backhoe and cleared by hand. The need arise for additional personnel. The research concept of archaeological stratification and the def­ design and treatment plan for the historical archae­ inition of context govern the approach to site record­ ology component was finalized recently. The report mg. Context is the term applied to the physical evi­ c.c;1lers 43 blocks that were defined as having high dence for an irldividual event in the history of the sensitivity for historic archaeological remains.· site, Smee such physical evidence can be irl the Chapter 1 introduces the project and a modified form of layers representirlg accumulation, cut fea­ approach to the Section 106 process. For the tures representmg intrusion, processes such as the Cypress project, the identification, evaluation, and fillirlg of a ditch, and walls or surfaces representirlg data recovery phases will be collapsed into a single structures, the term context was chosen in prefer­ operation. Chapter 2 presents a detailed history of ence to layer, deposit, or feature because it does not West Oakland by Nancy L. Olmsted and Roger W. have specific implications for the physical evidence. Olmsted, including sections on lodging houses and A context is the basic unit of division of the recorded hotels and on the domestic-reform movement by stratification. The recorded stratification is the sum 1'.icha Woods, and on the Brotherhood of Sleeping of these interrelated units and constitutes the his­ Car-Porters by Will Spires. Mary Praetzellis and tory of the site. Context sheets, based on one devel­ .Adrian Praetzellis wrote Chapter 3, the research con~ oped by the Department of Urban Archaeology at the te>c'i:, that identifies important research issues to Museum of Lendon, are used as the basic archae­ which a site must contribute to · be considered ological record form. A Harris Matrix is developed potentially eligible to the NRHP under Criterion D. during e,'

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 9 September 1994 The shops wing was also the location of an infant Southern & Northern California burial in a redwood box lined with cloth secured with brass tacks. The box was held together by Data-Sharing machine-made nails of post-1880 manufacture. lt Meetings had been crushed by the weight of the overlying earth. revealing only some small incisor teeth and two upper limb bones. A large diaper pin was noted The 1994 Southern California Data-Sharing in the appropriate area. Remains of a larger wooden Meeting will take place on Saturday, October box were noted nearby but were left intact. The Cor­ I from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. The meeting oner was notified immediately and was of the opin­ will be held at University of California, Los ion that the bmial was Euro-American and should Angeles, Heines Hall, Room 2. be covered in place. This was done following a brief ceremony conducted by the padres. Following the The 1994 Northern California Data-Sharing abandonment of the Mission in the 1880s, local meeting will take place on Saturday, October ranchers buried their dead in the ruins next to the 22. The meeting will be held at California church. A photo in the SAM Archives indicates sev­ State University, Sacramento. The meetings eral wooden crosses in the ruins of the shops wing. promise to feature a diverse range of stim­ Research on the 1815 orchard wall, rebuilt in 1825 ulating presentations. j\ after its destruction by heavy rains, continued this year as well. Indian dormitories extended to the For more information, please contact Michael 1 orchard wall and were connected to it after rebuild­ Sampson (Southern California). Department I ing. The easterrunost dormitory room measured 13 of Parks and Recreation, 8885 Rio San Diego I x 17 feet, somewhat larger than the average. Both Dr. Ste 270. San Diego, CA 92108 (619) 220- front and rear walls were identified. but cross walls 5323 and Jeny Johnson (Northern Cal­ 1. between apartments were less easy to recognize. ifornia), Department of Anthropology, Cal- ' , - Large amounts of ash were found in the dormitory ifornia State University, Sacramento, CA rooms. . 95819-6106 (916) 278-6572. Fort Ross. Reported by Jim Allan l "With the first impact against the shoal, the waves began to pour into the boat from the stem. and the Historical Archaeology rudder unhinged. General confusion followed. The :I Ii mainmast started to break and then fell down, snap­ ping in two. The topmast dangled from the star­ Mission San Antonio de Padua. Reported by board side across the ship for a long moment and Robert Hoover was then carried off by enormous waves. The tiller lashed back and forth, and we were unable to find Excavations on the 1815 shops wing, adjacent to the tools fast enough to remove it from its fitting. Then church, are continuing. The original goal of deter­ the foremast came down with a crash." mining which rooms were actually used for the spe­ cific purposes mentioned in the a nnual reports was Wilh these words, Kirill T. Khlebnikov, an admin­ again frustrated by the very thin deposit from the istrator of the Russian-American Company, shops occupation, ranging from the surface through described the wrecking of the company ship ll'men a ladrillo floor. down to an adobe sub-layer (ca. 20 on June 18, 1820 at Point Arena on the north coast cm in most areas). Below this were alternating of California. His account of the incident and its layers of ash/bone and adobe. representing cooking aftermath was recently translated and published by debris from a pre-1815 period; most artifacts came the University of Alaska Press in The Khlebnikov from these strata. Archive: Unpublished Journal (1800-1837) and Travel Notes (1820, 1822, and 1824). More evidence of an earlier foundation was exposed this year. The earlier building was either a very long ln 1812. the Russian-American Company. a quasi­ structure or a series of buildings arranged in a linear govemment mercantile company involved in the pattern. It may have been an earlier church; the lucr a tive fur tra d e of the Pacific Northwest, es ta b ­ known width of that church corresponds to the dis­ lished the outpost of Ross on a flat. coastal plateau tance to a parallel foundation (but at a very different some 70 miles north of the Spanish mission and elevation). More work needs to be de.me next year to presidia of San Francisco. The fort was established the south and east, in the yards between the shops to exploit the otter and sea mammal populations of and the orchard wall. We plan a series of narrow California and to develop an agricultural base from trenches to rapidly identify walls at various depths which the Company's northern colonies could be and orientations. The stratigraphy is very complex supplied. in this location. (Continued on page 11)

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 10 September 1994 also indicates that today's shoreline appears to be Historical Archaeology the product of a great deal of beach accretion that (Continued from page 10) has served to move the historic shoreline inland. The survey area is designed to cover the estimated position of this historic shoreline. In the spring of J'he Ross colony was the o~y foreign tra~ng ?utpost 1994, three pedestrian surveys were conducted • n all of Spanish and Mexican Alta Cabforma and, across this area by archaeologists from the Uni­ although illegal until the 1820s, trade between the versity of California, the IWMA, the California Russians and the Spanish military and mission set­ Department of Parks and Recreation, Santa Rosa tlements was both lively and mutually beneficial. Junior College, and anthropology students from the The trade required frequent communication by sea College of Marin. No surficial evidence relating to between the Company's headquarters in Alaska and the wreck, or to a small fort constructed during the the colony in California. It was while making such a wreck's salvage, was identified. voyage that the Il'men met her fate. In the months of May and J une, 1994, that portion Khlebnikov's account of the wreck of the Il'men is a of the gross survey area deemed most likely to con­ meticulous description of both the wrecking incident tain the wreck site was surveyed by IWMA with an and the events that followed. Detailed descriptions of E.G.& G. Geometrics G856 proton precession mag­ the topography around the wreck site, along with netometer, configured for gradiometer surveying. measurements of distanC'es and elapsed travel time The area surveyed is rectangular in shape, 200 back and forth across the landscape, provide tan­ meters N-S and approximately 600 meters E-W, with talizing clues to the site location today. the ocean's edge defining the western boundary. The terrain varies in altitude from 0 to 40 feet and K.111ebnikiov reported that the ship's hull sanded in is characterized by two parallel lines of sand dunes almost immediately after the wrecking, most of the running N-S. One dune line follows the coastline cargo was salvaged from the immobilized vessel but approximately 50 meters inland from the water's much was undoubtedly left behind in the flooded edge. The second line of dunes parallels the first compartments. Numerous attempts were made to re­ and lies approximately 200 meters to the east. The float the vessel in the months that followed, but all area between the two dune lines is generally flat and failed and the ship was eventually abandoned. sandy, stabilized by the same type of dune grass and scrub vegetation that covers both dune lines. Tran­ Today, the remains of the wreckage hold the promise sects for the gradiometer survey were spaced at five of providing unique insights into a number of sig~ meter intervals and ran in an E-W direction. Tran­ nificant historical and anthropological issues. sects crossed one set of dunes, the intervening flat, ~;chaeological investigation of the wreckage may the second line of dunes, and the beach. Readings ~;veal indications of what life at sea was like for the were taken every five meters. Horizontal control was Russian, Yankee, Aleut, and Hawaiian mariners who maintained by a transit established on a baseline comprised the ship's crew. Evidence of little-known, that bisected the search area in a N-S direction. early 19th century ship conslruction techniques may be found in documentation of the vessel's hull Preliminary analysis of the gradiometer data indi­ remains. The true nature of the commerce between cates the presence of several discrete magnetic Sitkha (sic), Fort Ross, and the Spanish presidio and anomalies that warrant further investigation. Fund­ missions in Alta California, illegal and therefore ing is being established for a second gradiometer poorly documented in the historical records, may be survey designed to further isolate these anomalies reflected in the archaeological evidence remaining in and to define the limits of several others that appear the vessel's structure. to lie on the edges of the survey area.

Given the excellent preservation qualities provided Tuolumne County. Reported by Shelly Dav!s­ by sand and the fact that the ship was so quickly King immobilized after striking land, the very strong pos­ sibility exists that the ship's lower hull can be The West Side Flume and Lumber Company, one of located today. To that end, archaeologists from the California's many railroa d logging operations, came Institute for Western Maritime Archaeology (lWMA). to the community of Tuolumne in 1899 an d was a an affiliate of the Archaeological Research Facility at major economic and social presence there until the the University of California, are conducting field mill burned in 1961. Patrons of the railroad are research in an attempt to locate the site. Principal familiar names in Califonua water, timber, and Investigator of the project is Dr. Kent Lightfoot of the transportation development: Charlie Crocker, Prince University of California. The project is being directed Andre Poniatowski, and Thomas Bullock. These by James M. Allan of the lWMA. men, desiring a tourist route into Yosemite and a corridor across the Sierra Nevada, logged huge Application of Khlebrukov's descriptions and meas­ tracks of timber while exploring such routes. The "rernents to m odem topographic maps of the area West Side system boomed, developing a 72-rnile - as led to the definition of a gross survey area. It (Continued on page 12)

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 11 September 1994 ological investigations at these sites are also ongo­ Historical Archaeology ing. (Continued from page 11) The draft report on the Identification and Evalua­ tion of Historic Properties for the Proposed Cherry long mainline with 49 camps. resulting in numer­ Valley Golf and Country Club, Tuolumne County, ous archaeological features and sites today. The California has been prepared. Availability of the West Side Discontiguous District has been deter­ final technical report, including full research mined eligible for the National Register of Historic results, will be announced at a later date. Places on the regional level.

Although much of the West Side system is located ! SCA Annual Meeting 1995 in what is now the Stanislaus National Forest. a recent investigation of West Side's former mill site I has been conducted by Davis-King & Associates. I The 1995 Annual Meeting will be held in including Foothill Resources. Ltd. The Cherry Eureka, April 5-9, 1995, at the Eureka Inn. Valley Golf and Country Club, proposed by C&L As reported in the last Newsletter, the meet­ Development. would develop 328 acres in the ings are expected to be exciting a nd infor­ unincorporated town of Tuolumne on the former mative. with the side opportunity to visit West Side Lumber Company millsite property. Ini­ beautiful northwestern California. If you are tial surveys recorded eleven resources. including interested in presenting a paper or organizing three prehistoric sites (investigated by BioSystems , a symposium, please refer to the application Analysis), five historic building or structure com­ I forms provided in your last Newsletter (July plexes. and three historical archaeological sites. 1994). Applications must be submitted to Breck Parkman by the 31st of December. Historic structures and buildings in the Cherry Valley Project are all related to the West Side Lumber Company operations. Surviving struc­ Julia Costello has come up with something tures include the 1912 log pond dam with its new and exciting for the banquet, which none winch mechanism for removal of flashboards. the of you will want to miss. Breck Parkman 1900 Sierra Railway timber trestle constructed to reports that Michael Sampson's symposium access finished lumber products and take them to on the "Archaeology Of Work Camps" will the Central Valley, several railroad buildings probably turn into a day long session. If including the early car repair shop, depot. sand you're interested in participating. contact storage facility, and oil tanks, the spectacular Michael at (619) 220-5323. Dwight Simmons 102-foot-high brick sawdust burner, formerly is organizing a symposium on "Zoo­ attached to the mill, a winch used to recover sub­ archaeology and Paleoenvironmental Recon­ merged logs, and the former offices and stores of struction." If you are interested in par­ the West Side Lumber Company designed by the ticipating. please contact Dwight Simmons, architectural firm of Bliss & Faville. West Side Department of Anthropology, San Jose State was an important presence in the community for University, San Jose. CA 95192 (408) 924- more than six decades, and many local citizens 5710. have expressed an interest in an interpretive center and access to the project facilities. Oral Remember to mark your calendars! histories and archival research are ongoing, and I there are plans to develop the facilities (such as the intact blacksmith shop) into a small local News And Views From The I museum. A popular history, structural drawings, and a walking trail will also be developed. Office of Historic Preservation by Sandra J. Elder The three· historical archaeological components Public Information Coordinator investigated were subjected to intensive surface collections which were d esigned to identify impor­ At the August 5, 1994 meeting of the State H1stonca1 tant research data potential. All· three resources Resources Commission (SHRC) the 1994 Certified contained community dumps, one of which seems Local Government (CLG) grant recommendations to retain enough focus and visibility for further were approved. investigation. A feature of one of the other sites contains three depressions and an artifact scatter 1\venty-seven grant applications were received, rep­ which may be related to the founding family of resenting 22 of the 30 CLGs. The total amount Tuolumne, that of Elizabeth Summers. Archae- (Continued on page 13)

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 12 September 1994 first year of the ne.xt millennia, California will cel­ News & Views ebrate its transition from western frontier to Unlted (Continued from page 12) States statehood. The CAL-150 unit invi'!.es YO'-' to participate in this quested was $231,930. This year there will be exciting and important time i..'1 Callfornia. They need • located approximately $182.000 exceeding the your ideas, influence, and foresight. They need you $89.145 required ten percent pass-through to CLGs. to represent the vast ethnlc diversity of this i:!reat state. and to ensure all cultures. heritages and futer­ Cherilyn Widell, California's State HiStoric Preserva­ ests are included and not inadvertently overlooked In tion Officer, is in the process of gathering input to the commemoration. For more information, please Callfor.1la's Fiscal Year 1995 Historic Preservation contact CAL-150 Unlt, California Department of Fund Grant Application. Parks and Recreation, P.O. Box 942896, Sac­ ramento, CA 94296-0001, (916) 653-9599. The major preservation issues and concerns in Cal­ lfomia during 1993-94 were economic decline and fiscal crisis, population growth and growth man­ agement, historic preservation and housing preserva­ tion, historic unreinforced masonry buildings. pres­ Federal & State Agency ervation and land use policy, technical guidance on preservation land use decision making, ethnic diver­ . Cultural Resource Management sity and preservation, rural preservation, the repa­ in California triation issue, and vandaliSm of archaeological sites. Cherilyn has held one public ·meeting and plans to A5 noted in the July issue of the Newsletter we hold several more in order to receive comments and have two new columns. The columns will address suggestions for the Office of Historic Preservation's Federal and State agency research, employment priority list of issues and concerns. opportunities, and publications and reports. Vile are actively seeking information from Federal and State Callfornia's preservation constituency is invited to agencies to use in these columns. Linda Reynolds either comment in person at the public hearings or kicked off the Federal Agency column in the last submit your suggestions in writing to the Office of Newsletter with News From The Inyo National Historic Preservation, P.O. Box 942896, Sac­ Forest. Reports can be either 1-2 pages in length --."nento, CA 94296-000L covering a particular project or brief reports along t.11e lines of the columns that formerly appeared in ; Governor's recently issued Executive Order 74- the "Current Resear?h". section of American Antiq· ~4 places within California State Parks the respon­ ':'1Y: We would also ;ike to elicit reports concerning sibility for organizing and implementing a statewide Nanve A::nencan involvement in preservation, includ­ corr;memoration of the 150-year annlversaries of Cal­ ing reports on traditional cultural properties. ifornia's Gold Rush [1848-1998) and Statehood Employment opportunities can include both com­ [1850-2000). The Department of Parks and Rec­ pensated employment and uncompensated intern­ reation's Sesquicentennial Unit (CAL-150) is now ships. Information concerning publications or established and has begun the initial planning pro­ reports should include where the report can be cess for what will result i.."'.l three years of sequential obtained and the price if not distributed gratis. activities anticipated to garner national and world­ Please forward Federal Agency submissions to Karen wide attention. Nissen, Caltrans District 6, 4545 N West Ave., Fresno, CA 93705. [209) 488-4024, fax (209) 245- The stac'f of CAL-150 has already inltiated contact 5228. Reports for the November issue of the News­ with state, federal and local go,•ernment officials as letter should be submitted by October 15. well as various corporations and private institutions to seek their participalion in a wide-range of pro­ Update On New Diseoveries At The US Army Gar­ grams, projects and events. The year 1998 will focus rison, Presidio Of San Francisco National Historic on gold discoveries throughout California. not .only Landmark District - Vance Bente' Woodward­ the nuggets found at Co.lama and Columbia, but at Clyde, and Sannie. Osborn, Corps of Engineers hundreds of other mining outposts. In addi:ion. the On rv1ay 27. 1994, several new archaeological fea­ 1998 theme allows us the opportunlty to also reflect tures were d!scovered at the site of the SpaniSh colo­ on the other "golden rushes" of Callfomia - citrus, nial/Mexlcan Period Presidio de San Francisco. Rep· black gold (oil). Hollywood, Silicon Valley, aerospace, resenting the early Spar.Jsh-colonial pertod (1776- etc, - making us realize the creative. inventive spirit 1800) through the early American pe...'iod [1847- that is so much a part of Californians. In 1999, the 1865). these features include stone wall­ attention will turn to the human milieu and the foundations, a privy pit, and a possible borrow pit/ incredible immersion of diversity that set the fabric disposal feature . • r our rich cultural heritage. Finally. during the (Continued on page 14)

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 13 September 1994 Garrison May, July, and October 1993, respectively) indicated that th~ .main quadrangle was significantly larger (Continued from page 13) than ongmally believed, extending further north and east than archival evidence, primarily the I 702 Sal plan, has led us to believe. It is hoped that upcorn The features were discovered in the course of instal­ ing research funded by the US Army Forces Corn lation of a water distribution system in the Main mand and the NPS will clarify this further. Post area before transfer of the post to the National Park Service (NPS). Prior to commencement of con­ The Presidio was also the site of events associated struction, this waterline installation on Sheridan with the City of San Francisco's 218th birthday cel­ Av~nue was identified as archaeologically sensitive ebration. On Saturday, June 25th, Bente' and u~mg a NPS predictive model and the suspected Osborn conducted tours of the excavations for the alignment o~ the ~estem front of the Presidio quad­ Los Californianos commemoration of the arrival of rangle. Engmeenng constraints limited the possibil­ the first soldiers and settlers of the Anza expedition ity of rerouting the water line around the sensitive in 1 776. This followed a flagpole ceremony where a:-~a. Pavement prohibited auger testing or probing Colonel Gregory Renn discussed previous Spanish, pnor to construction. An intensive monitoring/ Mexican and American commandantes and his role docu?1e~tation p:ogram was developed to mitigate as the last military garrison commander. On possible rmpacts if deposits or features were found. Wednesday, June 29th excavation tours and inter­ pretive exhibits were again available for 450 indi­ On the day construction excavation started three viduals in attendance at a civic luncheon. A sneak archaeologists were present on the site. The back­ preview of the documentary video on the Presidio's hoe operator and construction workers were briefed history was also shown at the post theater. The first about the types of deposits anticipated. Trench in a series of interpretive brochures on the Army's width and depth was reduced to the minimum allow­ archeological program at the Presidio was made able to permit placement of the pipe. Following available to the public by Colonel Frank Janecek. removal of street pavement and roadbed, backhoe Director of Public Works, at these events. Copies excavation proceeded in 6-8 foot segments, removing may be obtained by contacting Osborn at (916) 557- four-inch levels at a time. When a feature was 6714. encountered it was then exposed by hand. Soil was screened to recover artifacts and other cultural material. Following exposure, the features were Another Note On The SHRC mapped, drawn and photographed. by Mary Maniery Two architectural and two distinct depositional fea­ tures were discovered. The architectural features were two parallel stone-wall foundations, identical in At the State Historical Resources Commission construction and alignment to those found in Octo­ (SHRC) meet on August 5 in Sacramento, Bill Seidel ber 1993 in Pershing Square to the south. The wall­ reported on a GIS conference attended by Informa­ foundations exposed by the Sheridan Avenue inves­ tion Center representatiVes and OHP staff (reported tigation presumably represent continuation of the on in the SCA July Newsletter). Work is underway to interior and exterior walls of the western front of the bring the Centers and OHP up to speed in GIS, Presidio quadrangle to the north. An American probably using the ARCHEOTECH program. The period privy pit was identified immediately adjacent Information Center Advisory Group and repre­ to the exterior wall-foundation. In addition to iden­ sentatives from the various Information Centers will tification of these features, excavation of a long, meet in Sacramento in mid-September. Among linear trench permitted clear identification of deposi­ issues to be discussed are availability of site forms, tional patterns. Examination of the trench sidewall numbering of Primary Records, protection of site profile showed evidence of the earthen floor, overlain sensitive data and continued integration of state by layers of wood and clay tile, thought to represent inventories into the Information Centers. roof fall. It is doubtful that the borrow pit would have ever been identified through conventional Jan Wooley of OHP reported that the testing of the archaeological excavation. new recording forms by various agencies and con­ sultants has been underway for nearly a year and Analysis of the artifacts recovered during the excava­ the test group has been meeting r egularly. Based on tion is currently underway. Among the artifacts are user comments. revisions of some forms is under­ three clay figural-pipes. Each of th~ three examples way. A revised Primary Form will be available by are labeled "Rough and Ready," in script. mid-September. although the Information Centers should still accept the old version after that date. As reported in earlier SCA articles, discovery of wall­ Revision of the archaeological site record will follow. foundations representing the eastern. northern. and The committee is contemplating abandoning the western fronts of the main presidial quadrangle (in linear resources form, but this has not been finalized yet. (Continued on page 15)

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 14 September 1994 Another Note on SHRC So as not to disturb their industry, (Continued from page 14) And until just now, today, I have rnld no soul of ks location . end any suggested revisions or comments on forms • o ,Jan Wooley at OHP. It is well secreted. It is more seemly Cornrnission chair Pat Martz related that the Cura­ That it remain that way. tion Corrunittee is now looking at implementation of the new guidelines. There is a dLre need for cura­ -Russ Leadabrand, 1994 tion facilities at a local level and Martz noted that .it is imperative to generate interest among local com­ Editor's Note: Russ Leadabranc! has authored numerous munities and help them meet the guidelines. The committee will be looking into ways to accomplish guidebooks o! the Southern Calttornia mountains and this task. desert. He now resides in Cambria where he continues to write and contribute to the community. His magazine Russ Commissioner Bob Hoover reported that very few Leadabrand Sez, is available by writing to Russ at 685 comments on the draft guide'-i.nes and crite1ia for the Worcester Drive, Cambria, CA 93428. California Register were received by the deadline of late July and the deadline for public comments has '! been extended. If anvone has comments on these !: California Archaeology Week 11 c;"iteria, particularly in ,-egards to archaeological 1995 An Update I resources, please contact Bob. (805] 544-0176, as soon as possible. It is important that the new Cal­ by Elyn Walker ifornia Register include: strong language regarding mmmm JI the identification and protection of archaeological I'm finally back from the field and I'm overdue in pro­ sites, as well as the built environment, and any sug­ viding the membership .vith an update on the plan­ gestions from the archaeological community would r..L.-ig activities for California Archaeology Week 1995. be welcomed. Poster - I sent out letters of inquiry to nine artists who in the past had expressed an interest in design­ A Place in the Wood ing the California Archaeology Week poster. Eight • know a place in the wood, responded. three sent proposals. and the other five declined to participate, but asked to be kept on the Behind a tangled, wken barrier of barbed wire, list for 1996. Jon Lytle has agreed to prepare the poster for 1995. I would like to add more names to 3uried under a thick canopy ofbay-laurei, our list of artists - I know that there are a lot of tal­ ented archaeologists/artists out there. If you have Om - various oaks, some with acorns any suggestions or you would like to be included for No larger than a head of barley, considerntion for future posters, please let me know. Some with acorns as big as plums- Advertisement I talked wJth the Current Events editor for Motorland, the monthly magazine for the 1\nd sycamores, for there is a stre:an close by. California State Automobile Association, and they are delighted to list California Archaeology Week in Here, hidden ir. duff is a knob of alie:i stone the March 1995 issue. :'m also tiytng to compile a And when I brushed awav the blanket of gathered county-wide list of visitor /tourist bureaus and local leaves ; Chambers of Commerce to distribute the Archae­ ology Week Calendar of Events and Poster. Any help from this dark outcropping the membership can provide in compilation of the list will be greatly appreciated. Lo ... the flattened surface of rock My Archaeology Week Co-Chai!", Beth Padon, is plan­ \Y/:1.1 pocked with a dozen or more ning to attend the Southern Data-Sharing Meeting Of bedrock mortars, a work site of the Old People. and I will attend the ::\Torthe..rn Data-Shari.ng Meet­ ing. We will be available to talk with members of the Aye, there were ghosts there, ghost of quiet women Society at the meetings. Please let us know if you have any questions. recommendations. or if you­ With stone pestles patiendy crushing acorns in anciem would like to coordinate an event. or help with the ntual. planning activities. If we don't see you at the fall meetings, just give us a call. Our telephone num­ • moved 011, as silently as ! could bers a,-e l:sted on the back of the Newsletter.

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 15 September 1994 San Francisco, CA 94115 Current Listing of Meeting schedule: regular fieldtrtps Archaeological Societies Contact: President Paul Freeman (415) 921-7366 Central Sierra Archaeological Society The following is a list of the avocational societies, P 0 Box 1147 student organizations and museum associations Columbia, CA 95310 active in archaeology in this state. Check the list for Meeting place: Old Firehouse, Columbia the group nearest you. Meeting schedule: second Tuesday of every other month For more inforrriation, corrections, and/or additions Contact: President Scott Baker ~e&arding this list.' please contact Avocational Society Newsletter editor: Charla Francis, (209) 533-3 180 liaison Anne Duffield-Stoll, 143 Monterey Drive, · Claremont, CA 91711. Chico Anthropological Society c/o Anthropological Department ALPACA (CSUSB student association) California State University Chico CSUSB, 5500 University Parkway Chico, CA 95929 San Bernardino, CA 92407 Frank Bayham, Advisor (916) 345-2195 Contact: President Linda Stockham (909) 664-2143 Coachella Valley Archaeological Society American Rock Art Research Association P .0. Box 2344 P.O. Box 65 Palm Springs, CA 92263 San Miguel, CA 93451-0065 Meeting place: California Federal Bank, Hwy 111 & Meeting schedule: Memorial Day Sunrise. Palm Springs Contact: President Donald Weaver Meeting schedule: 2nd Tuesday of every month. News Editor: Frank Bock (805) 467-3704 Contact: President Hany Quinn (619) 349-8703 Newsletter editor: Drew Pallette (619) 329-6242 Anderson Valley Archaeological Society Star Rte 3281 Cultural Heritage Council Philo CA 95466 P.O. Box 3217 . Contact: President Richard Carlson (707) 895-3166 Clear Lake, CA 95422 Newsletter editor: Mark Gary and Tom Layton Contact: President Elyn Walker (707) 664-2381, (707) 987-9157 Antelope Valley Archaeological Society P. 0. Box 4514 Cultural Resource Facility, CSUB Lancaster, CA 93539 CSU 9001 Stockdale Hwy Meeting place: Palmdale Cultural Building (Palmdale Bakersfield, CA 93311-1099 Blvd. & Sierra Hwy) Contact: Gwyn Alcock (805) 664-2143 Meeting schedule: third Monday of the month, 7:30 p.rn. Fort Guijarros Museum Foundation Contact: President Mark Campbell (805) 227-9155 P. 0. Box 231500 or (805) 267-2857 San Diego, CA 92123 Contact: President Ron May (619) 565-5627 Anthropology Student Society UCSC 1156 High Street Fresno County Archaeological Society Santa Cruz. CA 95064 P.O. Box 11882 Contact: President Elizabeth Wolf Fresno, CA 93775 Newsletter editor: Tracy Gordon Meeting place: Room 200, upstairs cafeteria, CSU Fresno campus Archaeological Survey Association of Southern Cal­ Meeting Schedule: first Monday of the month ifornia Contact: President Cindy Stav-Elfers c/o SBCM 2024 Orange Tree Lane Newsletter editor: Jim Kus (209) 298-5544 Redlands.CA 92373 Meeting place: SBCM Friends of Archaeology Meeting schedule: quarterly Ins titute of Archaeology, UCLAA210 Fowler Contact: President Roger Baty, (909) 793-2121, Los Angeles, CA 90024 extension 4284 Meeting place: UCLA, various homes News editor: Michelle Bennie, 252 Sonora St. #B, Contact: President David Zuccaro (310) 825-1980 Redlands, CA 92373

Bay Area Rock Art Research Association c/o Paul Freeman, 1959 Webster St. (Continued on page 17)

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 16 September 1994 Merced College Anthropology Club Archaeological Societies c/ o Munoz 2703 Emerald Ct (Continued from page 16) Atwater, CA 95301 Contact: President Vernice Munoz riends of Calico Early Man Site, Inc. Newsletter editor: Walter Nichols, 2499 E Gerard o SBCM 2024 Orange Tree Lane #80, Merced 95346 edlands, CA 92373 Meeting place: Calico Miwok Archaeological Preserve of Marin Meeting schedule: Annual meeting 2255 Las Gallinas Ave Contact: President Dee Simpson, (909) 795-8310 San Rafael, CA 94903 Newsletter editor: Dottie Kasper Meeting place: Miller Creek School, 2255 Las Gal­ linas, Marinwood (San Rafael) Friends of Sierra Rock Art Meeting schedule: lectures 123 Grove St Contact: President Gene Buvelot Nevada City, CA 95959 Newsletter editor: Sylvia Thalman (4 15) 479-3281 Meeting Place: Bill Drake's house (see address above) Mojave Historical Society Contact: President Bill Drake, (916) 265-2084 P.O. Box 21 Victorville, CA 92392 Friends of the Eastern California Museum Meeting place: VVM. 11873 Apple Valley Road, P.O. Box33 Apple Valley Independence, CA 93526 Meeting schedule: fourth Thursday of the month Meeting place: American Legion Hall, Independence. Contact: President Chappy Chapdelaine Meeting schedule: Annual meeting Newsletter editor: Arlene Kallenberger (6 19) 244- Contact: President Rich White 9651

Imperial Valley College Museum Society Mojave River Valley Museum Association P.O. Box 2455 P.O. Box 1282 ElCentro,CA 92244 Barstow, CA 92312-1282 Meeting place: Imperial Valley College Meeting place: Mojave .River Valley Museum, Bar­ Meeting schedule: board meets second Monday of stow Road & Virginia Way, Barstow each month Meeting schedule: fourth Wednesday of the month rr.11tact: President Evelyn Zinn (619) 352-3078 Contact: President Gene Stoops rsletter editor: William Farris (619) 352-3014 Newsletter editor: Maybelle Lipking. Cliff Walker (619) 256-5570 .....,. nd Archaeological Society C/0 Dee Simpson Pacific Coast Archaeological Society 35080 Chandler #47 P. 0. Box 10926 Calimesa, CA 92320 Costa Mesa, CA 92627 Meeting place: San Bernardino County Museum, Meeting place: Western Digital, 8105 Irvine Center University of Redlands, Redlands Dr., Irvine Meeting schedule: quarterly Meeting schedule: first Thursday of the month Contact: President Dee Simpson (909) 795-8310 Contact: President Frank Chapel, (714) 738-0406 Newsletter editor: Jack Lissack (310) 372-5642 Kem County Archaeological Society P 0 Box 9793 Sacramento Archaeological Society Bakersfield, CA 93389-9793 P.O. Box 163287 Meeting place: Lake Room, Beale Library, 701 Trux­ Sacramento, CA 95816-9287 tun Ave., Bakersfield Contact: President Larry Weigel (916) 372-5740 Contact: President Nelson Siefkin (805) 664-2167 Newsletter editor : Alice Kingsnorth (916) 446-2154 Newsletter editor: Sharyann-Marie Valdez (805) 324- 8211, (8 05) 664-2167 San Diego County Arch aeological Society P.O. BoxA-81106 Maturango Museum Association San Diego, CA 92138 100 E. Las Flores Avenue Meeting place: County of San Diego Bldg. 5201 Ridgecrest, CA 93555 Ruffin Road, Kearney Mesa Meeting place: at the Maturango Museum, 100 E. Meeting schedule: fourth Tu esday monthly Las Flores Ave., Ridgecrest Contact: President Allan Willis (619) 444-5256 Contact: President Betty Jane Tiffany (619) 375- Newsletter editor: Mike Nabholz 6900 Newsletter editor: Jennifer Hitt (Continued on page 18)

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 17 September 1994 The Archaeology Conseivancy Archaeological Societies 121 7 23rd Street (Continued from page 17) Sacramento, CA 95816-4197 Meeting schedule: No regular meetings Contact: Mark Michel San Luis Obispo County Archaeological Society Newsletter editor: Lynn Dunbar (916) 448-1892 P.O. Box 109 San Luis Obispo, CA 93406 Tulare Lake Archaeological Research Group Meeting place: Archaeological Research Center, c/o William Wallace, 161 via Pasqual Bldg. # 1523, Cuesta College old campus Redondo Beach, CA 902 77 -6654 Meeting schedule: monthly, third Wednesday of Meeting schedule: no regular m eetings most months Contact: President Gerrlt Fen enga, (310) 664-2108 Contact: President Julia Pennington, Chair, (805) Newsletter editor: William Wallace 5<-4-0176 Newsletter editor: Chris Hoover Ventura County Archaeological Society c/o Tom Maxwell, 3268 Luther Ave. Santa Barbara County Archaeological Society Thousand Oaks, CA 91360-2715 P.O. Box 30716 Meeting place: Enunan uel Presbyterian Church, Santa Barbara, CA 93130 Thousand Oaks, (temp) Meeting place: Farrand Hall, SB Museum of Natural Meeting schedule: 1st Wednesday of the month History Contact: President J oan ne D'Usseau, (805) 498- Meeting schedule: first Monday of each month at 7883 7:30 p.m. Newsletter editor: Tom Maxwell (80 5) 492-2184 Contact: Lisa Steinberg (805) 682-6234

Santa Barbara County Archaeological Society, Lompoc Chapter Science Applications c/o Lompoc Museum, 222 South H Street International Corporation Lompoc, CA 93436 Contact: President Alex Kirkish Newsletter editor: Kit Kirkish SAIC has immediate openings for 1-2 full­ time permanent positions in prehistoric Santa Clara County Archaeological Society archaeology. M.A. required, Ph.D. pre­ P.O. Box 5036 ferred. Must have: hunter-gatherer SanJose, CA 95150 research focus; 3-5 years professional expe­ Meeting place: Santa Clara University, Bldg. 32 rience; demonstrable success in managing Room 207, on Franklin & Alameda Meeting schedule: Second Thursday of every month; large and small field projects; working no meetings during summer lmowledge of basic statistical analyses; Contact: President Michelle Stamos (408) 973-9205 excellent writing skills; and a "team-player" Newsletter editor: Kim Nichols attitude. GIS, geoarchaeological or historic archaeological capabilities would be val­ Santa Cruz Archaeological Society uable. With over 16,000 employees, SAIC 1305 East Cliff Drive is the largest employee-owned consulting Santa Cruz, CA 95062 firm in the U.S. and rewards hard-working Meeting place: Santa Cruz City Museum, 1305 East Cliff Drive individuals with competitive salaries and Meeting schedule: third Thursday of the month excellent benefits. Its Cultural Resources Contact: President Jerry Dudley, (408) 663-2036 Management Group in California spe­ Newsletter editor: Judi Cole (408) 427-3295 cializes in archaeological and historical studies in support of federal, state and Santa Susana Mountain Park Association local regulations. Project locations con­ P.O. Box 4831 centrate in California and Nevada but occur Chatsworth, CA 91313-4831 Contact: President Zelma Van throughout the U.S. Please send one cur­ rent C .V ., a lett e r of inter est , and n a m es of Southern Sierra Archaeological Society three professional references to Forrest P.O. Box 1973 Smith, Personnel Manager, SAIC, 816 State Visalia, CA 932 79 Street, Suite 500, Santa Barbara, Cal­ Meeting place: Exeter Library, Porteiville Museum ifornia, 93101 or FAX (805) 965-6944. No Contact: President Don DeLay, (209) 798-1277 telephone calls, please. Newsletter editor: Mary Gorden (209) 597-2373

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 18 September 1994 the numerous grinding features as part of their News From The Avocational project to establish a monitoring system for Rock Camp's preservation and interpretation. Planned Societies in cooperation with the Forest Service, the ASA by Anne Duffield-Stoll Rock Camp project also involves students from the University of Redlands. The next meeting of the ASA will be a joint get-together with the Friends of Ah, the dog days of August. The mailbox is hot Calico at the San Bernardino County Museum on with correspondence this summer. 1 received a October 29. For more information, call Roger Baty letter from Hester Davis, Arkansas State Archae­ at (909) 792-0279. ologist and long-time supporter of volunteer archaeology. He wanted us to know about a new The October CSAS [Central Sierra Archaeology group called CoAS, the Council of Affiliated Soci­ Society) meeting has been arranged by President eties of the SAA (Society for American Archae­ Scott Baker >vith help from Shelly Davis-King. ology). The SCA has been invited to join and it The program was tentative at press time but the would be an important connection, at the national date was certain, October 25. Call Shelly for more level. CoAS will make it easier to reach archae­ information at (209) 533-0305. ologists and avocationalists in other parts of the country, and will help SCA stay current on A new addition to the roster of groups active in Cal­ national affairs. For a $25 membership fee, an ifornia archaeology and support avocational inter­ avocational society will be represented on the ests, is the Malki Museum Association. The Council, and receive a copy of the SAA Bulletin, Assocition formed in 1965 to "support the oldest which comes out five times a year. Plus, individual Indian-run museum in California," the Malki members of CoAS societies are entitled to the lower Museum, located at 11-795 Fields Road, Morongo Affiliate rate ($25) for membership in SAA. For Indian Reservation, Banning, CA 92220. The more information contact Hester Davis at P.O. Box group publishes a quarterly newsletter called Ma!ki 1249, Fayetteville, AR 72702-1249. Matters and offers its members a 20% discount on the works of the Malki Press, a publisher of val­ Good news from KCAS, the Kem County Archae­ uable literature related to Southern California Indi­ ological Society. Newsletters for June, July, and ans. The Malki Museum counts on volunteers to August show this group is going places with their help with the museum's archaeological collections new president, Nelson Siefkin. Having this active and at their once-a-year pow wow over Memorial group in the Bakersfield area will be good for the Day, which is always a special event. CVAS AcA meeting to be held there in 1996. Nelson's [Coachella Valley Archaeological Society) members •esidents message in the July newsletter. are usually there to help every May. The Morongo e>..lJressed hope for KCAS becoming more fully inte­ folks set up booths for crafts and a circular dance grated into the community, with involvement and floor outside the museum. Most of the CRIT [Col­ support from CSUSB, Bakersfield College and local orado River Indian Tribes) are represented, and the government. There was also mention of holding a Cahuilla Bird Singers perform traditional songs. special meeting during Archaeology Week 1995, The Malki Museum Fiesta is well worth a trip up Lriviting several speakers and having a general San Gorgonio Pass. round-table discussions with audience participa­ tion. KCAS plans to stay in touch with the mem­ A similar group in Northern California is MAPOM bers through a "beefed-up" newsletter; no question, [Miwok Archaeological Preserve of Marin) who oper­ the newsletter already has a nice new look to it. ate the center at Kule Loklo, a reconstructed KCAS meets once a month in the Lake Room of the Miwok village at the Point Reyes National Seashore Beale Library, 701 Truxton Avenue, Bakersfield. near Olema in Western Marin County. This Fall For information on KCAS, contact Nelson Siefkin MAPOM is running an interesting series of 13 at (805) 664-2167. classes at Kule Loklo. Classes begin September 1 7 and run through October 29. Classes are The Summer 1994 issue of the ASA (Archaeological "designed to give students a concentrated look at a Survey Association) Bulletin also has a nice new small aspect of California Indian culture" and sub­ format, thanks to Michelle Betty, outgoing ASA jects range from flintknapping and making an president Roger Baty's new daughter-in-law. atlatl to creating clam disc beads & abalone orna­ Roger reports that the ASA has drafted new vol­ ments for a modest fee, materials included. unteers for several positions, including Margaret Classes are held at the Miwok village, and some are Potvin as president-elect. A number of newcomers taught by Native Americans. For information, con­ were also reported in attendance at ASA's yearly tact Sylvia Thalman (415) 479-3281 or Don working field trip at Rock Camp in the San Ber­ Thieler (415) 883-4310. nardino Mountains the weekend of July 30-31. .SA volunteers continued the detailed mapping of

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 19 September 1994 SCA Annual Meeting - April 1995 Child Care rI If there is sufficient response, child care will be available during the SCA Annual Meeting. Ifyou think you may need child care, please answer the following questionnaire:

1. How many children will need care?

2. What are the ages ofyour children?

3. Which days are you interested in child care?

Thursday morning__ _ Thursday afternoon ___ Thursday evening_ _ _

Friday morning_ ___ Friday afternoon__ _ _ Friday evening____ _

Saturday morning_ _ _ Saturday afternoon__ _ Saturday eveningD----

Although sign up, including deposit, will not be until February or March, early response to this ques­ tionnaire will allow us to set up a great program for the kids. I am working with an established child care center in Eureka who have their own site and preschool, as well as two other classes at another school. Send \ or FAX your response to: Linda Sandelin, Sandelin Archaeology and Forestry, P.O. Box 6325, Eureka, CA I 95502-6325. (707) 442-6191 FAX and phone. !L . =-- - ··------

A new volume in CCPH Confers Awards On i Interdisciplinary Contributions Recipients At Its -I to Archaeology Annual Conference I Series Editor: Michael Jochim I The California Council for the Promotion of History EARLY HUNTER-GATHERERS OF (CCPH), at its annual meeting in San Diego (held THE CALIFORNIA COAST jointly with the California Historical Society) by Jon M. Erlandson awarded three outstanding individuals for their A comprehensive review of archaeological data gathered many contributions to the state's cultural heritage. from sites along the California coast. Examines broad issues related to the nature of coastal adaptations, the Malcolm Margolin was recognized for his efforts to evolution of maritime societies, and the peopling cit the preserve and advance the history of California Indi­ New World. Uses detailed excavation data from three ear­ ans. He is an editor, publisher, and author who has ly sites to reconstruct the paleogeography of the Santa brought popular and scholarly works concerning Barbara coast 8,500 years ago and to explore patterns of California Indians to a wide a udience_ His books human settlement, subsistence, and technologies used at include The Ohlone Way. The Way We Lived, Indian that time. Compares the data gathered from these sites Summer, and many others. His quarterly publica­ with data from other California locations to determine the tion. News from Native California is a vital link w ilh ecological, economic, and social contexts of early maritime the lives of contemporary California Indians. and adaptations in the state. features articles by such esteemed writers as Bev 0-306-44421-6/350 pp.lill.11 994/$45.00 ($54.00 outside US & Canada) text adoption price on orders of six or more copies: $29.50 each Ortiz. Brian Bibby. Kat Anderson, Frank La Pen a. and others. """"""""nuun"'"i PLENUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION Ple II 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013-1578 Robert Hine is a Professor Emeritus in the Depart­ ~FU!USHING--~--..J Telephone orders: 1-800-221-9369/212-620-8000 ment of History, (Continued o.n page 21)

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 20 September 1994 CCPH Awards SCA Newsletter (Continued from page 20) Newsletter Editor - Valerie Levulett University of California, Riverside. He has been an 915 Mesa Street Aspiring author and teacher throughout his forty I Morro Bay, CA 93442 ...,ear career, focusing on California and the American w: (805) 549-3669 - h: (805) 772-1971 West and producing landmark studies on utopian FAX (805) 549-3077 colonies, Josiah Royce, and the west. His latest work, Second Sight (Berkeley: UC Press, 1993) Newsletter Preparation - Doug Bryce describes his fifteen years of work (three books, sev­ P. 0. Box 292010 eral articles, and twenty book reviews) despite his Sacramento, CA 95829-2010 (916) 558-3734 total blindness (an operation in 1986 restored his FAX (916)387-1179 sight). Contributing Editors & Editorial Assistance J a.TIIes C. \Villiams has served CCPH and the history Avoc. Soc. Ann Q. Duffield (909) 621-7521 profession for many years. As Chair and Executive i Calendar DonnaDay(916)478-6214 Secretary of the organization, Williams has kept the Federal Agency Karen Nissen (209) 488-4024 organization moving ahead and true to its mission I Hist. Arch. Judy Tordoff ((916) 263-3390

over the past fifteen years, and the board is proud to 1 New Publications Need Volunteer recognize Jim for his many contributions. State Agency Thad Van Bueren (916) 263-3404 I Editorial Assistance Bob Orlins, Donna Day, So Calif Data-Sharing Meeting 1 & Bob Pavlik List of Participants Next Newsletter Deadline The following persons will make 15 minute presentations I on these subjects. October 15, 1994 Julia Costello - Excavation of Burials From the Madam Felix/Hetlick Cemetery, The SCA welcomes articles and letter from read­ Jeanne E. Arnold and Scott Pletka - Elite Occupation at ers. Writer's name address, and daytime phone Prisoners Harbor, Santa Cruz Island. must be included. Contributions must be John Johnson - Redating the Arlington Spring Site, double spaced and may be edited for clarity and Santa Rosa Island. 1 length, and do not necessarily reflect the position 1r1ark Raab, Katherine Bradford, and Judith Porcasi - or opinion of the society. IBM and Macintosh Summer 1994 Excavations at Eel Point Site, San Clemente Island: A Study of Maritime Cultural Evol. materials may be submitted on disks (3.5" pref­ elson Siefkin - Integrating Archaeology and erable) - please include hard copy \vith disc. Ethnohistory in the Tulare Lake Basin. Send to editor Valerie Levulett. 915 Mesa St., Gerrit Fenenga and Gwyn Alcock - A Study of Morro Bay, CA 934421 Work (805) 549-3669. Technology at a Chert Quarry in Red Rock Canyon, Kem Home (805) 772-1971. FAX (805) 549-3077. Jill Gardner, Sally F. McGill, and Mark Q. Sutton - Buried Hearth Features Along the Garlock Fault. Mark Campbell - overview of Archaeological Advertising Rates Investigations at Edwards Air Force Base in 93 and 94. Glenn S. Russell and Jim Pearson - Current Research at 1/4 page or less $40 Hie Stahl Site (CA-INY-182). 1/4 to 1/2 page $70 Roger Colten - Archaeological Excavations at (CA-SBA- 2464), An Inland Chumash Sile. 1/2 to full page $125 David Miller, Caprice Harper, and Patricia Martz - Paleoenvironrnental Reconstruction at Mugu Lagoon I Ads that run three or more consecutive Lynn Gamble - Recent Archaeological Investigations at Point Mugu State Park. ' issues receive a 15% discount. Chester King - Inventory of Santa Monica Mountains Columns are 3.5". Full page is 7.5" x 9" National Recreation Area, 1993. John Foster - Mud, Stone, Wood, and Water -The His­ torical Archaeology of Domenigoni Valley, Riverside Co. Newsletter Deadlines Mark Robinson - Domenigoni Valley Reservoir Project. Donna Kirner and Christine Prior - AMS Radiocarbon Submission Deadline ~ Dating at the University of California, Riverside , February 15 March Chris Doolittle et al - Historical Archaeology in do\vntown April 15 May San Bernardino 1 Jerry Schafer - Historical and Archaeological Evidence of June 15 July Agriculture and Irrigation Practices Among the Cahuilla August 15 September of Tahquitz Canyon, Palm Springs. Gary Hurd -Post-burn Archaeological Impacts in Moro October 15 November anyon Coastal Chaparral. December15 January 1 Willis - Torrey Pines State Reserve

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 21 September 1994 * November 10-13, 1994. American Society for Calendar of Events Ethnohistory, Radisson Tempe, Mission Palms II Ii Hotel, Tempe, Arizona. Contact Peter Iverson. Department of History. Arizona State * September 29-0ctober 1, 1994. The Society for University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-2501; (602) Commercial Archaeology Annual Meeting will be 965-5778; Fax (602) 965-0 3 10. held in conjunction with the South Dakota State Historical Preseivation Center. The theme will * January 4-8. 1995. The Society for Historical center on the history of tourism. For more Archaeology's Annual Conference on Historical information contact Tania G. Werbiskey at (607) and Unde1water Archaeology. J.W. Marriott 257-5166 or write to the Society for Commercial Hotel. Washington. DC. For more information Archaeology (SCA) P.O. Box 4942. Ithaca, NY contact: Henry M. Miller, Historic St. Mary's 14852. City, P.O. Box 39. St. Mary's City, MD 20685: (301) 862-0974, FAX (301) 892-0968. * October 1, 1994, Southern California Data Sharing Meetings. University of California, Los * March 15-17, 1995. SocietyforEthnobiology Angeles. Contact Mike Sampson (619) 220-5323. Eighteenth Annual Conference. Theme: Culture and Biological Diversity: Past. Present. and * October 2-8. 1994. Association for Preseivation Future. For more information contact: Suzanne Technology, Seattle, Washington. Call (703) 373- K. Fish. Arizona State Museum, University of 162lor (206) 768-3460. Arizona. Tucson, Arizon a 85721. (602) 621-2556; FAX (602) 621-2976; E-Mail * October 6-8, 1994. Biennial Great Basin ARCHEO@ARIZRVAX Anthropological Conference . Elko. Nevada. For more informa tion contact Kevin T. Lones, Utah * April 2-7, 1995. Archaeological Chemistry Division of State History, 300 Rio Grande, Salt Symposium held at the American Chemical Lake City, Utah 84101; or call (801) 533-3524 or Society National Meeting, Anaheim, ~alifo~ . 533-3500; FAX (801) 533-3503. For more information contact Mary Virgirua Oma, College of New Rochelle, New Rochelle, * October 11-15, 1994. International Committee on New York 10805; or call (914) 654-5302; FAX .Archaeological Heritage Management Annual (914) 654-5387. Conference. This years theme is "Archaeological Remains, In Situ Preseivation." For more * April 5-9, 1995. SCA Annual Meeting. Eureka information contact Secretariat. ICAHM Montreal Inn, Eureka. For more information contact 1994, Ville de Montreal. Seivice de l'habation et Breck Parkman, Program Chair, (707) 938- du development urbain. 303, rue Notre-Dame Est. 9572 or Ken Wilson and Tom Keter (707) 441- 5 etage, Montreal (Quebec). Canada H2Y 3Y8g, 3529 (Local Arrangements). rl (514) 872-7531; FAX (514) 872-0024. * May 14-20, 1995. Archaeology Week. For * October 14-16, 1994. Science and Archaeology: more information contact Beth Padon at (714) A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to Studying the 458-7309 or Elyn Walker at (707) 664-2381. Past. sponsored by SAS, Cambridge. Robert H. Tykot, Arch aeometry Laboratories, Harvard * August 8-13. 1995. Ketichikan Teachers' University, Cambridge, MA 02138; e-mail Institute will conduct a week long workshop message to [email protected]. on bringing multiculturism into the classroom. Sponsored by the USDA Forest Service. * October 22, 1994. Northern California Data Attendees will work with archaeologists. Sharing Meetings. California State University, naturalists and tribal elders to develop new Sacramento. For more information contact: instructional materials. To register or for more Jerry Johnson (9 16) 278-6572 information contact Winona Wallace, Ketichikan Teachers' Institute. Totem Heritage Center, 629 * October 26-30, 1994. National Trust for Historic Dock St., Ketichikan, AK 99901; or call (907) Preservation. Boston . Massachusetts. For more 225-5900. information call (202) 673-4000. Please send calendar listings to Donna Day. * November, 1994. International Symposium "The Pleistocene/Holocene Boundary and Human Tahoe National Forest, P. 0. Box 6003, Occupations in South America. Mendoza. Nevada City, California 95959-6003 or e­ Argentina. For more information contact mail can be sent to me at f I s=D.DAYI Marcelo Zarate. Centro de Geologia de Costas OUl=R05Fl [email protected]. All sub­ y del Cuattemario - UNMP. Casilla de Correo missions (meetings, museu m openings, lec­ 722 - Correro Central, 7600 Mar del Plata. Argentina. tures, etc.) are welcome.

SCA Newsletter 28 (5) 22 September 1994 Society For California Archaeology *Education and Research

* Advocacy for Preservation * Professional Meetings and Publications

The Society for California Archaeology is a non-profit scientific and educational organization dedicated to research, understanding and conservation of archaeological resources. Membership is open to everyone with an interest in California archaeology.

SCA promotes cooperation among archaeol­ and opportunities to manage archaeological ogists in California by: 1) conducting sym­ sites; 2) representing the concerns of Cali­ posia and meetings to share information on fornia archaeologists before government new discoveries and techniques; 2) publish­ commissions and agencies, and on legisla­ ing an annual Proceedings on archaeologi­ tion; 3) encouraging the conservation of ar­ cal research in California; 3) publishing a chaeological resources for future research Newsletter on current topics of concern, and public interpretation; 4) discouraging with news and commentaries; and 4) pro­ vandalism and exploitation of archaeologi­ moting standards and ethical guidelines for cal resources; 5) recognizing the signifi­ the practice of archaeology. cance that many sites possess for ethnic and local communities; and 6) encburaging The Society seeks to increase public appre- respect, appreciation and a better under­ ation and support for archaeology in Cali­ standing of California's diverse cultural her­ ornia by: 1) helping planners, landowners itage. and developers understand their obligations •

Categories of Membership Name:______

_ Regular $ 35 Address :______Institutional $ 35 Student $ 12 _ Spouse $ 15 City/State/Zip: ______Senior (60+) $ 15 _Contributing $100 Phone(_) ______Life $500 Membership year Apri l 1. 199 _ _ to March 31, 199__ _ Supporting $ 50

Please return this form with your check to : Optional Contribution Categories: Society for California Archaeology Business Office CSU-Fullerton, $ Native American Programs Department of Anthropology $ Avocational Society Award P.O. Box 34080 $ SCA Endowment Fund Fullerton, CA 92634-4080 $ Archaeology Week/Public Programs (714) 256-0332 'Society for California Archaeolo~ Non-Profit Department of Anthropology U.S. Postage California State University Paid Fullerton. CA 92634 Permit No 127 ' ~ Elk Grove, CA Address Correction Requested

To:

Volume 28, Number 5

1994-95 SCA Editors and Committee Chairs Calif Register Committee Glenn Farris (916) 327-2089

l''1ewsletter Curation Georgie Waugh (916) 263-3406 &AndyYatsko (619) 545-1131 managing editor Valerie A Levulett layout & production Doug Bryce Easements Bill Dreyer (916) 898-6256 historical archaeology Judv Tordoff avocational societies Anne Q. Duffield-Stoll F:nanee Shelly Davts-King (209) 533-0305 cale:1dar 1 Donna Day federa:: agencies Karen Nissen Heritage '!'ask Force Representative state agencies Thad Van Bueren Thad Van Bueren (916) 263-3404 editorial assistance Bob Orlins. Donna Day & Bob Pavlik Information Center Advtsory Group _ Mary Manlery (916) 739-8306 Proceedings Editor Marlin Rosen (619) 688-6751 James Bennyhoff Memorial Fund Terry Jones (916) 263-3386 1995 Annual Meetillj( program Breck Parkman (707) 938-9572 Legislation Lynn Dunbar (916) 448-1892 local arrangements Ken Wilson & Tom Keter (707) 441-3529 Men1bership Position open ISTEA AdvisoIJr Council Representatives Native i\merican Programs Paul Chace (7 l 4) 540-0800 Phil de Barros (619) 744·1150 ext. 2343

Archaeology Week Sandra ,J, Elder (916) 653-0877 Elyn Walker (707) 664-2381 OHP Liaison & Beth Padon (714) 458-7309 PCL Board Member Lynn Dunbar (916) 448-1892 Avocational Society Coordinator Ann Duffield-Stoll (714) 621-7521